Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SEISMIC FORCE'
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Leaf, Timothy D. "Investigation of the vertical distribution of seismic forces in the static force and equivalent lateral force procedures for seismic design of multistory buildings /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1136093311&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textManafpour, Alireza. "Force and displacement-based seismic design of RC buildings." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398834.
Full textZERBIN, Matteo. "Force-Based Seismic Design of Dual System RC Structures." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488041.
Full textLa progettazione sismica di strutture è tipicamente basato su un approccio progettuale basato sulle forze. Nel corso degli anni, questo approccio ha dimostrato di essere robusto e facile da applicare dai progettisti e, in combinazione con il principio di gerarchia delle resistenze, fornisce una buona protezione contro i meccanismi di collasso fragili. Tuttavia, è anche noto che l'approccio di progettazione in forze così come attuato nell’odierna generazione di normative soffre di alcune carenze. Uno di questi riguarda il fatto che il tagliante alla base è calcolato utilizzando un fattore di struttura predefinito, cioè costante per tipo di sistema strutturale. Di conseguenza, per lo stesso input di progettazione, strutture dello stesso tipo ma diversa geometria sono sottoposti ad una diversa domanda di duttilità e mostrano quindi una diversa prestazione durante un evento sismico. L'obiettivo di questo studio è quello di presentare un approccio per il calcolo fattori di struttura utilizzando modelli analitici semplici. Questi modelli analitici descrivono la deformata a snervamento e spostamento ultimo della struttura e richiedono solo dati di input disponibili all’inizio del processo di progettazione, quali dati geometrici e proprietà dei materiali. La deformata della struttura ottenuta dalle dimensioni delle sezioni e la capacità in termini di duttilità sezionale possono essere stimati all'inizio della progettazione. La duttilità è alla base della formulazione del fattore di struttura come proposto dai modelli analitici presentati. Tali modelli analitici permettono di collegare le duttilità sezionali alla duttilità strutturale e quindi calcolare una stima del fattore di struttura per struttura a pareti e a telaio. Infine, si sviluppa un approccio per strutture duali di tipo telaio-parete come combinazione di risultati ottenuti per i sistemi singoli. Il metodo proposto è applicato ad un insieme di strutture duali e validato con analisi dinamiche non lineari. Si dimostra che il metodo proposto produce una più accurata prestazione sismica rispetto all'approccio progettuale delle normative odierne. Il lavoro presentato contribuisce pertanto allo sviluppo di nuove linee guida per la progettazione sismica nella prossima generazione di normative.
Hague, Samuel Dalton. "Eccentrically braced steel frames as a seismic force resisting system." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15610.
Full textDepartment of Architectural Engineering
Kimberly Waggle Kramer
Braced frames are a common seismic lateral force resisting system used in steel structure. Eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) are a relatively new lateral force resisting system developed to resist seismic events in a predictable manner. Properly designed and detailed EBFs behave in a ductile manner through shear or flexural yielding of a link element. The link is created through brace eccentricity with either the column centerlines or the beam midpoint. The ductile yielding produces wide, balanced hysteresis loops, indicating excellent energy dissipation, which is required for high seismic events. This report explains the underlying research of the behavior of EBFs and details the seismic specification used in design. The design process of an EBF is described in detail with design calculations for a 2- and 5-story structure. The design process is from the AISC 341-10 Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings with the gravity and lateral loads calculated according to ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures. Seismic loads are calculated using the Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure. The final member sizes of the 2-story EBF are compared to the results of a study by Eric Grusenmeyer (2012). The results of the parametric study are discussed in detail.
Fuqua, Brandon W. "Buckling restrained braced frames as a seismic force resisting system." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1131.
Full textLi, Xinrong. "Reinforced concrete columns under seismic lateral force and varying axial load." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7593.
Full textMurphy, Michael. "Performance based evaluation of prequalified steel seismic force resisting structures in Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43701.
Full textStallbaumer, Cassandra. "Design comparison of hybrid masonry types for seismic lateral force resistance for low-rise buildings." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32534.
