Journal articles: 'Seed addition'

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Bochenková, M., P. Karlík, M. Hejcman, and P. Jiras. "Does seed modification and nitrogen addition affect seed germination of Pulsatilla grandis?" Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 48, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sab-2017-0029.

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Abstract Pulsatilla grandis is an endangered species in the Czech Republic and is protected in whole Europe because the number of its populations is declining. One of the possible causes is the deposition of atmospheric nitrogen. In our research, we investigated how nitrogen concentrations and seed appendage removal directly affect the species’ seed germination.Seeds were allowed to germinate under laboratory conditions in water solutions of NH4NO3 ranging in concentration from 0 to 4239 mg N l-1. They were able to germinate up to the concentration of 848 mg N l-1 even when covered with mycelium, which supports the idea that they can tolerate being strongly infected by fungi. We also found a significant positive effect of seed appendage removal on seed germination. Seeds without appendages germinated, on the average, with 11% greater probability, compared to seeds with appendages. We conclude that the germination of P. grandis is not directly affected by high N concentrations in rain water, which can range from 10 to 13 mg N l-1 near large cities. Surprisingly, low concentrations of N (up to 34 mg N l-1) might even slightly support the seed germination of P. grandis. The negative effect of N deposition on seeds is indirect and acts in conjunction with the absence of management at localities.

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Pascual, B., A. San Bautista, N. Pascual Seva, R. García Molina, S. López-Galarza, and J. V. Maroto. "Effects of soaking period and gibberellic acid addition on caper seed germination." Seed Science and Technology 37, no. 1 (April 1, 2009): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2009.37.1.05.

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Whelan, E. D. P. "Transmission of an alien telocentric addition chromosome in common wheat that confers blue seed color." Genome 32, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-406.

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Phenotypic markers of chromosomes are useful for determining chromosome behavior in cytogenetic studies. Transmission of an alien, telocentric addition from Agropyron tricophorum (Link) Richt. that confers purple aleurone pigment and blue seed color was evaluated in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Twenty-five of 2570 seeds from bagged heads of eight ditelocentric-addition sister plants were almost white rather than blue. Seven of these 25 seeds and 4 of 336 blue seeds segregated 41.4%:58.6% blue:white. Meiotic analyses showed that all plants grown from these 11 seeds were spontaneously produced monotelocentric additions. Transmission of the alien telocentric chromosome through the egg and the pollen was estimated to be 19.5 and 14.3%, respectively, based on BC1F1 seed color. About 28% of F2 and F3 seeds were blue; of these 7.4% were ditelocentric additions. The frequency of blue seed in F2 progeny from spontaneous monotelocentric additions (41.4%) was significantly greater than that of monotelocentric additions from controlled crosses (28%). Penetrance of the blue seed color gene(s) associated with the alien telocentric chromosome was good. Misclassification of seed color for 1595 BC1F1 seeds was less than 3% based on BC1F2 progeny.Key words: Agropyron tricophorum.

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Jang, Sungho, Junsoo Lee, and Won-Seok Choi. "Oxidative Stability of Grape Seed Oil by Addition of Grape Seed Extract." Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 44, no. 12 (December 31, 2015): 1813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.12.1813.

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Demari, Gustavo H., Vinícius J. Szareski, Ivan R. Carvalho, Tuane A. da Silva, Vânia M. Gehling, Danielli Olsen, Tamires S. Martins, et al. "Storage of Soybean Seeds and Addition of Insecticide and Micronutrients." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2018): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n1p553.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects on the physiological attributes of soybean seeds submitted to the seed treatment with addition of insecticide, polymers and micronutrients throughout the storage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme, with four seed treatments per two seasons of storage of the seeds. The analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction among seed treatments and storage times for both cultivars at 5% of probability, referring to the characteristics of shoot length (SL), primary root length (RL), shoot dry mass (SDM) and dry mass of the primary root (RDM) for the cultivar Fundacep 37 RR. Addition of seed treatments influences the physiological performance of seedlings originated from soybean seeds stored for 240 days. The shoot and primary root lenghts, and shoot dry mass express the isoenzyme esterase through the aerial part and primary root of the seedling, the malate dehydrogenase is expressed in the primary root while in the peroxidase it is evident in the shoot of the seedlings.

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Alp, Hayriye. "Flax Seed." Gastroenterology Pancreatology and Hepatobilary Disorders 5, no. 5 (September 10, 2021): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2641-5194/045.

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Flax sed also known as flax oil and linseed oil, is derived from the seeds of the plant Linium usitatissimum. Flax seed oil is a very rich source of alpha-linolenic acid. Alpha-linolenic acid concentration in flaxseed oil ranges from approximately 40 to 60%.lower amounts of linoleic acid and oleic acid (each about 15%) are also present in flaxseed oil.ın addition, flaxseed contains varying amounts of the lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG).

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Barboza da Silva, Clíssia, Julio Marcos-Filho, Pablo Jourdan, and Mark A. Bennett. "Performance of Bell Pepper Seeds in Response to Drum Priming with Addition of 24-Epibrassinolide." HortScience 50, no. 6 (June 2015): 873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.6.873.

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Drum priming systems are among the most common methods of seed priming for commercial treatment. The supply of water to the seeds is controlled by physical means, and seeds are able to reach a desired moisture content without the use of osmotic solutions for hydration control. The brassinosteroid (BR), 24-epibrassinolide (24-EpiBL), has been shown previously to have a significant effect on seed performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the feasibility of drum priming associated with added 24-EpiBL on enhancement of bell pepper seed performance. Two bell pepper cultivars (AF-6 and AF-7) were tested, and each cultivar represented, respectively, by three and four seed lots with different initial physiological potentials. Seed performance was determined by evaluating standard germination, initial seedling growth, and changes on the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX). Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®) was used to assess the initial seedling growth. The nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique was used to evaluate possible changes in the enzymatic antioxidant system. Several advantages were verified in the drum priming technique with added 24-EpiBL compared with the traditional procedure (water alone). Germination time was reduced followed by a seedling growth increase. Concomitantly, seed enzymatic activity was improved. However, results showed different response for each enzyme. Drum priming with 24-EpiBL demonstrates viability for commercial treatment and enhancement of bell pepper seeds.

