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Journal articles on the topic 'Sediments (Geology) Victoria, Southeastern'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Webb, J. A., D. Fabel, B. L. Finlayson, M. Ellaway, Li Shu, and H. P. Spiertz. "Denudation chronology from cave and river terrace levels: the case of the Buchan Karst, southeastern Australia." Geological Magazine 129, no. 3 (May 1992): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800019245.

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AbstractDetailed mapping of surface and underground karst features at Buchan, in eastern Victoria, has shown that the three river terraces along the Buchan River can be correlated with three levels of epiphreatic development in the nearby caves. Each level represents a stillstand in the denudational history of the area. Uranium series dating of speleothems and palaeomagnetic studies of cave sediments indicate that all three stilistands are more than 730 ka old. The periods of incision separating the stillstands were probably the result of active tectonic uplift. This contrasts with some northern parts of the Southeastern Highlands, which have been stable since the Eocene. The overall amount of incision and uplift at Buchan is small, indicating that the majority of scarp retreat in this section of the highlands must have occurred earlier. The denudation history of the Buchan area over the last 730 ka has seen only 2–3 m of incision, despite the major climatic and sea-level changes that have occurred in that time. Whereas most karst landscapes in the Northern Hemisphere have been extensively modified during the late Pleistocene, the Buchan karst was little affected, and its geomorphology has an older origin.

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2

Deev, E. V., I. D. Zolnikov, and S. A. Gus’kov. "Seismites in Quaternary sediments of southeastern Altai." Russian Geology and Geophysics 50, no. 6 (June 2009): 546–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2008.10.004.

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3

Holdgate, G. R., T. A. G. Smith, S. J. Gallagher, and M. W. Wallace. "Geology of coal-bearing Palaeogene sediments, onshore Torquay Basin, Victoria." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 48, no. 5 (October 2001): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-0952.2001.00888.x.

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4

Holdgate, G. R., T. A. G. Smith, S. J. Gallagher, and M. W. Wallace. "Geology of coal-bearing Palaeogene sediments, onshore Torquay Basin, Victoria." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 48, no. 5 (October 2001): 657–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-0952.2001.485888.x.

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5

COLMAN, STEVEN M., ANNE F. CHOQUETTE, JOHN N. ROSHOLT, GIFFORD H. MILLER, and D. J. HUNTLEY. "Dating the upper Cenozoic sediments in Fisher Valley, southeastern Utah." Geological Society of America Bulletin 97, no. 12 (1986): 1422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1986)97<1422:dtucsi>2.0.co;2.

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6

Al-Ankaz, Zinah, Ruaa Muslim, Najah Al-Ghasham, and Hasan Jasim. "Mineral Composition and Provenance of Al-Chabbab Stream Sediments, Wasit, Southeastern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 2E (November 30, 2022): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.2e.16ms-2022-11-30.

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A mineralogical study was carried out on the sediments of Al-Chabbab stream, one of the seasonal tributaries of the Tigris River, southeast of Wasit, Iraq. This study includes the sediments of the Tigris River sited before and after the mouth of the Al-Chabbab stream. Light and heavy minerals are determined by using polarized microscope and X-Ray Diffraction technique. The light minerals are composed of quartz, rock fragments, and feldspar, which are the prevailing compositions in all samples. The quantity of monocrystalline quartz in the Tigris River was more than Al- Chabbab stream, which refered to the supplied of felsic sours rocks sediments to the Tigris River more than the sediments of Al-Chabbab stream. The average value of minerological maturity index and ZTR index of Al-Chabbab stream, Tigris and Al-Chabbab inflow samples indicates that clasts generally are sub-mature. The Tigris River clasts have high mineralogical maturity index, which refers to the long transportation. Heavy mineral accumulation of the recent sediments from Al-Chabbab inflow and the Tigris River is composed of opaque and transparent minerals including epidotes; pyroxenes; amphiboles (hornblende and glaucophane); zircon; garnet; tourmaline; rutile; kyanite; staurolite; flaky minerals (muscovite; biotite and chlorite) and celestite (glaucophane and celestite are absent in the sediment of Tigris River). Based on the mineralogical signatures, the light and heavy minerals reflect metamorphic, mafic and felsic igneous rocks, of the active margin of the unstable shelf, in addition to the carbonate, evaporite and mud rocks that could be sourced from the Euphrates, Fatha and Injana formations.

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Carranza-Edwards, A., L. Rosales-Hoz, and A. Monreal-Gómez. "Suspended sediments in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico." Marine Geology 112, no. 1-4 (June 1993): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(93)90172-r.

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8

Druzhinina, Olga, Laura Gedminienė, and Kasper van den Berghe. "Metals in Lake Sediments as Indicators of Human Activities in Prehistory: Case Study of the Southeastern Baltic, Kamyshovoe Lake." Minerals 12, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12101216.

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This paper presents the results of geochemical research on the Kamyshovoe Lake sediments (Kaliningrad oblast, Russian Federation). The study of Pb, Ni, Zn, As, Co and Cu concentration and enrichment factors (EF) combined with the results of the lithological, geochronological, magnetic susceptibility and microcharcoal studies revealed possible anthropogenic sources of metals in southeastern Baltic lake sediments from the Neolithic to the Medieval period. Increasing Co EF value and peaks of the Pb EF in Kamyshovoe Lake sediments, starting from ~6000 cal yr BP in the Neolithic, probably show the growing role and usage of metals as dyes and fixatives. Since ~3100 cal yr BP, in the end of the Bronze Age, a simultaneous increase in the content of indicators of metallurgical production Pb, Ni, Zn and As, coinciding with growth of the microcharcoal curve, can show a growing demand for metal objects in the southeastern Baltic region and the input of the local or regional ancient metallurgy into the metal pollution of the lake sediments.

