Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Seconde Guerre mondiale en Pologne'
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Gayme, Évelyne. "L'image des prisonniers de guerre français de la Seconde guerre mondiale : 1940-2000." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100127.
Full textContrarily to World War One prisoners of war, those of World War Two have never been forgotten. Owing to the movie La Grande Illusion, which came out in 1937 and again in 1946, prisoners were in all minds, especially as every family knew a prisoner personally. A basic image spread, in which the French people recognized themselves : prisoners were victims, average Frenchmen. This image was created during the war and carried on, owing to movies, literature and the self-censored witnesses who agreed with the existing image. As prisoners of war feared they had to justify themselves for the French defeat, censored themselves and selected the tales they chose to tell. However the public opinion's view was only negative during summer and autumn of 1945, on account of the Pétain trial. But prisoners of war were officially proclaimed fighting men as from 1949. This image, though constantly present in society, did not alter much and at that only with the abilities of identification and the expectations of the French people. The prisoner of war was an ordinary man facing the gaullien resistant during the Sixties. He hated war while decolonization took place. He proved that the enemy could be human even when the Cold War demonized the Other. During the Fifties, a minority among senior prisoners rose against this image, which did not show their private sufferings and the values in which they believed. The prisoners chose the Seventies to reestablish a more realistic picture of what they had lived through and enlightered the dark hours of World War Two. Unsuccessfully : the French people being unable to identify with too specific an image. Nowadays, senior prisoners argue that each one of their experience was so unique that no one image can reflect the diversity or their traumas
Martin, Léa. "Zone grise des politiques d'occupation et de la politique identitaire nationale-socialiste à l'égard des populations allemandes à l'étranger : le cas des prétendus représentants de la "germanité" du district de Lublin (1939-1945)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NANU2002.
Full textThis work provides an overview of research on a specific category of the Polish population who lived in the district of Lublin under Nazi occupation. According to Nazi racial ideology, these Volksdeutsche were naturally German through their ancestry. However, Nazi authorities encountered various problems in trying to actually identify these people. Physical beings with a conceptual identity that was both erratic and fallacious, the so-called representatives of Germanity in Poland personify how central the question of identity can be under the exceptional conditions of war ; not only for those who impose racial definitions but also for those who are affected by them
Bunout, Estelle. "Les regards experts sur l’Est en Allemagne et en Pologne : émergence, cristallisation et révision (1918-1972)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0392/document.
Full textThe First World War was the catalyst for social and technical changes, which gave rise to new administrative needs, materialized by the emergence of a new social group: that of the experts. In modern German and Polish states, a particular group of experts stands out, specializing in a theme with deep cultural roots: eastern Europe.The changes of regime and territory between 1918 and 1972 destabilize the frame of reference of the German and Polish societies, particularly between 1939 and 1945. However, the historiography of Eastern German sciences (Ostforschung) emphasizes the personal, institutional and conceptual continuity in the expertise of the East from the "Third Reich" to West Germany. In East Germany and Poland, on the contrary, the change of regime after 1945 renders any continuity impossible, but the question of the evolution of the thought on the East in the circles of the expertise, which maintained, remains asked.By going beyond the analysis of expertise in terms of subordination to the various political regimes to which it is addressed, we highlight the specificities of Eastern expertise. It is characterized by a double anchoring in the collective imagination and in contemporary scientific practices, to express a political goal. This anchorage explains the inertia in the German and Polish conceptions of the East. The comparatist approach emphasizes both the diversity of Eastern conceptions and the comparable social functions of the East, particularly that of the enemy and the space of national projection, past and future
MICHELET, LOUIS-CHRIST. "Reflexions sur la seconde guerre mondiale." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT5009.
Full textThe defeat of june 1940 resulted from numerous factors of military, political, diplomatic, industrial and moral nature. In june 1940, was it possible "to keep fighting within the empire alongside with our allies"? this question must be approached like a strategic problem. After the armistice, france strives to rebuild her armed forces, while endeavoring to keep her fleet and her empire. De gaulle takes control over a part of africa, but fails to submit dakar. His relations with churchill and roosevelt will deteriorate steadily. Vichy strives to rehabilitate the country while resisting german demands. The syrian campaign of june 1941 is studied within the overall frame of the mediterranean battle. So is the bir-hakeim action of june 1942. American forces land in north africa on the 8th of november 1942, but the germans and italians simultaneously invade tunisia. The french army reverts to combat and contributes to the victory of tunis. General giraud, the commander-in-chief, succeeds in convincing the american authorities to reequip eleven french divisions. But general de gaulle lands in algiers on the 30th of may 1943, and will soon take over the power
Michelet, Louis-Christian. "Réflexions sur la Seconde guerre mondiale /." Paris (7 rue de Malte, 75541, cedex 11) : Athanor, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35508379z.