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Clark, Poulsen, Levey, and Osenberg. "Are Plant Populations Seed Limited? A Critique and Meta-Analysis of Seed Addition Experiments." American Naturalist 170, no. 1 (2007): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4541065.

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Clark, C. J., J. R. Poulsen, D. J. Levey, and C. W. Osenberg. "Are Plant Populations Seed Limited? A Critique and Meta‐Analysis of Seed Addition Experiments." American Naturalist 170, no. 1 (July 2007): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/518565.

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Sims, Lee, John Pastor, Tali Lee, and Brad Dewey. "Nitrogen, phosphorus, and light effects on reproduction and fitness of wild rice." Botany 90, no. 9 (September 2012): 876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b2012-057.

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Plant fitness is typically correlated with total seed biomass or the number of seeds produced per plant, but the connection from seed production to seedlings the following year is seldom made. Seedling production in grasses, including wild rice ( Zizania palustris L.) is determined by the number of inflorescences produced, the number of seeds per inflorescence, the mean mass per seed, proportion of seeds that are filled, predation on seeds, and germination rates. Previous studies have shown that wild rice biomass production is limited primarily by nitrogen and secondarily by phosphorus and light. To test how nitrogen, phosphorus, and light modulate plant fitness, we evaluated the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and light on the above parameters. Nitrogen addition increased number of inflorescences, seeds per inflorescence, and mean seed mass, resulting in more seedlings produced, hence greater fitness, despite increased rice worm predation and lower germination rates of seeds compared to seeds from plants grown without nitrogen addition. Phosphorus additions and full sunlight also increased the number of seedlings per plant, mainly after nitrogen was added. Therefore, the maternal environment not only affects seed production but the number of seedlings that emerge the following year, especially with respect to nitrogen.

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Zhong, Mingxing, Yuan Miao, Shijie Han, and Dong Wang. "Nitrogen addition decreases seed germination in a temperate steppe." Ecology and Evolution 9, no. 15 (July 9, 2019): 8441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5151.

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Sayed-Ahmad, Bouchra, Evita Straumīte, Mārtiņš Šabovics, Zanda Krūma, Othmane Merah, Zeinab Saad, Akram Hijazi, and Thierry Talou. "Effect of Addition of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) on the Quality of Protein Bread." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 71, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2017-0088.

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Abstract Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) is an aromatic plant belonging to Apiaceae family widely cultivated elsewhere for its strongly flavoured leaves and seeds. Fennel seeds are of particular interest as a rich source of both vegetable and essential oils with high amounts of valuable components. However, residual cakes after oil extraction were typically considered as byproducts, in the present framework, the potential added value of these cakes was studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of addition of fennel cake and seeds to protein bread quality. In the current research, a single-screw extruder, which is a solvent-free technique, was used for fennel seed oil extraction. For the protein bread making, fennel seed and cake flour in concentrations from 1 to 6% were used. Moisture, colour L*a*b*, hardness, total phenolic concentration, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and nutritional value of protein bread were determined. The addition of fennel cake and seeds had significant (p < 0.05) effect on bread crumb colour and hardness attribute, whereby the bread became darker and harder in texture than the control. Moreover, higher antioxidant activity and total phenolic concentration were observed for both protein breads enriched with fennel cake and seed flour. The overall results showed that addition of fennel cake and seed had beneficial effects on phenolic concentration, antioxidant activity and quality of protein bread. This result suggests also that added value of fennel seeds oil by-products could be increased by their utilisation in bread production.

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Nuryati, Nuryati, Jaka Darma Jaya, and Norhekmah Norhekmah. "Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable Dari Pati Biji Nangka." Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34128/jtai.v6i1.83.

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Jackfruit seeds have not been widely used or thrown away as a waste. The content of jackfruit seeds in 100 gr contains 36,7 gr of carbohydrates, 4,2 gr of protein, 165 kcal of energy, so that it is used as food. Jackfruit seed starch isvery cheap even can bemade by itself simple. Relatively high starch contant of about 40-50%. The purpose of this research is to make biodegradable plastic from jackfruit seed starch with variation of glycerol addition, to know the result of biodegradable plastic from jackfruit seed starch. Method used in the study : making biodegradable plastic from jackfruit seed starch with variation of glycerol 2 ml, 3 ml dan 4ml. research was conducted by conducting water resistance test , melting poin test and biodegradable test. Results obtained from the research of making a better biodegradable plastic glycerol 2 ml because it can be seen plastik sheets of all smooth, thinner, clearer and transparent surfaces, no bubbles compared to other glycerol variations seen brownish. Water resistance test with the addition of 2 ml glycerol with the highest water endurance 91,67% with water absorption test using hot plate because the sample heating cannot melt perfectly and that can be observed only shrinkage. A biodegradable test 4 ml glycerol addition resulted a reduced percentage of residual weight of plastic increased by 78,57%.

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Pers-Kamczyc, Emilia, and Jan Suszka. "Long-Term Maternal Fertilizer Addition Increased Seed Size but Decreased Germination Capacity and Offspring Performance in Taxus baccata L." Forests 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2022): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050670.

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Plant fitness and species persistence depend on seed quantity and their ability to germinate and produce viable offspring. Although maternal environment can have a great impact on seed quality, few studies are pointing to the transgenerational effect of maternal environment on germination rate and offspring traits. Moreover, global changes connected to nitrogen and phosphorus deposition can also impact plants’ reproductive performance. Here, we collected Taxus baccata L. seeds produced by the same genotype female plants grown in different nutritional regimes. We use them to analyze seed size and the impact of long-term fertilization on germination capacity and offspring traits. Our results show that long-term maternal fertilizer addition increases the ratio of large seeds produced, but at the same time decreases germination capacity compared to control and nonfertilized plants. Moreover, it was demonstrated that maternal environment impacts seed traits and germination rate, and seed mass rather than maternal environment impacts offspring performance. Therefore, the study provides information on how the maternal environment regulates seed traits and germination capacity as well as seedling growth to adapt to increased nitrogen and phosphorus deposition and improves prediction about plants’ response to global environmental changes.

