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1
Liu, Yue Wei, and Yang Zhou. "Seismic Rotations and Rotational Seismic Input for Building Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1953.
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The rotational seismic inputs for building design were discussed. The free ground rotations and the relation between free ground rotations and basement rotations were derived. The results show that the relation depends on the basement size, site and seismic frequency. For most building, the differences between the free ground rotations and the basement rotations are small. The suggestion is that for tall buildings the free ground rotations can be taken as the seismic input, but for low-rise building with large basement, the response spectra in short period region should be reduced.
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Liu, Zihao. "Review Seismic Properties High-Rise Building Structures." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 10 (August 16, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v10i.1209.
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With the continuous innovation and reform of the construction industry, the research methods of seismic performance of high-rise building structures have changed. The effect of seismic performance affects the quality and safety of high-rise buildings. For another, earthquake disasters threaten people's life and property safety, and also affect building safety. The seismic performance of buildings should be fully considered in the structural design of high-rise buildings, strictly control the key points of seismic design and improve the seismic performance of high-rise building structures. Combined with the content of seismic performance design of high-rise buildings, this paper discusses the problems existing in the design, and puts forward the corresponding solutions.
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Mays, Timothy Wayne. "Seismic Design of Lightweight Metal Building Systems." Earthquake Spectra 17, no. 1 (February 2001): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586165.
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As a result of failures uncovered after the Northridge earthquake, the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings has become extremely stringent in its design provisions for moment frame structures. Although the changes are justified, they are not necessary for every type of building system. Some structures can be safely designed to resist earthquake forces elastically without concern of structural collapse. Metal buildings are typically lightweight, and small inertia forces from the design earthquake will not usually result in an inelastic response of a system that is properly designed to resist wind forces. In this paper, metal building systems are analyzed using an equivalent lateral force method and a linear time history analysis to show that typical metal building systems will respond elastically to the design earthquake. Specifically, using the International Building Code along with the aforementioned document, it is shown in the following sections that for lightweight metal building structures, adherence to the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings is not required in most cases except for locations on the West Coast and a few regions east of the Rocky Mountains. Elastic design methodology is discussed and design recommendations applicable to metal building systems are provided.
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Kuramoto, Hiroshi. "A Short Note for Dr. Watabe’s Review in 1974." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0357.
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In the preceding article, I reviewed two seismic design codes of the Building Standard Law of Japan, revised in 1981 and 2000, with the transition of Japanese seismic design codes. Having read the 1974 review by Dr. Makoto Watabe, I was most impressed by his comprehensive understanding of seismic structural systems for buildings – an understanding that is fresh even today, more than 3 decades later. He moves from the basic principles for seismic building design to earthquake-resistant properties of building. The general seismic design principles of buildings he has reviewed are very sound and introduced both in current seismic design codes I have reviewed and the seismic design of super high-rise buildings over 60 m high.
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Han, Jong-Bom. "Research on determining the aseismic performance level of reinforced concrete building." International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 5, no. 2 (August 26, 2021): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijau.v5i2.6682.
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In seismic design based on performance, seismic performance level is determined based on failure state of the building and seismic design objective is set according to the importance of the buildings. In many countries, they calculate the seismic reaction of the buildings with the use of structural design programs to check the aseismic performance through the nonlinear static analysis method. In this paper, we established seismic performance levels and aseismic design objective to design on the basis of design objective according to the three levels in Seismic Design Code of Building, DPR Korea, 2010.
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Naghshineh, Ali, Ashutosh Bagchi, and Fariborz M. Tehrani. "Seismic Resilience and Design Factors of Inline Seismic Friction Dampers (ISFDs)." Eng 4, no. 3 (July 18, 2023): 2015–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4030114.
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While damping devices can provide supplemental damping to mitigate building vibration due to wind or earthquake effects, integrating them into the design is more complex. For example, the Canadian code does not provide building designs with inline friction dampers. The objective of this present article was to study the overstrength, ductility, and response modification factors of concrete frame buildings with inline friction dampers in the Canadian context. For that purpose, a set of four-, eight-, and fourteen-story ductile concrete frames with inline seismic friction dampers, designed based on the 2015 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC), was considered. The analyses included pushover analysis in determining seismic characteristics and dynamic response history analysis using twenty-five ground motion records to assess the seismic performance of the buildings equipped with inline seismic friction dampers. The methodology considered diagonal braces, including different 6 m and 8 m span lengths. The discussion covers the prescribed design values for overstrength, ductility, and response modification factors, as well as the performance assessment of the buildings. The results revealed that increasing the height of the structure and reducing the span length increases the response modification factors.
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Yang, Lei. "Study on Optimization Seismic Design of Tall Building Structure." World Construction 4, no. 2 (June 28, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v4i2.47.
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<p>The heavy casualties and property losses caused by the earthquake this huge disaster, making high-rise building seismic become the focus of attention. Our new building seismic design code (GB50011-2001) (hereinafter referred to as "Seismic Design Code”) continue to be used (GBJ-89) specification to determine the "three earthquake performance objectives, two-stage design step" seismic design, and made many important supplement and perfect. The new seismic design of buildings in terms of requirements for introducing means as constraints optimization design, optimization design closer to engineering practice.</p>
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Yang, Lei. "Study on Optimization Seismic Design of Tall Building Structure." World Construction 4, no. 2 (June 28, 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wcj.v4i2.5.
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<p>The heavy casualties and property losses caused by the earthquake this huge disaster, making high-rise building seismic become the focus of attention. Our new building seismic design code (GB50011-2001) (hereinafter referred to as "Seismic Design Code”) continue to be used (GBJ-89) specification to determine the "three earthquake performance objectives, two-stage design step" seismic design, and made many important supplement and perfect. The new seismic design of buildings in terms of requirements for introducing means as constraints optimization design, optimization design closer to engineering practice.</p>
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Yang, Zedong. "Comparison of seismic structure design in the world." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 28 (December 31, 2022): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v28i.4063.
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Aseismic performance is one of the important technical indexes of modern buildings, which has been written into the building codes in various countries. Aseismic structure design is to enhance the stability of the building structure, ensure the safety of the building when the earthquake disaster occurs, reduce the loss and casualties. Since ancient times, innovations have been made in the design of seismic structures worldwide, especially in areas with high earthquake incidence. It was found in the previous research that the calculation method and design of seismic structures in American and Chinese building codes are different. Based on the interest of aseismic design, this paper summarizes the traditional and new aseismic structures. This paper first introduces several commonly used aseismic structures, such as multi-storey masonry, frame and seismic wall construction. Then this paper introduces the characteristics and differences of aseismic structure design in different countries from the modern and ancient time dimensions. In the end, Finally, it is concluded that the seismic structures are different due to the differences of geography, culture and climate in various countries. We can learn from the seismic structure analysis of ancient buildings that Aseismic structure design does not have to resist earthquake, but can reduce the damage of earthquake to the building by reducing the seismic force of the building.
