Journal articles on the topic 'Seed coatings'
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1
Afzal, Irfan, Talha Javed, Masoume Amirkhani, and Alan G. Taylor. "Modern Seed Technology: Seed Coating Delivery Systems for Enhancing Seed and Crop Performance." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110526.
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The objective of modern seed-coating technology is to uniformly apply a wide range of active components (ingredients) onto crop seeds at desired dosages so as to facilitate sowing and enhance crop performance. There are three major types of seed treating/coating equipment: dry powder applicator, rotary pan, and pelleting pan with the provisions to apply dry powders, liquids, or a combination of both. Additional terms for coatings produced from these types of equipment include dry coating, seed dressing, film coating, encrustments, and seed pelleting. The seed weight increases for these different coating methods ranges from <0.05% to >5000% (>100,000-fold range). Modern coating technology provides a delivery system for many other materials including biostimulants, nutrients, and plant protectants. This review summarizes seed coating technologies and their potential benefits to enhance seed performance, improve crop establishment, and provide early season pest management for sustainable agricultural systems.
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Amirkhani, Masoume, Hilary S. Mayton, Anil N. Netravali, and Alan G. Taylor. "A Seed Coating Delivery System for Bio-Based Biostimulants to Enhance Plant Growth." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 26, 2019): 5304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195304.
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A novel delivery method for the application of bio-based biostimulants as seed coatings was developed using different sources of liquid and powder forms of vermicompost and soy flour. Micronized vermicompost (MVC) and soy flour (SF) were mixed in different combinations as dry seed coating blends and applied using rotary pan seed coating equipment. The physical properties of coated seeds were measured, and as binder concentration increased, coating strength increased. The rates and percentages of germination of the newly developed coating formulations of SF+MVC did not decrease the germination parameters and were not significantly different than the control. However, the SF, SF with concentrated vermicompost extract, and SF + MVC from dairy manure increased the seedling vigor index by 24, 30, and 39 percent, respectively, compared to the control. Plant biometric parameters and nitrogen uptake per plant were also significantly higher for SF and SF+MVC coated seeds than the control, in a greenhouse environment. This is the first seed coating study to show an enhancement of plant growth with vermicompost, and vermicompost in combination with a plant-based protein that serves as a dry seed coating binder and biostimulant, respectively. Seed coatings developed in this study can serve as a model for development of the delivery systems of seeds for the application of bio-based biostimulants to enhance early plant growth.
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Taylor, A. G., P. S. Allen, M. A. Bennett, K. J. Bradford, J. S. Burris, and M. K. Misra. "Seed enhancements." Seed Science Research 8, no. 2 (June 1998): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004141.
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AbstractSeed enhancements may be defined as post-harvest treatments that improve germination or seedling growth, or facilitate the delivery of seeds and other materials required at the time of sowing. This definition includes three general areas of enhancements: pre-sowing hydration treatments (priming), coating technologies and seed conditioning. Pre-sowing hydration treatments include non-controlled water uptake systems (methods in which water is freely available and not restricted by the environment) and controlled systems (methods that regulate seed moisture content preventing the completion of germination). Three techniques are used for controlled water uptake: priming with solutions or with solid particulate systems or by controlled hydration with water. These priming techniques will be discussed in this paper with reference to methodology, protocol optimization, drying and storage. Coating technologies include pelleting and film coating, and coatings may serve as delivery systems. Seed conditioning equipment upgrades seed quality by physical criteria. Integration of these methods can be performed, and a system is described to upgrade seed quality in Brassica that combines hydration, coating and conditioning. Upgrading is achieved by detecting sinapine leakage from nonviable seeds in a coating material surrounding the seeds. Seed-coat permeability directly influences leakage rate, and seeds of many species have a semipermeable layer. The semipermeable layer restricts solute diffusion through the seed coat, while water movement is not impeded. Opportunities for future seed enhancement research and development are highlighted.
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Amirkhani, Masoume, Anil N. Netravali, Wencheng Huang, and Alan G. Taylor. "Investigation of Soy Protein–based Biostimulant Seed Coating for Broccoli Seedling and Plant Growth Enhancement." HortScience 51, no. 9 (September 2016): 1121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci10913-16.
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This research presents a novel method of using plant-derived protein hydrolysates as seed coating materials. The objective of this study was to develop seed coating formulations using soy flour, a sustainable, inexpensive, and green source, as a biostimulant using broccoli as the model system. A 10% suspension of soy flour was used as the seed treatment binder in all coatings. The solid particulate filler was composed of mixtures of soy flour, cellulose, and diatomaceous earth, together termed as SCD. All SCD components were homogenized in water, then dried and ground to a fine particle size <106 µm. The SCD coatings were applied with rotary pan seed coating equipment at 25% of the seed weight. Increasing the proportion of soy flour increased the seed coating strength and also the time for the coating to disintegrate after soaking in water. As a result, the seed coatings reduced the percentage germination and the germination rate compared with the nontreated control. However, the 10-day-old seedling root and shoot growth showed significant improvement for all SCD coating treatments compared with controls. Plant growth and development was also measured after 30 days in the greenhouse. Fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), leaf area, plant height, leaf development, Soil-Plant Analyses Development (SPAD) index (chlorophyll measurement), and nitrogen (N) per plant were all greater from coatings with 30%, 40%, and 50% soy flour than the noncoated control. Nitrogen, from the soy flour applied in the seed coatings, ranged from 0.024 to 0.073 mg per seed, while the enhanced N per plant ranged from 1.7 to 8.5 mg. The coating treatment with 0.063 mg N per seed resulted in the greatest plant leaf area and highest N content. Nitrogen applied in the seed coating only accounted for 1% to 2% of the enhanced N in the plants, indicating the soy flour acted as a biostimulant rather than a fertilizer.
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Jarecki, Wacław. "Physiological Response of Soybean Plants to Seed Coating and Inoculation under Pot Experiment Conditions." Agronomy 12, no. 5 (April 30, 2022): 1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051095.
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Improved seeds are increasingly being sown in agricultural practice. Such treatments play different roles depending on the substances used. They most often protect seeds and sprouts from abiotic and biotic stresses, but not only. Coating technology is one of the methods of seed improvement, requiring the selection of appropriate components. The purpose of the pot experiment was to test the efficacy of two coatings (C and D) and a commercial inoculant (B) applied to soybean seeds (cultivar Mavka). It was shown that the best option was the combined use of coating and inoculation (C + B or D + B). A significantly higher number of germinated seeds, nodulation, green fodder mass, green fodder protein content, and some physiological parameters of plants were obtained compared to control (A). Applying only the tested coatings (C or D) resulted in the lack of nodulation on roots and slight changes in plant physiological parameters. Sowing seeds with inoculant (B) or control seeds (A) accelerated plant emergence but reduced the number of properly formed sprouts compared to coated seeds. The results confirmed that the tested soybean seed coatings were effective, but in combination with inoculation.
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Richardson, M. D., and K. W. Hignight. "Seedling Emergence of Tall Fescue and Kentucky Bluegrass, as Affected by Two Seed Coating Techniques." HortTechnology 20, no. 2 (April 2010): 415–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.20.2.415.
