Relevant bibliographies by topics / Segmental motion

Academic literature on the topic 'Segmental motion'

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Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Segmental motion"

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STOKES, IAN A. F., and JOHN W. FRYMOYER. "Segmental Motion and Instability." Spine 12, no. 7 (September 1987): 688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-198709000-00009.

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Saad, W. A. A., Mohd Azuwan Mat Dzahir, Yamamoto Shinichirou, Mohamed Hussein, Maziah Mohamad, Shaharil Mad Saad, Mohd Azwarie Mat Dzahir, and Aizreena Azaman. "Comparison of the spine kinematics by defining lumbar as single and multi-segmental in completing critical daily task." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 7600–7608. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.4.2020.24.0598.

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The change of the spinal curvature in completing a variety of daily tasks is essential to independent living. There is still a lack of studies highlighting the lumbar segmental contribution during sit-to-stand (STS) and stand-to-flexion (STF) using non-invasive study. The purpose of this study is to compare the spine kinematics by defining lumbar as a single and multi-segmental during continuous daily motion in healthy Asian adults using a non-invasive approach. During STS, most subjects implemented kyphotic lumbar curve during the early stage of motion which revealed poor posture implementation and significant differences in the lumbar kinematics which were only noticeable at specific phases between both approaches. A significant difference in multi-segmental behaviour was observed only at the end of the motion. All three segments displayed different time responses during the transition from kyphotic to lordotic curve. Passive/delayed behavior within the lower lumbar segment was observed between 0-50% of motion completion. During STF, statistically significant differences were found between assuming lumbar as a single and multi-segment in all phases. This in vitro study identified characteristic motion patterns in the lumbar spine during daily motions. The results provided a clear description of the healthy spinal condition of adults and may serve to identify specific multi-segmental contribution.
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Dubrovin, E. V., M. Schächtele, and T. E. Schäffer. "Nanotemplate-directed DNA segmental thermal motion." RSC Advances 6, no. 83 (2016): 79584–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14383k.

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Medvedevskikh, Yuriy, and Oksana Khavunko. "Kinetic Parameters of Segmental and Translation Polystyrene Motion in Solutions." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 7, no. 1 (March 10, 2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht07.01.037.

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Netzel, Daniel A. "Low Temperature Studies of Amorphous, Interfacial, and Crystalline Phases in Asphalts Using Solid-State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1638, no. 1 (January 1998): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1638-03.

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The road performance behavior of an asphalt depends upon its susceptibility to changes in its rheological properties with time and temperature. One important fundamental molecular property of an asphalt, which dictates its temperature-dependent performance, is the nature of the molecular motions associated with the asphalt molecular components. Changes in the rotational motions of the methyl carbons and the segmental motions of the methylene carbons in the 1- to 10-kHz frequency range were studied (via changes in spin-spin dipolar-dephasing relaxation times) as a function of temperature for three Strategic Highway Research Program asphalts using carbon-13 dipolar-dephasing cross polarization with magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. The data indicate that the rotational motion of the terminal methyl carbons of n-alkanes in the amorphous phase is nearly independent of decreasing temperature until the glass-transition region is reached. Below the Tg, the rotational motion of the methyl carbons decreases slowly with decrease in temperature for asphalts AAA-1 and AAB-1. However, the methyl rotation in asphalt AAM-1 decreases more rapidly. The segmental motions of the methylene carbons in the mobile-amorphous phase for the different asphalts decrease rapidly with decreasing temperature from 20 to – 20°C. At temperatures below — 20°C, the segmental motions have essentially ceased. The slow, low-frequency motions of the methylene carbons in the inter-facial (rigid-amorphous) and crystalline phases were found to be independent of temperature above and below Tg. It is suggested that the methyl rotation and segmental motions of the methylene carbons in the amorphous phase extensively influence the low-temperature rheological properties of asphalts.
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Caelers, Inge J. M. H., Toon F. M. Boselie, Kim Rijkers, Wouter L. W. Van Hemert, Rob A. De Bie, and Henk Van Santbrink. "Lumbar Intervertebral Motion in Healthy Male Participants: Protocol for a Motion Analysis During Flexion and Extension Cinematographic Recordings." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): e14741. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14741.

