Academic literature on the topic 'Seismic hazard- North east India'
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Journal articles on the topic "Seismic hazard- North east India"
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Bahuguna, Ashish, and Arjun Sil. "Comprehensive Seismicity, Seismic Sources and Seismic Hazard Assessment of Assam, North East India." Journal of Earthquake Engineering 24, no. 2 (April 11, 2018): 254–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1453405.
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Chandan Dey, Santanu Baruah, Bijit Kr Choudhury, Timangshu Chetia, Sowrav Saikia, Antara Sharma, and Manoj K Phukan. "Living with Earthquakes: Educating masses through earthquake awareness: North East (NE) India perspective." Annals of Geophysics 64, no. 3 (July 23, 2021): SE330. http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-8479.
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Earthquake is one of the most frightening and destructive phenomena of nature. The northeast India region, as well as its adjoining South-Asian neighbours including Myanmar and Bangladesh, is tectonically and seismically most active. The region categorized under the highest level of seismic hazard potential: Zone V, of the seismic zonation map of India, has experienced nearly 22 large (M ≥7.0) and two great earthquakes (M S ∼ 8.7) in the past 130 years. All these earthquakes caused wide-spread damage over the region. In the recent past, with rapid urbanization combined with a significant population rise as compared to those times when these great/large earthquakes occurred, the seismic vulnerability index has increased manifold. The situation demands widespread dissemination of seismic hazard and preparedness information via community engagement and highlighting on potentially tragic consequences of earthquakes by conducting extensive mock drill exercises & earthquake awareness programmes. In this paper, the role and efforts of the statuary bodies in the region, such as National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and CSIR – Northeast Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST) and societal program of Academy of Scientific and Innovative research, to mitigate and minimize seismic hazard by extensive dissemination of earthquake information, via scientific scenario and impact assessment, is holistically compiled.
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Borah, Niranjan, and Abhishek Kumar. "Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of the North-East India towards identification of contributing seismic sources." Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk 14, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2022.2160662.
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Joshi, A., Kapil Mohan, and R. C. Patel. "A deterministic approach for preparation of seismic hazard maps in North East India." Natural Hazards 43, no. 1 (April 21, 2007): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-007-9112-7.
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Tirmizi, Osman, Shuhab D. Khan, Sara Mirzaee, and Heresh Fattahi. "Hazard Potential in Southern Pakistan: A Study on the Subsidence and Neotectonics of Karachi and Surrounding Areas." Remote Sensing 15, no. 5 (February 26, 2023): 1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051290.
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Coastal communities in deltaic regions worldwide are subject to subsidence through a combination of natural and anthropogenic processes. The city of Karachi in southern Pakistan is situated along the diffuse western boundary of the tectonically active Indian Plate, making it more susceptible to natural subsidence processes from plate motion-related deformational events such as earthquakes and faulting. Karachi has a dense population of over 16 million people, and determining the rate of subsidence and extent of neotectonic activity is crucial for mitigating seismic hazards. Excessive abstraction of groundwater and extensive groundwater use in irrigation are some of the anthropogenic contributions to subsidence in the area. A combination of the lack of historical data and few previous studies of the area make it difficult to determine the rate and extent of deformation in this region. We present an analysis of subsidence and neotectonic activity in Karachi and its surrounding areas using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) timeseries techniques. The InSAR results for satellite LOS velocity change in both ascending and descending Sentinel-1 tracks indicate subsidence in key residential and industrial areas. Further decomposition into two dimensions (east–west and vertical) quantifies subsidence in these areas up to 1.7 cm per year. Furthermore, InSAR data suggest the presence of an active north–east dipping listric normal fault in North Karachi that is confirmed in the shallow subsurface by a 2D seismic line. Subsidence is known to cause the reactivation of faults, which increases the risk of damage to infrastructure.
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Raghu Kanth, S. T. G., and Sujit Kumar Dash. "Deterministic seismic scenarios for North East India." Journal of Seismology 14, no. 2 (April 24, 2009): 143–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-009-9158-y.
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Pallavi, Ranjit Das, Sandeep Joshi, Claudio Meneses, and Tinku Biswas. "Advanced Unified Earthquake Catalog for North East India." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 2812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13052812.
