Dissertations / Theses: 'Sedimentation and deposition – Vermont'

1

van, der Vegt Paul. "Glacial systems sedimentation and tunnel valleys." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610766.

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Casarim, Felipe M. Lockaby Bruce Graeme. "Legacy sediments in southeastern United States coastal plain streams." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1976.

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Roop, Heidi Anne. "Sedimentation in a proglacial lake : interpreting intra- and inter-annual sedimentation in Linnévatnet, Spitsbergen, Norway /." Connect to online version, 2007. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2007/235.pdf.

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Undergraduate honors paper--Mount Holyoke College, 2007. Dept. of Earth and Environment.
Includes one CD-Rom appendix of 2005-2006 grain size data. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-129).

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4

Taylor, Kelly Lynne. "Beach sediments : a source of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen species to the coastal ocean /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/taylork/kellytaylor.pdf.

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Babault, Julien. "Dynamique de l'érosion dans une chaîne de montagnes : influence de la sédimentation de piedmont, l'exemple des Pyrénées /." Rennes, France : Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 2004. http://www.geosciences.univ-rennes1.fr/biblio/edition/MGR-Babault.htm.

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6

Elsner, Paul Heinrich. "Monitoring intertidal sedimentation dynamics using airborne imaging spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609749.

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7

Kattah, Senira da Silva. "Controls on deposition and resulting stratal architecture of coarse-grained alluvial and near-shore facies associations /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Shi, Shaozhong. "Observational and theoretical aspects of tsunami sedimentation." Thesis, Coventry University, 1995. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/0a4c8219-19e9-a6c2-4417-440b0e84702e/1.

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This dissertation presents the detailed results of investigations into the coastal geomorphological effects and sedimentation processes associated with a recent large tsunami event which took place on the 12th December 1992 in Flores, Indonesia, and the stratigraphical and sedimentological study of a widespread sand layer preserved in coastal sedimentary sequences along the eastern coast of Scotland representing a low-frequency, high-energy marine event, which took place at circa 7,000 radiocarbon years B.P. With modern alalogues, established in this dissertation, of both tsunami and storm surge sedimentary characteristics and sedimentation processes as the key, together with high-resolution sedimentological evidence obtained from the circa 7,000 radiocarbon years B. P. event, competing hypotheses of the likely causes of the marine flooding by either a tsunami or storm surge event are tested. It is concluded that the circa 7,000 B. P. marine flooding event was a tsunami, believed to have been generated by one of the world's largest submarine landslides in the Norwegian Sea - the Second Storegga Slide. The particle size composition of tsunami sediments is found to vary from well sorted to poorly sorted and is controlled by both the characteristics of the source sedement (local coastal sediments) and sedimentation processes associated with tsunami inundation. Tsunami sediments deposited on land are believed to form continuous and discontinuous sedimentary sheets ascending up to levels distinctively higher than contemporary sea levels and to contain a general landward-fining trend and multiple sets of grading (fining-upward) sequences, reflecting spatial changes in particle size composition. A conceptual model of coastal tsunami sedimentation is established including processes of seaward and landward sediment movements, episodic rapid deposition, sediment accumulation and erosion.

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Lorrey, Andrew M. "Distribution of Patterned Ground and Surficial Deposits on a Debris-covered Glacier Surface in Mullins Valley and Upper Beacon Valley, Antarctica." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LorreyAM2002.pdf.

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Condon, Aiko Kondo. "Investigation of zinc uptake processes by manganese-oxide-coated sediments from a mining-contaminated stream, Pinal Creek, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0081_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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11

Black, R. Bernard. "Petrology, sedimentology and depositional environments of the Prairie Grove Member of the Hale Formation (Morrowan) in northwestern Arkansas /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1986. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8702931.

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12

Razak, Abdul. "Brunei Bay northwest Borneo : depositional system." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=206630.

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Brunei Bay in Northwest Borneo is a semi circular marine embayment formed during the last marine transgression. It represent a complex tropical depositional system in a micro-mesotidal setting in which the following elements can be recognised - an elongate bird's foot delta with abandoned lobes, drowned river valleys, cuspate delta and classic tidal estuary - all within 50 krn of each other. Understanding the control on the morphology of the sand bodies produced within the overall depositional system is of great importance because it is believed that many of the subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs in Northwest Borneo were deposited in a depositional setting similar to that of modern-day Brunei Bay. This study therefore has major implications for defining the architecture and connectivity of subsurface reservoirs. A detailed bathymetry survey of western Brunei Bay has been undertaken which acted as guide for subsequent hydrodynamic measurements and coring programme. The results of this study indicate that the localised depositional setting plays a key role in understanding sandbody geometry because the orientation of sandbodies and facies distribution varies considerably. Tidal processes playa significant role in shaping the sediment distribution and facies characteristic of the area although locally wave processes can play a significant role. Tidal sandbodies parallel to the direction of drowned rivers, form a large arcuate-shaped complex less constrained by the structural trend. This study suggests that within Brunei Bay, morphology and tidal range is not a good indicator of the dominant process. Mud, exceptionally rich in plant debris derived from the mangrove swamps, accumulates in low energy environments peripheral to the distributary channel, reinterpretation of many coal horizons in the Miocene of the region which have largely been ascribed to a raised setting. This study indicates that the present day Brunei Bay is an excellent analog for the tidally influenced succession of Northwest Borneo. Conversely, it also indicates that the Baram Delta located approximately 100 krn west of Brunei Bay is not a suitable analog for the interpreted wave influenced Miocene succession of Northwest Borneo.