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Background Physiological motion of the lumbar spine is a subject of interest for musculoskeletal health care professionals, as abnormal motion is believed to be related to lumbar conditions and complaints. Many researchers have described ranges of motion for the lumbar spine, but only a few have mentioned specific motion patterns of each individual segment during flexion and extension. These motion patterns mostly comprise the sequence of segmental initiation in sagittal rotation. However, an adequate definition of physiological motion of the lumbar spine is still lacking. The reason for this is the reporting of different ranges of motion and sequences of segmental initiation in previous studies. Furthermore, due to insufficient fields of view, none of these papers have reported on maximum flexion and extension motion patterns of L1 to S1. In the lower cervical spine, a consistent pattern of segmental contributions was recently described. In order to understand physiological motion of the lumbar spine, it is necessary to systematically study motion patterns, including the sequence of segmental contribution, of vertebrae L1 to S1 in healthy individuals during maximum flexion and extension. Objective This study aims to define the lumbar spines’ physiological motion pattern of vertebrae L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1 by determining the sequence of segmental contribution and the sequence of segmental initiation of motion in sagittal rotation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension. The secondary endpoint will be exploring the possibility of analyzing the intervertebral horizontal and vertical translation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension. Methods Cinematographic recordings will be performed on 11 healthy male participants, aged 18-25 years, without a history of spine problems. Cinematographic flexion and extension recordings will be made at two time points with a minimum 2-week interval in between. Results The study has been approved by the local institutional medical ethical committee (Medical Research Ethics Committee of Zuyderland and Zuyd University of Applied Sciences) on September 24, 2018. Inclusion of participants will be completed in 2020. Conclusions If successful, these physiological motion patterns can be compared with motion patterns of patients with lumbar conditions before or after surgery. Ultimately, researchers may be able to determine differences in biomechanics that can potentially be linked to physical complaints like low back pain. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03737227; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03737227 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14741
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Kolstad, Frode, Øystein P. Nygaard, and Gunnar Leivseth. "Segmental Motion Adjacent to Anterior Cervical Arthrodesis." Spine 32, no. 5 (March 2007): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000256448.04035.bb.

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Dickinson, L. C., J. C. W. Chien, and W. J. MacKnight. "Segmental and crosslink point motion in networks." Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia 34, no. 1 (April 1990): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19900340112.

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Hayashi, Tetsuo, Michael D. Daubs, Akinobu Suzuki, Trevor P. Scott, Kevin H. Phan, Monchai Ruangchainikom, Shinji Takahashi, Keiichiro Shiba, and Jeffrey C. Wang. "Motion characteristics and related factors of Modic changes in the lumbar spine." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 22, no. 5 (May 2015): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.10.spine14496.

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OBJECT Most studies of Modic changes (MCs) have focused on investigating the relationship between MCs and lowback pain, whereas the kinematic characteristics and degenerative disc disease associated with MCs are not well understood. To the authors' knowledge, no previous study has reported on the kinematics of MCs. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship of MCs to segmental motion and degenerative disc disease. METHODS Four hundred fifty symptomatic patients underwent weight-bearing lumbar kinematic MRI in the neutral, flexion, and extension positions. Segmental displacement and intervertebral angles were measured in 3 positions using computer analysis software. Modic changes, disc degeneration, disc bulging, spondylolisthesis, angular motion, and translational motion were recorded, and the relationship of MCs to these factors was analyzed using a logistic regression model. To control the influence of disc degeneration on segmental motion, angular and translational motion were analyzed according to mild and severe disc degeneration stages. The motion characteristics and disc degeneration among types of MCs were also evaluated. RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed that age, disc degeneration, angular motion, and translational motion were factors significantly related to MCs. In the severe disc degeneration stage, a significant decrease of angular motion and significant increase of translational motion were found in segments with MCs, indicating that a disorder of the endplate had an additional effect on segmental motion. Disc degeneration increased and angular motion decreased significantly and gradually as the type of MC increased. Translational motion was significantly increased with Type 2 MCs. CONCLUSIONS Age, disc degeneration, angular motion, and translational motion were significantly linked to MCs in the lumbar spine. The translational motion of lumbar segments increased with Type 2 MCs, whereas angular motion decreased as the type of MC increased, indicating that Type 2 MCs may have translational instability likely due to degenerative changes. A disorder of the endplates could play an important role in spinal instability.
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Bertram, J. E. A., K. Gellman, J. W. Hermanson, and K. K. Haussler. "Dynamic Analysis of In Vivo Segmental Spinal Motion: An Instrumentation Strategy." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 13, no. 01 (2000): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632623.

