Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Securities and Exchange Commission'
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Shin, Hyundan. "The securities and exchange commission and equity issues." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259088014.
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Shin, Hyun-Han. "The Securities and Exchange Commission and Equity Issues /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487928649988513.
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Spansk, Mattis. "Europe Calls →FEBI eller ESEC? : - Financial European Bureau of InvestigationellerEuropean Securities and Exchange Commission." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-439573.
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Min ambition är att med aktuellt material samt med en handfull adekvata metoder pröva mintes om att det krävs en central europeisk myndighet, med såväl polis, åklagare som domstol,som är underställd justitiedepartementen med fullt mandat för att komma tillrätta med en utavvår tids största globala organiserade brottsligheter, Penningtvätt. Detta hotar samhälletsförtroende för kapitalmarknaderna, kan leda till finansiell systemkris och på det stora helasåledes vårt moderna sätt att leva. Samhällskontraktet mellan staten och dess medborgareutmanas. Människans innersta väsen, med en epigenetisk tillika predisponerad girighet står idirekt polemik med vårt sätt att på nations och unions vägar mitigera detta humana drag. Utanett skifte från förvaltningsrätten till straffrätten, med en verkställighet med tydligt preventivaoch direkt effektiva sanktioner som är större än ett ändrat arbetssätt och lite penningböter(som till slut diskonteras i Bankernas P/L kalkyler), så står inte dessa väl cementeradeinstitutioner till svars som en del utav en lösning. Inte heller är regleringen i form av lagar,regler och förordningar optimal, den borde kräva med [emfas] (direkt kausalitet) en vässadverkställighet och inte ett samordnande av artiklar, direktiv, regler och förslag. Bankerna,vågar jag påstå (stryk: att vi idag med all säkerhet kan stipulera), är en avgörande del avproblemet, vilket jag varken tror de vill eller skall så vara: de är en av nycklarna till lösningenpå problemet med penningtvätt. Alltså annorlunda uttryckt: hur får sheriffen kulor i revolvernoch hur får vi sheriffen att ta till mod för att stämma i bäcken? Sheriffen är härtillsynsmyndigheten. Hur skiftar vi paradigmet hos nyckelaktören: banken? Vad skulle kunnaskrämma banker och bankanställda till compliance/efterlevnad? Kan vi jämföra med och hurfår vi i så fall fram ett ställföreträdaransvar likt det sjukvården besitter?
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Conac, Pierre-Henri. "La régulation des marchés boursiers par la Commission des opérations de bourse (COB) et la "Securities and Exchange Commission" (SEC)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010257.
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La securities and exchange commission (SEC), aux États-Unis, et la commission des opérations de bourse (COB), en France, ont été créées pour assurer une mission de régulation des marchés boursiers. La régulation administrative consiste, dans le domaine des marchés boursiers, à assurer, de manière neutre c'est-à-dire non partisane politiquement, l'encadrement par le droit de cette sphère d'activité économique afin de veiller à son bon fonctionnement, spécialement en luttant contre les fraudes, et à la développer. Il n'est pas contestable que la SEC et la COB, chacune avec une propension particulière à privilégier l'un de ces deux objectifs, ont reussi dans leur mission. Elles ont transformé leurs marchés boursiers respectifs. Cependant, l'internationalisation des marchés boursiers a entraîné, comme par un retour de balancier, une transformation de la régulation administrative aux États-unis et en France. D'une part, la SEC et la COB ont mis en place des mécanismes de coopération administrative en matière d'enquêtes internationales. Ainsi, la régulation administrative n'est plus seulement structurée verticalement, avec des autorités publiques s'appuyant sur des autorités professionnelles, mais aussi horizontalement avec une coopération entre autorités publiques. D'autre part, l'internationalisation des marchés boursiers suscite un phénomène d'alignement du droit français, comme de celui des grands pays développés, sur le droit américain. Ce phénomène est, en définitive, plutôt positif car le droit boursier américain est, de tous les pays au monde, le plus protecteur pour les investisseurs. Cependant, le système américain de régulation n'est pas dénué de défauts, dans lesquels la COB devrait s'efforcer de ne pas tomber.
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Conac, Pierre-Henri. "La régulation des marchés boursiers par la Commission des opérations de bourse, COB et la Securities and exchange commission, SEC /." Paris : LGDJ, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389268212.
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DUBEUX, JULIO RAMALHO. "BRAZILIAN SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION AND THE MAIN LEGAL INSTRUMENTS USED TO REGULATE BRAZILIAN CAPITAL MARKET." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7668@1.
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As últimas décadas têm se caracterizado pela intervenção
estatal na economia
mediante a atuação de diversas entidades administrativas
reguladoras. A presente
dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a estrutura legal da
Comissão de Valores
Mobiliários (CVM) e os principais instrumentos usados para
a regulação do mercado de
capitais brasileiro. Seguindo o modelo regulatório norte-
americano, a CVM possui
desenho institucional de entidade reguladora independente.
A regulação que ela
estabelece segue os princípios da política de disclosure.
Para cumprir o seu papel, a
CVM se vale de instrumentos regulatórios de natureza
normativa, executiva e judicante.
O estudo sugere que a credibilidade e a eficiência do
mercado de capitais brasileiro
dependem, em grande medida, da capacidade da CVM de
conduzir a regulação do
mercado.The last decades have been characterized by state intervention in the economy through the activities of various regulatory administrative entities. This dissertation aims to analyze the legal structure of Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) and the main instruments used to regulate Brazilian capital market. Following the North-American regulatory model, CVM is established as an independent regulatory entity. The regulation that it enacts follows the principles of disclosure policy. To fulfill its mission, CVM makes use of legislative, executive and adjudicatory regulatory instruments. This study suggests that credibility and efficiency of Brazilian capital market depend, largely, on the ability of CVM to conduct market regulation.
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Lawal, Bello. "Securities and exchange commission code of best practices and the quality of corporate governance in Nigeria." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636818.
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This thesis examines the effects of board structure characteristics on firm performance within the context of the recommendations offered in the Securities and Exchange Commission's Code of Corporate Governance. The study adopts an integrated research framework combining four distinct theories including agency, stewardship, stakeholders and resource dependency models. The analyses were based on data drawn from a sample of 127 listed companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange covering a twelve-year period (1999-2010), an era of significant corporate governance evolution in Nigeria. Consistent with the directions of previous studies, six sets of hypotheses were tested on the presumed effects of board size, CEO duality, independence, directors' educational qualifications, professional experience and ethnicity, across multidimensional performance measures. Through the use of a moderating approach and the deployment of econometric tools that are barely used in management science research, the study offers new sets of gap-closing evidence on the relationship between these board structure elements and firm performance. Empirical findings from the three clusters of regression models show that board independence, directors' educational qualifications and professional experience are positively associated with firm value and the return on assets. Board size was found to be positively but statistically insignificantly linked to an increase in firm performance.
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Grobecker, Reeve. "The Effect of Shifting Cases from District Courts to Administrative Proceedings at the Securities and Exchange Commission." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2274.
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Using a set of 4708 observations, we analyze the impact of Dodd-Frank on shifting cases from federal courts to administrative courts. Overall, we find that there is a higher probability of a case being an administrative proceeding post Dodd-Frank. In addition, we find a higher average total payment for administrative proceedings post Dodd-Frank, and a lower average total payment for federal court cases post Dodd-Frank. We also find a higher average disgorgement payment for administrative proceedings post Dodd-Frank. While this finding could be the result of the SEC shifting more complex and thus higher paying cases from federal courts to its own, we find that the SEC is not shifting cases strictly away from federal courts that have the highest average payments. Higher average disgorgement payments are simply the result of the SEC litigating more cases with higher average payments in general. Lastly, we find a higher probability of settling for administrative proceedings overall. However, settlement rates for administrative proceedings decrease post Dodd-Frank. This finding reflects an overall decrease in the SEC’s “home court” advantage and undermines the argument that the SEC is shifting weaker cases to its own courts.
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Grosjean, Sophie. "La règlementation et la régulation de la Securities and Exchange Commission américaine : réflexions sur les dynamiques de la mondialisation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D068.
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La mondialisation, qui n’est ni l’internationalisation ni la globalisation, est un phénomène en perpétuelle mouvance mû par diverses dynamiques, interactions et interdépendances. La SEC, avec une stratégie unilatéraliste marquée, s’est elle-même adaptée aux évolutions et réactions internationales. Des vecteurs internes d’adaptation ont abouti au développement des caractéristiques de la réglementation de la SEC et sur l’interrégulation de celle-ci. Marques prégnantes d’un nationalisme juridique offensif, l’acculturation juridique de la SEC, ainsi que le développement tentaculaire et subtil de l’extraterritorialité, ont permis à la SEC de s’assurer un rôle moteur, prépondérant à l’échelle internationale, ouvrant la voie et stimulant, de manière positive ou par réaction, les échanges avec ses homologues. Si la SEC participe activement aux logiques de structuration du cadre juridique mondial, ces dynamiques sont parfois paradoxales, mais se complètent nécessairement. La concurrence entre régulateurs doit être dépassée pour privilégier les échanges et collaborations, l’exemple de la coopération transatlantique, elle-même multiforme, constitue un exemple de réussite susceptible de s’appliquer de manière plus large. D’autres pans du multilatéralisme permettent à la SEC d’évoluer et de se développer dans le cadre de la mondialisation financière : il s’agit, d’une part, des protocoles internationaux d’entente ou d’intention – dont elle est bien souvent à l’origine – ou encore de la coopération internationale dans le cadre d’actions juridictionnelles et, d’autre part, des mécanismes internationaux tendant à l’équivalence des réglementations financièresGlobalisation does not equals to internationalization : it constitutes a continuing dynamics moved by diverse interactions and interdependences. The US SEC together whith its significant unilateralist strategy adapted accordingly to international evolutions and reactions. Internal vehicles of adaptation gave rise to the developement of the SEC regulation caracteristics and to its inter-regulation. The SEC legal acculturation and its subtle and ribbon development of extrateritoriality are the direct consequences of the significant offensive legal nationalism of the US financial regulator. The US regulator becam accordingly a leader on the international scale and pioneered – directly or by reaction – exchanges with its foreign counterparts. The SEC actively participate in the structuring process of the worldwilde legal framework : those logics are sometimes paradoxical but necessarily complement one another. Competition among regulators should be avoided in order to favour exchanges and collaboration. The multifaced transatlantic cooperation is a perfect example of success likely to spread more broadly. Other multilateral aspects enable the SEC to evolve within the financial globalization context. Such is the case of multilateral memorandum of understanding and international agreements on enforcement actions and international mecanisms leading to the equivalence of local financial regulations
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Lyford, Henry. "Conflict of Interest?: Executive-Auditor Relationship and the Likelihood of a SEC-Prompted Restatement." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/39.
