Journal articles on the topic 'Segment mapping technique'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Segment mapping technique.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Segment mapping technique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Pandey, Shweta, and Deepak Chawla. "Evolving segments of online clothing buyers: an emerging market study." Journal of Advances in Management Research 15, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 536–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-12-2017-0121.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose While marketers want to drive higher repurchases for better business sustainability, repeat shopping experiences may change customer perceptions of the online channel, resulting in the emergence of new segment typologies. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the segmentation of online clothing shoppers using a repeat online clothing shopper base. Further, it analyses segment positions in a perceptual space to derive relevant positioning insights for the various segments. Design/methodology/approach Segmentation is done using dual bases of e-lifestyle and website quality factors for which the scales are derived from literature and then adapted and validated using a two-phase process across two samples of 271 and 644 experienced shoppers, respectively, in India. Positions of the segments are explored using the discriminant analysis-based perceptual mapping technique. Findings Three segments are found, namely disengaged averse online shoppers, interactive convenience seekers and adept online shopping optimists with the latter two having a higher propensity to purchase clothes online. Perceptual mapping of the segment positions reveals dimensions, which can be used for appropriate positioning. Research limitations/implications The research methodology may be replicated for other products and country contexts, and additional factors may be explored for further insights. Practical implications The study reveals insights on the evolving nature of segments as shoppers gain experience of online shopping for clothes and highlights the varied reasons for the growing acceptability of the online channel. The findings reveal key targeting and positioning strategies for e-marketers. Originality/value This is one of the first studies of its kind in India, which explores the segmentation of repeat online clothing shoppers in India using dual bases. Another distinctive feature of the study is its use of the perceptual mapping technique to draw inferences about factors that differentiate multi-segment buying behavior.
2
Pepe, Alessia, Laura Pistoia, Nicola Martini, Daniele De Marchi, Andrea Barison, Aurelio Maggio, Piera Giovangrossi, et al. "Detection of Myocardial Iron Overload with Magnetic Resonance By Native T1 and T2* Mapping Using a Segmental Approach." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112559.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction. T2* measurement of myocardial iron overload (MIO) is presently the gold standard for monitoring and tailoring the chelation in thalassemia patients. Native T1 mapping has been proposed also for the MIO quantification because it is known that iron can reduce native T1 values. No data are available in literature comparing T1 and T2* mapping using a segmental approach including the whole left ventricle. The goal of our study was to assess the relationship between T1 and T2* values using a segmental approach. Methods. 29 patients with hemoglopinopathies (18 females, 45.39±13.49 years) enrolled in the Extension Myocardial Iron Overload in Thalassemia (eMIOT) Network were considered. Native T1 and T2* images were acquired, respectively, with the Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery (MOLLI) and with the multi-echo gradient-echo techniques. Three parallel short-axis views (basal, medium and apical) of the left ventricle (LV) were acquired with ECG-gating. The myocardial T1 and T2* distribution was mapped into a 16-segment LV model, according to the AHA/ACC model. The lower limit of normal for each segment was established as mean±2 standard deviations on data acquired on 14 healthy volunteers. In 25 patients also post-contrastografic images were acquired. Results. T1 images showed more pronounced motion artifacts and lower contrast-to-noise-ratio, determining the exclusion of 18/464 segments. No segments were excluded by T2* mapping. So, globally, 446 segmental T1 and T2* values were considered. The mean of all segmental T2* and T1 values were, respectively, 37.83±11.30 ms and 982.72±118.24 ms. Normal T2* and T1 values were found in 374 segments (83.9%) while 29 (6.5%) segments had pathologic T2* and T1 values. For 33 segments (7.4%) (13 patients) a pathologic T1 value was detected in presence of a normal T2* value. For 10 segments (2.2%) a pathologic T2* value was detected in presence of a normal T1 value. Out of the 9 patients with pathologic T2* values in presence of normal T1, in 7 patients post-contrastografic images were acquired; in all segments with pathologic T2* value macroscopic fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement technique and/or microscopic fibrosis by T1 mapping were found. The relation between segmental T1 and T2* values is shown in the figure. For patients with pathologic segmental T2* values there was a linear relationship between T1 and T2* values (R=0.735, P<0.0001) while the whole data was fitted with a quadratic curve. Conclusion. T2* and T1 mapping showed a good correlation in identifying iron by a segmental approach. However, we found a scatter between results. In 9 patients T1 mapping was not able to detect iron probably due to the presence of macroscopic and/or microscopic fibrosis that it is known to increase the native T1 . Conversely, in 13 patients T1 mapping seems to be more sensitive than T2* (sensitive to different iron chemistry or error measurements?). Further studies on larger population and correlation with clinical outcome are need. Figure. Figure. Disclosures Pepe: Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., ApoPharma Inc., and Bayer: Other: No profit support.
3
Shepherd, James, Pete Bunting, and John Dymond. "Operational Large-Scale Segmentation of Imagery Based on Iterative Elimination." Remote Sensing 11, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11060658.
Full textAbstract:
Image classification and interpretation are greatly aided through the use of image segmentation. Within the field of environmental remote sensing, image segmentation aims to identify regions of unique or dominant ground cover from their attributes such as spectral signature, texture and context. However, many approaches are not scalable for national mapping programmes due to limits in the size of images that can be processed. Therefore, we present a scalable segmentation algorithm, which is seeded using k-means and provides support for a minimum mapping unit through an innovative iterative elimination process. The algorithm has also been demonstrated for the segmentation of time series datasets capturing both the intra-image variation and change regions. The quality of the segmentation results was assessed by comparison with reference segments along with statistics on the inter- and intra-segment spectral variation. The technique is computationally scalable and is being actively used within the national land cover mapping programme for New Zealand. Additionally, 30-m continental mosaics of Landsat and ALOS-PALSAR have been segmented for Australia in support of national forest height and cover mapping. The algorithm has also been made freely available within the open source Remote Sensing and GIS software Library (RSGISLib).
4
Tatarkanov, Aslan, Islam Alexandrov, Alexander Muranov, and Abas Lampezhev. "Development of a Technique for the Spectral Description of Curves of Complex Shape for Problems of Object Classification." Emerging Science Journal 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 1455–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2022-06-06-015.
Full textAbstract:
Vascular pathology symptoms can be determined by retinal image segmentation and classification. However, the retinal images from non-invasive diagnostics have a complex structure containing tree-like vascular beds, multiple segment boundaries, false segments, and various distortions. It should be noted that complex structure images’ segmentation does not always provide a single solution. Thus, the goal is to increase the efficiency of vascular diagnostics. This study aims to develop a technique for describing the geometric properties of complexly structured image segments used for classifying vascular pathologies based on retinal images. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing methods and algorithms of segmentation were considered. The most effective use areas of the mentioned methods and algorithms are revealed. Through detecting retinal thrombosis, the algorithm's efficiency for constructing a mathematical model of an arbitrary shape segment based on the morphological processing of binary and halftone images was justified. A modified variant of this algorithm based on the spectral analysis procedure of arbitrary shape boundary curves was used for the spectral description of complex shape curves for classifying vascular pathologies based on retinal images. Two approaches have been developed. The first one allows obtaining a closing segment of the curve from a symmetric mapping of the initial parametric curves. The second involves intelligent data processing and obtaining contours of minimum thickness, forming convex sets. The results of experiments confirm the possibility of practical use of the developed technique to solve problems of vascular pathology classification based on retinal images, showing the correct forecast probability was 0.93 with all associated risk factors. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-06-015 Full Text: PDF
5
Madaras, Martin, and Roman Ďurikovič. "Skeleton-based 3D Surface Parameterization Applied on Texture Mapping." Journal of Applied Mathematics, Statistics and Informatics 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10294-012-0010-6.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Assume a 2D manifold surface topologically equivalent to a sphere with handles we propose a novel 3D surface parametrization along the surface skeleton. First, we use a global mapping of the surface vertices onto a computed skeleton. Second, we use local mapping of the surrounding area of each skeleton segment into a small rectangle whose size is derived based on the surface properties around the segment. Each rectangle can be textured by assigning the local u;v texture coordinates. Furthermore, these rectangles are packed into a large squared texture called skeleton texture map (STM) by approximately solving a palette loading problem. Our technique enables the mapping of a texture onto the surface without necessity to store texture coordinates together with the model data. In other words it is enough to store the geometry data with STM and the coordinates are calculated on the fly.
6
Han, Seong-Soo. "NAND Flash Main Memory Database Index Management Technique Using the T* Tree Segment Mapping Log." International Journal of Urban Design for Ubiquitous Computing 6, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ijuduc.2018.6.2.02.
Full text
7
Lemenkova, Polina. "Exploring structured scripting cartographic technique of GMT for ocean seafloor modeling: A case of the East Indian Ocean." Maritime Technology and Research 3, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 162–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2021.248158.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines spatial variations in the geomorphology of the Ninety East Ridge (NER), located in the Indian Ocean. The NER is an extraordinary long linear bathymetric feature with topography reflecting complex geophysical setting and geologic evolution. The research is based on a compilation of high-resolution bathymetric, geological, and gravity datasets clipped for the study area extent (65° - 107°E, 35°S - 21°N): General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), Earth Gravitational Model (EGM2008, EGM96). The submarine geomorphology of the NER was modeled by digitized cross-sectional profiles using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT). The availability of the method is explained by 1) the free datasets; 2) the open source GMT toolset; 3) the available tutorials of the GMT and the codes explained in this work. Three segments of the NER were selected, digitized, and modeled: 1) northern 89°E, 7°S to 90°E, 7°N; 2) central 88.4°E, 14.7°S to 88.8°E, 8.2°S; 3) southern 87.9°E, 17°S to 87.5°E, 27°S. Measured depths were visualized in graphs, compared, and statistically analyzed by the histograms. The northern segment has a steepness of 21.3° at the western slopes, and 14.5° at the eastern slope. The slopes on the eastern flank have dominant SE orientation. The central segment has a bell-shaped form, with the highest steepness comparing to the northern and southern segments. The eastern flank has a steepness of 49.5°. A local depression at a distance of 50 km off from the axis (90°E) continues parallel to the NER, with the shape of the narrow minor trench. The western slope has a steepness of 57.6°, decreasing to 15.6°. The southern segment has a dome-like shape form. Compared to the northern and central segments, it has a less pronounced ridge crest, with a steepness of 24.9° on the west. The eastern flank has a steepness of 36.8° until 70 km, gradually becoming steeper at 44.23°. A local minor trench structure can be seen on its eastern flank (100 km off the axis). This corresponds to the very narrow long topographic depressions stretching parallel to this segment of the NER at 90.5°E. The study contributes to regional geographic studies of Indian Ocean geomorphology and cartographic presentation of GMT functionality for marine research and oceanographic studies.
