Relevant bibliographies by topics / Segmental method

Academic literature on the topic 'Segmental method'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Segmental method"

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Kaushik, Ram Kumar, Satyam Khare, Shilpi Jain, Alok Tripathi, Hina Kausar, and Shobhit Raizaday. "Study of Renal Posterior Segmental Artery by Corrosion Cast Method." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, no. 45 (November 9, 2020): 2600–2603. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/536.

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BACKGROUND Variations in origin, course and distribution of renal blood vessels are frequent observations. The aim of this study was to observe the pattern of posterior segmental renal artery by corrosion cast method. METHODS Thirty pairs of kidneys were collected from cadavers in anatomy department of Subharti Medical College, Meerut. Corrosion casts of renal arteries were prepared by infusing cellulose acetate butyrate solution through abdominal aorta. They were macerated in conc. hydrochloric acid. Origin, course and distribution of the posterior segmental artery were studied. RESULTS Renal posterior segmental artery most frequently originated as a continuation of the posterior division (93 %). It has no anastomosis with nearby segmental arteries. CONCLUSIONS Posterior segmental artery supplies posterior segment of kidney and may also frequently give origin to apical segmental artery. This study of origin, course, distribution and variations of renal posterior segmental artery will be useful for surgical and radiological practice. KEYWORDS Kidneys, Renal Artery, Anterior Division, Posterior Division, Posterior Segmental Artery, Abdominal Aorta, Corrosion Casts
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Shwetha. K and Dakshayani. K.R. "Morphometric study of the segmental branches of the splenic artery in human cadaver spleens by dissection method." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 2.2 (May 11, 2021): 7965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.103.

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Introduction: Spleen is the largest lymphoid organ. It is supplied by splenic artery the largest branch of coeliac trunk. It traverses through the lienorenal ligament to reach near the hilum of the spleen, where it divides into two or three primary branches, each of which is subdivided mostly into two or four secondary branches. Moreover, a superior polar arteries and inferior polar arteries are given from splenic trunk or from one of its primary branches, which goes to the poles of the spleen, without entering the hilum. The present study was undertaken to know about the morphometry of the segmental branches of splenic artery and polar arteries Material and method: The present study was conducted on 79 adult human cadaver spleens by dissection method of unknown sex, fixed in 10% formalin solution, collected from the Department of Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore. Results: Two primary segmental branches were seen in 56 (70.9%) specimens, three primary segmental branches in 19(24.1%) specimens and four primary segmental branches in 4(5.1%) specimens. Superior polar artery was present in 18(22.8%) specimens and inferior polar artery was present in 32(40.5%) and both superior and inferior polar artery was seen in 5(6.3%) specimens. The length of primary segmental branches varied from 0.2 cm to 4.9 cm. The length of polar arteries varied from 0.7 cm to 5.7 cm. The diameter of primary segmental branches varied from 0.6 mm to 4.7 mm. The diameter of polar branches varied from 0.4 mm to 2.8 mm. Conclusion: The present study adds up to the existing knowledge regarding the morphometry of the segmental branches of splenic artery, as the various splenic conservative surgeries are dependent on better understanding of the vascular anatomy of the spleen. KEY WORDS: Splenic artery, Segmental branches, Polar artery.
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ABDRAHMANOVA, А. I., N. А. TSIBULKIN, M. YU VOLODYUKHIN, and G. G. FAIZULLINA. "Ratio of coronary blood flow by coronary angiography with a 19-segment scheme of the left ventricular myocardium division, depending on the type of blood circulation." Practical medicine 20, no. 2 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2022-2-50-56.

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The purpose — to compare the data on localization of stenosis in coronary arteries with segmental division of left ventricular myocardium. Materials and methods. Analysis of medical literature devoted to interpretation of results of coronary angiography taking into account the schemes of myocardium segmental division and the method of comparing the stenosis localization with myocardium segmental division. Results. The proposed method of comparing the coronary angiography results with the scheme of segmental division of left ventricular myocardium makes it possible to standardize the description of the structure and functions of the left ventricular in terms of the main diagnostic methods which use the myocardium segmental division. Conclusions. The practical application of this method enables to directly correlate the localization of coronary stenosis with those segments of myocardium whose functional state may be impaired.
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Ivanyi, Bela, Robert Pap, and Zoltan Ondrik. "Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy: Diffuse and Segmental Types." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 1533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-1533-tbmnda.

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Abstract Context.—Diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is the ultrastructural diagnostic criterion of thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN). However, there is no consensus regarding what diagnosis should be made if the attenuation is segmental. Objective.—To develop a diagnostic approach to TBMN in cases with segmental GBM thinning. Design.—We compared the diagnostic sensitivities of 2 methods used for the quantitative expression of GBM width in a consecutive series of renal biopsies from 26 patients (median age, 36 years; range, 15 to 59 years) with dysmorphic hematuria (a variable degree of proteinuria in 19 patients), a thin GBM, and absence of other renal disease. The harmonic GBM width was determined from orthogonal intercepts, and the actual width in the thinnest loops was obtained by direct measurement. The GBM attenuation was categorized into diffuse or segmental types by conventional inspection. Results.—Segmental TBMN accounted for one third of the series. In neither type did the male patients have a higher harmonic mean GBM width than the female patients. Focal-global glomerulosclerosis was more common in diffuse TBMN. The laborious orthogonal intercept method proved insensitive for the verification of segmental TBMN, whereas the much simpler direct measurement technique captured all the cases. Conclusions.—A considerable number of patients with TBMN display segmental GBM attenuation. Because the routine criterion excludes these cases from the diagnosis, we propose to define TBMN as a clinicopathologic entity of dysmorphic hematuria and a diffusely or segmentally thinned GBM confirmed by the direct measurement technique.
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Boyko, Kristina V., Erin A. Rosenkranz, Derrick M. Smith, Heather L. Miears, Melissa Oueld es cheikh, Micah Z. Lund, Jeffery C. Young, et al. "Sortase-mediated segmental labeling: A method for segmental assignment of intrinsically disordered regions in proteins." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 28, 2021): e0258531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258531.