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This study examines the relationship between executives and their independent auditor to see if there is a conflict of interest in their interaction. This study was motivated by the meltdowns, partially caused by fraudulent accounting, of many public companies in the late 1990s and early 2000s and the consequent passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This study examines the variables of audit fees, fees for other services, and auditor tenure to see if they are connected with the occurrence of an SEC-prompted restatement. The results show no significant correlation between amount of fees and the likelihood of an SEC-prompted restatement but indicate a negative correlation between length of executive-auditor relationship and the occurrence of an SEC-prompted restatement.
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Taupin, Benjamin. "Le maintien institutionnel comme travail de justification : le cas de l'industrie de la notation du crédit." Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/8004.
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Le travail institutionnel de maintien n’a été que rarement étudié dans les analyses néoinstitutionnelles. Nous proposons d’instruire cette notion grâce à l’étude empirique de la notation de crédit. L’industrie de la notation de crédit est le lieu d’un paradoxe qui tient à l’opposition entre la vigoureuse résistance dont elle fait la preuve alors qu’elle est dans le même temps fortement critiquée. En nous basant sur l’approche des économies de la grandeur de Boltanski et Thévenot, nous procédons à l’analyse du travail institutionnel de justification réalisé par les acteurs lors des consultations publiques menées par la Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) américaine au cours de la décennie 2000-2010. Une étude qualitative de 340 commentaires a été réalisée à l’aide d’un codage assisté par le logiciel NVivo. L’analyse indique que les controverses ont permis la réaffirmation des principes de légitimité en vigueur, empêchant en pratique toute modification du statu quo. Lors de cette période, nous distinguons un premier travail de maintien résidant en une confirmation simple de l’existant, et un processus de maintien plus complexe et dynamique au cours duquel des logiques multiples sont agencées d’une manière entraînant la réaffirmation des principes de légitimité en vigueur et le rejet de toute logique étrangère au compromis en place. Le paradoxe de la notation de crédit précédemment établi doit donc être reconsidéré : la contestation de la notation nourrit précisément le maintien institutionnel dans l’industrie. Dans sa stabilité, il faut donc ici concevoir l’institution comme étant indissociable de sa contestationThe work of maintaining institutions has been barely studied by neo-institutional analysis. We propose to enrich this notion thanks to the empirical study of credit rating. The credit rating industry is characterized by a paradox that lies in the opposition between the permanence that comes with this phenomenon while it is strongly criticized. Based on the approach of Boltanski and Thévenot’s economies of worth, we carry out an analysis of the institutional work of justification performed by the actors at the time of the public consultations led by the American Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) during the 2000-2010 crisis of justification. A qualitative analysis of 340 comments was conducted using NVivo software. The analysis indicates that the controversies permitted a reaffirmation of the established legitimacy principles, impeding any actual modification of the status quo. During the considered period, we distinguish between a first work of maintenance, lying on a simple confirmation of what actually is, and a process of maintenance much more complex and dynamic, in which various logics are put together in a way that leads to the reaffirmation of the effective legitimacy principles and to the rejection of any logic not involved in the compromise. The previously enounced paradox of credit rating shall therefore be reconsidered: the contestation of rating is precisely fueling the institutional maintenance in the industry. In its stability, the institution is to be conceived here as inseparable from its contestation
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Ferreira, Laila Cristina Duarte. "Divulgação de informações no mercado de valores mobiliários brasileiro: a regulação da atividade jornalística." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-10012014-102009/.
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Em um mercado tão fortemente regulado como o de valores mobiliários, principalmente no que tange à divulgação de informações, é pertinente a indagação sobre a viabilidade de uma regulação específica sobre a atividade do jornalista especializado na área (o jornalista financeiro). O jornalista financeiro possui papel relevante neste mercado, pois atua na democratização da informação, atingindo, principalmente, os pequenos investidores. Todavia, a atividade jornalística, não realizada em conformidade com os objetivos do mercado de capitais, pode acarretar diversos problemas a este setor, advindos de conflitos de interesses, publicação de informações falsas, falta de conhecimento técnico sobre a matéria etc. Portanto, há necessidade de criação de normas de conduta que guiem os jornalistas a uma atuação ética e não atentatória aos princípios do mercado de valores mobiliários, incluindo o princípio da divulgação plena (full disclosure). Em 15 de agosto de 2007, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) decidiu colocar em pauta discussão sobre a regulação dos jornalistas financeiros, por meio da publicação do Edital de Audiência Pública nº 09/07 (Edital), que propunha a alteração da Instrução CVM n.° 388, de 30 de abril de 2003 (ICVM 388), norma que regulava a atividade dos analistas de valores mobiliários. Utilizando-se do Edital, a CVM, na qualidade de órgão regulador estatal do mercado de capitais, tentou criar o que ela denominou de safe harbor, i. e. um porto seguro para o exercício da profissão, distinguindo tal atividade daquelas exercidas pelos analistas de valores mobiliários. A minuta da ICVM 388 continha determinados requisitos que dispensariam o jornalista de ser registrado na CVM como analista, mesmo nos casos em que ele atuasse como tal. Não obstante, o Edital foi duramente criticado pelo mercado e as alterações propostas não se concretizaram. Atualmente, no Brasil, a atividade específica do jornalista financeiro não é regulada por qualquer órgão estatal ou autorregulador. O presente trabalho se valerá do estudo de casos práticos envolvendo a regulação estatal e a autorregulação, com o objetivo de encontrar soluções para a criação do melhor conjunto regulatório para o jornalismo financeiro. A discussão sobre a regulação do jornalista é polêmica, e deve ser concebida de forma que não afete a liberdade do jornalista e que, em nenhum momento, possa ser equiparada à censura, que anula o princípio da liberdade de expressão e da liberdade de imprensa tão arduamente conquistados no Brasil.In a market strongly regulated as the securities market, when making reference to the disclosure of information therein, it is important to inquire about the viability of a specific regulation on the activity of the journalist with expertise in such area (the financial journalist). The financial journalist plays an important role in this market, as he/she acts in the democratization of information, which may affect small investors. Thus, journalistic activity not performed in accordance with the objectives of the securities market may create several problems in this sector, which arise from conflicts of interest, publication of false information, lack of technical knowledge on the subject matter, amongst others. Therefore, it is necessary to create standards of conduct that guides journalists towards an ethical behavior which does not oppose the securities markets principles, including full disclosure. On 15 August 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Brazil (CVM) decided to open for public discussion the financial journalists regulation topic through the publication of the Public Hearing Notice No. 09/07 (the Notice), which proposed an amendment to the CVM Instruction No. 388 of April 30 2003 (\"ICVM 388\") rule which regulated the activity of securities analysts. Through the Notice, the CVM, in its capacity of securities regulator, tried to create what it called a \"safe harbor\" for the profession, distinguishing this activity from the one exercised by securities analysts. The draft of the ICVM 388 contained certain requirements that would excuse the journalist from registering with the CVM as an analyst, even in those cases where he/she acts as an analyst. Nevertheless, the Notice was strongly criticized by the market and the proposed changes were not carried through. In Brazil, the specific activity of the financial journalist is currently not regulated by any agency or self-regulatory organization. The present work will analyze some case studies involving governmental regulation and self-regulation, with the aim of finding solutions to create the best regulatory set for the financial journalism. The discussion which surrounds the journalists regulation is controversial. Such regulation shall be designed in a way which does not affect the freedom of the journalist and, at no time, can it be equated with censorship, which curtains the hardly conquered principles of freedom of expression and freedom of press.
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Almeida, Cesar de Alencar Leme de. "A atuação dos comitês de auditoria e conselhos fiscais nas empresas brasileiras sujeitas à regulamentação da SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission dos Estados Unidos da América." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1697.