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SummarySummary A transducer for measuring threedimensional segmental spinal motion was designed to directly measure dynamic rotations (Rx, Ry and Rz) about three orthogonal axes using an array of liquid metal strain gauges (LMSGs). The configuration of the LMSG array results in differential length changes due to segmental spinal motion. In vitro calibration utilized transducer attachment to Steinmann pins implanted into the dorsal spinous processes of anatomical spinal segments. The response of the LMSGs approximated linearity (R2 ≥0.980) over the calibrated ranges of angular displacement (i.e., ± 5°). On average, artifactual mechanical noise of the LMSGs was <3% of the signal recorded during locomotion. The minimum resolution of the transducer was 0.07 degrees of flexion-extension, 0.46 degrees of lateral bending, and 0.56 degrees of rotation. Average resistive force for all transducers was 0.31 ± 0.05 Nm at the neutral articular position (0°) and 0.51 ± 0.03 Nm at 5° of flexion. Clinically, the modest mechanical resistance of the transducers did not affect spinal mobility nor locomotion. In vivo application of the transducer was demonstrated at thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spinal segments in horses treadmill locomotion. The transducer was designed and tested on an equine model, but may be adapted for other quadrupeds. The dynamic and continuous measure of three-dimensional in vivo segmental spinal motion will provide an important new perspective for evaluating normal and altered spinal motion.A technique was developed for directly measuring threedimensional segmental spinal motion in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spinal segments in horses during treadmill locomotion. The dynamic and continuous measure of three-dimensional in vivo segmental spinal motion will provide an important new perspective for evaluating normal and altered spinal motion associated with back problems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Segmental motion"

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Breloff, Scott. "Quantifying Segmental Spinal Motion during Activities of Daily Living." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13233.

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Back pain is a very common musculoskeletal impairment in most Americans. Average annual occurrence of back pain is reported around 30% of the population and is the most common cause of activity limitation in people younger than 45 years old. Eighty percent of the back pain presents in the lumbar spine. Although this ailment is very prevalent in the American population, there is a lack of empirical evidence supporting the common clinical diagnosis and intervention back pain strategies. The frequency of back pain and the lack of treatment methods were the motivation for this investigation. It is important to better understand spine dynamics during ambulatory tasks of daily activities to identify possible biomechanical mechanisms underlying back pain. Current biomechanical quantification methods for spine dynamics are either too invasive or not detailed enough to fully comprehend detailed spinal movement. Therefore, a non-invasive but detailed procedure to calculate spine dynamics was developed and tested. In this study, multi-segmented spine dynamics (kinematics and kinetics) were calculated during four activities of daily living (level walking (W), obstacle crossing (OC), stair ascent (SA) and stair descent (SD)). Our findings suggested an in-vivo multi-segmented spine surface marker set is able to detect different and repeatable motion patterns during walking among various spinal segments. The sacrum to lower lumbar (SLL) joint had the largest range of motion (ROM) when compared to the other more superior joints (lower lumbar to upper lumbar and upper lumbar to lower thoracic). Furthermore, SA task demonstrated more flexion ROM than both W and SD tasks. In addition to task influence, joints at different spine levels also demonstrated different ROMs, where SLL had a greater ROM than upper lumbar to lower thoracic (ULLT) in the transverse plane. Age was found to not significantly affect the segmental spinal ROM or peak angles. The vertical segmental joint reaction forces were different between tasks, where SD yielded larger vertical reaction forces than W. Overall, findings from this dissertation work were able to show that a multi-segment spine marker system could be an effective tool in determining different spinal dynamics during various activities of daily living. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material.
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Codreanu, Ion. "Evaluation of three dimensional segmental myocardial motion using cardiac magnetic resonance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670023.

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CATINO, LUIGI. "COMBINED STUDY OF SEGMENTAL MOTIONS AND THE MOTION OF THE BODY CENTER OF MASS DURING WALKING: NORMATIVE DATA AND APPLICATIONS TO FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN REHABILITATION MEDICINE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/820051.