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Tremblay, Sacha. "Geological evolution and depositional architecture of the northern Mauritanian passive margin." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=217512.

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The aim of this research was to examine the depositional architecture of the Northern Mauritanian passive margin, West Africa, in order to infer the geological evolution from Mesozoic to Recent. The study is based on a seismic stratigraphic analysis of 2D and 3D seismic reflection data (18000 km2), well data, outcrops and published work. The results are summarised on fifteen paleogeographic maps and key points in the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of this study can be made. Important subsidence in the southern area occurred from the Jurassic to the Turonian, which caused the development of a fractured flexure zone. This was the main tectonic activity clearly seen in the study area. During the Early Cretaceous, the entire study area was located in a siliciclastic deep-water slope environment. From the Late Cretaceous to the Paleocene, the northern study area became progressively shallower and a carbonate platform developed, while deltas were supplying sediment to the deep-water slope in the southern study area. The Paleocene Thermal Maximum climatic event caused the demise of the carbonate platform in the northern area. From the Middle Eocene to the Recent, most of the area was in a siliciclatic deepwater slope environment. Rivers and deltas that drained the adjacent craton were supplying sediment to the area, which exhibits a complex architecture of gravity and bottom current deposits. Presently, numerous deep-water tributary channels incise the seabed of the study area. This study represents the first reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental evolution of the Mauritanian passive margin from Mesozoic to Recent.

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Tian, Zhenglong. "Coupling between atmospheric deposition and oceanic flux of Fe and Al in the Sargasso Sea." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 135 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1253511061&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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15

Wortmann, Heid. "Sedimentation and desiccation of gold mines." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11052007-152710.

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Sinclair, Iain K. "Tectonism and sedimentation in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Grand Banks of Newfoundland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165780.

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The Jeanne d'Arc Basin, offshore eastern North America, is ideally situated to allow an assessment of the rifting history of the North Atlantic borderlands. Structures and the sedimentary fill of this basin record the occurrence of three main episodes of Mesozoic rifting. During the first episode in Late Triassic to Early Jurassic times, series of NE-SW trending, en echelon, normal faults formed in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland area. A second episode of tectonism began in the latest Oxfordian, while rifting of the upper crust characterized by the growth of northerly-trending faults occurred from the Tithonian to the Early Valanginian. The third tectonic episode began during the Barremian, while mid-Aptian to late Albian rifting resulted in growth of NW-SE-trending ("trans-basin") normal faults. A few major faults of this latter age and orientation, such as the Spoonbill fault and part of the Egret fault, are continuous from the pre-Mesozoic basement through Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous strata. The Spoonbill fault acted as a headwall fault, marking a southern limit to crustal extension of the Grand Banks area during this third rift episode. Transpressional and transtensional structures developed during mid-Aptian to late Albian rifting at restraining and releasing bends. These fault bends were created by oblique-slip reactivation and linkage of the previously-formed NE-SW-trending, en echelon faults in response to a ninety degree rotation of extensional stress axes between the first and third Mesozoic rift episodes. Similar lithostratigraphic architectures observed in the Jeanne d'Arc, Porcupine (Irish Continental Shelf) and Outer Moray Fifth (North Sea) basins support a regional model of sedimentation controlled by progressive changes in subsidence during the most widely recognized extensional episode, that which spanned the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous boundary. Subsidence rates began to vary across broad areas but without significant fault block rotation during a latest Oxfordian through Kimmeridgian "onset warp" phase, resulting in deposition of a lower interval of organic-rich source rocks. Conglomerates and/or sandstones were widely deposited at the start of rift deformation during the early Tithonian, while palaeoenvironments ranged from alluvial and braid plain to submarine fan. These basal sediments fine up a second layer of commonly organic-rich shales and marlstones. Sediments from all three basins show evidence of decreasing water depth, increasing oxygen levels and increasing grain size on basin margins during the final stages of this rift episode. Syn-rift subsidence rates are interpreted to have increased from the time of fault initiation to amid-rift peak. Subsidence is considered to have then slowed during the latest phase of this syn-rift episode, resulting in development of a base Late Valanginian break-up unconformity.

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17

Marshall, Jeffery A. "Event driven sediment mobility on the inner continental shelf of Onslow Bay, NC /." Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/marshallj/jefferymarshall.pdf.

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18

Thompson, Mai Phuong. "Statistical modelling of sediment concentration." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26648.

