Journal articles: 'Segmental method'

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Kaushik, Ram Kumar, Satyam Khare, Shilpi Jain, Alok Tripathi, Hina Kausar, and Shobhit Raizaday. "Study of Renal Posterior Segmental Artery by Corrosion Cast Method." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, no. 45 (November 9, 2020): 2600–2603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/536.

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BACKGROUND Variations in origin, course and distribution of renal blood vessels are frequent observations. The aim of this study was to observe the pattern of posterior segmental renal artery by corrosion cast method. METHODS Thirty pairs of kidneys were collected from cadavers in anatomy department of Subharti Medical College, Meerut. Corrosion casts of renal arteries were prepared by infusing cellulose acetate butyrate solution through abdominal aorta. They were macerated in conc. hydrochloric acid. Origin, course and distribution of the posterior segmental artery were studied. RESULTS Renal posterior segmental artery most frequently originated as a continuation of the posterior division (93 %). It has no anastomosis with nearby segmental arteries. CONCLUSIONS Posterior segmental artery supplies posterior segment of kidney and may also frequently give origin to apical segmental artery. This study of origin, course, distribution and variations of renal posterior segmental artery will be useful for surgical and radiological practice. KEYWORDS Kidneys, Renal Artery, Anterior Division, Posterior Division, Posterior Segmental Artery, Abdominal Aorta, Corrosion Casts

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Shwetha. K and Dakshayani. K.R. "Morphometric study of the segmental branches of the splenic artery in human cadaver spleens by dissection method." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 2.2 (May 11, 2021): 7965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.103.

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Introduction: Spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. It is supplied by splenic artery the largest branch of coeliac trunk. It traverses through the lienorenal ligament to reach near the hilum of the spleen, where it divides into two or three primary branches, each of which is subdivided mostly into two or four secondary branches. Moreover, a superior polar arteries and inferior polar arteries are given from splenic trunk or from one of its primary branches, which goes to the poles of the spleen, without entering the hilum. The present study was undertaken to know about the morphometry of the segmental branches of splenic artery and polar arteries Material and method: The present study was conducted on 79 adult human cadaver spleens by dissection method of unknown sex, fixed in 10% formalin solution, collected from the Department of Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore. Results: Two primary segmental branches were seen in 56 (70.9%) specimens, three primary segmental branches in 19(24.1%) specimens and four primary segmental branches in 4(5.1%) specimens. Superior polar artery was present in 18(22.8%) specimens and inferior polar artery was present in 32(40.5%) and both superior and inferior polar artery was seen in 5(6.3%) specimens. The length of primary segmental branches varied from 0.2 cm to 4.9 cm. The length of polar arteries varied from 0.7 cm to 5.7 cm. The diameter of primary segmental branches varied from 0.6 mm to 4.7 mm. The diameter of polar branches varied from 0.4 mm to 2.8 mm. Conclusion: The present study adds up to the existing knowledge regarding the morphometry of the segmental branches of splenic artery, as the various splenic conservative surgeries are dependent on better understanding of the vascular anatomy of the spleen. KEY WORDS: Splenic artery, Segmental branches, Polar artery.

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ABDRAHMANOVA, А. I., N. А. TSIBULKIN, M. YU VOLODYUKHIN, and G. G. FAIZULLINA. "Ratio of coronary blood flow by coronary angiography with a 19-segment scheme of the left ventricular myocardium division, depending on the type of blood circulation." Practical medicine 20, no. 2 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2022-2-50-56.

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The purpose — to compare the data on localization of stenosis in coronary arteries with segmental division of left ventricular myocardium. Materials and methods. Analysis of medical literature devoted to interpretation of results of coronary angiography taking into account the schemes of myocardium segmental division and the method of comparing the stenosis localization with myocardium segmental division. Results. The proposed method of comparing the coronary angiography results with the scheme of segmental division of left ventricular myocardium makes it possible to standardize the description of the structure and functions of the left ventricular in terms of the main diagnostic methods which use the myocardium segmental division. Conclusions. The practical application of this method enables to directly correlate the localization of coronary stenosis with those segments of myocardium whose functional state may be impaired.

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Ivanyi, Bela, Robert Pap, and Zoltan Ondrik. "Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy: Diffuse and Segmental Types." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 1533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-1533-tbmnda.

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Abstract Context.—Diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is the ultrastructural diagnostic criterion of thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN). However, there is no consensus regarding what diagnosis should be made if the attenuation is segmental. Objective.—To develop a diagnostic approach to TBMN in cases with segmental GBM thinning. Design.—We compared the diagnostic sensitivities of 2 methods used for the quantitative expression of GBM width in a consecutive series of renal biopsies from 26 patients (median age, 36 years; range, 15 to 59 years) with dysmorphic hematuria (a variable degree of proteinuria in 19 patients), a thin GBM, and absence of other renal disease. The harmonic GBM width was determined from orthogonal intercepts, and the actual width in the thinnest loops was obtained by direct measurement. The GBM attenuation was categorized into diffuse or segmental types by conventional inspection. Results.—Segmental TBMN accounted for one third of the series. In neither type did the male patients have a higher harmonic mean GBM width than the female patients. Focal-global glomerulosclerosis was more common in diffuse TBMN. The laborious orthogonal intercept method proved insensitive for the verification of segmental TBMN, whereas the much simpler direct measurement technique captured all the cases. Conclusions.—A considerable number of patients with TBMN display segmental GBM attenuation. Because the routine criterion excludes these cases from the diagnosis, we propose to define TBMN as a clinicopathologic entity of dysmorphic hematuria and a diffusely or segmentally thinned GBM confirmed by the direct measurement technique.

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Boyko, Kristina V., Erin A. Rosenkranz, Derrick M. Smith, Heather L. Miears, Melissa Oueld es cheikh, Micah Z. Lund, Jeffery C. Young, et al. "Sortase-mediated segmental labeling: A method for segmental assignment of intrinsically disordered regions in proteins." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 28, 2021): e0258531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258531.