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-09More and more, Brazilian companies have offered their securities to the investment public at international stock exchanges, especially the New York Stock Exchange. However, financially attractive to issuers as compared to other fund-raising sources, a public offering abroad calls for compliance with other regulatory requirements. In the case of the US, the financial scandals publicized early in this decade led to changes in money market regulations, with more stringent requirements on listed companies. Among the various requirements then imposed is the strengthening of Audit Committees for improvement of Corporate Governance practices. Because Audit Committees are not legally required under the Brazilian corporate legislation, the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM) together with authorities from other countries which do not have such commission agreed with the Securities & Exchange Commission SEC to replace Audit Committees with similar agencies; e.g., the Fiscal Council, in the case of Brazil. According to the SEC, as it is independent of the Administrative Council, the Fiscal Council might perform an Audit Committee s functions, providing that some of the latter s attributions are also taken over. Against this background, there are currently two groups of Brazilian, non-financial companies listed in the New York Stock Exchange, namely: one which voluntarily formed its Audit Committee, and one which maintained its Fiscal Council with expanded functions, now known as "Conselho Fiscal Turbinado" (Powered Fiscal Council). The study was primarily designed to identify the Brazilian companies listed at the NYSE New York Stock Exchange, and among them, those which formed their Audit Committee and those which maintained their Fiscal Council. A bibliographic survey was conducted to identify the differences between the Brazilian and the US capital markets, the attributions assigned to Audit Committees, and their compliance with the respective agencies´ Internal Regulations. Thus, it was possible to check for compliance with these attributions and the similarity of functions established by the Audit Committees and Fiscal Councils researched. The research findings prove that the attributions of these two agencies are homogeneous. Lastly, possible new academic studies on this subject are presented
Cada vez mais, empresas brasileiras têm lançado seus papéis nas bolsas de valores internacionais, em especial na Bolsa de Valores de New York. Ao mesmo tempo em que é atrativo financeiramente para as empresas o lançamento de seus papéis no exterior, comparativamente com outras fontes de recursos, algumas exigências estabelecidas pelos órgãos reguladores precisam ser atendidas. No caso norte-americano, os escândalos vividos no início desta década fizeram com que a legislação que regulamenta o funcionamento do mercado de capitais fosse alterada, introduzindo normas mais rígidas para as empresas de capital aberto. Entre as diversas exigências impostas, está o fortalecimento do Comitê de Auditoria no processo de melhoria das práticas de Governança Corporativa. O Comitê de Auditoria, por não estar previsto na legislação societária brasileira, fez com que a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, com outros países que também não possuem esse órgão, negociasse com a Security Exchange Commission SEC, a substituição do Comitê de Auditoria por órgãos assemelhados, no caso do Brasil, o Conselho Fiscal. A SEC entendeu que, por possuir independência em relação ao Conselho de Administração, o Conselho Fiscal poderia exercer as funções do Comitê de Auditoria, desde que algumas atribuições fossem a ele incorporadas. Diante desse cenário, existem atualmente dois grupos de empresas brasileiras, não financeiras, listadas na Bolsa de Valores de New York, aquele que constituiu o Comitê de Auditoria voluntariamente e o outro grupo que manteve o Conselho Fiscal com funções ampliadas, passando a ser conhecido como Conselho Fiscal Turbinado. O estudo consistiu primeiramente em identificar quais são as empresas brasileiras listadas na NYSE New York Stock Exchange. Entre essas empresas, quais instituíram o Comitê de Auditoria e quais mantiveram o Conselho Fiscal. Foi efetuado levantamento bibliográfico com o objetivo de apresentar as diferenças entre o mercado de capitais no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos da América, além de identificar as atribuições impostas aos Comitês de Auditoria, bem como a aderência dessas atribuições aos Regimentos Internos desses dois órgãos. Foi possível verificar não só o grau de atendimento em relação a essas atribuições, mas também o nível de similaridade de funções estabelecidas pelos Comitês de Auditoria e Conselhos Fiscais pesquisados. Os resultados da pesquisa comprovam, de forma inequívoca, que não há homogeneidade nas atribuições destes dois órgãos. Finalmente apresenta-se possíveis novos estudos acadêmicos que poderiam advir deste tema
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SILVA, PAULO FERREIRA DIAS DA. "THE BRAZILIAN SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CVM) AND BANKING SECRECY INTO YHE BRAZILIAN CONSTITUTION: BALANCE BETWEEN THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND THE DUTY TO PROTECT THE SAVINGS FROM THE GENERAL PUBLIC." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27763@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) é a entidade estatal que regula o mercado de valores mobiliários brasileiro (MVM). Tal função abrange uma ampla gama de ações, dentre as quais a edição e a promoção do cumprimento de normas incidentes sobre as atividades econômicas desenvolvidas no MVM, a apuração das infrações a essas normas e a aplicação de penalidades ao final do curso de processos administrativos. Algumas dessas infrações administrativas também configuram crimes na legislação brasileira. Trata-se de ofertas irregulares de investimentos ao público em geral, usos de informação privilegiada, modalidades de fraude ou manipulação de preços, sempre envolvendo a emissão e a negociação de valores mobiliários. Não raro, a definição da autoria dessas infrações, que de tão graves configuram crimes, depende da análise de dados relacionados à movimentação financeira de pessoas, físicas ou jurídicas, investigadas pela CVM. A possibilidade de acesso a dados dessa natureza foi examinada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) à luz do disposto no inciso XII do artigo quinto da Constituição Brasileira, dispositivo que consagra o sigilo de dados, mas também prevê o seu afastamento, desde que por ordem judicial, nas hipóteses e na forma que a lei estabelecer para fins de investigação criminal ou instrução processual penal. Ao debruçar-se sobre essa realidade, a presente dissertação procura verificar se o afastamento ou a inaplicabilidade do sigilo que protege a movimentação financeira das pessoas, a chamada quebra de sigilo bancário, quando destinada a espancar dúvidas sobre a autoria de infrações graves investigadas pela CVM, é juridicamente sustentável. Com esse intuito, esboça uma interpretação da Constituição Brasileira inspirada em princípios constitucionais universais e na moderna doutrina do direito civil constitucional europeu.
The Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) is the entity responsible to Securities market s regulation. For this function is needed a wide range actions, such as the edition and promotion the compliance with rules about the economic activities carried out in the securities market, investigation of violations of these rules as well the application of penalties in the ending of an administrative proceeding. Some of these administrative violations should also be characterized as a crime into the Brazilian Law. It is irregular investments offering for the general public, use of inside information and types of fraud or price manipulation, always in issuing and trading securities. It is not uncommon to the definition of authorship, so serious that configures such a crime, to depend of data collection and analysis regarding financial activities from individuals or entities submitted to a CVM investigation. The possibility to collect data regarding financial activities had been submitted to the Brazilian Supreme Court of Justice (STF) in the light of article fith, item XII, of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, that establishes the Data Secrecy protection, but also provides its deviation, however by court order, in hypothesis and under the rules established for the criminal investigation or criminal proceeding s instructions. When looking at this reality, the present thesis intends to verify if the inapplicability of the secrecy that protects the financial activities from individuals or entities, called breach of banking secrecy, when intended to repel doubts about the authorship of serious offenses that are being investigated by CVM, is legally sustainable. Thus, it delineates an interpretation of the Brazilian Federal Constitution equally inspired in constitutional law universal principles and by the modern civil constitutional law european doctrine.
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Sharma, Vineeta Divesh, and N/A. "The Effects of Independent Audit Committee Member Characteristics and Auditor Independence on Financial Restatements." Griffith University. Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071108.143642.
Full textAbstract:
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) continues to reform the corporate governance mechanisms in order to improve the quality of financial reporting and thus, enhance the confidence of investors in the stock market and in the accounting profession. Despite the efforts of the SEC, financial reporting scandals continue with record numbers of financial restatements documented by the General Accounting Office. A financial restatement is a correction of a previously misstated financial statement. There is a small volume of literature examining the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on financial restatements. The results of these studies however, are mixed and possibly explained by their narrow focus and omitted variables that could influence the effectiveness of audit committees. Consequently, this study examines the effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between the likelihood of financial restatements and: (1) the expertise of the independent audit committee members, (2) the expertise and diligence of the independent audit committee members, (3) the reputation of the independent audit committee members, (4) the interaction effect of expertise, diligence and reputation, (5) the tenure of the independent audit committee members, and (6) the cash compensation paid to independent audit committee members. Prior studies have not investigated some of these variables or the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics on financial restatements. This study also investigates the association between auditor independence and financial restatements. The SEC alleges that an increasing number of audit failures are due to the lack of auditor independence. One of the major sources of the lack of auditor independence is the auditors economic dependency on the client. The provision of non-audit services increases the financial reliance of the auditor on the client. As a result, the auditor may become reluctant to raise issues with the preparation of the financial statements at the risk of foregoing the lucrative non-audit services fees. The SEC believes that longer audit firm tenure can also impair auditor independence and Section 203 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act suggests periodic audit firm rotation. Therefore, auditor independence was measured as: (1) fees paid to the auditor, and (2) audit firm tenure. Finally, this study extends the prior literature by studying the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. This interaction effect is important because the external auditor and the audit committee are regarded vital governance mechanisms that interact and exchange dialogue in the performance of their respective oversight of the financial reporting process. Prior research has not investigated this important interaction effect. The sample of the study comprises 69 U.S. publicly listed companies that announced their restatement from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2002. These companies were matched with 69 non-restatement companies based on industry and size. The data for the study is derived from SEC filings such as Form 10-K and DEF 14A, and Compustat. The univariate results show that compared to restatement firms, non-restatement firms generally have effective audit committee characteristics. The audit committees of non-restatement firms have members who are experts, diligent, reputable and appropriately compensated. They also pay lower non-audit services and total fees, and have audit firms with longer tenure. The multivariate results show that after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, the likelihood of financial restatements is related to independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence. Specifically, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when independent audit committee members are: (1) experts, (2) experts and diligent, (3) reputable, (4) experts, diligent and reputable, and (5) appropriately compensated. The audit committee member tenure variable is insignificant. In relation to the auditor independence variables, the multivariate results show that the likelihood of financial restatements increases when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher. On the other hand, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when audit firm tenure is longer. The empirical results of this study suggest that independent audit committees are more effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting and auditing processes when: they comprise majority experts, they meet regularly, their members are reputable, and audit committee members are appropriately compensated. On the other hand, external auditors are not deemed to be effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting process when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher but are effective when audit firm tenure is long. The results support the SECs concerns regarding the provision of non-audit services impairing auditor independence. The results also support the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which under Section 201 prohibits external auditors from providing certain non-audit services to its audit client. Overall, these results support the regulatory efforts to increase the quality of financial reporting by enhancing the corporate governance process related to audit committees and auditor independence. However, the results do not support calls to limit the tenure of the auditor. The results of the multivariate interaction effects suggest that, after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher, the likelihood of financial restatements increases under conditions when the audit committee is not effective (a non expert audit committee, an audit committee that does not meet regularly, an audit committee whose members are not reputable or an audit committee that is not appropriately compensated). The implication of this result is that it provides evidence of conditions under which restatements take place. Knowledge of such conditions could aid regulators further improve the financial reporting process and corporate governance. This knowledge will support regulators in revising policies that ensure audit committee members are not only independent but also comprise other critical qualities. These improvements to the audit committee coupled with the existing regulations on the provision of non-audit services suggest a companys governance will be more effective. Overall, the results extend current knowledge in the sparse but growing literature related to financial restatements and corporate governance, and extend our understanding of the effectiveness and interaction of governance mechanisms in reducing financial restatements.
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Gabaï, Karine. "L' analyse financière en droit français à la lumière du droit européen et des droits anglais et nord-américain." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010276.