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Pers-Kamczyc, Emilia, and Jan Suszka. "Long-Term Maternal Fertilizer Addition Increased Seed Size but Decreased Germination Capacity and Offspring Performance in Taxus baccata L." Forests 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2022): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050670.

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Plant fitness and species persistence depend on seed quantity and their ability to germinate and produce viable offspring. Although maternal environment can have a great impact on seed quality, few studies are pointing to the transgenerational effect of maternal environment on germination rate and offspring traits. Moreover, global changes connected to nitrogen and phosphorus deposition can also impact plants’ reproductive performance. Here, we collected Taxus baccata L. seeds produced by the same genotype female plants grown in different nutritional regimes. We use them to analyze seed size and the impact of long-term fertilization on germination capacity and offspring traits. Our results show that long-term maternal fertilizer addition increases the ratio of large seeds produced, but at the same time decreases germination capacity compared to control and nonfertilized plants. Moreover, it was demonstrated that maternal environment impacts seed traits and germination rate, and seed mass rather than maternal environment impacts offspring performance. Therefore, the study provides information on how the maternal environment regulates seed traits and germination capacity as well as seedling growth to adapt to increased nitrogen and phosphorus deposition and improves prediction about plants’ response to global environmental changes.

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Dattijo, S. A. "Comparative Efficacy of Jatropha curcas L. Seed Powder for the Control of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) on Stored Bambaranut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt." Nigerian Journal of Entomology 36, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/nje/0202/63.01.21.

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The study was to assess insecticidal effectiveness of Jatropha curcas L. seed powder on Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) infesting stored bambaranut, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt. The experiment was laid out in a factorial design of 4×2 levels (seed powder at the rates of 0.0, 0.5. 1.0 and 1.5 g, with and without addition of the synthetic insecticide at 0.01 g/20 g bambaranut seed) and laid out in a completely randomized design, in three replicates. Results obtained showed lowest oviposition, progeny emergence and seed damage (5.33, 1.58 and 1.83, respectively) in bambaranut seeds admixed with 1.0 g of the seed. Although, statistically similar to all other treatments, it was significantly (P≤0.001) better than the control treatment in which 33.83 eggs were laid and 24.08 adults emerged from 22.92 emergence holes. In addition, at six (6) days after treatment, highest adult mortality rate (99.17%) similar to that (99.17%) obtained in the synthetic insecticide was also recorded in seeds treated with 1.0 g seed powder. However, all other treatments were also significantly better than the control, in which 72.50% of the introduced bruchids died. Comparatively, lowest rate of seed damage (6.68%) and lasting effect was also obtained with the addition 1.0 g seed powder. In conclusion, appreciable level of protection on bambaranut seeds was achieved using seed powder of J. curcas. Therefore, it is recommended that for effective management of C. subinnotatus infesting bambaranut, farmers could use 5 Kg seed powder on 100 Kg bambaranut seeds.

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Foschi, María Laura, Mariano Juan, Bernardo Pascual, and Nuria Pascual-Seva. "Influence of Seed-Covering Layers on Caper Seed Germination." Plants 12, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030439.

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Caper is a perennial shrub that is widespread in the Mediterranean Basin. Although the fruits contain many seeds, they germinate slowly and with very low percentages, due to their nondeep physiological dormancy. The influence of the testa and endosperm, as well as the effect of applying gibberellic acid (GA3) solutions on seed germination to release its dormancy, are reported in this study. The mechanical resistance exerted by the testa and endosperm against radicle protrusion in mature caper seeds was measured. The best germination results were obtained with seeds devoid of testa wetted with water and with intact seeds wetted with a 500 mg L−1 GA3 solution, without statistical differences between them. The GA3 addition triggers an increase in both the content of endogenous gibberellins (GA) and the GA/abscisic acid ratio, increasing germination. Its germination consists of two temporally separated events: testa cracking and endosperm piercing. Testa cracking begins in the hilum-micropillar area; it involves a signal from the embryo, which GA can replace, possibly by increasing the growth potential of the embryo. After testa cracking, the radicle emerges through a hole in the micropylar endosperm. The puncture force necessary to pierce the micropylar endosperm decreased drastically during the first day of imbibition, remaining practically constant until testa cracking, decreasing afterwards, regardless of the addition or not of gibberellins.

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Orth, RJ, KA Moore, SR Marion, DJ Wilcox, and DB Parrish. "Seed addition facilitates eelgrass recovery in a coastal bay system." Marine Ecology Progress Series 448 (February 23, 2012): 177–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps09522.

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Omand, Kelly A., Jennifer M. Karberg, Danielle I. O'Dell, and Karen C. Beattie. "Harrowing and Seed Addition for Sandplain Grassland and Heathland Restoration." Natural Areas Journal 38, no. 5 (October 2018): 356–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/043.038.0505.

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Mitomo, Mamoru, C. M. Wang, Fang Fang Xu, Naoto Hirosaki, and Y. Bando. "Effect of Seed Addition on the Formation of α-SiAlONs." Key Engineering Materials 237 (April 2003): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.237.79.

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MacDougall, Andrew S., and Scott D. Wilson. "HERBIVORY LIMITS RECRUITMENT IN AN OLD-FIELD SEED ADDITION EXPERIMENT." Ecology 88, no. 5 (May 2007): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1836.

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Zamin, Tara J., Alex Jolly, Steve Sinclair, John W. Morgan, and Joslin L. Moore. "Enhancing plant diversity in a novel grassland using seed addition." Journal of Applied Ecology 55, no. 1 (August 21, 2017): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12963.

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Yu, Shujuan, Zhaojie Chen, Hecheng Meng, and Mingshun Chen. "Addition of lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin effectively reduces acrylamide formation." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 3 (December 3, 2019): 1213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10132.

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MIRONEASA, Silvia, Georgiana Gabriela CODINA, and Mircea Adrian OROIAN. "Bread quality characteristics as influenced by the addition of tomato seed flour." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 73, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:12149.