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A significant number of proteins possess sizable intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). Due to the dynamic nature of IDRs, NMR spectroscopy is often the tool of choice for characterizing these segments. However, the application of NMR to IDRs is often hindered by their instability, spectral overlap and resonance assignment difficulties. Notably, these challenges increase considerably with the size of the IDR. In response to these issues, here we report the use of sortase-mediated ligation (SML) for segmental isotopic labeling of IDR-containing samples. Specifically, we have developed a ligation strategy involving a key segment of the large IDR and adjacent folded headpiece domain comprising the C-terminus of A. thaliana villin 4 (AtVLN4). This procedure significantly reduces the complexity of NMR spectra and enables group identification of signals arising from the labeled IDR fragment, a process we refer to as segmental assignment. The validity of our segmental assignment approach is corroborated by backbone residue-specific assignment of the IDR using a minimal set of standard heteronuclear NMR methods. Using segmental assignment, we further demonstrate that the IDR region adjacent to the headpiece exhibits nonuniform spectral alterations in response to temperature. Subsequent residue-specific characterization revealed two segments within the IDR that responded to temperature in markedly different ways. Overall, this study represents an important step toward the selective labeling and probing of target segments within much larger IDR contexts. Additionally, the approach described offers significant savings in NMR recording time, a valuable advantage for the study of unstable IDRs, their binding interfaces, and functional mechanisms.
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Feng, Kun, Li Zhang, Wenqi Guo, Renjie Yang, Chuan He, and Jingxuan Zhang. "Analysis on the stiffness iteration of segmental joints in segmental linings: Method and sensitivity analysis." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 115 (September 2021): 104043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104043.

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S.N, Umesh, Khizer Hussain Afroze. M, and Sangeeta M. "VARIATIONS IN BRANCHING PATTERN OF SEGMENTAL BRONCHI IN LUNGS USING CONVENTIONAL DISSECTION METHOD." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 7, no. 3.3 (September 5, 2019): 6901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.252.

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Sagath, Lydia, Vilma-Lotta Lehtokari, Carina Wallgren-Pettersson, Katarina Pelin, and Kirsi Kiiski. "A custom ddPCR method for the detection of copy number variations in the nebulin triplicate region." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): e0267793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267793.

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The human genome contains repetitive regions, such as segmental duplications, known to be prone to copy number variation. Segmental duplications are highly identical and homologous sequences, posing a specific challenge for most mutation detection methods. The giant nebulin gene is expressed in skeletal muscle. It harbors a large segmental duplication region composed of eight exons repeated three times, the so-called triplicate region. Mutations in nebulin are known to cause nemaline myopathy and other congenital myopathies. Using our custom targeted Comparative Genomic Hybridization arrays, we have previously shown that copy number variations in the nebulin triplicate region are pathogenic when the copy number of the segmental duplication block deviates two or more copies from the normal number, which is three per allele. To complement our Comparative Genomic Hybridization arrays, we have established a custom Droplet Digital PCR method for the detection of copy number variations within the nebulin triplicate region. The custom Droplet Digital PCR assays allow sensitive, rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective detection of copy number variations within this region and is ready for implementation a screening method for disease-causing copy number variations of the nebulin triplicate region. We suggest that Droplet Digital PCR may also be used in the study and diagnostics of other segmental duplication regions of the genome.
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Mudie, Kurt L., Amitabh Gupta, Simon Green, Hiroaki Hobara, and Peter J. Clothier. "A Comparison of Vertical Stiffness Values Calculated from Different Measures of Center of Mass Displacement in Single-Leg Hopping." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 33, no. 1 (February 2017): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0037.

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This study assessed the agreement between Kvert calculated from 4 different methods of estimating vertical displacement of the center of mass (COM) during single-leg hopping. Healthy participants (N = 38) completed a 10-s single-leg hopping effort on a force plate, with 3D motion of the lower limb, pelvis, and trunk captured. Derived variables were calculated for a total of 753 hop cycles using 4 methods, including: double integration of the vertical ground reaction force, law of falling bodies, a marker cluster on the sacrum, and a segmental analysis method. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated that Kvert calculated using segmental analysis and double integration methods have a relatively small bias (0.93 kN⋅m–1) and 95% limits of agreement (–1.89 to 3.75 kN⋅m–1). In contrast, a greater bias was revealed between sacral marker cluster and segmental analysis (–2.32 kN⋅m–1), sacral marker cluster and double integration (–3.25 kN⋅m–1), and the law of falling bodies compared with all methods (17.26–20.52 kN⋅m–1). These findings suggest the segmental analysis and double integration methods can be used interchangeably for the calculation of Kvert during single-leg hopping. The authors propose the segmental analysis method to be considered the gold standard for the calculation of Kvert during single-leg, on-the-spot hopping.
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Cai, Z., and R. J. Bathurst. "Seismic-induced permanent displacement of geosynthetic-reinforced segmental retaining walls." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 33, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): 937–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t96-123.

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This paper describes the application of conventional displacement methods to estimate seismic-induced permanent displacements of geosynthetic-reinforced segmental retaining walls constructed on firm foundations. Permanent displacements associated with three sliding mechanisms are investigated: (1) external sliding along the base of the total wall structure; (2) internal sliding along a reinforcement layer and through the facing column; and (3) block interface shear between facing column units. A pseudostatic method based on the Mononobe-Okabe earth pressure theory is used to determine the value of critical acceleration associated with each potential failure mechanism. Newmark's sliding block displacement method and a number of emperical methods are briefly summarized and can be used to estimate the permanent displacements of segmental retaining walls. An example is given to illustrate the application of the methods presented. Key words: segmental retaining walls, geosynthetics, seismic, Newmark, sliding block, displacement methods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Segmental method"

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Hoelscher, Aaron Kindall. "Test method development for evaluating the freeze-thaw performance of segmental retaining wall blocks." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4967.