Full textArchitectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly W. Kramer
The term hybrid masonry describes three variations of a lateral force resisting system that utilizes masonry panels inside steel framing to resist lateral loads from wind or earthquakes. The system originates from the rich history of masonry in the construction industry and is currently used in low-rise, low-seismic, wind-governed locations within the United States. Considerable research is focused on hybrid systems to prove their validity in high-seismic applications. The three variations of hybrid masonry are known by number. Type I hybrid masonry utilizes the masonry panel as a non-load-bearing masonry shear wall. Shear loads from the diaphragm are transferred into the beam, through metal plates, and over an air gap to the top of the masonry panel. The masonry panel transfers the shear to the beam below the panel using compression at the toe of the wall and tension through the reinforcement that is welded to the beam supporting the masonry. Steel framing in this system is designed to resist all gravity loads and effects from the shear wall. Type II hybrid masonry utilizes the masonry as a load-bearing masonry shear wall. The masonry wall, which is constructed from the ground up, supports the floor live loads and dead load of the wall, as well as the lateral seismic load. Shear is transferred from the diaphragm to the steel beam and into the attached masonry panel via shear studs. The masonry panel transfers the seismic load using compression at the toe and opposite corner of the panel. Type III hybrid masonry also utilizes the masonry panel as a load-bearing masonry shear wall, but the load transfer mechanisms are more complicated since the panel is attached to the surrounding steel framing on all four sides of the panel. This study created standard building designs for hybrid systems and a standard moment frame system with masonry infill in order to evaluate the validity of Type I and II hybrid masonry. The hybrid systems were compared to the standard of a moment frame system based on constructability, design, and economics.
Bakr, Junied. "Displacement-based approach for seismic stability of retaining structures." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/displacementbased-approach-for-seismic-stability-of-retaining-structures(fed35f6a-9a0d-46ae-8607-1dc434dc7c28).html.
Full textLowe, Joshua Brian. "Quantifying Seismic Risk for Portable Ground Support Equipment at Vandenberg Air Force Base." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/269.
Full textZahid, Muhammad. "Active earth pressure from c-Ø soil subjected to surcharge and seismic loadings." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1823.
Full textWearing, Christopher. "Evaluation of force distribution within a dual special moment-resisting and special concentric-brace frame system." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35483.
Full textDepartment of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly W. Kramer
Dual Lateral Force Resisting Systems are currently required by code to include a Moment Resisting Frame capable of resisting at least 25% of the lateral loads. This thesis evaluates the seismic performance of a specific type of dual system: a Special Moment Resisting Frame-Special Concentric Brace Frame System (SMRF-SCBF) under three different force distributions. The three distributions were 80% - 20%, 75% - 25%, and 70% - 30% with the lesser force being allotted to the Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF) portion of the system. In order to evaluate the system, a parametric study was performed. The parametric study consisted of three SMRF-SCBF systems designed with different seismic force distributions. The aim of this study was to determine accuracy of the three different seismic force distributions. The accuracy was measured by comparing individual system models’ data and combined system models’ data. The data used for comparison included joint deflections (both horizontal and vertical), induced moments at moment connections, brace axial loads, column shears, and column base reactions. Two-dimensional models using the structural software RISA 3D were used to assist in designing the independent Seismic Force Resisting Systems. The designs of the frames were not finely tuned (smallest member size for strength), but were designed for drift (horizontal deflection) requirements and constructability issues. Connection designs were outside the scope of the study, except for constructability considerations – the SMRF and the SCBF did not have a common column; the frames were a bay apart connected with a link beam. The results indicated that a seismic force distribution of 75% to the SCBF and 25% to the SMRF most accurately predicts that frame’s behavior. A force distribution of 80% to the SCBF and 20% to the SMRF resulted in moderately accurate results as well. A vast opportunity for further research into this area of study exists. Alterations to the design process, consideration of wind loads, or additional force distributions are all recommended changes for further research into this topic.
Kunwar, Sushil. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Composite Core Walls for Low-Seismic Force and Wind Load Applications." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613750905724949.
Full textZhang, Zhi, and Zhi Zhang. "Analytical Investigation of Inertial Force-Limiting Floor Anchorage System for Seismic Resistant Building Structures." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625385.