Full textSosinski, Sandrine. "Les Polonais en Grande-Bretagne (1939 à 2009) : étude d’une identité, de l’exil à l’intégration." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040086.
Full textPoland’s modern history has been bearing the mark of migration and exile. Ever since the 1830s, every decade has seen Poles finding a patriotic or economic refuge in Great-Britain, temporarily or permanently. However, before 1939, a small number of Polish-born people lived in Britain. In May 1940, the fall of France that had been a provisional asylum, hastened the influx of Polish soldiers and of the Polish Government-in-Exile, while the outcomes of the Yalta Conference in February 1945 led the Polish civilians onto the way of diaspora again. Most of those 160,000 Poles were born into the infant Second Republic of Poland that was independent from 1918 to 1939. Their backgrounds were varied. Nevertheless, whatever their aspirations for the future might have been, most expected to pursue them in an independent Poland after WWII. The bipolar world of 1945 decreed otherwise, for their motherland only gained back a very relative independence
Font, Christian. "L'aveyron et les aveyronnais dans la seconde guerre mondiale." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30048.
Full textAouate, Yves-Claude. "Les juifs d'Algérie pendant la seconde guerre mondiale (1939-1945)." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE2010.
Full textSwitalski, Jean-Luc. "La BBC pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale : rôle et fonction." Lille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL3A002.
Full textFrangi, Marie. "La decentralisation theatrale en grece, apres la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100183.
Full textOur research concerns the "municipal itinerant theaters", which exist for thirteen years in greece and that we examine in the spectrum of the theatrical activities in the countryside. In our days the theater has been moved out of the community in such a way that the state was obliged to adopt a decentralization program in order to re-integrate it in the community. The safeguard's first fruits of the popular culture as a source of theatrical inspiration are seen in the theater existing during the german occupation (1942-1993). In the sixties we have an interior immigration from the countryside to the big cities (athens-thessaloniki). During this period all elements of popular culture are eliminated and the ones which resist are clearly distinguished. From the state, the theater is promoted in the countryside by "tournees" of the national theater, the chariot of thespis and the subventonal theaters. Our research will reveal the two sources of autocthonous theater in whole greece:the traditional popular theater and the amateur's theater. The eleven "municipal itinerant theaters", organized and directed from the municipalities and subventionned partly from the state, are the last solution for a theatrical decentralization. Their activity, with some exceptions, does not concern the public. The people stay away from any artistic creation. The relationship of the greek people with the theater shows that the only futur of the theater exists in its past, the auto-administration of the theater
Guillaume, Habersack Alice. "Les travailleurs étrangers à Heidelberg pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040048.
Full textOver nine million foreign workers were employed in Nazi Germany during the Second World War. Among those workers from all over Europe, there were volonteers, prisoners of war, but also civilians, women, children and old people who had been forcibly deported to work and support the Third Reich's economy. In Heidelberg as well as averywhere else in Germany, foreign workers were very present during the war. This study shows how indipensable their presence was in so many sectors, and in which way their working stations and conditions of life (salary, accomodation, nutrition, clothing) depended essentially on the Nazi prescriptions related to their "race". Work, as well as starvation, Hygiene conditions, ill-treatment, illness, daily life and resistance take a major place in this study whose object is to fill up a gap in French research which so far has rather specialized in studies about French POW's ans STO. The present work is essentially based on unpublished sources of Heidelberg's municipal record office as well as on testimonies of former deported civilians from Eastern France who allow us to comprehend the daily life of some of these millions of foreigners
Jacobsen, Rikke. "Le mobilier en bois en Europe après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040002.
Full textThis cross-study of the European forest, the production and the different sorts of wood, reveals the importance of wood in European furniture design in the period from the end of the Second World War until the beginning of the eighties. The furniture design of European countries such as Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy has been studied. The sensorial aspect of wood as well as its symbolism has also been explored. Two countries, France and Denmark, have been put forward as they are particularly revealing of two different approaches. Would the time of hegemony of wood in the creation of furniture be passed ? Several findings seem to point out the contrary. Where is the true place of the wood in furniture design to be found in the post-war period ? And what are the reasons ?
Ben, Abda Nefissa. "Femmes et syndicats en Grande-Bretagne depuis la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030012.
Full textThis study examines women's trade union involvement in a post-industrial society. Women have been a major source of growth for trade unions in recent years, and are forming an ever-increasing proportion of trade union membership. Nevertheless, they are strongly under-represented at all levels of the union hierarchy. The reasons for their lack of participation can be ascribed to psychological and cultural barriers but they are also due to job- and union- related factors. Though factors. Though facts and figures as well as the points of view of female activists show that equality is still a goal to be achieved, there has been some progress. Most unions took measures aiming at the wider involvement of their female members. On the other hand, women are more and more playing an active part, and some of them are members of their unions' national executive committees. Under the influence of women, trade unions are more aware of the diversity of their affiliates and, more and more, they have come to accept that "women's issues" such as creches or sexual harassment are, similarly to bread and butter issues, trade union issues
Percheron, Bénédicte. "La vie musicale en Seine-Inférieure pendant la seconde guerre mondiale." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL562.