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Seed coating has been effectively used in the agricultural and horticultural industries for over 100 years. Recently, several turfgrass seed companies have been applying seed coating technologies to commercial seed lines, but there have been limited studies that have demonstrated a positive benefit of seed coating to turfgrass seed. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of two commercially available seed coating technologies, including a fungicide/biostimulant coating and a starch-based polymer coating, on tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae) and kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) in three soil types. Coated seeds were obtained from a retail outlet. Non-coated seed samples were developed by removing the coating from the seed just before planting. Neither coating technology had an effect on tall fescue speed of germination or total germination percentage in any of the soil types. Seed coating did have a positive effect on the speed of germination of kentucky bluegrass in a sandy loam soil, but did not improve the speed of germination or percentage emergence in the other soil types. These results support earlier findings that seed coating has minimal effects on establishment of turfgrass species. However, these coatings may provide benefits when attempting to establish turfgrasses in less than ideal conditions.
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Korbecka-Glinka, Grażyna K., Maria Wiśniewska-Wrona, and Ewa Kopania. "The use of natural polymers for treatments enhancing sowing material." Polimery 66, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2021.1.2.
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Biopolymers from a group of polysaccharides are used in treatments enhancing sowing material of crops due to their physical and chemical properties, susceptibility to chemical modification, biodegradability and high bioactivity. Natural polymers, such as: chitosan, alginian, celulose, galaktoglucomannans, lignin and gellan gum, can be used as binders in seed coating or carriers of active substances and microorganisms. Moreover, biopolymers contained in the seed coatings and seed dressings can protect germinating seeds from unfavorable influence of environment and pathogens.
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Scott, James M. "Delivering Fertilizers Through Seed Coatings." Journal of Crop Production 1, no. 2 (November 24, 1998): 197–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j144v01n02_08.
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Friuli, Marco, Paola Nitti, Luca Cafuero, Alessia Prete, Muhammad Shajih Zafar, Marta Madaghiele, and Christian Demitri. "Cellulose Acetate and Cardanol Based Seed Coating for Intraspecific Weeding Coupled with Natural Herbicide Spraying." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 28, no. 11 (July 14, 2020): 2893–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-01821-9.
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Abstract Agricultural pesticides can become persistent environmental pollutants and their use is destined to be reduced. Consequently, weed control is shifting to green products and strategies. A combined approach, made of pelargonic acid based herbicide spraying and interspecific competition (i.e. seeding of plants species competing for growth against weeds) could boost the weeding effect. In case of the contemporary seeding and spraying, needed to reduce costs, seed coating is necessary as barrier to herbicide toxic effects but, at the same time, the coating has to be endowed with the right features to allow germination. This work aims to verify the feasibility of using cellulose acetate/cardanol (CA/Card) as seed coating polymer–plasticizer blend and to identify possible relationship between material features and germination rate. For these purposes, untreated and pelargonic acid herbicide treated coated seeds coated through solvent evaporation methods (CA/Card ratios from 0/0 to 100/0) were subjected to germination test. Coatings were characterized through SEM, EDX, media uptake, DSC and mechanical analysis with and without conditioning in seeding conditions. Germination test showed that 70/30 seeds, treated and untreated with herbicide, presented the best germination rate. Germination assays showed that coating presence reduced and slowed (without stopping) seeds germination equally with and without herbicide treatment. Consequently, was possible to conclude that CA/Card coatings allowed germination and presented a barrier effect against herbicide. Thus coating resulted suitable for seed coating in herbicide spraying/interspecific combined applications. No strong correlations were found between material features and germination, but it is plausible to hypothesize that both water absorption and mechanical properties of the coating play an important role and have to be optimized to improve germination rate avoiding difficulty in sprouting. Finally, the study opened a new perspective in the use of cellulose acetate for seed coating from waste sources such as cigarette filters. Graphic Abstract
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Jarecki, Wacław, and Justyna Wietecha. "Effect of seed coating on the yield of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr." Plant, Soil and Environment 67, No. 8 (August 12, 2021): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/246/2021-pse.
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Enhanced seeds, e.g. dressed, encrusted or pelleted seeds, are often sown in agricultural practice. These treatments play a different role depending on the type and chemical composition of the preparation. The aim of the experiment was to compare the effectiveness of three coatings (B – chitosan, C – chitosan + alginate/jojoba oil/E and D – chitosan + alginate/PEG) applied to soybean seeds in comparison to control (A). The study was carried out in three cultivars: Annushka, Mavka and Smuglyanka. The coatings did not differentiate seed yield in 2018 due to favourable weather conditions. The use of coating D in the following years increased seed yield by 0.46 t/ha in 2019 and by 0.51 t/ha in 2020 compared to control. The obtained results allow concluding that coating D was the most effective in soybean cultivation. The field emergence capacity, plant density as well as the SPAD (soil plant analysis development) and LAI (leaf area index) indices were significantly increased compared to control as a result of this coating application. The g<sub>s</sub> index (stomatal leaf conductance) was significantly reduced. The cv. Smuglyanka yields were significantly higher compared to cvs. Mavka and Annushka, by 0.32 t/ha and 0.85 t/ha, respectively. The difference in seed yield between 2018 and 2019 was 0.81 t/ha.
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Li, Eyre, Broad, and Rodriguez. "Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.) Germination Dynamics at Extreme Temperatures." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036040.
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Water and heat stressors during flowering are predominant limitations of dryland sorghum yields across Australia’s north-eastern cropping zone. Crops sown early could flower before seasonal heatwaves, but the seed must uniformly germination and emerge at soil temperatures between approximately 10 to 15 °C. Furthermore, chemical coatings applied to commercial hybrid seed lots effectively protected the developing crop from pest, disease and herbicide damage but the combined influence of low temperatures and seed coatings on germination of hybrid sorghum seed batches is unknown. In this experiment, germination dynamics were modelled for 10 commercial sorghum hybrid-seed lots (with or without seed coating of a.i. thiamethoxam, oxabetrinil and thiram) incubated at continuous temperatures ranging from 9.4 to 46.1 °C. Results also show commercial seed treatments negatively affect final germination proportion especially at sub- and supra-optimal temperatures. Some hybrid-seed lots in current experiment were more sensitive to seed coatings at either sub- or supra-optimal temperatures regardless of seed germination capability (i.e., germination proportion at 25 °C). Seeds took 5 days to reach 50% germination (t50) at 9.4 °C but germinated within 24 h at constant temperatures between 20 and 40 °C. The spread of germination (time between 10 and 90% germination) increased from 0.5 days at 30 °C to 3.8 days at 9.4 °C. Therefore, some hybrid-seedlots are suited to early sowing because they can maintain high germination proportion (>90%) even at soil temperatures (9.4 °C) as long as the seedbed remains moist for a least 12 days. Research continues identify the basis of cold tolerance in some-hybrid seedlots.
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Scott, JM, and GJ Blair. "Phosphorus seed coatings for pasture species. II. Comparison of effectiveness of phosphorus applied as seed coatings, drilled or broadcast, in promoting early growth of phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 3 (1988): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9880447.