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The aim of this investigation was to incorporate tomato seed into bread in order to improve it quality. Whole ground tomato seed at different levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) was used to replace wheat flour 650 type of a very good quality for bread making to make bread. Bread quality through physical, colour, crumb cell, textural and sensory characteristics were analyzed and compared with those of bread without tomato seed. The substitution of wheat flour with 10% tomato seed has the effect of highest values for loaf volume, porosity and elasticity. Color intensity, expressed as the L*, a*, b* values of breads with tomato seed were lower than those of control bread. The hardness of bread samples increased with the increase level of tomato seed addition. Also, the addition of increasing amounts of tomato seed highlighted large cells in crumb structure of bread. Sensory characteristics showed that bread samples with addition of 5 or 10% tomato seed to wheat flour were similar from of point of view of overall acceptability, but 20% addition resulted in slightly acceptable samples. Principal Component Analysis revealed significant correlations (p < 0.05) between bread physical characteristics, loaf volume, porosity, elasticity and bread overall acceptability at different tomato seed flour addition levels in wheat flour. Overall, tomato seed flour could be incorporated up to levels of 10% into bread to provide its beneficial health effects, not negatively changing its quality.

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Gerber, Yuri, Alexander Gavrilov, Vladimir Omelchuk, and Ekaterina Oshchepkova. "Development of curd product technology with the addition of grape seed oil." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 08006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017508006.

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The article is dedicated to the study of the raw materials in the Republic of Crimea, as well as to the assortment of enriched dairy products and the development of an enriched curd product. The relevance and novelty of this technology lies in the fact that the oil obtained from grape seeds is used as the added component. It has therapeutic properties that have been repeatedly proven. The objectives of the work were to substantiate the production technology of the curd product with the addition of grape seed oil for therapeutic purposes and to develop the technology, which will allow to obtain a product with high nutritional properties, the physicomechanical structure required by the standard, as well as to minimize the loss of beneficial components that make up grape seed oil.

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Syaieba, Mutiara, Iesje Lukistyowati, and Henni Syawal. "DESCRIPTION OF LEUKOCYT OF SIAM PATIN FISH (Pangasius hypophthalmus) THAT FEED BY ADDITION OF HARUMANIS MANGO SEEDS (Mangifera indica L.)." Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 2, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.2.3.235-246.

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Harumanis mango seed (Mangifera indica L.) is a natural ingredient that can be used as an immunostimulant. The phytochemical content in harumanis mango seeds (M. indica L.) include tannins, flavonoids, saponins and ascorbic acid. This study aims to get the best dose of adding harumanis mango seed solution (M. indica L.) to the feed. The method used was an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of one factor with four treatment levels which included P0 without the addition of harumanis mango seed solution, P1 addition of harumanis mango seed solution at a dose of 1.6 mL/Kg of feed, P2 addition harumanis mango seed solution at a dose of 1.8 mL/Kg of feed and P3 addition of harumanis mango seed solution at a dose of 2 mL/Kg of feed. Test fish used were Siamese catfish (P. hypophthalmus) measuring 8-12 cm which were kept in cages for 60 days. The results showed that administration of harumanis mango seed solution to feed affected the image of leukocytes of Siamese catfish (P. hypophthalmus) (P < 0,05). The best dose is in the treatment of P3 (2 mL/Kg of feed) with an average total leukocytes 9.76 x 104 cells/mm3, leukocrit levels of 1.67%, lymphocytes 82.00%, neutrophils 7.67%, monocytes 10, 33%, phagocytic activity 31.67% and absolute weight growth of 37.70 g, and 95% survival.

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Rosińska, Agnieszka, Magdalena Jarosz, Dorota Szopińska, Hanna Dorna, and Krystyna Tylkowska. "Comparison of methods for detecting fungi in Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. seeds." Folia Horticulturae 25, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2013-0012.

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ABSTRACT Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) is one of the most important medicinal plants. The fungi infesting its seeds may negatively influence their germination and health-promoting properties. However, there is no standard method for S. marianum seed health testing. The aim of this study was to find a suitable method for the detection and identification of fungi in/on milk thistle seeds. The following tests were used: deep-freeze blotter test, blotter test with an addition of mannitol, blotter test with an addition of polyethylene glycol, agar test on potato-dextrose agar (PDA), agar test on PDA after seed disinfection, agar test on reduced PDA and an agar test on reduced PDA after seed disinfection. Seeds were incubated for 10 and 14 days. The most prevalent fungi were: Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Rhizopus nigricans and Verticillium spp. A deep-freeze blotter test followed by a blotter test with an addition of mannitol and a blotter test with an addition of polyethylene glycol performed for 14 days could be recommended for the further study of milk thistle seed health testing, as they favoured the growth of the most important fungi.

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Harahap, Anwar Efendi Harahap, Ade Septika Rasmi, and Hidayati Hidayati. "Penampilan Produksi Kelinci Fase Pertumbuhan Menggunakan Wafer Ransum Komplit Berbahan Tepung Inti Biji Karet." Jurnal Sains Peternakan 8, no. 1 (July 4, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jsp.v8i01.4447.

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Rubber seed is agricultural waste can used for alternatif feed. Rubber seed use not enough for make ends meet rabbit, additional feed is needed to complete it to mix the ingredient needed technology, technology that can be used, one of which is wafers. This study aims to determine the performance of the growth phase of rabbit production by using a complete wafer ration with the addition of 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% rubber seed core flour. Observations made in this study were body weight gain, ration consumtion, ration conversion, and feed costs. This study using completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 4 treatments and 3 replications. Addition of rubber seed flour in ingredients not significantly up to the level of 9% the production performance of male local rabbits in the growth phase seen from ration consumtion, body weight gain, ration consumtion, and ration conversion. High feed cost is found in the addition of 3% of rubber seed core flour and the lowest feed cost is found in the addition of 9% of rubber seed core flour.