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In the present Thesis, walking was analyzed at various velocities in healthy participants, adults and children, on a split-belt treadmill mounted on 3D force sensors. Each belt can rotate at a different velocity, thus inducing artificial claudication. Conventional kinematic (optoelectronic) and surface EMG recordings from several lower limbs muscles were conducted. This experimental setting allowed to investigate both the motion of the body system as a whole (represented by its centre of mass, CoM) and the power provided by lower limb muscles (mostly, the plantar flexors). Various branches of an experimental campaign demonstrated that: a) a lateral shrinking of the CoM path is demonstrated with increasing age in children from 5 to 13 years. The lateral CoM oscillation/velocity function looks like a promising index of neural maturation. b) In adults, the 3D trajectory of the CoM implies a sharp U-turn (radius of curvature as small as 2 mm) at the beginning of the left-to-right (or vice-versa) oscillation, implying demanding muscular coordination. This curvature looks like a promising index of balance during walking. c) The claudication induced by “split” walking causes temporal asymmetries (“escape limp”) analogous to those found in pathologic claudication (shorter stance time, on the faster belt) but opposite spatial and dynamic asymmetries (longer posterior step and higher pantar flexors’ power, on the faster belt). d) The average velocity of the CoM on split-belt treadmills is different from the mean velocity between the belts. This velocity depends on the time spent by the point of application of the resulting ground reaction force on either belt. This implies that errors were made in the Literature, comparing split walking with tied walking at the mean velocity between the two belts. e) A representative unilaterally paretic patient has been analyzed to give an idea of the feasibility and the potential usefulness of the combined segmental and CoM analysis on split-belt treadmills. Overall, the series of experiments paves the way to a more soundly based analysis of pathologic gaits.
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Denoziere, Guilhem. "Numerical Modeling of a Ligamentous Lumbar Motion Segment." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4998.

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Eight out of ten people in the United States will have problems with low back pain at some point in their life. The most significant surgical treatments for low back pain can be distributed into two main groups of solutions: arthrodesis and arthroplasty. Spinal arthrodesis consists of the fusion of a degenerated functional spine unit (FSU) to alleviate pain and prevent mechanical instability. Spinal arthroplasty consists of the implantation of an artificial disc to restore the functionality of the degenerated FSU. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the alteration of the biomechanics of the lumbar spine treated either by arthrodesis or arthroplasty. A three-dimensional finite element model of a ligamentous lumbar motion segment, constituted of two FSUs, was built and simulated through a static analysis with the finite element software ABAQUS. It was shown that the mobility of the segment treated by arthrodesis was reduced in all rotational degrees of freedom by an average of approximately 44%, relative to the healthy model. Conversely, the mobility of the segment treated by arthroplasty was increased in all rotational degrees of freedom by an average of approximately 52%. The FSU implanted with the artificial disc showed a high risk of instability and further degeneration. The mobility and the stresses in the healthy FSU, adjacent to the restored FSU in the segment treated by arthroplasty, were also increased. In conclusion, the simulation of the arthroplasty model showed more risks of instability and further degeneration, on the treated level as well as on the adjacent levels, than in the arthrodesis model.
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Gibson, Thomas J. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Development and validation of a C5/C6 motion segment model." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23086.

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There is a large body of work investigating whiplash-associated injury in motor vehicles and its causation. Being unable to detect the actual injury and having to use the symptoms of the sufferer as a surrogate has made progress in understanding the injury causation slow. Still lacking are the causal relationships between the biomechanical load on the vehicle occupant in the crash, the resulting loading on the neck and the actual injuries suffered. The optimisation of the design of vehicle safety systems to minimise whiplash needs a better understanding of human tolerance to these injuries. This thesis describes the development of a mathematical multi-body C5/C6 motion segment model to investigate the causation of soft-tissue neck injury. This model was validated with available static in-vitro experimental data on excised motion-segments and then integrated into the existing, validated multi-body human head and neck model developed by van der Horst, to allow the application of realistic dynamic loads. The responses and injury sensing capability of the C5/C6 model were compared with available data for volunteers and cadavers in rear impacts. The head and neck model was applied to the investigation of a group of real rear impact crashes (n = 78) of vehicles equipped with a crash-pulse recorder and with known postcrash injury outcomes. The motion of the occupants in these crashes had previously been reconstructed with a MADYMO BioRID II dummy-in-seat model validated by sled testing. The occupant T1 accelerations from these reconstructions were used to drive the head and neck model. The soft-tissue loading at C5/C6 of the head and neck model was analysed during the early stage of the impact, prior to contact with the head restraint. The loading and the pain outcome from the vehicle occupants in the actual crash were compared statistically. For the longer-term whiplash-associated pain outcomes (of greater than 1 month duration) for these occupants, the C5/C6 model indicated good correlation with the magnitude of the shear loading on the facet capsule. In lower severity impacts, the model result supported a second hypothesis of injury to this motion segment: facet surface impingement.
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Chang, Song. "Kinematics and motion planning of a multi-segment wheeled robotic vehicle." Ohio : Ohio University, 1994. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1176839544.