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Northeast India is one of the world’s most seismically active regions. The event data included in this research for the period 1737–2012 is mostly obtained from worldwide database agencies such as ISC, NEIC, and GCMT. Historical seismicity is collected from published and unpublished documents and some earthquake events are collected from the Indian Meteorological Department Bulletins. As the Mw scale is developed and validated in the southern California region and overestimates the smaller magnitude earthquakes, therefore, recent literature suggested an improved version of the seismic moment magnitude scale (Mwg) applicable for the entire globe considering both long- and short-period frequency-spectra using modern instrumental data. To update the earthquake catalog of Northeast India, we prepared empirical relationships between different magnitudes to Mwg using robust statistical General Orthogonal Regression. A procedure is also suggested for converting different earthquake sizes towards seismic moment scale. The Magnitude of Completeness (Mc) and the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) recurrence parameter values for the declustered homogenized catalog in four time periods, namely 1737–1963, 1964–1990, 1964–2000, and 1964–2012, have been computed. Our analysis suggests that the use of the Mwg scale improves seismicity parameters ‘b’ up to 30%, ‘a’ up to 17%, and ‘Mc’ up to 18% for the Northeast India region. A complete unified earthquake catalog in terms of advanced seismic moment magnitude scale could help understand seismicity and earthquake engineering studies of the region.
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Haerifard, S., H. Jarahi, M. Pourkermani, and M. Almasian. "Seismic Hazard Assessment at Esfaraen‒Bojnurd Railway, North‒East of Iran." Geotectonics 52, no. 1 (January 2018): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0016852118010041.
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Carlton, Brian, Andy Barwise, and Amir M. Kaynia. "Seismic Hazard Assessment for a Wind Farm Offshore England." Geotechnics 2, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): 14–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geotechnics2010002.
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Offshore wind has become a major contributor to reducing global carbon emissions. This paper presents a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for the Sofia Offshore Wind Farm, which is located about 200 km north-east of England in the southern North Sea and will be one of the largest offshore wind farms in the world once completed. The seismic source characterization is composed of two areal seismic source models and four seismic source models derived using smoothed gridded seismicity with earthquake catalogue data processed by different techniques. The ground motion characterization contains eight ground motion models selected based on comparisons with regional data. The main findings are (1) the variation in seismic hazard across the site is negligible; (2) the main source controlling the hazard is the source that includes the 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake; (3) earthquake scenarios controlling the hazard are Mw = 5.0–6.3 and R = 110–210 km; and (4) the peak ground accelerations on rock are lower than for previous regional studies. These results could help guide future seismic hazard assessments in the North Sea.
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Rizzo, Paul C., N. R. Vaidya, E. Bazan, and C. F. Heberling. "Seismic Hazard Assessment in the Southeastern United States." Earthquake Spectra 11, no. 1 (February 1995): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585806.
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Comparisons of response spectra from near and far-field records to those estimated by attenuation functions commonly used in evaluating seismic hazards show that these functions provide reasonable results for near-field western North American sites. However, they estimate relatively small motions for far-field eastern North American sites, which is contrary to the empirical evidence of the 1886 Charleston and 1988 Saguenay Earthquakes. Using the 1988 Saguenay records scaled for magnitude, and several western North American records scaled to account for the slower attenuation in the east, we have developed deterministic median and 84th percentile, 5 percent damped response spectra to represent ground motions from a recurrence of the 1886 Charleston Earthquake at a distance between 85 to 120 km. The resulting 84th percentile spectrum has a shape similar to, but is less severe than, the USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.60 5 percent damped spectrum tied to a peak ground acceleration of 0.2g.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seismic hazard- North east India"
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Rahman, Tauhidur. "Engineering Approach To Seismic Hazard Estimation Of North Eastern Region Of India." Thesis, 2008. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2278.