8
Villareal, M. K., and A. F. Tongco. "Multi-sensor Fusion Workflow for Accurate Classification and Mapping of Sugarcane Crops." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 3 (June 8, 2019): 4085–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2682.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to assess the classification accuracy of a novel mapping workflow for sugarcane crops identification that combines light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds and remotely-sensed orthoimages. The combined input data of plant height LiDAR point clouds and multispectral orthoimages were processed using a technique called object-based image analysis (OBIA). The use of multi-source inputs makes the mapping workflow unique and is expected to yield higher accuracy compared to the existing techniques. The multi-source inputs are passed through five phases: data collection, data fusion, image segmentation, accuracy validation, and mapping. Data regarding sugarcane crops were randomly collected in ten sampling sites in the study area. Five out of the ten sampling sites were designated as training sites and the remaining five as validation sites. Normalized digital surface model (nDSM) was created using the LiDAR data. The nDSM was paired with Orthophoto and segmented for feature extraction in OBIA by developing a rule-set in eCognition software. A rule-set was created to classify and to segment sugarcane using nDSM and Orthophoto from the training and validation area sites. A machine learning algorithm called support vector machine (SVM) was used to classify entities in the image. The SVM was constructed using the nDSM. The height parameter nDSM was applied, and the overall accuracy assessment was 98.74% with Kappa index agreement (KIA) 97.47%, while the overall accuracy assessment of sugarcane in the five validation sites were 94.23%, 80.28%, 94.50%, 93.59%, and 93.22%. The results suggest that the mapping workflow of sugarcane crops employing OBIA, LiDAR data, and Orthoimages is attainable. The techniques and process used in this study are potentially useful for the classification and mapping of sugarcane crops.
9
Pratama, I. Putu Agi, Ratna Komala Dewi, and Ni Putu Artini. "MAPPING THE CONSUMERS COFFEE POWDER MANGSI COFFEE BASED ON SEGMENTING, TARGETING, AND POSITIONING IN DENPASAR CITY." Agrisocionomics: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 5, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/agrisocionomics.v5i1.8378.
Full textAbstract:
Not all customers can be served by the company. Each company needs to identify marketsegments that can be served effectively by differentiating the main market segments, aiming at one ortwo segments and developing products so that there are always new breakthroughs. A company in orderto excel in competition must be able to recognize its market segment, target and product position againstits competitors. This research aims to determine the segmenting, targeting, and positioning of MangsiCoffee powder. The sampling technique used is the nonprobability sampling method that is accidentialsampling. Segmenting and targeting is done by using crosstab analysis, while positioning uses multidimensional scaling analysis and correspondence analysis. Mangsi Coffee powder market segmentationbased on the characteristics of consumers are men who are adults, graduated from tertiary education (last education), work as employees with monthly expenditure above the Denpasar City UMK in 2019(Rp. 2,553,000.00). Mangsi Coffee consumers based on psychographic segmentation tend to choosequality products and make coffee consumption habits a trend and lifestyle while Mangsi Coffeeconsumers based on segmentation of consumer behavior tend to choose products according to theirbenefits. Positioning using multi-dimensional scaling analysis (MDS) shows that, Mangsi Coffeepowder is not in one quadrant with all three competing products. The map shows that all four productsare in different quadrants. CA analysis (correspondence analysis), shows the superiority of MangsiCoffee powder products when compared with competitors' products is an attribute in terms ofpackaging. The importance of companies to pay attention to segmenting, targeting, and positioning tobe able to focus on achieving company goals and survive in fierce market competition. The strategy toincrease sales is carried out by adjusting the results of studies in research and the conditions of theMangsi Coffee company so that it can take policies that are in accordance with company goals.
10
Uematsu, Sumio. "Thermographic imaging of cutaneous sensory segment in patients with peripheral nerve injury." Journal of Neurosurgery 62, no. 5 (May 1985): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.62.5.0716.
Full textAbstract:
✓ Sensory examination based on the patient's subjective assessment of symptoms may raise difficult questions about whether the individual's expressed complaint is based on organic nerve damage, psychogenic factors, or even malingering. A prototype computerized telethermograph has allowed clinical quantification of peripheral nerve injury. The system makes possible mapping and imaging of the damaged area, as well as skin temperature measurements. In normal persons, the skin temperature difference between sides of the body was only 0.24° ± 0.073°C. In contrast, in patients with peripheral nerve injury, the temperature of the skin innervated by the damaged nerve deviated an average of 1.55°C (p < 0.001). The new technique requires further refinement, but it appears that use of this method may be cost-effective in helping to resolve medicolegal conflicts concerning peripheral nerve injury.
11
Cong, R., M. Saito, R. Hirata, A. Ito, and S. Maksyutov. "EXPLORATION ON QUANTIFYING CARBON DIOXIDE (CO<sub>2</sub>) EMISSION FROM ROAD TRAFFIC IN MEGACITY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4 (September 19, 2018): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-115-2018.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> As the increasing concern for climate change, quantification on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in urban scale has been a key component for local climate actions. To explore an approach on estimating the GHG emissions closely to the real-world condition, in this paper, we make efforts on counting the carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions from road traffic in Tokyo. The road traffic emissions mapping is achieved by linking spatial road line data with detailed activity data (traffic census). Through the data processing by Geographic Information System technique, the emissions of each road segment are estimated basing on the daily average traffic amount and speed of vehicles on each road segment. As our estimation, the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from road traffic of Tokyo in 2015 are about 16,323<span class="thinspace"></span>Gg. The highlight points mainly refer to linking the traffic census information for the observed road segments on map and allocation efforts for unserved ones. As the limited amount of observation points in traffic census, accurate estimation for unobserved road segments is a challenge. Our approach overcomes it by assumption of a familiar traffic condition for all road segments in the same sub-city area. This approach could simulate the traffic patterns closely to the real traffic condition so that it will more effectively support the emission mitigation policies on road traffic for local climate.</p>
12
Yanis, Muhammad, Gozian Islami, and Nazli Ismail. "Geophysics And Geomorphic Observation For Near-Surface Structures Mapping Of Seulimeum Fault On Lamtamot Area, Northern Sumatra." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 73, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm73202211.
Full textAbstract:
In the northern part of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, the Great Sumatran Fault, which can cause an earthquake, was divided into two segments: the Aceh and Seulimeum. An effort to reduce the risk is mapping the fault area, especially in the region that does not clearly show the sign on the surface, e.g., in the Lamtamot area, Indonesia. Electrical resistivity is widely used to study shallow structures, but the method requires more time when applied in a large area. This research explores the potential of an extremely low frequency (very low frequency-electromagnetic; VLF-EM) method to investigate the shallow fault of the Seulimeum segment. Here, the VLF-EM is compared with other geophysical methods such as resistivity and magnetic methods. For comprehensive results, the geomorphic observation that was conducted covered outcrops of the fault and trenching sites in the geophysical study for validating the model. A similar pattern of the VLF-EM and electrical resistivity data has been shown in a two-dimensional profile using data processing. The fault structure can be mapped at a distance of 20–24 m from the profile measurement, which is demonstrated by the low current density associated with the conductive zone from the VLF-EM, and low resistive anomaly in electrical resistivity. The fault can also be confirmed via magnetic intensity, which significantly increases at the same distance (20–25 m) of the VLF-EM and electrical resistivity. The geomorphic observation shows outcrops of fault activity, such as fault scarp, fractures, and faults, in the same direction as the Seulimeum segment, while scrap extends in the northwest direction up to ~20 m around the geophysical surveys. As revealed by the results, the VLF-EM method combined with other geophysical surveys and geomorphic observation can be used as a technique to image the fault that shows the shallow structure of the Seulimeum fault at 20–32 m along the profile.
13
Koutsarnakis, Christos, Faidon Liakos, Aristotelis V. Kalyvas, Evangelia Liouta, John Emelifeonwu, Theodosis Kalamatianos, Damianos E. Sakas, Elizabeth Johnson, and George Stranjalis. "Approaching the Atrium Through the Intraparietal Sulcus: Mapping the Sulcal Morphology and Correlating the Surgical Corridor to Underlying Fiber Tracts." Operative Neurosurgery 13, no. 4 (February 27, 2017): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opw037.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract BACKROUND: Although the operative corridor used during the intraparietal transsulcal approach to the atrium has been previously investigated, most anatomical studies focus on its relationship to the optic radiations. OBJECTIVE: To study the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) morphology and to explore the subcortical anatomy with regard to the surgical trajectory used during the intraparietal transsulcal tranventricular approach. METHODS: Twenty-five adult, formalin fixed, cerebral hemispheres were investigated. Fifteen underwent the Klingler procedure and were dissected in a lateromedial direction using the fiber microdissection technique. The trajectory of the dissection resembled that of real operative settings. The remaining 10 hemispheres were cut along the longitudinal axis of the sulcus in order to correlate its surface anatomy to corresponding parts of the ventricular system. RESULTS: IPS demonstrated an interrupted course in 36% of the specimens while its branching pattern was variable. The sulcus anterior half was found to overly the atrium in all occasions. Four discrete, consecutive white matter layers were identified en route to the atrium, ie, the arcuate fibers, the arcuate segment of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the corona radiata and tapetum, with the arcuate segment being near to the dissection trajectory. CONCLUSION: Given the angle of brain transgression during the intraparietal approach, we found the optimal dissection area to be the very middle of the sulcus. The IPS–postcentral sulcus meeting point, in contrast to previous thought, proved to risk potential injury to the arcuate segment of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, thus affecting surgical outcome.
14
Giussani, Carlo, David Pirillo, and Franck-Emmanuel Roux. "Mirror of the soul: a cortical stimulation study on recognition of facial emotions." Journal of Neurosurgery 112, no. 3 (March 2010): 520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.5.jns081522.
