Academic literature on the topic 'Sédiments (géologie) – Transport – Méditerranée (mer)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sédiments (géologie) – Transport – Méditerranée (mer)":
Higueras, Marina. "Impact of eastern storm on the transfert of particulate organic matter in the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean sea)." Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1240.
Rivers represent the primary pathway for particulate organic matter (POM) transport from continent to the continental shelf and are capable of discharging significant amounts of this organic matter during the occurrence of short but violent flash flood events, commonly associated with eastern storms. Terrestrial matter delivered by rivers during flash flood events is stored into continental shelf. Then, hydrodynamic conditions occurring at the shelf are capable of transferring this matter to the deep sea along submarine canyons. This study has allowed to simultaneously assess the variations of the quantity and origin of the POM in several rivers discharging into the NW Mediterranean Sea during a flash flood event, in the settling particles of two sediment traps deployed into the southern flank of the Cap de Creus canyon; and in the surficial sediments along 4 transects perpendicular to the continental shelf during March 2011. The obtained results will help us to understand land-sea exchanges
Gervais, Anne. "Analyse multi-échelles de la morphologie, de la géométrie et de l'architecture d'un système turbiditique sableux profond (Système du Golo, Marge est-Corse, Mer Méditerranée) : implications pour la reconnaissance des processus de transport et de dépôt des sédiments et pour la construction des lobes sableux en domaine profond." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12621.
Meslard, Florian. "Apports sableux par les fleuves côtiers méditerranéens et aléa de submersion marine (ASPLEC)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PERP0053.
Obtaining accurate estimates of sediment budgets on the land-sea continuum and understanding how these budgets affect coastal dynamics has become a crucial issue in the current context of rising sea levels and retreating coastlines. The torrential nature of mediterranean coastal rivers, linked to intense meteorological events, is characterized by brief but violent flooding episodes, during which most of the water and sediment discharge is delivered to the coastal zone in a few days. This episodic behavior of operation also has an impact on their river outlet as well, which can become obstructed by the development of sandy spits, leading to heavy flooding in coastal areas during concomitant storm and flood events. The aim of this thesis is to improve our understanding of intermittent river mouths processes, and to assess their interaction with the sediment transport in a land-sea continuum. A multi-scales (land-sea) spatio-temporal approach combining morphological, hydro-meteorological and sediment transport monitoring data was applied to the Têt River, an example of a mediterranean coastal river. The results provided with 1) a better understanding of the mechanisms at this intermittent river mouth system governed by auto-allocyclic and anthropogenic processes, 2) an improved estimates of suspended solids fluxes, provided by the first estimates of suspended and near-bottom sand fluxes, as well as understanding the role of morphology on their transfer to the coastal zone, and 3) an improved understanding of concomitant storm and flood events on the dynamics of the morphological response and the associated sediment transport
Payo, Payo Marta. "Modélisation du transport sédimentaire et des interactions morphodynamiques par les courants de turbidité dans les canyons sous-marins. Application à la Méditerranée Occidentale." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0117/document.
Turbidity currents in submarine canyons are the main contribution for sediment transfer across the continental margins. Geological studies of submarine canyons and associated turbiditic systems for more than 30 years led to an extraordinary breakthrough in the understanding of how turbidite systems evolve. However, these studies remain limited to a posteriori interpretations, based on the distribution of deposits and morphological evidences. The overarching aim of this thesis is to apply a 2DH process-based model to simulate large-scale turbidity currents on two different submarine canyons in the western Mediterranean coast.The work in La Fonera canyon, in the Catalan margin, focuses on the modelling of sediment transport and accumulation resulting from trawling activities on the canyon flanks. The numerical process-based provides a 3D visualization of potential trawling impacts on sediment dynamics. The study represents a starting point for the assessment of the sedimentary impact of bottom trawling in deep continental margins. The present work can help in the identification of trawling areas with lesser impacts. The Var Sedimentary System, located in the vicinity of Nice (France), is connected to the Var River during both low and high-stands and it can be considered as a natural laboratory for the study of the climatic control on the turbiditic activity. The influence of Coriolis forces on the spatial evolution of the hyperpycnal flows and hence in the construction of the Var Sedimentary Ridge (VSR) is evidenced and supported for the first time.The major drawback is the limited amount of information for the necessary initial and boundary conditions; hence modelling results might not be of predictive quality. However, modelling results provide a full-scale vision of the system allowing the identification of sediment pathways and deposition areas on the basis of physical processes and enlarge the present knowledge of the canyons studied. The results obtained may help in the identification of strategic mooring and coring sites to further advance the state of our knowledge on sediment dynamics of the different cases studies
Reynaud, Jean-Yves. "Architecture et évolution d'un banc sableux de mer celtique méridionale." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10199.