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9

Ewers Lewis, Carolyn J., Mary A. Young, Daniel Ierodiaconou, Jeffrey A. Baldock, Bruce Hawke, Jonathan Sanderman, Paul E. Carnell, and Peter I. Macreadie. "Drivers and modelling of blue carbon stock variability in sediments of southeastern Australia." Biogeosciences 17, no. 7 (April 16, 2020): 2041–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2041-2020.

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Abstract. Tidal marshes, mangrove forests, and seagrass meadows are important global carbon (C) sinks, commonly referred to as coastal “blue carbon”. However, these ecosystems are rapidly declining with little understanding of what drives the magnitude and variability of C associated with them, making strategic and effective management of blue C stocks challenging. In this study, our aims were threefold: (1) identify ecological, geomorphological, and anthropogenic variables associated with 30 cm deep sediment C stock variability in blue C ecosystems in southeastern Australia, (2) create a predictive model of 30 cm deep sediment blue C stocks in southeastern Australia, and (3) map regional 30 cm deep sediment blue C stock magnitude and variability. We had the unique opportunity to use a high-spatial-density C stock dataset of sediments to 30 cm deep from 96 blue C ecosystems across the state of Victoria, Australia, integrated with spatially explicit environmental data to reach these aims. We used an information theoretic approach to create, average, validate, and select the best averaged general linear mixed effects model for predicting C stocks across the state. Ecological drivers (i.e. ecosystem type or ecological vegetation class) best explained variability in C stocks, relative to geomorphological and anthropogenic drivers. Of the geomorphological variables, distance to coast, distance to freshwater, and slope best explained C stock variability. Anthropogenic variables were of least importance. Our model explained 46 % of the variability in 30 cm deep sediment C stocks, and we estimated over 2.31 million Mg C stored in the top 30 cm of sediments in coastal blue C ecosystems in Victoria, 88 % of which was contained within four major coastal areas due to the extent of blue C ecosystems (∼87 % of total blue C ecosystem area). Regionally, these data can inform conservation management, paired with assessment of other ecosystem services, by enabling identification of hotspots for protection and key locations for restoration efforts. We recommend these methods be tested for applicability to other regions of the globe for identifying drivers of sediment C stock variability and producing predictive C stock models at scales relevant for resource management.

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10

Fegan, N. E., D. T. Long, W. B. Lyons, M. E. Hines, and P. G. Macumber. "Metal partitioning in acid hypersaline sediments: Lake Tyrrell, Victoria, Australia." Chemical Geology 96, no. 1-2 (March 1992): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(92)90127-q.

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11

Stepanova, N. I. "Ordovician sediments in the southeastern Siberian Platform: lithostratigraphy and ostracod zoning." Russian Geology and Geophysics 54, no. 7 (July 2013): 707–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2013.06.006.

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12

Olvmo, Mats, Lars Ronnert, Sten R. Ekman, and Siv Olsson. "A weathered diamicton beneath Upper Weichselian sediments at Silvereke, southeastern Sweden." GFF 118, no. 2 (June 1996): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035899609546230.

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13

Geissler, Paul E. "Seismic reflection profiling for groundwater studies in Victoria, Australia." GEOPHYSICS 54, no. 1 (January 1989): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442574.

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Experimental seismic reflection profiling was employed for groundwater studies in southeastern Australia. Equipment consisted of a simple engineering seismograph and tape recorder, and data reduction was carried out on a minicomputer using a graphics‐based processing system specifically written for the project. The investigation area is the site of a proposed induced groundwater recharge scheme in which surface water would be diverted to infiltrate aquifers outcropping several kilometers from a bore field which supplies up to half of the drinking water for the city of Geelong. The unconsolidated Tertiary aquifers of the region are known to be interrupted in places by steep normal and reverse faults. Since similar faulting had been inferred along the proposed recharge avenue, the objective of the seismic study was to verify, if possible, the assumption of aquifer continuity along the survey line. The reflection results reveal monoclinal folding in the upper unconsolidated sediments produced by recent movement on bedrock faults. The seismic study confirms that the aquifers are continuous between the proposed recharge and extraction areas despite structural complexity along the recharge avenue.

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14

Gourbet, Loraine, Rong Yang, Maria Giuditta Fellin, Jean-Louis Paquette, Sean D. Willett, JunFeng Gong, and Colin Maden. "Evolution of the Yangtze River network, southeastern Tibet: Insights from thermochronology and sedimentology." Lithosphere 12, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/l1104.1.

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Abstract We performed apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He dating on a granitic pluton that has been offset by ∼10 km by motion on the sinistral strike-slip Xiangcheng fault in SW Sichuan, SE Tibetan plateau, where the Shuoqu River incises a deep valley before joining the upper Yangtze River. Mean ZHe cooling ages range from 49.5 ± 2.2 Ma to 68.6 ± 6.0 Ma. Samples located above 3870 m yield mean apatite (U-Th)/He ages ranging from 30.6 ± 1.4 Ma to 40.6 ± 2.7 Ma, whereas samples at lower elevations range from 9.8 ± 1.3 Ma to 14.6 ± 2.7 Ma. In the same region, Cenozoic continental sediments are exposed on the flanks of deep valleys. They consist of unsorted conglomerates and sandstones that partly fill a paleotopography. The sediments were deposited during an episode of rapid sedimentation, followed by incision that varies between 0.5 and 1.2 km. Thermal and exhumational modeling of the granite thermochronometric data indicates rapid cooling during the middle Miocene that was likely related to fluvial incision. Our findings suggest that the upper Yangtze River and its tributary (Shuoqu) were connected by the middle Miocene. Our modeling also supports the idea that the exhumation pattern during the Cenozoic in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is spatially and temporally heterogeneous.