Full textTaghikhany, Touraj. "Effect of variation of normal force on seismic performance of resilient sliding isolation systems." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145348.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第11134号
工博第2413号
新制||工||1321(附属図書館)
22703
UT51-2004-R10
京都大学大学院工学研究科土木システム工学専攻
(主査)教授 家村 浩和, 教授 スコーソン チャールズ, 教授 鈴木 祥之
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Dickof, Carla. "Clt infill panels in steel moment resisting frames as a hybrid seismic force resisting system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44209.
Full textNippress, Stuart. "Subduction body force stresses, deformation and mantle seismic anisotropy at the 410 and 660km phase transitions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420748.
Full textGuo, Zifan. "Numerical Analysis of Passive Force on Skewed Bridge Abutments." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6151.
Full textHite, Monique C. "Evaluation of the Performance of Bridge Steel Pedestals under Low Seismic Loads." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14485.
Full textCurtis, Joshua Rex. "Effect of Inclined Loading on Passive Force-Deflection Curves and Skew Adjustment Factors." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7255.
Full textShrestha, Santosh. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EQUIVALENT LATERAL FORCE METHOD AND RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS IN SEISMIC DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL FRAMES." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2561.
Full textKarakus, Hulya. "New Seismic Design Approaches For Block Type Quay Walls." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608584/index.pdf.
Full textGrusenmeyer, Eric. "Design comparison of ordinary concentric brace frames and special concentric brace frames for seismic lateral force resistance for low rise buildings." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14986.
Full textDepartment of Architectural Engineering
Kimberly Waggle Kramer
Braced frames are a common seismic lateral force resisting system used in steel structures. Ordinary concentric braced frames (OCBFs) and special concentric braced frames (SCBFs) are two major types of frames. Brace layouts vary for both OCBFs and SCBFs. This report examines the inverted-V brace layout which is one common arrangement. OCBFs are designed to remain in the elastic range during the design extreme seismic event. As a result, OCBFs have relatively few special requirements for design. SCBFs are designed to enter the inelastic range during the design extreme seismic event while remaining elastic during minor earthquakes and in resisting wind loads. To achieve this, SCBFs must meet a variety of stringent design and detailing requirements to ensure robust seismic performance characterized by high levels of ductility. The design of steel seismic force resisting systems must comply with the requirements of the American Institute of Steel Construction’s (AISC) Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. Seismic loads are determined in accordance with the American Society of Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures. Seismic loads are very difficult to predict as is the behavior of structures during a large seismic event. However, a properly designed and detailed steel structure can safely withstand the effects of an earthquake. This report examines a two-story office building in a region of moderately high seismic activity. The building is designed using OCBFs and SCBFs. This report presents the designs of both systems including the calculation of loads, the design of frame members, and the design and detailing of the connections. The purpose of this report is to examine the differences in design and detailing for the two braced frame systems.
GUPTA, ARUN KUMAR. "DETERMINATION OF SEISMIC PARAMETER OF RCC TALL BUILDING USING SHEAR CORE , SHEAR WALL AND SHEAR CORE WITH OUTRIGGER." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18840.
Full textSmith, Kyle Mark. "Passive Force on Skewed Bridge Abutments with Reinforced Concrete Wingwalls Based on Large-Scale Tests." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5577.
Full textQuezada, Eder, Yaneth Serrano, and Guillermo Huaco. "Dynamic Amplification Factor Proposal for Seismic Resistant Design of Tall Buildings with Rigid Core Structural System." Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653773.
Full textCurrently, there is an increase in the demand for tall buildings in the city of Lima. This research proposes to reduce the dynamic amplification factor through the seismic design of tall buildings based on the requirements of Peruvian code considering that they are regular in plan and height. Minimum base shear values according to the comparison of static seismic shear and dynamic shear from the spectral modal analysis were reviewed for cases of buildings larger than 120 m. The study of 28 reinforced concrete buildings was proposed, with different heights - varying from 24 to 36 floors, with different floor configurations, as well as the arrangement of the walls considering as a rigid core structural system. Additionally, the characteristics of the materials, the loads and combinations were defined. The responses of these buildings were determined by the response spectrum analysis (RSA) and then compared with those obtained by the lineal response history analysis (LRHA), for the last analysis, five Peruvian seismic records were used and scaled to 0.45 g. The seismic responses of the LRHA procedure were taken as a benchmark. The result of this study is the analysis and proposal of the C/R factor for high-rise buildings, as well as obtaining the base shear and drift verification. Minimum base shear values can be reduced for high or long-term buildings, being regular in plan and height.