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A significant number of proteins possess sizable intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Due to the dynamic nature of IDRs, NMR spectroscopy is often the tool of choice for characterizing these segments. However, the application of NMR to IDRs is often hindered by their instability, spectral overlap and resonance assignment difficulties. Notably, these challenges increase considerably with the size of the IDR. In response to these issues, here we report the use of sortase-mediated ligation (SML) for segmental isotopic labeling of IDR-containing samples. Specifically, we have developed a ligation strategy involving a key segment of the large IDR and adjacent folded headpiece domain comprising the C-terminus of A. thaliana villin 4 (AtVLN4). This procedure significantly reduces the complexity of NMR spectra and enables group identification of signals arising from the labeled IDR fragment, a process we refer to as segmental assignment. The validity of our segmental assignment approach is corroborated by backbone residue-specific assignment of the IDR using a minimal set of standard heteronuclear NMR methods. Using segmental assignment, we further demonstrate that the IDR region adjacent to the headpiece exhibits nonuniform spectral alterations in response to temperature. Subsequent residue-specific characterization revealed two segments within the IDR that responded to temperature in markedly different ways. Overall, this study represents an important step toward the selective labeling and probing of target segments within much larger IDR contexts. Additionally, the approach described offers significant savings in NMR recording time, a valuable advantage for the study of unstable IDRs, their binding interfaces, and functional mechanisms.

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Feng, Kun, Li Zhang, Wenqi Guo, Renjie Yang, Chuan He, and Jingxuan Zhang. "Analysis on the stiffness iteration of segmental joints in segmental linings: Method and sensitivity analysis." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 115 (September 2021): 104043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104043.

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S.N, Umesh, Khizer Hussain Afroze. M, and Sangeeta M. "VARIATIONS IN BRANCHING PATTERN OF SEGMENTAL BRONCHI IN LUNGS USING CONVENTIONAL DISSECTION METHOD." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 7, no. 3.3 (September 5, 2019): 6901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.252.

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Sagath, Lydia, Vilma-Lotta Lehtokari, Carina Wallgren-Pettersson, Katarina Pelin, and Kirsi Kiiski. "A custom ddPCR method for the detection of copy number variations in the nebulin triplicate region." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): e0267793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267793.

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The human genome contains repetitive regions, such as segmental duplications, known to be prone to copy number variation. Segmental duplications are highly identical and homologous sequences, posing a specific challenge for most mutation detection methods. The giant nebulin gene is expressed in skeletal muscle. It harbors a large segmental duplication region composed of eight exons repeated three times, the so-called triplicate region. Mutations in nebulin are known to cause nemaline myopathy and other congenital myopathies. Using our custom targeted Comparative Genomic Hybridization arrays, we have previously shown that copy number variations in the nebulin triplicate region are pathogenic when the copy number of the segmental duplication block deviates two or more copies from the normal number, which is three per allele. To complement our Comparative Genomic Hybridization arrays, we have established a custom Droplet Digital PCR method for the detection of copy number variations within the nebulin triplicate region. The custom Droplet Digital PCR assays allow sensitive, rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective detection of copy number variations within this region and is ready for implementation a screening method for disease-causing copy number variations of the nebulin triplicate region. We suggest that Droplet Digital PCR may also be used in the study and diagnostics of other segmental duplication regions of the genome.

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Mudie, Kurt L., Amitabh Gupta, Simon Green, Hiroaki Hobara, and Peter J. Clothier. "A Comparison of Vertical Stiffness Values Calculated from Different Measures of Center of Mass Displacement in Single-Leg Hopping." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 33, no. 1 (February 2017): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0037.

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This study assessed the agreement between Kvert calculated from 4 different methods of estimating vertical displacement of the center of mass (COM) during single-leg hopping. Healthy participants (N = 38) completed a 10-s single-leg hopping effort on a force plate, with 3D motion of the lower limb, pelvis, and trunk captured. Derived variables were calculated for a total of 753 hop cycles using 4 methods, including: double integration of the vertical ground reaction force, law of falling bodies, a marker cluster on the sacrum, and a segmental analysis method. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated that Kvert calculated using segmental analysis and double integration methods have a relatively small bias (0.93 kN⋅m–1) and 95% limits of agreement (–1.89 to 3.75 kN⋅m–1). In contrast, a greater bias was revealed between sacral marker cluster and segmental analysis (–2.32 kN⋅m–1), sacral marker cluster and double integration (–3.25 kN⋅m–1), and the law of falling bodies compared with all methods (17.26–20.52 kN⋅m–1). These findings suggest the segmental analysis and double integration methods can be used interchangeably for the calculation of Kvert during single-leg hopping. The authors propose the segmental analysis method to be considered the gold standard for the calculation of Kvert during single-leg, on-the-spot hopping.

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Cai, Z., and R. J. Bathurst. "Seismic-induced permanent displacement of geosynthetic-reinforced segmental retaining walls." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 33, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 937–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t96-123.

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This paper describes the application of conventional displacement methods to estimate seismic-induced permanent displacements of geosynthetic-reinforced segmental retaining walls constructed on firm foundations. Permanent displacements associated with three sliding mechanisms are investigated: (1) external sliding along the base of the total wall structure; (2) internal sliding along a reinforcement layer and through the facing column; and (3) block interface shear between facing column units. A pseudostatic method based on the Mononobe-Okabe earth pressure theory is used to determine the value of critical acceleration associated with each potential failure mechanism. Newmark's sliding block displacement method and a number of emperical methods are briefly summarized and can be used to estimate the permanent displacements of segmental retaining walls. An example is given to illustrate the application of the methods presented. Key words: segmental retaining walls, geosynthetics, seismic, Newmark, sliding block, displacement methods.

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Ge, Ji Ping. "Seismic Performance Analysis of a Continuous Girder Bridge with Precast Segmental Pier." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1966–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1966.