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One technique that is commonly used to replace the costly daily sampling of sedimentconcentration in assessing sediment discharge is the "rating curve" technique. This technique relies on the form of the relationship between sediment concentration and water discharge to estimate long-term sediment loads. In this study, a regression/time-series approach to modelling the relationship between sediment concentration and water discharge is developed. The model comprises of a linear regression of the natural logarithm of sediment concentration on the natural logarithm of water discharge and an autoregressive time-series of order one or two for the errors of the regression equation. The main inferences from the model are the estimation of annual sediment loads and the calculation of their standard errors. Bias correction factors for the bias resulted from the inverse transformation of the natural logarithm of sediment concentration are studied. The accuracy of the load estimates is checked by comparing them to figures published by Water Survey of Canada.
Science, Faculty of
Statistics, Department of
Graduate

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19

Dickhudt, Patrick J. "Controls on Erodibility in a Partially Mixed Estuary, York River, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Dickhudt08.pdf.

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20

Frauenstein, Glenn Gavin. "An investigation of the sources and supply of coarse sediment input to a semi-arid channel reach." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001903.

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This study comprises an investigation of the source and supply of coarse sediment input to a semi-arid channel reach. Despite a growing body of lIterature documentIng research of various aspects of sediment response in semi-arId areas, few studies attempt to integrate processes active in specific source areas wIth sediment supply to the channel. Detailed In the present study is an account of the processes active in the study area, identifIcation of source environments, a discussion of some of the factors affecting supply, a comparison of the effectiveness of gravItatIonal and fluvIal supply processes and an estImatIon of the time sequence of sediment supply to and removal from a channel reach. The above aspects of sediment supply are embodied In the aims set for the study. The study is conceptualIsed withIn the framework of a coarse sedIment supply model. The model is formulated from supporting literature and tested in the light of the results obtained through an investigation of the above aspects of sediment supply in the specIfic study area. The model is prImarily a qualitative one and the data collected intended to strengthen the qualitative nature of the model, while at the same time add at least some measure of quantification. Several reasons for studyIng coarse sediment behavIour in semI-arid areas are identIfied and include the need to improve the present lack of understanding of the relatIonship between supply and removal of sediment, the temporal dIstributIon of sediment discharge and the relatIve contrIbutions of coarse sediment to the overall load of rivers. The study area is located within the semi-arid Ecca basin north-east of Grahamstown. A specifIc channel reach is chosen withIn a sub-catchment (catchment B) of the Ecca catchment area as it has a variety of channel bank environments, is accessible through the entire reach, and the proximity of a raingauge and flow measurIng weir provide the necessary hydrometeorological inputs. The methods of observing sediment response from five data collection sites Include the use of slope or bank base sediment traps, erosion pins, tracer particle monitoring. sequential photographic surveys, and channel bed surface profile surveys. Hydrometeorological data is provided by records drawn from the data bank at the Hydrological Research Unit. Rhodes University. All rainfall records as well as channel flow data are available in the form of continuous records. Rainfall amount and intensity for any period could be extracted from these records. Data collection is confined to a period of two years, during which time the study area was visited on an approximate monthly basis. The index of erosivity (EI₃₀) could also be calculated from the hydrometeorological records and has been used as an integrated measure of rainfall intensity over the monthly period between site visits. The results are presented on a sample day for sample day basis. The sediment response data together with hydrological data is represented graphically for each sample day, of which there were nineteen. Discussion and interpretation of the results is left to a separate chapter. The interpretation of the results are based largely upon graphical representation of data time series and of interrelationships between some of the variables measured. The limited number of sample days together with the assumed auto correlation present in much of the data precluded the use of simple statistical testing procedures. The use of more complex procedures is not considered worthwhile and is unlikely to add to the interpretation of the results. Bedrock weathering is found to be a fairly active producer of coarse sediment on exposed shale bedrock outcrops through which sections of the channel are cut. The transport of the weathered detritus to the channel is attributed to a combination of gravitational and fluvial transport processes, with each process dominating at different times, depending on the magnitude of the climatic input. A tentative comparison of the effectiveness of the two processes reveals that both are capable of transporting similar amounts of sediment but on different time scales. The trends of sediment supply from the various bank environments display remarkable similarity , suggesting a measure of consistency of response to climatic input through the entire reach. Source areas of coarse sediment identified were limited to a small percentage of the total valley area and consisted almost entirely of the immediate channel environment. A tributary gully appears to be an important source of coarse sediment during fluvially dominated supply episodes, while the channel banks supply sediment on a quasi-continuous basis. The total yields for each source environment were extrapolated from the sampled amounts, revealing that channel banks are the predominant source environments. An attempt is made to assess the role of various factors which might affect sediment supply. The factors include rainfall amount and intensity, channel flow, geology/lithology, dip of strata, aspect of channel banks and size of weathered material. The findings, though not conclusive, do give some indication of the role of the above factors. It is suggested though that this particular aspect of sediment supply receive further attention in future research. Discussion on the time sequence of supply to and removal from the channel draws attention to a pulse- like movement of sediment 'waves' through the channel, and two scales of removal-accumulation cycles are identified. Finally the validity of the model is assessed and with the exception of a tributary inflow process not envisaged in the original model, is found to be an accurate representation of sediment supply in semi-arid areas, in both its static and dynamic phases. The suggestion is offered that future research on the sediment supply system, in all climatic regimes, can be conceptualised within the context of the basic model proposed in the present study. Specific components of the model should be quantified by numerous individual research efforts, and in this way, serve to build up the model into a widely applicable tool with which to interpret sediment supply

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21

Daglioglu, Yasar Mehmet. "A review of sediment-hosted gold deposits of the world with special emphasis on recent discoveries outside the U.S.A." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005609.