Full textMusical life in Seine-Inférieure has known a real paradox during the Second World war. While the economy didn't seem appropriate to entertainment, theatres were attracting an important public for each performance. Concerts grew more and more in a various way during the German occupation ; music became a tool for political propaganda, of Resistance or, on the countrary, a place of setting off. Art has indeed been holding the most important space in the strategy of the Nazi conquest, because it was used for asserting the German cultural superiority on the occupied territories. The German presence, but also the various international political events, got to many changes in Seine-Inférieure about musical life. So, how can we say that a set of beliefs in presence contributed to change the musical landscape in Seine-Inférieure, but also its repertoire and the traditionnal organisation of entertainments? The Second World war appears as a real slowing stage in the cultural history of the local county, but the events which took place during this period drew the musical landscape of the second part of the XXth century in Seine-Inférieure
Rouquet, François. "Une administration française face à la seconde guerre mondiale : les P.T.T." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20085.
Full textNow that we have tried to explain precisely how the french postal services have made their way through world war two we shall be concerned with collaboration deeds, people who have schieved them and how they have been punished throughout the purge. The study of individual casses will help us understand the phenomenon, and thus the basis on which the concept of collaboretion originates. As well as the representation of it among the postal office staff after word war two. We shall establish a typology factorial analysis which will help us to analyse it. As contradictory as it may appear, the computterized process of these data will bring to the fore how people's perception and personal points of view can be prominent in our interpretation of facts. In view of the result. We can see now conflicting necessities have imposed on the purge process employees who had compromised in collaboration couldn't possibly be maintained in their positions without dishonouring the republic and had to be punished : the corporation demand for their administration to become a symbol for a growing need for renewal, and also their desire to embody liberation which had been idealized through for years of frustation and sufferings, also had to be satisfied. We shall point out now some collaboration deeds have been perceuved and remenbered differently according to position of witnesses within their administration. The conclusion will display a typology of the people (rather than acts) and portray the six social groups mostly affected by purge in postal services. The result will lead us to put into question the way a purge can be performed in an administration, and to suggest that purge can be more of a symbolic procedure, carefully arranged, than more respression
Ratrematsialonina, Dox Frédéric. "Madagascar pendant la seconde guerre mondiale un essai d'autarcie, 1939-1943 /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376006617.
Full textBerrier, Julie. "Alice Parizeau, Tecia Werbowski, Régine Robin : mémoire blessée et écriture migrante du Québec." Thèse, Paris 3, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17323.
Full textSigalas, Clément. "La guerre manquée : Représentations de la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans le roman français (1945-1960)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040204.
Full textThis thesis deals with the representations of the Second World War found in the French novels published between 1945 and 1960. It aims to shed light on a body of works that depict a “failed war”, unlike the epic vision which prevails in the post-war period. It analyses from an aesthetic, ethical and political perspective twenty novels or so which portray war as an unreal, elusive experience shared by French people.The first part of this work scrutinizes the way writers depict the failure of war. These novels portray the conflict as both spectral and brutal – seen from a distance, almost always mediated, concealed under the appearance of peace, yet unescapably destructive.These novels also throw light on the failure of community. A far cry from the seminal, unifying narrative of the epic, they start attacking the myth of France as unified in the war effort very soon after the end of the conflict.The second part of this thesis looks at the ways they construct the image of a torn or passive nation, as if they were France’s guilty conscience.This study will finally examine the way the novel “thinks”, how it was specifically used to convey a specific reflection on community. Against the discourses of literary Resistance, then Existentialism, it questioned the primacy of rational thinking in men; against the prominence of documents, it embraced fiction as a means to explore dark territories; against the calls for exemplariness, it constituted itself as an autonomous space to investigate the war, as well as to challenge the failures and shortcomings of the epic discourse
Noilhan, Cécile. "La Seconde Guerre mondiale dans les revues de langue d'Oc (1939-1945)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20108.