Full textAbstract:
Object The capability of recognizing the expressions of facial emotions has been hypothesized to depend on a right hemispheric cortical-subcortical network. Its impairment deeply disturbs social relationships. To spare right hemispheric cortical areas involved in recognizing facial emotion, the authors used intraoperative cortical stimulation and the awake surgery technique in a consecutive series of patients. The feasibility and the interest to map them during brain mapping for neurosurgical procedures are discussed. Methods After a preoperative neuropsychological evaluation, 18 consecutive patients with right hemispheric lesions (5 metastases, 6 high-grade gliomas, 4 low-grade gliomas, 2 arteriovenous malformations, and 1 malignant meningioma) were tested by intraoperative cortical stimulation while performing a facial emotion recognition task along with sensorimotor and visuospatial tasks. Results Three hundred eighty-six cortical sites were studied. Five (1.30%) reproducible interference sites for facial emotion recognition were identified in 5 patients: 1 site in the medial segment of T1; 1 site in the posterior segment of T1; 1 site in the posterior segment of T2; and 2 sites in the supramarginal gyrus. No selective impairment was found regarding the emotion category. All facial emotion recognition sites were spared during surgery, and none of the patients experienced postoperative deficits in recognition of facial emotions. Conclusions The finding of interference sites in facial emotion recognition in the right posterior perisylvian area, independent to sensorimotor or visuospatial orientation processes, reinforces the theory about the role of anatomically and functionally segregated right hemisphere structures in this cognitive process. The authors advocate offering a brain mapping of facial emotion recognition to patients with right posterior perisylvian tumors.
15
K.Aruna Kumari and K.Sri Rama Krishna. "Comparison of PAPR Reduction Using ABC-FF Algorithm and OGWO in MIMO-OFDM." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 6, no. 6 (November 28, 2022): 650–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2022.v06i06.109.
Full textAbstract:
In the transmitted signal, the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is the real disadvantage of multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Among different PAPR reduction techniques, selected mapping (SLM) is a famous strategy that accomplishes good PAPR reduction performance without signal distortion. Likewise, Partial transmit sequence (PTS) is additionally solitary of the successful techniques to decrease the PAPR in OFDM. Though, result an optimal segment issue in PTS system is measured to exist a critical concern. To progress the existing PAPR reduction techniques, we have incorporated ideal SLM and PTS based PAPR reduction strategy in parallel. By utilizing, the OGWO algorithm; the transmit succession was chosen with least PAPR above all communication antennas. The proposed PAPR reduction approach is applied independently on each transmitted antenna, and so the PAPR can be extremely reduced. Moreover, the OGWO optimization based PAPR reduction technique will provide better performance and it was been promoted as an uncomplicated way for PAPR reduction. The proposed approach will be analyzed with ABC-FF Algorithm PAPR reduction scheme to show the effectiveness
16
Kiianitsa, Konstantin, Vladimir Lesnikov, Robert Jordan, and George E. Georges. "Development of Tools for T Cell Repertoire Analysis (TCRB Spectratyping) for the Canine Model of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4873.4873.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Analysis of the recombinatorial diversity of rearranged T cell receptor genes in mature T cells is an essential tool in the evaluation of immune status and immune reconstitution in hematopoietic cell transplantation studies. While the spectratyping technique is available in human clinical research and mouse models, the canine genome has not been sufficiently annotated to simply implement the assay on the dog TCRB locus. To this end, we have annotated by bioinformatics and experimentally all canine TCRBV segments, as well as TCRBD, TCRBC and most of TCRBJ segments. Of all 31 canine TCRBV found, 23 were functional and 8 were pseudogenes. A multiplex PCR-based assay was further designed to analyze the entire TCRBV spectratype in a set of 4 reactions each containing 4 to 5 V-segment specific forward primers and a common C-segment specific reverse primer. Direct sequencing of RT-PCR products confirmed that all amplified genes originated from predicted V-segments and that the designed V-specific PCR primers did not cross-react with other TCRBV family members. The usefulness of the spectratyping technique for canine model of transplantation was further demonstrated in analysis of T-cell repertoire reconstitution of irradiated dogs at different time points of recovery. Moreover, our simple and rapid V (J) annotation strategy relies on internet resources open to the general public and does not require specialized training in bioinformatics. It can be readily applied for de novo identification and mapping of TCRB gene families in other animal species where genome sequence drafts become available. Figure 1. TCRB spectratype of fetal canine thymus. (A) RT-PCR using TCRBV family-specific forward primers (V1 through V26) and a common C region-specific reverse primer. (B) Amplification products specific for family V1 (high abundance) and V26 (low abundance) were copied in run-off reactions with the fluorescent C-specific primer and resolved on capillary gel. Figure 1. TCRB spectratype of fetal canine thymus. (A) RT-PCR using TCRBV family-specific forward primers (V1 through V26) and a common C region-specific reverse primer. (B) Amplification products specific for family V1 (high abundance) and V26 (low abundance) were copied in run-off reactions with the fluorescent C-specific primer and resolved on capillary gel.
17
Nafeh, Majd, Arash Bozorgchenani, and Daniele Tarchi. "Joint Scalable Video Coding and Transcoding Solutions for Fog-Computing-Assisted DASH Video Applications." Future Internet 14, no. 9 (September 17, 2022): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14090268.
Full textAbstract:
Video streaming solutions have increased their importance in the last decade, enabling video on demand (VoD) services. Among several innovative services, 5G and Beyond 5G (B5G) systems consider the possibility of providing VoD-based solutions for surveillance applications, citizen information and e-tourism applications, to name a few. Although the majority of the implemented solutions resort to a centralized cloud-based approach, the interest in edge/fog-based approaches is increasing. Fog-based VoD services result in fulfilling the stringent low-latency requirement of 5G and B5G networks. In the following, by resorting to the Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) technique, we design a video-segment deployment algorithm for streaming services in a fog computing environment. In particular, by exploiting the inherent adaptation of the DASH approach, we embed in the system a joint transcoding and scalable video coding (SVC) approach able to deploy at run-time the video segments upon the user’s request. With this in mind, two algorithms have been developed aiming at maximizing the marginal gain with respect to a pre-defined delay threshold and enabling video quality downgrade for faster video deployment. Numerical results demonstrate that by effectively mapping the video segments, it is possible to minimize the streaming latency while maximising the users’ target video quality.
18
Kolappan Geetha, Ganesh, Hyun-Jung Yang, and Sung-Han Sim. "Fast Detection of Missing Thin Propagating Cracks during Deep-Learning-Based Concrete Crack/Non-Crack Classification." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031419.
Full textAbstract:
Existing deep learning (DL) models can detect wider or thicker segments of cracks that occupy multiple pixels in the width direction, but fail to distinguish the thin tail shallow segment or propagating crack occupying fewer pixels. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a scheme for tracking missing thin/propagating crack segments during DL-based crack identification on concrete surfaces in a computationally efficient manner. The proposed scheme employs image processing as a preprocessor and a postprocessor for a 1D DL model. Image-processing-assisted DL as a precursor to DL eliminates labor-intensive labeling and the plane structural background without any distinguishable features during DL training and testing; the model identifies potential crack candidate regions. Iterative differential sliding-window-based local image processing as a postprocessor to DL tracks missing thin cracks on segments classified as cracks. The capability of the proposed method is demonstrated on low-resolution images with cracks of single-pixel width, captured using unmanned aerial vehicles on concrete structures with different surface textures, different scenes with complicated disturbances, and optical variability. Due to the multi-threshold-based image processing, the overall approach is invariant to the choice of initial sensitivity parameters, hyperparameters, and the sequence of neuron arrangement. Further, this technique is a computationally efficient alternative to semantic segmentation that results in pixelated mapping/classification of thin crack regimes, which requires labor-intensive and skilled labeling.
19
Kuo, Bor-Woei, Hsun-Hao Chang, Yung-Chang Chen, and Shi-Yu Huang. "A Light-and-Fast SLAM Algorithm for Robots in Indoor Environments Using Line Segment Map." Journal of Robotics 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/257852.
Full textAbstract:
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is an important technique for robotic system navigation. Due to the high complexity of the algorithm, SLAM usually needs long computational time or large amount of memory to achieve accurate results. In this paper, we present a lightweight Rao-Blackwellized particle filter- (RBPF-) based SLAM algorithm for indoor environments, which uses line segments extracted from the laser range finder as the fundamental map structure so as to reduce the memory usage. Since most major structures of indoor environments are usually orthogonal to each other, we can also efficiently increase the accuracy and reduce the complexity of our algorithm by exploiting this orthogonal property of line segments, that is, we treat line segments that are parallel or perpendicular to each other in a special way when calculating the importance weight of each particle. Experimental results shows that our work is capable of drawing maps in complex indoor environments, needing only very low amount of memory and much less computational time as compared to other grid map-based RBPF SLAM algorithms.
20
Yao, Xiang, Kaihua Zhou, Bin Lv, Lei Wang, Jun Xie, Xingli Fu, Jishan Yuan, and Yingqi Zhang. "3D mapping and classification of tibial plateau fractures." Bone & Joint Research 9, no. 6 (June 2020): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.96.bjr-2019-0382.r2.
Full textAbstract:
Aims Tibial plateau fractures (TPFs) are complex injuries around the knee caused by high- or low-energy trauma. In the present study, we aimed to define the distribution and frequency of TPF lines using a 3D mapping technique and analyze the rationalization of divisions employed by frequently used classifications. Methods In total, 759 adult patients with 766 affected knees were retrospectively reviewed. The TPF fragments on CT were multiplanar reconstructed, and virtually reduced to match a 3D model of the proximal tibia. 3D heat mapping was subsequently created by graphically superimposing all fracture lines onto a tibia template. Results The cohort included 405 (53.4%) cases with left knee injuries, 347 (45.7%) cases with right knee injuries, and seven (0.9%) cases with bilateral injuries. On mapping, the hot zones of the fracture lines were mainly concentrated around the anterior cruciate ligament insertion, posterior cruciate ligament insertion, and the inner part of the lateral condyle that extended to the junctional zone between Gerdy’s tubercle and the tibial tubercle. Moreover, the cold zones were scattered in the posteromedial fragment, superior tibiofibular syndesmosis, Gerdy’s tubercle, and tibial tubercle. TPFs with different Orthopaedic Trauma Association/AO Foundation (OTA/AO) subtypes showed peculiar characteristics. Conclusion TPFs occurred more frequently in the lateral and intermedial column than in the medial column. Fracture lines of tibial plateau occur frequently in the transition zone with marked changes in cortical thickness. According to 3D mapping, the four-column and nine-segment classification had a high degree of matching as compared to the frequently used classifications. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(6):258–267.