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Based on available research results of precast segmental bridge pier, seismic performance of a continuous girder bridge with precast segmental bridge columns using match-cast dry joints was analyzed with the lumped plastic hinge method verified by experiment, the similarities and differences of seismic performance between the continuous girder bridge with precast segmental bridge columns and that of cast-in-placement reinforced concrete bridge columns were gained. Results show that the maximum displacement response of the continuous girder bridge with precast segmental bridge columns is bigger than that of the continuous girder bridge with cast-in-place reinforced concrete bridge columns. While for the residual displacement, the opposite is true. The reason is that the restoring force exists in the precast segmental bridge pier by the prestress strands. The concentrated plastic hinge method for cast-in-place reinforced concrete bridges could be used to bridges with precast segmental bridge columns.

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Li, Han, Jun Li, Yu Xin, Hong Hao, Tan D. Le, and Thong M. Pham. "Prestress Force Monitoring and Quantification of Precast Segmental Beams through Neutral Axis Location Identification." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (March 7, 2022): 2756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052756.

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This paper proposes using neutral axis locations to monitor and quantify the prestress force in post-tensioned precast segmental beams. Strain measurements are used to obtain the neutral axis locations of specific cross-sections of the precast prestressed segmental beams, based on the plane–remains–plane and linear strain distribution assumption. A theoretical calculation method based on the static equilibrium of a specific cross-section is developed to calculate the prestress force in segmental beams based on the neutral axis location. To verify the accuracy of the proposed method, a post-tensioned prestressed segmental beam is built and tested in the laboratory. A corresponding high-fidelity finite element model is also developed based on the beam design and material properties. Experimental studies and numerical simulations are conducted to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method in quantifying the prestress force in precast segmental beams. Both experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can reliably estimate the prestress force, which can be used to monitor the prestress force loss in post-tensioned structures.

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Wang, Liang, Zulin Hua, and Yulin Wang. "Estimation of annual reference condition of Chlorophyll-a based on the segmental linear regression and power-law relationship in Taihu Lake." Water Supply 19, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.060.

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Abstract The reference conditions of Chlorophyll-a in lakes should be established in order to improve the water quality in these water bodies. A new method using segmental linear regression was developed to estimate the reference condition of Chlorophyll-a. The method can overcome the shortcomings of other methods, such as the quantile-selection-based method, which contains a certain level of subjectivity. The new method was used to estimate the annual reference condition of Chlorophyll-a in Taihu Lake. The log–log segmental regression results indicate that the distribution of specific volume (reciprocal of concentration) of Chlorophyll-a in Taihu Lake had a power-law tail. Both segmental regression and bootstrap approaches show two credible change points in the power-law relationship. This study's analysis shows that the value of 4.4 mg·m−3 was an appropriate annual reference value of Chlorophyll-a in Taihu Lake. Thus, the method would be useful in determining the numerical reference conditions of Chlorophyll-a for other shallow lakes.

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Nagahiro, Yukari, Sawako Murakami, Keiji Kamijo, Masakazu Shimada, Nobuo Kanno, Shuji Suzuki, Yasuji Harada, and Yasushi Hara. "Segmental Femoral Ostectomy for the Reconstruction of Femoropatellar Joint in Dogs with Grade IV Medial Patellar Luxation." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 33, no. 04 (May 15, 2020): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709466.

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Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical method of segmental femoral ostectomy for the reconstruction of the femoropatellar joint (FPJ) in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) grade IV. Study Design The medical records of six dogs that underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ for MPL grade IV were retrospectively reviewed. The data included breed, age, body weight, comorbidities, history of orthopaedic abnormalities, pre- and postoperative radiographic findings, morphological indicators measured on three-dimensional computed tomographic multiplanar reconstruction images, surgical methods and postoperative complications. Outcomes Eleven hindlimbs with MPL grade IV in six dogs underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ with the four basic surgical procedures. Six stifle joints with femoral varus deformity were treated by closing wedge ostectomy and segmental ostectomy, while five stifle joints were treated by segmental ostectomy alone. The mean resected femoral length was 11.7 mm. The mean resected femoral length relative to the preoperative femoral length was 14.3%. The stability and congruity of the FPJ was markedly improved, with an increased range of motion in all dogs compared with their preoperative status. Conclusion Segmental femoral ostectomy was a useful treatment method for MPL grade IV with shortened quadriceps muscle length relative to the femoral length. Reconstruction of the FPJ is important for recovery of limb function.

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Dakshayani. K.R and Shwetha. K. "STUDY ON PRIMARY SEGMENTAL BRANCHES OF SPLENIC ARTERY IN CADAVERIC SPLEENS BY DISSECTION METHOD." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 8, no. 1.2 (February 5, 2020): 7324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.367.

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Chanu, Dr Aheibam Linthoingambi. "SEGMENTAL PHONEMES OF LAIRAMLO." Journal of English Language and Literature 09, no. 02 (2022): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54513/joell.2022.9205.

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Lairamlo is the name of the dialect, which is spoken by the Ringpam people in the Ringpam village of Chandel district of Manipur which have 440 (approximately) speakers. Lairamlo is a dialect of Tangkhul. Lairamlo belongs to the Kuki-Chin-Naga sub-group of Tibeto-Burman family (Grierson’s LSI, 1903). The paper will describe the phonemic inventory of the dialect in terms of number of vowels, consonants and diphthongs including their distribution and arrangement in the dialect. The data was collected from Ringpam village of Tengnoupal district of Manipur through questionnaire and interview method.

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Sulardi, Sulardi, Agus Sugianto, Basyaruddin Basyaruddin, Mardewi Jamal, and Ali Arifin. "INSTALASI OFFSHORE DERICK FLARE STACK DENGAN METODE SEGMENTAL." INFO-TEKNIK 23, no. 1 (July 6, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v23i1.14109.

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One of the problems in the construction work of the offshore derick flare stack is the difficulty of lifting and installing the steel structure derick flare installation due to the limited length of the boom crane arm. This study aims to provide an overview of working methods to overcome these difficulties. The working method of handling the problem is dividing structural components segmentally, lifting and installing structural segments with roller-based lifting aids and steel ropes. The results showed that the work method was proven to be able to overcome problems and prevent potential delays in completing work. The results of this study also recommend that this work method can be replicated to overcome problems in other work units that experience similar problems.