Full textThe movement in favor of the rebirth of Occitan, begun in the nineteenth century with the creation of the Félibrige (1854) by Frédéric Mistral—recognized world-wide and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907—continued into the twentieth century. However, after Mistral’s death in 1914, defenders of Occitan language and literature, smothered by the centralizing power of the French Third Republic, struggled to be heard. There was a split into two branches: Mistralists and a “occitan” movement. However, in the 1930’s, both groups tried to work together, notably with Nouveau Languedoc, a group of younger individuals based in Montpellier. The Second World War confirmed the divisions among defenders of Occitan. Divided by linguistic questions, notably that of orthography, the movement was, in 1942, further divided by political positions. Whereas in 1940, almost all authors writing in Occitan supported or corroborated the politics of Vichy, in 1942, there was a sense of disillusion in the Occitan-language region; certain individuals did not hesitate to distance themselves from the government. Observing the paralysis of the rebirth movement, a team formed out of the Société d’Études Occitanes—Ismaël Girard, Camille Soula, René Nelli, Max Rouquette, Charles Camproux, et. alii—founded the Institut d’Études Occitanes after Liberation.Periodicals published during this period seem to be the preferred means to support the diffusion of Occitan. Generally printed in small format, thus reducing the need for paper and ink restricted by censors, journals in Occitan adopted no particular editorial line. Some were more literary; others preferred to publish articles on contemporary history and politics, while some provided readers with information relating current events to Occitan culture. These texts—literary, political, historic, and cultural—allow us to understand the organization of the rebirth movement, intimately tied to the Occitan literary world. This link between the worlds of politics and literature seems counter to the organization of the French-speaking world, in which the two fields are somewhat independent. This thesis seeks to show how the Second World War, a national and international event, influenced writing in a regional language, Occitan. Analyses show the principal themes that appear in literary works: political discourse, evocations of horror, the topic of religion, intergenerational engagement, and, at the end, tales of victory
Luscher-Morata, Diane. "L'influence de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale sur la prose de Samuel Beckett." Thesis, University of Reading, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414568.
Full textBocqueraz, Claude. "Le projet de professionnalisation des comptables français avant la seconde guerre mondiale." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT4010.
Full textLaederich, Olivia. "Étude juridique des épurations françaises de la Seconde guerre mondiale : 1939-1953." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020080.
Full textDrieux, Jean-Pierre. "Les lothians depuis la seconde guerre mondiale : problemes humains et vie politique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20017.
Full textVolume 1 : a a detailed 18 page table of contents. B the context (heritage from the past, demography, impact of the media). C a survey of local politics (changes in the local government system, local issues, local politics in edinburgh 1949-73, and in the lothian region and its four districts 1974-84). Volume 2: national politics in the lothians : political parties, national issues, electoral campaingns, constituency boundary changes ; with a chronological study of political developments in greater edinburgh : back to democracy (1945-50), the "two-party" years (1950-64), the rise of a three-party system (1966-74), towards a four-party system? (1974-84). Volume 3: a sociological survey of the lothians electorate, mps, euromps and local councillors: turnout at the different kinds of elections, the influence of factors such as type of housing, religion, economic activity; an attempt to answer the question "who are these elected representatives?" in theory this survey stops with the 1984 euro-elections; but the 1987 general election results, with a brief comment, are given in an appendix. Volume 4: illustrations, maps, statistical documents (general and by-election results in the ten lothians constituencies 1945-87; local election results in edinburgh 1949-73). Bibliography. Index
Champchesnel, Hélène de. "La gendarmerie en Syrie et au Liban pendant la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040095.
Full textThe French Gendarmerie accompanied the French Army thoughout the duration of the mandates in Lebanon and Syria. The uncovering of the veritable institutional identity of this organisation, the provostship, the colonial or the departmental Gendarmerie, comes within the framework of a more general understanding of the complex relationships of mandated territories. The Syrian campaign, of June 1941, the French fought against French, marking a distinct rupture in the Near East : the Levant and the FFL provostships concerned two different human entities. The engaging of the Gendarmerie in all of the Near East conflicts, particularly in the 1945 uprising, and the evolution of the relationship between the French, Lebanese and Syrian Gendarmeries, are symbolic of the French attitude toward the rising of Arab nationalism
Husson, Jean-Pierre. "La Marne et les marnais à l'épreuve de la seconde guerre mondiale." Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIML005.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the impact of second world war on the department of the marme by placing it in the long-term : firsstly going backwards, underlining the main tendancies of the inter-war period, characterized by the personalities of paul marchandeau and marcel deat, the weight of anti-communism, the significance of pacifist ideas and perseverance in the organisation of agriculture and vine prowing ; and secondly, going forwards, setting the assesment of the conflict in the perspective of the post-war period, tom between desire for change, hopes of revival and retum to normalcy. The argument, stated in terms of rupture and. Or continuity, is based on both the search for the deeper meaning opf the dark years of the occupation and the specificity of the example of the marme area, compared to the entire champagne area and to France as whole. The emphasis is laid on two themes : on the one hand, the chain of events : defeat-occupation-collaboration - leading to the setting up of the vichy regime, represented by the prefect René Bousquet who, before being appointed secretary general of the police, had an exceptional career in the marme area, and on the other hand, the chain : resistance-liberation-victory-celansing - which resulted in the administrative, political and economic reconstruction of the department and which shows what was at stake in terms of both local govemment anhd memmory, in the years immediatly following the war in the marme area, the ordeal of second world war was experienced as a period of rupture, suffering and hardship, but whichhowever less traumatising than first world war, as well as a period of transition and even of continuity, as is partoicularly obvious in the prmanent part played leading citizens with political and socio-professional responsabilities and also by the interprofessional committee of champagne wine
Fariat, Axelle. "Le renouveau de l’enseignement artistique en Allemagne après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040217.