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The relative efficiency of phosphorus (P) seed coatings and drilled and broadcast applications of P was investigated in a glasshouse experiment conducted with phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in P-deficient soil. Two P sources (monocalcium phosphate [MCP] and dicalcium phosphate [DCP]) were used at three rates in seed coatings (0, 5 and 10 kg P ha-1) or at six rates each of drilled or broadcast applications (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 kg P ha-1). MCP coatings severely reduced lucerne emergence and hence yield, but had little effect on phalaris emergence. No other fertilizer treatment affected emergence. The height of phalaris plants at 27 days after sowing (d.a.s.) was increased as much by seed coatings containing MCP at 5 kg P ha-1 as by drill or broadcast applications of MCP at 20 kg P ha-1. Plant height of the MCP seed coating treatments was also less variable than the other application methods, suggesting that the coatings provided more uniform access to P. Seed coatings containing DCP at 10 kg P ha-1 increased phalaris plant height more than did drilled or broadcast applications at 40 kg P ha-1, but there was no effect of any DCP treatment on lucerne growth at 27 d.a.s. The relatively large differences observed in plant height between different application methods at 27 d.a.s. diminished over time until, at 57 d.a.s., only small differences were evident. The dry matter yield and P content of both species were increased by increasing rates of MCP, but DCP had little effect at any rate. The reduced differences between the seed coating treatments and the other application methods at harvest may have been due to the limited soil volume of the pots used; further work is necessary in larger soil volumes to determine the significance of the early growth advantage conferred on phalaris by the phosphorus seed coatings, and to find ways of protecting lucerne from soluble P sources during germination.
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Assis, Odilio Benedito Garrido, and Ariane Maria Leoni. "Protein hydrophobic dressing on seeds aiming at the delay of undesirable germination." Scientia Agricola 66, no. 1 (February 2009): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162009000100017.
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Polymer seed-coatings have been largely tested as an alternative method for preventing diseases and have the potential to be used to control undesirable germination and thereby increasing seed storage. Amongst these, the protein-based coatings can be applied with advantage of forming stable biodegradable and hydrophobic films. Due to their chemical structure, protein dressings act as efficient barriers for water uptake, even when seeds are unavoidable exposed to a moist environment. In this work, the effect of hydrophobic dressings was tested on the germination rate of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and broccolis (Brassica oleraceae var italic L.) seeds under laboratorial condition. Zein, natural maize (Zea mays L.) proteins extracted from gluten meal, was used as precursor polymers to form the coatings. Seeds were dressed by direct submersion into a zein/ethanol formulation of zein concentration of 3.0 g L-1, followed by natural air drying. The resultant coating has elevated the hydrophobic feature due to the high content amino acids present in the structure of the zein. For both types of seeds an overall delay in sprouting and germination was observed, with a more accentuated reduction on sugar beet germination percentage after eleven days of measurements. The effect on germination rates is understood as the efficiency of the zein coating to form a physical barrier preventing water permeation into the seeds.
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Qiu, Amirkhani, Mayton, Chen, and Taylor. "Biostimulant Seed Coating Treatments to Improve Cover Crop Germination and Seedling Growth." Agronomy 10, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020154.
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Biostimulant seed coating formulations were investigated in laboratory experiments for their potential to increase maximum germination, germination rate, germination uniformity, and seedling growth of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seeds. Red clover and perennial ryegrass seeds were coated with different combinations of soy flour, diatomaceous earth, micronized vermicompost, and concentrated vermicompost extract. Coated and non-coated seeds of red clover and perennial ryegrass were evaluated for germination and growth after 7 and 10 days, respectively. Red clover seed was maintained at a constant 20 °C with a 16/8 h photoperiod, whereas for perennial ryegrass seed, the germinator was maintained at 15/25 °C, with the same photoperiod as red clover. Coated treatments significantly improved germination rate and uniformity with no reduction in total germination, compared to the non-treated controls in red clover. In contrast, for perennial ryegrass, the total germination percentage of all coated seeds was reduced and displayed a delayed germination rate, compared with the non-treated controls. Shoot length, seedling vigor index, and dry weight of seedlings of coated seed treatments of both crops were significantly higher when compared to controls for both species. In addition to growth metrics, specific surface mechanical properties related to seed coating quality of seeds of both species were evaluated. Increasing the proportion of soy flour as a seed treatment binder in the coating blend increased the integrity and compressive strength of coated seeds, and the time for coatings to disintegrate. These data show that seed coating technologies incorporating nutritional materials and biostimulants can enhance seedling growth and have the potential to facilitate the establishment of cover crops in agriculture and land reclamation.
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Onias, Elny A., Railene H. C. R. Araújo, Thais B. de Queiroga, Albert E. M. de M. Teodosio, Eliane A. Onias, Ana P. N. Ferreira, Marília H. B. S. Rodrigues, Adriana da S. Santos, Ágda M. F. de Oliveira, and Maria L. da S. Medeiros. "Coating Guava Postharvest With the Use of Starch of Tamarind Seed and Pomegranate Seed Oil." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2018): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n1p313.
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The effect of coatings with different concentrations of tamarind seed starch associated with pomegranate seed oil in ‘Paluma’ guava was investigated in the present work. The fruits were harvested from an orchard in the morning, packed in containers previously lined with paper, and transported to a laboratory, where they were selected, washed, sanitized, and separated at random for the application of each treatment. The experiment design used was completely randomized, in the 6 × 6 factorial scheme, six coatings and six evaluation periods, with 3 replicates made up of 2 fruits. The treatments were: T1 (control or reference sample), without coating; T2 (0.24 mL of pomegranate seed oil/mL of coating); T3 (2% tamarind starch); T4 (1% tamarind starch); T5 (2% of tamarind starch); T6 (3% tamarind starch), T4, T5 and T6 were associated with 0.24 mL/mL of the pomegranate seed oil. The treatments were applied under immersion of the fruits in the solutions and then stored in a refrigerated chamber at 10±2 °C and 80±5% RH, and the evaluations were performed at intervals of 3 days to 12 days of storage. Due to the maintenance of the quality of the fruits, and without sufficient material, it was decided to extend storage time until the 21 days. Thus, the analyses were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 21 days with evaluations at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 21 days. The T6 treatment (3% tamarind starch + 0.24 mL/mL pomegranate seed oil) was more efficient regarding luminosity (L*) of the fruits and delaying color development , expressed by the values of C*, also showing the higher retention in the loss of firmness, lower mass loss and lower soluble solids content, suggesting that this treatment possibly inhibited the degradation of polysaccharides, delaying the ripening process of the fruits.
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Lin, Yuebin, Yufu Zhu, and Weiguo Zhu. "The effect of yttrium incorporation on the formation and properties of α-Al2O3 coatings." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0263.
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AbstractThe Al layer with α-Al2O3 seed crystals and the rare earth element Y were deposited directly onto a 316L stainless steel substrate and then oxidized at a temperature as low as 580°C using the double glow plasma technique. The complex Al target material containing 10 wt% α-Al2O3 seed crystals and 10 wt% Y was used in the experiment. The results indicated that the coatings were very dense and uniform. The field emission transmission electron microscopy observation indicated that element Y was discontinuously distributed, which was mainly concentrated at the grain boundary of the coating. After plasma oxidation, Y was oxidized to Y2O3. Under the action of coupled multiple factors (ion bombardment, α-Al2O3 seed crystals, and rare earth element Y), the AlYα oxide coatings contained large amounts of α-Al2O3 crystals. The increase of the Y content improved the adhesive force of the coatings. The corrosion current of the oxide coatings was reduced by three orders of magnitude.
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Skrzypczak, Dawid, Łukasz Jarzembowski, Grzegorz Izydorczyk, Katarzyna Mikula, Viktoria Hoppe, Karolina Anna Mielko, Natalia Pudełko-Malik, Piotr Młynarz, Katarzyna Chojnacka, and Anna Witek-Krowiak. "Hydrogel Alginate Seed Coating as an Innovative Method for Delivering Nutrients at the Early Stages of Plant Growth." Polymers 13, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234233.