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Setyanto, Boedhy, Handono Kalim, Sri Poeranto, and Dhelya Widasmara. "Melan-A expression related to apoptosis of melanocytes in segmental and non-segmental vitiligo." F1000Research 11 (October 25, 2022): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.125285.1.

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Background Vitiligo is a progressive depigmentation of the skin with unclear etiology. Cell-mediated immunity has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo’s progression. Melan-A has a high affinity for specific CD8+ T cells and is one of the critical markers for detecting damage to melanocytes. Our study aims to demonstrate the differences in Melan-A expression associated with apoptosis of melanocytes in patients with segmental vitiligo (SV) and those with non-segmental vitiligo (NSV). Methods A cross-sectional study with 64 patients diagnosed with vitiligo, of whom 33 had NSV and 31 had SV. Skin biopsy and direct immunofluorescence were used to examine Melan-A, and the TUNEL staining method was performed to examine melanocyte apoptosis in both groups. Group comparisons were conducted using appropriate statistical methods. Results Melan-A expression was significantly higher in the NSV group than in the SV group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.001). The median of melanocyte apoptosis in the NSV group was relatively higher than in the SV group, and a significant difference was found between the two groups (p=0.001). The Spearman’s rank correlation test between Melan-A expression and melanocyte apoptosis in the NSV group was 0.767 (76.7%) and showed a significant relationship (p<0.05). The same test in the SV group was 0.583 (58.3%) and showed a significant relationship (p<0.05). In both groups, the higher the Melan-A expression, the higher the melanocyte apoptosis. Conclusion Melan-A expression and melanocyte apoptosis are positively correlated. Higher Melan-A expression and melanocyte apoptosis in NSV indicates more severe vitiligo disease compared to SV.

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Saini, M., D. C. Kerrigan, M. A. Thirunarayan, and M. Duff-Raffaele. "The Vertical Displacement of the Center of Mass During Walking: A Comparison of Four Measurement Methods." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 120, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834293.

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Measuring the vertical displacement of the center of mass (COM) of the body during walking may provide useful information about the energy required to walk. Four methods of varying complexity to estimate the vertical displacement of the COM were compared in 25 able-bodied, female subjects. The first method, the sacral marker method, utilized an external marker on the sacrum as representative of the COM of the body. The second method, the reconstructed pelvis method, which also utilized a marker over the sacrum, theoretically controlled for pelvic tilt motion. The third method, the segmental analysis method, involved measuring motion of the trunk and limb segments. The fourth method, the forceplate method, involved estimating the COM displacement from ground reaction force measurements. A two-tailed paired t-test within an ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference between the sacral marker and the reconstructed pelvis methods (p = 0.839). There was also no statistically significant difference between the sacral marker and the segmental analysis method (p = 0.119) or between the reconstructed pelvis and the segmental analysis method (p = 0.174). It follows that the first method, which is the most simple, can provide essentially the same estimate of the vertical displacement of the COM as the more complicated second and third measures. The forceplate method produced data with a lower range and a different distribution than the other three methods. There was a statistically significant difference between the forceplate method and the other methods (p < 0.01 for each of the three comparisons). The forceplate method provides information that is statistically significantly different from the results of the kinematic methods. The magnitude of the difference is large enough to be physiologically significant and further studies to define the sources of the differences and the relative validity of the two approaches are warranted.

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Kaushik, Ram Kumar, Satyam Khare, Shilpi Jain, Rashmi Ghai, and Priti Sinha. "STUDY OF RENAL APICAL SEGMENTAL ARTERY BY CORROSION CAST METHOD." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 2, no. 42 (October 15, 2015): 7358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2015/995.

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Shushkewich, Kenneth W. "The Strutted Box Widening Method for Prestressed Concrete Segmental Bridges." PCI Journal 48, no. 6 (November 1, 2003): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.11012003.64.81.

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Notghi, A., R. Hutchinson, D. Kumar, N. B. Smith, and L. K. Harding. "Simplified method for the measurement of segmental colonic transit time." Gut 35, no. 7 (July 1, 1994): 976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.35.7.976.

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Chen, Yuan, Xu Han, Pengfei Zhang, Yanjun Fu, Kejun Zhong, and Weihua Zhang. "3D measurement method based on S-shaped segmental phase encoding." Optics & Laser Technology 121 (January 2020): 105781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105781.

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Öztürkmen, Yusuf, Mahmut Karamehmetoğlu, Hilmi Karadeniz, İbrahim Azboy, and Mustafa Caniklioğlu. "Acute treatment of segmental tibial fractures with the Ilizarov method." Injury 40, no. 3 (March 2009): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2008.07.013.

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Tilkeridis, K., A. J. Owen, S. L. Royston, M. G. Dennison, M. Vinsent, and G. Vashista. "The Ilizarov method for the treatment of segmental tibial fractures." Injury Extra 40, no. 10 (October 2009): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2009.06.285.

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Schullinger, John N. "A new method of segmental orthotopic liver transplantation in children." Journal of Pediatric Surgery 24, no. 1 (January 1989): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3468(89)80364-1.

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Bu, Zhan-Yu, and Yu-Chen Ou. "Simplified Analytical Pushover Method for Precast Segmental Concrete Bridge Columns." Advances in Structural Engineering 16, no. 5 (May 2013): 805–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.5.805.

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Tanujaya, Harto, and Steven Darmawan. "Investigation of Flow of the Disc-and-Doughnut Baffles and 40% Cut Segmental Baffles." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 1541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390516.