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Malhotra, Praveen K. "Seismic Risk and Design Loads." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 1 (February 2006): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2161185.
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The 2003 International Building Code seismic design procedures do not result in uniform risk throughout the country. A comparison is made between the expected lifetime damage to two identical buildings—one in the western United States and other in the central United States. The seismic design accelerations are the same for these buildings, but the expected lifetime damage is very different. The causes of this difference are discussed in the paper.
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Hampshire De C. Santos, Sergio, Luca Zanaica, Carmen Bucur, and Silvio De Souza Lima. "Comparative Study of Codes for Seismic Design of Structures." Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mmce-2013-0001.
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Abstract This paper presents a comparative evaluation among some international, European and American, seismic design standards. The study considers the criteria for the analysis of conventional (residential and commercial) buildings. The study is focused on some critical topics: definition of the recurrence periods for establishing the seismic input; definition of the seismic zonation and shape of the design response spectra; consideration of local soil conditions; definition of the seismic force-resisting systems and respective response modification coefficients; definition of the allowable procedures for the seismic analysis. A model for a standard reinforced concrete building (“Model Building”) has been developed to permit the comparison among codes. This building has been modelled with two different computer programs, SAP2000 and SOFiSTiK and subjected to seismic input according to the several seismic codes. The obtained results compared are leading to some important conclusions.
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Abass, Haider Ali, and Husain Khalaf Jarallah. "Seismic Evaluation and Retrofitting of an Existing Buildings-State of the Art." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 24, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 52–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.24010052.
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In this study, previous researches were reviewed in relation to the seismic evaluation and retrofitting of an existing building. In recent years, a considerable number of researches has been undertaken to determine the performance of buildings during the seismic events. Performance based seismic design is a modern approach to earthquake resistant design of reinforcement concrete buildings. Performance based design of building structures requires rigorous non-linear static analysis. In general, nonlinear static analysis or pushover analysis was conducted as an efficient instrument for performance-based design. Pushover analysis came into practice after 1970 year. During the seismic event, a nonlinear static analysis or pushover analysis is used to analyze building under gravity loads and monotonically increasing lateral forces. These building were evaluated until a target displacement reached. Pushover analysis provides a better understanding of buildings seismic performance, also it traces the progression of damage and failure of structural components of buildings.
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Semdok, Choimei Moileen, and Babita Saini. "Performance Based Seismic Design of Steel Structure Using Non-Linear Dynamic Analysis." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1236, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1236/1/012005.
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Abstract In the recent decades, it was observed that the performance of buildings that were designed using the traditional building codes were not satisfactory under seismic effects. There was increased demand for buildings that would not only provide life safety under the design earthquake and prevent collapse under major earthquakes, but also include other performance objectives such as the time taken for the building to be occupied post-earthquake, cost of repair and so on. This resulted in the research and development of a performance based seismic design that would incorporate these demands in the design. This study presents a performance based seismic design of a 5-storey steel special moment resisting frame building by using non-linear dynamic analysis to meet multiple performance objectives. The seismic performance was evaluated based on the confidence level, which indicates the ability of the building to meet the target performance objective, determined for the inter-storey drift parameter, using the guidelines given in FEMA-350. The results show that the designed building satisfies the minimum confidence level requirement for each performance objective. The study concludes that performance based seismic design proves to be a reliable method for design of buildings that provide enhanced seismic performance.
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Nouchi, E., N. G. Wariyatno, A. L. Han, and B. S. Gan. "Comfort-based Criteria for Evaluating Seismic Strengthening Performance of Building." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1195, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1195/1/012002.
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Abstract In modern seismic design and technologies, the building’s seismic-resistant based on non-collapse plastic deformation. According to the periodical reports of the Japan Meteorological Agency, the number of people injured due to strong earthquakes is much higher than the number of deaths. Also, the number of buildings collapsed is less than the partly damaged buildings. The report also concludes that human injuries or deaths are not a result of the collapsed building. Human injuries or deaths are due to shakings when strong earthquakes strike the building. The cause of human casualties is the collapse of non-structural elements such as ceilings, bookshelves, or machinery appliances. The report implies that the buildings designed by the latest revised seismic standards have good earthquake resistance but fail to protect human casualties. Present works proposed comfort-based criteria for evaluating the quantitative shaking of buildings. The use of comfort-based criteria is demonstrated in evaluating the strengthening case studies selection processes. The study revealed that, in general, the seismic strengthening of a building by using bracings is not effective in reducing the shaking of the building. The proposed method highly recommends using shaking quantity criteria as an evaluation tool in the seismic strengthening design of buildings to select the best output in decision-making.
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Hu, Xiji, Xingquan Li, Mingwei Zuo, and Wazid Michalak. "Complexity Reduction for the Architecture Design of Large-Scale Public Buildings Based on Seismic Structure Simulation Technology." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (June 14, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3186744.
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In order to improve the seismic effect of large-scale public building architecture design, this paper studies the large-scale public building architecture design with the support of seismic structure simulation technology and improves the large-scale public building architecture design effect through simulation research. Furthermore, on the basis of the construction of the seismic performance evaluation system and the determination of the index weight, this paper assigns the index data to the sample table of the seismic performance checklist and establishes the seismic performance evaluation model based on the gray fixed-weight clustering method. Furthermore, using the seismic structure modeling technique described in this study, this paper assesses the seismic performance of public buildings. Finally, through experimental research, this paper verifies that the design method of large-scale public building architecture based on seismic structure simulation technology has certain practical effects.
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Kuramoto, Hiroshi. "Seismic Design Codes for Buildings in Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0341.
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Two revised seismic design codes in the Building Standard Law of Japan, which were revised in 1981 and 2000, are simply reviewed with the transition of Japanese seismic design code in this paper. The central feature of the seismic code revised in 1981 was the introduction of a two-phase earthquake design. Allowable stress design was employed for first-phase earthquake design targeting the safety and serviceability of buildings during medium-level earthquake activity. Second-phase earthquake design, which is ultimate strength design, was added to provide safety against severe earthquake motion. On the other hand, the seismic code revised in 2000 precisely defines performance requirements and verification based on accurate earthquake response and limit states of a building. The capacity spectrummethod is used for evaluating the earthquake response. The code is applicable to any type of material and buildings such as seismic isolation systems as long as material properties are well defined and structural behavior is appropriately estimated.