Full textAbstract:
Au début des années 2000, les scandales financiers ont altéré la confiance des investisseurs dans la valeur de la recherche en investissement. A la suite de la manifestation de biais récurrents dans la divulgation de la recherche, la réputation des analystes financiers a été entachée ainsi que leur compétence. Parce que ces acteurs économiques jouent un rôle fondamental dans la production et la transmission de l'information, qu'ils fournissent aux investisseurs de la recherche en investissement qui a de la valeur, ils exercent une influence considérable sur les marchés. Cette défiance à l'égard des analystes financiers fit émerger l'analyse financière au rang d'activité régulée dont la responsabilité peut être engagée. Un Chapitre Préliminaire s'interroge sur les spécificités et les sources de l'activité économique d'analyse financière. L'Organisation de l'activité est née d'une pluralité des démarches internationales (régulation, autorégulation et responsabilité) (Partie 1) Son Organisation individuelle et collective constitue un cadre de référence spécifique qui a engendré un objectif de rang supérieur, l'Analyse Financière Indépendante (Partie II), profession réglementée qui fournit un service à haute valeur ajoutée, donnant lieu à rémunération. Aujourd'hui, ce cadre, enjeu de Compétitivité de Place, s'appréhende dans une perspective globale de construction d'un modèle financier corrélè' à l'économie réelle et véhiculant des valeurs de transparence et d'éthique.
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Sharma, Vineeta Divesh. "The Effects of Independent Audit Committee Member Characteristics and Auditor Independence on Financial Restatements." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366715.
Full textAbstract:
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) continues to reform the corporate governance mechanisms in order to improve the quality of financial reporting and thus, enhance the confidence of investors in the stock market and in the accounting profession. Despite the efforts of the SEC, financial reporting scandals continue with record numbers of financial restatements documented by the General Accounting Office. A financial restatement is a correction of a previously misstated financial statement. There is a small volume of literature examining the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on financial restatements. The results of these studies however, are mixed and possibly explained by their narrow focus and omitted variables that could influence the effectiveness of audit committees. Consequently, this study examines the effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between the likelihood of financial restatements and: (1) the expertise of the independent audit committee members, (2) the expertise and diligence of the independent audit committee members, (3) the reputation of the independent audit committee members, (4) the interaction effect of expertise, diligence and reputation, (5) the tenure of the independent audit committee members, and (6) the cash compensation paid to independent audit committee members. Prior studies have not investigated some of these variables or the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics on financial restatements. This study also investigates the association between auditor independence and financial restatements. The SEC alleges that an increasing number of audit failures are due to the lack of auditor independence. One of the major sources of the lack of auditor independence is the auditor’s economic dependency on the client. The provision of non-audit services increases the financial reliance of the auditor on the client. As a result, the auditor may become reluctant to raise issues with the preparation of the financial statements at the risk of foregoing the lucrative non-audit services fees. The SEC believes that longer audit firm tenure can also impair auditor independence and Section 203 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act suggests periodic audit firm rotation. Therefore, auditor independence was measured as: (1) fees paid to the auditor, and (2) audit firm tenure. Finally, this study extends the prior literature by studying the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. This interaction effect is important because the external auditor and the audit committee are regarded vital governance mechanisms that interact and exchange dialogue in the performance of their respective oversight of the financial reporting process. Prior research has not investigated this important interaction effect. The sample of the study comprises 69 U.S. publicly listed companies that announced their restatement from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2002. These companies were matched with 69 non-restatement companies based on industry and size. The data for the study is derived from SEC filings such as Form 10-K and DEF 14A, and Compustat. The univariate results show that compared to restatement firms, non-restatement firms generally have effective audit committee characteristics. The audit committees of non-restatement firms have members who are experts, diligent, reputable and appropriately compensated. They also pay lower non-audit services and total fees, and have audit firms with longer tenure. The multivariate results show that after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, the likelihood of financial restatements is related to independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence. Specifically, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when independent audit committee members are: (1) experts, (2) experts and diligent, (3) reputable, (4) experts, diligent and reputable, and (5) appropriately compensated. The audit committee member tenure variable is insignificant. In relation to the auditor independence variables, the multivariate results show that the likelihood of financial restatements increases when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher. On the other hand, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when audit firm tenure is longer. The empirical results of this study suggest that independent audit committees are more effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting and auditing processes when: they comprise majority experts, they meet regularly, their members are reputable, and audit committee members are appropriately compensated. On the other hand, external auditors are not deemed to be effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting process when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher but are effective when audit firm tenure is long. The results support the SEC’s concerns regarding the provision of non-audit services impairing auditor independence. The results also support the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which under Section 201 prohibits external auditors from providing certain non-audit services to its audit client. Overall, these results support the regulatory efforts to increase the quality of financial reporting by enhancing the corporate governance process related to audit committees and auditor independence. However, the results do not support calls to limit the tenure of the auditor. The results of the multivariate interaction effects suggest that, after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher, the likelihood of financial restatements increases under conditions when the audit committee is not effective (a non expert audit committee, an audit committee that does not meet regularly, an audit committee whose members are not reputable or an audit committee that is not appropriately compensated). The implication of this result is that it provides evidence of conditions under which restatements take place. Knowledge of such conditions could aid regulators further improve the financial reporting process and corporate governance. This knowledge will support regulators in revising policies that ensure audit committee members are not only independent but also comprise other critical qualities. These improvements to the audit committee coupled with the existing regulations on the provision of non-audit services suggest a company’s governance will be more effective. Overall, the results extend current knowledge in the sparse but growing literature related to financial restatements and corporate governance, and extend our understanding of the effectiveness and interaction of governance mechanisms in reducing financial restatements.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics
Griffith Business School
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Costa, Isac Silveira da. "High frequency trading (HFT) em câmera lenta: compreender para regular." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20720.
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Submitted by Isac Costa (isac.costa@gmail.com) on 2018-03-29T03:00:24Z
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COSTA, Isac. HFT - Compreender para Regular (2018).pdf: 2204316 bytes, checksum: 34d586d9b8bca337d4f2631f417e7c8d (MD5)Rejected by Katia Menezes de Souza (katia.menezes@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Isac, Para que possamos aprovar seu trabalho são necessários alguns ajustes conforme norma ABNT/APA. ESTRUTURA: Capa (obrigatório) – No final da página a informação “2018” deverá constar abaixo da frase “São Paulo” e não ao lado como consta atualmente. Ficha catalográfica – Excluir a informação “presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Por meio da bolsa Mário Henrique Simonsen de Ensino e Pesquisa” Folha de aprovação- Não deverá conter a ata e sim um modelo anexo. Outra situação que detectamos é que no espaço de uma página para outra a algumas folhas em branco, favor exclui-las. Após os ajustes excluir o pdf já postado e submete-lo novamente para analise e aprovação. Qualquer dúvida estamos à disposição, Att. on 2018-04-02T20:20:05Z (GMT)
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High frequency trading (HFT) é uma técnica de negociação baseada em algoritmos que pode implementar estratégias variadas, das quais resultam um elevado número intradiário de mensagens enviadas aos sistemas de negociação das bolsas. High frequency traders (HFTs) são protagonistas no mercado secundário em termos de número de ofertas e negócios. Neste texto, procuramos definir os contornos deste já não tão novo fenômeno e os riscos a ele associados. Investigamos os objetivos pretendidos pela regulação, as regras aplicáveis e as dificuldades associadas a cada um delas. Assim, podemos avaliar se, no direito brasileiro, é necessário editar uma nova norma ou atualizar normas existentes e discutir qual poderia ser o seu conteúdo. A formulação de respostas regulatórias toma como ponto de partida os pressupostos teóricos do funcionamento do mercado de capitais, suas funções econômicas e o modo pelo qual o direito pode contribuir para que estas funções sejam desempenhadas adequadamente. Um estudo crítico dos HFTs nos permite examinar os riscos associados à sua atividade e à negociação algorítmica de um modo geral, bem como repensar o funcionamento do mercado, os objetivos da sua regulação e como estes podem ser alcançados. É imprescindível que seja realizado um esforço para a compreensão adequada de novas tecnologias que chegam ao mercado, avaliando seus riscos antes que seja disseminado um discurso de alarde ou medo. Este estudo também procura oferecer uma descrição atualizada do funcionamento do mercado secundário de capitais e como as tecnologias mais recentes influenciaram a dinâmica das negociações.
High frequency trading (HFT) is a kind of algorithmic trading which implements several strategies that result in a high number of intraday messages that are sent to exchanges and other trading venues. High frequency traders (HFTs) are key players in secondary markets given the number of orders and trades they generate. In this text, we explore the boundaries of this phenomenon and the associated risks. We investigate the regulation goals, the mechanisms to achieve such goals and the obstacles ahead. Then we evaluate whether it is necessary to create new rules or update the existing ones in Brazilian law – and what these new rules could be. The formulation of regulatory responses start with the analysis of a theoretical framework for the dynamics of capital markets, its economic functions and how Law can play a key part in this scenario. A critical study of HFTs enables us to assess its risks along with the risks of algorithmic trading in general, and, in addition, it is an invitation to rethinking how the market works, the goals that regulation can pursue and how they can be achieved. Understanding new technologies that emerge in capital markets is paramount before any risk assessment discussions in order to prevent hype and panic. This work also aims to provide an up to date description of the secondary market dynamics and how state-of-art trading technologies reshaped it.
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Silva, Anderson Rodrigues da. "Aspectos regulatórios da bolsa de valores no Brasil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20876.