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Seed coating containing fertilizer nutrients and plant growth biostimulants is an innovative technique for precision agriculture. Nutrient delivery can also be conducted through multilayer seed coating. For this purpose, sodium alginate with NPK, which was selected in a preliminary selection study, crosslinked with divalent ions (Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II)) as a source of fertilizer micronutrients, was used to produce seed coating. The seeds were additionally coated with a solution containing amino acids derived from high-protein material. Amino acids can be obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of mealworm larvae (Gly 71.2 ± 0.6 mM, Glu 55.8 ± 1.3 mM, Pro 48.8 ± 1.5 mM, Ser 31.4 ± 1.5 mM). The formulations were applied in different doses per 100 g of seeds: 35 mL, 70 mL, 105 mL, and 140 mL. SEM-EDX surface analysis showed that 70 mL of formulation/100 g of seeds formed a continuity of coatings but did not result in a uniform distribution of components on the surface. Extraction tests proved simultaneous low leaching of nutrients into water (max. 10%), showing a slow release pattern. There occurred high bioavailability of fertilizer nutrients (even up to 100%). Pot tests on cucumbers (Cornichon de Paris) confirmed the new method’s effectiveness, yielding a 50% higher fresh sprout weight and four times greater root length than uncoated seeds. Seed coating with hydrogel has a high potential for commercial application, stimulating the early growth of plants and thus leading to higher crop yields.
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Hotta, Maya, James Kennedy, Clement Higginbotham, and Noreen Morris. "Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel ι-Carrageenan Hydrogel Blends for Agricultural Seed Coating Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 679 (October 2014): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.679.81.
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Radical science and innovation in farming is vital to produce the food that the world will need by 2050. To feed an estimated world population of nine billion people in 2050, 70 % to 100 % increase in food production will be required if it continues rising at the current rate. The aim of this project is to develop novel revolutionary super absorbent hydrogel coatings for agricultural use. Hydrogel seed coatings improve the rate of seed germination and emergence and enhance seed survival during critical development periods, especially under less than optimal conditions. Preliminary work withι-carrageenan hydrogel showed a promising results including higher seed germination rates, faster plant emergence, lower water requirement, enhanced root development and potential carrier of nutrients. Two hydrogel blends – agar/ι-carrageenan and xanthan/κ-carrageenan/ι-carrageenan – were synthesised and characterised in this project as potential seed coating materials based on their biodegradable, non-toxic sugar based natural polymers and their excellent water absorbing/holding capability. The newly formulated hydrogels were characterised by swelling studies, rheological measurements and infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the addition of xanthan/κ-carrageenan intoι-carrageenan hydrogel improved the water absorbing capacity from 117.90 % to 139.05 %, the life-span of the hydrogel from 6 hr to 24 hr in excess water and the gel strength from 108.4 Pa to 267.98 Pa. The addition of agar intoι-carrageenan showed an increase in gel strength and a greater improvement in water holding capacity giving 67.33 % water content whileι-carrageenan on its own had only 39.64 % after 72 hr of incubation at 30 °C, which showed higher potential to be used in drought conditions. The ATR-FTIR results proved that the hydrogels were physically cross-linked. A further evaluation such as the germination profile test is required to test the effectiveness of the hydrogel coatings on seeds. It is anticipated that this work will be extended to coating different seed varieties in the future with these newly developed hydrogels.
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Clayton, G. W., K. N. Harker, J. T. O’Donovan, R. E. Blackshaw, L. Dosdall, F. C. Stevenson, E. N. Johnson, and T. Ferguson. "Polymer seed coating of early- and late-fall-seeded herbicide-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 4 (October 1, 2004): 971–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p03-185.
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Polymer seed coatings offer an opportunity to fall seed Brassica napus earlier in October, thus avoiding difficult seeding conditions (wet/frozen soils) common in late October or early November. A multi-year field experiment was conducted at four locations in Alberta, Canada, to investigate the effect of early (mid-October) and late fall (late October-early November) canola seeding with and without a germination-inhibiting polymer seed coat. Yield and yield components were determined in glufosinate (hybrid and open-pollinated), glyphosate (open-pollinated), and imidazolinone (open-pollinated) herbicidetolerant canola cultivars. Early-seeded canola without the polymer coat had a reduced plant density of 58% compared to late-fall-seeded canola. Application of the polymer coat on early-seeded canola increased plant density by 80% compared to uncoated seed. Seed yield and dockage were not affected by seeding date when a polymer seed coating was used. Without the polymer seed coat, canola yield was reduced 42% and dockage increased 6% when seeding occurred in early vs. late fall. Increased pod production from early-fall-seeded uncoated canola compared to other seeding dates could only partially compensate for canola yield. Cultivar interactions generally were not agronomically important. The use of polymer seed coatings with all these herbicide-tolerant cultivars will allow producers to seed earlier in fall, rather than waiting for cooler soil conditions in late fall. Key words: Canola (Brassica napus L.), dormant seeding, polymer seed coating
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Barut, Z. B., and M. I. Çağırgan. "Effect of seed coating on the accuracy of single-seed sowing of sesame under field conditions." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 1 (2006): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04201.
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Sesame seed treatments consisted of 2 different coatings and uncoated seeds. These were tested to determine their effect on accuracy of plant spacing after emergence in single-seed sowing under different field conditions. Seedbed treatments were composed of traditional tillage without crop residue and conservative tillage with wheat stubble. To quantify plant spacing accuracy and emergence uniformity, spacing between plants within a row and plant emergence per day were measured. The measurements were used to calculate the quality of feed index, multiples index, skip index, precision, emergence rate index, mean emergence date and the percentage of emergence. It was concluded that seed treatments had a significant effect on multiples index and skip index of horizontal distribution pattern and emergence rate index, mean emergence date and the emergence percentage. The coating acted negatively on seed germination and led to missing plants and less plant spacing uniformity in the row. The shortest emergence date and maximum percentage of emergence and quality of feed index were obtained with uncoated sesame seeds. The parameters, except emergence rate index, were not affected statistically by tillage treatments. It was found that all seeds emerged in less time on conservation tillage plots with stubble.
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Argyropoulos, John, Paul Popa, Gary Spilman, Debkumar Bhattacharjee, and William Koonce. "Seed oil based polyester polyols for coatings." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 6, no. 4 (February 7, 2009): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-008-9154-0.
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Webb, D. R., C. J. Eckenrode, M. L. Hessney, and A. G. Taylor. "Seed Maggot Control, 1992." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.83a.
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Abstract A hand-pushed ‘V’ belt seeder was used to plant 100 seeds in each treatment row at the Fruit and Vegetable Research Farm near Geneva, N.Y. A 2-4 inch band of meat and bone meal was placed over each row to increase seed maggot oviposition. This bait, when placed in the seed furrow, has reduced stands in bean plantings by up to 50%, so care was taken to avoid mixing with the seed. Each plot consisted of single-row treatments (15 ft), 3 ft apart in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Seeds were treated using conventional slurry methods on 1 Jul, or film coatings on 30 Jun; plots were planted 2 Jul; and damage counts were made 16 Jul. The film coatings were applied by A.G. Taylor (Dept. of Hort. Science, NYS Agric. Expt. Sta., Geneva. N.Y.) by suspending Trigard 75 WP and Captan (2.5 oz form/seed cwt) in a 15% solution of Opadry F (Colorcon Co.) and then spraying the seeds with the suspension. Emerged seedlings in each row were counted and percent damage was calculated using no. damaged plants.