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Panthi, Ashim, Ashin Lamsal, Binod Pathak, Kishor Poudel, and Bharat Pradhan. "Design Demands of RC Buildings Due to Irregularities." Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management 8, no. 1 (June 23, 2023): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jacem.v8i1.55915.
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The RC-framed building is one of the most common construction technique for seismic-resistant structures due to its ductile nature. However, the seismic performance of RC structures can be significantly influenced by different factors, irregularities being one of the most important aspect. Irregularities on buildings increase the lateral seismic forces and inter-storey drifts thus increasing seismic demands in the structural elements. Due to architectural or functional requirements, many times irregularities cannot be avoided even though such arrangements are discouraged in the building codes including the Nepal National Building Code (NBC) 105:2020. Although many studies have been performed to quantify the effects of such irregularities internationally, design effect has not been analyzed in the context of Nepal and NBC 105:2020. Therefore, this study aims to present the variation in design demand for RC buildings in different irregularities scenarios. Three buildings models exhibiting irregularities in torsion, stiffness, and diaphragm are taken and analyzed in Finite Element platform SAP 2000 and compared with a regular building in terms of storey drift, internal forces, etc. The final design of the structural elements shows that the design demand in terms of section size and reinforcements can be significantly influenced by the presence of such irregularities.
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Sprague, Harold O., and Nicholas A. Legatos. "Nonbuilding Structures Seismic Design Code Developments." Earthquake Spectra 16, no. 1 (February 2000): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586087.
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The building code development process has traditionally given little effort to developing the seismic design process of nonbuilding structures. This has created some unique problems and challenges for the structural engineers that design these types of structures. The intended seismic performance requirements for “building” design are based on life safety and collapse prevention. Structural elements in buildings are allowed to yield as a method of seismic energy dissipation. The seismic performance of nonbuilding structures varies depending on the specific type of nonbuilding structure. Nonlinear behavior in some nonbuilding structures is unacceptable while other nonbuilding structures may be allowed to yield during an earthquake. Nonbuilding structures comprise a vast myriad of structures constructed of all types of materials, with markedly different dynamic characteristics, and with a wide range of performance requirements. This paper discusses the development of codes, design practices, and future of the seismic design criteria for nonbuilding structures.
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Humar, JagMohan, Soheil Yavari, and Murat Saatcioglu. "Design for forces induced by seismic torsion." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-029.
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Eccentricities between the centres of rigidity and centres of mass in a building cause torsional motion during an earthquake. Seismic torsion leads to increased displacement at the extremes of the building and may cause distress in the lateral load-resisting elements located at the edges, particularly in buildings that are torsionally flexible. For an equivalent static load method of design against torsion, the 1995 National Building Code of Canada specifies values of the eccentricity of points through which the inertia forces of an earthquake should be applied. In general, the code requirements are quite conservative. They do not place any restriction on the torsional flexibility, however. New proposals for 2005 edition of the code which simplify the design eccentricity expressions and remove some of the unnecessary conservatism are described. The new proposals will require that a dynamic analysis method of design be used when the torsional flexibility of the building is large. Results of analytical studies, which show that the new proposals would lead to satisfactory design, are presented.Key words: torsional response to earthquake, natural torsion, accidental torsion, design for torsion, National Building Code of Canada, interdependence of strength and stiffness.
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Suriani, Efa. "KAJIAN STUDI ALTERNATIF DESAIN BANGUNAN TERHADAP BEBAN LATERAL PADA BANGUNAN TINGGI." NALARs 22, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/nalars.22.1.35-48.
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ABSTRAK. Kondisi tektonik Indonesia terletak pada pertemuan lempeng besar dunia dan kecil, sehingga memberi dampak bahwa wilayah tersebut berpotensi akan sering terjadi gempa. Kota Surabaya dikategorikan sebagai ibukota yang cukup padat, sehingga potensi terjadinya bahaya gempa bumi yang berasal dari sesar Kendeng terbukti aktif serta melakukan pergerakan 5 milimeter per tahun. Menyadari fenomena tersebut merupakan hal yang mutlak sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam mendisain dan membangun bangunan di wilayah seluruh Indonesia. Sebagai usaha memperkuat pembelajaran terutama pengenalan desain seismik pada mahasiswa Arsitektur, sehingga perlu diteliti prinsip (faktor) yang mempengaruhi desain seismik dengan studi kasus adalah gedung perpustakaan kampus I UINSA, sebagai kajian studi alternatif desain bangunan terhadap ketahanan gedung akibat beban lateral. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan software Resist 4,0. Prinsip atau faktor desain seismik yang mempengaruhi pada bangunan bertingkat yaitu, informasi detail konstruksi gedung, rencana lantai (bentuk denah), data seismik (peta wilayah gempa), beban angin, jenis perkuatan struktur dan material yang digunakan baik pada arah X maupun Y, dan informasi terkait konstruksi pondasi. Alternatif pilihan desain seismik terdapat 132 pilihan kombinasi yang dapat digunakan terhadap 12 pilihan jenis perkuatan untuk lateral struktur pada arah X dan Y yang tidak sama masing-masing pada kedua arah tersebut. Pilihan tersebut dapat digunakan pada bangunan studi kasus. Hasil analisis sebagai struktur awal (pembelajaran) yang dapat digunakan oleh mahasiswa Arsitektur maupun Teknik sipil dan hasilnya tidak diperkenankan sebagai hasil desain akhir pada bangunan dilapangan. Kata kunci: beban lateral, gedung bertingkat, desain seismik, tahap awal ABSTRACT. Indonesia's tectonic conditions are located at the confluence of the world's large and small plates, thus giving the impact that the region has the potential for frequent earthquakes. Surabaya is categorized as a relatively dense capital city, so the potential for earthquake hazards from the Kendeng fault is proven active and moves 5 millimeters per year. Realizing this phenomenon is an absolute thing as a material consideration in designing and constructing buildings throughout Indonesia. To strengthen learning, especially the introduction of seismic design to Architecture students, it is necessary to examine the principles (factors) that influence seismic design with a case study of the I UINSA campus library building as an alternative study of building design against building resistance due to lateral loads. The research method is descriptive and quantitative, then analyzed using Resist 4.0 software. Seismic design principles or factors that affect high-rise buildings are detailed information on building construction, floor plans (plan form), seismic data (earthquake area maps), wind loads, types of structural reinforcement, and materials used in both the X and Y directions and information related to foundation construction. Alternative seismic design options 132 combination options can be used against 12 choices of reinforcement types for lateral structures in the X and Y directions, which are not the same in both directions. These options can be used in case study buildings. The results of the analysis as an initial structure (learning) that can be used by students of Architecture and Civil Engineering, and the results are not allowed as the result of the final design of the building in the field. Keywords: lateral load, high rise building, design seismic, preeliminary
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Suryawanshi, Pravin S. Patil, Swapnil N. Dhande, Y. R. "Industrial Building Design on Seismic Issues." International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 4, no. 5 (May 15, 2015): 2840–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijirset.2015.0405027.