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Anderson Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 678300 bytes, checksum: 39f8f1ad9d537878a75d76630333f2b0 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T12:13:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 678300 bytes, checksum: 39f8f1ad9d537878a75d76630333f2b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23
Over the past decades, technological advances have been so significant, that it was not possible to accurately measure such effects; however, it is possible to say that communities worldwide have been transformed. Such transformation brought an impact on stock exchanges around the world as well as at the development of the capital market. It can be said that all areas of social interaction have been reached, ranging from the way people relate to each other, to the way the investors trade their shares on the stock exchanges. The purpose of this article is to analyse the development of the Brazilian stock exchange, its main aspects and characteristics, the way in which its regulation is made, its self-regulation, the securities market and the essential role of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), in favor of the market and its investors, in view of its significant social impact
Nas últimas décadas, o avanço tecnológico foi tão significativo que ainda não se sabe ao certo qual será o seu alcance, mas é possível afirmar que toda a sociedade foi transformada. Tal transformação teve impacto nas bolsas de valores ao redor do mundo e no desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais. Pode-se dizer que todas as áreas sociais foram atingidas, compreendendo desde a forma de as pessoas se relacionarem até o modo como negociam ações nas bolsas de valores. O objetivo do presente estudo será abordar o desenvolvimento da bolsa de valores no Brasil, seus principais aspectos e características, a forma como é feita sua regulamentação, sua autorregulação, o mercado de valores mobiliários e o papel essencial da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários a bem desse mercado e dos investidores, tendo em vista o seu relevante impacto social
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Tanji, Márcia. "Mercado de capitais brasileiro e tutela coletiva dos interesses." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-03052010-095553/.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar em que medida os instrumentos para a tutela coletiva de interesses transindividuais previstos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, em especial a ação coletiva, podem contribuir para o fortalecimento do mercado de capitais. Apresenta-se inicialmente a evolução histórica do mercado de capitais brasileiro. É apresentado o debate doutrinário a respeito das principais justificativas para a regulação e auto-regulação do mercado de capitais, seguido do panorama dos instrumentos atribuídos pelo legislador brasileiro à Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, às entidades autoreguladoras e aos investidores. O trabalho também trata da experiência norte-americana acerca das securities class actions, da atuação da Securities and Exchange Commission, e da possibilidade de aplicação das soluções desenvolvidas naquele país ao mercado de capitais brasileiro. Apresentam-se a evolução legislativa sobre os instrumentos de tutela coletiva e a análise sobre a utilização destes instrumentos atualmente, suas virtudes e limitações, com o objetivo de identificar os elementos para a sua adequada aplicação.The purpose of this study is to analyze how the collective litigation tools available in the Brazilian legal system, particularly the class actions, may contribute to the strengthening of the Brazilian capital market. This study first discusses the historical evolution of the Brazilian capital market and the doctrinaire debate about the main rehaznos for regulation and self-regulation of capital market, followed by a brief description of the tools provided by Brazilians lawmarkers to the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários), as well as to the self-regulatory entibies and investors. This study also explores the United States experience of securities class actions, the role of Securities and Exchange Commission and the possibility of application of the solutions designed in the United States of America to the Brazilian capital market. This study presents the legislative evolution of collective litigation tools and the analysis of their current uses, advantages and limitations in order to identify the elements for its suitable application.
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Rosa, Maria Eduarda Fleck da. "O poder normativo da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-20032013-140738/.
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A presente dissertação tem por objeto a análise do poder normativo da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, que pautar-se-á pelo estudo da Teoria Geral do Direito. Para isso, contribuições de diversos campos do conhecimento serão utilizadas, tais como a teoria analítica da norma, a lógica deôntica, a teoria da linguagem, bem como aportes advindos de outras áreas do conhecimento, como da ciência econômica. Ao longo do trabalho, procuraremos responder a três perguntas chaves que, para o que aqui nos propusemos, serão de grande valia na fixação dos limites a serem observados pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários no exercício de seu poder normativo. A primeira pergunta que responderemos refere-se à finalidade da regulação no mercado de capitais. Para isso, perquiriremos os motivos que ensejaram a concepção da Comissão, bem como o que se buscava por meio de sua criação. Com isso, demonstraremos que a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários nasce em um ambiente de crise, no qual se buscava restaurar a credibilidade e a segurança do mercado de capitais, por meio da criação de um órgão disciplinador especializado. A segunda pergunta que nos propusemos a responder, nos remete à natureza jurídica da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários. Abordaremos, para isso, o tratamento dado pela doutrina aos órgãos reguladores para, ao final, justificar que sua natureza de autarquia sob regime especial a ela conferiu status de agência reguladora. Por fim, a última questão busca tratar dos limites legais e constitucionais a serem observados pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários no exercício de seu poder normativo. Para isso, verificaremos as competências, atribuições e deveres que foram por lei conferidos à Comissão, de forma a concluir que se está diante de um órgão de competência híbrida. Explica-se. Nas situações expressamente previstas nas Leis n.o 6.385/1976 e n.o 6.404/1976, caberá à Comissão fazer uso de seu poder regulamentar, a fim de, por meio da operacionalização dos comandos legais, dar o fiel cumprimento às regras ali contidas, nos termos do espírito de sua criação, veiculado nos incisos do artigo 4o, da Lei n.o 6.385/1976, bem como no quanto disposto na Constituição Federal. De outra banda, nos casos que não aqueles expressamente previstos nas Leis n.o 6.385/1976 e n.o 6.404/1976, mas ainda assim intrínseca e legalmente ligados ao mercado de capitais, poderá a Comissão de Valores Mobiliário, no uso de sua competência suplementar reguladora, inovar no sistema, de forma a integrar lacunas na ausência de norma específica legal, a fim de conferir ao mercado eficiência, e a seus agentes segurança jurídica. O exercício desta competência suplementar, a exemplo da competência regulamentar, será também pautado pelos mesmos limites do artigo 4o, da Lei n.o 6.385/1976 e da Constituição Federal.The present dissertation aims to analyze the normative power of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (\"Comissão de Valores Mobiliários\") from a Jurisprudential point of view, which means an application of several epistemic tools such as the analytical theory of the norm, deontic logic, philosophy of language and economics in order to accomplish this academic enterprise. There are three key issues to define the threshold of CVMs normative power. The first one is what are capital market regulation main goals and the reasons that lead to the creation of CVM and its mission. The second one is the actual legal status of CVM as a special autarquia and regulatory agency. Finally the statutory and constitutional limits to the normative powers of CVM are analyzed to realize it has a hybrid normative power: partly creating norms to give effectiveness to some sections of Laws n.o 6.385/1976 and n.o 6.404/1976, according to specific statutory and constitutional dispositions; and partly acting as a typical regulatory agency to create independent norms to ensure market efficiency and legal certainty.
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Bartholow, Janet Lee Hahn. "An Empirical Study of Insider Behaviors: Affiliated Insiders, and Legislative and Enforcement Efforts." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1511537806198499.
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Almeida, David de. "Desafios tributários ao financiamento das sociedades empresariais por meio de instrumentos financeiros híbridos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20695.
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Após a introdução do International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') no Brasil por meio da Lei nº 11.638/2007, a discussão acerca da classificação contábil dos instrumentos financeiros híbridos como dívida ou patrimônio se intensificou. Isso porque a introdução do IFRS no Brasil não foi acompanhada da alteração ou reavaliação dos instrumentos financeiros previstos na Lei das Sociedades por Ações (Lei 6.404/1976). Nesse ínterim, sociedades empresarias foram obrigadas a contabilizar no passivo valores anteriormente contabilizados no patrimônio líquido. No caso das companhias abertas, a CVM requereu a reelaboração das demonstrações financeiras de 5 (cinco) sociedades cujos instrumentos financeiros híbridos foram classificados no patrimônio líquido, ao invés do passivo. A prática tributária não se mantém ao largo dessa discussão. Não obstante a publicação da Lei 12.973/2014, que, em tese, neutralizou os efeitos tributários dos novos métodos e critérios contábeis, a reelaboração da demonstração financeira por determinação da CVM traz consequências tributárias não reguladas pelo legislador, tais como alteração do lucro líquido, limite de subcapitalização e método de equivalência patrimonial. Diante da utilização pelo direito tributário de institutos, conceitos e formas de direito privado, tais como lucro e patrimônio líquido, o que se propõe a analisar são os efeitos tributários decorrentes da reelaboração da demonstração financeira determinada pela CVM.
After the establishment of the International Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') in Brazil by means of Law nº 11.638/2007, the discussion about the accounting classification of financial hybrid instruments as debt or equity was intensified considering that this establishment was not followed by amendment or reassessment of financial instruments provided by the Business Corporation Law (Law nº 6.404/1976). In the meantime, business enterprises were obliged to record under liabilities numbers previously recorded under shareholders´ equity. In the case of listed companies, the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM') required the re-elaboration of financial statements from 5 (five) corporations which financial hybrid instruments were classified under shareholders´ equity and not under liabilities. The tax practice does not distance itself from this discussion. Despite the publication of Law nº 12.973/2014, that, in theory, neutralized the tax effects of the new methodology and accounting criteria, the re-elaboration of financial statements determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM') has tax consequences not regulated by the legislator, such as net profit change, undercapitalization limit and equity method. Considering the use by tax law of standards, concepts and forms from private law, such as profit and shareholder´s equity, what is proposed to be analyzed are the tax effects generated by the re-elaboration of financial statements determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission ('CVM').
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Zanotta, Alexandre. "Regulação e auto-regulação no mercado de capitais brasileiro." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9113.
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This work intends to bring a contribution for the debate about the adequacy of the current regulation system of the Brazilian capital markets and to propose a solution for its enhancement, with the intention to increase the number and the quality of the transactions held in such market, and to make them safer for investors. In this context, it will only be analyzed the aspects of regulation and self-regulation in the segment of the financial system governed by Law nr. 6385/76, as amended, i.e., aspects exclusively related to the national securities market. The purpose hereby proposed is to present and discuss, in a comprehensive manner, the legal aspects related to regulation and self-regulation in the Brazilian capital markets, from the comprehension of the concept of regulation and its related aspects, including its characteristics and limits, as well as the characteristics of the regulatory power in our capital markets, demonstrating that the exercise of regulatory function by the Executive Power is legally valid in the Brazilian juridical system. The topic of self-regulation was analyzed bearing in mind not only its general characteristics, but also its specific characteristics related to the Brazilian capital markets, including the legal rationale for the exercise of self-regulation power by private entities, the relationship between the Brazilian Securities Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários) and mentioned entities, the analysis of the Stock Exchanges activities and the analysis of factual events related to self-regulation in the securities market of Brazil. Thus, the intention hereby was to demonstrate that the safer and more adequate alternative for the development of the Brazilian securities market is a greater balance between regulation and self-regulation, with the increase of the participation of self-regulation in our capital markets.