Full textGermany after 1945 was a territorial unity that had lost its status as a State and which was divided into four zones of occupation. The program of reform of art education is part of the widespread political and cultural renewal that took place during the subsequent post-War years. The importance of these reforms is a question to consider, with respect to the difficult ethical, historical and ideological context that shaped them. To all appearances, the reopening of many artistic institutions gave birth to an exceptional period of cultural and artistic activity. Indeed, some artists who had lost their right to practice under the Third Reich agreed to come back and teach art at these newly reopened institutions. The present study will focus on those artist-educators who developed the most innovative pedagogical concepts and methods, for example Willi Baumeister (Art Academy in Stuttgart), Karl Otto Götz (Art Academy in Düsseldorf) and Georg Meistermann (Art Academy in Karlsruhe). In total, the group I wish to investigate taught in eleven higher education institutions across all the four occupation zones; their work continued later, in the post-War states, FRG and GDR. My research methodology includes bibliographic research, archival research, and interviews with former students, many of whom have become artist-educators themselves. My correspondents were the benefactors of an extraordinary kind of teacher-student relationship that stressed an attitude of freedom that contrasted strongly with the previous historical period of the mid-1930s to 1945. The vast majority of German artists who now have an international reputation — including Georg Baselitz, Otto Piene, Gerhard Richter, Günter Uecker — studied in one or several higher art schools or art academies in the occupied zones (East or West) after 1945
Die Etablierung einer institutionellen künstlerischen Ausbildung ist Teil des deutschen Wiederaufbaus nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Die Promotion zeigt diese Entwicklung auf, in der Arbeit untersucht wird die Bedeutung der künstlerischen Ausbildung in ihrem unterschiedlichen ethischen, historischen und ideologischen Kontext. Hinsichtlich der Untersuchung zur Künstlerausbildung in Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg muss die Aufteilung Deutschlands in zunächst vier Besatzungszonen und nach 1945 die Teilung Deutschlands in die Bundesrepublik und die Deutsche Demokratische Republik berücksichtigt werden. Viele der während des Dritten Reiches verfolgten und ins Exil geflüchteten Künstler und Kunstpädagogen, kehrten nach Kriegsende nach Deutschland zurück und erhielten einen Lehrauftrag an einer Kunsthochschule oder –akademie. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht innovative pädagogische Konzepte an elf ausgewählten Institutionen. Die Untersuchung basiert auf einer intensiven Literaturrecherche und stützt sich auf Interviews mit ehemaligen Kunststudenten, die später Künstler und/ oder Dozenten werden. Die Interviews zeigen, wie wichtig die Kommunikation zwischen Schüler und Lehrer war und welche Rolle die Idee der künstlerischen Freiheit in ihrer persönlichen Entwicklung gespielt hat. Nach 1945 wurden viele deutsche Künstler, die heute einen international annerkten Ruf genießen, an einer oder mehreren deutschen Kunsthochschulen bzw. Kunstakademien in der östlichen oder westlichen Besatzungszone ausgebildet: Georg Baselitz, Otto Piene, Gerhard Richter, Günter Uecker. Die Ausbildung hat einen wesentlichen Vorteil an ihrem Erfolg
Zielinski, Madeline. "La représentation de la Seconde Guerre mondiale en Grande-Bretagne : analyse comparée." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30050/document.
Full textThe Second World War occupies a central place in British collective memory. The war, which is considered to be a national myth in Britain, remains pervasive in the British public debate to the point that some commentators call it a national obsession. The war constitutes one of the facets of Britishness at a time when British national identity is much debated and open to question. The representations of the Second World War in Scotland, Wales and Ireland are examined in order to determine whether the war is a British myth or an English myth. Scottish nationalist aspirations, for instance, seem to have an influence on the way the conflict is represented in Scotland. At a time when Britain is more than ever ethnically diverse, this study seeks to determine the extent to which former colonial peoples are able to recognise themselves in the traditional representations of the war which dominate the public debate in Britain. In the midst of an unprecedented boom in remembrance, the Bomber Command crews are an exception. Although their role in the combined bomber offensive (which caused thousands of victims among the German civilian population) had been subjected to much criticism and excluded bomber crews from the myth of the war, they are now hailed as heroes in Britain. Bomber Command’s newly-found heroic status is a turning point in the historiography of the air offensive and the British public debate
Husson, Jean-Pierre. "La Marne et les Marnais à l'épreuve de la Seconde guerre mondiale /." Reims : Presses universitaires de Reims, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb369751193.
Full textDrieux, Jean-Pierre. "Les Lothans depuis la seconde guerre mondiale problèmes humains et vie politique /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613365q.