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Song, Xiao, Peng Li, and Guang Sheng Xu. "Seismic Isolation Design of Multistory Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3592.
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Design process and the nonlinear time history analysis for base isolation system is performed in this paper. The results show that the earthquake acceleration and displacement response of isolated structure can be significantly reduced. Application of the isolation system to improve the seismic capacity of the structure,can effectively reduce the response of upper structure of in earthquake.
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Ma, Jing Yuan, Fu Ma, Chen Suo Hu, and Zhi Xian Wen. "Seismic Design of the High-Rise Building Structure and Sustainable Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.536.
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This article summarized seismic design method of high-rise building from seismic fortification goal, use of materials, structural systems, analysis methods and trends. Then it discussed the structural design significance of high-rise buildings to achieve sustainable development. Lightweight quality, high strength material, diversity type, spatial component, braced lateral force resisting system, structuring combination and shock absorption building are the trends of high-rise building development.
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Yang, Fang Fang. "Study on Seismic Design of Complex High-Rise Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1841.
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Super high-rise building seismic design of complex shape is very important, can not be carried out according to the traditional design method. This paper gives a design principle based on behavior, it in the engineering design and more attention. Method based on behavior on the properties of reaction structures under earthquake is evaluated. High-rise buildings must be based on the method of state to confirm that the building to meet seismic performance.
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Zhou, Chang Xian, and Shao Peng Zheng. "Application of Earthquake Response Spectrum in the Ultra-High-Rise Building Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5081.
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The design of ground motion, including the response spectrum design and seismic wave design, is one of the important parameters for aseismic design of building structures. Consequently, the reasonable design of ground motion has a critical influence on the aseismic design of building structures. Given the importance of high-rise buildings, site survey data are generally in great detail. In this case, making full use of the data and reasonably designing response spectra and seismic design are more appropriate to the characteristics of specific sites of high-rise buildings than determining seismic input based on a simplified method and limited data.
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Shiping, Hu. "Seismic Design of Buildings in China." Earthquake Spectra 9, no. 4 (November 1993): 703–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585737.
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This paper gives the reader a general perspective on the subject of seismic design of buildings in China and may be of special interest to those who may do building design in that country. In the introduction, the main characteristics of Chinese earthquakes, some major earthquake disasters in the past, and a brief history of seismic design in China are related. The paper goes on to relate some new features of the recently promulgated seismic code which include a new design spectrum, how to identify liquefiable soil, the three levels of seismic protection, and the two-phase design. The paper also presents the seismic design of multistory brick and reinforced concrete buildings which differs somewhat from that of other countries, and three examples of actual design.
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Benyaminov, Zoya Susan, Merins Sadiku, and Mishka Stueber. "Re-Assessing the New York City Seismic Design Building Code." Journal of Environment and Ecology 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jee.v8i1.10940.
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This paper addresses the need for reassessment and revision of the New York City Seismic Design Building Code to include reinforcing existing structures that were built before 1995. Although earthquakes in New York City are rare, the combination of its geology and pedology allow for little damping and the lack of adequate reinforcement in existing structures have the potential to amplify the consequences of otherwise small events. The NYC Building Code of 1995 requires new structures to be designed against seismic activity, but does not require the addition of seismic reinforcement for existing buildings. In an effort to fill this gap, a case study of Brooklyn Brownstones is presented, illustrating the concern for unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings and describing the cultural and economic implications of reassessment. This case study, in combination with a literature review and commentary, supports the need for an updated seismic building code. Reassessment will not only preserve culturally significant structures like the Brooklyn Brownstone, but also provide standards for a more resilient infrastructure that will keep New York City operating through greater magnitude events.
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Yusupov, A. K., H. M. Musеlеmov, and R. I. Vishtalov. "Systems with optimal geometric shapes." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 50, no. 2 (August 1, 2023): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2023-50-2-188-196.
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Objective. In this paper, buildings of various shapes that have high seismic resistance are considered. Such seismic resistance is provided by the rational shape and outlines of the building itself. Here, the influence of the torsion of the building in the plan is minimized, thereby eliminating large stresses at the ends of the designed building. At the same time, the translational movement of the building in the plan is preserved.Method. By optimizing the shape and shape of buildings for various purposes, high efficiency of the structure is ensured under seismic effects. By comparing the shape and outlines of various buildings, the best variant of their layout is selected.Result. Structural schemes of buildings and structures with high resistance to seismic effects are given. A comparative analysis and recommendation for the design of earthquake-resistant buildings are given. Structural schemes for buildings and structures of various outlines have been developed: round, square, rectangular; constructive schemes of volumetric seismic-resistant structures, pyramidal, conical of various shapes, have been drawn up. Recommendations for the design of earthquake-resistant buildings and structures with optimal geometric shapes are made.Conclusion.The design schemes proposed in the article can be used in the design of earthquake-resistant buildings and structures for various purposes.
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Heidebrecht, A. C., and N. Naumoski. "Evaluation of site-specific seismic design requirements for three Canadian cities." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l88-056.
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Siesmic design requirements as specified in building codes normally use a generic approach in which the seismic response is independent of the site location, except for a single intensity-related parameter used to define the severity of the expected ground motion. In reality, the characteristics of earthquakes that influence structural response depend on both the level of seismic motion and the seismo-tectonic environment at the specific location. This paper describes a methodology for determining seismic design requirements that uses both magnitude (M) and epicentral distance (R) to define the seismo-tectonic environment. Ensembles of actual seismic strong motion records are selected to match the combinations of M and R that dominate the seismic risk at a specific location. These time histories are used to determine both response spectra and seismic response factors (as used in the 1985 edition of the National Building Code, NBCC 1985) for the location in question. This paper applies this methodology to Vancouver, Ottawa, and Quebec City and compares the results with the response spectra and seismic response factors specified in NBCC 1985. The results indicate that a site-specific investigation of seismic design requirements is important in distinguishing between locations having different seismo-tectonic environments. Key words: structures, design, seismic, code, dynamic, acceleration, velocity, spectra, magnitude, epicentral distance.