Revisión por pares
Fredrickson, Amy. "Large-Scale Testing of Passive Force Behavior for Skewed Bridge Abutments with Gravel and Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Backfills." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5513.
Full textCastillo, Melgarejo Felix Alberto, and Delgado Orlando Junior Gonzales. "Verificación estructural del edificio Floresty usando elementos finitos embebidos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/1243.
Full textO'Brien, Patrick Emmet. "Characterizing the Load-Deformation Behavior of Steel Deck Diaphragms using Past Test Data." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78679.
Full textMaster of Science
Quezada, Ramos Eder Nel, Arone Yaneth Serrano, and Guillermo Huaco. "A comparative study of the seismic base shear force and story drift ratios using Time History and Modal Spectrum Analysis according to Peru Code E.030 and ASCE 7.16 on high-rise buildings." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656418.
Full textSince the last decade there is an important increase of high-rise buildings in Peru, especially in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to assess if the Peruvian Seismic Code is applicable for this type of buildings which have long natural periods as their main characteristic. The main objective of this article is to compare the results of the base shear and story drift ratios of Peruvian seismic design code E.030 with those of the ASCE 7-16 standard to the case of high-rise buildings, this due to the fact that there is limited information for tall buildings in Peru or comparison between national or international code for this type of structures. These high rise buildings have square and rectangular plan floors. Half of them have moment frames and reinforce concrete slab around the rigid core and the others have post-tensioned slab as their vertical load resisting system and central core walls with peripheral columns as the lateral force resisting system. Hence, the response spectrum analysis (RSA) is carried out for every case of the four tall buildings with different configurations using both seismic codes. Then results are compared with the linear response history analysis (LRHA) considering five Peruvian ground motions records, which were scaled to 0.45g PGA. It was verified that generally both the base shear and the interstory drifts calculated using ASCE7-16 are less than that obtained with the seismic code E.030.
Johnson, Curtis Mathias. "A comparison of Reduced Beam Section moment connection and Kaiser Bolted Bracket® moment connections in steel Special Moment Frames." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/36233.
Full textDepartment of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly W. Kramer
Of seismic steel lateral force resisting systems in practice today, the Moment Frame has most diverse connection types. Special Moment frames resist lateral loads through energy dissipation of the inelastic deformation of the beam members. The 1994 Northridge earthquake proved that the standard for welded beam-column connections were not sufficient to prevent damage to the connection or failure of the connection. Through numerous studies, new methods and standards for Special Moment Frame connections are presented in the Seismic Design Manual 2nd Edition to promote energy dissipation away from the beam-column connection. A common type of SMF is the Reduce Beams Section (RBS). To encourage inelastic deformation away from the beam-column connection, the beam flange’s dimensions are reduced a distance away from the beam-column connection; making the member “weaker” at that specific location dictating where the plastic hinging will occur during a seismic event. The reduction is usually taken in a semi-circular pattern. Another type of SMF connection is the Kaiser Bolted Bracket® (KBB) which consists of brackets that stiffen the beam-column connection. KBB connections are similar to RBS connections as the stiffness is higher near the connection and lower away from the connection. Instead of reducing the beam’s sectional properties, KBB uses a bracket to stiffen the connection. The building used in this parametric study is a 4-story office building. This thesis reports the results of the parametric study by comparing two SMF connections: Reduced Beam Section and Kaiser Bolted Brackets. This parametric study includes results from three Seismic Design Categories; B, C, and D, and the use of two different foundation connections; fixed and pinned. The purpose of this parametric study is to compare member sizes, member forces, and story drift. The results of Seismic Design Category D are discussed in depth in this thesis, while the results of Seismic Design Category B and C are provided in the Appendices.
Just, Paul J. III. "A State of the Art Review of Special Plate Shear Walls." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155417.