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Selecting the design ground motion parameters for future earthquakes is a challenging task in earthquake engineering. The intensity of ground shaking depends on the physics of the earthquake process, the seismic wave characteristics, damping and density of the elastic medium. The important parameters commonly used in engineering application are Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and response spectrum. This thesis addresses the question of how the above parameters can be rationally estimated for a very highly Seismic zone like North Eastern Region of India (NERI). A detailed literature review and necessity of engineering seismic hazard estimation for NERI is presented in Chapter 1.The geological and seismotectonic setup of NERI has been described. The seismic status of NERI has also been discussed in this chapter.
In Chapter 2, three region specific seismological model parameters namely stress drop, quality factor and soil (kappa factor) parameters are estimated. These earthquake model parameters represent the source, path and site parameters respectively. Reliable estimates of these parameters for NERI have been presented here for the first time. The model parameters are computed for this region from time histories of past earthquake records. These parameters are used in developing reliable ground motion attenuation relation for NERI.
In chapter 3, the thesis proposes a new attenuation relation for ground motion at the bedrock level for NERI. This region has very few recorded strong motion data though it has experienced more than 2000 earthquakes in the past 600 years. Attenuation relations for PGA and 5% damping Spectral acceleration(Sa) have been developed for NERI by stochastic simulation of ground motion based on the seismological model of Boore (1983, 2003).
Seismological model parameters namely stress drop, quality factor and kappa factor calculated in chapter 2 are used in simulation of ground motion samples. Twenty thousand ground motion samples are simulated for different range of magnitudes and hypocentral distances. These simulated ground motion samples are used to derive attenuation relation using two stage regression analyses. The developed regional attenuation relation is validated with available recorded data.
In chapter 4, the attenuation relation developed in the previous chapter is utilized to carry out Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) for two important cities in NERI. Seismic hazard for 100, 500 and 2500 year return period for Guwahati and Shillong cities has been calculated considering all the seismotectonic sources within 300 'km radius around these two cities. Limited PSHA results are presented for eight important cities namely Aizawl, Agartala, Silchar, Karimganj, Jorhat, Itanagar, Kohima and Imphal of NERI corresponding to faults within the boundaries of India. Earthquake hazard microzonation maps at the bedrock level for a region of 200 km X 200 km centered around Guwahati city have been prepared in this chapter.
In chapter 5, the results of chapter 3 and 4 are further used to compute city level hazard for Guwahati accounting for local site effects. For studying soil effects borehole data from 508 sites have been collected. Shear wave velocity has been estimated empirically. Based on this the city is divided in to four broad zones. PSHA has been carried out for the sites including the effect of soil layering.
For routine design of structures, PGA and the response spectrum are sufficient. However, for very important structures such as bridges, dams and industrial plants ground motion histories are required in time domain. In chapter 6, the ground motion time histories for high magnitude earthquakes in NERI are simulated based on record of small events using Empirical Green's function (EGF) approach.
Simulated ground motion samples valid for Assam Valley region, Shillong Plateau region and Eastern Himalayan region corresponding to magnitude Mw= 8.5 are presented. Similarly simulated ground motion records applicable for Arakan Yoma Belt region corresponding to magnitude Mw= 8.0 are presented. Also, simulated ground motion samples valid for Surma Valley region corresponding to magnitude Mw= 7.5 are presented. In the present study, simulated high magnitude strong motion records obtained by EGF approach have been compared with those obtained from the attenuation relation developed in chapter3.
A summary of the work done in this thesis and a few suggestions for further research are presented in chapter 7. The data of past earthquakes used in this thesis for hazard analysis is presented in the
Appendix.
Book chapters on the topic "Seismic hazard- North east India"
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Lallawmawma, C., M. L. Sharma, and J. Das. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment of North East India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 187–204. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1459-3_16.
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Borah, M., M. L. Sharma, and R. N. Dubey. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment for Assam, North-East India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 311–24. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1459-3_25.
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Bhusan, Kuntala, M. Somorjit Singh, and S. Sudhakar. "Landslide Hazard Zonation Using RS & GIS Techniques: A Case Study from North East India." In Landslide Science and Practice, 489–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31325-7_63.
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Choudhury, Bijit K. "Lg wave attenuation in special context to Indo-Burman mobile belt of North-East India." In Recent Developments in Using Seismic Waves as a Probe for Subsurface Investigations, 181–200. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003177692-8.