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Taniwangsa, Wendy. "Design Considerations for a Base-Isolated Demonstration Building." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 4 (November 2002): 761–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1516752.
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A base-isolated demonstration building (BIDB) was built in Indonesia as part of an ongoing effort by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization to promote the use of base isolation technology for common structures in earthquake-prone developing countries. The superstructure of the demonstration building is a four-story reinforced concrete frame with masonry infill walls, designed in accordance with the Indonesian Seismic Code. A specially developed isolation system for this project consisted of 16 high-damping natural rubber bearings, which were connected to the columns and foundation using recessed-type connections at the ground level. The seismic isolation provisions from the 1994 Uniform Building Code were adapted to complement the Indonesian Seismic Code requirements for this project, and site-specific spectra were developed and used for the design of the isolation system. This paper discusses the design considerations for the base-isolated demonstration building, the design and testing of the bearings and the cost-effectiveness of the isolation system. The seismic performance of the base-isolated building is discussed in the companion paper. It is expected that this newly developed isolation system, designed specifically for low-axial pressure applications, can be adopted for the earthquake protection of a variety of smaller public buildings—such as housing, schools, and hospitals—in developing countries.
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Mei, Ting Yu, and Lang Wu. "Key Points Analysis for Seismic Design of Super High-Rise Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1230.
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In recent years, high-rise buildings have developed very rapidly in our country. Because of the particularity of the high-rise building, more strictly technical measures should be taken in seismic design to ensure security. Three level fortifications, two stage design method have been used for seismic design in our country. Combined with the practical, the key points of response spectrum, time history analysis and performance design which related to seismic design of high-rise buildings were analyzed.
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Bulat, A. F., A. S. Kobets, V. I. Dyrda, V. A. Lapin, N. G. Marienkov, N. I. Lisitsa, and G. N. Agaltsov. "Some problems vibration and protection of buiding and structures using blocks." Bulletin of Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Construction 79, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51488/1680-080x/2021.1-23.
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The basic concept of vibration and seismic insulation of buildings and structures based on the use of rubber seismic blocks (RSB) is considered. The concept of seismic isolation of structures is very relevant. In Japan, New Zealand, France, Greece, England, the United States and a number of other countries, it has been successfully used to protect such important structures as nuclear power plants, schools, bridges, museums, administrative and residential buildings from earthquakes. In Ukraine, the concept developed in two ways: the development of seismic isolation blocks for earthquake protection of residential buildings; development of vibration isolation blocks for vibration protection of heavy equipment (weight up to 300 tons, used in Russia, Ukraine) and residential buildings. For the practical application of building seismic isolation systems by the N. S. Geotechnical Mechanics Institute. Experimental studies were carried out to substantiate the RSB parameters, their designs were patented, design documentation was developed and experimental samples of three types of rubber-metal seismic protection blocks with a diameter of 400 mm and 500 mm and a total height of the rubber layer: 2 120 120 mm, 2х70 mm and 2х50 mm were made. The results of the calculation of a rubber-metal seismic support used as an element of vibration-seismic protection of multi-storey residential buildings are presented. The calculation results obtained by approximate analytical methods are compared with experimental data for samples of seismic supports. The design of a pile with vibration-insulating rubber supports is considered. The developed and tested RSB structures were used for vibration protection against metro trains and vehicles of residential buildings in Kiev: a 10-section 10-storey residential building on Kikvidze Street, three 27-storey buildings on Obolonsky Avenue and a residential complex of three houses in Lviv. Vibration and seismic isolation with the help of RSB provides the natural vibration frequency of the building in the horizontal plane of less than 1 Hz, which meets the requirements of the DBN and Eurocode 8 for the design of the building seismic isolation systems.
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Stepinac, Mislav, Iztok Šušteršič, Igor Gavrić, and Vlatka Rajčić. "Seismic Design of Timber Buildings: Highlighted Challenges and Future Trends." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041380.
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Use of timber as a construction material has entered a period of renaissance since the development of high-performance engineered wood products, enabling larger and taller buildings to be built. In addition, due to substantial contribution of the building sector to global energy use, greenhouse gas emissions and waste production, sustainable solutions are needed, for which timber has shown a great potential as a sustainable, resilient and renewable building alternative, not only for single family homes but also for mid-rise and high-rise buildings. Both recent technological developments in timber engineering and exponentially increased use of engineered wood products and wood composites reflect in deficiency of current timber codes and standards. This paper presents an overview of some of the current challenges and emerging trends in the field of seismic design of timber buildings. Currently existing building codes and the development of new generation of European building codes are presented. Ongoing studies on a variety topics within seismic timber engineering are presented, including tall timber and hybrid buildings, composites with timber and seismic retrofitting with timber. Crucial challenges, key research needs and opportunities are addressed and critically discussed.
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Wu, Sha Sha, Guan Chang Kang, Shao Wang, and Jun Ying Lian. "Feasibility Analysis of Applying Biomechanical Properties of Human Body to Seismic Design of Building Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1511.
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With the rapid development of high-rise buildings in our country, the seismic design of structures is becoming more and more important. And the seismic performance of traditional seismic system is not perfect, there are still some room for improvement. This article points out the advantages of the human body vertebra seismic system by comparing the characteristics of the current building aseismic system with the deep analysis of the human body vertebra seismic system and the application of the seismic characteristics of the human body vertebra in seismic design of building structure application foreground is prospected.
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Avila, Jorge A., David A. Lopez, and Jorge Arturo Avila-Haro. "Inelastic Dynamic and Non-Linear Static Seismic Performance of a Building with RC Walls that Collapsed in the Chile’s Earthquake of February 2010 and a Building with RC Concrete Frame Designed in the Mexico City." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.161.
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The objectives in this paper are the followings: evaluate the seismic performance of the three buildings and compare the elastic and inelastic seismic responses of the buildings, calculated with the records CCH-NS (Chilean earthquake 2010) and SCT-EW (Mexican earthquake 1985) of the cases of strengths elastic and inelastic with nominal strength and over-strength of each model. The building 1 is a real case of a concrete wall building that collapsed during the Chilean earthquake of February 27, 2010. The building 2 was analyzed and designed with the Chilean Norm “Seismic Design of Buildings” (NCH-433) and “Reinforced Concrete–Design and Calculus Requirements” (NCH-430). The analyses and design of the building 3 was realized with the Mexican Norms “Complementary Technical Norms for seismic design” (NTC-Seismic), “Complementary Technical Norms for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures” (NTC-Concrete) of the “Code of Constructions for the Federal District” (RCDF-04). The elastic and inelastic seismic responses of each building were calculated with the step by step dynamic method. Should be avoided that the fundamental period of vibration of the structures match with the dominant period of the ground (Ts). In the design of concrete structural walls is very important classified the walls according to its slenderness in order to recognize the behavior that will govern the wall, and with it determine the detailed of the steel reinforcement that could provide the best behavior when the wall be submitted to an important earthquake.