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15

Akpan, Anthony E., Stephen E. Ekwok, Ebong D. Ebong, Anthony M. George, and Emeka E. Okwueze. "Coupled geophysical characterization of shallow fluvio-clastic sediments in Agwagune, southeastern Nigeria." Journal of African Earth Sciences 143 (July 2018): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.03.012.

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16

Gresov, A. I., and A. V. Yatsuk. "Geological Implications for Gas Saturation of Bottom Sediments in Sedimentary Basins in the Southeastern Sector of the East Siberian Sea." Russian Geology and Geophysics 62, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20194075.

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Abstract —We present research results for the geologic structure of the De Long, Aion, and Pegtymel sedimentary basins of the East Siberian Sea. The materials of geological surveys and drilling in their land area and island surroundings, the data obtained from geophysical surveys conducted by Dal’morneftegeofizika, MAGE, and Sevmorgeologiya, and the seismic and deep-drilling data on the U.S. sector of the Chukchi Sea are summarized and analyzed. Pre-Paleozoic strata and the sedimentary cover have been identified throughout the sections of the sedimentary basins, which suggests the existence of a geologic “cover–basement” boundary rather than an arbitrary called “acoustic basement” horizon. The data on the geologic structure and gas saturation of the upper parts of the sedimentary sections were obtained during the study and gas-geochemical testing of core samples and bottom sediments from coastal shallow wells and corers. Gas contained in the rocks and bottom sediments in the study area includes hydrocarbon gases (HCGs) (СН4, С2–С5, and their unsaturated homologues), СО2, Н2, Не, N2, Ar, and, seldom, CO and H2S. The data on gas saturation of bottom sediments and the geochemical parameters of their syngenetic and epigenetic gases are presented. Areas of abnormal saturation of sediments with CO2, СН4, other HCGs, H2, and He (>5, 0.05, 0.001, 0.005, and 0.005 cm3/kg, respectively) have been identified, and maps of the gas saturation patterns in bottom sediments have been compiled. It is established that both gas saturation and distribution are determined mainly by the geologic evolution, tectonics, magmatism, geocryologic conditions, lithologic composition, catagenesis, coal content, bituminosity of sedimentary rocks, and oil and gas potential of the study area.

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17

Clemens, J. D., and G. Stevens. "S- to I- to A-type magmatic cycles in granitic terranes are not globally recurring progressions. The cases of the Cape Granite Suite of Southern Africa and central Victoria in southeastern Australia." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0007.

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Abstract Recurring progression from S- to I- to A-type granites has been proposed for a subset of granitic rocks in eastern Australia. The wider applicability and the validity of this idea is explored using the Cape Granite Suite (CGS) of South Africa and the granitic and silicic volcanic rocks of central Victoria, in southeastern Australia. Within the CGS there is presently little justification for the notion that there is a clear temporal progression from early S-type, through I-type to late A-type magmatism. The I- and S-type rocks are certainly spatially separated. However, apart from a single slightly older pluton (the Hoedjiespunt Granite) there is no indication that the S- and I-type granites are temporally distinct. One dated A-type granitic sample and a syenite have poorly constrained dates that overlap with those of the youngest S-type granites. In central Victoria, the granitic magma types display neither a spatial separation nor a temporal progression from one type to another. All magma varieties are present together and were emplaced within a far narrower time window than in the CGS. Thus, a progression may or may not exist in a particular region, and the occurrence of such a progression does not hold true even in a part of southeastern Australia, which afforded the type example. Thus, the idea that, globally, there should be a progression from S- to I- to A-type magmatism is unjustified. The critical factor in determining the temporal relationship between granitic magmas of different types is probably the compositional structure of the deep crust in a particular region, a reflection of how the individual orogen was assembled. In turn, this must reflect significant differences in the tectonic settings.

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Jaeger, John M. "Developing high-resolution chronologies in glacimarine sediments: examples from southeastern Alaska." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 203, no. 1 (2002): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2002.203.01.11.

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19

Stukalova, I. E., T. A. Sadchikova, A. L. Chepalyga, S. V. Naugolnykh, and I. V. Latysheva. "Fossil Coals (Gagates) from Pleistocene Sediments in Black Sea Terraces, Southeastern Crimea." Lithology and Mineral Resources 56, no. 6 (November 2021): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0024490221060079.

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Boreen, Tom, Noel James, Chris Wilson, and David Heggie. "Surficial cool-water carbonate sediments on the Otway continental margin, southeastern Australia." Marine Geology 112, no. 1-4 (June 1993): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(93)90160-w.

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21

SZABO, BARNEY J. "Uranium-series dating of fossil corals from marine sediments of southeastern United States Atlantic Coastal Plain." Geological Society of America Bulletin 96, no. 3 (1985): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<398:udofcf>2.0.co;2.

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22

King, George A. "A Standard Method for Evaluating Radiocarbon Dates of Local Deglaciation: Application to the Deglaciation History of Southern Labrador and Adjacent Québec." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 39, no. 2 (December 4, 2007): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032600ar.

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ABSTRACT Sixty-two radiocarbon dates of marine shells, basal lake sediments, and basal peat deposits from the southeastern part of the Labrador-Ungava Peninsula, Canada, were evaluated for their accuracy and precision in estimating local deglaciation time. A procedure for the consistent evaluation of basal dates of lake sediments was developed after consideration of the problems with dating early-postglacial sediments. Of the 62 dates, 42 were selected to construct the regional déglaciation chronology, interpreted in the context of the glacial geology of the area. Late Wisconsin ice stretched to or beyond the present-day coastline throughout the study area, except in southeastern Labrador where the extreme southeastern coast was probably ice-free during Late Wisconsin time. Déglaciation began in southeastern Labrador by 13.OK. It proceeded slowly at first, and between 9.7K and 10.5K the retreating ice formed the Paradise Moraine, which parallels the southeastern Labrador coastline. In contrast, the coast at Sept-îles was not ice-free until about 9.4K. Shortly thereafter the extensive Québec North Shore Moraine System developed, although its precise age is uncertain. The position of the ice margin at 8.0K is uncertain, but may still have been near the Québec North Shore Moraine System. After 8.0K ice retreat was rapid, although extensive ice persisted at 6.5K in western Labrador and adjacent Québec. Final wastage of ice occurred in two localities in the center of the Labrador-Ungava Peninsula just after 6.OK. The precision of the well-dated glacial isochrones is estimated to be about ± 23 km.