21
Eren-Erdoğmuş, İrem, and Taşkın Dirsehan. "Exploring local vs global brand associations in an emerging market using BCM technique." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 20, no. 3 (June 12, 2017): 266–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qmr-04-2015-0027.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to differentiate local versus global brand associations in an emerging market (Turkey)’s coffee shop market. Design/methodology/approach Two leading coffee shop brands – one local and one global – were analyzed with an emerging exploratory research technique – brand concept mapping (BCM) – to reveal their strong, favorable and unique associations leading them to market leadership. Findings The results indicate that, these two successful brands both have distinctive, yet relevant positions in their consumers’ mind. Local cultural experience is relevant for differentiating local brands, even if the coffee shop concept is globally imported. Global coffee shop brand, on the other hand, means membership to global middle income segment and is remembered as global fast coffee service. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this exploratory study is the sample size limitation by its nature. So, the generalizability of the results should be approached with caution. Researchers use BCM technique; however, this method does not permit to reveal the expected levels and the importance of the attributes. Thus, further research are suggested to be complementary. Originality/value This study fills the research gap in revealing and comparing local vs global brand associations by using BCM technique, which enables one to measure the strength, unique and favorable associations/brand images more suitable to Keller’s (1993) conceptualization. This study pioneers in using this technique in international branding.
22
Ramalingam, Balakrishnan, Abdullah Aamir Hayat, Mohan Rajesh Elara, Braulio Félix Gómez, Lim Yi, Thejus Pathmakumar, Madan Mohan Rayguru, and Selvasundari Subramanian. "Deep Learning Based Pavement Inspection Using Self-Reconfigurable Robot." Sensors 21, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 2595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082595.
Full textAbstract:
The pavement inspection task, which mainly includes crack and garbage detection, is essential and carried out frequently. The human-based or dedicated system approach for inspection can be easily carried out by integrating with the pavement sweeping machines. This work proposes a deep learning-based pavement inspection framework for self-reconfigurable robot named Panthera. Semantic segmentation framework SegNet was adopted to segment the pavement region from other objects. Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) based object detection is used to detect and localize pavement defects and garbage. Furthermore, Mobile Mapping System (MMS) was adopted for the geotagging of the defects. The proposed system was implemented and tested with the Panthera robot having NVIDIA GPU cards. The experimental results showed that the proposed technique identifies the pavement defects and litters or garbage detection with high accuracy. The experimental results on the crack and garbage detection are presented. It is found that the proposed technique is suitable for deployment in real-time for garbage detection and, eventually, sweeping or cleaning tasks.
23
Lau, Henry, Dilupa Nakandala, Premaratne Samaranayake, and Paul Shum. "A hybrid multi-criteria decision model for supporting customer-focused profitability analysis." Industrial Management & Data Systems 116, no. 6 (July 11, 2016): 1105–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2015-0410.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – Strategic analysis of customer profitability for assessing market segmentation and reconfiguring customer relationship management (CRM) activities remains the key factor for achieving high return on CRM investment. The purpose of this paper is to map the profit-based ranking of corporate customers into the current market segments, with a view of determining the relative profitability of each market segment. Design/methodology/approach – This study develops a novel model that combines activity-based costing (ABC), CRM, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods to evaluate strategically customer profitability and prioritizing corporate accounts. This case study airline company has invested heavily in CRM over the past seven years on integrating multi-functional departments that touch customers. The airline operations management and marketing functions provide key inputs. Results of the hybrid model validate feasibility of the proposed model. Findings – The airline management makes use of the ranking results to optimize customer profitability by reconfiguring marketing programs, integrated schedule design, fleet assignment, maintenance routing, crew scheduling, and real-time optimization of schedule recovery in the aftermath of disruptions or irregularities. The proposed model also directs the marketing function to customize service offerings and introduce appropriate service levels to engage customers of different segments for the purpose of maximizing corporate profitability. Research limitations/implications – Significant amount of investment is necessary to design and implement the extensive CRM database and systems to assure customer data quality and availability so as to bear fruits in the proposed hybrid model. These data requirements can especially be a critical barrier for small to medium-sized companies. Practical implications – This hybrid model is able to capitalize on the benefits of the ABC, CRM, fuzzy AHP, and TOPSIS methods and offset their deficiencies. Most importantly, it can be applied to various industries without complex modification. Originality/value – This study represents the first move to adopt the fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS methods to analyze the ABC and CRM data inputs of an airline company. In mapping the profit-based ranking of corporate customers into the current market segments, the relative profitability of each market segment can be determined.
24
Lyon, P. J., P. J. Boult, M. Watson, and R. R. Hillis. "A SYSTEMATIC FAULT SEAL EVALUATION OF THE LADBROKE GROVE AND PYRUS TRAPS OF THE PENOLA TROUGH, OTWAY BASIN." APPEA Journal 45, no. 1 (2005): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04036.
Full textAbstract:
Juxtaposition mapping of lithology onto the Ladbroke Grove Fault plane shows that the Pretty Hill Sandstone reservoir, which hosts a 90 m gas column, juxtaposes massive shale units in the hangingwall. Retention of the column at Ladbroke Grove can thus be attributed to favourable across-fault, reservoir-seal juxtaposition. The free water level (FWL) of the Ladbroke Grove column coincides with an abrupt change in strike of the fault from east–west to northwest–southeast. Fault re-activation risking using the FAST (Fault Analysis Seals Technology) technique indicates that the northwest–southeast striking segment of the fault is critically oriented within the in-situ stress field for reactivation, whereas the more east–west trending segment is associated with a relatively lower risk of fault re-activation. Hence recent slip along the northwest–southeast segment may have created permeable fracture networks along this part of the fault plane and thus limited the extent of the column to that bounded by the east–west trending fault segment. This hypothesis is supported by data on soil gases acquired across the fault which suggest that the fault is leaking CO2 across its northwest–southeast striking segment, but not across its east–west striking segment.The Pyrus Fault is not presently sealing by across-fault, reservoir-seal juxtaposition. The throw on the fault plane is sufficient to juxtapose the Katnook Sandstone in the hangingwall against the Pretty Hill Sandstone reservoir in the footwall, providing a sand-on-sand juxtaposition leak point at the structural apex of the trap. Fault re-activation along this fault is likely to have caused fracturing of any shale gouge veneer that may have been present along this sand-on-sand contact resulting in across-fault leakage of hydrocarbons into the Katnook Sandstone and leakage up the fault along permeable fracture networks. FAST predictions of fault re-activation show that the fault is critically oriented within the in-situ stress field for re-activation and soil gas measurements at the surface suggest the fault is leaking CO2.
25
Arfan, A., S. Nyompa, R. Maru, S. Nurdin, and M. F. Juanda. "Mapping Analysis of Mangrove Areas using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Method in Maros District South Sulawesi." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2123, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2123/1/012010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology can be used for remote sensing applications. The use of UAVs increases the efficiency of collecting land use information in mangrove forest areas. The purpose of the study was to analyze the mangrove forest area using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle around Sabang Tambua Pier and Ampekale Village. The data analysis technique is remote sensing analysis and geographic information system using Pix4D, Agisoft Metashape 1.7 and ArcGIS ArcMap 1.4 applications. The results of the analysis show that mangroves appear green in color, rough texture, elongated shape following the coastline. Residential settlements are white or brown in color, rectangular in shape, rough in texture and the site sometimes follows the highway and follows the coastline. The clear green pond resembles a body of water with a rectangular shape. The road segment is in the form of black lines on asphalt roads and grayish-white on concrete roads. The area of land use for mangroves, settlements, ponds, bodies of water (sea) around the Sabang Tambua Pier is 4.67 ha, 1.20 ha, 26.73 ha and 3.85 ha, while in Ampekale Village 4.06 h2, 1.95 ha, 12.61 ha and 2.10 ha.
26
Cadavid, Adriana. "Evaluation of Sensory Mapping of Erector Spinae Plane Block." Pain Physician 3;23, no. 6;3 (June 14, 2020): E285—E295. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2020/23/e285.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Erector spinae plane (ESP) block is an effective regional analgesic technique for thoracic and abdominal pain. The volume of local anesthetic (LA) needed to produce sensory block in the spinal segment is unknown. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the extent of dermatomal spread following ultrasound-guided administration of ESP block, with a fixed-volume dose of a LA at the midthoracic area for analgesia in acute thoracic pain patients. Secondary objectives were postprocedure analgesia and patient satisfaction. Study Design: This research used a prospective unicentric exploratory cohort design. Setting: The study was conducted at an academic university hospital. Methods: A total of 18 patients with acute severe chest pain including rib fractures, thoracic postoperative rescue analgesia, zoster herpetic neuritis, and myofascial pain syndrome received ESP block under ultrasound guidance at the T5-T7 levels. Twenty mL of 0.5% plain bupivacaine was injected. Evaluation of the sensory block was carried out 60 minutes following the completion of the ESP block via a change in sensation to pinprick and cold methods. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain was recorded one hour after the procedure. Patient satisfaction was reported using a 4-point Likert scale. This study was registered with the clinicaltrials.gov database (identifier: NCT03831581). Results: Sixteen patients had a successful ESP block; 2 patients were excluded for a failed block. The mean dermatomal spread was 9 (range, 8-11). VAS scores improved by at least 50% from baseline (P < .05), one hour after the ESP block. The degree of satisfaction reported by all patients on the Likert scale was 4 points. No major complications were observed. Limitations: This study was limited by its sample size. Conclusions: An ultrasound-guided ESP block with a single injection at the midthoracic level with 20 mL of 0.5% plain bupivacaine provides a mean dermatomal spread of 9 dermatomes (range, 8-11) with a high rate of analgesic efficacy and low incidence of adverse effects. Key words: Acute pain, dermatomal spread, erector spine plane nerve block, thoracic pain, thoracic postoperative analgesia
27
Wu, Tsung Chien, Jiing Yih Lai, Yu Wen Tseng, Chao Yaug Liao, and Ju Yi Lee. "Design Modification of Additive Manufacturing Parts Using Texture Information of 3D Model." Key Engineering Materials 825 (October 2019): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.825.19.
Full textAbstract:
Additive manufacturing (AM) has been commonly used for the prototyping of three-dimensional (3D) models. The input model of the AM technology is a triangular model representing the surface shape of an object. The design features on a triangular model are generally not clear as the vertices are irregularly distributed. If design modification is necessary, it is difficult to segment and extract the meshes from the model. The objective of this study is to propose a method for extracting the design features on an object model by using the texture information. A 3D color model including a triangular model representing the object shape and a texture map describing the object texture is employed. The 3D model is generated by using a set of object images captured from different views surrounding the object. A texture mapping algorithm is then employed to generate the texture map corresponding to the 3D model. With both meshes and texture displayed in a texture mode, a region extraction technique is employed to extract the design features. All parts separated can then be fabricated with an AM machine, and assembled for checking the feasibility of design modification. Several products are employed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technique.