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Çapa, Yuşa Uğur, Ali Ruzi Özuygur, and Zekai Celep. "A study on earthquake performances of reinforced concrete buildings with various number of stories." Journal of Structural Engineering & Applied Mechanics 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31462/jseam.2021.04083098.
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Seismic codes generally require that the Equivalent Seismic Load Method or the Modal Response Spectrum Method is adopted in the design of buildings. In the equivalent seismic load method, the equivalent seismic static force applied to the building is determined depending on the seismicity of the region where the building is located, the usage class of the building, the fundamental period of the building and the building mass. Later, this equivalent seismic load is reduced by the seismic load reduction factor to take into account the increase in the capacity of the system and the decrease in the seismic demand due to the nonlinear and inelastic behavior of the system, i.e., by accepting limited inelastic deformations in the building subjected to the design earthquake. Then, structural system of the building is analyzed under the reduced seismic forces in addition to the vertical loads by using the load combinations given in the design codes. The process is completed by designing the sections and the structural elements of the building. Similar processes can be implemented by using the modal response spectrum method. The difference between these two methods is consideration of the higher modes of the building instead of the first mode only and the use of the modal masses of the building for each mode, instead of the total mass of the building. In the latter method, the contributions of the higher mode are combined by using specific superposition rules. The codes assume that the structural systems designed in this way will exhibit the almost same level of inelastic deformation, i.e., the controlled damage state, regardless of the building parameters, such as the number of stories. In this study, an attempt is made to investigate the validity of this implicit acceptance. For this purpose, the buildings with a various number of stories are designed by satisfying the bare minimum requirements of the code only, as much as possible. The seismic behavior and the lateral load capacity of these buildings are examined by the static and dynamic nonlinear analyses. The ratio of the nonlinear load capacity to the reduced equivalent seismic load is evaluated depending on the number of the stories of the buildings. The results which are presented in detail yield that the buildings with a low number of stories have relatively larger nonlinear lateral load capacity-to-the reduced elastic seismic load ratio, which is not compatible with the general implicit assumption made in the seismic codes.
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Кравченко, Галина, Galina Kravchenko, Елена Труфанова, Elena Trufanova, Инал Дзари-Ипа, Inal Zari-Ipa, Эраст Эшба, and Erast Ashba. "PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING FOR SEISMIC EFFECTS IN THE DESIGN OF BUILDINGS." Construction and Architecture 6, no. 4 (January 24, 2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/article_5c35ecb7ce7068.46579286.
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The actual problem for the Republic of Abkhazia — the account of seismic influences at calculation of bearing designs of buildings is investigated. The object of research is the building of the sea station in Sukhum. The spatial plate-rod model of the building frame is made by the finite element method in the software complex “LIRA — SAPR”. Based on the results of dynamic calculation the selected method for determining the seismic influences on the building frame.
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Rajeev, Anupoju, Naveen Kumar Meena, and Kumar Pallav. "Comparative Study of Seismic Design and Performance of OMRF Building Using Indian, British, and European Codes." Infrastructures 4, no. 4 (November 19, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4040071.
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In India, damage cause by some major earthquakes, such as India/Nepal 2015, Sikkim 2011, Kashmir 2005, Bhuj 2001, Latur 1993, and Uttarkashi 1991, have raised alarms to professionals. The probability of seismic risk is higher in more densely populated Indian cities, such as Bhuj, Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarkashi, as they come under the highest seismicity zone in India. Therefore, our primary interest is to investigate the seismic performance evaluation of the buildings in these seismic prone areas. Significant research has been conducted on the seismic performance of existing buildings. However, investigations on the seismic performance of a building with different country codes for the same earthquake event has not been explored, which is crucial in providing a deeper knowledge of the seismic performance of buildings. This paper presents a comparative study of an Ordinary Moment Resistant Frame (OMRF) building designed using three major codes, Indian (IS: 456-2000, IS: 1893-2002), British (BS: 8110-1997) and European (EC-2, EC-8). Six typical building models considered with earthquake (WiEQ), and without earthquake (WoEQ), and their assessments were interpreted using non-linear static analysis for determining their seismic performance. Seismic performance is compared in terms of base shear coefficient (BSC) and drift ratio that shows WiEQ models, at the drift ratio of 1.5%, the BSC was as follows; 0.78, 0.88, and 0.96 for the models designed for British, Euro, and Indian codes, respectively. The results show that the building models, that have been designed for the Indian codal provisions for both cases, performed well as compared to the other country codes. Base shear and drift ratio are the vital parameters that vary considerably among the building models. This aspect of the Indian code makes it a safer design methodology with higher reserve strength and a reasonably good displacement capacity before reaching the Collapse Prevention (CP) performance level.
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Li, Huina. "“3 Degrees and 8 Combinations” Teaching Mode of Anti-Seismic Design of Building Structures." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 7, no. 4 (April 25, 2023): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v7i4.4832.
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Earthquakes pose a significant threat to people’s property and personal safety. Improving the teaching of civil engineering and building structure anti-seismic design courses can enable students to do a good job in anti-seismic design in the future and effectively reduce the damage on buildings caused by earthquakes. In this paper, we analyzed the basic characteristics of a course in civil engineering major, which is Anti-Seismic Design of Building Structures, and the shortcomings of traditional teaching. It is proposed that the 3-degrees and 8-combinations teaching mode of anti-seismic design of building structures can effectively improve students’ autonomy and enthusiasm in learning, helps to cultivate professional ethics among students, and improve their ability to apply what they have learned.
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Ryu, Yonghee, Shinyoung Kwag, and Bu‐Seog Ju. "Fragility Assessments of Multi-Story Piping Systems within a Seismically Isolated Low-Rise Building." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 3775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103775.