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Alam, Manawwer, and Naser M. Alandis. "Tannic acid-modified fatty amide anticorrosive coatings from Pongamia glabra oil." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 61, no. 4 (May 27, 2014): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2013-1234.
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Purpose – The purpose of this investigation was to develop sustainable resource-based anticorrosive coating material using Pongamia glabra seed oil and tannic acid (TA), as well as to improve the coating properties. Design/methodology/approach – TA-modified fatty amide diol was synthesized by condensation polymerization. First, Pongamia glabra seed oil was converted to fatty amide diol (Pongamia oil fatty amide, PFA) that was further modified by TA with different parts per hundred of resin (10, 15 and 20) to develop a polyether fatty amide (PFA-TA). The confirmation of reaction between TA and PFA was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal behavior of PFA-TA was studied by thermogravimetric analyses. Coatings of several PFA-TA resins were applied to steel (i.e. plain carbon steel) coupons to investigate their physico-mechanical and anticorrosive performance. The corrosion protection performance was observed using AC impedance and polarization tests. Findings – TA-modified fatty amide coatings showed the highest scratch hardness of 2.5 kg, flexibility (1/8 inch) and gloss at 45° was 60-62. Among all compositions, PFA-TA15 showed the best physico-mechanical and anticorrosion performance. Corrosion tests of coated panels were examined in different corrosive media (3.5 wt per cent HCl, 3.5 wt per cent NaOH and 5.0 wt per cent NaCl) using potentiodynamic polarization and AC impedance measurements. PFA-TA may find application as an eco-friendly protective coating, and thermal analyses revealed that it can be safely used up to 300°C. Originality/value – This paper provides the development of protective coatings for steel from non-edible seed oil and TA to utilize sustainable resources.
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Xavier, Priscilla Brites, Henrique Duarte Vieira, and Cynthia Pires Guimarães. "Physiological potential of stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds coated with different materials." Journal of Seed Science 37, no. 2 (June 2015): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v37n2145982.
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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different coatings on the physiological potential of stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds. The treatments were: uncoated seeds; limestone + PVA glue; limestone + sand + PVA glue; limestone + activated carbon + PVA glue; calcium silicate + PVA glue; calcium silicate + sand + PVA glue; calcium silicate + activated carbon + PVA glue. Posteriorly, the seeds were analyzed for water content (WC), maximum diameter (MAD) and minimum diameter (MID), thousand seed weight (TSW), germination test, germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), emergence, emergence speed index (ESI), mean emergence time (MET), shoot and root length, fresh and dry matter of shoot and root. The coating increased the TSW, MAD and MID and decreased its WC. The treatments comprising limestone + PVA glue and limestone + sand + PVA glue increased the germination time, but none of the treatments negatively affected the physiological seed quality. Treatment with calcium silicate + PVA glue was outstanding for germination speed index and fresh and dry matter of shoot and root in the stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande seeds coating.
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Handayani, Isti, and Nazmirafa Effendi. "Color of Karag Crackers with The Addition of Annatto Pigments and Variation of Types of Coatings." Indonesian Journal of Food Technology 1, no. 2 (December 25, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.ijft.2022.1.2.7571.
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Annatto pigment has the potential to be used as a natural dye. The addition of coating material is expected to act as a carrier and binder of annatto seed pigment in karak crackers. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of annatto seed pigment and the type of coating on the color of coral crackers. Pigment coating is carried out using starch and maltodextrin. As a comparison, the pigment is directly added to the cracker dough, and as a control karag cracker is made without the addition of pigment. Coated annatto seed pigment was added as a colorant to the karag cracker dough with various concentrations of 2, 3, and 4%. Using the Munsen color dictionary, the potential of coated pigments as coloring agents was observed by measuring the hue, value, and chroma of the karag crackers. The results showed that the hue of karag crackers with the addition of annatto pigment produced a red color and mostly yellow-orange (YR) while the control (without the addition of pigment) produced a yellow color with a Hue (color) value between 2.5 to 5YR except for starch coating with a concentration of pigment 2% produces a red color. The use of maltodextrin coatings resulted in a lower value (brightness) (4.89) than starch (5.44) and without coatings (5.33), but chroma (color density) was not affected by the type of coating with chroma values ranging from 7.56 up to 8.44. Increasing the concentration of coated annatto pigment by 4% decreased the value of coral crackers, but the addition of both coated and uncoated annatto pigment concentrations was not able to increase chroma.
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Borak, Beata. "Sol-Gel Coatings with Azofoska Fertilizer Deposited onto Pea Seeds." Polymers 14, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 4119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194119.
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Pure silica sol obtained by hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and the same silica sol doped with fertilizer Azofoska were used to cover the surface of pea seeds. The surface state of the coated seeds (layer continuity, thickness, elemental composition) was studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector. Different conditions such as sol mixing method, seed immersion time, effect of diluting the sol with water, and ethanol (EtOH) were studied to obtain thin continuous coatings. The coated seeds were subjected to a germination and growth test to demonstrate that the produced SiO2 coating did not inhibit these processes; moreover, the presence of fertilizer in the coating structure facilitates the development of the seedling. The supply of nutrients directly to the grain’s vicinity contributes to faster germination and development of seedlings. This may give the developing plants an advantage in growth over other undesirable plant species. These activities are in the line with the trends of searching for technologies increasing yields without creating an excessive burden on the natural environment.
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RODRIGUES, LENNIS AFRAIRE, IZABELA CRISTINA DE OLIVEIRA, GRAZIELY ALVES NOGUEIRA, TIAGO ROQUE BENETOLI DA SILVA, ANA CARINA DA SILVA CANDIDO, and CHARLINE ZARATIN ALVES. "COATING SEEDS WITH SILICON ENHANCES THE CORN YIELD OF THE SECOND CROP." Revista Caatinga 32, no. 4 (December 2019): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n405rc.
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ABSTRACT The application of silicon is becoming popular in agriculture as an alternative for integrated crop management, owing to the diverse benefits resulting from the accumulation of silicon in grasses and the resultant resistance conferred in plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the application of silicon, via seed coating and leaf application, influences the production and yield components of maize in the second crop. The experimental design was divided into split plots, in which the plots were composed of phyllosilicate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg-1 of seeds) in the seed coatings and the subplots were composed of foliar applications of potassium silicate (1.0 L ha-1 in pre-dip and 15 days after). We evaluated the plant height, spike insertion height, spike and corncob diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row, the mass of 100 grains, and productivity. The foliar application of potassium silicate had no effect on the yield and yield components of the corn crop. The use of phyllosilicate via seed coating increased the production components and yield of the second corn crop.
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Baxter, Lawford, and Luther Waters. "Effect of a Hydrophilic Polymer Seed Coating on the Field Performance of Sweet Corn and Cowpea." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111, no. 1 (January 1986): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.111.1.31.