28
Tang, K. K. W., M. R. Mahmud, A. Hussaini, and A. G. Abubakar. "EVALUATING IMAGERY-DERIVED BATHYMETRY OF SEABED TOPOGRAPHY TO SUPPORT MARINE CADASTRE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W16 (October 1, 2019): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-633-2019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia has introduced marine cadastre system to register the rights, other valid interests therein and ownership of spatially determined parcels in the context of the marine environment yet the implementation of the system is still at the rudimentary stage. One of the big issues here is gathering land-to-seabed data to create a seamless topographic base map to support its marine cadastre project. Seabed bathymetric mapping in coastal zone is one of the major components to support marine cadastre. In the past, accurate bathymetric measurements can be a very laborious task in hydrographic surveying. Traditional vessel-based acoustic soundings require a lot of time, operation cost and others. Today, human’s ingenuity to yield bathymetric depths from multispectral images as an alternative source to chart the seabed topography has brought in new revolution to hydrography. The paper is initiated for evaluating water depth determination by using imagery-derived bathymetry technique and check its correlation with in-situ bathymetry depths. In the course of experiment, it demonstrates a good correlation between the imagery-derived bathymetric depths and the in-situ bathymetric depths, and majority of the derived depths have passed the minimum requirement of the IHO S-44 survey standard. The result also shows that these empirical models deliver promising outcome which can be use over the turbid environment setting. Hence, imagery-derived bathymetry approach can be an efficient and repeatable way to derive the seabed topography over a huge segment of coastal region. This study also suggests that imagery-derived bathymetry approach can be recognised as an aid in seabed topographic mapping to support marine cadastre initiative.
29
Zhang, M., Z. Li, and X. Wu. "SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION METHOD ACCELERATED QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 933–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-933-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Rapid investigation and quantitative analysis are crucial for heritage conservation and renewal design. As an important category of architectural heritage - traditional settlements - with their large number and complex spatial characteristics, their spatial character patterns are an important support to assist settlement conservation and renewal design. However, the current means of analysis often requires manual data collection, secondary mapping of the collected data, extraction of individual elemental patterns and village boundaries. Then settlement boundary form, settlement density will be calculated by mathematical methods. The above methods are inefficient and prone to manual mapping errors, making it difficult to quantify and analyze a large number of traditional villages in a short period of time. Semantic segmentation is a computer vision technique for quickly segmenting different objects. Based on the collected remote sensing data of traditional villages, this paper established a dataset of semantic segmentation of spatial features of traditional settlements, segmenting village buildings, water systems, roads and plants. Using Transfer learning, data augmentation and other methods, a model was trained that can automatically segment elements of the villages. From the national traditional villages that have been announced so far, 60 traditional villages from different regions in the north and south were selected for analysis. The experiments show that the model established in this paper has an accuracy rate of above 86% in segmenting elements of villages, can effectively identify the location of different elements in remote sensing images, effectively improves the quantification rate of spatial features of settlements and saves the cost of mapping and data transcription. The results of the spatial characteristics of the 60 villages studied in this paper can also provide some theoretical basis and inspiration for the study, conservation, design and transformation of traditional villages.
30
Khagi, Bijen, and Goo-Rak Kwon. "3D CNN based Alzheimer’s diseases classification using segmented Grey matter extracted from whole-brain MRI." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.5.2.572.
Full textAbstract:
A recent study from MRI has revealed that there is a minor increase in cerebral-spinal fluid (CSF) content in brain ventricles and sulci, along with a substantial decrease in grey matter (GM) content and brain volume among Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It has been discovered that the grey matter volume shrinkage may indicate the possible case of dementia and related diseases like AD. Clinicians and radiologists use imaging techniques like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) scan, and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to diagnose and visualize the tissue contents of the brain. Using the whole brain MRI as the feature is an on-going approach among machine learning researchers, however, we are interested only in grey matter content. First, we segment the MRI using the SPM (Statistical parameter mapping) tool and then apply the smoothing technique to get a 3D image of grey matter (later called as grey version) from each MRI. This image file is then fed into 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) with necessary pre-processing so that it can train the network, to produce a classifying model. Once trained, an untested MRI (i.e. its grey version) can be passed through the CNN to determine whether it is a healthy control (HC), or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) due to AD (mAD) or AD dementia (ADD). Our validation and testing accuracy are reported here and compared with normal MRI and its grey version.
31
Yang, Ying-Hui, Qiang Chen, Qian Xu, Jing-Jing Zhao, Jyr-Ching Hu, Hao-Liang Li, and Lang Xu. "Comprehensive Investigation of Capabilities of the Left-Looking InSAR Observations in Coseismic Surface Deformation Mapping and Faulting Model Estimation Using Multi-Pass Measurements: An Example of the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan Earthquake." Remote Sensing 13, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 2034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112034.
Full textAbstract:
We here present an example of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake with its coseismic surface deformation mapped by the ALOS-2 satellite both in the right- and left-looking observation modes. It provides the opportunity to reveal the coseismic surface deformation and to explore the performance of the unusual left-looking data in faulting model inversion. Firstly, three tracks (ascending and descending right-looking and descending left-looking) of ALOS PALSAR-2 images are used to extract the surface deformation fields. It suggests that the displacements measured by the descending left-looking InSAR coincide well with the ascending right-looking track observations. Then, the location and strike angle of the fault are determined from the SAR pixel offset-tracking technique. A complicated four-segment fault geometry is inferred for explaining the coseismic faulting of the Kumamoto earthquake due to the interpretation of derived deformation fields. Quantitative comparisons between models constrained by the right-looking only data and by joint right- and left-looking data suggest that left-looking InSAR could provide comparable constraints for geodetic modelling to right-looking InSAR. Furthermore, the slip model suggests that the series of events are dominated by the dextral strike-slip with some normal fault motions. The fault rupture initiates on the Hinagu fault segment and propagates from southwest to northeast along the Hinagu fault, then transforms to Futagawa fault with a slip maximum of 4.96 m, and finally ends up at ~7 km NW of the Aso caldera, with a rupture length of ~55 km. The talent of left-looking InSAR in surface deformation detection and coseismic faulting inversion indicates that left-looking InSAR can be effectively utilized in the investigation of the geologic hazards in the future, same as right-looking InSAR.
32
Bartashchuk, A. V., and V. G. Suyarko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(29)2020, no. 2(29) (December 24, 2020): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2020.02.051.
Full textAbstract:
Aim of the work is tectonophysical identify the totality of the deformation structures of the collisional evolutionary stage, which determine the tectonic style of the Transition Zone between Dnieper-Donets Basin and the Donbas Foldbelt. Methods. For the research, we used the author's technique for reconstructing the fields of tectonic deformations and tectonophysical analysis of geostructures. The analytical base of the research was made up of new materials of geological mapping of the territory of the transition zone between the Basin and the Foldbelt. Results. Inversion deformations of the Dnieper-Donets Paleorift were controlled by lattices of tectonites of regionally stable submeridional directions of movements. An analysis of structural patterns of tectonites indicates over the riftogenic faults of the basement in the sedimentary cover of the transition zone, echeloned stages of plumage are formed, composed of thrusts with a significant component of horizontal displacement. The tectonic style of the Transition Zone is determined by the pushing on the low dislocation autochthonous of the Basin of the repeatedly deformed, crumpled into the folds of sedimentary geomas from the Foldbelt. The allochthon structural and tectonic framework consists of thrusts, coulisse-jointed structural ensembles of thrusts, folded covers of transverse extrusion of geomas from axial to side zones, and folded covers of longitudinal thrust towards the depression. All together its form the Western Donets Cover-folded Region, the main structural element of which is the Segment of the Tectonic Wedging of geomass. The north-eastern flank of the Segment is formed by linear anticlinal zones - Torsky-Drobishivska, North-Donets, Matrossko-Toshkovska, south-western - Petrovsko-Novotroitska. The structural apex of the Segment is a tectonic junction at the ends of dynamically conjugated thrusts in the area of the joint of the salt-dome shafts of the axial part of the Basin. Scientific novelty. The tectonic inversion is responsible for the formation of three folded structural floors - the Herzinian, Laramian and Attic. According to the dynamically coupled lattice, a cover-folding system of tectonic thrusting was formed in them, which was first diagnosed as a Segment of Tectonic Wedging of geomas by the Donbas Foldbelt. On the basis of this, within the Transtition Zone, a Western-Donetsk cover-folded Region was separated, covering two tectonic areas in intensity and style of deformation of the sedimentary cover - Kalmius-Toretsky area of scaly covering in the southwestern part, which is limited to the South Donbass Melange Zone in the south, and the Lugansk-Kamyshuvakhsky area of the coulisse-jointed uplift-folding on the northeastern part, which from the north is limited by the low-folded Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover. They are separated by the Central Zone of Strike-slip control along the axial folded zone of large stage-jointed uplift-folds, which include Great-Kamyshuvakhska, Novotroitska, Druzhkovsko-Konstantinovska and Main anticlines. Practical significance. Based on the actual geo-mapping data, it is proved the riftogenic structure in the southeast of the Dnieper-Donets Paleorift is destroyed by folding at the stages of platform activation. Allocation of territory of the Western Donetsk Сover-folded Region allow to correct the scheme of tectonic zoning of the Dnieper-Donets Basin, which is the basis for modeling the geodynamics of the Transition Zone formation.