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Heat exchanger is usually used in manufacturing process. At present, many researchers have efforts to increase the performance of the heat exchanger with less of the cost. This research discussed about the performance of heat exchanger using 40% cut segmental baffles compared with modified double segmental baffles disc-and-doughnut type. In this study, the investigation of the computational results consisted of heat flux, velocity profile along the heat exchanger, pressure distribution and, theoretical heat transfer coefficient and heat exchanger effectiveness. The model was calculated using finite difference method forward modeling with Multiphysics Software and focuses on the performance evaluation of the small shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHE) – laboratory type. The tubes are composed of 14 tubes with 0.583 m length, triangular 30° rotated pitch. The pipe radius of shell and tube are 0.055 m and 0.00635 m, respectively. The baffle radius of disc and doughnut are 0.055 m and 0.025 m, respectively, and the baffle radius of 40% cut segmental baffles are 0.055 m. Both types of the baffle have a distance of 0.116 m which is evenly distributed along the shell. The generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method for the fluid flow case used as an iterative method for solving some of the complex linear equations shows good performance as in reliability and validity. For the 40% cut segmental baffles, fluid flow makes a zigzag pattern, an Eddy or swirling of a fluid, and there was some back mixing of fluid stream which caused several dead zones along the shell. The occurrence of the dead zones caused the heat transfer to be ineffective and gave lower value compared to the double segmental disc-and-doughnut baffles. The 40% cut segmental baffles was also seen to have a higher pressure at the outlet region than the double segmental disc-and-doughnut baffles. The disc-and-doughnut baffles leads to a turbulent fluid flow which causes an increase in heat transfer characteristics and also lower pressure drop than the 40% cut segmental baffles. Based on the theoretical, both types of disc-and-doughnut baffles and the 40% cut segmental baffles of heat exchanger investigated have highest effectiveness at the lowest mass flow rate of the hot fluids (tube).

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Hakopian, Hakop, and Gevorg Mushyan. "ON MULTIVARIATE SEGMENTAL INTERPOLATION PROBLEM." Journal of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37418/jcsam.1.1.3.

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In this paper the following problem is introduced, which we call segmental interpolation problem, or briefly segmental problem: Suppose $\chi = \{ \textrm{x}^{(\nu)} : \nu\in I \}$ is a finite or infinite set of knots in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Suppose also that $\mathcal{S}_I = \{ [\alpha_{\nu},\beta_{\nu}] : \nu\in I \}$ is a respective set of any segments. The segmental problem $\{ \chi, S \}$ is to find a polynomial $p$ in $d$ variables and of total degree less than or equal to $n$, satisfying the conditions \[\alpha_{\nu} \le p(\textrm{x}^{(\nu)})\le\beta_{\nu},\quad \forall \nu\in I.\] We bring a necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability of the segmental problem. In case when the problem is solvable and the set of knots $\chi_I$ is finite, we bring a method to find a solution of the segmental problem.

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Hakopian, Hakop, and Gevorg Mushyan. "ON MULTIVARIATE SEGMENTAL INTERPOLATION PROBLEM." Journal of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37418/jcsam.1.1.3.

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In this paper the following problem is introduced, which we call segmental interpolation problem, or briefly segmental problem: Suppose $\chi = \{ \textrm{x}^{(\nu)} : \nu\in I \}$ is a finite or infinite set of knots in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Suppose also that $\mathcal{S}_I = \{ [\alpha_{\nu},\beta_{\nu}] : \nu\in I \}$ is a respective set of any segments. The segmental problem $\{ \chi, S \}$ is to find a polynomial $p$ in $d$ variables and of total degree less than or equal to $n$, satisfying the conditions \[\alpha_{\nu} \le p(\textrm{x}^{(\nu)})\le\beta_{\nu},\quad \forall \nu\in I.\] We bring a necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability of the segmental problem. In case when the problem is solvable and the set of knots $\chi_I$ is finite, we bring a method to find a solution of the segmental problem.

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Golubovic, Ivan, Zoran Vukasinovic, Predrag Stojiljkovic, Zoran Golubovic, Sonja Stamenic, and Stevo Najman. "Open segmental fractures of the tibia treated by external fixation." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 140, no. 11-12 (2012): 732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1212732g.

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Introduction. Open segmental fractures of the tibia are rare but severe injuries. In these fractures the wide zone of injury (damage of all structures of the lower leg) creates very unsuitable biological conditions for healing of the fracture. Objective. The aim of our work was to present the results of treatment of patients with segmental open fractures of the tibia treated by external fixation. Methods. We analyzed treatment results of 21 patients with open segmental tibial fractures who were treated using the method of external fixation at the Clinical Center Nis from January 1, 1995 to July 31, 2010. The average age of the patients was 53 years; the youngest patient was 27 years and the oldest one 80 years. According to the Gustilo open fracture classification, there were 3 (14.3%) type I, 6 (28.6%) type II, 8 (38.1%) type IIIA, and 4 (19.0%) type IIIB. All the patients were treated by a unilateral type Mitkovic external fixator by Traffix Company. Results. Union was attained in 16 (76.2%) fractures without severe complications (pseudoarthrosis, chronic osteitis and angular deformities of over 10 degrees). Among severe complications associated with open segmental tibial fractures, in two cases we registered septic pseudoarthrosis, in one aseptic pseudoarthrosis and in two large angular deformities of the tibia after union, with a valgus of over 10 degrees and extremity shortening of over 2 cm which required additional surgery. Conclusion. External fixation by the use of Mitkovic external fixator is one of the methods of choice in the treatment of open segmental tibial fractures, which incorporated with antibiotic therapy provides good biomehanical conditions for segmental fracture healing that enables good stability of the segmental tibial fracture and decreases the risk of deep infections.

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Lasi, Febronia. "A Study on the Ability of Supra-Segmental and Segmental Aspects in English Pronunciation." Ethical Lingua: Journal of Language Teaching and Literature 7, no. 2 (October 26, 2020): 426–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30605/25409190.222.