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23

Viezzoli, Andrea, and James Cull. "Electrical Methods for Detection and Discrimination of Saline Groundwater in Clay-Rich Sediments in Northern Victoria." Exploration Geophysics 36, no. 3 (September 2005): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg05294.

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Rusanov, G. G., O. B. Kuzmina, and M. V. Mikharevich. "REVISION RESULTS FOR THE MAIN OUTCROPS OF THE KOSHAGACHSKAYA FORMATION (UPPER OLIGOCENE – LOWER – MIDDLE MIOCENE) IN THE SAMAKHA-DZHAZATOR DEPRESSION IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF GORNY ALTAI." Geology and mineral resources of Siberia, no. 1 (March 2022): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20403/2078-0575-2022-1-14-25.

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The revision results for the main outcrops are given, as also new sections of the Koshagachskaya Formation and sediments overlying it are studied in the southeastern part of Gorny Altay. On the ground of a comprehensive study, including lithological, mineralogical, geochemical, palynological and paleocarpological analyses of sediments, the upper part of the Koshagachskaya Formation of the Early – Middle Miocene was identified in the valley of the Dzhazator River lower reaches and in the Samakha basin, where the upper part of the Kalimkungey section was excluded from the formation structure.

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Anderson, John G., and James N. Brune. "The Victoria Accelerogram for the 1980 Mexicali Valley Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 7, no. 1 (February 1991): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585611.

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Most of the remarkable digital strong motion accelerogram from the June 9, 1980 Mexicali Valley earthquake (Mw = 6.4) has been recovered by careful analysis. Peak horizontal accelerations (.98g, .87g) and duration were similar to the values for the recent Superstition Hills earthquake. The vertical accelerogram clipped the 1g instrument several times. The records provide an important example of near fault accelerations from a second earthquake in the deep sediments of the Imperial Mexicali Valley (the other being the records from the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake). The 1980 accelerograms are important because they were not affected by foundation filtering, as were the records for the Imperial Valley 1940 earthquake, and because they illustrate the damaging near-source, intermediate frequency velocity pulse associated with passage of the rupture front.

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Baichtal, James F., Alia J. Lesnek, Risa J. Carlson, Nicholas S. Schmuck, Jane L. Smith, Dennis J. Landwehr, and Jason P. Briner. "Late Pleistocene and early Holocene sea-level history and glacial retreat interpreted from shell-bearing marine deposits of southeastern Alaska, USA." Geosphere 17, no. 6 (November 8, 2021): 1590–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02359.1.

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Abstract We leverage a data set of >720 shell-bearing marine deposits throughout southeastern Alaska (USA) to develop updated relative sea-level curves that span the past ∼14,000 yr. This data set includes site location, elevation, description when available, and 436 14C ages, 45 of which are published here for the first time. Our sea-level curves suggest a peripheral forebulge developed west of the retreating Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) margin between ca. 17,000 and 10,800 calibrated yr B.P. By 14,870 ± 630 to 12,820 ± 340 cal. yr B.P., CIS margins had retreated from all of southeastern Alaska's fjords, channels, and passages. At this time, isolated or stranded ice caps existed on the islands, with alpine or tidewater glaciers in many valleys. Paleoshorelines up to 25 m above sea level mark the maximum elevation of transgression in the southern portion of the study region, which was achieved by 11,000 ± 390 to 10,500 ± 420 cal. yr B.P. The presence of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and the abundance of charcoal in sediments that date between 11,000 ± 390 and 7630 ± 90 cal. yr B.P. suggest that both ocean and air temperatures in southeastern Alaska were relatively warm in the early Holocene. The sea-level and paleoenvironmental reconstruction presented here can inform future investigations into the glacial, volcanic, and archaeological history of southeastern Alaska.

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Caracciolo, L., S. Andò, P. Vermeesch, E. Garzanti, R. McCabe, M. Barbarano, C. Paleari, M. Rittner, and T. Pearce. "A multidisciplinary approach for the quantitative provenance analysis of siltstone: Mesozoic Mandawa Basin, southeastern Tanzania." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 484, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 275–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp484-2018-136.

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AbstractThis paper shows how heavy minerals and single-grain varietal studies can be conducted on silt (representing c. 50% of world's sediments) sediments to obtain quantitative data as efficiently as for sand-sized sediments. The analytical workflows include heavy mineral separation using a wide grain-size window (15–355 μ) analysed through integrated optical analysis, Raman spectroscopy, QEMSCAN microscopy and U–Pb dating of detrital zircon. Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous silt-sized sediments from the Mandawa Basin of central-southern Tanzania have been selected for the scope of this research. Raman-aided heavy mineral analysis reveals garnet and apatite to be the most common minerals together with durable zircon, tourmaline and subordinate rutile. Accessory but diagnostic phases are titanite, staurolite, epidote and monazite. Etch pits on garnet and cockscomb features on staurolite document the significant effect of diagenesis on the pristine heavy mineral assemblage. Multivariate statistical analysis highlights a close association among durable minerals (zircon, tourmaline and rutile, ZTR) while garnet and apatite plot alone reflecting independence between the three groups of variables with garnet increasing in Jurassic samples. Raman data for garnet end-member analysis document different associations between Jurassic (richer in A, Bi and Bii types) and Cretaceous (dominant A, Ci and Cii types) samples. U–Pb dating of detrital zircon and their statistical integration with the above-mentioned datasets provide further insights into changes in provenance and/or drainage systems. Metamorphic rocks of the early and late Pan-African orogeny terranes of the Mozambique Belt and those of the Irumide Belt acted as main source of sediment during the Jurassic. Cretaceous sediments record a broadening of the drainage system reaching as far as the Usagran–Ubendian Belt and the Tanzanian Archean Craton.