33
GARCÍA, U., S. GRUMBACHER-REINERT, R. BOOKMAN, and H. REUTER. "Distribution of Na+ and K+ Currents in Soma, Axons and Growth Cones of Leech Retzius Neurones in Culture." Journal of Experimental Biology 150, no. 1 (May 1, 1990): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.150.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
1. Leech Retzius neurones were isolated by a new technique which allowed investigation of macroscopic currents over the surface of the cell body and the axons using loose patch-clamp. The distribution of ion current densities was measured for neurones that had just been removed from the CNS, and for cultured cells in which neurite outgrowth had begun. To standardize the mapping procedure, the same patch electrode was used at various sites along the neurone. 2. Immediately after isolation of the cell, rapidly activating and inactivating Na+ currents were recorded from distal segments of the axons, but not from the soma or the proximal segment. Na+ currents were isolated by using patch electrodes containing tetraethylammonium (TEA+) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) to block K+ channels and Cd2+ to block calcium channels. Na+ currents in all regions of the neurone where they could be recorded were similar in their voltage dependence and kinetics. The Na+ current density was highest at the broken tips of the axon stumps. 3. Neurites began to extend from the broken axon tips approximately 30min after isolation. Newly grown processes showed a high density of Na+ currents at their growth cones. After 2 days in culture the current densities became more uniformly distributed and Na+ currents could then be recorded in the soma and proximal axon segments. 4. In agreement with earlier studies made with conventional two-electrode voltage-clamp, three principal K+ currents were detected in Retzius cells: a rapidly activating and inactivatingA-type current blocked by 4-AP (IA); a more slowly activating and inactivating delayed K+ current blocked by TEA+ (IK1); and a Ca2+-activated K+ current (IC). Immediately after isolation of the Retzius cell, both rapid A-type and slow delayed K+ currents were distributed more uniformly than Na+ currents over the soma and axons. In their voltage sensitivities and kinetics, these two K+ currents were markedly different from each other; their characteristics were, however, constant in different regions of the cell. 5. Ca2+ currents were too small to be measured directly during depolarizing pulses. However, tail currents were large enough to demonstrate the presence of Ca2+ channels in the proximal segment of the axon and in the soma; the currents were not sufficiently large to resolve their spatial distribution. 6. It is concluded that ion channels are present in newly grown membranes and that the density of Na+ channels is highest in the tips of distal axon stumps from which outgrowth begins. By contrast, K+ currents are distributed more uniformly along the neurone.
34
Martini, Nicola, Antonella Meloni, Vincenzo Positano, Daniele Della Latta, Petra Keilberg, Laura Pistoia, Anna Spasiano, et al. "Fully Automated Regional Analysis of Myocardial T2* Values for Iron Quantification Using Deep Learning." Electronics 11, no. 17 (September 1, 2022): 2749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11172749.
Full textAbstract:
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) T2* mapping is the gold standard technique for the assessment of iron overload in the heart. The quantitative analysis of T2* values requires the manual segmentation of T2* images, which is a time-consuming and operator-dependent procedure. This study describes a fully-automated method for the regional analysis of myocardial T2* distribution using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). A CNN with U-Net architecture was trained to segment multi-echo T2*-weighted images in 16 sectors in accordance with the American Heart Association (AHA) model. We used images from 210 patients (three slices, 10 multi-echo images) with iron overload diseases to train and test the CNN. The performance of the proposed method was quantitatively evaluated on an independent holdout test set by comparing the segmentation accuracy of the CNN and the T2* values obtained by the automated method against ground-truth labels provided by two experts. Segmentation metrics and global and regional T2* values assessed by the proposed DL method closely matched those obtained by experts with excellent intraclass correlation in all myocardial sectors of the AHA model (ICC range [0.944, 0.996]). This method could be effectively adopted in the clinical setting for fast and accurate analysis of myocardial T2*.
35
Thakor, Avnesh S., Mohammed T. Alshammari, David M. Liu, John Chung, Stephen G. F. Ho, Gerald M. Legiehn, Lindsay Machan, Aaron M. Fischman, Rahul S. Patel, and Darren Klass. "Transradial Access for Interventional Radiology: Single-Centre Procedural and Clinical Outcome Analysis." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 68, no. 3 (August 2017): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2016.09.003.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The study sought to describe a single centre's technical approach to transradial intervention and report on clinical outcomes and safety. Methods A total of 749 transradial access (TRA) procedures were performed at a single hospital in 562 patients (174 women and 388 men). Procedures included 445 bland embolizations or chemoembolizations of the liver, 88 uterine artery embolizations, and 148 procedures for Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (Y90), which included mapping and administration. The mean age of the patients was 62 years (range 27–96 years). Results Four cases (0.5%) required crossover to transfemoral (tortuous anatomy, inability to secure a stable position for embolization, vessel spasm and base catheter not being of a sufficient length). A single asymptomatic, short-segment radial artery occlusion occurred (0.3%), 3 patients (0.4%) developed small hematomas postprocedurally, and 2 patients (0.7%) had transient neurological pain, which was resolved within a week without treatment. It was found that 98% of patients who had a previous femoral access procedure would choose radial access for subsequent procedures. Conclusions Transradial access is a safe, effective technique, with a learning curve; however, this procedure has the potential to significantly improve departmental workflow and cost savings for the department and patient experience.
36
Griffin, C. M., J. Dehmeshki, D. T. Chard, G. JM Parker, G. J. Barker, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller. "T1 histograms of normal-appearing brain tissue are abnormal in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 8, no. 3 (June 2002): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1352458502ms807oa.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To use both whole-brain and normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT) T1 relaxation time histograms to investigate abnormalities in early relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). Background: In patients with established MS, both lesions and NABT exhibit an increase in T1 relaxation time. By using T1 histogram analysis, it is hoped that such changes in early disease can be detected. Method: Twenty-seven patients and 14 age- and sex-matched controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, which included the following sequences: 1) proton density (PD)- and T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE) to measure T2 lesion load, 2) PD- and T1-weighted gradient echos from which T1 relaxation was calculated, and 3) T1-weighted SE imaging pre- and post-triple dose (0.3 mmol/kg) gadolinium (Gd-DTPA) to measure T1 hypointense and gadolinium-enhancing lesion loads, respectively. All patients had RR MS with disease duration <3 years (median 1.7 years). Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 99 was used to segment brain from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and lesions were segmented using a local thresholding technique. Results: Both whole-brain and NABT histograms were abnormal for all six T1 histogram parameters that were measured. For NABT, the mean T1 was 1027 (-74) ms in patients and 969 (-41) ms in controls (p=0.003). There was little difference between the global and NABT histograms, which indicates that most of the whole-brain histogram abnormality derives from normal-appearing tissues. There was a correlation between the Nine-Hole Peg Test and NABT T1 measures. Conclusion: There are widespread abnormalities of NABT in early RR MS, which were sensitively detected by T1 relaxation time histogram analysis. As such, T1 histogram analysis appears promising for studying the natural history of early RR MS, and in the monitoring of response to treatment.
37
Gatt, Alfred, Pierre Schembri-Wismayer, Nachiappan Chockalingam, and Cynthia Formosa. "Kinematic and Kinetic Comparison of Fresh Frozen and Thiel-Embalmed Human Feet for Suitability for Biomechanical Educational and Research Settings." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 109, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/16-130.
Full textAbstract:
Background: In vitro biomechanical testing of the human foot often involves the use of fresh frozen cadaveric specimens to investigate interventions that would be detrimental to human subjects. The Thiel method is an alternative embalming technique that maintains soft-tissue consistency similar to that of living tissue. However, its suitability for biomechanical testing is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether Thiel-embalmed foot specimens exhibit kinematic and kinetic biomechanical properties similar to those of fresh frozen specimens. Methods: An observational study design was conducted at a university biomechanics laboratory. Three cadavers had both limbs amputated, with one being fresh frozen and the other preserved by Thiel's embalming. Each foot was tested while undergoing plantarflexion and dorsiflexion in three states: unloaded and under loads of 10 and 20 kg. Their segment kinematics and foot pressure mapping were assessed simultaneously. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between fresh frozen and Thiel-embalmed sample pairs regarding kinematics and kinetics. Conclusions: These findings highlight similar kinematic and kinetic properties between fresh frozen and Thiel-embalmed foot specimens, thus possibly enabling these specimens to be interchanged due to the latter specimens' advantage of delayed decomposition. This can open innovative opportunities for the use of these specimens in applications related to the investigation of dynamic foot function in research and education.
38
Gil-González, Julián, Andrés A. Álvarez-Meza, Julián D. Echeverry-Correa, Álvaro A. Orozco-Gutiérrez, and Mauricio A. Álvarez-López. "Enhancement of nerve structure segmentation by a correntropy-based pre-image approach." TecnoLógicas 20, no. 39 (May 2, 2017): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22430/22565337.717.
Full textAbstract:
Peripheral Nerve Blocking (PNB) is a commonly used technique for performing regional anesthesia and managing pain. PNB comprises the administration of anesthetics in the proximity of a nerve. In this sense, the success of PNB procedures depends on an accurate location of the target nerve. Recently, ultrasound images (UI) have been widely used to locate nerve structures for PNB, since they enable a non-invasive visualization of the target nerve and the anatomical structures around it. However, UI are affected by speckle noise, which makes it difficult to accurately locate a given nerve. Thus, it is necessary to perform a filtering step to attenuate the speckle noise without eliminating relevant anatomical details that are required for high-level tasks, such as segmentation of nerve structures. In this paper, we propose an UI improvement strategy with the use of a pre-image-based filter. In particular, we map the input images by a nonlinear function (kernel). Specifically, we employ a correntropy-based mapping as kernel functional to code higher-order statistics of the input data under both nonlinear and non-Gaussian conditions. We validate our approach against an UI dataset focused on nerve segmentation for PNB. Likewise, our Correntropy-based Pre-Image Filtering (CPIF) is applied as a pre-processing stage to segment nerve structures in a UI. The segmentation performance is measured in terms of the Dice coefficient. According to the results, we observe that CPIF finds a suitable approximation for UI by highlighting discriminative nerve patterns.
39
Kabsch, Wolfgang. "Processing of X-ray snapshots from crystals in random orientations." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 70, no. 8 (July 25, 2014): 2204–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1399004714013534.
Full textAbstract:
A functional expression is introduced that relates scattered X-ray intensities from a still or a rotation snapshot to the corresponding structure-factor amplitudes. The new approach was implemented in the programnXDSfor processing monochromatic diffraction images recorded by a multi-segment detector where each exposure could come from a different crystal. For images containing indexable spots, the intensities of the expected reflections and their variances are obtained by profile fitting after mapping the contributing pixel contents to the Ewald sphere. The varying intensity decline owing to the angular distance of the reflection from the surface of the Ewald sphere is estimated using a Gaussian rocking curve. This decline is dubbed `Ewald offset correction', which is well defined even for still images. Together with an image-scaling factor and other corrections, an explicit expression is defined that predicts each recorded intensity from its corresponding structure-factor amplitude. All diffraction parameters, scaling and correction factors are improved by post-refinement. The ambiguous case of a lower point group than the lattice symmetry is resolved by a method reminiscent of the technique of `selective breeding'. It selects the indexing alternative for each image that yields, on average, the highest correlation with intensities from all other images. Processing a test set of rotation images byXDSand treating the same images bynXDSas snapshots of crystals in random orientations yields data of comparable quality, clearly indicating an anomalous signal from Se atoms.