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This study attempted to examine the EFL students’ Basic English Pronunciation (BEP) at the first semester of the English study program, the State University of Timor. It was aimed at finding out the mastery of the students’ ability towards the Basic English Pronunciation (BEP), to what extent do the students still find difficulties to pronounce the basic English words, and to what level do the students' mastery level of pronunciation categorized? The method applied in this research was a descriptive quantitative method that employed the syntax of mathematical operation to investigate the properties of data collection (Walliman, 2005). The instrument was a list of 24 numbers of groups of Voice Consonants and Unvoiced Consonants of Basic English Pronunciation taken from “Improve Your English Pronunciation and Learn over 500 Commonly Mispronounced Words”, meanwhile, 26 students were chosen from the freshmen students of English Study Program (ESP) to be the subject of this present study. The result showed that the students’ ability in pronouncing the Basic English words was fair. Particularly, the students mostly had the ‘Enough’ level of ability at the four elements of supra-segmental as such: stress, intonation, voice quality and gesture. Specifically, at this ‘Enough level’, there were 16 students (61.5%) of ‘Stress’ element, 17 students (65.3%) of ‘Intonation’ element, 13 students (50.0%) of ‘Voice Quality’ and ‘Gestures’ as part of Segmental element was 16 students (61.5%). Meanwhile, at the ‘Rhythm’ element, most students (53.8% = 14 students) showed the ‘Less’ ability in this element and only 12 (46.1%) categorized at the level of ‘Enough’’. Otherwise, there were no students in the ‘Bad’ level category. However, few students still encountered difficulties in Segmental element (Voice Quality) and Supra-segmental parts such as words’ stressing, intonation, rhythm, and gestures respectively.

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Li, Hong Jiang. "Influence of Stiffness Weakening at Construction Joints on the Deflection of Cantilevering-Cast Prestressed Concrete Box Girder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 777 (July 2015): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.777.34.

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For a long-span prestressed concrete box-girder bridge erected by the double-cantilever segmental method, concrete of segmental joints and concrete in their nearby area may be different from integrally-cast concrete in structural performances. For example, the stiffness of segmental joints could be weakened significantly. To reveal influences of weakening in the stiffness of segmental joints on the deflection at mid-span of box girder, a typical continuous rigid frame bridge in China was taken as the analysis example, and its finite element models were established. In these models, weakening joints were simulated. After the validity of finite element models were warranted, the deflection in the completed construction stage and the long-term deflection in the running period of box girder were calculated, and then the variation of these deflections with the stiffness reduction in all segmental joints was described. Results showed that, compared with the shearing stiffness reduction in segmental joints, the bending stiffness reduction played more significant role in affecting the deflection of box girder. When the weakening times of joint stiffness arrived at 100, deflection values of the box girder increased significantly. However, in the practical engineering, the determination of stiffness reduction in segmental joints according by their damages, and the incorporation of weakening segmental joints into the bearing capacity assessment for existing box girders were all worth further study.

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Naumenko, E. P. "THE POTENTIAL OF SPEKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE EVALUATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF ISHEMIC HEART DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS OF II-III FUNCTIONAL CLASS AND DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 4 (December 28, 2015): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2015-12-4-10.

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The article deals with the evaluation of comprehensive and segmental systolic deformation of the myocardium by the method of speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with the stable angina pectoris of II and III functional class accompanied by diabetes mellitus type 2 and in patients with isolated stable angina pectoris and isolated diabetes mellitus type 2. This study resulted in the evaluation of the comprehensive and segmental systolic myocardium deformation indicators diagnostic utility, the indication of threshold levels for the diagnosis of comprehensive and segmental systolic deformation of myocardium caused by coronary atherosclerosis in patients.

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Ozudogru, Z., and D. Ozdemir. "Intrarenal arterial patterns in the wolf (Canis lupis)." Veterinární Medicína 50, No. 9 (March 28, 2012): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5641-vetmed.

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Study of the intrarenal arterial pattern of kidney by a corrosion cast method was carried out on 10 kidneys of wolves. The left renal artery was longer than the right one. The renal arteries divided into two dorsal and one ventral branches. The dorsal branches were longer and thinner than the ventral one. Both dorsal and ventral branches gave off the interlobar, arcuate and interlobular arteries, respectively. The right dorsal branch gave off 5–7 segmental arteries, the right ventral branch 4–5 segmental arteries, the left dorsal branch 6–9 segmental arteries and the left ventral branch 7–8 segmental arteries. No anastomoses were observed between the renal arteries and their branches.

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Ismail, Nagham, Nesreen Ghaddar, and Kamel Ghali. "Improving local ventilation prediction by accounting for inter-segmental ventilation." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 5 (July 21, 2016): 511–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516632474.

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The inter-segmental ventilation rate at clothing inter-connection of arms and trunk affects the estimation of local ventilation rates of these clothed segments. The accurate estimation of the inter-segmental ventilation rate is based on the integration of a connected clothed cylinders model with a bio-heat model to predict a realistic segmental skin temperature. This integration is validated with experiments on a thermal manikin using the tracer gas method. The results show that accounting for the inter-segmental ventilation rate improves the estimation of the segmental ventilation of the arm and the trunk for different garment apertures at external wind velocities less than 4 m/s. For a wind velocity of 1 m/s, the inter-connection increased the trunk ventilation by up to 12% and heat loss by up to 5.46%. A statistical correlation is established for the inter-segmental ventilation rate in terms of the influencing parameters: air permeability, wind velocity, mean air gap size between skin and clothing, and the upper clothing aperture design. Furthermore, a local ventilation rate correction factor equation is developed as a function of the inter-segmental ventilation rate to correct for local ventilation rates when derived from values of isolated/unconnected clothed segments.

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Behrman, Alison. "Segmental and Prosodic Approaches to Accent Management." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 23, no. 4 (November 2014): 546–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_ajslp-13-0074.

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Purpose This study investigated the relative outcomes of segmental and prosodic training of nonnative speakers of American English. Method The study used a single-subject, alternating treatments, multiple baseline design with replication across participants and counterbalanced for order effect. Participants were 4 adult male native Hindi speakers proficient in English. Two participants received ABABCACA (A = baseline/withdrawal, B = segmental training, C = prosody training), and 2 participants received ACACBABA, with a minimum of 5 sessions per phase. Segmental accuracy and prosodic accuracy were probed at each session, as were perception of accentedness and ease of understanding. Results Visual assessment of data and effect size calculation demonstrated that segmental and prosody training resulted in increased accuracy of pronunciation and prosody patterns, respectively, and those improvements appeared to be maintained over the short term. Listeners perceived lesser accent and easier understanding as a result of the combination of segmental and prosody training. The findings are uncertain with respect to the relative contribution of segmental and prosody training, and they may be speaker dependent, but the data do suggest that both components are important. Conclusion Accent management, consisting of both segmental and prosody training, yielded positive outcomes. Further research with native language speakers of other languages is important to verify and expand on these findings.