Full textFrangi, Marie. "La décentralisation théâtrale en Grèce après la seconde guerre mondiale (1943-1993) /." Villeneuve-d'Ascq : Les presses universitaires du Septentrion, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37717750x.
Full textLorentz, Claude. "Les restitutions allemandes au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale : 1943-1954." Strasbourg 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30001.
Full textAthe aim of this thesis is the study of the settlement of the important question for france of the german restitutions after world war ii. Its first part shows french and interallied plans between 1943 and 1945 within the framework of the studies of an armistice convention and then, the attemps of the four occupying powers of germany to elaborate a method of restitutions consistent with reparations. This part permit to know the deep differences of opinion between the french one part, and the american, the british and the soviets, other part. In the second time thesis exposes the execution of restitutions in the years 1945-1954, are successively scutinized restitutions of economic goods (industrial and agricultural), of monetary gold and transferable securities, of precious and artistic goods. The last chapiter gives a global evaluation at the year of 1954 and tries to estimat the impact of restitutions on french and german economies
Haus, Brigitte. "Lettres hébraïques dans l'art contemporain en France après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100123.
Full textIn the second half of the twentieth century, to counteract the loss of Jewish identity resulting from the annihilation of Jewish culture in Eastern Europe and North Africa, an artistic movement focussed on Hebraic letters arose, particularly in France. Central to Jewish thinking and expressed only in the languages of the Jews, the latter are considered here as the paradigm of Judaïsm. The movement gathered strength through the 1970s as the wars in Israel revived the quest for Jewish identity. The characteristic dissimulation of letters, particularly those comprising writing, is seen as a metaphorical reference to the unintelligibility of the Torah in Jewish mysticism, to the extinction of Jewish life, and to the inexpressibility of the trauma of the Holocaust. Evoking tradition and modernity, the movement draws on the specificity of Jewish art since the Middle Ages, adding references to contemporary art forms, especially those featuring writing. In part, its inspiration is drawn from catholic iconography in illustration of abstract cabalistic concepts. Thus, the Diaspora is both its rationale and its source of inspiration. The influence of Chinese art –corroborating the leaning of many Jews towards Buddhism – reflects the ambivalence of the feelings of otherness and assimilation of the Jews of France. Setting hope, life, dance and music, on the same connotation level as the Holocaust, the movement embodies reconstruction
Karez, Patrick. "L'aménagement des parvis de cathédrale en Europe après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040247.
Full textGruson, Claire. "Les Cahiers du Sud pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale (septembre 1939 - mai 1945)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040204.
Full textThe research deals with the only literary periodical which was not published in Paris, but even though has a national audience -les Cahiers du Sud - a publication which, unlike many others, such as the NRF, Esprit, etc… could "exist" during the gloomy period 1940-1944. The materials consist of all the review's issues (regular and thematic ones), as well as the rich collection of letters written to the review's director, Jean Ballard, by numerous collaborators and readers and the copy of the answers, they received from him. The main problem deals with the “maintenance” of the publication in this time of great trouble. More accurately, it is to delineate the mission that Jean Ballard wanted his collaborators to perform, ie "la mission de l'esprit". The very different attitudes of the contributors have been even if some contributions were obviously tuned with the themes, the "revolution nationale" has developed, especially between 1940 and 1942, the "Cahiers du sud" have always provided the necessary space for non, conformist considerations and for the very debate that could help to overcome many ambiguous attitudes of the time. The "cahiers" have fulfilled their very function, ie, to be a literary periodical, deeply concerned with the "spiritual situation of the age" and open-minded to the diversity of cultures
Vallée, Cécile. "La b. B. C. : outil de propagande gouvernementale pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Rennes 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN20021.
Full textDuring the Second World War, the British government transformed the BBC into a willing instrument of its propaganda. Through persuasion and pressure, by putting its own men in control of the corporation, it exercised a tight control over broadcast programmes and broadcasters. The secret nature of that control enabled both the government and the BBC to maintain the image of an independent BBC. In reality, the latter was totally dependent on the ministry of information, which centralised and planned all ministerial propaganda. In the name of national interest and in order to safeguard its image, the BBC co-operated actively with the government to put its propaganda into broadcast terms. The government used the waves freely and launched large propaganda campaigns dealing with all aspects of life on the home front. The aim was to guide and control the behaviour and attitude of the population as well as their opinions so as to ensure at all times that the war effort, as planned by the government, would be successful. Using persuasion and moralisation, constantly and repetitively stressing the qualities of the british people, the government's propaganda aimed to sustain the morale of the public. This led the BBC to broadcast an over-positive, idealised image of the home front, the listeners being encouraged to believe that they were heroes, and that it was thanks to their natural qualities of determination, of courage, and of generosity that they would win over nazism. The ideological basis of the propaganda aiming to reinforce patriotism and nationalism included essentially a continual debasement of the enemy, as well as a constant praise of the people and of a nation turned into a natural champion of all the great values of humanity
Yocco, Caitlin A. "La Seconde Guerre mondiale et l'Holocauste dans la littérature en français pour enfants." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1275578962.