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Abstract Four levels (1.1, 2.3, 4.6, and 9.1 g/kg seed) of the hydrophilic polymer Waterlock B100 were used as seed coatings to enhance stand establishment and plant growth of sweet corn (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata) during the spring and summer of 1983 on 2 soil types in Minnesota. The level with the best overall response in 1983 was used in 1984 to observe the response of 4 sweet corn hybrids. The 2.3 and 4.6 g treatment were most beneficial in enhancing stand establishment in sweet corn. At all levels, however, Waterlock B100 had a deleterious effect on cowpea germination and seedling development. One sweet corn hybrid showed a significant positive response to the coating during 1984. This reponse was attributed to a uniform pericarp which allowed an even seed coating.
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D, Tuvshinjargal, Amgalanzul J, and Baatarkhuu D. "Optimize the technology operation of the seed coating equipment." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 26, no. 01 (April 30, 2019): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v26i01.1214.
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It is difficult to be uniformly the spacing between seeds, to adjust sowing norm, adjust the accuracy of allocation and to separate each seed. As crop protection, seed coatings can also be a carrier of fungicides, bactericides, and insecticides that protect the seed and emerging seedling. One of the solutions to these problems is the technology of coating seeds with other materials. In our experimental section, we coated seeds with mixture of wheat dust and mineral fertilizers. We determined the mathematical model and optimum values of ratio of mixture, angle of equipment’s slope, and frequency of rotation.
Үр бүрэх төхөөрөмжийн технологи ажиллагааг оновчлох
Хураангуй: Газар тариалангийн үйлвэрлэлд үр тариа, хүнсний ногооны жижиг үрт таримлыг үрлэх, суулгах ажил ихээхэн бэрхшээлтэй ажлуудын нэг байдаг. Гадаадын хөгжсөн орнууд энэ бэрхшээлийг жижиг үрийн гадуур шим тэжээлийн бодисоор бүрж, хэлбэр хэмжээг нь нэгэн жигд болгох, үрийг хамгаалах болон соёололтыг идэвхжүүлэх, амьдарах чадварыг сайжруулж га-гаас авах ургацын хэмжээг нэмэгдүүлэх замаар шийдэж байна. Тус өгүүлэлд үрэх бүрэх төмөөрөмжийн ашиглалтын параметрүүд болох эргэлтийн давтамж, налуугийн өнцөг болон бүрэх холимогийн харьцааг үрийн гадна талаар бүрхүүл тогтоож үрэлжүүлэх ажиллагаатай уялдуулан судалж, хамаарлын математик загвар болон оновчтой утгуудыг тодорхойллоо.
Түлхүүр үг: Эргэлтийн давтамж, налуугийн өнцөг, холимгийн харьцаа
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Zeng, Defang, Xinrong Luo, and Renjie Tu. "Application of Bioactive Coatings Based on Chitosan for Soybean Seed Protection." International Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry 2012 (May 31, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/104565.
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Soybean seeds suffer attacks of various pests that result in a decreased yield in northeastern China. Until recently, people use pesticides such as insecticides to achieve the goal of controlling pests. Chitosan extracted from deacetylation of chitin is promising candidates as a seed-coating agent to control agrotis ypsilon, soybean pod borer, and soybean aphid effectively. An experimental study on influences of chitosan with different concentrations on pest controlling and soybean growth was made in the paper. Coating based on chitosan was used as a feeding deterrent and for enhancing the germination and quality of soybean seeds. Results indicated that all chitosan coating had a significant effect on antifeeding against pests; with the increasing concentration, antifeedant rate (AR) were increased obviously, especially when in the concentration of 5%, santifeedant rate of agrotis ypsilon, soybean pod borer, and soybean aphid reached 82.89%, 87.24%, and 80.21%, respectively. Also chitosan coating increased seed germination, plant growth, and soybean yield efficiently, especially when, in the concentration of 5%, the yield was increased by about 20% compared with CK. The application of chitosan in soybean seed coated is an appropriate option to control pests replacing high-toxicity pesticides and enhance soybean yield.
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Mawn, M. P., and R. W. Linton. "Cross-Sectional Imaging of Coated Drug Granules." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100135332.
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Coatings on pharmaceutical products serve many purposes such as hiding an unpalatable drug taste, giving increased stability, and providing controlled-release dosage. The analysis of coatings on drug granules has been performed through “bulk” studies, such as dissolution tests, stability tests, and sieve analysis, which provide little direct structural information about the coating. Microstructural information such as coating thickness, uniformity, and porosity is necessary to help optimize processing conditions as well as to predict dissolution behavior and resultant biological activity. A sample preparation method is described which permits successful imaging of granule drug coatings without sampling bias. Information about the coating structure is obtained through morphometric analysis of cross sectioned embedded granules.The granules studied were prepared through a wet granulation process and contain approximately 13% (by weight) drug, 4% corn starch, and 83% sucrose. This inner granule (200-250 μm) was coated (10 μm) with an hydrogenated cotton seed oil in a spray congealing microencapsulating process.
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Kamara, Alpha Yaya, Abebe Menkir, David Chikoye, Reuben Solomon, Abdullahi Ibrahim Tofa, and Lucky O. Omoigui. "Seed Dressing Maize with Imazapyr to Control Striga hermonthica in Farmers’ Fields in the Savannas of Nigeria." Agriculture 10, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10030083.
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Use of small doses of imazapyr and pyrithiobac for seed coatings of imazapyr-resistant maize hybrids (IR-Maize) offers an effective means to control Striga hermonthica. Field trials were conducted in Bauchi and Kano States of Nigeria in 2014 and 2015 under heavy Striga infestation to evaluate the potential effectiveness of herbicide coated hybrids maize on Striga control in farmers’ field. Results showed that herbicide coated seeds reduced number of emerged Striga per m2 and Striga damage symptoms in farmers’ fields in all the locations. In Kano the number of emerged Striga was 4.9 to 7.9 times less in herbicide treated hybrids in comparison with those of the same hybrids planted without herbicide treatment. The Striga-resistant open pollinated variety (OPV) (TZL COMP1 SYN) had 6.7 to 8.0 times more Striga than the treated hybrids. In Bauchi, the number of emerged Striga on the untreated IR-maize hybrids were over four-times higher on the treated IR-maize hybrids than on the untreated hybrids. The Striga-resistant OPV check had four-times more Striga than the treated IR-maize hybrids and twice more than the untreated IR-maize hybrids across the two years. However, the effects of herbicide seed coating on grain yields were not consistent because of strong seasonal effects. The result revealed that coating of imazapyr-resistant hybrid maize seeds with imazapyr was effective in reducing Striga infestation in farmers’ fields. Although herbicide seed coating did not give consistent yield advantages of the hybrids over the untreated checks, a combination of herbicide seed treatment and genetic resistance to Striga would serve as an effective integrated approach that could significantly reduce the parasite seed bank from the soil and prevent production of new seeds. The IR-hybrids and the OPV checks contained Striga resistance/tolerant genes that protected them against drastic yield loss in the Striga infested fields in both Bauchi and Kano.
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Tarwal, N. L., V. M. Khot, N. S. Harale, S. A. Pawar, S. B. Pawar, V. B. Patil, and P. S. Patil. "Spray deposited superhydrophobic ZnO coatings via seed assisted growth." Surface and Coatings Technology 206, no. 6 (December 2011): 1336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.08.050.
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Farias, Barbara V., Tahira Pirzada, Reny Mathew, Tim L. Sit, Charles Opperman, and Saad A. Khan. "Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers as Seed Coatings for Crop Protection." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 7, no. 24 (November 6, 2019): 19848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b05200.