Miralles, Jérôme. "Etude couplée des radionucléides isotopes stables du plomb en Méditerranée occidentale." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30008.
The aim of this work is to identified an environmental deposit able to have stored the atmospheric signal over large time-scale leaning our investigations on lead stable isotopes (206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb) and radionuclide (210Pb, 137Cs, 239Pu, 240Pu) analysis. Owing to prior studies on anthropogenic lead sources, emission intensity and sedimentary accumulation, we choose to investigate the marine sediments of the Western Mediterranean. In the Gulf of Lions, the sedimentary accumulation is 101±17 [micro]g. Cm-2 high in good agreement with the atmospheric inventory estimate we made from saltmarshes of Camargue (105±11 g. Cm-2). The reconstructed lead accumulation through a modelling step coupling 210Pb and stable isotopes corroborates the regional anthropogenic emissions (Ferrand, 1996). Briefly, in this context of the marine sediments are a relevant proxy to study past lead atmospheric concentration over the last hundred years. In the Alboran Sea, the study area is less constrained and more complex in terms of climatic meteorological and hydrological conditions. The sedimentary inventory is of 153±47 [micro]g. Cm-2, 1,5 higher than in the margin sediments of the Gulf of Lions. The analysis of aerosols, sediments and settling particles evidences a continuity between the atmospheric signal and the sedimentary record. In spite of this encouraging results, the knowledge of the Alboran system is still too restricted in order to unambiguously conclude on accuracy of deep marine sediments of this area to study past atmospheric fallouts
Ducassou, Emmanuelle. "Évolution du système turbiditique profond du Nil au cours du Quaternaire récent." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13263.
Blanpain, Olivier. "Dynamique sédimentaire multiclasse : de l'étude des processus à la modélisation en Manche." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUES036.
The purpose of this work is the implementation of a sediment transport model in the English Channel. The design of such a model requires the identification of the physical processes, their modelling and their in-situ validation. Because of the sedimentary particularities of the study area, modelling of the mechanical behaviour of a non uniform mixture of sediments and particularly of the fine grains within a coarse matrix is required. This study focused on the characterization of the relevant processes by acquisition of experimental and in-situ data. Data acquired in hydro-sedimentary conditions comparable to those found in the English Channel are scarce. A new instrument and image processing technique were specifically conceived and implemented in-situ to observe and measure, with a high temporal resolution, the dynamics of a strongly heterogeneous mixture of particles in a grain-size scale. The data collected compared well with several existing formulations. One of these formulations was chosen to be adapted. The transfer dynamics of fine grains in coarse sediments and their depth of penetration were acquired from stratigraphic samples. The sediment transport model deals with multisize grains and multi sedimentary layers, it is forced by swell and currents, and accounts for beadload and suspended load transports. It was applied to realistic scenarios for the English Channel
Accornero, Alessandra. "Exportation de matière biogène dans la Mer de Ross : implications pour le cycle du carbone." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2003PERP0671.
The researches conducted in the framework of this thesis allowed to describe, on yearly and interannual time scales, the transfers of materials from the surface water column to the sediments of the Ross Sea. On the basis of the observations carried out on sediment trap samples, the annual biogeochemical dynamics of the system, the temporal relationships between productivity and sedimentation yearly cycles, the role of dominant zooplankters as contributors to carbon fluxes were clarified. We identified the relations among phytoplankton succession, affected by hydrology, changes in composition of the superficial particulate stocks, and the tendency of suspended matter to sink, by following the evolution of the plankton community throughout the austral summer. The annual cycle of primary productivity, the succession of different phytoplankton assemblages and the predominance of different feeding modes are the factors that globally control particulate transport to sediments. Besides these aspects, which are characterized by a relatively recurrent annual trend, other factors, abiotic and largely unforeseeable, appear to play an important role. On a time scale of months, the vertical displacement of isopycnal surfaces can hinder sedimentation, while on a longer time scale currents determine, through advection, the decoupling of fluxes in the surface and deep layers
Radakovitch, Olivier. "Etude du transfert et du dépôt du matériel particulaire par le 210 Po et le 210 Pb : application aux marges continentales du Golfe de Gascogne (NE Atlantique) et du Golfe de Lion (NW Méditerranée) par Olivier Radakovitch." Perpignan, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PERP0212.