40
Martín, Francisco, Fernando González, José Miguel Guerrero, Manuel Fernández, and Jonatan Ginés. "Semantic 3D Mapping from Deep Image Segmentation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041953.
Full textAbstract:
The perception and identification of visual stimuli from the environment is a fundamental capacity of autonomous mobile robots. Current deep learning techniques make it possible to identify and segment objects of interest in an image. This paper presents a novel algorithm to segment the object’s space from a deep segmentation of an image taken by a 3D camera. The proposed approach solves the boundary pixel problem that appears when a direct mapping from segmented pixels to their correspondence in the point cloud is used. We validate our approach by comparing baseline approaches using real images taken by a 3D camera, showing that our method outperforms their results in terms of accuracy and reliability. As an application of the proposed algorithm, we present a semantic mapping approach for a mobile robot’s indoor environments.
41
Krüger, Frank, Torsten Dahm, and Katrin Hannemann. "Mapping of Eastern North Atlantic Ocean seismicity from Po/So observations at a mid-aperture seismological broad-band deep sea array." Geophysical Journal International 221, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 1055–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa054.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARY A mid-aperture broad-band test array (OBS array DOCTAR) was deployed from June 2011 to April 2012 about 100 km north of the Gloria fault in the Eastern North Atlantic in about 5000 m water depth. In addition arrays were installed on Madeira Island and in western Portugal mainland. For the first time in the Eastern North Atlantic, we recorded a large number of high frequency Po and So waves from local and regional small and moderate earthquakes (ML < 4). An incoherent beamforming method was adapted to scan continuous data for such Po and So arrivals applying a sliding window waveform migration and frequency–wavenumber technique. We identify about 320 Po and 1550 So arrivals and compare the phase onsets with the ISC catalogue (ISC 2015) for the same time span. Up to a distance of 6° to the DOCTAR stations all events listed in the ISC catalogue could be associated to Po and So phases. Arrivals from events in more than 10° distance could be identified only in some cases. Only few Po and/or So arrivals were detected for earthquakes from the European and African continental area, the continental shelf regions and for earthquakes within or northwest of the Azores plateau. Unexpectedly, earthquake clusters are detected within the oceanic plates north and south of the Gloria fault and far from plate boundaries, indicating active intraplate structures. We also observe and locate numerous small magnitude earthquakes on the segment of the Gloria fault directly south of DOCTAR, which likely coincides with the rupture of the 25 November 1941 event. Local small magnitude earthquakes located beneath DOCTAR show hypocentres up to 30 km depth and strike-slip focal mechanisms. A comparison with detections at temporary mid-aperture arrays on Madeira and in western Portugal shows that the deep ocean array performs much better than the island and the continental array regarding the detection threshold for events in the oceanic plates. We conclude that sparsely distributed mid-aperture seismic arrays in the deep ocean could decrease the detection and location threshold for seismicity with ML < 4 in the oceanic plate and might constitute a valuable tool to monitor oceanic plate seismicity.
42
Walter, M. A., H. M. Dosch, and D. W. Cox. "A deletion map of the human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 2 (August 1, 1991): 335–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.2.335.
Full textAbstract:
Analysis of VH gene segments deleted in the process of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) variable region assembly in three series of monoclonal B cell lines has been used to determine the human VH region organization. A deletion map of the relative positions of 21 different VH gene segments has been determined. The characterization of B cell lines from three unrelated adults of two racial groups yielded the same relative VH gene segment order, suggesting that the overall order of VH genes in the normal population is constant. This VH gene segment order was consistent with what we had previously generated from physical mapping techniques. DH segments from the second DH cluster, distinct from the major DH locus 3' of the VH region, were not observed to be used in 32 different rearrangements. Approximately 77% of the VH-(D)JH rearrangements involved VH gene segments within 500 kb of the JH region, indicating that human B cell lines preferentially rearrange JH-proximal VH gene segments. The switch, observed in mice, from the fetal use of JH-proximal VH gene segments to an adult VH use dependent upon VH family size may therefore not occur in humans. This detailed map of the VH gene segments is a necessary prerequisite for understanding VH usage in development and disease.
43
Cen, Xuanzhen, Lidong Gao, Meimei Yang, Minjun Liang, István Bíró, and Yaodong Gu. "Arch-Support Induced Changes in Foot-Ankle Coordination in Young Males with Flatfoot during Unplanned Gait Termination." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 5539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235539.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The efficacy of arch orthoses in posture adjustment and joint coordination improvement during steady-state gait is well documented; however, the biomechanical changes of gait sub-tasks caused by arch support (AS), especially during gait termination, are poorly understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate how the acute arch-supporting intervention affects foot–ankle coordination and coordination variability (CV) in individuals with flatfoot during unplanned gait termination (UGT). Methods: Twenty-five male patients with flatfoot were selected as subjects participated in this AS manipulation study. A motion capture system was used for the collection of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) and ankle kinematics during UGT. MPJ-Ankle coordination and CV were quantified using an optimized vector coding technique during the three sub-phases of UGT. A paired-sample t-test from the one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping of one-dimensional was applied to examine the data significance. Results: Significant differences for the joint kinematics between non-arch-support (NAS) and AS were exhibited only in the MPJ transverse plane during the middle and later periods of UGT (p = 0.04–0.026). Frontal plane MPJ-ankle coordination under AS during stimulus delay significantly decreased from 177.16 ± 27.41° to 157.75 ± 32.54° compared with under NAS (p = 0.026); however, the coordination pattern had not changed. Moreover, no significant difference was found in the coupling angle variability between NAS and AS in three planes during sub-phases of UGT (all p > 0.5). Conclusions: The detailed intrinsic characteristic of AS induced acute changes in lower extremity segment coordination in patients with mild flatfoot has been recorded. This dataset on foot-ankle coordination characteristics during UGT is essential for explaining foot function and injury prediction concerning AS manipulation. Further studies are expected to reflect lower limb inter-joint coordination during gait termination through the long-term effects of AS orthoses.
44
Lotte, Rodolfo, Norbert Haala, Mateusz Karpina, Luiz Aragão, and Yosio Shimabukuro. "3D Façade Labeling over Complex Scenarios: A Case Study Using Convolutional Neural Network and Structure-From-Motion." Remote Sensing 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2018): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10091435.
Full textAbstract:
Urban environments are regions in which spectral variability and spatial variability are extremely high, with a huge range of shapes and sizes, and they also demand high resolution images for applications involving their study. Due to the fact that these environments can grow even more over time, applications related to their monitoring tend to turn to autonomous intelligent systems, which together with remote sensing data could help or even predict daily life situations. The task of mapping cities by autonomous operators was usually carried out by aerial optical images due to its scale and resolution; however new scientific questions have arisen, and this has led research into a new era of highly-detailed data extraction. For many years, using artificial neural models to solve complex problems such as automatic image classification was commonplace, owing much of their popularity to their ability to adapt to complex situations without needing human intervention. In spite of that, their popularity declined in the mid-2000s, mostly due to the complex and time-consuming nature of their methods and workflows. However, newer neural network architectures have brought back the interest in their application for autonomous classifiers, especially for image classification purposes. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been a trend for pixel-wise image segmentation, showing flexibility when detecting and classifying any kind of object, even in situations where humans failed to perceive differences, such as in city scenarios. In this paper, we aim to explore and experiment with state-of-the-art technologies to semantically label 3D urban models over complex scenarios. To achieve these goals, we split the problem into two main processing lines: first, how to correctly label the façade features in the 2D domain, where a supervised CNN is used to segment ground-based façade images into six feature classes, roof, window, wall, door, balcony and shop; second, a Structure-from-Motion (SfM) and Multi-View-Stereo (MVS) workflow is used to extract the geometry of the façade, wherein the segmented images in the previous stage are then used to label the generated mesh by a “reverse” ray-tracing technique. This paper demonstrates that the proposed methodology is robust in complex scenarios. The façade feature inferences have reached up to 93% accuracy over most of the datasets used. Although it still presents some deficiencies in unknown architectural styles and needs some improvements to be made regarding 3D-labeling, we present a consistent and simple methodology to handle the problem.
45
Xiong, Lin, Guoquan Wang, Yan Bao, Xin Zhou, Kuan Wang, Hanlin Liu, Xiaohan Sun, and Ruibin Zhao. "A Rapid Terrestrial Laser Scanning Method for Coastal Erosion Studies: A Case Study at Freeport, Texas, USA." Sensors 19, no. 15 (July 24, 2019): 3252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153252.
Full textAbstract:
Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has become a powerful data acquisition technique for high-resolution high-accuracy topographic and morphological studies. Conventional static TLS surveys require setting up numerous reflectors (tie points) in the field for point clouds registration and georeferencing. To reduce surveying time and simplify field operational tasks, we have developed a rapid TLS surveying method that requires only one reflector in the field. The method allows direct georeferencing of point clouds from individual scans to an East–North–Height (ENH) coordinate system tied to a stable geodetic reference frame. TLS datasets collected at a segment of the beach–dune–wetland area in Freeport, Texas, USA are used to evaluate the performance of the rapid surveying method by comparing with kinematic GPS measurements. The rapid surveying method uses two GPS units mounted on the scanner and a reflector for calculating the northing angle of the scanner’s own coordinate system (SOCS). The Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) is recommended for GPS data processing. According to this study, OPUS Rapid-Static (OPUS-RS) solutions retain 1–2 cm root mean square (RMS) accuracy in the horizontal directions and 2–3 cm accuracy in the vertical direction for static observational sessions of approximately 30 min in the coastal region of Texas, USA. The rapid TLS surveys can achieve an elevation accuracy (RMS) of approximately 3–5 cm for georeferenced points and 2–3 cm for digital elevation models (DEMs). The elevation errors superimposed into the TLS surveying points roughly fit a normal distribution. The proposed TLS surveying method is particularly useful for morphological mapping over time in coastal regions, where strong wind and soft sand prohibit reflectors from remaining strictly stable for a long period. The theories and results presented in this paper are beneficial to researchers who frequently utilize TLS datasets in their research, but do not have opportunities to be involved in field data acquisition.
46
Abdalla-Ribeiro, Helizabet, Marina Miyuki Maekawa, Raquel Ferreira Lima, Ana Luisa Alencar de Nicola, Francisco Cesar Martins Rodrigues, and Paulo Ayroza Ribeiro. "Intestinal endometriotic nodules with a length greater than 2.25 cm and affecting more than 27% of the circumference are more likely to undergo segmental resection, rather than linear nodulectomy." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): e0247654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247654.