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Segmental retaining walls (SRW), typically constructed along highways, have grown in popularity over the past decade. Manufacturers of SRW blocks have estimated the service life of a properly constructed wall to be approximately 75 years. However, there have been reports of SRW systems failing after only five years in service. Suspected causes of the SRW failures are freeze-thaw damage while exposed to deicing salts sprayed by snow plows from highways. The current standard test method used for evaluating the freeze-thaw durability of SRW blocks has several drawbacks and does not accurately replicate environmental exposure field conditions. The objective of this research is to develop and assess a new standard test method for evaluating the freeze-thaw durability of SRW blocks that obtains reproducible results and offers sufficient information on the freeze-thaw performance for SRW block manufacturers and state highway agencies (SHAs). The research completed a preliminary proof of concept test for the new freezethaw test method developed using small, commercially available SRW blocks to mitigate potential problems and establish appropriate test parameters. The testing produced results of freeze-thaw degradation that followed the same modes of failure that has been discovered during field evaluations. After the proof of concept test was completed, a series of freeze-thaw tests were conducted using sets of SHA approved and non-SHA approved SRW blocks. Three different manufacturers’ SRW blocks were evaluated. There was no significant freezethaw degradation of any of the blocks after 200 freeze-thaw cycles, so for two blocks, experiments were extended to 400 cycles using a twelve-hour freeze-thaw cycle. The modification of the test did not result in more rapid deterioration of the SRW blocks. The researchers found that the freeze-thaw durability test method developed herein is beneficial for determining the freeze-thaw performance of the lower quality specified blocks. The test method gives realistic results, which match typical deterioration modes that are common in field settings, in a timely manner. However, the test method for testing SHA quality SRW blocks takes longer times and may not be a reasonable test for such products.
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Koneshwaran, Sivalingam. "Blast response and sensitivity analysis of segmental tunnel." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/78619/1/Sivalingam_Koneshwaran_Thesis.pdf.

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This research treated the response of underground transportation tunnels to surface blast loads using advanced computer simulation techniques. The influences of important parameters, such as tunnel material, geometrical configuration of segments and surrounding soil were investigated. The findings of this research offer significant new information on the blast performance of underground tunnels and will contribute towards future civil engineering applications.
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Cimentepe, Ahmet Guray. "Evaluation Of Structural Analysis Methods Used For The Design Of Tbm Segmental Linings." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612795/index.pdf.

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Contrary to the linings of conventionally driven tunnels, the linings of tunnels bored by tunnel boring machines (TBMs) consist of precast concrete segments which are articulated or coupled at the longitudinal and circumferential joints. There are several analytical and numerical structural analysis methods proposed for the design of TBM segmental linings. In this thesis study, different calculation methods including elastic equation method and two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) beam &ndash
spring methods are compared and discussed. This study shows that in addition to the characteristics of concrete segments, the mechanical and geometrical properties of longitudinal and circumferential joints have significant effects on the structural behavior of segmental lining.
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Do, Ngoc Anh. "Numerical analyses of segmental tunnel lining under static and dynamic loads." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0042/document.

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Cette thèse vise à étudier le comportement de revêtement articulé du tunnel en développant une nouvelle approche numérique à la Méthode de Réaction Hyperstatique (HRM) et la production des modèles numériques en deux dimensions et trois dimensions à l'aide de la méthode des différences finies (FDM). L'étude a été traitée d'abord sous charges statiques, puis effectuée sous charges dynamiques. Tout d'abord, une étude bibliographique a été effectuée. Une nouvelle approche numérique appliquée à la méthode HRM a ensuite été développée. En même temps, un modèle numérique en deux dimensions est programmé sur les conditions de charge statique dans le but d'évaluer l'influence des joints, en termes de la distribution et des caractéristiques des joints, sur le comportement du revêtement articulé de tunnel. Après cela, des modèles complets en trois dimensions d'un seul tunnel, de deux tunnels horizontaux et de deux tunnels empilés, dans lesquels le système des joints est simulé, ont été développés. Ces modèles en trois dimensions permettent d'étudier le comportement non seulement du revêtement du tunnel, mais encore le déplacement du sol entourant le tunnel lors de l’excavation. Un modèle numérique en trois dimensions simplifié a ensuite été réalisé afin de valider la nouvelle approche numérique appliquée à la méthode HRM.Dans la dernière partie de ce mémoire, la performance du revêtement articulé du tunnel sous chargements dynamiques est prise en compte par l’analyse quasi-statique et dynamique complète en utilisant le modèle numérique en deux dimensions (FDM). Un modèle HRM a également été développé prenant en compte des charges quasi-statiques. Les différences de comportement de tunnel sous chargements statiques et sismiques sont mises en évidence et expliquées
This PhD thesis has the aim to study the behaviour of segmental tunnel lining by developing a new numerical approach to the Hyperstatic Reaction Method (HRM) and producing two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical models using the finite difference method (FDM). The study first deals with under static loads, and then performs under dynamic loads. Firstly, a literature review has been conducted. A new numerical approach applied to the HRM has then been developed. At the same time, a 2D numerical model is programmed regarding static loading conditions in order to evaluate the influence of the segmental joints, in terms of both joint distribution and joint stiffness characteristics, on the tunnel lining behaviour. After that, full 3D models of a single tunnel, twin horizontal tunnels and twin tunnels stacked over each other, excavated in close proximity in which the joint pattern is simulated, have been developed. These 3D models allow one to investigate the behaviour of not only the tunnel lining but also the displacement of the ground surrounding the tunnel during the tunnel excavation. A simplified 3D numerical model has then been produced in order to validate the new numerical approach applied to the HRM. In the last part of the manuscript, the performance of the segmental tunnel lining exposed to dynamic loading is taken into consideration through quasi-static and full dynamic analyses using 2D numerical models (FDM). A new HRM model has also been developed considering quasi-static loads. The differences of the tunnel behaviour under static and seismic loadings are highlighted
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Lim, Eng G. "Circular polarised microstrip antenna design using segmental methods." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2002. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/1330/.