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Nguyen, Thi Thuy, Lan Phuong Doan, Thu Huong Trinh Thi, Hong Ha Tran, Quoc Long Pham, Hai Ha Pham Thi, Long Giang Bach, Bertrand Matthäus, and Quoc Toan Tran. "Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, and Phytosterol Composition of Seed Oil and Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Seeds from Three Dalbergia Species Grown in Vietnam." Processes 8, no. 5 (May 5, 2020): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8050542.

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This research aimed to investigate the chemical composition of seed oils extracted from three Vietnamese Dalbergia species (D. tonkinensis, D. mammosa, and D. entadoides). The fatty acid profiles and contents of tocopherols and sterols of the seed oils, and total phenolic compounds extracted from the fresh seeds were characterized using different methods. Among the examined samples, D. tonkinensis seed oils showed high contents of linoleic acid (64.7%), whereas in D. mammosa, oleic acid (51.2%) was predominant. In addition, α- and γ-tocopherol and β-sitosterol were major ingredients in the seed oils, whereas ferulic acid and rosmarinic acid are usually predominant in the seeds of these species. Regarding sterol composition, the D. entadoides seed oil figured for remarkably high content of Δ5,23-stigmastadienol (1735 mg/kg) and Δ7-stigmastenol (1298 mg/kg). In addition, extracts with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) of seeds displayed significant in vitro antioxidant activity which was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay.

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Sallam, Khaled, Samir Abd-elghany, E. Youssef, and A. Zein. "ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF BLACK SEED OIL AND BLACK SEED POWDER ON BEEF MINCED MEAT." Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal, no. 19 (July 7, 2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35943//mvmj.2018.19.1515.

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he aim of this study is to determine the effect of the addition of different levels of black seed oil and black seed powder to beef meat ball on the quality and shelf life of beef patties. During the studies lipid oxidation, number of aerobic bacteria, psychrotrophes and entero bactriacea of raw minced beef stored under refrigeration conditions for 24days were determinated. Results showed that the addition of BSO, BSP have significant decrease in APC for 10 days after that no significant decrease in count, treatment of meat balls with black seed oil (at concentrations 1, 2, 3%) induce significant decrease in enterobacteriaceae count at different period of storage, however a ddition of black seed powder (at concentrations 2, 4, 6%) induced significant increase in psychrotrophs count at different period of storage. The outcomes of this research is that addition of black seed oil and black seed powder to beef meat does not increase shelf life of meat. However, This addition has antioxidant effect.

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Lee, Soo Young, K. Amoako-Appiagyei, and Hai Doo Kim. "Effect of β–Si3N4 seed crystal on the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 1 (January 1999): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0026.

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β–Si3N4 seed crystal has been synthesized from α–Si3N4 powder. Reaction-bonded Si3N4/SiC composite has been fabricated with β–Si3N4 seed crystals. The nitridation behavior and the changes in mechanical properties resulting from the addition of seed crystals were studied before and after gas pressure sintering. Addition of seeds showed a considerable improvement in the nitridation, resulting in increase in fracture strength of the composite. Highly nitrided reaction-bonded Si3N4 (RBSN) as a result of the addition of seed crystals gave rise to high strength of composite after postsintering. Fracture toughness of the seeded Si3N4 was also improved up to 35% compared to the baseline Si3N4. Micrographs showed that the seeded Si3N4 developed a bimodal microstructure which resulted in an improvement in fracture toughness.

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Egidi, Lavinia, and Giovanni Manzini. "Multiple seeds sensitivity using a single seed with threshold." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 13, no. 04 (August 2015): 1550011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720015500110.

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Spaced seeds are a fundamental tool for similarity search in biosequences. The best sensitivity/selectivity trade-offs are obtained using many seeds simultaneously: This is known as the multiple seed approach. Unfortunately, spaced seeds use a large amount of memory and the available RAM is a practical limit to the number of seeds one can use simultaneously. Inspired by some recent results on lossless seeds, we revisit the approach of using a single spaced seed and considering two regions homologous if the seed hits in at least t sufficiently close positions. We show that by choosing the locations of the don't care symbols in the seed using quadratic residues modulo a prime number, we derive single seeds that when used with a threshold t > 1 have competitive sensitivity/selectivity trade-offs, indeed close to the best multiple seeds known in the literature. In addition, the choice of the threshold t can be adjusted to modify sensitivity and selectivity a posteriori, thus enabling a more accurate search in the specific instance at issue. The seeds we propose also exhibit robustness and allow flexibility in usage.

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Borrajo, Paula, Małgorzata Karwowska, Dariusz M. Stasiak, Jose M. Lorenzo, Marlena Żyśko, and Elżbieta Solska. "Comparison of the Effect of Enhancing Dry Fermented Sausages with Salvia hispanica and Nigella sativa Seed on Selected Physicochemical Properties Related to Food Safety during Processing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (October 2, 2021): 9181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199181.

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The aim of the study is to compare the effects of Salvia hispanica (Chia) seed and Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) seed in traditionally produced dry fermented sausages with reduced nitrites on the changes in physicochemical parameters (water content, pH, and water activity), thioarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), color parameters, the content of nitrosopigments, and microbial counts throughout the production process. At the end of the processing, the content of biogenic amines was also determined. Five samples were analyzed during the 30-day production process: the control sample, samples with 1% and 2% additions of chia seed, and samples with 1% and 2% additions of black cumin seed. It was indicated that the addition of chia or black cumin did not exert any effect on water content or water activity changes in fermented sausages. At the end of production, the samples were characterized by low water activity, in the range of 0.798–0.813. The sausages with chia seeds were characterized by the lowest pH due to the highest proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. TBARS values did not alter in both control and black cumin sausages throughout the experiment. Microbiological analysis showed that the addition of chia or black cumin seed enhances the proliferation of the lactic acid bacteria and caused a reduction in the number of Enterobacteriaceae in comparison to the control.

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Král, Ondřej, Zdeňka Javůrková, Dani Dordevic, Matej Pospiech, Simona Jančíková, Kseniia Fursova, and Bohuslava Tremlová. "Biscuits Polyphenol Content Fortification through Herbs and Grape Seed Flour Addition." Processes 9, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081455.