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Trad, Rim, Hussein Mroueh, Hanbing Bian, and Fabrice Cormery. "Synthesis of numerical methods for the design of segmental tunnel lining." MATEC Web of Conferences 295 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929503008.

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This paper presents a numerical study that aims to compare the behavior of the segmental tunnel lining using the direct, indirect and experimental methods. This model is based on a practical case applied in university of Tongji: a project of water conveyance tunnel. A reduction in the bending moment and increasing of the displacement in the tunnel lining is showed in numerical results, when taking into account the effect of the joints. It has been shown that the number of joints in the tunnel-lining structure highly affects the results in terms internal forces and displacements. Furthermore, the internal forces obtained by the continuous method are high compared to the other methods when the effects on segmental joints on tunnel lining behaviour are usually considered. Additionally, the bending moment of the direct method with behaviour of rotation spring linear and experimental method is comparable.

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Abdulhameed, Ali Adel, and AbdulMuttalib Issa Said. "Behaviour of Segmental Concrete Beams Reinforced by Pultruded CFRP Plates: An Experimental Study." Journal of Engineering 25, no. 8 (July 31, 2019): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2019.08.05.

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The research aims to develop an innovative technique for segmental beam fabrication using plain concrete blocks and externally bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Laminates (CFRP) as a main flexural reinforcement. Six beams designed and tested under two-point loadings. Several parameters included in the fabrication of segmental beam were studied such as; bonding length of carbon fiber reinforced polymers, the surface-to-surface condition of concrete segments, interface condition of the bonding surface and thickness of epoxy resin layers. Test results of the segmental beams specimens compared with that gained from testing reinforced concrete beam have similar dimensions for validations. The results display the effectiveness of the developed fabrication method of segmental beams. The modified design procedure for externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymers ACI 440.2R-17 was developed for designing segmental beams. The experimental test values also compared with design values, and it was 93.3% and 105.8% of the design values, which indicates the effectiveness of the developed procedure.

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Abdulhameed, Ali A., and AbdulMuttalib Issa Said. "Behaviour of Segmental Concrete Beams Reinforced by Pultruded CFRP Plates: an Experimental Study." Journal of Engineering 25, no. 8 (August 5, 2019): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2019.08.11.

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Research aims to develop a novel technique for segmental beam fabrication using plain concrete blocks and externally bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Laminates (CFRP) as a main flexural reinforcement. Six beams designed an experimentally tested under two-point loadings. Several parameters included in the fabrication of segmental beam studied such as; bonding length of carbon fiber reinforced polymers, the surface-to-surface condition of concrete segments, interface condition of the bonding surface, and thickness of epoxy resin layers. Test results of the segmental beams specimens compared with that gained from testing reinforced concrete beam have similar dimensions for validations. The results show the effectiveness of the developed fabrication method of segmental beams. The modified design procedure for externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymers ACI 440.2R-17 developed for designing segmental beams. The experimental test values also compared with design values and it was 93.3% and 105.8% of the design values which indicates the effectiveness of the developed procedure.

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Darma, Ahmad Zulfikar Adi, and Siti Nurani. "The Phonological Analysis of Russian Accent in the Way Back Movie by Peter Weir." JEdu: Journal of English Education 1, no. 2 (July 24, 2021): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jedu.v1i2.4129.

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Many speakers around the world have their own way in pronouncing English words as International language. The unique way in pronouncing English words is called accent. This research aims at analyzing the deviances on segmental vowel quality and quantity made by the Russian speaker in The Way Back movie by Peter Weir regarding to English short and long vowels in Russian accent. The research method was descriptive qualitative method. The research data was collected from converted audio of The Way Back Movie by Peter Weir. The data was then trimmed, selected and extracted by Praat software analysis. The results show that the Russian speaker makes deviances in pronouncing English vowel quality and vowel quantity. The total amount of deviances is 169 deviances which are divided into three classifications; those are segmental vowel quality, combinatorial quality and segmental vowel quantity deviances. The deviance that is mostly made by the Russian speaker is segmental vowel quality deviance, whereas the deviance that is rarely made by the Russian speaker is combinatorial vowel quality.

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Kou, Lei, Zhihui Xiong, Hao Cui, and Jinjie Zhao. "Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Segmental Joints of a Large-Diameter Shield Tunnel under Ultrahigh Water Pressure." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 8392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248392.

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At present, there is no clear design standard for segmental joints of large-diameter shield tunnels under high water pressure. In this paper, a theoretical calculation model for the bending stiffness of segmental joints under high water pressure is proposed. The numerical simulation method is used to investigate the failure and crack formation processes of single-layer and double-layer lining segments under large axial forces. The effects of axial force, bolt strength, and concrete strength on the bending stiffness of joints are then studied using a theoretical calculation model of segmental joints. The results show that under extremely high water pressure, the influence of double lining on joint stiffness is limited. It is more rational and safe to compute the bending stiffness of segmental joints using this theoretical model rather than the numerical simulation method. The parameter analysis reveals that increasing the bolt strength has a minor impact on bending stiffness and deformation, whereas increasing the concrete strength has the opposite effect. The influence of ultimate bearing capacity and deformation decreases non-linearly as the axial force increases.

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Huang, Bingquan, Richard J. Bathurst, Kianoosh Hatami, and Tony M. Allen. "Influence of toe restraint on reinforced soil segmental walls." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, no. 8 (August 2010): 885–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t10-002.