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Valentová, Jana. "Motivy vybraných segmentů cestovního ruchu k návštěvě České republiky." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199596.

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This Ph.D. thesis is aimed at inbound tourism in the Czech Republic, analysis of statistical data and their development in the period of years 2004 -- 2013, characteristics of the main source markets for the Czech Republic, and analysis of motives regarding participants of outbound tourism to the Czech Republic in the observed countries. The principal aim is to analyze and compare intensity of motives of the selected geographic, demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral segments for visits to the Czech Republic. An integral part of the aim is to suggest further possibilities of the motivation research and their exploitation in the marketing practice of the tourism industry. The author defines all theoretical terms closely connected with the tourism market segmentation, motives and motivations to travel including interesting view of them throughout history. It is evident that the travel motives influenced by various factors are differentiated parallely with the human society development. The author characterizes the Czech Republic destination offer and evaluates its inbound tourism in the period of years 2004 -- 2013 by means of 4 main indicators: number of guests, number of overnight stays, average length of stay, foreign currency incomes. The author also evaluates the researches focused on perception of the Czech Republic abroad that was carried out by the institutions representing the Czech Republic abroad. The detailed analysis of travel motivations was performed by the author herself in the form of questionnaires. Results of these analyses bring impulses to other possibilities of the research in the field of inbound tourism not only in the academic sphere but also in research work of state and public authorities, and in practice when creating tourism products and communications mix.
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Martinez, Lozada Francisco Mauricio. "The effects of L4/5 fusion on the adjacent segments in the lumbar spine." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effects-of-l45-fusion-on-the-adjacent-segments-in-the-lumbar-spine(1b88de80-7c39-4646-860d-7312ca21d947).html.

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Lumbar intervertebral disc disorder is a spinal condition that affects the normal function of the intervertebral discs mainly due to the natural aging process. This condition can manifest itself in pain and limited motion in the legs, amongst others. Posterolateral Fusion (PLF) and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) are two of the most used surgical procedures for treating lumbar intervertebral disc disease. Although these procedures are commonly used and performed successfully the impact in terms of the stresses developed in the posterior implants employed and in the spinal components adjacent to the surgical site has not been exhaustively investigated. In addition, the consequences of the procedure on the reduction of the Range of Motion of the lumbar spine is not clearly understood. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of one-level spinal fusion of lumbar segment L4-L5 on the stresses and the range of motion at the remaining, adjacent lumbar levels. Four 3 dimensional finite element models of a lumbosacral spine were created from Computer Tomography data (CT scan). The models were used to investigate four surgical scenarios, including the use of 0o and 4o interbody cages, in addition to the un-instrumented spine for flexion, extension, torsion and lateral bending motions. The predictions obtained from the models enabled the mechanical behaviour of the lumbar spine following fusion surgery using 0 o and 4o cages to be investigated and compared. In addition, a clinical study was performed to quantify the reduction in the range of motion for subjects who had undergone L4/5 posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. The clinical results were compared to those of subjects who had not undergone surgery and to the range of motion predictions from the computational model. The results from this research demonstrate that the insertion of posterior instrumentation does not have an impact on the spinal structures above the L3/4 intervertebral disc. However, the pedicle screws and the insertion of the interbody cages causes stress levels in the area adjacent to the surgical site to rise which could promote accelerated degeneration of the discs. Additionally, this study demonstrates how the pedicle screws are affected by the surgical spinal fusion techniques. Furthermore, the investigation demonstrates how posterior lumbar interbody fusion causes the range of motion of patients that had undergone this surgery to decrease. The results from the comparison of the behaviour of the use of 0º and 4º interbody cages in L4-5 posterolateral fusion demonstrates that the stress levels in the adjacent vertebrae, intervertebral discs and pedicle screw fixation system increase when 4º are used cages than when 0º cages were employed. The results from the in-vitro study show a decrease in the range of motion of the subjects who had undergone L4/5 posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery when compared with the subjects with no low back pain history. This indicates that the PLIF surgery combined with the normal disc degeneration is subjected to higher stresses than the healthy spine.
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Yingling, Vanessa Rose. "Shear loading of the lumbar spine, modulators of motion segment tolerance and the resulting injuries." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22252.pdf.