Full textAbstract:
Study objective To analyze the efficacy of intestinal ultrasonography with bowel preparation (TVUSBP) for endometriosis mapping in evaluating intestinal endometriosis to choose the surgical technique (segmental resection or linear nodulectomy) for treatment. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting University Hospital—Center for Advanced Endoscopic Gynecologic Surgery from April 2010 to November 2014. Patient(s) One hundred and eleven women with clinically suspected endometriosis and intestinal endometriotic nodule or intestinal adherence in TVUSBP for endometriosis mapping. Intervention(s) All patients with suspected endometriosis underwent TVUSBP for endometriosis mapping prior to videolaparoscopy for complete excision of endometriosis foci, including intestinal foci, using the linear nodulectomy or segmental resection techniques, depending on the characteristics of the intestinal lesion with confirmation of endometriosis on anatomopathological examination. Measurements and main results Preoperative ultrasonographic assessment of the length of the intestinal nodule, circumference of the intestinal loop affected by the endometriotic lesion, distance from the anal verge and intestinal wall layers infiltrated by endometriosis, as well as other endometriosis sites. Of the 111 patients who participated in the study, 63 (56.7%) presented intestinal endometriotic nodules in ultrasonography, performed by a single examiner (A.L.A.N.), and underwent intestinal surgical treatment of deep endometriosis—linear nodulectomy or segmental resection. The analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that a longitudinal length of the intestinal nodule of 2.25 cm and a loop circumference of 27% are cutoff points separating linear nodulectomy from segmental resection techniques for excising intestinal endometriosis. The information obtained by TVUSBP helps the surgeon and patient, in the preoperative period, to select the surgical technique to be performed for resection of intestinal endometriosis and plan the surgical procedure while taking into account postoperative morbidity.
47
Putta, Tharani, Reetu Amrita John, Anu Eapen, Anuradha Chandramohan, Betty Simon, Manbha L. Rymbai, and Philip Joseph. "Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Arterial Supply to Segment 4 of the Liver." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 8 (August 24, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcis.jcis_24_18.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: In a setting of living-donor liver transplant and patients undergoing extended hepatic resections for both primary and metastatic liver tumors, preoperative assessment of hepatic arterial anatomy is very important because of the risk of ischemic complications in the event of inadvertent injury to the arterial supply. Anatomical variations in hepatic arterial supply to the liver are very common and seen in nearly half the population. Identifying anomalous origin of segment 4 hepatic artery is vital since this vessel can cross the transection plane and can result in liver ischemia and liver failure. The purpose of our study is to study the variations in hepatic arterial anatomy to segment 4 of the liver in the Indian population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective evaluation of 637 consecutive computed tomography (CT) angiograms over a period of 1 year was performed, and we analyzed the arterial supply to segment 4 of the liver. Results: We found that the arterial supply to segment 4 of the liver originated from left hepatic artery (LHA) in majority of cases, 76.3%. LHA along with the accessory LHA supplied this segment in 6.4%, whereas the accessory LHA solely supplied this segment in 0.4%. The right hepatic artery (RHA) was seen to supply this segment in 10.2%. Dual supply with branches from the RHA and LHA was seen in 6.6% of patients. Conclusion: Preoperative mapping of segment 4 hepatic arterial supply using CT angiography will act as a roadmap to surgeons as they attempt to carefully dissect and preserve this segments' arterial supply. Depending on the anatomical variation, surgical techniques will vary to ensure safety of segment 4 arterial supply.
48
Klymenko, Iryna. "Macroareal Markers Of Ritual-Song Traditions Of Galicia And Carpathia." Ethnomusic 18, no. 1 (December 2022): 100–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.33398/2523-4846-2022-18-1-100-126.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines a number of melo-typological features that appeared on the melogeographic maps of Ukraine as factors of the separation of the southwestern seg- ment of the Ukrainian ethnic territory (UET). This segment is delineated in the article with the conventional name ‹Carpathian-Galician Melomassif› (KGM). The criteria for distinguishing KGM became ritual melodies, the age of which is considered quite respectable – there are indirect evidences of the pre-Christian origin of many types of song compositions (meloforms, defined primarily by their rhythmic patterns and corresponding verse (syllabic) formulas). In fact, their areas, which ap- peared during the mapping of numerous large arrays of songs, are evidence of them – after all, these areas are partially correlated with archaeological cultures of distant times (from the beginning of the 1st millennium AD), so this direction of research can be described by the expression “musical archeology”. About 60,000 recordings of ritual melodies of Ukrainians and neighboring ethnic groups (Belarusians, Poles, Lithuanians) were used to build the maps. 132 maps were published as a separate Atlas (Klymenko, I., Ritual Melodies of the Ukrainians in the Context of the Slavic- Baltic Early Traditional Melomassif: Typology and Geography. Kyiv, 2020. Vol. 2: Atlas. 100 pp. + DVD. https://knmau.com.ua/wp-content/uploads/klymenko-dyser- tatsiya-2.pdf). The zone ‹Galicia + Carpathia› is distinguished as a separate ritual-song space according to two types of parameters: positive (А) and negative (B). These are the following positions: А1 – meloforms with truly “Galician” arrays (individual types of winter songs (with a spondeic base ‹V*44; Р43 43 ›); a macrogroup of spring melodies with a ‹V446› base; Easter (ranciuvalni) songs; birth (christening) songs of various types); A2 – meloforms with arrays that go beyond the boundaries of the zone ‹Galicia + Carpathia›, but in the Galician repertoire they are statistically dominant, so the KGM territory can be considered their core (carols with verse bases ‹V*443›, ‹V553›, shchedrivky-melankuvannia ‹V*442 ›; wedding, spring and harvest with a base ‹V7›; numerous game spring songs of the «character» type and other melo-forms); A3 – meloforms with very large polyethnic arrays, which within the KGM limits have distinctive typological or areal «behavior» (winter songs of the ‹V55,р4› macro- family; wedding macrotype of the ‹V*53› model); A4 – specific techniques of rhythmic and compositional variation, specific to the KGM sector (the technique of adding the syllables; the technique of duplicating small syllabic groups); B – «negative» markers: the absence in Galicia and the Carpathians of certain genres and meloforms characteristic of the neighboring regions – Central and Eastern Podillia and Volyn (Kupalo rites and songs; several forms of wedding songs, in par- ticular, songs of the tirade type). On the other hand, a series of melotypological factors have been established that show the belonging of the KGM zone to the great “cultural continent of the Ukrainian Right Bank” – these are markers of group C (shedrivkas ‹V442 › with an ascending Ionic figure; spring songs with bases ‹V*442 ›, ‹V4332 ›; harvest and wedding songs with the base ‹V7› and other meloforms). 121 In advance, we can say that “separation” factors (markers of groups A and B) look more powerful than integration factors (markers of group C). The “separation” line of the KGM zone in the east passes between the Seret and Zbruch rivers, in the north – along the line below Gorokhiv (Sokal – Radekhiv – Ikva river), in the west and south – almost coincides with the corresponding borders of the UET. The maps also show significant differences within the specified region, which allow the following sectors to be separated in KGM: (a) the mountain part of the Carpathians: their northern slopes and the foothills; (b) southern slopes of the Carpathians (Transcarpathia); (c) the upper Dniester zone; (d) sector of the right bank of the Dniester (to the watershed with the Western Bug and Prypiat basins). Keywords: musical folklore of Ukrainians, Carpathians, Galicia, ritual melodies, modeling of musical forms, melotypology, morphology, mapping, arrays of ancient cultures, musical archeology.
49
Lemenkova, Polina. "Mapping Submarine Geomorphology of the Philippine and Mariana Trenches By an Automated Approach Using GMT Scripts." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 76, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0039.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper presents a geospatial analysis of two oceanic trenches using a GMT (Generic Mapping Tools) cartographic method that exploits the scripting approach to visualisation of their geometric shapes. To this end, the research applies the high-resolution datasets GEBCO and ETOPO1 and ETOPO5 for modelling of the submarine relief. This allows taking into account the 2D and 3D shape deviations in the geomorphology of the two selected segments of the trenches by transecting a series of the cross-section profiles. A scripting algorithm of spatial data processing based on the GMT techniques visualised the topography of the submarine objects in 2D and 3D forms and extracted the topographic data from raster grids for statistical analysis of depth using the cross-section transect profiles of both trenches. The bathymetry of the Mariana Trench was evaluated in the southern segment located near the Challenger Deep area, southwest of Guam Island, in comparison with the segment of the Philippine Trench, which was transected in the surroundings of Mindanao Island. The study presented a comparative submarine geomorphic modelling and spatial analysis of the Philippine Sea basin area. The bathymetric analysis of the relief in the Mariana and Philippine trenches showed effective performance of the GMT scripting toolset in advanced cartographic data analysis and visualisation.
50
Abdi-Sargezeh, Bahman, Antonio Valentin, Gonzalo Alarcon, David Martin-Lopez, and Saeid Sanei. "Higher-order tensor decomposition based scalp-to-intracranial EEG projection for detection of interictal epileptiform discharges." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 066039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac3cc4.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) occur between two seizures onsets. IEDs are mainly captured by intracranial recordings and are often invisible over the scalp. This study proposes a model based on tensor factorization to map the time-frequency (TF) features of scalp EEG (sEEG) to the TF features of intracranial EEG (iEEG) in order to detect IEDs from over the scalp with high sensitivity. Approach. Continuous wavelet transform is employed to extract the TF features. Time, frequency, and channel modes of IED segments from iEEG recordings are concatenated into a four-way tensor. Tucker and CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition techniques are employed to decompose the tensor into temporal, spectral, spatial, and segmental factors. Finally, TF features of both IED and non-IED segments from scalp recordings are projected onto the temporal components for classification. Main results. The model performance is obtained in two different approaches: within- and between-subject classification approaches. Our proposed method is compared with four other methods, namely a tensor-based spatial component analysis method, TF-based method, linear regression mapping model, and asymmetric–symmetric autoencoder mapping model followed by convolutional neural networks. Our proposed method outperforms all these methods in both within- and between-subject classification approaches by respectively achieving 84.2% and 72.6% accuracy values. Significance. The findings show that mapping sEEG to iEEG improves the performance of the scalp-based IED detection model. Furthermore, the tensor-based mapping model outperforms the autoencoder- and regression-based mapping models.