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Most of the Great Basin sediment-hosted gold deposits are located along well defined, northwest-striking trends. Trends coincide with faults, intrusive rocks and magnetic anomalies. Sedimentary host rocks are siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate, argillic, interbedded chert and shales. Silty bedded silty dolomites, limestone and carbonaceous shales are the most favourable hosts. High, and locally, low-angle faults are very important structural features related to the formation of the ore bodies. High-angle faults are conduits of hydrothermal fluids which react, shatter and prepare the favourable host rock. Decalcification, silicification, and argillization are the most common hydrothermal alteration types. Jasperoid (intense silica replacement) is a significant characteristic; not all of these deposits are gold-bearing. Most deposits contain both oxidized and unoxidized ore. Fine grained disseminated pyrite, arsenian pyrite, and carbonaceous material are the most common hosts for gold in many deposits. These deposits are also characterized by high Au/Ag ratios, notable absence of base metal and geochemical associations of Au, As, Sb, Hg, Ba and TI. Recently numerous sediment-hosted gold deposits have been recognized in different regions of the world. They vary in their size, grades, textwe, host rock lithology, degrees of structural control and chemical characteristics. However, they have many common features which are very similar to the general characteristics of sediment-hosted gold deposits in the Great Basin, U.S.A. Besides these similarities, several unusual features are recorded in some newly discovered deposits elsewhere, such as predominant fault controlled paleokarst related mineralization and the lack of two very common trace elements (Hg, TI) in Lobongan/Alason, Indonesia; and Early Proterozoic age metamorphosed host rocks and lack of Sb in Maoling, China. The discovery of the deep ores in the Post-Betze and Rabbit Canyon, Nevada, proposed sediment-hosted Au emplacement at deeper level (4 ± 2 km; Kuehn & Rose, 1995) combined with a lack of field evidence for paleowater table and paleosurface features has ruled out a shallow epithermal origin. Recent discoveries in other parts of the world throw important new light on the ongoing genetic problems. Intrusive rocks are present in nearly all sediment-hosted gold deposits. Numerous intrusion-centred districts worldwide are characterized by tWo or more different mineralization types and consequently by metal zoning. Sediment-hosted gold deposits are proposed as a distal part of intrusion-centred magmatic hydrothermal systems (Sillitoe &Bonham, 1990).

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22

Ramos-Scharrón, Carlos E. "Measuring and predicting erosion and sediment yields on St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands." Access citation, abstract and download form; downloadable file 11.78 Mb, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131697.

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23

Orton, Geoff. "Volcaniclastic sedimentation in a caradocian marginal basin, North Wales." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670339.

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24

Aalto, Rolf Erhart. "Geomorphic form and process of sediment flux within an active orogen : denudation of the Bolivian Andes and sediment conveyance across the Beni Foreland /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6718.

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25

Phelan, Patrick. "Investigation of enhanced soot deposition on smoke alarm horns." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-01075-121834/.

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26

Pasquel, H. Renan Fernando. "Stochastic prediction of sediment deposition in the Mazar Reservoir." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104532.

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27

Wizevich, Michael Charles. "Sedimentology and Regional Implications of Fluvial Quartzose Sandstones of the Lee Formation, Central Appalachian Basin." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-155406/.

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Nguyen, Alison L. Cronin Vincent S. Bonem Rena Mae Vodopich Darrell S. "Analysis of fracture system geometry on the Salt Valley Anticline, Paradox Basin, Utah." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4986.

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Hedrick, Lara B. "Evaluation of the impacts of highway construction on sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates in Appalachian streams." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5643.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 162 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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Peavy, Tara Uddin Ashraf. "Provenance of Lower Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation, Cahaba Basin, Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Geology_and_Geography/Thesis/Peavy_Tara_19.pdf.

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31

Alexander, Alan John. "Palynological, stratigraphic and chemical analyses of sediments in the Lothians with particular reference to the Lateglacial." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10626.