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The study aimed to verify whether the addition of selected herbs and spices will affect the content of polyphenols in biscuits and their antioxidant capacity, as well as what impact it will have on their sensory properties and attractiveness to consumers. Ground cloves, cinnamon, mint, and grape flour were added to the biscuits in concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 10.0%. The total content of polyphenols in spices and biscuit samples was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteau solution and, subsequently, the antioxidant capacity was measured by FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition). Polyphenols were transferred through spices and herbs into the biscuits in all samples and thus their antioxidant capacity was increased. The antioxidant capacity of the control sample measured by the DPPH method was 15.41%, and by the FRAP method 1.02 μmol Trolox/g. There was an increase in antioxidant capacity in all samples with the addition of spices and herbs. The highest increase was recorded in the sample with cloves, namely with the addition of 10% of cloves there was an increase measured by the DPPH method to 92.6% and by the FRAP method to 208.42 μmol Trolox/g. This also corresponds to the measured TPC (Total Polyphenol Content) in the pure clove, which was 219.09 mg GAE/g, and in the samples where the content gradually grew up to 4.51 mg GAE/g in the sample with the addition of 10%, while the polyphenol content of the control sample was 0.2 mg GAE/g. For other parameters, changes were also observed, depending on the addition of spices/herbs. There was a reduction in both texture parameters, hardness and fracturability, depending on the addition of spices/herbs, which was confirmed by both instrumental measurements and sensory analysis. Colour measurements clearly separated the control from the fortified samples, thus confirming the colour changes. The addition of grape flour shows the smallest difference from the control when the overall impression does not change with the addition. In terms of the combination of increased antioxidant capacity and overall consumer acceptability, the addition of cloves at a concentration of 3.0% appears to be the best option.

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Whitelock, Derek P., Carlos B. Armijo, and Christopher D. Delhom. "Seed Cotton and Lint Moisture Addition at a Western Cotton Gin." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34, no. 3 (2018): 623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12618.

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Abstract. Testing was conducted at a western commercial cotton gin to evaluate the effect of humid air moisture addition on fiber quality, bale value, and operating costs; when applied at the gin stand feeder conditioning hopper and battery condenser lint slide. Two tests each with 19 conventional modules of upland cotton were conducted over two consecutive days. The moisture treatments included feeder hopper moisture on or off and lint slide moisture on or off, resulting in four treatment combinations: 1) no moisture added (No Addition), 2) moisture added at the feeder hopper only (Hopper Only), 3) moisture added at the lint slide only (Slide Only), and 4) moisture added at the both the feeder hopper and lint slide moisture (Hopper+Slide). Results showed that seed cotton moisture content at the gin stand was about 0.1 percentage points higher when moisture was added at the feeder hopper and lint moisture content in the bale was about 0.9 percentage points higher when moisture was added at the lint slide. Adding moisture at the feeder hopper resulted in small, but significant (p-value = 0.05), improvements in HVI length [+0.21 mm (0.008 in.)], uniformity (+0.16 percentage points), and strength (+0.25 g/tex), and AFIS length [+0.4 mm (0.016 in.)] and short fiber content (-0.52 percentage points). However, fiber yellowness also increased (+0.12 +b) when moisture was added at the feeder hopper. Adding moisture at the lint slide had very little effect on fiber quality. Moisture addition at either location did not significantly affect spinning performance or yarn quality. Lint produced with moisture added only at the feeder hopper had the highest average value [$1.254/kg (56.88 ¢/lb)] and lint with moisture added only at the lint slide had the lowest value [$1.234/kg (55.98 ¢/lb)]. Bales produced with added moisture were heavier, 9 kg (20 lb) heavier on average for the Hopper+Slide moisture addition than for No Addition. Bales produced using moisture addition not only contained more moisture, but also more lint. This could be due to easier bale pressing, which was supported by measurements which showed that about 2 kW less press power was required to press bales with moisture added at the lint slide. Moisture added at the feeder hopper resulted in the greatest overall increase in value over the value of cotton ginned with no moisture addition, more than $32,000 when extrapolated over 10,000 bales. The moisture addition treatments required more energy to produce bales, mainly due to the additional natural gas required for air humidifying equipment. However, since bales with added moisture contained more dry lint resulting in fewer bales pressed for the same amount of dry lint in bales produced with no moisture addition, savings in bale packaging materials and labor costs made operating the moisture systems slightly less expensive than not, up to about $1400 less for 10,000 bales with the Hopper+Slide moisture addition. Although the results showed little impact on cotton quality by adding moisture, the subtle differences and heavier bales containing more lint could have a significant effect on the value to a producer over an entire cotton crop or to a gin over an entire season. Keywords: Cost benefit analysis, Cotton ginning, Energy, Fiber quality, Humid air, Moisture addition.

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Doh, S. W., J. H. Park, J. H. Suk, H. J. Shon, J. H. Kim, and W. D. Hur. "Microstructural Control of Mn-Zn Ferrite with Addition of Seed Grains." Le Journal de Physique IV 07, no. C1 (March 1997): C1–59—C1–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1997110.

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Kinta, Yasuyoshi, and Richard W. Hartel. "Bloom Formation on Poorly-Tempered Chocolate and Effects of Seed Addition." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 87, no. 1 (September 22, 2009): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-009-1473-5.

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Choi, Woo-Seoung, Mi-Kyung Choi, and Kyung-Yeon Chae. "Quality characteristics of Sulgidduk by the Addition of Apricot Seed Powder." Korean journal of food and cookery science 27, no. 6 (December 30, 2011): 653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2011.27.6.653.

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Bucharova, Anna, and František Krahulec. "Native seed addition as an effective tool for post-invasion restoration." Basic and Applied Ecology 42 (February 2020): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2020.01.002.

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Serin, Hasan, and Şafak Yıldızhan. "Hydrogen addition to tea seed oil biodiesel: Performance and emission characteristics." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43, no. 38 (September 2018): 18020–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.085.