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Chakrabory, Rubi, and Arindam Dey. "Influence of Toe Cutting on Seismic Response of a Typical Hill Slope in North-East India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 167–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9984-2_15.
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Rongmei, Lunghim, Irom Luckychand Meitei, and Ekta Raman. "Application of Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Landslide Hazard Zonation in Tamenglong District of Manipur, North East India." In Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences, 553–70. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6478-7_29.
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Kumar, Aakash, and Nirmalendu Debnath. "Seismic Behaviour of a Typical Rail Bridge Using North-East India Specific Synthetic Ground Motions Under Multi-support Excitation." In Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure, 291–300. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_24.
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Kumar Parashar, Ashish. "A Seismic Hazard Assessment of North Chhattisgarh (India)." In Natural Hazards - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109490.
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Chhattisgarh, located in Central India, has been carved out of Madhya Pradesh to become the 26th state of the Indian Union. North Chhattisgarh is addressed by the tribal population. In the current study, an endeavor has been made to carry out the seismic hazard analysis for the major district headquarters of north Chhattisgarh, considering the local site effects and developing a seismic zone map for north Chhattisgarh. Seismic hazard analysis has been done for major district headquarters Ambikapur, Baikunthpur [Koria], Korba, and Jashpurnagar of north Chhattisgarh, using seismotectonic information. All earthquake sources and past seismic events have been considered within a radius of 300 km for the headquarters, applying deterministic and probabilistic seismic hazard analysis approaches. The seismic parameters and peak ground acceleration at the bedrock level for the district headquarters of north Chhattisgarh have been estimated. Using probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, hazard curves have been developed for each district headquarters. Alternatively, for peak ground acceleration of 0.05 g, 0.1 g, and 0.15 g return periods have been estimated for the study area. The probabilities of exceedance for 2% and 10% for 50 years have also been estimated for the study area. The current study throws light on the design and construction of vital civil engineering structures near and around the seismically active headquarters in northern Chhattisgarh.
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Chhangte, R. L., T. Rahman, and A. I. Laskar. "Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis (PFDHA) of a Bhairabi tunnel in North East India." In Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 692–700. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003029748-14.
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Chhangte, R. L., T. Rahman, and A. I. Laskar. "Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis (PFDHA) of a Bhairabi tunnel in North East India." In Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art, 692–700. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429424441-73.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Seismic hazard- North east India"
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Mohammed, Hesham H. H., and Waleed Mekky. "Implications of Revised Seismic Spectra for Eastern North America on Response of Nonstructural Components and Piping." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78625.
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The seismic response and qualification of nuclear power plant related building structures and non-structural components are affected by the sub-systems’ dynamic properties as well as the external excitation level and characteristics; to which these subsystems are subjected in a seismic event. Recently a great interest in the seismic characteristics of Eastern North America has resulted in the revision of the methodology used to develop response spectra for Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) sites including Eastern Canada. Currently site specific Uniform Hazard Spectra (UHS) are developed based on updated data that is specific to the continental East North America region and modified ground motion prediction equations. The revised UHS exhibit higher amplification in the high frequency range as compared to standard spectral shapes traditionally used in CSA/CAN3 289.3 for 1981. This paper presents the numerical results and observations for an investigation aimed at identifying the effect of these revised UHS spectral shape on the response on non structural components including piping typically requiring seismic qualification in NPPs.
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Sinha, Nitesh, and Raj Kishore. "Deepwater Pipeline Challenges." In ASME 2015 India International Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2015-7932.