Este trabalho tem por objetivo trazer uma contribuição para o debate em torno da adequação do atual sistema de regulação do mercado de capitais brasileiro e apontar uma solução para sua melhora, de forma a aumentar o número e a qualidade das operações realizadas em referido mercado e torná-las mais seguras para os investidores. Nesse contexto, somente serão analisados os aspectos da regulação e da auto-regulação no segmento do sistema financeiro disciplinado pela Lei nº 6.385/76, conforme alterada, ou seja, aspectos relativos exclusivamente ao mercado de valores mobiliários nacional. A finalidade aqui proposta é apresentar e discutir, de forma abrangente, os aspectos jurídicos relacionados à regulação e à auto-regulação no mercado de capitais no Brasil, partindo da compreensão do conceito de regulação e dos aspectos a ele relacionados, incluindo suas características e limites, bem como as características do poder regulamentar em nosso mercado de capitais, demonstrando que o exercício de função normativa pelo Poder Executivo é juridicamente válido no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O tema da auto-regulação foi analisado tendo em vista não apenas suas características gerais, como também suas características específicas no mercado de capitais brasileiro, incluindo a fundamentação legal do exercício do poder de auto-regulação por entidades privadas, a relação entre a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários e referidas entidades, a análise das atividades das Bolsas de Valores e a análise de casos concretos atuais pertinentes à auto-regulação no mercado de valores mobiliários no Brasil. Assim, pretendeu-se demonstrar que a alternativa mais segura e adequada ao desenvolvimento do mercado de valores mobiliários brasileiro é um maior equilíbrio entre a regulação e a auto-regulação, com o aumento da participação da auto-regulação em nosso mercado de capitais.
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Nicolielo, Nícolas Cesar Juliano Butros Prestes. "O instituto de benefício particular nas assembléias gerais de sociedades anônimas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-12022014-110753/.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo traçar os principais contornos do instituto do benefício particular, positivado na legislação brasileira por meio do artigo 115, §1º, da Lei n. 6.404/76, diferenciando-o do instituto relativo ao interesse conflitante nas sociedades, insculpido no mesmo dispositivo supra citado. A partir da análise do Direito Comparado, constatou-se que o benefício particular, tal como o conhecemos hoje no Brasil, tem origem na legislação francesa, especificamente nas Leis de 17 de julho de 1956 e 24 de julho de 1867. Os contornos de sua conceituação, portanto, estão intimamente ligados às razões de ordem histórica e teleológica que levaram o legislador estrangeiro a criá-lo, o qual visava, à época, afastar os abusos e inconveniências decorrentes da aprovação, em assembleia, de vantagens especiais e exclusivas pelo próprio sócio beneficiário dessas vantagens. Complementarmente, por meio da análise e interpretação sistemática da legislação societária brasileira e de outras fontes de direito disponibilizadas, como a doutrina e a jurisprudência, pôde-se definir algumas das características mais marcantes do instituto, das quais se pode destacar a licitude, a gratuidade e o caráter social das vantagens a ele associadas, garantindo ao beneficiado acesso aos fundos sociais. Em paralelo, para fins de mera comparação com o instituto do benefício particular, foram abordados alguns aspectos relativos ao instituto do conflito de interesses, reafirmando conceitos doutrinários já sedimentados acerca do alcance do interesse social e procurando, a partir da análise da legislação brasileira e comparada, fixar alguns elementos intrínsecos a esse instituto, tal como a ilicitude e o caráter extrassocial da vantagem visada pelo acionista conflitado. Comparando as características do benefício particular e do conflito de interesses, pode-se concluir que, apesar da aparente semelhança que carregam, tratam-se de institutos distintos, que regulam situações diversas, não podendo ser confundidos ou tomados um pelo outro, sendo possível, de fato, se estabelecer um critério relativamente seguro para distingui-los entre si, conferindo uma maior segurança jurídica aos aplicadores do direito, evitando-se, assim, algumas interpretações equivocadas acerca dos institutos, tais como aqueles constantes nos posicionamentos da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários analisados ao final desse trabalho.The current paper has the sole purpose of designing the main lines of the private benefits regulation, reaffirmed by means of Act 115, §1st, in the Brazilian law number 6.404/76, distinguishing it from institutions that relate to conflicting partnership interests, comprehended by the same aforementioned Act. From assessing the Paired Law regulation, it has been understood that the private benefits, such as it is currently recognized in Brazil, is based on the French legislation, more specifically on the July 17, 1956 and July 24, 1867 Acts. Therefore, the contours of its conceptualism are intimately connected to historic and teleological reasoning that took the foreign regulator to create it and which aimed, at that time, to keep away abuse and inconveniences resulting from the approval, in an shareholders meeting, of special and exclusive advantages by their own beneficiary parties. In addition, by means of systematically assessing and interpreting the Brazilian Corporate Law and other Law resources made available, such as the Law doctrine and jurisprudence, it was possible to determine some of the most outstanding characteristics of such an institute, among which the lawfulness, gratuity and social character of the advantages associated with it can be highlighted, thus assuring the access of the beneficiary party to social funds. In parallel, by means of solely comparing the private benefits regulation, some aspects regarding the conflict of interests were also assessed, reaffirming doctrine concepts about the reach of social interests that are already established and trying to determine, by means of analyzing the Brazilian Corporate Law and Paired Law, some of the elements that are inherent to that establishment, such as its wrongfulness and the extrasocial character of the advantage pledged by the conflicting party. By pairing the characteristics of private benefits and the conflict of interests, it is concluded that, despite their apparent similarities, those are distinct institutes that regulate diverse situations, which cannot be confused or taken by one another and, in fact, it is possible to establish a relatively safe criteria to differentiate both, thus providing greater judicial accuracy to Law enforcers, and this way avoiding misinterpretation of regulation, such as those that are common to the positioning of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission that are analyzed in the end of this paper.
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Garner, Steve A. "A Study of Firm Location to Examine Disclosures and Governance Using a Dual Approach: Quantitative Analysis Based Upon the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Qualitative Analysis of the Annual Report’s Management Discussion and Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799474/.
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The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the effect of U.S. firms’ geographic location, whether urban or rural, on their corporate disclosure and governance practices. An “urban” firm is one that is headquartered in a large metropolitan area; whereas, a “rural” firm is one that is headquartered some distance from any metropolitan area. Specifically, the study examines whether there are different stock market reactions to urban and rural firms around key event dates relative to the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) on July 30, 2002. Also, the readability and linguistic style in the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section of public company’s annual reports (Form 10-K) to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) are investigated to determine whether urban and rural firms communicate information differently to investors.
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Zhu, Hong. "Reforming the China Securities Regulatory Commission, towards efficient and effective regulation of China's securities markets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ44080.pdf.
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Zhu, Hong 1968. "Reforming the China Securities Regulatory Commission : towards efficient and effective regulation of China's securities markets." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20146.
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Today, China's securities markets are facing a number of regulatory problems. Many central regulatory problems arise from the fragmented regulatory system, which is not effectively structured to further the goals of securities legislation.The purpose of this thesis is to review, and make recommendations in respect of, the securities regulatory system in China with particular attention to the regulatory role of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC).
After examining the characteristics of China's securities market development and identifying existing problems in the regulatory system, the thesis adopts a broad outlook through a comparative survey of securities regulators in selected jurisdictions in seeking appropriate resolutions to China's regulatory concerns.
Specific substantive reform proposals for improving the regulatory system and in particular the CSRC are subsequently presented. The overriding theme of the proposals is the need for a more effective CSRC, one that would be able to provide efficient and adequate regulation of China's securities markets.
The law in this thesis is stated as of July 1996.
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Kornik, Jonathan. "Predicting extreme performers on the JSE securities exchange." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11142.
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Includes bibliographical references.In this context, this thesis builds on the prior literature on extreme performance by Reinganum (1988), Glickman, DiRienzo and Ochman (2001), O'Neil (2002) and Dong, Duan and Jang (2003), where an extreme winner (loser) is a stock which at least doubles (halves) in a twelve month period. The research is conducted on the JSE Securities Exchange over the ten year period from January 1995 until December 2004. The dataset employed contains monthly data for 213 companies listed on this exchange, incorporating 7807 (5397) unique company months of extreme gain (loss). The data are adjusted for look-ahead bias but not survivorship bias.
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Vimolsiri, Porametee Carleton University Dissertation Economics. "Three essays on the securities exchange of Thailand." Ottawa, 1994.
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Huang, Yuqin. "Two essays on the exchange-listed volatility derivatives." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43278711.
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IIJIMA, YOSHIHIKO. "RISK DISCLOSURE IN SECURITIES EXCHANGE AND MEDICAL TREATMENT CONTRACTS." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11337.
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Nyirenda, Mandhlaenkosi. "Board composition in companies listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25622.
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It is necessary to address the nature of board composition in the South African economy because boards of directors are the lead indicator of whether or not the transformation initiatives put in place since 1994 are effective in bringing about meaningful change in the society within which we live. Companies are a microcosm of society. A hundred randomly selected companies were used to provide demographic data which was used in the analysis for this study. The aim was to identify what constitutes a typical board of directors for a Johannesburg Securities Exchange listed company by measuring dimensions of gender, race, tenure, independence and board size attributes. Findings from this research will help companies to better understand the role they can play in leveling the playing field by enabling more black people and white females to fulfil their potential and become directors of companies. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Huang, Yuqin, and 黃瑜琴. "Two essays on the exchange-listed volatility derivatives." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43278711.
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Gelderblom, Christo. "JSE securities exchange : is there a justification for low voting shares?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20750.