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Jennings, Anne E. "The Quaternary History of Cumberland Sound, Southeastern Baffin Island: The Marine Evidence." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 47, no. 1 (November 23, 2007): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032929ar.

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ABSTRACTAcoustic and core data from Cumberland Sound show that glacial ice derived from the Foxe Sector (Amadjuak Dome) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet advanced to the continental shelf at the mouth of the sound during a late phase of the Foxe Glaciation. The basal lithofacies/acoustic unit (Ai/BUD) in the sound is a massive, black diamicton. On the basis of strati-graphic, acoustic, lithologie and faunal evidence, this unit is interpreted as till. The till is overlain by an ice proximal to ice distal glacial-marine sediment sequence termed the Davis Strait Silt (DSS). The influence of ice retreat is reflected in the foraminiferal assemblages of the DSS. Rapid sedimentation rates in the sound prevailed during deposition of the DSS as shown by the conformable geometry of the DSS. Accelerator Mass Spectrometry dates on molluscs and foraminifera and a single conventional 14C date on disseminated organic material from ice proximal sediment of the DSS (lithofacies B and lower lithofacies C) indicate that the ice retreated rapidly from its probable maximum position on the shelf no earlier than ca. 13,400 BP and into the fiords along the coast of the sound by ca. 8900 BP. Deposition of ice-distal glacial marine sediments (lower lithofacies D) continued in the sound until ca. 7600 BP as the ice margin rapidly retreated into the fiords. Between ca. 8900 BP and ca. 8000 BP, the foraminiferal fauna show that the influence of glacial ice is remote and that "Atlantic Water" impinges on the seafloor. Postglacial sedimentation began in the sound at ca. 7600 BP. Retreat of the ice margin onto land made the fiord basins available as sediment catchments. The reduced sedimentation rates in the sound during this interval are indicated by the change to onlapping basin fill geometry of the Tiniktartuq Silt and Clay (TS&C). Calcareous foraminifera disappear from the sediments by ca. 6300 BP and are replaced by agglutinated foraminifera reflecting "Arctic Water" conditions at the seafloor. The TS&C is presently being deposited in the sound.

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Elicki, Olaf, Jörg Schneider, and Rafie Shinaq. "Prominent facies from the Lower/Middle Cambrian of the Dead Sea area (Jordan) and their palaeodepositional significance." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 173, no. 6 (November 1, 2002): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/173.6.547.

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Abstract New carbonate facies types are reported from the Cambrian Burj Fm. (Bilbilian) of the southern Dead Sea area (Jordan). They indicate the existence of a large low energy lagoon, with restricted water circulation and higher salinity, behind a high energy oolite shoal or shoal complex (back-barrier system). The transition between shoal and lagoon is marked by the interfingering of sediments from both environments, caused by washover events from the shoal into the lagoon behind. The lagoon itself was characterized by a low sedimentation rate and entire bioturbation. In a shoreward direction, the lagoonal facies changed into a microbial-dominated tidal or sabkha flat environment from which sediments were periodically reworked and redeposited into the lagoon. Comparison of our results with investigations of subsurface Cambrian deposits in southeastern and northern Jordan shows that lagoonal environments were the predominant carbonate production centres in this area during the short marine phase in the Cambrian of the Dead Sea area.

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Kunath, Marvin, George Phillips, and Renee M. Clary. "Cretaceous cultch: substrate availability for oyster Exogyra in the Maastrichtian of the eastern Mississippi Embayment." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 37, no. 3 (November 24, 2020): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2020.3.1580.

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The gryphaeid oyster Exogyra Say, 1820, is ubiquitous in Upper Cretaceous sediments in the southeastern United States. Like many oysters (Order Ostreida), Exogyra attached its shell to hard surfaces on the seafloor by means of cementation. Throughout its lifetime, Exogyra may preserve through bioimmuration the characteristics and even skeletal remains of substrate organisms, including mollusk shells, echinoids, and bryozoans. Exogyra costata of all sizes were collected from three different localities within upper Maastrichtian deposits in northeast Mississippi and their bioimmurations analyzed. Substrates were identified and classified to compare the three localities’ substrate taxa in order to probe differences in benthic population structure. The results of this pilot study provide an overview of available surfaces on the Late Cretaceous seafloor on the eastern side of the Mississippi Embayment. The data suggest that taxonomic diversity among utilized substrates may increase from north to south, which corresponds to increasing depth from shallow marine to deeper sediments on the shelf.

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Asi, May Okah, Christopher Iorfa Adamu, Emmanuel Etim Okon, Peter Amba Neji, Therese Ntonzi Nganje, Olowhu Oli Oli, and Chidi Eneogwe. "Hydrocarbon potentials of sediments of the Ikom-Mamfe embayment, Southeastern Nigeria and Western Cameroon." Journal of African Earth Sciences 185 (January 2022): 104411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2021.104411.

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32

Nygaard, Nanna Noe, Jesper Milán, Mikkel Ulfeldt Hede, and Jørgen Holm. "A reindeer track from a drill core, and lake basin development of the Late Glacial Lille Slotseng kettle-hole basin, South-East Jylland, Denmark." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 55 (August 6, 2007): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2007-55-07.