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Seenivasan, Gopi. "Application of adaptive bone remodelling theory to the motion segments of lumbar spine: a theoretical study." Thesis, University of Iowa, 1993. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5699.

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Books on the topic "Segmental motion"

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D, Binder Marc, and Mendell Lorne M, eds. The Segmental motor system. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

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The Ulam problem of optimal motion of line segments. New York: Optimization Software, Publications Division, 1985.

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Margaret, Sharpe, and Australian Physiotherapy Association, eds. The lumbar spine: Stabilisation training and the lumbar motion segment. Melbourne: Australian Journal of Physiotherapy for the Australian Physiotherapy Association, 1995.

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Skelton, Kimberley, ed. Early Modern Spaces in Motion. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463725811.

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Stretching back to antiquity, motion had been a key means of designing and describing the physical environment. But during the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries, individuals across Europe increasingly designed, experienced, and described a new world of motion: one characterized by continuous, rather than segmented, movement. New spaces that included vistas along house interiors and uninterrupted library reading rooms offered open expanses for shaping sequences of social behaviour, scientists observed how the Earth rotated around the sun, and philosophers attributed emotions to neural vibrations in the human brain. Early Modern Spaces in Motion examines this increased emphasis on motion with eight essays encompassing a geographical span of Portugal to German-speaking lands and a disciplinary range from architectural history to English. It consequently merges longstanding strands of analysis considering people in motion and buildings in motion to explore the cultural historical attitudes underpinning the varied impacts of motion in early modern Europe.
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Shnider, Sara J. Molecular regulators of corticospinal motor neuron diversity and segmental target specificity. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, 2009.

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Leonard, David. The effect of arthroscopic microdiscectomy (AMD) on the response to cyclic loading of lumbar motion segments. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1995.

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Henault, German A. A computer simulation study and component evaluation for a quaternion filter for sourceless tracking of human limb segment motion. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1997.

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Segmental interactions of a three-dimensional soccer instep kick motion. 1991.

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Segmental interactions of a three-dimensional soccer instep kick motion. 1991.

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Segmental interactions of a three-dimensional soccer instep kick motion. 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Segmental motion"

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Bini, Rodrigo R., and Felipe P. Carpes. "Segmental Movements in Cycling." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1741–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_135.

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Bini, Rodrigo R., and Felipe P. Carpes. "Segmental Movements in Cycling." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_135-1.

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Sanders, Ross H., Jordan T. Andersen, and Hideki Takagi. "The Segmental Movements in Front Crawl Swimming." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1703–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_132.

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Sanders, Ross H., Jordan T. Andersen, and Hideki Takagi. "The Segmental Movements in Front Crawl Swimming." In Handbook of Human Motion, 1–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30808-1_132-1.

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Forrester, J., R. A. Silverberg, D. Tzvoni, G. A. Diamond, and R. Vas. "Segmental Myocardial Wall Motion and Myocardial Ischemia." In Assessment of Ventricular Function, 125–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8003-0_10.

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Dominguez, Cinta Ruiz, Nadjia Kachenoura, Sébastien Mulé, Arthur Tenenhaus, Annie Delouche, Olivier Nardi, Olivier Gérard, Benoît Diebold, Alain Herment, and Frédérique Frouin. "Classification of Segmental Wall Motion in Echocardiography Using Quantified Parametric Images." In Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart, 477–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11494621_47.

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Mayo, K. H. "Segmental Motion at the N-Terminal Structural Domain in Epidermal Growth Factor." In Proceedings in Life Sciences, 501–2. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4796-8_44.