Full textYzema, Fritz Alemagne. "États limites ultimes de cadres en acier isolés sismiquement avec des amortisseurs élastomères et des contreventements en chevrons." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5347.
Full textNicknam, Ahmad. "Non-linear analysis of reinforced concrete structures subjected to transient forces." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1432.
Full textGardiner, Debra Rachel. "Design Recommendations and Methods for Reinforced Concrete Floor Diaphragms Subjected to Seismic Forces." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6993.
Full textChiewanichakorn, Methee. "Stability of thin precast concrete wall panels subjected to gravity and seismic forces." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10450.
Full textDekker, Nicholas M. "Dynamic Analysis and Seismic Retrofit of the Point Sur Lighthouse." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2192.
Full textHarrison, Stella, and Siri Nöjd. "Influence of Foundation Modelling on the Seismic Response of a Concrete Dam." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300448.
Full textDet är nödvändigt att säkerställa dammars säkerhet mot jordbävningar i design-processen eftersom ett dammbrott kan få katastrofala konsekvenser. Traditionellt används förenklade beräkningar där dammens strukturella respons beräknas med en berggrund där bergets massa är försummad. Den senaste tiden har flera nya analysmetoder tagits fram, som tar hänsyn till bergets massa och är modellerade med absorberande randvillkor och free-field forces. De nyare metoderna förväntas modellera de seismiska krafterna mer exakt för att optimera designen och minimera onödiga reparationer. Syftet med projektet var att undersöka inverkan från olika metoders sätt att beakta berggrunden vid seismiska analyser. Det utfördes genom att jämföra den etablerade masslösa metoden med två metoder som beaktar bergmassan och free-fieldforces; den analytiska metoden av Song et al. (2018) och Direct FE-metoden av Løkke (2018). Både effektiviteten i den seismiska vågutbredningssimuleringen och dammens strukturella respons var av intresse. Modelleringsmetoderna jämfördes genom att studera punkter på både dammen och berget. När enbart berggrunden studerades med den masslösa metoden så erhölls, som förväntat, god överenstämmelse med den ideala teoretiska hastigheten på bergsytan. De analytiska och Direct FE metoderna skiljde sig marginellt från det teoretiska värdet men gav fortfarande en korrekt hastighet på bergsytan. Vid analys av modeller med dam och reservoar inkluderade, gav metoderna som använde free-field forces ekvivalenta och realistiska strukturella responser. Den masslösa metoden däremot, överskattade kraftigt dammens respons och ansågs därför inte modelleradet verkliga beteendet hos dammen på ett korrekt sätt, trots modifieringar med ökad materialdämpning i betongen. Ett annat syfte var att analysera påverkan av modellering i 2D kontra 3D för att bestämma dammens dynamiska egenskaper, som egenfrekvenser och egenmoder. Dessa frekvensanalyser gjordes med hjälp av modeller som både beaktade och försummade bergets massa, och jämfördes med experimentella data. Den masslösa 3D-modellen visade sig vara den mest effektiva modelleringsmetoden för att erhållade dynamiska egenskaperna hos dammen. Det eftersom en 3D-modell var nödvändig för att studera hela dammens beteende och hantering av utdata var förenklad vid användning av den masslösa modellen.
Mikhaltsevitch, Vassili Timofeevitch. "Investigations of Elastic Properties of Isotropic and Anisotropic Rocks at Seismic Frequencies Using Forced-Oscillation Experiments." Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59144.
Full text葛, 漢彬, Hanbin GE, 豪. 河野, Takeshi KONO, 勉. 宇佐美, and Tsutomu USAMI. "圧縮と曲げを受ける鋼部材セグメントの終局ひずみと鋼アーチ橋の動的耐震照査への応用." 土木学会, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8545.
Full textNiraula, Manjil. "BEHAVIOR AND DESIGN OF THE CRITICAL MEMBER IN STRUCTURES WITH IN-PLANE DISCONTINUOUS BRACED FRAMES." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2751.
Full textGao, Guochao. "Contribution to seismic modeling and imaging in the presence of reflector roughness." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDM0010.