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IA subfossil reindeer track is found in lake shore sediments in a drill core through the Late Glacial and Holocene lacustrine succession from the Lille Slotseng kettle-hole basin, located in the southeastern part of Jylland. The track is dated to 11,795 ± 80 14C yr BP or 13,635 cal. yr BP. This is the first vertebrate track recognized from a soft sediment drill core. Hitherto, convincing vertebrate trace fossils have only been described from boreholes through lithified Triassic sediments. During a previous excavation at the site, skeletal remains of at least ten reindeer were recovered from the Bølling succession and a vertebra was dated to approximately 14,100 cal. yr BP. The Lille Slotseng basin is semicircular with a maximum diameter of 23 m and the overall transgressive–regressive succession covers the time period from 16,000 to around 8,000 cal. yr BP. The oldest basin-fill sediments are melt-water deposits. They are overlain by a succession belonging to the Bølling Interstadial (GI 1-e), older Dryas (GI 1-d), Allerød, (GI 1-c, 1-b, 1-a), and Younger Dryas (GS 1), which terminates the Late Glacial succession. Then follows Preboreal algal gyttja and nearshore woody peat from the Boreal and Early Atlantic times, filling the basin.

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Vidishcheva, Olesya N., Grigorii G. Akhmanov, Ekaterina V. Kislitsyna, Adriano Mazzini, Anna Yu Mal’tseva, Elena N. Poludetkina, Elena A. Bakay, Irina E. Man’ko, Dmitriy V. Korost, and Oleg M. Khlystov. "Variations in molecular and isotopes composition of seepage gases in the north-western and south-eastern parts of Lake Baikal." Georesursy 24, no. 2 (May 16, 2022): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2022.2.19.

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The paper presents results of gas-geochemical studies of bottom sediments and petroleum potential assessment of Baikal Rift Basin. During the expeditions of the Class@Baikal project in 2014–2019, gases from the Lake Baikal bottom sediments were analyzed. The results showed a clear difference in chemical and isotopic composition of the seeping gases collected in the northwestern and southeastern parts of the lake. The seepage released from northwest part were relatively enriched by methane and had a low concentration of C2+ compounds. The seepage gases had relatively lighter carbon isotopes composition of CH4 (from -72,7 to -50,1 ‰ VPDB) and the high variability of δ13C in C2H6 (from -65 to -22 ‰ VPDB). The gases released from southeastern part of the lake had an increase in C2+ compounds and had relatively lighter carbon isotopes composition of methane (from –57,2 to –41,0 ‰ VPDB). The carbon isotopes composition of ethane varies from -32 to -25 ‰ VPDB. Asymmetric structure of the Baikal rift basin and various processes of gas migration within it might cause the variations. Diffusive process led to the lighter carbon isotopes composition of the seepage gases from the northwestern part of lake and the gas molecular composition enrichment by methane. Such molecular and isotopic fractionations caused by geochemical processes helps to understand the migration of gas from source rocks to the earth’s surface. Similar geochemical indicators of fractionation should be taken into consideration when assessing oil and gas source rocks and basin potential from gas geochemical studies data.

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Readhead, Mark L. "Thermoluminescence dating study of quartz in aeolian sediments from southeastern Australia." Quaternary Science Reviews 7, no. 3-4 (January 1988): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(88)90013-3.

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Brasier, M. D., M. M. Anderson, and R. M. Corfield. "Oxygen and carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Cambrian carbonates in southeastern Newfoundland and England." Geological Magazine 129, no. 3 (May 1992): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675680001921x.

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AbstractCarbonate rocks have been sampled through predominantly siliciclastic sediments above the Precambrian-Cambrian global stratotype level in southeastern Newfoundland to assess their potential for oxygen and carbon isotope stratigraphy. Comparable successions were sampled at Nuneaton and Comley in England. Greatly depleted δ18O signals are attributed to widespread thermal alteration during deep burial and granitic intrusion, including within the stratotype region. Carbon isotope ratios appear to have been less affected and these are described from nine sections. A provisional, composite δ13C curve is based on non-ferroan, pink nodular and bedded micrites. Several δ13C excursions occur in the fossiliferous Bonavista Group and allow the position of the Tommotian-Atdabanian boundary to be identified. Chemostratigraphic correlation of the new Precambrian-Cambrian boundary stratotype may, however, prove difficult because of the lack of suitable, well-preserved carbonates. The search must begin for a comparable reference section allowing global correlation of the boundary level using chemostratigraphy as well as biostratigraphy.

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PIROUZ, MORTAZA, GUY SIMPSON, ABBAS BAHROUDI, and ALI AZHDARI. "Neogene sediments and modern depositional environments of the Zagros foreland basin system." Geological Magazine 148, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2011): 838–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756811000392.

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AbstractA sedimentological investigation of the Neogene deposits of the Zagros foreland basin in SW Iran reveals a continuous and largely gradational passage from supratidal and sabkha sediments at the base (represented by the Gachsaran Formation) to carbonates and marine marls (Mishan Formation with basal Guri carbonate member) followed by coastal plain and meandering river deposits (Agha Jari Formation) and finally to braided river gravel sheets (Bakhtyari Formation). This vertical succession is interpreted to represent the southward migration of foreland basin depozones (from distal foredeep and foredeep to distal wedge-top and proximal wedge-top, respectively) as the Zagros fold–thrust belt migrated progressively southward towards the Arabian foreland. This vertical succession bears a striking similarity to modern depositional environments and sedimentary deposits observed in the Zagros region today, where one passes from mainly braided rivers in the Zagros Mountains to meandering rivers close to the coast, to shallow marine clastic sediments along the northern part of the Persian Gulf and finally to carbonate ramp and sabkha deposits along the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf. This link between the Neogene succession and the modern-day depositional environments strongly suggests that the major Neogene formations of the Zagros foreland basin are strongly diachronous (as shown recently by others) and have active modern-day equivalents.