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Godínez-Garrido, Nancy A., Jorge A. Torres-Castillo, Juan G. Ramírez-Pimentel, Jorge Covarrubias-Prieto, Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz, and Cesar L. Aguirre-Mancilla. "Effects on Germination and Plantlet Development of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seeds with Chitosan Coatings." Agronomy 12, no. 3 (March 10, 2022): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12030666.
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In seed technology, the use of biocompatible materials, such as chitosan, has been demonstrated to improve the germination process and establishment of seedlings. This research is focused on the effect of a chitosan coating on the germination and development of sesame and bean plantlets. The seeds were treated with different coating techniques and combinations of chitosan: chitosan solutions at 0.1, 0.5 and 1% were used in film coating, chitosan flakes with particle sizes of 1.19 mm and 0.71 mm were used as a crusted coating, and chitosan flakes with a size of 1.19 mm were used for coating with acrylic resin. Images of the coatings were obtained by means of scanning electron microscopy; the effect on germination, germination speed, vigor index, length and root area of plantlets were also determined. Chitosan treatments increased germination by 26% in bean and 16% in sesame compared with the control; the germination speed index showed an increase of 61% in bean and 58% in sesame. The treatments with chitosan increased the length of the root in bean by 77%, and in sesame four times more, compared with the control treatments. Different forms of chitosan coatings improve germination and seedling establishment; however, the response to the type of coating at a given stage of seedling development will depend on the crop species.
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Roy, Swarup, Wanli Zhang, Deblina Biswas, Rejish Ramakrishnan, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Grapefruit Seed Extract-Added Functional Films and Coating for Active Packaging Applications: A Review." Molecules 28, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020730.
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Recently, consumers have been increasingly inclined towards natural antimicrobials and antioxidants in food processing and packaging. Several bioactive compounds have originated from natural sources, and among them, grapefruit seed extract (GSE) is widely accepted and generally safe to use in food. GSE is a very commonly used antimicrobial in food; lately, it has also been found very effective as a coating material or in edible packaging films. A lot of recent work reports the use of GSE in food packaging applications to ensure food quality and safety; therefore, this work intended to provide an up-to-date review of GSE-based packaging. This review discusses GSE, its extraction methods, and their use in manufacturing food packaging film/coatings. Various physical and functional properties of GSE-added film were also discussed. This review also provides the food preservation application of GSE-incorporated film and coating. Lastly, the opportunities, challenges, and perspectives in the GSE-added packaging film/coating are also debated.
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Ali, Marwa R., Aditya Parmar, Gniewko Niedbała, Tomasz Wojciechowski, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied, Hany G. Abd El-Gawad, Nihal E. Nahhas, Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim, and Mohamed M. El-Mogy. "Improved Shelf-Life and Consumer Acceptance of Fresh-Cut and Fried Potato Strips by an Edible Coating of Garden Cress Seed Mucilage." Foods 10, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071536.
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Coatings that reduce the fat content of fried food are an alternate option to reach both health concerns and consumer demand. Mucilage of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seed extract (MSE) was modified into an edible coating with or without ascorbic acid (AA) to coat fresh-cut potato strips during cold storage (5 °C and 95% RH for 12 days) and subsequent frying. Physical attributes such as color, weight loss, and texture of potato strips coated with MSE solutions with or without AA showed that coatings efficiently delayed browning, reduced weight loss, and maintained the texture during cold storage. Moreover, MSE with AA provided the most favorable results in terms of reduction in oil uptake. In addition, the total microbial count was lower for MSE-coated samples when compared to the control during the cold storage. MSE coating also performed well on sensory attributes, showing no off flavors or color changes. As a result, the edible coating of garden cress mucilage could be a promising application for extending shelf-life and reducing the oil uptake of fresh-cut potato strips.
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Мальцев, М. В. "Application of protective coatings on grain crop seeds." Кормопроизводство, no. 2.2022 (April 25, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25685/krm.2022.2.2022.006.
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Исследования проводились на базе ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий» в 2010–2019 годах. Целью данной статьи является обоснование применения предлагаемой новой конструкции установки для нанесения защитных покрытий на семена сельскохозяйственных культур. Выбор устройств для нанесения покрытий, а также их конструктивно-технологических параметров в первую очередь зависит от предполагаемых задач, решаемых нанесением, месторасположения установки, физико-химических свойств покрытий, объёмов и вида зерна, инвестиционных возможностей для вложения в оборудование, продолжительности хранения зерна, целостности покрытия. Значительное влияние на качество обработки зерна оказывает химический состав покрытия. В настоящее время применяются материалы, в составе которых могут быть использованы вещества, меняющие свои реологические свойства во время эксплуатации оборудования в различных температурных режимах. Прохождение семян через сплошную пространственную плёнку жидкости обеспечивает наиболее эффективное распределение материала покрытия по всей их поверхности. Основным технологическим преимуществом данного конструктивного решения является возможность создания и регулирования параметров течения пространственной завесы материала покрытия, а также регулирование скорости прохождения семян через плёнку жидкости. Обобщены результаты исследований конструкций современных установок. В статье представлено описание конструкции и работы установки для нанесения защитных покрытий на различные виды семян зерновых культур. Материалы статьи могут служить основой для разработки рекомендаций по нанесению покрытий на зерна в условиях зернопроизводящих хозяйств и в других организациях, связанных с обработкой и хранением зерна. The experiment was conducted at the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies in 2010–2019. The aim was to validate new equipment for seed protective coating. To select the most effective coating equipment one must consider its goals, placement, physics and chemistry of coating material, grain type and quantity, costs, grain storage, coating integrity. Chemical composition of coating material directly affects the quality of processed grain. Nowadays such materials are composed of matter changing its rheological properties under various temperature when using the equipment. Seed movement through a spatial liquid film provides the most efficient distribution of the coating material over seed surface. The most important advantage of such technology is control for the parameters of the flow of the coating material, as well as the speed of seed movement through the liquid film. This article reviews modern seed coating equipment and describes its design and performance for various grain crop seeds. The information presented in this paper can be used to improve the technology of grain coating.
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Panjan, Peter, Aljaž Drnovšek, Peter Gselman, Miha Čekada, and Matjaž Panjan. "Review of Growth Defects in Thin Films Prepared by PVD Techniques." Coatings 10, no. 5 (May 3, 2020): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050447.
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The paper summarizes current knowledge of growth defects in physical vapor deposition (PVD) coatings. A detailed historical overview is followed by a description of the types and evolution of growth defects. Growth defects are microscopic imperfections in the coating microstructure. They are most commonly formed by overgrowing of the topographical imperfections (pits, asperities) on the substrate surface or the foreign particles of different origins (dust, debris, flakes). Such foreign particles are not only those that remain on the substrate surface after wet cleaning procedure, but also the ones that are generated during ion etching and deposition processes. Although the origin of seed particles from external pretreatment of substrate is similar to all PVD coatings, the influence of ion etching and deposition techniques is rather different. Therefore, special emphasis is given on the description of the processes that take place during ion etching of substrates and the deposition of coating. The effect of growth defects on the functional properties of PVD coatings is described in the last section. How defects affect the quality of optical coatings, thin layers for semiconductor devices, as well as wear, corrosion, and oxidation resistant coatings is explained. The effect of growth defects on the permeation and wettability of the coatings is also shortly described.
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Su, Li-qiang, Jia-guo Li, Hua Xue, and Xiao-feng Wang. "Super absorbent polymer seed coatings promote seed germination and seedling growth of Caragana korshinskii in drought." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B 18, no. 8 (August 2017): 696–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b1600350.