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Research into the modelling and analysis of microstrip patch antenna have been reported in many studies. These include Transmission Line Modelling, Cavity Modelling, Coplanar Multiport Modelling and Full wave Modelling. Since the electromagnetic field elements are time harmonic, the phasor-form of the Maxwell field equations is used. In this thesis results are presented of the research that has been carried out into the segmental approach for the analysis of the microwave patch antennas. The segmental approach includes the "Segmentation" and the "Desegmentation" methods. In the segmentation method two distinct structural forms have been identified, cascade and shunt types. In the cascade type all consecutive segment elements share a common boundary, while for the shunt type, all appended segment elements have no common boundary. In the case of the shunt type structure a generalised input impedance matrix formula, for any number of appended segment elements, has been obtained. For the desegmentation method a generalised input impedance for any number of deleted segment elements, has been obtained. The above research studies have been applied in the design of a circular polarised two corner deleted square patch microstrip antenna with a single feed. For this structure the design involves both square and triangular patch geometries. The overall patch geometry for circular polarised is determined using perturbation analysis to determine the size of the deleted triangular segment elements. New computationally efficient impedance coupling expressions for the interconnecting port impedances on a rectangle, and, on a right angled isosceles triangle shaped antenna patch have been derived. In the determination of the input impedance of the overall antenna structure the coupling impedances constitute the elements of the individual segment coupling matrices. The matrices are used in a general multiport matrix circuit analysis to obtain the input impedance formula. It is established that, where applicable, the desegmentation method is computationally more efficient than the segmentation method. The new results obtained have been applied to the design of a corner deleted square patch antenna, and, the design procedure is fully described. The computer program implementation evaluates the perturbation quantity, and, the antenna input impedance. The structural properties of the coupling matrices, which are used for efficient computation, are described in detail. All the results from the above work show close agreement with full-wave software simulation and practical results. Significant research achievements: Both segmentation and desegmentation methods have been studied and it has been shown that the desegmentation approach, when applicable, is in general significantly more computationally efficient. In the segmentation method two structural forms, cascade and shunt have been identified. In the latter case a new generalised input impedance matrix formula has been obtained for any number of appended segment elements. A new generalised input impedance matrix formula has been obtained for any number of deleted segment elements in the desegmentation method. New computationally efficient expressions for the coupling impedances have been derived and used in test applications. New computationally efficient expressions for the offset input impedance of a linear polarised rectangular patch, and, an isosceles right-angled triangular patch have been derived and experimentally verified. A program implementing the design procedure for the corner-deleted truncated square patch circular polarised microstrip antenna has been constructed using MATHCAD programming.
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Lee, Yiu-fai, and 李耀暉. "Analysis for segmental sharing and linkage disequilibrium: a genomewide association study on myopia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43912217.

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Heide, Dr Bernd. "A Method For Modifying Segmented Human Voxel Models." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200200823.

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A method for modifying segmented human voxel models is depicted. The method is a practical approach to set up voxel models for dose calculations in medical physics. It could also be applied in other fields requiring human voxel models. The basic strategy of the method is: 1. Generate triangulated surfaces from voxel representations of the objects (organs, bones, or tissues) of a segmented human voxel model. 2. Perform surface deformations and/or rearrangements. 3. Reconstruct voxel representations from the triangulated surfaces and put them back into the segmented human voxel model. The voxel volume of the modified organs can be adjusted up to the volume of half a voxel. The practicability of the method is demonstrated by means of the spleen of a leukaemia patient
Es wird eine praktische Methode zum Verändern von segmentierten menschlichen Voxel-Modellen dargelegt. Die Methode kann in der Medizinphysik im Zusammenhang mit Strahlendosisberechnungen angewendet werden. Sie kann jedoch auch in anderen Gebieten benutzt werden, bei denen menschliche Voxel-Modelle zur Anwendung kommen. Die grundlegende Strategie der Methode besteht aus den folgenden Schritten: 1. Erzeugung triangulierter Oberflächen aus Objekten (Organen, Knochen, Geweben) eines segmentierten menschlichen Voxel-Modells. 2. Durchführung interaktiver Oberflächendeformationen und/oder Verschiebungen. 3. Re-Überführung der triangulierten Oberflächen in Voxel-Darstellungen der Organe und Rückschreibung in das segmentierte menschliche Voxel-Modell. Das Voxel-Volumen der modifizierten Organe kann mindestens bis auf ein halbes Voxel genau eingestellt werden. Die Anwendbarkeit der Methode wird anhand der Milz einer Leukämie-Patientin demonstriert
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Mach, Ondřej. "Deformační a napěťová analýza segmentu páteře se zavedeným fixátorem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400485.

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This Master’s thesis deals with strain-stress analysis of a spine segment with an introduced fixator and a spine in natural physiological state. The work starts with a research study of literature sources that focus on similar issues. Furthermore, basic anatomy terminology and basic procedures for human spine stabilization were described. The formulated issue was resolved by computational modelling with the use of the finite element method. This solution requires a suitable computational model to be produced. This model consists of partial geometry, material, bond, and loading models. The geometric model was produced on the basis of CT scan images of a 60-year-old man which were used for producing five spine vertebrae T11–L3. Moreover, the geometric model consists of four intervertebral discs and eight articular cartilages. The material model includes homogeneous, heterogeneous and degraded properties of bone tissue. The strain-stress analysis was performed for seven loading states, which concern basic movements of human spine – standing, bending forward, bending backwards, bending left, bending right, left rotation and right rotation, with the use of ANSYS software. The assessed and analysed quantities include spine segment displacement, contact pressure of articular cartilages and stress on the fixator.
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Adamský, Aleš. "Segmentace mluvčích s využitím statistických metod klasifikace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219007.