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37

Karowe, Amy L., and Timothy H. Jefferson. "Burial of trees by eruptions of Mount St Helens, Washington:implications for the interpretation of fossil forests." Geological Magazine 124, no. 3 (May 1987): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675680001623x.

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AbstractLahars and fluvial sediments which buried trees following the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St Helens were investigated during August of 1982. Trees buried in older mudflows, dated at a.d. 1885, a.d. 1450–1550, and 36000 years b.p., also were examined. Although many logs clearly were transported, large numbers of trees were buried in growth position. Burial by lahars generally resulted in the death of trees, whereas some trees survived burial by fluvial sediments. Scanning electron microscope studies show that trees buried in lahars are well preserved. Pre-1885 buried woods show incipient silicification, and woods buried 36000 years b.p. show silica impregnation of cell walls.Features of in situ and allochthonous burial very similar to those seen in southern Washington are found also in Eocene silicified forests in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, U.S.A., and in Cretaceous fossil forests in southeastern Alexander Island, Antarctica. Observations of Recent wood from volcaniclastic deposits of Mount St Helens provide valuable insights into processes of burial and silicification of fossil forests of various ages around the world.

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38

Kondor, Henrietta, and Tivadar M Tóth. "Contrasting metamorphic and post-metamorphic evolutions within the Algyő basement high (Tisza Mega-unit, SE Hungary). Consequences for structural history." Central European Geology 64, no. 2 (May 29, 2021): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/24.2021.00004.

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AbstractThe Algyő High (AH) is an elevated crystalline block in southeastern Hungary covered by thick Neogene sediments. Although productive hydrocarbon reservoirs are found in these Neogene sequences, numerous fractured reservoirs also occur in the pre-Neogene basement of the Pannonian Basin. Based on these analogies, the rock body of the AH might also play a key role in fluid storage and migration; however, its structure and therefore the reservoir potential is little known. Based on a comprehensive petrologic study in conjunction with analysis of the spatial position of the major lithologies, the AH is considered to have been assembled from blocks with different petrographic features and metamorphic history. The most common lithologies of garnet-kyanite gneiss and mica schist associated with garnetiferous amphibolite are dominant in the northwestern and southeastern parts of the AH. The first regional amphibolite facies metamorphism of the gneiss and mica schist was overprinted by a contact metamorphic (metasomatic) event during decompression in the stability field of kyanite. Garnet-bearing amphibolite experienced amphibolite facies peak conditions comparable with the host gneiss. Regarding the similarities in petrologic features, the northwestern and southeastern parts of the area represent disaggregated blocks of the same rock body. The central part of the AH area is characterized by an epidote gneiss-dominated block metamorphosed along with a greenschist-facies retrograde pathway as well as a chlorite schist-dominated block formed by greenschist-facies progressive metamorphism. The independent evolution of these two blocks is further confirmed by the presence of a propylitic overprint in the chlorite schists. The different metamorphic blocks of the northwestern, southeastern and central parts of the AH probably became juxtaposed along post-metamorphic normal faults developed due to extensional processes. The supposed brittle structural boundaries between the blocks could have provided hydrocarbon migration pathways from the adjacent over-pressured sub-basins, or could even represent suitable reservoirs.

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Surour, A. A., A. A. El-Kammar, E. H. Arafa, and H. M. Korany. "Dahab stream sediments, southeastern Sinai, Egypt: a potential source of gold, magnetite and zircon." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 77, no. 1 (February 2003): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6742(02)00268-6.

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40

RINGBERG, BERTIL. "Varve chronology of the glacial sediments in Blekinge and northeastern Skåne, southeastern Sweden." Boreas 8, no. 2 (January 16, 2008): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1979.tb00802.x.

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41

Mahjoubi, Rachida, Saïd Kamel, Yves Noack, Annie Michard, Daniel Nahon, and Christian Carruesco. "Sr isotopic tracing in a lagoonal system : example of surficial carbonate sediments in the Nador lagoon (northeastern Morocco)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 176, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/176.4.373.

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Abstract The Nador lagoon is the largest one in Morocco and along the Mediterranean. It is located on the northeastern coast near the Rif chain (North Morocco), and it is surrounded by volcanic and sedimentary rocks of various lithofacies. The watershed has an area of about 2200 km2 and is drained by a dense river network. The lagoon dimension is of 115 km2 (25 x 7.5 km) with a depth not exceeding 8 m. The island barrier is 25 km in length and 350 m in average width. The carbonate fraction is the dominant component of the present-day sedimentation in the Nador lagoon. It represents 13 to 48 % of total sediments. Its distribution within the lagoon reflects the nature of marine and continental watershed. The carbonate fraction is composed, in decreasing order of importance, of calcite, magnesium calcite, dolomite and aragonite. The Sr isotopic signatures of lagoonal carbonates sediments show that they are dominated by marine biogenic sediments deposited, and by chemical precipitation. In addition, other carbonates of external origin and less radiogenic Sr isotopic are also present, coming from aerosols and ancient carbonates and transported by streams and rivers. From northwest to southeast, the Sr concentration of these lagoon carbonates increases, showing a slow renewal of waters in the southeastern zone because of its remoteness from communication with sea.

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Hou, Zhengyu, Zhong Chen, Jingqiang Wang, Xufeng Zheng, Wen Yan, Yuhang Tian, and Yun Luo. "Acoustic impedance properties of seafloor sediments off the coast of Southeastern Hainan, South China Sea." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 154 (April 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.12.003.

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43

Matchan, Erin L., David Phillips, Fred Jourdan, and Korien Oostingh. "Early human occupation of southeastern Australia: New insights from 40Ar/39Ar dating of young volcanoes." Geology 48, no. 4 (February 6, 2020): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47166.1.