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Derewiaka, D., N. Stepnowska, J. Bryś, M. Ziarno, M. Ciecierska, and J. Kowalska. "Chia seed oil as an additive to yogurt." Grasas y Aceites 70, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0705182.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 2% chia seed oil addition to natural yogurt on its quality and to determine whether chia seed oil can be used as an additive in fermented milk products. The dominant species of microorganisms found in yogurt was Lb. delbruecki subsp. bulgaricus. The number in natural yogurt varied from 6.2 to 6.3·106 CFU·g-1 and in enriched yogurt between 6.1 and 6.3·106 CFU·g-1. Chia seed oil contained 4.5 g of sterol per 100 g of oil. The addition of 2% chia seed oil to natural yogurt resulted in a high content of phytosterol in yogurt. Natural yogurt contained 1.2 g of cholesterol in 100 g of the fat fraction of yogurt. Enriched yogurt contained 2 g of phytosterols. The addition of 2% chia seed oil to natural yogurt resulted in higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic and α-linolenic acid.

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A. Apriantini, D. Afriadi, N. Febriyani, and I. I. Arief. "Fisikokimia, Mikrobiologi dan Organoleptik Sosis Daging Sapi dengan Penambahan Tepung Biji Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr)." Jurnal Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jipthp.9.2.79-88.

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Durian seeds are waste products from durian fruit that have not been utilized properly. Durian seedflour contain high starch as well as tapioca flour, therefore, durian seed flour can be combined withtapioca flour as a filler for sausage dough, in order to reduce production costs of sausage products. Theaim of this study was to analyze the physicochemical, microbiological and organoleptic properties of beefsausage with the addition of 0%, 25% and 50% durian seed flour from a maximum 30% of the flour usedin making sausages. The results of physical characteristics showed that the addition of durian seed flourhad a significant effect (P <0.05) on the cohesiveness of sausages and had no significant effect (P>0.05) onother physical characteristics of sausages. The microbiological assay showed that durian seed flour didnot affect the total plate count (TPC) of beef sausages. However, the total plate count of the sausages withthe addition of 25% durian seed flour still met the SNI (Indonesian National Standard) for sausages,instead of sausages with 50% durian seed flour addition. The results of chemical analysis showed that theaddition of durian seed flour had no affect on moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content,and carbohydrate content of the sausages. The hedonic test values on the parameters of aroma, color,texture and general appearance also showed no significant effect (P> 0.05), except for taste parameters.The hedonic quality test value also showed that the addition of durian seed flour had no different effect(P> 0.05) on the parameters of aroma, color, texture, and general appearance, but had different effect (P<0.05) on the sausage taste. The addition of durian seed flour produced a distinctive taste which coverthe flavor of sausage.

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Footitt, Steven, Sajjad Awan, and William E. Finch-Savage. "An improved method for the rapid isolation of RNA from Arabidopsis and seeds of other species high in polyphenols and polysaccharides." Seed Science Research 28, no. 4 (August 7, 2018): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258518000296.

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AbstractSeeds are notoriously high in polyphenols and polysaccharides, which reduce RNA quality and yield, and interfere with downstream applications. We present simple modifications to a rapid RNA extraction protocol for use with seeds. The inclusion of polyethylene glycol in place of polyvinylpyrrolidone reduced polyphenol and polysaccharide contamination. In addition, replacing NaCl with KCl improved the RNA yield from Arabidopsis seeds still bound by mucilage. On extraction of Arabidopsis seed recovered from field soils clean RNA pellets with no accompanying gelatinous matrix (polysaccharide) were seen, with A260/230 ratios greater than 1.8 confirming the lack of polysaccharide carry-over. WhenBrassica oleraceaandSinapis arvensisseeds were extracted, 260/230 ratios greater than 1.8 were seen. RNA yields in excess of 10 µg per 100 mg seed suitable for RT-QPCR were obtained.

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Carrithers, Vanelle F., Cindy Talbott Roché, Dean R. Gaiser, Denise Horton, Celestine L. Duncan, and Peter N. Scherer. "Herbicides Reduce Seed Production in Reproductive-Stage Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis)." Weed Technology 18, no. 4 (December 2004): 1065–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-240r.

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Herbicides with residual activity more effectively control infestations of yellow starthistle, a facultative winter annual, because seed banks quickly furnish replacement plants after nonresidual herbicide treatments. Picloram has been applied to rosettes in fall or spring, but new infestations of yellow starthistle are often discovered when plants are more noticeable in bud or flower stages. Eradication, containment, and revegetation are facilitated if weed seed rain can be stopped. This study evaluated whether registered rates (0.14, 0.28, and 0.42 kg ae/ha) of picloram, alone and with 2,4-D at 1.12 kg ae/ha, can prevent seed production when applied to yellow starthistle at bud or flower stage. Picloram applied at bud stage curtailed both seed production and germination, reducing seed production by 42 to 86% and viability by 80 to 99%. Neither the picloram rate nor the addition of 2,4-D to the spray solution affected the percentage of nonviable seeds. The addition of 2,4-D further decreased germination of developed seeds only at the lowest picloram rate. At flower stage, picloram and 2,4-D neither killed mature plants nor consistently reduced the quantity and quality (viability) of seeds. Bud stage was the phenological limit for effective reduction of viable seed by picloram, which caused both bud abortion and lower seed germination.

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Ozga, Jocelyn, and Frank G. Dennis. "Is Ethylene Required for Apple Seed or Embryo Germination?" HortScience 24, no. 2 (April 1989): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.2.331.

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Abstract We were unable to confirm the observations made by others that ethylene (C2H4) is required for germination of stratified embryos of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) In addition, silver thiosulfate and norbornadiene (1000 µl·liter-1), which in-hibit C2H4 action, either slightly promoted or did not affect seed or embryo germination. The addition of 166 or 332 µl C2H4/liter significantly inhibited rate and final percentage of germination of fully stratified seeds. Removal of atmospheric C2H4 or addition of C2H4 (up to 332 µl·liter-1) did not reduce the inhibitory effect of high temperature (30C) on seed or embryo germination. We conclude that the presence of atmospheric C2H4 at concentrations >20 nl·liter-1 is not essential for germination of apple seeds or embryos.