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The thesis discusses in detail some concepts of speech and prosody that can contribute to build a speech corpus for the speaker segmentation purpose. Moreover, the Elan multimedia annotator used for labeling is described. The theoretical part highlights some frequently used speech features such as MFCC, PLP and LPC and deals with currently most popular speech segmentation methods. Some classification algorithms are also mentioned. The practical part describes implementation of Bayesian information criterium algorithm in system for automatic speaker segmentation. For classification of speaker change point in speech, were used different speech features. The results of tests were evaluated by the graphic method of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and his quantitative indices. As the best speech features for this system were provided MFCC and HFCC.
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Boudová, Markéta. "Segmentace skrytých P vln pomocí metod hlubokého učení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442578.

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The aim of this thesis is segmentation of P waves in ECG signals. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the physiology of the heart and the basics of deep learning methods. Preprocessing of the signals is performed and neural network U-Net is implemented in the Python software environment in the practical part. Afterwards, optimization of network architecture is performed in order to reduce model complexity. Lastly the success rate of the model is evaluated.
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Books on the topic "Segmental method"

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A, Long Daniel, and New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology., eds. Anterior segment and strabismus surgery: Proceedings of the 44th Annual Symposium, New Orleans, LA, USA, February 9-12, 1995. Amsterdam: Kugler Publications, 1996.

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Oncoplastic and reconstructive surgery of the breast. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2011.

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Lambrou, George N. Choroidal plerometry: A method for evaluating the choroidal blood supply in clinical practice. [Berkeley, Calif.]: Kugler Publications, 1993.

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MacDonald, David. Physiotherapeutic management of lumbar spine pathology: An evidence-based, best-practice clinical model incorporating prospective clinical reasoning, manual therapy and segmental stabilization exercises. Halifax, NS: Novont Health Pub., 2005.

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Noble, Bruce. Anterior segment repair and reconstruction: Techniques and medico-legal issues. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001.

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Kong), International Symposium on Anterior Segment Microsurgery (7th 1987 Hong. Intercapsular cataract extraction: Current developments in IOL implantation & design : proceedings of part of the seventh International Symposium on Anterior Segment Microsurgery, Hong Kong, February 1987. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1988.

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Moring, J. Bruce (James Bruce), 1959-, Houston-Galveston Area Council, Galveston Bay Estuary Program, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Variation in biotic assemblages and stream-habitat data with sampling strategy and method in tidal segments of Highland and Marchand Bayous, Galveston County, Texas, 2007. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2008.

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Jager, Angela. The Mass Market for History Paintings in Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462987739.

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Millions of paintings were produced in the Dutch Republic. The works that we know and see in museums today constitute only the tip of the iceberg — the top-quality part. But what else was painted? This book explores the low-quality end of the seventeenth-century art market and outlines the significance of that production in the genre of history paintings, which in traditional art historical studies, is usually linked to high prices, famous painters, and elite buyers. Angela Jager analyses the producers, suppliers, and consumers active in this segment to gain insight into this enormous market for cheap history paintings. What did the supply consist of in terms of quantity, quality, price, and subject? Who produced all these works and which production methods did these painters employ? Who distributed these paintings, to whom, and which strategies were used to market them? Who bought these paintings, and why?
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Institute, American National Standards. IEEE standards for local and metropolitan area networks: Supplement to carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications : fiber optic active and passive star-based segments, type 10BASE-F (Sections 15-18). New York, N.Y: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1993.

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Andò, Valeria. Euripide, Ifigenia in Aulide. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-513-1.

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This volume contains the first Italian critical edition with introduction, translation and commentary of Euripides’ Iphigenia in Aulis. The tragedy, exhibited posthumously in 405 BCE, stages the first mythical segment of the Trojan War, namely the sacrifice of Iphigenia, daughter of king Agamemnon, head of the Greek army, in order to propitiate the winds that should lead the navy to Troy. A tragedy of intrigue and unveiling, in which all the characters try to oppose the sacrifice, judged to be an impiety despite its sacred essence. It is therefore a tragedy without gods, in which characters of modest moral stature move, unstable, ready to sudden changes of mind, and among whom the protagonist stands out: the girl who, having overcome the dismay for the destiny awaiting her, voluntarily moves towards death on the altar, for a flimsy patriotic ideal and with the illusion of achieving immortal glory. Since the end of the eighteenth century, the text of this tragedy, handed over to us by the manuscript tradition, has been exposed more than others to a rigorous philological criticism that has broken its unity, through considerable expunctions of entire sections and sequences of verses. The volume traces the phases of this critical work, showing its methods – and sometimes its excesses – and choosing a balance line in the constitution of the text. The overall exegesis of the tragedy, which I propose in this study, consists in the belief that, despite the exodus being spurious, the finale, in view of which the entire dramaturgy was composed, still had to contemplate Iphigenia’s salvation. In fact, if the Panhellenic ideal of defence against the barbarians is now meaningless, and if a war of destruction, to begin with, needs the death of an innocent person, then this death must be transcended and the horror of human sacrifice must dissolve. It therefore seems that, once political current events become opaque, the poet’s research tends to create situations of great patheticism in an aesthetic setting of refined beauty.
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Book chapters on the topic "Segmental method"

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Zhang, Hong, Maolin Cheng, Hao Xia, Chenyang Fan, Hao Xiao, and Xiaoping Zhang. "An Integrated Erection Method for Segmental Assembled Bridge in Urban District." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 154–65. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4293-8_18.

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Reichel, Michael, Bernhard Freytag, and Lutz Sparowitz. "Road Bridge “Wild”: Application of the UHPFRC Precast Segmental Construction Method for an Arch Structure." In Designing and Building with UHPFRC, 209–20. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118557839.ch14.

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Kotani, H., S. Hattori, F. Senzoku, S. Kawai, K. Saiki, H. Yamasaki, and K. Omote. "Evaluation of Cord Function in Cervical Spondylosis by a Combined Method Using Segmental and Conductive Spinal Evoked Potentials (SEP)." In Spinal Cord Monitoring, 274–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70687-5_34.