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With the ever-increasing demand of energy in the country, the Indian exploration and production is now compelled to move into deepwater frontiers. The country’s energy reserve is getting exhausted with drying shallow water assets and the mainland is already overwhelmed with the pressure of sustaining the world’s second largest population. Therefore, “the upstream oil and gas fraternity of the country” has to now enter “less explored” Indian deepwater block which has already started with the launch of the NELP block by the government. Although, the world has moved into deepwater long back, the Indian industry is still developing the ways and means to tackle the challenges involved in deep water. This paper presents the insights into design and installation of deepwater pipelines along with case study of Middle East to India Deepwater Pipeline (MEIDP) of M/s SAGE, which shall be laid at a maximum water depth of 3450 m. This paper broadly elucidates the challenges in designing the deepwater pipelines such as requirement of thick-walled line pipes to sustain collapse due to external over-pressure and tensile stresses generated due to installation forces, pipeline route selection and optimization, geo-hazard assessment & mitigation, design against fault line crossings/ seismic design, free span, repair systems, seabed intervention etc. It also covers the additional manufacturing & testing requirements including tighter tolerances for line pipes suitable for deepwater installations. It also highlights the deepwater installation capabilities of Pipe lay Barges for the laying of pipeline in the deepwater to ultra-deep waters along with new evolving testing and commissioning philosophies. This paper intends to bring awareness among the “oil and gas fraternity” regarding challenges involved in deep water pipelines with respect to design, installation etc.
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Bartolini, Lorenzo, Roberto Bruschi, Maurizio Spinazzè, Enrico Torselletti, and Luigino Vitali. "Strain Based Design: Crossing of Local Features in Arctic Environment." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10328.
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In arctic pipeline projects, seismic risk and differential settlements are common, whether local or distributed across long stretches. For buried pipelines, seismic hazards are generally classified as wave propagation hazard (WP) or permanent ground deformation (PGD) hazard. Below ground crossing of seismic faults has been the real challenge in a series of pipeline projects. STress Based Design (STBD) criteria has been used in the past. Application of this method is straightforward as simple linear elastic analysis is required to calculate the load effects in the specified conditions. In the assessment of the structural integrity of a pipeline, load effects are compared with allowable states of stress. Unfortunately, unsatisfactory design, both from economic and safety points of view, may result. StraiN Based Design (SNBD) is an attractive option in these situations. The use of SNBD in pipeline technology has been widely discussed during the last decade, particularly for offshore applications. In many instances the offshore pipeline engineer can adopt SNBD to avoid onerous measures necessary to meet the traditional STBD criteria. First introduced to make allowance for crossing bottom roughness and harsh environments, more recently for High Pressure/High Temperature (HP/HT) applications, SNBD is currently used in a series of strategic project developments in North America and East Siberia, for both offshore and land pipelines crossing regions affected by ice gouging and geo-hazards from seismic activity such as land slides, active faults, soil lateral spreading due to soil liquefaction etc. Conditions for which SNBD are applicable, as well as permissible deformations in relation to line pipe material and safe operation of the pipeline in the long run, are of major concern. In this paper, the following is discussed: • Relevant hazards for arctic land and offshore pipelines such as ice scouring, permafrost thaw, frost heave etc.. • The design approach and design philosophy for Buried Pipeline Crossing active faults. In particular: ○ The Pipeline Crossing Layout of local features to minimize Load Effects; ○ Material and Steel Wall Thickness Selection vs. Crossing Location; ○ Pipeline Deformation Capacity (PDC) Assessment; ○ Pipeline Strain Demand (PSD) Assessment; ○ Pipeline Trench Design including Shape, Back-filling etc. vs. Pipe-Soil and Temperature Effects.
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Lonia, B., N. K. Nayar, S. B. Singh, and P. L. Bali. "Techno Economic Aspects of Power Generation From Agriwaste in India." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-170.