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Palynological and stratigraphic investigations have been conducted on sediment cores for three sites in Lothian Region, Scotland: Balgone House, Broxmouth and Corstorphine. All phases of the Lateglacial period, as far as they are manifested in the Lothians at the sites studied, have been investigated with particular reference to the Younger Dryas, the main Interstadial, or Allerod, and also the evidence for the colder conditions that preceded it which are presumed to represent Older Dryas-type vegetation. Further light has been cast on the development of the Postglacial broad - leaved forests. The Cambridge computer program POLLDATA MKV was used to perform the necessary calculations and controlled a graph plotter to generate pollen diagrams. A series of subroutines is described that translated the calls to the Cambridge graphics subroutine library. This may serve as a model for other installations. Objective numerical zonation methods are applied to the pollen data. These methods are used not only to zone the pollen series but also to aid in the generation of hypotheses regarding vegetation changes. Chemical analyses of the sediments from Balgone House were undertaken. The results obtained are at variance with those from published work and it is proposed that the reason is that the chemical pre-treatment of samples employed locally may be less efficient in leaching the cations from the mineral fraction.

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Noble, Taryn Lee. "Southern Ocean circulation and sediment sourcing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610485.

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33

Palacios, Zonia H. "Climate change as a controlling parameter in sediment supply : the Nile Province." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=195900.

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This project studies the relation between the amount of sediment deposited in the Nile Submarine Cone (NSC) and the influence exerted by external controls such as climate change. A detailed calculation of sediment volumes was performed as well as a detailed estimation between intervals in order to assess sedimentation rates and dry mass per Ma for the NSC from the Late Oligocene to Recent. In contrast to previous studies, this project presents for the first time detailed calculations for ten intervals from Late Oligocene to Re- cent, including calculations for Pre-Messinian deposits since they also play an important role in the evolution of the NSC and in the history of erosion and deposition processes in the Nile province. The results of this project evidenced a connection between climate change and the amount of sediment carried by rivers as well as its final fate. Sedimenta- tion rate values obtained for each interval showed an increase in sediment supply during the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene, coincident with the i) final uplift of the Ethiopian and Somalian plateaus, ii) the drop in temperatures that took in the northern hemisphere as a consequence of the growth of the ice sheets, and iii) the increase in rainfall in the Ethiopian Highlands as a consequence of the African and Indian Monsoon that produced sapropel deposits and eroded sediments in north-eastern Africa. Pre-Messinian intervals showed low sedimentation rates values compared to Post-Messinian associated probably with an elevated evapo-transpiration cycle reducing the rainfall in the Ethiopian Highlands, des- pite the humid conditions that were present during certain ages (e.g. Zeit Wet Phase Late Miocene).

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Wells, Colleen M. "Investigating coarse-grained glacio-fluvial outwash with ground penetrating radar (GPR), Harpursville, Susquehanna Valley, NY." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.

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35

Liu, Qunling. "Post mid-Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy and depositional history of northeastern Gulf of Mexico /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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36

Gillespie, Amy M. "Sediment sources associated with the Delaware and O'Shaughnessy reservoirs, Ohio." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1209597715.

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Shah, Bashir Hussain. "Land use optimization and sediment yield model for Siran Watershed (Pakistan)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191104.

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The main objective of this study is an assessment of the potential of applying land use optimization methods for minimizing the sediment yield from catchments. The study area is the Siran watershed, a subwatershed of the Tarbela watershed in Pakistan which drains directly into the Tarbela reservoir. It has an area of 4Ub sq. miles and receives 47.82 inches annual average precipitation. The main land use practices on the Siran Watershed are agriculture, rangeland grazing and forestry. A stochastic model for simulating daily precipitation and another for simulating daily maximum temperatures are developed for the area. The synthetic daily precipitation events are transformed into daily streamflows by the soil moisture counting streamflow model using the synthetic daily maximum temperatures as input. The streamtlow model, called the Generalized Streamflow Simulation System, is modified and used for simulating baseflow recessions. The stochastic precipitation model, the stochastic temperature model and the deterministic streamflow models were combined with the deterministic sediment yield model for simulating sediment yield from the watershed. The modified Universal Soil Loss Equation was used for simulating sediment yield. Parameters at these models were determined from data taken on the Siran Watershed. A linear program was used for land use optimization to minimize sediment yield and maximize watershed production. Both optimization processes ended up with the same land use areas allocating the Maximum area for forests. The expected sediment yield was reduced by 2.5 times and production of watershed was doubled. Optimization of crops was accomplished by maximizing the production of agriculture lands. This resulted in the allocation of major agriculture land areas for apple orchards. By adopting the final optimized land use practices, the sediment yield can be reduced to half and watershed production can be increased six times. The results of the present study are encouraging and indicate that application of land use optimization methods for reducing sediment yields nave great potential on the study area and on other subwatersheds of the Tarbela and Manyla Watersheds. The methodology developed in this study can provide a useful tool for watershed managers to reduce sediment yields and increase the income of the local inhabitants by maximizing the agriculture production in other parts of the country.

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38

Cooke, Steve Maurice 1959. "A physical model of reservoir sediment bypassing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277052.

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On average, one percent of reservoir storage capacity is lost annually to sediment deposition in reservoirs. Several methods for sediment removal do exist, but most are inefficient and costly in terms of money or water usage. One method known as siphoning has been shown to adequately remove sediment, but present knowledge is lacking to optimize this method for removal. Three relationships for sediment transport in a pipe were compared against data collected from a physical model resembling a reservoir siphoning system. None of the three accurately predicted the physical model results. However, some trends among the relationships were observed, indicating that with additional modification to the relationships, parameters could possibly be developed to design a prototype system.