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Hung, Ying-Chun, Tung-Tsan Chen, and Ting-Yu Yue. "Integration of Fault Tree and Bayesian Network for Falling Risk of the Bridge Project—Precasting Prestressing Segmental Construction Method." In Tunneling in Soft Ground, Ground Conditioning and Modification Techniques, 102–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95783-8_9.

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Zhu, Weidong, Xiwen Zhang, and Liangliang Zhang. "Analysis of Deformation Characteristics of Large Diameter Shield Tunnel with Construction Load." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 455–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_41.

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AbstractWith the rapid development of the method of shield tunnel in our country, the shield in the tunnel and the internal structure exist a lot of prefabricated and assembled internal structure can be roughly divided into full cast-in-place, full precast, and precast and cast-in-place structure. However, it has the disadvantages of more internal structural joints, poor waterproof performance, and complex structural stress. Therefore, combined with the actual engineering case, the construction process is simulated by using the finite element analysis software, and the influence of the segmental and internal structure cooperative deformation and joint mechanical performance is considered to further analyze the deformation characteristics of shield tunnel assembly internal structure, which can provide a reference for the construction and design of similar projects.
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Vervoort, Michel, and Eve Gazave. "Studying Annelida Regeneration Using Platynereis dumerilii." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 207–26. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2172-1_11.

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AbstractRegeneration, the ability to restore body parts after an injury or an amputation, is a widespread property in the animal kingdom. This chapter describes methods used to study this fascinating process in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii. During most of its life, this segmented worm is able to regenerate upon amputation the posterior part of its body, including its pygidium (terminal non-segmented body region bearing the anus) and a subterminal posterior growth zone which contains stem cells required for the formation of new segments. Detailed description of Platynereis worm culture and how to obtain large quantity of regenerating worms is provided. We also describe the staging system that we established and three important methods to study regeneration: whole mount in situ hybridization to study gene expression, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling to characterize cell proliferation, and use of pharmacological treatments to establish putative roles of defined signaling pathways and processes.
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Jang, Jeong-Hun, and Ki-Sang Hong. "A New Line Segment Grouping Method for Finding Globally Optimal Line Segments." In Biologically Motivated Computer Vision, 397–406. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45482-9_40.

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Vieregge, Wilhelm H., and Catia Cucchiarini. "Agreement procedures in phonetic segmental transcriptions." In New Methods in Dialectology, edited by P. Th van Reenen and M. E. H. Schouten, 37–44. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110883459-005.

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Ben-Ari, Mordechai. "Lill’s Method and the Beloch Fold." In Mathematical Surprises, 131–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13566-8_11.

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AbstractConstruct a path consisting of four line segments {a3 = 1, a2 = 6, a1 = 11, a0 = 6}, starting from the origin along the positive direction of the x-axis and turning 90◦ counterclockwise between segments.
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Dawson, C. A., S. H. Audi, and J. H. Linehan. "Segmental vascular resistance and compliance from vascular occlusion." In Methods in Pulmonary Research, 135–57. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8855-4_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Segmental method"

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Cannon, Thomas, and JungHun Choi. "A Comparison of Two Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Methods With Whole-Body Analysis." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3217.

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Two different methods of attaching the current leads for segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements were compared. The first method was leaving the current electrodes in place at the hand and foot for all measurements, while the second method involved moving the current electrodes to be adjacent to the voltage electrodes when measuring each segment. Each method was compared to a whole-body measurement performed at the same occasion as the segmental measurements. Slight deviation from the whole-body measurement was expected, as the electrode placements resulted in small gaps that were not measured between each of the arm, trunk, and leg segments. The second method, moving the current electrodes for each segment, was found to be the closer of the two methods for whole body measurements, with errors of 2% and 5.8% at R0 and R∞, respectively, while the first method had errors of 4.2% and 6% respectively.
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Jian Xiang and Hongli Zhu. "A novel segmental method for 3D motion data." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics (ICAL). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ical.2008.4636182.

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Luo, Ren C., Ogst Chen, Jhu Yi-Huei, and Jung-Ting Huang. "Segmental Selection Path Planning method for mobile sensor network." In 2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcica.2008.4594502.

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Ismail, Nagham Bilal, Nesreen Ghaddar, and Kamel Ghali. "Theoretical and Experimental Estimation of Inter-Segmental Clothing Ventilation and Impact on Human Segmental Heat Losses." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51462.

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Air exchange between a specific garment and the environment could occur 1) through the fabric with the environment, 2) through garment apertures with the environment, and 3) between local body parts’ microclimates. The first mechanism is related to the fabric properties and the flow characteristics around the human body. The second mechanism is induced by buoyancy and pressure alteration due to external wind. The third mechanism named inter-segmental ventilation occurs between different clothing sections caused by position of apertures, relative wind, fabric permeability and microclimate size of connected clothed segments. The objective of this work is to develop a simplified accurate model that solves coupled momentum, mass and heat balances including buoyancy for the connected clothed upper human body to predict inter-segmental ventilation and assess its impact on the air flow characteristics in the microclimate layer and on local ventilation rates. This model is coupled to the bioheat model to predict the effect of the inter-segmental ventilation on the heat losses from the body and on bringing the thermal comfort. The model is validated by performing an improved experimental method on a thermal manikin using the tracer gas method at different wind speeds for permeable clothing.
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Gu, Hung-Yan, and Sung-Fung Tsai. "Improving segmental GMM based voice conversion method with target frame selection." In 2014 9th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscslp.2014.6936633.

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Teu, Koon Kiat, Wangdo Kim, Franz Konstantin Fuss, and John Tan. "Analysis of Left Hand Segmental Rotations During Golf Swing." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59919.

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This paper presents a different approach of recording and analysing the swing. The method involved utilizing electrogoniometer (biometrics, UK) to obtain the joint angles throughout the motion and by using Dual Euler velocity analysis, the velocity of the measured segment can be estimated. The results are then processed to ascertain individual segmental contribution to the final club head velocity.
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Sun, Zhengxiang, Tao Chao, Songyan Wang, and Ming Yang. "Optimization method of multi-stages launch vehicle trajectory based on segmental Chebyshev pseudo spectral method." In 2017 36th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/chicc.2017.8028283.