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A successful, advanced safety design method for building and piping structures is related to its functionality and sustainability in beyond-design-basis events such as extremely strong ground motions. This study develops analytical models of seismically isolated building-piping systems in which multi-story piping systems are installed in non-isolated and base-isolated, low-rise buildings. To achieve the sustainable design of a multi-story piping system subjected to strong ground motions, Triple Friction Pendulum (TFP) elements, specifically TFP bearings, were incorporated into the latter building structure. Then, a seismic fragility analysis was performed in consideration of the uncertainty of the seismic ground motions, and the piping fragilities for the seismically non-isolated and the base-isolated building models were quantified. Here, the failure probability of the piping system in the non-isolated building was greater than that in the seismically isolated building. The seismic isolation design of the building improved the sustainability and functionality of the piping system by significantly reducing the seismic energy of extreme ground motions which was input to the building structure itself.
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Wang, Lu, Ya Ping Peng, Xiang Lin Gu, Wei Cui, and Wei Ping Zhang. "System Based Seismic Strengthening Design Analysis for a Historic Building." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 1265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.1265.
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In system based seismic strengthening design, the redistribution of inner forces brought by the change of structural members can be considered, which is very important to guarantee the safety of a strengthened structure. Using SAP2000, the seismic behavior of a historic building was analyzed. After that, a system based seismic strengthening plan and a member based seismic strengthening plan were proposed. And the seismic behaviors of the building before and after strengthening were compared. The results show that the seismic behavior of the building can be improved with the system based seismic strengthening and the style and the feature of the building can be protected well.
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Mayes, Ronald, Nicholas Wetzel, Ben Weaver, Ken Tam, Will Parker, Andrew Brown, and Dario Pietra. "Performance based design of buildings to assess damage and downtime and implement a rating system." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 46, no. 1 (March 31, 2013): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.46.1.40-55.
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The Christchurch earthquakes have highlighted the mismatch in expectations between the engineering profession and society regarding the seismic performance of buildings. While most modern buildings performed as expected, many buildings have been, or are to be, demolished. The ownership, occupancy, and societal costs of only targeting life-safety as the accepted performance standard for building design are now apparent in New Zealand.
While the structural system has a significant effect on the seismic performance of the entire building, including the contents, it is only about 20% of the total building cost. Hence, structural engineers should view the seismic performance in a wider context, looking at all the systems of the building rather than just the damage to structural items and life-safety.
The next generation of performance-based seismic design procedures, outlined in the FEMA P-58 document, provide engineers with the tools to express the seismic performance of the entire building in terms of the future life loss, facility repair cost and repair time. This paper will outline the FEMA P-58 procedure and present the results of a comparative study of six different structural systems for a three storey commercial and laboratory building: moment frame; buckling restrained braced frame; viscously damped moment frame; Pres-Lam timber coupled-walls; cast-in-place reinforced concrete shear wall; and base isolated braced frame. Each system was analysed as a fully non-linear structure and the calculated drifts and floor accelerations were input into the FEMA P-58 PACT tool to evaluate the overall building performance. The PACT tool performs loss calculations for the expected casualties, repair cost, and repair time from which a QuakeStar or SEAONC rating for the building can be obtained.
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Williamson, Michael, Luis John, and Tim Sullivan. "Investigating the impact of design criteria on the expected seismic losses of multi-storey office buildings." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 56, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.56.1.11-28.
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The Ministry of Building, Innovation and Employment is developing advice on how to deliver Low Damage Seismic Design (LDSD) protection for buildings through their Tū Kahika: Building Resilience platform. The draft LDSD advice is considering a design drift limit for multi-storey buildings of 0.5% as part of new damage control limit state design checks. The potential impact of this design criterion on the expected annual loss due to repair costs is investigated for generic reinforced concrete wall case-study office buildings of 4- and 12-storeys in both Wellington and Christchurch. The equivalent static method, in line with NZS 1170.5 and NZS 3101, was used to design the buildings to conventional and draft LDSD specifications, representing current and future state-of-practice designs. The draft LDSD advice aims to limit the expected annual loss of complying buildings to below 0.1% of building replacement cost. This research tested this expectation. Losses were estimated in accordance with FEMA P-58, using building responses from non-linear time history analyses. Although it is found that the new drift limit alone may not limit seismic losses to the target values owing to damage to acceleration-sensitive elements, the results do support the intentions of the draft design advice to significantly reduce the expected seismic losses of complying buildings. The study also highlighted the importance of using an accurate approximation of RC wall stiffness for LDSD, and provides insight into different design strategies that could be followed to effectively limit losses in RC wall buildings as part of LDSD.
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Arroyo, Orlando, Angie V. Osorio, and María Catalina Vargas. "A Method to Improve the Seismic Performance of Steel Moment Resisting Frames Based on Eigenfrequency Optimization." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (July 18, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8385342.
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Steel moment resisting frames are a structural system used throughout the world, mainly for their ductility and the speed and ease of their construction. These buildings are usually designed per procedures based on seismic design codes, seeking to minimize the total cost of the building. To aid in better building designs, researchers have proposed different methodologies, which have been proven to be effective. However, their practical use has been limited by their low computational efficiency and their difficulty to implement by practicing engineers. This article proposes a method to improve the seismic performance of steel moment resisting frame buildings based on eigenfrequency optimization. The main advantage of the proposed method is its computational efficiency and that it is simple to implement. The method is demonstrated for a four-story and an eight-story building, whose seismic performance is compared to traditional building designs using nonlinear analyses and seismic fragility functions. The results show that the seismic performance improves significantly with the proposed method with respect to that of traditionally designed buildings, reducing their seismic fragility and increasing their overstrength. These findings and the computational efficiency of the method suggest that it is a viable alternative for use within engineering practice.
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Fathi-Fazl, Reza, Bessam Kadhom, Zhen Cai, and Farrokh Fazileh. "Benchmark NBC editions for seismic risk management of existing buildings in Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 48, no. 8 (August 2021): 948–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2019-0756.
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The National Research Council Canada recently developed a multi-criteria and multi-level framework for seismic risk management of existing buildings in Canada. One of the key criteria in this framework is benchmark NBC edition, which refers to the applicable edition of National Building Code of Canada (NBC) in which significantly improved seismic requirements were adopted and enforced. Since post-benchmark buildings are expected to demonstrate satisfactory seismic performance, they may be exempt from structural seismic risk assessment. This paper identifies benchmark NBC editions for 17 model building types in Canada. The identification starts by tracking major seismic improvements in the United States benchmark codes and standards. These improvements are then mapped to applicable NBC editions and relevant design standards. Provincial building code editions corresponding to benchmark NBC editions are also identified. The benchmark NBC editions and corresponding provincial building code editions help building owners quickly identify and exempt post-benchmark buildings with acceptable seismic risks and thus allocate resources to the buildings with potentially unacceptable seismic risks.