Full textDue to various geological processes and crustal movements, rough interfaces widely exist within the Earth. The rough interface can strongly affect seismic wave propagation, manifested as changes in the amplitude, phase, scattering angle, frequency content, and even the wave-type conversion. Inevitably, the quality of seismic imaging or inversion is also greatly influenced. Despite the numerous works devoted to the interaction of waves with rough interfaces, this interaction remains to be better understood, as it is still quite challenging to model the seismic wave propagation and to properly reconstruct the subsurface. The thesis investigates the effect of rough interfaces on seismic wave modeling and imaging, and explores the potential of an electromagnetic method to remove this effect and to better image the subsurface.We use a spectral-element method, and more specifically the code SPECFEM2D, for modeling acoustic wave propagation in the time domain. First, we consider a sinusoidal grating and illustrate numerically the consequences of the grating equation on the temporal signals. Then, using f-k analysis, we show the location of the different diffraction orders in the frequency-wavenumber domain. After a sensitivity analysis, we select an appropriate configuration that allows for the separation of diffraction orders from a shot gather. Last, both roughness height and correlation length are shown to obviously influence the appearance of the diffracted wavefield. However, the correlation length has less effect on the energy of the diffracted waves than the interface roughness.We adopt a full-waveform inversion (FWI) scheme based on the software package DENISE to study the influence of different roughness heights and correlation lengths on seismic imaging results. When the roughness height increases up to the dominant wavelength or is greater, the random noise dominates in the seismic data, and the FWI results significantly deteriorate, especially for the reconstruction of a horizontal reflector located below the rough interface. In contrast, the correlation length has a much smaller effect on both random noise and quality of the inverted results than the roughness height. As shown here, the interface roughness has a major impact on both seismic wave propagation and imaging. When a rough interface is expected to be present in the subsurface, its effect should be critically considered in FWI, in order to properly reconstruct reflectors possibly located below, and then to properly interpret images of the subsurface. In this context, we perform some preliminary tests on the use of a selective extinction method to remove the impact of the roughness on the wavefields. The results are promising and show the potential of the method for better imaging. In addition, the standard deviation of the amplitude of the processed data may be used to evaluate the characteristics of the rough interface, which is also of interest for geophysicists and geologists
Michel, Kenan. "Distribution of Lateral Forces on Reinforced Masonry Bracing Elements Considering Inelastic Material Behavior - Deformation-Based Matrix Method -." Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75156.
Full textGilardet, Mathieu. "Étude d’algorithmes de restauration d’images sismiques par optimisation de forme non linéaire et application à la reconstruction sédimentaire." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3040/document.
Full textWe present a new method for seismic image restoration. When observed, a seismic image is the result of an initial deposit system that has been transformed by a set of successive geological deformations (folding, fault slip, etc) that occurred over a large period of time. The goal of seismic restoration consists in inverting the deformations to provide a resulting image that depicts the geological deposit system as it was in a previous state. With our contribution, providing a tool that quickly generates restored images helps the geophysicists to recognize geological features that may be too strongly altered in the observed image. The proposed approach is based on a minimization process that expresses geological deformations in terms of geometrical constraints. We use a quickly-converging Gauss-Newton approach to solve the system. We provide results to illustrate the seismic image restoration process on real data and present how the restored version can be used in a geological interpretation framework
Taffarel, Sabrina. "Metodi speditivi per la valutazione della vulnerabilità sismica del costruito storico: approccio all'incertezza nelle forme di aggregazione complessa a diversa scala." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421936.