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Gu, Hung-Yan, and Sung-Fung Tsai. "An improved voice conversion method using segmental GMMs and automatic GMM selection." In 2011 4th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2011.6100692.

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Ji Gu and Hui Guo. "A segmental bus-invert coding method for instruction memory data bus power efficiency." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2009.5117704.

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Sakai, Makoto, Norihide Kitaoka, and Seiichi Nakagawa. "Selection of optimal dimensionality reduction method using chernoff bound for segmental unit input HMM." In Interspeech 2007. ISCA: ISCA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-364.

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Reports on the topic "Segmental method"

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Hodgdon, Taylor, Brendan West, Julie Parno, Theodore Letcher, Zoe Courville, and Lauren Farnsworth. Extracting sintered snow properties from microCT imagery to initialize a discrete element method model. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45305.

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Modeling snow’s mechanical behavior is important for many cold regions engineering problems. Because snow’s microstructure plays a significant role in its mechanical response, it is imperative to initialize models with accurate bond characteristics and realistic snow-grain geometries to precisely capture the microstructure interactions. Previous studies have processed microcomputed tomography scans of snow samples with a watershed method to extract grain geometries. This approach relies on identification of seed points to segment each grain. Our new methodology, called the “moving window method,” does not require prior knowledge of the snow-grain-size distribution to identify seed points. We use the interconnectivity of the segmented grains to identify bond characteristics. We compare the resultant grain-size and bond-size distributions to the known grain sizes of the laboratory-made snow samples. The grain-size distributions from the moving window method closely match the known grain sizes, while both results from the traditional method produce grains that are too large. We propose that the bond net-work identified using the traditional method underestimates the number of bonds and overestimates bond radii. Our method allows us to segment realistic snow grains and their associated bonds, without prior knowledge of the samples, from which we can initialize numerical models of the snow.
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Gast, Ronald G., and H. J. Sneck. Modal Analysis of Nonprismatic Beams - Uniform Segment Method. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada216952.

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Mathew, Sonu, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, and Sarvani Duvvuri. Modeling and Predicting Geospatial Teen Crash Frequency. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2119.

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This research project 1) evaluates the effect of road network, demographic, and land use characteristics on road crashes involving teen drivers, and, 2) develops and compares the predictability of local and global regression models in estimating teen crash frequency. The team considered data for 201 spatially distributed road segments in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, USA for the evaluation and obtained data related to teen crashes from the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) database. The team extracted demographic and land use characteristics using two different buffer widths (0.25 miles and 0.5 miles) at each selected road segment, with the number of crashes on each road segment used as the dependent variable. The generalized linear models with negative binomial distribution (GLM-based NB model) as well as the geographically weighted negative binomial regression (GWNBR) and geographically weighted negative binomial regression model with global dispersion (GWNBRg) were developed and compared. This research relied on data for 147 geographically distributed road segments for modeling and data for 49 segments for validation. The annual average daily traffic (AADT), light commercial land use, light industrial land use, number of household units, and number of pupils enrolled in public or private high schools are significant explanatory variables influencing the teen crash frequency. Both methods have good predictive capabilities and can be used to estimate the teen crash frequency. However, the GWNBR and GWNBRg better capture the spatial dependency and spatial heterogeneity among road teen crashes and the associated risk factors.
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Miles, Gaines E., Yael Edan, F. Tom Turpin, Avshalom Grinstein, Thomas N. Jordan, Amots Hetzroni, Stephen C. Weller, Marvin M. Schreiber, and Okan K. Ersoy. Expert Sensor for Site Specification Application of Agricultural Chemicals. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570567.bard.

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In this work multispectral reflectance images are used in conjunction with a neural network classifier for the purpose of detecting and classifying weeds under real field conditions. Multispectral reflectance images which contained different combinations of weeds and crops were taken under actual field conditions. This multispectral reflectance information was used to develop algorithms that could segment the plants from the background as well as classify them into weeds or crops. In order to segment the plants from the background the multispectrial reflectance of plants and background were studied and a relationship was derived. It was found that using a ratio of two wavelenght reflectance images (750nm and 670nm) it was possible to segment the plants from the background. Once ths was accomplished it was then possible to classify the segmented images into weed or crop by use of the neural network. The neural network developed for this work is a modification of the standard learning vector quantization algorithm. This neural network was modified by replacing the time-varying adaptation gain with a constant adaptation gain and a binary reinforcement function. This improved accuracy and training time as well as introducing several new properties such as hill climbing and momentum addition. The network was trained and tested with different wavelength combinations in order to find the best results. Finally, the results of the classifier were evaluated using a pixel based method and a block based method. In the pixel based method every single pixel is evaluated to test whether it was classified correctly or not and the best weed classification results were 81% and its associated crop classification accuracy is 57%. In the block based classification method, the image was divided into blocks and each block was evaluated to determine whether they contained weeds or not. Different block sizes and thesholds were tested. The best results for this method were 97% for a block size of 8 inches and a pixel threshold of 60. A simulation model was developed to 1) quantify the effectiveness of a site-specific sprayer, 2) evaluate influence of diffeent design parameters on efficiency of the site-specific sprayer. In each iteration of this model, infected areas (weed patches) in the field were randomly generated and the amount of required herbicides for spraying these areas were calculated. The effectiveness of the sprayer was estimated for different stain sizes, nozzle types (conic and flat), nozzle sizes and stain detection levels of the identification system. Simulation results indicated that the flat nozzle is much more effective as compared to the conic nozzle and its relative efficiency is greater for small nozzle sizes. By using a site-specific sprayer, the average ratio between the spraying areas and the stain areas is about 1.1 to 1.8 which can save up to 92% of herbicides, especially when the proportion of the stain areas is small.
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McKee, P. J., Amy M. Dagro, Manuel M. Vindiola, and Jean M. Vettel. Fiber Segment-Based Degradation Methods for a Finite Element-Informed Structural Brain Network. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada592261.