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Sucuoğlu, HalÛk. "Implications of Masonry Infill and Partition Damage in Performance Perception in Residential Buildings after a Moderate Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 29, no. 2 (May 2013): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000147.
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Engineers usually focus on the performance of structural members, whereas the occupants of a residential building are affected mostly by the performance of infill and partition walls in buildings after a moderate earthquake. This often creates controversy and discussion regarding the post-earthquake use of buildings. Seismic rehabilitation codes for existing buildings offer sophisticated measures in rating the seismic performances of structural components, whereas performance measures suggested for infill and other partition walls are crude by comparison. Furthermore, seismic design codes for new buildings totally disregard such disparity, since their force-based approaches are built on single-level performance targets specified implicitly for the entire building under a design level, that is, a rare earthquake. In this paper, performance levels of buildings after an earthquake of moderate intensity are discussed from the viewpoints of engineers and building occupants. Suggestions are made for achieving uniform performance in structures where the seismic forces are resisted by structural members as well as the infills and partition walls coupling with the structural system although the contribution of such walls to seismic resistance and their performance is not usually considered in design.
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S. Mathan, Kumar. "Seismic assessment and retrofit, incorporating pushover analysis and capacity curves of irregular buildings." i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering 11, no. 3 (2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jste.11.3.19350.
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Irregular buildings are increasingly common in urban areas around the world, presenting unique challenges for seismic assessment and retrofitting. Pushover analysis and capacity curves have emerged as powerful tools for evaluating the seismic performance of buildings and developing retrofitting strategies. In this study, a methodology is proposed for seismic assessment and retrofitting of irregular buildings that incorporates pushover analysis and capacity curves. The methodology involves the use of finite element models to simulate the behavior of irregular buildings under seismic loading and the development of capacity curves to evaluate the structural response. The efficacy of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study of an irregular building in a high-seismic area. Capacity curves developed using pushover analysis can identify potential failure modes in the building, and targeted retrofitting strategies can be developed based on these findings. Our results highlight the importance of using advanced analysis and design techniques to ensure the safety and resilience of irregular buildings in seismic areas. The proposed methodology can be applied to a wide range of irregular buildings and can contribute to the development of building codes and design guidelines for these structures.
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Apurba Rakha, Vikram Choudhry, and Md. Zeyaul Haque. "Structural design and analysis of G+5 framed structure using STADD. Pro." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.1.0131.
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This paper is an overview of the work done for the design and analysis of the multi-storey building (G+5) under the effect of various forces acting on the building such as dead load, imposed load, wind load, and seismic load. The work was done for the purpose of designing and analyzing the building to withstand the effects of these various forces. The fact that these pressures are working on the building demonstrates that if the buildings are not carefully planned and built with enough strength, then this may lead to the partial or entire collapse of the multi-storey structures. It is necessary to do an analysis and design the structures of multi-story buildings in such a way that they are able to resist the numerous pressures that operate on these buildings in order to guarantee the inhabitants' safety. The primary purpose of this endeavor is to investigate and analyze the effects of wind and seismic activity on the structures. The residential building is a G+5 storey construction, and it is situated in Raipur city, which is the capital of Chhattisgarh state. According to the criteria for the study of seismic load, zone II applies to the location of the building. Throughout the course of its lifetime, every structure will be susceptible to the impacts of a variety of forces, including those caused by dead load, live load, wind forces, and seismic forces. Both wind load and earthquake load contribute to the dynamic load, whereas dead load and imposed load only contribute to the static load. The whole of the structure was analyzed with the assistance of the STAAD PRO programme.
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Fathi-Fazl, Reza, Zhen Cai, Eric Jacques, and W. Leonardo Cortés-Puentes. "Methodology for seismic risk screening of existing buildings in Canada: Structural scoring system." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 48, no. 3 (March 2021): 250–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2019-0405.
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The National Research Council Canada recently developed a Semi-Quantitative Seismic Risk Screening Tool (SQST) for seismic risk screening of existing buildings in Canada. This paper presents the structural scoring system that is part of the SQST. The structural scoring methodology is based on FEMA P-154, but has been substantially modified to suit Canadian seismicity and seismic design and construction practices. Structural scores are obtained by adding structural basic scores and applicable score modifiers. For an existing building, a structural basic score is determined by calculating the probability of collapse on the basis of a number of assumptions. Then a series of score modifiers are calculated to address the effects of applicable building characteristics on the building’s seismic performance. The structural score is compared with an acceptable structural threshold to determine whether the structural seismic risk is acceptable. The objective of the structural scoring system is to ensure an acceptable and consistent seismic risk in building portfolios while minimizing life safety threats.
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Bovo, Marco, Marco Savoia, and Lucia Praticò. "Seismic Performance Assessment of a Multistorey Building Designed with an Alternative Capacity Design Approach." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 22, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5178065.
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The actual seismic building codes have a prescriptive nature, and they are principally aimed to guarantee a prescribed life-safety level against a design-level earthquake even if some methods have been proposed to evaluate the seismic performance of a building along its entire service life. Among these, the performance-based seismic design method permits the design of buildings with a more realistic understanding of both risk of life for occupants and economic losses that may occur in future earthquakes. On the other side, the capacity design method, providing criteria to properly spread the inelastic deformation demand between the different structural elements, allows to establish a ductile collapse mechanism avoiding undesired brittle failures. In this context, modern building codes consider the adoption of a single value for the behaviour factor q to be used in the design process. All this should be argued since, especially for buildings characterized by storeys with different uses and occupancy ratios, the adoption of a single value for q could guide the design process to a solution not minimizing the seismic loss. With reference to these aspects, the paper shows the comparison of the seismic responses of a multistorey framed building designed following two different approaches. The first approach, suggested by many international codes, follows the capacity design rules and considers a single value for the behaviour factor valid for the whole building. In this first case, the damage mechanisms could affect, theoretically, every storey of the building. The second approach, proposed here, considers instead the possibility to adopt different behaviour factors to attribute to different storeys. In this way, it is possible to concentrate and localize the most severe earthquake-induced structural damage on (few) storeys, selected by the designers. By means of the seismic performance assessment methodology, the comparison between the two building responses is provided in terms of expected losses during the whole building service life and is reported in terms of both economical loss and human life loss. The results in the paper show that, if different behaviour factors are properly selected for different storeys, the design process can provide a solution characterized by lower values of seismic loss with respect to the case of the design assuming a single-q value.