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A Research Report presented to the Graduate School of Business of the University of Stelienbosch in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business AdministrationThesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2006.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Certain companies in South Africa have dual classes of shares listed on the JSE Securities Exchange i.e. ordinary shares and N shares. Ordinary listed shares, nonmally holds one vote per share, are referred to as superior voting shares. Restricted voting shares have restricted voting benefits to the shareholders, in some cases one vote casting for thousand shares held. Some companies have listed N shares on the JSE Securities Exchange; these are the South African shares with restricted voting powers. A total of 34 companies have issued low voting shares in South Africa, 2 companies started as far back as 1990. Naspers Limited is the only company that has listed only low voting shares. This study investigates the justification for companies issuing low voting shares by comparing the price performance of these shares and also investigates the justification for shares with restricted voting rights. Tests are conducted to detenmine whether a premium is paid for South African superior voting shares by comparing the share prices of superior voting shares and restricted voting shares on the same day of trading on the JSE Securities Exchange. Various parties in the South African business community have opinions and arguments against and in favour of low voting shares; the reasons for the issuing of low voting shares are under scrutiny. In addition to the above mentioned tests the factors influencing the voting premium have also been investigated. The benefits of restricted shares are also investigated. The results of tests conducted on dual share classes trading in South Africa are compared with the results of similar studies on share price information of dual share classes trading on international stock exchanges. The findings of the study are: Ordinary listed shares are trading at a premium comparing to restricted voting shares, in South Africa the premium is calculated at 9.83%; The payment of dividends to shareholders does not influence the share premium; The ratio of ordinary shares in relation to total shares issued does not influence the VRP of a company; The capitalisation of company, in other words the outstanding number of ordinary shares valued at the market price, does not influence the voting premium; and Companies being controlled by families or major shareholding groups are more likely to issue shares with restricted voting rights; The conclusion of the study is that the limited benefits are offered to the owners of the companies that have issued the dual classes of shares and not to the investors' public. These owners of superior voting shares have utilised restricted voting shares to remain in control of the companies and get access to relative cheap investors funding. Restricted voting shares' popularity declined to the end of 1992, the phenomenon is consistent with demise of restricted voting shares in France
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sommige Suid Afrikaanse genoteerde maatskappye het verskillende klasse aandele genoteer op JSE Securities Exchange. Daar word tel kens na gewone genoteerde aandele verwys as aandele met superieure stem reg, die aandele sal sonder uitsondering een stem hou vir elke uitgereikte gewone aandeel. In Suid-Afrika staan aandele met beperkte stem reg bekend as N-aandele. Die betrokke aandele het nie dieselfde stem reg voordele as gewone aandele nie en kan tot een stem per duisend uitgereikte aandele dra. 'n Totaal van 34 maatskappye het beide klasse aandele genoteer, Naspers Beperk is die enigste maatskappy wat slegs aandele met beperkte stemreg genoteer het. Die verhandeling ondersoek of daar enige geldige rede is vir die uitreiking van aandele met beperkte stem reg. 'n Ondersoek word geloods deur te kyk na die prysgedrag van die twee verskillende tipes aandele naamlik gewone en Naandele. Die redes vir enige prysafwykings word ook ondersoek. 'n Vergelykings tussen die aandelepryse van aandele met superieure stemreg en aandele met beperke stemreg (soos genoteer op die JSE Securities Exchange) word gedoen om te bepaal of aandele met superieure stem reg teen 'n premie verhandel. Verskeie partye het argumente en opinies teen en ten gunste van die gebruik van aandele met beperkte stemreg. die redes vir die uitreiking van aandele met beperkte stem reg word onder die vergrootglas geplaas. In Verdere ondersoek na die faktore wat verantwoordelik kon wees vir die premieverskil tussen aandeelpryse van aandele met superior stemregte en aandele met beperkte stemregte word ook gedoen. Daar word ook ondersoek of daar enige voardele is vir die uitreik van aandele met beperkte stemreg. Die studie sluit af met 'n vergelyking van die resultate in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse beleggingingomgewing met die resultate van soorgelyke studies wat gedoen is op aandeleinligting van verskeie intemasionale aandelebeurse waar aandele met beide superieure en beperkte stem reg genoteer is. Die bevindinge van die studie is as volg: Gewone genoteerde aandele (aandele met superieure stemreg) soos genoteer op die JSE Securities Exchange verhandel teen 'n premie van 9.83% oor die tydperk onder oorskou in vergelyking met aandele met beperkte stemreg. Die beta ling van dividende aan aandeelhouers speel geen rol op die grootte van die pryspremie in die verhandeling van gewone genoteerde aandele en aandele met beperkte stem reg. Die verhouding tussen gewone aandele in verhouding to totale aandele uitgereik speel nie 'n rol in die grote van die pryspremie nie; Die kapitalisasie van die maatskappye, met ander word die uitstaande gewone genoteerde aandele teen markprys, speel geen rol in die graolle van die pryspremie nie; en Die aandeelhouersstruktuur speel 'n ral in die uitreiking van aandele met beperkte stemreg. Maatskappye wat beheer word deur families of graot houermaatskappye is geneig om aandele met beperkte stemreg uit te reik. Die gevolgtrekking van die studie is dat aandele met beperkte stemreg wei voordele het, in die geval nie vir die breer beleggingspubliek nie maar wei vir persone of instansies in beheer van die spesifieke maatskappye met beide klasse aandele. Aandele met beperkte stemreg is gebruik am toegang te verkry tot goedkoop befondsing sander am beheer van die maatskappye te verloor. Aandele met beperkte stemreg se gewildheid het begin afneem, nie net in Suid-Afrika nie maar oak in Frankryk waar baie maatskappye besluil hel om weg Ie doen mel die soort aandele.
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Munetsi, Raramai Patience. "Testing the influence of herding behaviour on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6815.
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Magister Commercii - MComSince the discovery of herding behaviour in financial markets in the 1990s, it has become an area of interest for many investors, practitioners and scholars. Herding behaviour occurs when investors and market participants trade in the same direction during the same time period, as a result of the influence of other investors. Studies on herding behaviour have been undertaken in both the developed and developing economies and majority of these studies have confirmed the existence of herding behaviour in the stock markets. Despite its tremendous growth, the South African financial markets are not immune to such market anomaly. Herding behaviour on the JSE was first investigated in 2002 focusing in the unit trust industry on the South African stock market. Motivated by this, this study assessed the presence of herding behaviour using the Johannesburg Securities Exchange tradable sector indices. Four indices were employed, namely Financials, Industrials and Resources and were benchmarked against the JSE All Share Index for the period from January 2007 to December 2017. The industrials index ((FINI15) constitutes of 25 largest industrial stocks by market capitalization, the financials index (FINI15) comprises of 15 largest financial stocks by market capitalization, the resources index (RESI10) which represents 10 largest resources stocks by market capitalization and lastly the FTSE/JSE All Share Index defined as a market capitalization-weighted index which is made up of 150 JSE listed companies and is the largest index in terms of size and overall value JSE. The FTSE/JSE All Share Index was used as a benchmark for investors to check how volatile an investment is. The South African economy experienced the effects of the 2008 global financial crisis from 01 July 2007 to 31 August 2009. This study split the examination period into three categories namely before the global financial crises which was the period starting from 1 January 2007 to 30 June 2007, then the period during the global financial crisis which was from 1 July 2007 to 31 August 2009 and lastly the period after the global financial crises which was from 1 September 2009 to 31 December 2017. Apart from the diversity of the indices, the length of the examination period also had a significant influence towards the magnitude of herding behaviour on the JSE.
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Robertson, Michael N. "Firm-specific attributes and the cross-section of JSE securities exchange returns." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8785.
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Includes bibliographical references.The empirical counterpart of a theory of asset prices is a model of the cross-section of security returns. Empirical tests of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965), Mossin (1966) and Black (1972) using cross-sectional methodologies have identified numerous cases where variables apart from beta explain expected returns. Initially termed 'anomalies', these empirical violations of the theory are frequently associated with firm-specific attribute data. Traditional views of market efficiency however rule out the ability to predict risk-adjusted asset returns and the source and exploitability of these anomalies remains controversial. This thesis empirically investigates the cross-sectional relationship between twenty-four firm-specific attributes and stock returns on the JSE Securities Exchange (JSE). The results are evaluated to determine whether they conform to the predictions of the CAPM and a two factor Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model suggested by prior research. In monthly univariate tests similar to Fama and MacBeth (1973), price-to-NAV, dividend yield, price-to-earnings, cashflow-to-price, price-to-profit and size are found to have statistically significant predictive power in the cross-section of returns using monthly data from July 1990 to June 2000. After conducting risk-adjustments using both the CAPM and a two factor APT model these effects are found to persist. Multivariate testing suggests a two factor model with the size and price-to-earnings attributes as explanatory variables. When the cross-sectional tests are compared across the broad industry sectors of the JSE, value effects are observed as being stronger in the financial-industrial sector than in the resource sector, the small size effect is roughly the same across sectors while the premium earned by higher debt levels is negative across all sectors except the financial sector. The results are not reconcilable with the predictions of the CAPM. Simulated portfolios constructed using a methodology similar to Fama and French (1992) reveal that beta, if anything, is inversely related to average returns on the JSE. Contrary to the international evidence, greater average returns accruing to small and low price-to- earnings firms are not commensurate with higher betas. Controlling for the small size and low price-to-earnings effects does not improve the explanatory power of beta. An application of the Daniel and Titman (1997) methodology suggests that average returns on the JSE are not compensation for factor risk, but instead are associated with the exposure to the attributes themselves. The findings of this study present a serious empirical challenge for covariance-based asset pricing models on the JSE.
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Bisagaya, Andrew. "Examining the adequacy of South African off-exchange equity securities trading regulation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27489.
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The recent years have seen the recognition of Multilateral Trading Facilities and Alternative Trading avenues in the American and European stock markets. This was required as the markets had grown and regulators were left perpetually behind their needs. This paper looks at whether South Africa has any such facilities/avenues and whether they are adequately regulated. These facilities/avenues allow investors to trade in equity securities away from the exchange on which they are listed. With their increased use however, there are policy concerns that arise that revolve around; price discovery, investor protection, market fragmentation, fair competition and access. It is these concerns that regulators aim to address. The law in South Africa is clear that there are no other legally recognised avenues to trade listed equity securities other than on the exchange on which they are listed. The equities market in South Africa is also comparatively smaller compared to its international counterparts, therefore it is difficult to assess whether there are persons in the business of providing an infrastructure for trading listed securities away from the exchange. Furthermore, they would be doing so illegally thus making monitoring it harder. This paper analyses the laws in the United States and the United Kingdom and uses the work of various authors to examine the policy concerns that arise with the increased use of these trading avenues and how these concerns were addressed. Finally, the paper proposes that the South African regulators should make changes in line with the international counterparts as the market grows.