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Downing, W. Logan, Howell Li, William T. Morgan, Cassandra McKee, and Darcy M. Bullock. Using Probe Data Analytics for Assessing Freeway Speed Reductions during Rain Events. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317350.

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Rain impacts roadways such as wet pavement, standing water, decreased visibility, and wind gusts and can lead to hazardous driving conditions. This study investigates the use of high fidelity Doppler data at 1 km spatial and 2-minute temporal resolution in combination with commercial probe speed data on freeways. Segment-based space-mean speeds were used and drops in speeds during rainfall events of 5.5 mm/hour or greater over a one-month period on a section of four to six-lane interstate were assessed. Speed reductions were evaluated as a time series over a 1-hour window with the rain data. Three interpolation methods for estimating rainfall rates were tested and seven metrics were developed for the analysis. The study found sharp drops in speed of more than 40 mph occurred at estimated rainfall rates of 30 mm/hour or greater, but the drops did not become more severe beyond this threshold. The average time of first detected rainfall to impacting speeds was 17 minutes. The bilinear method detected the greatest number of events during the 1-month period, with the most conservative rate of predicted rainfall. The range of rainfall intensities were estimated between 7.5 to 106 mm/hour for the 39 events. This range was much greater than the heavy rainfall categorization at 16 mm/hour in previous studies reported in the literature. The bilinear interpolation method for Doppler data is recommended because it detected the greatest number of events and had the longest rain duration and lowest estimated maximum rainfall out of three methods tested, suggesting the method balanced awareness of the weather conditions around the roadway with isolated, localized rain intensities.
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Englund, Mathilda, Karin André, Karina Barquet, and Lisa Segnestam. Weather, Wealth and Well-Being: Cascading Effects of Water-Related Hazards and Social Vulnerability in Halmstad, Sweden. Stockholm Environment Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.038.

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Identifying the social groups that lack coping capacity when facing a disruptive event, but also the mechanisms that can make people vulnerable, can help policymakers to design effective disaster risk reduction strategies and build resilience among the most vulnerable segments of a population. A case study in Halmstad, Sweden, focused on climate change, water-related hazards, and interdisciplinary methods to do so.
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Соловйов, Володимир Миколайович, and D. N. Chabanenko. Financial crisis phenomena: analysis, simulation and prediction. Econophysic’s approach. Гумбольдт-Клуб Україна, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1138.

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With the beginning of the global financial crisis, which attracts the attention of the international community, the inability of existing methods to predict the events became obvious. Creation, testing, adaptation of the models to the concrete financial market segments for the purpose of monitoring, early prediction, prevention and notification of financial crises is gaining currency nowadays. Econophysics is an interdisciplinary research field, applying theories and methods originally developed by physicists in order to solve problems in economics, usually those including uncertainty or stochastic processes and nonlinear dynamics. Its application to the study of financial markets has also been termed statistical finance referring to its roots in statistical physics. The new paradigm of relativistic quantum econophysics is proposed.
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Mathew, Jijo K., Christopher M. Day, Howell Li, and Darcy M. Bullock. Curating Automatic Vehicle Location Data to Compare the Performance of Outlier Filtering Methods. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317435.

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Agencies use a variety of technologies and data providers to obtain travel time information. The best quality data can be obtained from second-by-second tracking of vehicles, but that data presents many challenges in terms of privacy, storage requirements and analysis. More frequently agencies collect or purchase segment travel time based upon some type of matching of vehicles between two spatially distributed points. Typical methods for that data collection involve license plate re-identification, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or some type of rolling DSRC identifier. One of the challenges in each of these sampling techniques is to employ filtering techniques to remove outliers associated with trip chaining, but not remove important features in the data associated with incidents or traffic congestion. This paper describes a curated data set that was developed from high-fidelity GPS trajectory data. The curated data contained 31,621 vehicle observations spanning 42 days; 2550 observations had travel times greater than 3 minutes more than normal. From this baseline data set, outliers were determined using GPS waypoints to determine if the vehicle left the route. Two performance measures were identified for evaluating three outlier-filtering algorithms by the proportion of true samples rejected and proportion of outliers correctly identified. The effectiveness of the three methods over 10-minute sampling windows was also evaluated. The curated data set has been archived in a digital repository and is available online for others to test outlier-filtering algorithms.
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Ahmad, Noshin S., Raul Pineda-Mendez, Fahad Alqahtani, Mario Romero, Jose Thomaz, and Andrew P. Tarko. Effective Design and Operation of Pedestrian Crossings. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317438.

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Pedestrians are vulnerable road users since they are prone to more severe injuries in any vehicular collision. While innovative solutions promise improved pedestrian safety, a careful analysis of local conditions is required before selecting proper corrective measures. This research study had two focuses: (1) methodology to identify roads and areas in Indiana where the frequency and severity of pedestrian collisions are heightened above the acceptable level, and (2) selecting effective countermeasures to mitigate or eliminate safety-critical conditions. Two general methods of identifying specific pedestrian safety concerns were proposed: (1) area-wide analysis, and (2) road-focused analysis. A suitable tool, Safety Needs Analysis Program (SNAP), is currently under development by the research team and is likely the future method to implement an area-wide type of analysis. The following models have been developed to facilitate the road-focused analysis: (1) pedestrian crossing activity level to fill the gap in pedestrian traffic data, and (2) crash probability and severity models to estimate the risk of pedestrian crashes around urban intersections in Indiana. The pedestrian safety model was effectively utilized in screening and identifying high-risk urban intersection segments for safety audits and improvements. In addition, detailed guidance was provided for many potential pedestrian safety countermeasures with specific behavioral and road conditions that justify these countermeasures. Furthermore, a procedure was presented to predict the economic feasibility of the countermeasures based on crash reduction factors. The findings of this study should help expand the existing RoadHAT tool used by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) to emphasize and strengthen pedestrian safety considerations in the current tool.
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