Full textDéchanet-Platz, Fanny. "L'écrivain, le sommeil et les rêves : des Romantiques à l'après Seconde Guerre Mondiale." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040193.
Full textDreams attain a privileged rank in French literature at the dawn of the Romantic era, but sleep is not kept out of this choice : so-called “artificial” sleeps (sleeps which result from drug taking or from hypnosis) abound, and then, at the outset of the 20th century, the sleep which is common to all sleepers. If literature reveals the importance of sleep and of dreams, it is because the writer, by means of a direct testimony or through the agency of a character, focuses on the variety of their physical, psychic and intellectual resources, and on the gift of their poetry. The second world war upsets these representations, since it destroys dreams for a good many sleepers and replaces sleep with insomnia. The night of sleep appears like a journey which is marked by three successive stages (getting ready to fall asleep, sleep and dreams, and waking impressions) in the course of which a sleeper (here the writer or his character) gradually discovers that his initiation to sleep has finally led him to the elaboration of a work. The confrontation of the literary representations of sleep and dreams and of the discoveries in neuropsychology and psychoanalysis brings to light the extraordinary soundness of the literary intuition
Daney, de Marcillac Marie. "Le nom Ulysse dans les textes philosophiques occidentaux depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083391.
Full textThis dissertation is a cartography of the name Ulysses in various philosophical texts of Western post-1945 tradition, built around a common reference to Ulysses. It offers an alternative reading of philosophical texts, which is not set on a philosophical hermeneutics, but focuses rather upon a hermeneutics that tries to determine the textual variants of Ulysses and their interpretations. This hermeneutics highlights the existence of a unique moment in the memory of Ulysses as corpus, which is demonstrated as a new version of the myth of Ulysses. The present interest in the figure of Ulysses proceeds from its capacity to trouble the border between various disciplines, especially that which divides philosophical and literary traditions. A study of the areas of textual interbreeding between philosophical texts and literary intertexts of Ulysses, the Odyssey and the literary tradition of its rewritings, the revelation of the character of Ulysses' intelligence in the philosophical texts as well as its figural dimension, demonstrate that Ulysses is in fact the alibi of philosophy. As non-disciplinary figure, his role serves to establish an opening towards that which lies beyond the philosophical texts in which he appears
De, Witte Parra Mona. "La protection du renseignement britannique, américain et allemand pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIML004.
Full textThis thesis investigates the protection of British intelligence sources during World War Two, and includes a comparison with American and German practices. In these three countries, intelligence officers adopted very different approaches to preserve these sources and to ensure that the latter could be used in the long term. Each country had a different perception of the balance between the immediate use of intelligence and the protection of its sources, between the short-term benefits and long-term preservation of these assets in the context of the war. Drawing on a vast amount of archival material, both civilian and military, this research presents these three countries’ various approaches and uses this analysis to reflect on their concrete achievements. This study interrogates the preconceived ideas about these countries’ intelligence practices, in particular the reputation of secrecy of the British agencies, as opposed to the lack of discretion of their American counterparts. Moreover, this thesis emphasises the particular situation of German secret services in a very divided country.The ambiguous cooperation between Britain and the United States during the Second World War helped pave the way for their « special relationship ». During the war, the balance of power between the two nations shifted dramatically, in the intelligence field as in many others. Moreover, the analysis of the exchanges between the British intelligence officers and their French and Soviet colleagues opens new research avenues in the study of their international relations and on these complex and fluctuating alliances
Trégomain, Pierre de. "Les frontières du dicible : les Saxons de Transylvanie et la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030145.
Full textThe Second World War holds a federating rôle in the collective identity of the Transylvanian Saxons. The War is at the centre of a narrative construction that allows a common « we » to be employed, despite the heterogenous nature of the experiences of war, and despite the Iron Curtain, which separated this German-speaking minority in Romania into two groups. The larger group stayed in Transylvania and the others moved to the West – mainly to West Germany. From the end of the War until the beginning of the 1980s this community was structured according to rules of communication concerned with representations of the past. Who was in a position to define these rules and under what conditions ? This study sets about analysing the power struggles that are at the origin of these « frontiers of the expressable »
Cehreli, Ayse Sila. "Chelmno, Belżec, Sobibór, Treblinka : politique génocidaire nazie et résistance juive dans les centres de mise à mort (novembre 1941-janvier 1945)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010539.
Full textBöhler, Jochen. "Auftakt zum Vernichtungskrieg : die Wehrmacht in Polen 1939 /." Bonn : Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41242040h.
Full textCicottini, Gwendoline. "Relations interdites, enfants oubliés ? : les relations entre femmes allemandes et prisonniers de guerre français pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0543.