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Sanousi, Sanousi Salem. "A method for assessing the use of small water impoundments for sediment detention and local water supplies on the Wadi Zarat watershed, northwestern Libya." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_240_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Hemer, Mark A. "The oceanographic influence of sedimentation on the continental shelf : a numerical comparison between tropical and Antarctic environments /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://adt.lib.utas.edu.au/public/adt-TU20051223.102442.

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Sawadogo, Ousmane. "Coupled fully three-dimensional mathematical modelling of sediment deposition and erosion in reservoirs." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96707.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The investigation of reservoir sedimentation has become an important and valuable research topic in engineering practice. Sediment deposition in reservoirs can affect ood levels, drainage for agriculture land, pumpstation and hydropower operation and navigation. An extensive review of the technical literature pertaining to suspended sediment transports as well as deposited sediment ushing from reservoirs has shown that most studies on sediment are still based on empirical formulas and experimental work, despite the availability of sophisticated computers. This is because sediment transport and particularly sediment deposition and erosion are complex processes, that involve the interaction of many physical factors which are not easily modelled numerically. In addition, most of the existing three-dimensional numerical models are not coupled hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. They first simulate the velocity field and water depth and then the concentration and bed change are calculated. Furthermore, they are not fully three-dimensional models for using layer-averaged approaches in conjunction with Saint-Venant equations. The key objective of the present research was to develop a coupled fully three-dimensional (3D) numerical model based on Navier-Stokes equations which includes both the sediment transport component and hydrodynamic parameters. In this regard, a physical model was set up in a laboratory ume in order to investigate the bottom outlet sediment ushing under pressure in a controlled environment. The proposed coupled fully 3D numerical model was used to simulate the experimental tests. Results from these simulations were in good agreement with the measurements. The geometric features of the scour hole (temporal and spatial hole development) upstream of the bottom outlet were reasonably well predicted compared to the experimental data. Furthermore, the velocity field upstream of the bottom outlet was in good agreement with measurements. The proposed numerical model can be considered reliable provided that the model is correctly set up to reflect the condition of a particular case study. Finally, the coupled fully 3D numerical model for turbulent suspended sediment transport in reservoirs was validated against a range of typical reservoir sediment transport and deposition laboratory flume cases. The proposed suspended sediment transport model successfully predicted both sediment deposition and entrainment processes and therefore, it can be used for turbulent suspended sediment transport assessments in reservoirs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ondersoek van damtoeslikking het 'n belangrike navorsing onderwerp in ingenieurswese praktyk geword. Sedimentdeponering in damme kan vloed vlakke, dreinering van landbo grond sowel as pompstasie en hidrokrag werking en navigasie benvloed. 'n Omvattende ontleding van die tegniese literatuur met betrekking tot gesuspendeerde sedimentvervoer asook die spoel van gedeponeerde sediment uit reservoirs het getoon dat die meeste studies oor sediment steeds op empiriese formules en eksperimentele werk gebaseer is, ten spyte van die beskikbaarheid van gesofistikeerde rekenaars. Dit is omdat sedimentvervoer en veral sedimentafsetting en -erosie komplekse prosesse is, wat die interaksie van baie fisiese faktore behels en nie moeiteloos numeries gemodelleer kan word nie. Daarbenewens, in die meeste van die bestaande drie -dimensionele numeriese modelle is die hidrodinamika en sedimentvervoer modelle nie gekoppel nie. Die numeriese modelle simuleer eerstens die snelheid veld en waterdiepte en dan word die sedimentkonsentrasie en bedverandering bereken. Verder is die bestaande modelle nie ten volle driedimensioneel nie, en gebruik laag-gemiddelde benadering in samewerking met Saint- Venant vergelykings. Die hoofdoelwit van die huidige navorsing was om 'n gekoppelde volle drie -dimensionele (3D) numeriese model gebaseer op Navier -Stokes-vergelykings wat beide die sediment vervoer komponent en hidrodinamiese parameters insluit, te ontwikkel. In hierdie verband is 'n fisiese model opgestel in 'n laboratorium kanaal om die bodem uitlaat spoel van sediment onder druk in 'n beheerde omgewing te ondersoek. Die voorgestelde gekoppelde 3D numeriese model is gebruik om die eksperimentele toetse na te boots. Resultate van hierdie simulasies het goed ooreengestem met die metings. Die geometriese eienskappe van die erosie gat (tyd en ruimtelike gatontwikkeling) stroomop van die bodemuitlaat was redelik goed voorspel vergeleke met die eksperimentele data. Verder is die snelheid veld stroomop van die bodem uitlaat ook goed voorspel. Die voorgestelde numeriese model kan beskou word as betroubaar met die wete dat die model korrek opgestel is om die toestand van 'n bepaalde gevallestudie te weerspiel. Ten slotte, is n gekoppelde 3D numeriese model vir turbulente gesuspendeerde sediment vervoer in reservoirs ontwikkel en getoets teen 'n reeks laboratorium kanaal eksperimente. Die voorgestelde gesuspendeerde sediment vervoer model voorspel suksesvol beide die sediment afsetting- en erosieprosesse en daarom kan dit gebruik word vir die simulasie van turbulente gesuspendeerde sediment vervoer in damme.