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A verified fast Lagrangian analysis of continua (FLAC) numerical model is used to investigate the influence of horizontal toe stiffness on the performance of reinforced soil segmental retaining walls under working stress (operational) conditions. Results of full-scale shear testing of the interface between the bottom of a typical modular block and concrete or crushed stone levelling pads are used to back-calculate toe stiffness values. The results of numerical simulations demonstrate that toe resistance at the base of a reinforced soil segmental retaining wall can generate a significant portion of the resistance to horizontal earth loads in these systems. This partially explains why reinforcement loads under working stress conditions are typically overestimated using current limit equilibrium-based design methods. Other parameters investigated are wall height, interface shear stiffness between blocks, wall facing batter, reinforcement stiffness, and reinforcement spacing. Computed reinforcement loads are compared with predicted loads using the empirical-based K-stiffness method. The K-stiffness method predictions are shown to better capture the qualitative trends in numerical results and be quantitatively more accurate compared with the AASHTO simplified method.

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Abdulhameed, Ali A., and Abdul Muttalib I. Said. "Systematic Design of Short-Span Segmental Beams Reinforced by CFRP Plates." Key Engineering Materials 857 (August 2020): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.857.130.

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The main objective of this study is to introduce a systematic design procedure for short-span segmental beams following a sophisticated ACI 440.2R-17 design procedure. The general aspects of innovative short-span segmental beams are easy to fabricate, economical and rapidly placed in pre-specified positions. Short-span segmental beams fabricated from individual precast plain-concrete blocks and CFRP plates. Recently, experimental tests performed on short-span segmental beams, by the authors, investigated CFRP plate-bonding, CFRP plate cross-sectional area, the thickness of plate-bonding epoxy resin, surface-to-surface condition of concrete blocks, as well as, interface condition of the bonding surface. The experimental program comprises testing of eight short-span segmental beams with an overall length, width and depth of (900, 200 and 80) mm, respectively, divided into four groups and subjected to 4-point bending test. The investigated test specimens exhibited considerable flexural strength under loading. Systematic designing of short-span segmental beams (SSSB) is presented in the current research. The advanced design method of SSSB with 1-layer of CFRP plates revealed an overestimation in ultimate strength by (73 and 15) % from the tested SSSB consisted of 1-layer CFRP/cementitious adhesive and SSSB has 1-layer CFRP/epoxy adhesive; respectively. Whereas the design method of SSSB with 2-layer of CFRP plates resulted in overestimation in strength by (71 and 45) % from the physical models of SSSB consisted of 2-layer CFRP/cementitious adhesive and SSSB has 2-layer CFRP /epoxy adhesive; respectively.

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Carlson, Wayne R., and Robin R. Roseman. "Segmental duplication of distal chromosomal regions in maize." Genome 34, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-083.

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A number of cytogenetic methods have been used to duplicate specific chromosomal segments in maize. However, most of these techniques do not produce heritably stable duplications. The absence of stable inheritance for a duplication means that stock maintenance is difficult and potential agricultural applications cannot be pursued. Two methods for producing stable segmental duplications in maize have been previously proposed. Both methods utilize translocations between the maize B chromosome and standard chromosomes (B–A translocations). One technique duplicates proximal chromosomal segments, while the other duplicates distal regions. The proximal-duplication method was tested earlier. The distal-duplication technique is analyzed here. Two homozygous distal duplications were constructed and tested for gametic transmission. The duplications were found to be heritably stable within the limits of the genetic and cytological tests that were employed.Key words: B chromosome, maize, duplication.

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TATEYAMA, Kazuyoshi, Minoru KURAHASHI, Yingyongrattanakul NARENTORN, Takao YANO, and Toshihisa ADACHI. "Experimental study on segmental lining in flat sectional shield tunneling method." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 729 (2003): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.2003.729_99.

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Pillai, Srikumar B., Mark H. Luquette, Philip T. Nowicki, and Gail E. Besner. "Segmental Intestinal Ischemia: An Improved Method of Producing Small Bowel Injury." Journal of Investigative Surgery 11, no. 2 (January 1998): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08941939809032191.

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O’Shea, K., M. Sedhom, A. North, J. Stratton, and D. Moore. "Management of segmental defects using the Ilizarov method of bone transport." Irish Journal of Medical Science 171, S2 (July 2002): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03170107.

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GREEN, STUART A., JAMES M. JACKSON, DAVID M. WALL, HARRY MARINOW, and JACOB ISHKANIAN. "Management of Segmental Defects by the Ilizarov Intercalary Bone Transport Method." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 280 (July 1992): 136???142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199207000-00016.

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Zhang, Wencui, Jian Zhang, Jingru Yan, and Yaohong Zhu. "Selection of the Key Segment Position for Trapezoidal Tapered Rings and Calculation of the Range of Jack Stroke Differences with a Predetermined Key Segment Position." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (December 24, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3606389.

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It is generally accepted that selecting the key segment position for trapezoidal tapered rings and controlling the shield machine advancement are challenging tasks for shield tunneling projects. In this work, we propose a method for calculating the key segment position based on the shield tail gap, jack stroke difference, and lining trend. To calculate all possible key segment positions other than that corresponding to the straight joint configuration, the shield tail gap that remains after segment assembly and the jack stroke difference corresponding to the advancement of the segmental lining and lining trend were computed; then, values and importance coefficients were assigned to these factors according to current operating conditions. To ensure that the segmental lining can be assembled successfully with the calculated key position, we established a model to calculate the change in the shield tail gap before and after shield machine advancement based on the spatial relationships of the shield machine, the currently installed segmental rings, and the segment to be installed. Further, we propose a method for calculating the range of jack stroke differences when the predetermined “permitted shield tail gap” and key position are provided. The method is based on the change in the shield tail gap calculated with the above model and the positional relationship between the shield machine’s actual axis and the designed tunnel axis after the current segmental ring has been assembled. The calculated range of jack stroke differences may then be used to control the advancement of the shield machine. We validated the viability of our methods by using the data of Phase 1 works on Line 2 of the Ningbo Rail Transit system.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Segmental method'

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