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Bandis, Athinodoros, Paul T. Inglefield, Alan A. Jones, and Wen-Yang Wen. "NMR Study of Penetrant Diffusion and Polymer Segmental Motion in Toluene—Polyisobutylene Solutions." In Multidimensional Spectroscopy of Polymers, 254–73. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1995-0598.ch015.

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Nakagawa, T., T. Watanabe, and K. Nagai. "The Segmental Motion and Gas Permeability of Glassy Polymer Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) Membranes." In ACS Symposium Series, 326–33. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0710.ch022.

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Meerhoff, Laurentius A., Harjo J. De Poel, and Chris Button. "Flexible Perception-Action Strategies: The Influence of Segmental and Global Motion Information on Follow-the-Leader Coordination." In First Complex Systems Digital Campus World E-Conference 2015, 191–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45901-1_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Segmental motion"

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Jian Xiang and Hongli Zhu. "A novel segmental method for 3D motion data." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics (ICAL). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ical.2008.4636182.

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Hough, Jessandra, Ryan S. McGinnis, and N. C. Perkins. "Benchmarking the Accuracy of Inertial Measurement Units for Estimating Kinetic Energy." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63303.

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The energetics of human motion has been intensely studied using experimental and theoretical methods. Knowing the kinetic energy of the human body, and its decomposition into the kinetic energies of the major body segments, has tremendous value in applications ranging from physical therapy, athlete training, soldier performance, worker health and safety, among other uses. Significant challenges thwart our ability to measure segmental kinetic energy in real (non-laboratory) environments such as in the home or workplace, or on the playing/training field. The aim of this research is to address these challenges by advancing the use of an array of miniaturized body-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs) for estimating segmental kinetic energy. As a step towards this goal, this study reports a benchmark experiment that demonstrates the accuracy of IMU-derived estimates of segmental kinetic energy. The study is conducted on a well-characterized mechanical system, a double pendulum that also serves as an apt model for the lower or upper extremities. A two-node IMU array is used to measure the kinematics of each segment as input to the segmental kinetic energy computations. The segments are also instrumented with two high-precision optical encoders that provide the truth data for kinetic energy. The segmental kinetic energies estimated using the IMU array remain within 3.5% and 3.9% of the kinetic energies measured by the optical encoders for the top and bottom segments, respectively, for the freely decaying pendulum oscillations considered. These promising results support the future development of body-worn IMU arrays for real-time estimates of segmental kinetic energy for health, sports and military applications.
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Joo, Chang B., and Joo H. Kim. "Criteria and Motion Generation for Multi-Segmental Legged Balancing." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71360.

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This paper investigates the effect of upper body on balancing by comparing balanced state domain in the phase space. Biped mechanism is simplified to multi-segment model which consists of one stance foot, leg, and upper body in sagittal plane. System parameters such as link mass and link length are chosen appropriately based on human anthropometry data. In addition to the system parameters, the necessary and sufficient conditions for balancing are implemented as constraints. Proposed algorithm iteratively solves nonlinear constrained optimization problem to find velocity extrema for a given set of joint variables and a maximum actuation torque. The balanced state domain of an actively controlled swinging arm demonstrates larger domain compared to the domain without swinging arm. While similar results are shown by other various approaches, the proposed algorithm demonstrates identification of the balanced state domain in a deterministic scheme using numerical optimization.
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Pfeiffer, Ferris M., Theodore J. Choma, Santaram Vallurupalli, and Irene H. Mannering. "Segmental Stiffness Achieved by Three Types of Instrumented Fixation for Unstable Lumbar Spondylolytic Motion Segments." In ASME 2009 4th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2009-83015.

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Spondylolysis is a defect in the vertebral pars interarticularis. Its cause may be developmental or due to mechanical etiologies such as trauma. Most childhood and adolescent spondylolisthesis (defined as a slip of one vertebrae relative to another) is associated with spondylolysis of the pars interarticularis at the L5–S1 motion segment.
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Teu, Koon Kiat, Wangdo Kim, Franz Konstantin Fuss, and John Tan. "Analysis of Left Hand Segmental Rotations During Golf Swing." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59919.