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The agricultural operations in India are suffering from a serious problem of shortage of electrical power on one side and economic and effective disposal of agriwaste stuff on the other. India being agriculture based country, 70% of its main income (share in GDP) comes from agriculture sector. Any enhancement of income from this sector is based upon adequate supply of basic inputs in this sector. Regular and adequate power supply is one such input. But, the position of power supply in our country defies both these characteristics. With a major portion of power produced being sent to the industrial and urban consumers, there is a perennial shortage of power in the agriculture sector. Consequently, there is an emergent need to produce more power in order to fulfil the needs of this sector effectively. One way of accomplishing this is setting up captive, preferably rural based, small power generation plants. In these power plants, instead of water-head, diesel oil or coal, we can use agri-residue to produce electricity. One such power plant (1–2 MW capacity) can satisfy the power need of 25 to 40 nearby villages. The agriwaste like rice straw, sugarcane-trash, coir-pith, peanut shells, wheat stalks & straw, cottonseed, stalks and husk, soyabean stalks, maize stalks & cobs, sorghum. Bagasse, wallnut shells, sunflower seeds, shells, hulls and kernels and coconut husk, wastewood and saw dust can be fruitfully utilized in power generation. This stuff is otherwise a waste and liability and consumes a lot of effort on its disposal; in addition to being a fire and health hazard. Agriwaste stuff which at present is available in abundance and prospects of its utilization in producing energy are enormous. This material can be procured at reasonably low rates from the farmers who will thus be benefited economically, apart from being relieved of the responsibility of its disposal. Agri-residue has traditionally been a major source of heat energy in rural areas in India. It is a valuable fuel even in the sub-urban areas. Inspite of rapid increase in the supply of, access lo and use of fossil fuels, agri-residue is likely to continue to play an important role, in the foreseeable future. Therefore, developing and promoting techno-economically-viable technologies to utilize agri-residue efficiently should be a persuit of high priority. Though there is no authentic data available with regard to the exact quantity of agricultural and agro-industrial residues, its rough estimate has been put at about 350 mt per annum. It is also estimated that the total cattle refuse generated is nearly 250 mt per year. Further, nearly 20% of the total land is under forest cover, which produces approximately 50 mt of fuel wood and with associated forest waste of about 5 mt.(1). Taking into account the utilization of even a portion (say 30%) of this agri-residue & agro-industrial waste as well as energy plantation on one million hectare (mha) of wastelands for power generation through bioenergy technologies, a potential of some 18000 MW of power has been estimated. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is an enormous untapped potential for energy generation from agri-residue. What is required is an immediate and urgent intensification of dedicated efforts in this field, with a view to bringing down the unit energy cost and improving efficiency and reliability of agri-waste production, conversion and utilisation, leading to subsequent saving of fossil fuels for other pressing applications. The new initiatives in national energy policy are most urgently needed to accelerate the social and economic development of the rural areas. It demands a substantial increase in production and consumption of energy for productive purposes. Such initiatives are vital for promoting the goals of sustainability. cleaner production and reduction of long-term risks of environmental pollution and consequent adverse climatic changes in future. A much needed significant social, economic and industrial development has yet to take place in large parts of rural India; be it North, West, East or South. It can be well appreciated that a conscious management of agri-residue, which is otherwise a serious liability of the farmer, through its economic conversion into electric power can offer a reasonably viable solution to our developmental needs. This vision will have to be converted into a reality within a decade or so through dedicated and planned R&D work in this area. There is a shimmering promise that the whole process of harvesting, collection, transport and economic processing and utilisation of agri-waste can be made technically and economically more viable in future. Thus, the foregoing paras amply highlight the value of agri-residue as a prospective source of electric power, particularly for supplementing the main grid during the lean supply periods or peak load hours and also for serving the remote areas in the form of stand-alone units giving a boost to decentralised power supply. This approach and option seems to be positive in view of its potential contribution to our economic and social development. No doubt, this initiative needs to be backed and perused rigorously for removing regional imbalances as well as strengthening National economy. This paper reviews the current situation with regards to generation of agriwaste and its prospects of economic conversion into electrical power, technologies presently available for this purpose, and the problems faced in such efforts. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to devise ways and means for generating electrical power from agriwaste; keeping in mind the requirements of cleaner production and environmental protection so that the initiative leads to a total solution.
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Riandini, P. "Structural Evolution Using Seismic Low Frequency Magnitude Approach: A Case Study on Defining Strike-Slip Development in West Natuna Basin, Indonesia." In Digital Technical Conference. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa20-g-290.