Full textLa previsione dell’impatto causato da un evento sismico in termini di effetti sulle costruzioni esistenti in una data area richiede la conoscenza del comportamento dinamico che tali strutture possono manifestare. La procedura da adottare risulta particolarmente complessa e ancor più onerosa in termini economici, di tempo e operativi, se lo studio è riferito a interi complessi costruttivi e non a singoli edifici. La definizione di percorsi metodologici che mirino al rispetto del principio di sostenibilità economica, oltre a quello di salvaguardia della vita umana e di preservazione nonché tutela del patrimonio è prerogativa necessaria per uno studio di vulnerabilità sismica adeguato alle risorse disponibili. Il presente lavoro di tesi si pone l’obiettivo di sviluppare procedure utili alla riduzione e gestione dell’incertezza, oltre alla valutazione dell’affidabilità dell’informazione insita nello studio di forme di aggregazione complessa a diversa scala, con particolare riferimento alle costruzioni esistenti in aggregato in muratura. A tal fine, lo studio della vulnerabilità non può prescindere dalla conoscenza del costruito, in cui il livello di informazione è strettamente legato all’estensione della scala di analisi. L’aumento della scala si traduce in una diminuzione nel dettaglio e qualità (attendibilità) dei dati disponibili allo studio, che risultano spesso caratterizzati da incertezza. Al contempo, non è economicamente sostenibile perseguire azioni finalizzate a colmare tali lacune attraverso l’adozione di approcci tradizionali, che richiedano l’esecuzione di completi rilievi in sito. L’elaborato di tesi si propone quindi di trarre il massimo profitto dallo studio e dalla messa a sistema di informazioni sul costruito già disponibili, e al contempo di individuare strategie finalizzate a colmare approcci metodologici lacunosi affrontando lo studio da un punto di vista parametrico o probabilistico. Si persegue quindi l’adozione di procedure di analisi dei dati in forma aggregata e di utilizzo di strumenti informativi geografici e database finalizzate all’analisi di informazioni già a disposizione sul costruito ma raccolte con finalità diverse dallo studio di vulnerabilità su scala territoriale. Viene posta l’attenzione alla definizione di procedure per la valutazione della vulnerabilità su ampia scala che adottino approcci meccanici di tipo analitico attraverso curve di fragilità del costruito, in cui l’attenzione sia posta in primis alla gestione dell’incertezza insita nei dati allo studio, superata attraverso l’utilizzo di approcci deterministici (parametrici) o probabilistici (definizione di dati non noti a partire da altri noti). Un approfondimento ad una scala di maggior dettaglio viene inoltre fornito al fine di individuare idonee modalità di rappresentazione semplificata delle condizioni al contorno nell’analisi sismica di porzioni di edificio in contesto aggregato. L’intero percorso proposto è integrato con applicazioni a casi studio diversi per morfologia, tipologia e sismicità (centro storico di Timisoara –RO-, borghi minori in provincia de L’Aquila, beni tutelati presso le provincie di Verona, Vicenza e Rovigo, chiese colpite dagli eventi sismici del 2012 in Emilia Romagna e Veneto) appositamente selezionati al fine di validare e calibrare le procedure adottate su contesti eterogenei.
Roberts, Mark Alvin. "Full waveform inversion of walk-away VSP data." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GLOB0020.
Full textDepletion of the earth’s hydrocarbon reserves has led to exploration and production in increasingly complex environments. Imaging beneath allochthonous salt (e. G. Salt domes) remains a challenging task for seismic techniques due to the large velocity contrast of the salt with neighbouring sediments and the very complex structures generated by salt movement. Extensive allochthonous salt sheets cover many potentially productive regions in the deep-water Gulf of Mexico. Drilling through the base of salt is an extremely challenging task due to widely varying pore-pressure found in the sediments beneath. Seismic methods to estimate the seismic velocity can be used in conjunction with empirical formula to predict the pore pressure. However, accurate measurements are often not possible from surface reflection seismic data, so walk-away Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) data has been used. This involves repeatedly firing a seismic source at various distances from the borehole (usually an airgun array) while recording the velocities measured by geophones in the borehole placed at appropriate depths near the base of the salt. Before this thesis, the data had been processed using the amplitude versus angle information in a simple one-dimension approximation or using travel time information (also using a 1D assumption). In this thesis, I have used 2D full waveform inversion to tackle the problem of velocity estimation. This has the advantage of simultaneously inverting the whole dataset (including transmitted waves, reflected waves, converted waves) and the method includes traveltime and amplitude information. The inversion was performed using local inversion methods due to the size of the inverse problem and the cost of the forward problem. Concerns over large sensitivity variations, that are inherent in the data acquisition, have lead to an examination of the Gauss-Newton method and possible preconditioning matrices for the conjugate gradient method. Due to the poorly constrained nature of the inverse problem, a smoothness constraint has been applied with an innovative preconditioning method. The methodology has been applied to real data and the pore pressure has been predicted using the well established Eaton equation. In addition, the sub-salt structure was recovered, further demonstrating the value of this technique
Diaz, Calderon Alvaro Emilio, and Ventocilla Brigitte Carolina Meniz. "Evaluación estructural de reservorios apoyados de concreto armado en Lima Metropolitana considerando la norma ACI 350-06 y las normativas peruanas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626005.