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Radolinski, Jesse, Junxue Wu, Kang Xia, and Ryan Stewart. "Transport of a neonicotinoid pesticide, thiamethoxam, from artificial seed coatings." Science of The Total Environment 618 (March 2018): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.031.
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Vokoun, David, Ladislav Klimša, Aliaksei Vetushka, Jan Duchoň, Jan Racek, Jan Drahokoupil, Jaromír Kopeček, Yo-Shane Yu, Narmatha Koothan, and Chi-Chung Kei. "Al2O3 and Pt Atomic Layer Deposition for Surface Modification of NiTi Shape Memory Films." Coatings 10, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080746.
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Pt coatings on NiTi film micro-actuators and/or sensors can add some useful properties, e.g., they may improve the NiTi anticorrosion and thermomechanical characteristics or activate surface properties beneficial for a specific application (e.g., functionalized surfaces for biomedical applications). Pt coatings prepared via atomic layer deposition (ALD) may help reduce cost due to the nanometric thickness. However, no authors have reported preparation of Pt ALD coatings on NiTi films, perhaps due to the challenge of the concurrent NiTi film oxidation during the Pt ALD process. In the present study, Al2O3 and Pt ALD coatings were applied to NiTi thin films. The ALD coating properties were studied using electron and atomic force microscopies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Potential structural changes of NiTi due to the ALD process were evaluated using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The presented ALD process resulted in well-controllable preparation of Pt nanoparticles on ultrathin Al2O3 seed layer and a change of the transformation temperatures of the NiTi films.
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Alam, Manawwer, Naser M. Alandis, Naushad Ahmad, Mohammad Asif Alam, and Eram Sharmin. "Jatropha seed oil derived poly(esteramide-urethane)/ fumed silica nanocomposite coatings for corrosion protection." Open Chemistry 17, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0022.
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AbstractJatropha oil [JO] based poly (esteramide-urethane) coatings embedded with fumed silica nanoparticles were prepared. JO was converted to N,N-bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) JO fatty amide (HEJA) and was further modified by a tetrafunctional carboxylic acid(trans 1,2 diaminocyclo-hexane-N,N,N’,N’,-tetraacetic acid) to form poly (diamino cyclohexane esteramide) (PDCEA). PDCEA was then treated with toluene 2,4-diisocynate and fumed silica to prepare poly(diamino cyclohexane urethane esteramide) (PUDCEA) nanocomposite. The formation of PDCEA and PUDCEA nanocomposites was confirmed by FTIR, 1H &13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The thermal behavior and morphology of PUDCEA nanocomposite coatings were investigated by TGA/DTG, DSC, SEM, EDX spectroscopy. PUDCEA nanocomposites were applied on carbon steel and their coatings were produced at room temperature. The properties of these nanocomposite coatings were investigated by standard analytical methods. The PUDCEA-3 nanocomposite showed good anticorrosion and physico-mechanical performance. These naocomposite coatings can be employed safely upto 200oC.
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Panjan, Drnovšek, Gselman, Čekada, Panjan, Bončina, and Merl. "Influence of Growth Defects on the Corrosion Resistance of Sputter-Deposited TiAlN Hard Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 8 (August 12, 2019): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9080511.
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In this work, the causes of porosity of TiAlN hard coatings sputter deposited on D2 tool steel were studied since its corrosion resistance is mainly affected by imperfections within the coating (e.g., pinholes, pores, crevices). The corrosion test was performed in a chlorine solution using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The coating morphology of growth defects before and after the exposure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while focused ion beam (FIB) was used to make series of cross-sections through individual selected defects. We confirm that pitting corrosion is closely related to the through-thickness growth defects. It was also found that in the case of nodular defects, the intensity of corrosion depends on the shape of the seed.
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Biba, Renata, Dajana Matić, Daniel Mark Lyons, Petra Peharec Štefanić, Petra Cvjetko, Mirta Tkalec, Dubravko Pavoković, Ilse Letofsky-Papst, and Biljana Balen. "Coating-Dependent Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Tobacco Seed Germination and Early Growth." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 3441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103441.
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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in a wide range of consumer products because of their excellent antimicrobial properties. AgNPs released into the environment are prone to transformations such as aggregation, oxidation, or dissolution so they are often stabilised by coatings that affect their physico-chemical properties and change their effect on living organisms. In this study we investigated the stability of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coated AgNPs in an exposure medium, as well as their effect on tobacco germination and early growth. AgNP-CTAB was found to be more stable in the solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium compared to AgNP-PVP. The uptake and accumulation of silver in seedlings was equally efficient after exposure to both types of AgNPs. However, AgNP-PVP induced only mild toxicity on seedlings growth, while AgNP-CTAB caused severe negative effects on all parameters, even compared to AgNO3. Moreover, CTAB coating itself exerted negative effects on growth. Cysteine addition generally alleviated AgNP-PVP-induced negative effects, while it failed to improve germination and growth parameters after exposure to AgNP-CTAB. These results suggest that the toxic effects of AgNP-PVP are mainly a consequence of release of Ag+ ions, while phytotoxicity of AgNP-CTAB can rather be ascribed to surface coating itself.
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Breukink, J. W. "TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN SEED AND COATINGS - NOW AND IN THE FUTURE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 187 (May 1986): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.187.7.
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Peña, Aránzazu, Antonia Gálvez, José Antonio Rodríguez-Liébana, Concepción Jiménez de Cisneros, Alberto López Galindo, César Viseras, and Emilia Caballero. "Adsorption of nutrients on natural Spanish clays for enriching seed coatings." Adsorption 23, no. 6 (June 20, 2017): 821–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10450-017-9897-y.
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Smalling, Kelly L., Michelle L. Hladik, Corey J. Sanders, and Kathryn M. Kuivila. "Leaching and sorption of neonicotinoid insecticides and fungicides from seed coatings." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B 53, no. 3 (December 29, 2017): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2017.1405619.
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Ziani, Khalid, Beatriz Ursúa, and Juan I. Maté. "Application of bioactive coatings based on chitosan for artichoke seed protection." Crop Protection 29, no. 8 (August 2010): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.03.002.
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Amara, Nehed, Aubry Martin, Audrey Potdevin, François Réveret, David Riassetto, Geneviève Chadeyron, and Michel Langlet. "Nanostructuration of YAG:Ce Coatings by ZnO Nanowires: A Smart Way to Enhance Light Extraction Efficiency." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 2568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152568.
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In this study, we report on the enhancement of the light extraction efficiency of sol–gel-derived Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce) coatings using ZnO nanowire (NW) arrays. The ZnO NWs were grown by hydrothermal synthesis from a ZnO seed layer directly deposited on a YAG:Ce coating. Highly dense and vertically aligned ZnO NW arrays were evidenced on the top of the YAG:Ce coating by electron microscopy. A photoluminescence study showed that this original design leads to a different angular distribution of light together with an increase in emission efficiency of the YAG:Ce coating upon blue excitation, up to 60% more efficient compared to a non-structured YAG:Ce coating (without NWs). These improvements are ascribed to multi-scattering events for photons within the structure, allowing them to escape from the phosphor layer by taking optical paths different from those of the non-structured coating. This strategy of light extraction enhancement appears to be very promising, since it uses soft chemical processes and cheap ZnO NWs and is applicable to any sol–gel-derived luminescent coating.