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Wiedemair, Verena, Kathrin Gruber, Nataly Knöpfle, and Katrin E. Bach. "Technological Changes in Wheat-Based Breads Enriched with Hemp Seed Press Cakes and Hemp Seed Grit." Molecules 27, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 1840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061840.

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Hemp and hemp seed press cake—a by-product of hemp oil production—are high-protein, gluten-free raw materials that are often used to enhance the nutritional value of breads. The addition of hemp materials, however, often negatively impacts the technological parameters of breads. Consequently, this study investigated whether and how much the addition of various by-products of hemp seed press cakes to wheat bread mixtures adversely affects the texture and colour profile. The texture profile and colour were determined using a texture analyser and tristimulus measurements. The particle size of raw materials was also measured. Principal component analysis was then used to visualise the correlation between all measured values as well as nutritional parameters. The results showed that the addition of only 1% of some hemp raw materials caused significant technological changes (p > 0.05). Hemp raw materials increased bread hardness and decreased elasticity. The colour of breads containing 1% hemp was also visibly darker than the reference bread. The addition of more hemp led to further darkening and the deterioration of the technological parameters of the products. Consequently, while various hemp materials have high nutritional value, a balance with sensory properties, e.g., textural and colour, has to be reached.

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Nemoto, Keiichirou, Aiko Watanabe, Chiharu Yoshida, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Methods to promote seed germination in the lacquer tree, Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. Barkley." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 11, 2022): e0272665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272665.

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The lacquer tree, Toxicodendron vernicifluum, is a common industrial crop in East Asia. However, T. vernicifluum seeds are extremely difficult to germinate, which poses a major obstacle to establishing seedlings for sap production. In this study, we examined the germination properties of T. vernicifluum seeds in order to establish an inexpensive and effective method to promote seed germination. The seeds are covered with a hard endocarp, which we degrade using conventional sulfuric acid-based methods. Although sulfuric acid was effective in promoting seed germination, the germination rate was less than 5%. In addition to treatment with sulfuric acid, co-treatment with cold temperatures or the phytohormone gibberellic acid increased the germination rate to 22–35%. Seed viability analysis combined with specific gravity-based seed selection revealed that more than half of the seeds housed embryos that were incapable of germination. In additions, specific gravity-based seed selection aided in the selection of seeds capable of germination and improved the germination rate to approximately 47%. Taken together, our results suggest that the low germination rate of T. vernicifluum seeds is due to deep seed dormancy—which is controlled by physical and physiological mechanisms—and low embryo viability. To improve the germination rate of T. vernicifluum seeds, we propose an effective method whereby seeds with good germination capacity are selected based on specific gravity, following which their physiological dormancy is inactivated through cold pretreatment.

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Klingeman, William E., and M. Shea Carrington. "Plant Source and Seed Parasitism Influence Seed Viability in Redbud (Cercis spp.)." Journal of Entomological Science 40, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-40.4.420.

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Eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis L., trees are difficult to vegetatively propagate. Named cultivars of Eastern redbud do not grow “true” from seeds forcing growers to invest resources to graft buds or scions onto seed-grown liners. Whereas the unnamed North American native Eastern redbud trees produce large numbers of easily-collected seedpods that contain abundant numbers of seeds, these seeds are frequently infested with seed-parasitic beetles and associated wasp parasitoids. Of the redbuds investigated, we found that unnamed Eastern redbuds were preferred hosts for redbud seed beetles, Gibbobruchus mimus (Say). However, named and unnamed redbud types as well as C. chinensis ‘Avondale’ were suitable hosts for G. mimus. In addition, several new wasp parasitoids were recovered from seeds although it was not apparent whether these were attacking seed endosperm, G. mimus, or both. A float test successfully discriminated dead or infested seeds from seeds that were mostly viable. The majority of seeds that floated were empty, dead or infested. Growers can optimize seed collection efficiency by screening native Eastern redbud seeds for size and subjecting seeds to a float test thereby minimizing time, labor and land resources that would otherwise be expended for preparation and maintenance of fields planted with potentially nonviable seeds.

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Rausher, M. D., and J. D. Fry. "Effects of a locus affecting floral pigmentation in Ipomoea purpurea on female fitness components." Genetics 134, no. 4 (August 1, 1993): 1237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/134.4.1237.

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Abstract A locus influencing floral pigment intensity in the morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, is polymorphic throughout the southeastern United States. Previous work has suggested that the white allele at this locus has a transmission advantage during mating because of the effect of flower color on pollinator behavior. The experiment described here was designed to determine whether other effects of the W locus may contribute an opposing selective advantage to the dark allele. Dark homozygotes were vegetatively smaller and produced fewer flowers, seed capsules and seeds than either light heterozygotes or white homozygotes. In addition, dark homozygotes produced smaller seeds than heterozygotes, and there is some indication that white homozygotes also produced smaller seeds than heterozygotes. Pleiotropic effects on seed number thus do not seem to contribute to selection opposing the mating advantage associated with the white allele. However, pleiotropic effects on seed size might contribute to overdominance that could stabilize the W locus polymorphism.

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Ayu, Dewi Fortuna, Yelmira Zalfiatri, and Raiyan Renadi. "Purification of Rubber Seed Oil Using Zeolite Adsorption Method and Noni Extract Addition." Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i1.25.

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Rubber seed oil is not currently used optimally, due to the high content of cyanide and free fatty acid. Cyanide and free fatty acid can be decrease using zeolite adsorption process and addition of noni extract. This research aims to study the effect of noni extract for cyanide and free fatty acid of rubber seed oil. Rubber seed oil was purified using the zeolite adsorption method with the addition of 10% by weight of rubber seed oil. Research method used completely randomized design which consists of 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 4 times. The treatments of noni extract addition were 40%, 45%, 50%, and 55% of total weight of rubber seed oil. Data were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance and continued with duncan new multiple range test at 5% level. Based on this research, the best treatment was 55% noni extract addition which had average content of cyanide 0,500 ppm, specific gravity 0,862 g/ml, and acid number 4,325 mg KOH/g.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Seed addition'

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