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This paper presents a different approach of recording and analysing the swing. The method involved utilizing electrogoniometer (biometrics, UK) to obtain the joint angles throughout the motion and by using Dual Euler velocity analysis, the velocity of the measured segment can be estimated. The results are then processed to ascertain individual segmental contribution to the final club head velocity.
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Ma, Xue Xiao, Alejandro A. Espinoza Orías, Howard S. An, Gunnar B. J. Andersson, and Nozomu Inoue. "Instantaneous Axis of Rotation for Lumbar Spine Torsion Measured In Vivo." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14277.

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Segmental spine instability — especially that of torsional nature — is difficult to diagnose in a degenerative lumbar spine in vivo. The motion of the lumbar segment is of a coupled nature and is described by a total of six degrees of freedom. Relative motion between two bodies in space is described by translations and rotations, and this includes the concept of the instantaneous axis of rotation (IAR). References 1–3 are representative reports of the many available in the literature about calculations of the IAR in cadaveric tissue, usually single motion segments [1–3]. In contrast, results of the IAR for lumbar motion measured in vivo (and by extension, for the whole lumbar spine) are actually scarce. Based on the preliminary report presented by group [4], in the present study we describe the characteristics of the IAR for lumbar spine torsion measured in vivo in a much larger cohort of normal subjects through the application of the method originally described by Kinzel et al. [5].
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Ahmadi, Ehsan, and Mohammad Kashani. "A NEW APPROACH TO MODELLING ROCKING MOTION OF POST-TENSIONED SEGMENTAL COLUMNS." In XI International Conference on Structural Dynamics. Athens: EASD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47964/1120.9132.18998.

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Shilov, Sergej V., H. Skupin, Friedrich Kremer, Kent Skarp, P. Stein, and Heino Finkelmann. "Segmental motion of ferroelectric liquid crystal polymer and elastomer during electro-optical switching." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.299987.

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Redmann, Klaus, and Paul P. Lunkenheimer. "Postoperative monitoring of segmental lung motion and of developed force in the diaphragm." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5761518.

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Redmann and Lunkenheimer. "Postoperative Monitoring Of Segmental Lung Motion And Of Developed Force In The Diaphragm." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.592729.

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Reports on the topic "Segmental motion"

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Pitarka, Arben. Multi Segment Fault Rupture Modeling and Strong Ground Motion Simulation Using Irikura, Japan Recipe: Implementation in the in SCEC BB Platform. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1544495.

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Pawlowski, Wojtek P., and Avraham A. Levy. What shapes the crossover landscape in maize and wheat and how can we modify it. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600025.bard.

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Meiotic recombination is a process in which homologous chromosomes engage in the exchange of DNA segments, creating gametes with new genetic makeup and progeny with new traits. The genetic diversity generated in this way is the main engine of crop improvement in sexually reproducing plants. Understanding regulation of this process, particularly the regulation of the rate and location of recombination events, and devising ways of modifying them, was the major motivation of this project. The project was carried out in maize and wheat, two leading crops, in which any advance in the breeder’s toolbox can have a huge impact on food production. Preliminary work done in the USA and Israeli labs had established a strong basis to address these questions. The USA lab pioneered the ability to map sites where recombination is initiated via the induction of double-strand breaks in chromosomal DNA. It has a long experience in cytological analysis of meiosis. The Israeli lab has expertise in high resolution mapping of crossover sites and has done pioneering work on the importance of epigenetic modifications for crossover distribution. It has identified genes that limit the rates of recombination. Our working hypothesis was that an integrative analysis of double-strand breaks, crossovers, and epigenetic data will increase our understanding of how meiotic recombination is regulated and will enhance our ability to manipulate it. The specific objectives of the project were: To analyze the connection between double-strand breaks, crossover, and epigenetic marks in maize and wheat. Protocols developed for double-strand breaks mapping in maize were applied to wheat. A detailed analysis of existing and new data in maize was conducted to map crossovers at high resolution and search for DNA sequence motifs underlying crossover hotspots. Epigenetic modifications along maize chromosomes were analyzed as well. Finally, a computational analysis tested various hypotheses on the importance of chromatin structure and specific epigenetic modifications in determining the locations of double-strand breaks and crossovers along chromosomes. Transient knockdowns of meiotic genes that suppress homologous recombination were carried out in wheat using Virus-Induced Gene Silencing. The target genes were orthologs of FANCM, DDM1, MET1, RECQ4, and XRCC2.
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