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Painter, Clayton S. "The Shannon Sandstone new observations and constraints applied to depositional models /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1799711431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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VanDeVelde, David Michael. "Interpretation of the depositional environment and paleoclimate of dinosaur sites, Bushy Basin Member of the Jurassic Morrison Formation, east-central Utah." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1155136956.

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Davis, Luke A. "Hydrography and bottom boundary layer dynamics : influence on inner shelf sediment mobility, Long Bay, NC /." Electronic version (PDF), 2006. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2006/davisl/lukedavis.pdf.

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45

Mondon, Jean-Luc Andre. "Analysis of the tectonic and basin evolution of the seychelles microcontinent during the mesozoic to cenozoic, based on seismic and well data." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4386.

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The Seychelles Microcontinent (SMc) is a fragment of continental lithosphere that experienced multiple phases of rifting and thermal subsidence during its isolation and submergence within the Indian Ocean. Originally part of central Gondwana, along with India and Madagascar, the SMc first emerged during Mesozoic fragmentation of Gondwana (ca. 220 – 180 Ma) along a complex rifted margin. Fragmentation involved three major rift phases, viz.: 1) Middle Triassic – Middle Jurassic (Rift I), associated with the “Karoo rifts” and break-up between [India-Madagascar-Seychelles] and East Africa; 2) Middle Jurassic – Early Cretaceous (Rift II), associated with the rifting and break-up of Madagascar from [India-Seychelles]; 3) Late Cretaceous (Rift III), associated with the rifting and final break-away of the SMc from India. In this study, the tectonic and sedimentary history of the SMc is analysed using 2D seismic reflection datasets and three exploration wells. Seismic to well-log correlations provide a chrono-stratigraphic framework that identifies seven sequences from the Middle Triassic to the Paleogene. This also identified horst and graben structures related to the extensional tectonics and thermal subsidence of this continental fragment. The latter is reflected also in changes of its litho-facies preserved on the SMc, from terrestrial to marine. The oldest sedimentary rocks identified on the SMc are Middle Triassic organic rich claystones (Sequence 7, Rift I), which grade upwards into alternating Upper Triassic sandstones and mudstones (Sequence 6, Rift I) followed by upward coarsening Lower Jurassic mudstones to sandstone units (Sequence 5, Rift I). These sequences are interpreted as lacustrine facies that evolved into fluvial channel migration facies and finally into progradational delta front facies. Sequence 5 is overlain by Middle Jurassic oolitic limestones that grade upwards into organic rich mudstones (Sequence 4, thermal subsidence after Rift I); the latter are interpreted as restricted-marginal marine deposits. Following Sequence 4, separated by a major break-up unconformity (BU), are the Upper Cretaceous open marine deposits comprising limestones, claystones and sandstones, and terminated with basaltic volcanics (ca. 66 Ma) prior to the separation of the SMc from India (Sequence 3, Rift III). This is overlain by the post-rift – thermal subsidence sequences comprising open marine claystones and shelf limestones (Sequence 2) followed by a sequence of shelf limestones (Sequence 1) that form the present carbonate platform, the Seychelles Plateau that lies approximately 200 m below the present sea-level. Backstripping and subsidence analysis quantifies 3 stages of subsidence; Phase A: Slow subsidence (ca. 5-20 m/Ma), from the Middle Jurassic to the Upper Cretaceous that terminated during a major marine transgression during ingression of the Tethys Sea between East Africa and [Madagascar-Seychelles-India]. This created marine conditions and the subsequent deposition of Sequences 4 and 3; Phase B: Accelerated subsidence (ca. 35-60 m/Ma) recorded throughout the Paleocene to the middle Eocene leading to deeper marine conditions and the subsequent deposition of Sequence 2; and Phase C: Reduced subsidence (ca. 10-30 m/Ma) following the interaction between the Carlsberg Ridge and the Reunion hotspot (ca. 55 Ma) that possibly introduced a reduction in subsidence and the subsequent deposition of Sequence 1 as the SMc drifted and thermally subsided to its submerged present location, and is now dominated mainly by marine carbonates. The effects of the Madagascar and Seychelles/India separation (ca. 84 Ma) are not observed in the subsidence analysis, possibly because it involved transcurrent-rotational movement between the two plates over a short period of time.

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Havens, David Loran Williams Harry. "Assessment of sediment runoff from natural gas well development sites." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3665.

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Rogers, Kerrylee. "Mangrove and saltmarsh surface elevation dynamics in relation to environmental variables in Southeastern Australia." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050816.145618/index.html.

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Maclean, Alison F. "The formation of valley-wall rock glaciers." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2797.