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Abstract In Australia, the onset of human occupation (≥65 ka?) and dispersion across the continent are the subjects of intense debate and are critical to understanding global human migration routes. New-generation multi-collector mass spectrometers capable of high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of young (<500 ka) samples provide unprecedented opportunities to improve temporal constraints of archaeological events. In southeastern Australia, a novel approach to improving understanding of occupation involves dating key volcanic eruptions in the region, referenced to stone artifacts and Aboriginal oral traditions. The current study focuses on two monogenetic volcanoes in the Newer Volcanic Province of southeastern Australia: Budj Bim (previously Mount Eccles) and Tower Hill. Budj Bim and its surrounding lava landforms are of great cultural significance and feature prominently in the oral traditions of the Gunditjmara people. Tower Hill is of archaeological significance due to the occurrence of a stone tool beneath tephra. 40Ar/39Ar eruption ages of 36.9 ± 3.1 ka (95% confidence interval) and 36.8 ± 3.8 ka (2σ) were determined for the Budj Bim and Tower Hill volcanic complexes, respectively. The Tower Hill eruption age is a minimum age constraint for human presence in Victoria, consistent with published optically stimulated luminescence and 14C age constraints for the earliest known occupation sites in Tasmania, New South Wales, and South Australia. If aspects of oral traditions pertaining to Budj Bim or its surrounding lava landforms reflect volcanic activity, this could be interpreted as evidence for these being some of the oldest oral traditions in existence.

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44

Inglis, I., and J. Gerard. "The Alwyn North Field, Blocks 3/9a, 3/4a, UK North Sea." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 14, no. 1 (1991): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.1991.014.01.03.

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AbstractAbstract: Situated in the southeastern part of the East Shetland Basin, the Alwyn North Field produces oil and gas from Brent Group reservoirs and gas and condensate from the Statfjord Formation. The structural style is of tilted and eroded fault blocks dipping to the west and aligned north-south conforming to the principal normal fault trend. NE-SW cross elements further separate the hydrocarbon accumulations. The hydrocarbon columns are restricted to the Tarbert and upper part of the Ness Formation of the Brent Group, in sediments associated with the retreat of the Brent delta. The Statfjord Formation was deposited in an alluvial, fan-delta setting with increasing marine influence towards the top of the formation.

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45

Sten, Erik, Hans Thybo, and Nanna Noe Nygaard. "Resistivity and georadar mapping of lacustrine and glaciofluvial sediments in the late-glacial to postglacial Store Amose basin, Denmark." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 43 (July 14, 1996): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-1996-43-10.

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Resistivity profiling, resistivity sounding, georadar profiling and analyses of borings are used in a sedimentological and geomorphological study of shallow subsurface deposits in the proximal (southeastern) part of the Store Amose lacustrine basin in eastern Denmark. Areas of low, intermediate and high resistivities are located by resistivity profiling. Low-resistivity areas (type I) correspond to a thick unit of water-saturated lake sediments (fine detritus gyttja and siltlclay) which were deposited in a large lake system from the late Weichselian to the late Holocene. In intermediate-resistivity areas (type II), a relatively thick top layer of fresh-water peat and drifted gyttja or dry gyttja occurs. Fine-grained lake sediments, drifted gyttja and peat are equivaIent to transparent facies and low penetration (max. c. 2 m) in georadar profiles. Resistivity soundings indicate a shallower high-resistive substratum of meltwater sand and gravel in type II areas than in type I areas. The lake and fen sediments fil1 a highly irregular lake bottom relief, interpreted to have been formed in glaciofluvial channel systems and as dead-ice holes during the final Weichselian deglaciation. Sandy and gravelly domes and ridges, interpreted as proximal glaciofluvial deposits, are exposed at the ground surface in high-resistivity areas (type III). Convex surfaces of glaciofluvial bars and sides of meltwater channels are distinct georadar reflectors. Shallow, glaciofluvial bars were islands in the Holocene lake system and surrounding intermediate-resistivity areas represent shore zones of these islands (possible settlement areas).

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Choi, Taejin, Yong Il Lee, Yuji Orihashi, and Hi-Il Yi. "The provenance of the southeastern Yellow Sea sediments constrained by detrital zircon U–Pb age." Marine Geology 337 (March 2013): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.01.007.

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47

Bazarova, V. B., T. A. Grebennikova, L. M. Mokhova, and L. A. Orlova. "Holocene lake sedimentation in the steppe zone of southeastern Transbaikalia (exemplified by the sediments of Lake Zun-Soktui)." Russian Geology and Geophysics 52, no. 3 (March 2011): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2011.02.006.

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48

Horozal, Senay, Sujin Chae, Dae Hoon Kim, Jeong Min Seo, Sang Min Lee, Hyuk Soo Han, Deniz Cukur, and Gee-Soo Kong. "Seismic evidence of shallow gas in sediments on the southeastern continental shelf of Korea, East Sea (Japan Sea)." Marine and Petroleum Geology 133 (November 2021): 105291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105291.

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49

Barros de Oliveira, Sonia Maria, Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda, Deborah Ines Teixeira Favaro, and Marly Babinski. "A 2400-year record of trace metal loading in lake sediments of Lagoa Vermelha, southeastern Brazil." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 33, no. 1 (February 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2011.07.007.

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50

Castelo-Branco, R., A. Barreiro, F. S. Silva, S. B. V. Carvalhal-Gomes, L. F. Fontana, J. G. Mendonça-Filho, and V. Vasconcelos. "Bacterial community characterization and biogeochemistry of sediments from a tropical upwelling system (Cabo Frio, Southeastern Brazil)." Continental Shelf Research 130 (November 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2016.10.001.

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