Full textIn the present thesis has been carried out the structural assessment of five round ground concrete tanks, built between 1977 and 1997, and located in high seismic risk areas in Lima Metropolitana in moderately rigid soils, with the objective of demonstrating if these structures still preserve an adequate structural design base on the current standards and consequently, if they will be able to withstand a severe seismic event and, hence, continue with their service. In order to model and determine the response of the tanks, the Housner’s rigid equivalent model was used, obtaining this way the impulsive and convective masses, which were modeled in the software SAP2000 with the ACI 350.3-06 standard and the E.030 Peruvian standard. Regarding on the determination of the resistant forces, in order to carry out the corresponding structural evaluation, the Peruvian standard “Concreto Armado E.060” was utilized. With regard to the results of the verifications carried out, it was observed that the reservoirs under study do not maintain an adequate structural design in terms of the current seismic solicitations. These deficiencies are reflected in horizontal reinforcement deficit by shear force on the walls, minimum amount of vertical rebar by shear on the walls, reinforcement in the base of the wall by tangential bending moment, rebar required in the beam by radial tensile force, and rebar in the end of the dome by radial traction; so these structures, in the presence of a severe seismic event, are exposed to structural failures.
Tesis
Beres, Jan. "Caractérisation de l'anisotropie d'une plate-forme carbonatée karsifiée : approche méthodologique conjointe sismique et électrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880759.
Full textJanošková, Lenka. "Dynamická analýza konstrukce zatížené seismickým zatížením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226464.
Full textWang, Yi. "Imagerie haute résolution des structures lithosphériques par inversion de formes d'ondes P télésismiques courte période." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30018.
Full textSeismic tomography allows us to image the Earth's interior based on surface observations of seismic waves. The full waveform inversion (FWI) method has the potential to improve tomographic images for the fine scale structures of the lithosphere. For this reason it receives a lot of attention of seismologists. FWI requires an efficient and precise numerical techniques to solve the elastic wave equation in 3D heterogeneous media. Its resolution potential is limited by the shortest wavelength in the seismic wavefield and the wavefield sampling density. Because of the high computational cost of modeling the propagation of seismic waves in heterogeneous media, FWI remains challenging. However, owing to the progress in high performance computational resources and numerical simulation techniques, as well as the deployment of permanent and temporary broadband arrays in the last two decades, this situation has changed dramatically. In this thesis, we focus on the high resolution imaging of lithospheric structure beneath the Pyrenean range by FWI, to quantify the highly controversial amount of convergence that occurred during the formation of this mountain range. In order to obtain finely resolved tomographic images, we exploit short period teleseismic P waves recorded by dense transects. We use a hybrid method that couples a global wave propagation method in a 1D Earth model to a 3D spectral-element method in a regional domain. A boundary coupling approach is used to match the global and regional wavefields on the boundaries of the regional domain. This hybrid method restricts the costly 3D computations inside the regional domain, which dramatically decreases the computational cost. The hybrid method can model teleseismic wavefields down to 1s period, accounting for all the complexities that may affect the propagation of seismic waves in the 3D regional domain. By using this hybrid method, the sensitivity kernels of the least square waveform misfit function with respect to elastic and density perturbations in the regional domain are computed with the adjoint state method. These waveform sensitivity kernels are used in an iterative L-BFGS algorithm to invert broad-band waveform data recorded by two dense transects deployed during the temporary PYROPE experiment across the Pyrenees mountains. We obtain the first high resolution lithospheric sections of compressional and shear velocities across the Pyrenean orogenic belt. The tomographic models provide clear evidence for the underthrust of the thinned Iberian crust beneath the European plate and for the important role of rift-inherited mantle structures during the formation of the Pyrenees