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In recent years, the study of rock glaciers has increased remarkably. Substantive progress has been made, particularly in understanding the formation of rock glaciers that have developed adjacent to existing or former valley or cirque glaciers, However, our understanding of valley-wall rock glaciers that are located at the base of talus slopes remains scant. Published work exhibits little consensus on the formation of valley-wall rock glaciers and several hypotheses remain under vigorous debate. The major objective of the research reported in this thesis has been to test the generality and feasibility of seven major models of valley-wall rock glacier formation using both empirical and theoretical evidence. The primary conclusion is that only one of these models, the segregation ice model, emerges as a general model of valley-wall rock glacier genesis. The model assumes that a thin layer or several thin layers of segregated ice are overlain by interstitially frozen sediments and an unfrozen mantle of coarse debris. A wide range of empirical and theoretical findings are shown to be consistent with the implications of the segregation ice model. Detailed observations on the morphology, sedimentology and distribution of active, inactive and relict valley-wall rock glaciers studied in Switzerland, northern Norway and Scotland provided a range of findings that support this model. Theoretical evidence was obtained by modelling a number of different density models that reflect different distribution of internal ice by applying a simple laminar flow equation to field measurements. Although only the segregation ice model appears to be valid at a general level, the possibility cannot be excluded of alternative modes of valley-wall rock glacier formation under particular circumstances. Snow avalanching, deformation of snowbank or matrix ice, and basal sliding under conditions of high hydrostatic pressure all constitute possible contributing mechanisms of formation and movement in particular cases.

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Lopez, Jimenez Ramon. "Sedimentary architecture of ancient submarine channel systems of the Maraş Basin (Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=233653.

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The topic of this thesis is the study of deposits from ancient submarine channel systems in the Miocene Maraş Basin (southern Turkey). The results show four independent systems in the form of slope channel complexes in the stratigraphic sequence of the basin. The present study focuses particularly on the reconstruction of the sedimentary architecture and palaeo-flow interpretation of the deposits of two of these systems: the Alikayası and the Karışık Systems. The approach followed was the architectural analysis scheme. The data from maps, sketches and logs was organized following a hierarchy of bounding surfaces as well as by the grouping of canyon/channel-fills according to key sedimentary attributes. The resultant sedimentary architecture of the Alikayası System suggests a fundamental control by the propagation of a submarine fold-and-thrust belt. The sedimentary architecture of the Alikayası System does not agree with generic hierarchical models proposed for the description of slope channel complexes. On the other hand, the Karışık System is interpreted as an intraslope system, which was dominated by submarine landslides and developed small channel systems, resulting in sequences of mass transport deposits and channel-fills. The propagation of a fold-and-thrust belt also controlled the sedimentary architecture of the Karışık System. All the systems identified in the Maraş Basin are interpreted to have been part of submarine channel systems connected to the shelf, transferring coarse-grained clastic sediments (e.g. gravel and sand) from the coast to the marine deepwater environment.

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Crowther, J. "Sediment redistribution in the Uilkraals estuary as a consequence of human disturbance." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17062.

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Bibliography: pages 131-139.
The construction of bridge embankments and other physical obstacles in estuaries has often resulted in the redistribution of sediments, which ultimately leads to detrimental impacts in these environments. The aim of this study is to investigate how the sediment distribution and dynamics within a specific estuary, the Uilkraals estuary, have been affected by human disturbance; focusing on the impacts arising from construction of two temporary embankments and a permanent bridge and embankment. The Uilkraals estuary is situated in the south-western Cape, approximately 60 kilometres north-west of Cape Agulhas. Human impact has been extensive and engineering projects of various sizes and permanence have marked the recent history of this estuary. A bridge and embankment which cross the estuary 800 m from the mouth were built in 1973. In 1978 an embankment was built between the bridge and the estuary mouth. A second embankment which replaced the first in 1980, was removed before the end of that year. Extensive dune reclamation occurred on the left bank between 1938 and 1973. The techniques used in the study include: (i) a quantitative analysis of all available aerial photographs from 1938 to 1987 (ii) a ground survey and (iii) core and surface sediment sampling. The quantitative analysis reveals that the major changes in estuarine characteristics have been in response to human disturbance. The contour map and cross-sections drawn from the ground survey indicate a build-up of sediment downstream of the bridge and scouring of the channel upstream. The latter suggests the dominance of the flood-tidal current in the estuary. The core sediment analyses are unable to distinguish any real difference in the modes of sediment deposition on either side of the bridge embankment. The embankment has, however, affected deposition by acting as a "hydraulic shelter" to sediment accumulated downstream of the bridge during high run-off events and by initiating deposition of sediment upstream of the embankment. The surface sample analyses indicate that there has been an increase in flow velocities in the vicinity of the bridge since its construction and that the major agents which bring marine sediment into the estuary are flood-tidal currents and wind. It is concluded that the sediment distribution and dynamics of the Uilkraals estuary have been affected by human disturbance. Recommendations for future management of the estuary are that no further embankments should be constructed in the estuary and that the construction of a culvert or culverts under the existing bridge embankment would alleviate a number of problems presently experienced in the estuary.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sedimentation and deposition – Vermont'

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