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Strugnell, Dave. "Beta, size and value effects on the JSE Securities Exchange, 1994-2007." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5806.
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Treptow, Felix. "The economics of demutualization : an empirical analysis of the securities exchange industry /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2006. https://www.lib.umn.edu/slog.phtml?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=134360.
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Wu, Di. "The New York Stock Exchange/Euronext merge." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3309.
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Liu, Shinhua. "Overseas stock listings and delistings : causes and effects /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025636.
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Watermeyer, Renen. "The JSE Stock Exchange News Service : the impact of SENS announcements on trading activity on the JSE securities exchange." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11418.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-92).Almost all models of market behaviour in some way or another, suppose some causality between news or information, and market prices. This study seeks to explore the relationship between information and the behaviour of investors. Specifically, it will examine the impact of Stock Exchange News Service Announcements (SENS Announcements) on trading volumes.
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Lu, You 1972. "The significance of foreign exchange risk in the international real estate securities investment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32201.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-112).
Traditionally, international real estate investments are mainly conducted through direct investments in foreign properties. Due to the recent securitization and globalization trends in the real estate capital markets, the international real estate securities investment has been growing fast and gaining more popularity than the direct real estate investment because of its absence of the portfolio management and monitoring problems. Foreign exchange risk exposure is inevitable for the international investments. To minimize the foreign exchange risk and hedge investment returns, investors have been spending a huge amount of time and money on developing and implementing currency hedging strategies without paying enough attention on studying and testing the significance of the foreign exchange risk. Since there is no doubt about the existence of the foreign exchange risk, the importance of studying foreign exchange risk is to avoid unnecessary hedging costs. By forming 6 study questions, applying the international real estate securities market indexes & U.S. financial market data, structuring Arbitrage Pricing Models, and performing hypothesis testing for 13 countries and 3 regions, the thesis studied the significance of foreign exchange risk in international real estate securities investment from different angles, including: 1. Is the foreign exchange risk significant across time? 2. Does the significance of foreign exchange risk change across time? 3. Is the foreign exchange risk significant on an equally weighted portfolio basis? 4. Does the significance of foreign exchange risk change across time on an equally weighted portfolio basis? 5. Is the foreign exchange risk significant on an optimally weighted portfolio basis? 6. Does the significance of foreign exchange risk change across time on an optimally weighted portfolio basis?
by You Lu.
S.M.
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Kornik, David. "The relationship between annual earnings and share returns on the JSE Securities Exchange." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5626.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-99).This research study investigates whether the relationship between accounting earnings and share returns observed predominantly in New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) studies also holds on the modern-day JSE Securities Exchange (“JSE”). Since the JSE is a relatively small stock exchange in comparison to the NYSE, with substantially different characteristics, the nature of the relationship may differ between the two exchanges. The study finds empirical evidence that this relationship between earnings and share returns is the same. As on the NYSE, accounting earnings disclosures in South Africa are found to have significant information content. Evidence is obtained which shows that accounting earnings do capture a significant portion of the information reflected in share returns, although they are not a timely source of information.
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Venkatraman, Pearl. "The share price reaction to credit rating announcements on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/52345.
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This report examines the JSE for any inefficiency that may exist with regard to the information content of credit rating announcements. Specifically, it tests the extent to which credit rating actions have an impact on share returns; the extent to which the credit rating agency influences abnormal returns; and finally the extent to which firm size impacts abnormal returns within the context of credit ratings announcements.
An event study methodology was performed on 364 credit rating announcements of listed companies on the JSE between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2013 in order to analyse the resulting share price cumulative average abnormal returns. These abnormal returns were then tested for significance at the 1 per cent significance level via a Monte Carlo bootstrap simulation.
The results of this report show that the JSE is indeed inefficient when pricing in new information that result from credit rating announcements, and this is evident in three separate pieces of informational content. First, in the long-run credit rating downgrades (upgrades) have a significant negative (insignificant positive) impact on abnormal returns. Second, the ratings announcements of Moody s, Standard & Poor s and Global Credit Ratings Co. all exhibit significant (negative) abnormal returns, whilst those of Fitch are positive in the long-run. Finally, smaller firms are found to generate significant (negative) abnormal returns within the context of credit ratings announcements in the long run.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
sn2016
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Al-hussieni, Sami. "Exchange listing and shareholder wealth: Canadian evidence." Ottawa, 1998.
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YU, CHIH-HUANG, and 游志煌. "A Study on the Protection of Securities Fraud Investors – Focus on Reinforcing the Enforcement Tools of our Securities Regualtor by reference to the US Securities and Exchange Commission." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24xuzh.
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博士東吳大學
法律學系
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The effective enforcement of the securities regulation depends on the joint efforts of the investors, securities regulator and the prosecutors. It appears that the legal mechanism for the enforcement of the securities regulation in Taiwan focuses more on civil remedies and criminal prosecution for recent years. With respect to the criminal prosecution, the Securities and Exchange Act has been revised twice since 1988 to elevate the criminal liabilities of the securities fraud. However, according to several empirical studies, the prosecution rate, conviction rate and final criminal liabilities for the securities fraud are comparatively low. In addition, it takes years for the prosecutor to bring the criminal case to the final judgment. As a result, there is room to discuss whether the securities fraud should be subject to criminal liabilities alone, or whether the securities regulator may concurrently take administrative actions, such as imposing administrative fines, to punish the wrongdoers. Regarding the civil liabilities, the Securities Investors Protection Act and the Securities Investor Protection Center created thereunder were in place from 2002 to take class action on behalf of investors. In addition, the Securities Investors Protection Center may take provisional attachment and provisional enforcement without posting bonds. It appears that the Securities Investor Protection Center plays the role like the Enforcement Division of the US Securities and Exchange Commission to actively advocate investors. Moreover, Article 10-1 was added to the Securities Investor Protection Act authorizing the Securities Investor Protection Center to file derivative suit as well as take action to remove the directors and supervisors of the company. However, the Securities Investors Protection Center does not have the law enforcement power. The investigation of the Securities Investors Protection Center into the cases largely depends on the data and information from the Financial Supervisory Commission and the prosecutors. As such, the timing of taking class action is normally delayed. In addition, there are limited cases where the Securities Investors Protection Center successfully took provisional attachment on the assets of the defendant. It is not surprising that after years of lawsuits, the defendant may not have assets available for compensating the investors' claims. Furthermore, the Securities Investors Protection Center prevailed in just a few cases of removing the directors and supervisors of the company. Compared to the US Securities and Exchange Commission, the Securities Investors Protection Center has no authority to initiate a lawsuit to impose civil penalties or claim the disgorgement of unlawful benefits. The securities regulator has the law enforcement power and expertise to bear the responsibility for enforcing laws against the securities frauds and taking enforcement action at the first moment. The enforcement tools, including injunction, disgorgement, civil penalty, fair fund, debarment and asset freeze, are usually used by the US Securities and Exchange Commission as the sanction mechanism to customize the remedies for the securities frauds. Considering that the manpower and resources of the securities regulator in Taiwan are limited, we propose taking a step by step approach to reinforce the enforcement power of the Taiwanese securities regulator. In the short term, we may consider introducing those enforcement tools that we have similar counterparts in our legal system, including imposing the administrative penalties and debarment orders. In the mid term, we may consider introducing the enforcement tools, including the disgorgement of unlawful benefits and the asset freeze order. In the long term, we may carefully assess whether the introduction of injunction is helpful to complete the enforcement arsenal of the securities regulator. In addition, certain enforcement tools of the securities regulator are complementary to those of the Securities Investors Protection Center and the prosecutors. By establishing certain coordination protocol and taking into consideration the factors such as the materiality and urgency of the case and the remedies suitable for the case, the securities regulator may work hand in hand with the Securities Investors Protection Center and the prosecutors to take appropriate enforcement action in each individual case.
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Curling, Michelle Lisa. "Mandatory 10-K amendments and strategic disclosure an examination of firms under review by the securities and exchange commission /." 2006. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1410/index.html.
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Sivolella, John Joseph. "Do Politics Matter to this Watchdog? The Effects of Ideology on Civil Enforcement at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission." Thesis, 2013. https://doi.org/10.7916/D86979XG.
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My goal in this dissertation is to examine whether the political ideology of the federal courts, as well as the ideology of political principals in Congress and the executive branch, affect the decision making and behavior of an independent U.S. agency. The agency's decision making pertains specifically to the application of its powers both directly through its politically appointed leadership and bureaucrats, and indirectly through a private litigation regime, in a policy area - civil enforcement - that should normatively be mostly free from politics. As a foundation for the study, I analyze the public civil enforcement program and related policy and procedural components of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to determine whether political ideology - and other factors - influence the agency's strategic decision making and behavior relating to its direct bureaucratic powers of civil prosecution. I generally focus the analysis on the SEC's selection of forum in enforcement cases. My research examines whether the agency is less likely to utilize the forum of federal court for civil enforcement actions, and will opt instead for an administrative forum, when the ideology of the court that will likely hear a case is conservative, and whether the agency is more likely to utilize the federal court system when the ideology of the court that will likely hear a case is liberal. My analysis supports a conclusion that although the characteristics of individual civil enforcement cases play a prominent role in the SEC's strategic decision making, the impact of political ideology is significant and comparable in magnitude. The data analysis reveals that the ideology of the lower federal courts at the district level is a material factor in the strategic decision making of the SEC in its enforcement program. It also shows that the politics of some of the agency's political principals -congressional committees responsible for the oversight and annual budget of the SEC - significantly affect the agency's strategic enforcement behavior. This element of my research extends a line of political science literature that analyzes who controls the federal bureaucracy. I then use a different research perspective to broaden my analysis of the SEC's enforcement behavior by examining its measured role in private securities litigation as a strategic extension of its public civil enforcement program, and explain how the agency carefully leverages the private regime to help achieve its enforcement mission. In this part of the dissertation, I conclude that the SEC actively and directly participates in the private enforcement regime through a strategic program of filing amicus curiae briefs, and participates indirectly through the fruits of its public civil enforcement litigation. This component of the dissertation rounds out my analysis by revealing an unexpected strategic dimension the agency leverages to achieve its mission.