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West Natuna Basin (WNB) is located in the centre of Sunda Shelf in South China Sea; bordered by the Sunda Shelf's basement to the south, the Natuna Arch to the east, and the Khorat Swell to the north. Tectonic evolution of the WNB has imparted a complex structural history of extension, compression and wrenching related to Cenozoic regional tectonic events, for which the structural evolution reflects a history of Late Eocene-Early Oligocene rifting and Middle-Late Miocene inversion. The regional strike-slip movement that associates to the Three Pagodas Fault System has long been recognised at WNB. However, the understanding of this strike-slip behaviour has not previously been investigated despite its important role in reservoir mapping. This study aims to demonstrate how new approaches of seismic attributes analysis combined with structural evolution through palinspastic reconstruction will define the structural geometry as a key point for fault relationship in the production field. Structure map and cross section are generated by integrating wells data and 3D seismic to identify structural trends. Seismic low frequency magnitude has been generated as an attribute to define faults through Spectral Decomposition method. As the faults feature on the seismic are more related to low or even absent of energy, these attributes provide robust attributes to identify four morphology in study area that represent different structural geometry and history. Seismic interpretation shows the structure commences in the early part of the Late Eocene that developed as NE-SW rifting. The rifting is initiated due to creation of pull-apart basins, as part of the WNW-ESE sinistral strike-slip fault development. The major sinistral strike-slip development was accommodated by collision of India that causes onset of rotation of Sundaland. In relation to the oblique NNE-SSW compression, Middle-Late Miocene inversion follows the post-rift deformation. This condition accommodates the development of NW-SE right lateral strike-slip on the marginal fault and result in N-S trending horsetail structure development that plays a role as an essential structure for reservoir trap.This research verifies that the combination between recent re-evaluations of the 3D seismic and its attributes can identify more detailed fault positions to generate better definitions of fault patterns. Therefore, palinspastic restoration becomes one of the classic approaches that brings further comprehension of the fault pattern’s structural evolutions, which leads to the site-development and production’s improvements.
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Matesanz, Martin, Santiago Alejandro Bodini, Jesus Quintero Ramirez, Raul Diz, Luis Pablo Forni, and Nicolas Alberto Fumagalli. "Design and Drilling Performance of Two Exploratory Wells in Argentinean Parva Negra Oeste Shale Gas Field from the Vaca Muerta Formation. Experiences and Lessons Learnt." In SPE Argentina Exploration and Production of Unconventional Resources Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212413-ms.
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Abstract Parva Negra Oeste field is located 90 km north-west far from Añelo City in Neuquén Province, Argentina. It is considered an unconventional dry gas field targeting Vaca Muerta Formation in exploration phase. It is located on the east flank of Dorso de los Chihuidos with presence of over-pressure and faulting. Several wells were drilled in the area in order to test production and acquire information, which showed a complex drilling scenario and an abandonment rate of 40%. In order to define well architecture, nearby well's events were studied in a radius of 15 km, detecting gas kicks and mud losses at different depths and formations. With this information shoe depth, operative mud window and contingency casing were defined with focus in well integrity and operational hazard control. These problematic events were integrated with the seismic data and zones of structural quietness were selected in order to reduce the probability of occurrence. Both wells were successfully drilled. Although gas kicks were detected, at similar depths to nearby wells and at new zones or formations, with the use of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) and appropriate mechanical design, these events overcome successfully in a short period of time. Depth Interval from 1000 to 2000 mts (Agrio and Huitrin Formations) had a higher hardness than expected and abundant carbonates, decreasing rop for this interval of the first well. For second well, with the rock hardness log of the first well, the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) and drilling parameters were modified, with better results. A contingency liner was considered in order to isolate Quintuco Formation from Vaca Muerta Formation, but it was not needed. In both cases, all logging information were effectively acquired and 90 mts of core were extracted in the second well, with a recovery factor of 100%. This paper provides experiences and techniques to successfully drill in a zone where information is scarce and neighbor wells were abandoned in a high rate.
Reports on the topic "Seismic hazard- North east India"
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Plourde, A. P., and J. F. Cassidy. Mapping tectonic stress at subduction zones with earthquake focal mechanisms: application to Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330943.
Full textAbstract:
Earthquake focal mechanisms have contributed substantially to our understanding of modern tectonic stress regimes, perhaps more than any other data source. Studies generally group focal mechanisms by epicentral location to examine variations in stress across a region. However, stress variations with depth have rarely been considered, either due to data limitations or because they were believed to be negligible. This study presents 3D grids of tectonic stress tensors using existing focal mechanism catalogs from several subduction zones, including Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. We bin data into 50 x 50 x 10 km cells (north, east, vertical), with 50% overlap in all three directions. This resulted in 181380 stress inversions, with 90% of these in Japan (including Nankai). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first examination of stress changes with depth in several of these regions. The resulting maps and cross-sections of stress can help distinguish locked and creeping segments of the plate interface. Similarly, by dividing the focal mechanism catalog in northern Japan into those before and those >6 months after the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, we are able to produce detailed 3D maps of stress rotation, which is close to 90° near the areas of highest slip. These results could inform geodynamic rupture models of future megathrust earthquakes in order to more accurately estimate slip, shaking, and seismic hazard. Southern Cascadia and Nankai appear to have sharp stress discontinuities at ~20 km depth, and northern Cascadia may have a similar discontinuity at ~30 km depth. These stress boundaries may relate to rheological discontinuities in the forearc, and may help us unravel how forearc composition influences subduction zone behaviour and seismic hazard.
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Wozniakowska, P., D. W. Eaton, C. Deblonde, A. Mort, and O. H. Ardakani. Identification of regional structural corridors in the Montney play using trend surface analysis combined with geophysical imaging, British Columbia and Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328850.
Full textAbstract:
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) is a mature oil and gas basin with an extraordinary endowment of publicly accessible data. It contains structural elements of varying age, expressed as folding, faulting, and fracturing, which provide a record of tectonic activity during basin evolution. Knowledge of the structural architecture of the basin is crucial to understand its tectonic evolution; it also provides essential input for a range of geoscientific studies, including hydrogeology, geomechanics, and seismic risk analysis. This study focuses on an area defined by the subsurface extent of the Triassic Montney Formation, a region of the WCSB straddling the border between Alberta and British Columbia, and covering an area of approximately 130,000 km2. In terms of regional structural elements, this area is roughly bisected by the east-west trending Dawson Creek Graben Complex (DCGC), which initially formed in the Late Carboniferous, and is bordered to the southwest by the Late Cretaceous - Paleocene Rocky Mountain thrust and fold belt (TFB). The structural geology of this region has been extensively studied, but structural elements compiled from previous studies exhibit inconsistencies arising from distinct subregions of investigation in previous studies, differences in the interpreted locations of faults, and inconsistent terminology. Moreover, in cases where faults are mapped based on unpublished proprietary data, many existing interpretations suffer from a lack of reproducibility. In this study, publicly accessible data - formation tops derived from well logs, LITHOPROBE seismic profiles and regional potential-field grids, are used to delineate regional structural elements. Where seismic profiles cross key structural features, these features are generally expressed as multi-stranded or en echelon faults and structurally-linked folds, rather than discrete faults. Furthermore, even in areas of relatively tight well control, individual fault structures cannot be discerned in a robust manner, because the spatial sampling is insufficient to resolve fault strands. We have therefore adopted a structural-corridor approach, where structural corridors are defined as laterally continuous trends, identified using geological trend surface analysis supported by geophysical data, that contain co-genetic faults and folds. Such structural trends have been documented in laboratory models of basement-involved faults and some types of structural corridors have been described as flower structures. The distinction between discrete faults and structural corridors is particularly important for induced seismicity risk analysis, as the hazard posed by a single large structure differs from the hazard presented by a corridor of smaller pre-existing faults. We have implemented a workflow that uses trend surface analysis based on formation tops, with extensive quality control, combined with validation using available geophysical data. Seven formations are considered, from the Late Cretaceous Basal Fish Scale Zone (BFSZ) to the Wabamun Group. This approach helped to resolve the problem of limited spatial extent of available seismic data and provided a broader spatial coverage, enabling the investigation of structural trends throughout the entirety of the Montney play. In total, we identified 34 major structural corridors and number of smaller-scale structures, for which a GIS shapefile is included as a digital supplement to facilitate use of these features in other studies. Our study also outlines two buried regional foreland lobes of the Rocky Mountain TFB, both north and south of the DCGC.