Full textThe term « forbidden relationships » refers to contacts between German civilians and French prisoners of war present on the territory of the Reich during the Second World War. Forbidden by the decree of Verbotener Umgang mit Kriegsgefangenen from November 1939 , such contacts were banned both for military security reasons and in the name of National Socialist racial ideology. Thanks to a substantial corpus of judicial files related to this crime, the thesis analyses the tens of thousands of relationships that have taken place. It shows the gap between “the norm” and reality during this period. It reflects the difficulty in controlling the civilian population during times of conflict and the agency of the actors. With the help of these different trajectories, and thanks to the contributions of micro history, this study contributes to approaching war in a different way, through a story of intimacy and love. It defends the hypothesis that forbidden relations contributed to the writing of a different history, one of Franco-German relations at the heart of the Second World War. In order for this to be understood requires a historical anthropological approach and the questioning of relationships to sexuality and the structures of kinship
Kaczorowski, Florence. "Les américaines et la politisation de la sphère privée dans l'après seconde guerre mondiale." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30048/document.
Full textThis thesis examines various factors that have led to the reconfiguration of the private / domestic sphere, considered as the non-political domain of the family and the intimate, as a crucial subject for political debate and as a legitimate place of political action in the aftermath At the heart of the process were three major phenomena: the militarization of private civil space, the resurgence of the ideal of the "Christian home" in a moralist and familialist climate, and the valorization of the home Consumerism, the "center of freedom", where the defense of the capitalist system was played out in the ideological conflict between the United States and the USSR During this period, the private-public articulation was renegotiated, thanks to the phenomenon of politicization of the private sector and the additional legitimacy granted to the stakes associated with this domain and, by extension, to the women who are supposed to guarantee the integrity . Three case studies, based on rich archival sources that have so far been largely untapped, make it possible to take full account of this renegotiation and to account for the adoption of new forms of policy-making at home ('kitchen-table activism ') By a large number of white women of the middle-upper classes. This mode of activism, reconciling domestic life, feminine sociability and militant commitment, was put to the service of progressive and conservative women's organizations as well as women's divisions of political parties. To what extent did its expansion reflect the politicization of its followers and the rise of their political participation during a latent period of the feminist movement ? Have their involvement in the margins of the institutional sphere been accompanied by an increase in their representation in politics ? Or did the period, on the contrary, see their advance in this delayed field because of this mobilization based on a traditional view of women and gender relations ?
Charbonneau, François. "La crise de la conscription pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et l'identité canadienne-française." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ57096.pdf.
Full textFrédette, Julie. "Étude de l'édition littéraire anglo-québécoise de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à nos jours." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2578.
Full textCherif, Fayçal. "La Tunisie dans la Seconde Guerre mondiale : impacts et attitudes (avril 1938-mai 1943)." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040005.
Full textDe, courville Stanislas. "Le choc du cinéma. De l'apparition des masses métropolitaines à la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3003.
Full textUsing the concept of “shock” that Benjamin develops under a Freudian influence, we observe how it emerges in nineteenth century’s literature which demonstrates the appearance of masses in the large modern city (Baudelaire, Nerval, Gogol, Zola, Huysmans, etc.). During this reflexion we always consider it in relation with its counterpart that is the aura, and we observe the dialectic which constantly re-enacts itself during the century between these two poles. It is through this channel that we approach the cinema as the art of shock, observing the genealogical lines which relate it to this aesthetic figure of modernity, true “modern beauty” (Baudelaire, Benjamin) or “new aura inclination” (Didi-Huberman). In this context, we analyse in detail the influence of The Fairground Booth of Alexander Blok, which is according to us, an emblematic work of the dialectic of shock and aura, as well as the influence of the debates which accompanied it – firstly involving the cinematograph (Bely) –, on the generation of Soviet pioneers in cinema, and more specifically on Eisenstein and his construction of the famous concept of “attraction”. Finally, we observe in Gilles Deleuze’s work the way the “shock”, partly conceived following Eisenstein and his “attraction”, which was meant to promote the birth of a new art and a new Thought, has been led astray by the war. We then use the philosopher’s apparent hesitation between taxonomy and history in his diptych on cinema to question the future of the figure of shock put to the test by the Second World War and we also question what remains of the hopes set on cinema as an art of the masses and a new Thought after this worldwide traumatic event
Miranda, Caniceiro Gwendoline. "ECRIRE POUR TEMOIGNER: LA VERITE HISTORIQUE DANS LES TEMOIGNAGES DE LA SECONDE GUERRE MONDIALE." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1470428048.
Full textDiffo, Edouard. "Le Général de Gaulle et la reconstruction de l'Europe après la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081024.
Full textThis thesis addresses general de gaulle's constribution to the reconstruction of europe atter it was politically, economically and morally destroyed innworld war ii. Although the media routinely portray the man as being "anti-european", facts clmearly show that he was the one who actually built europe, particularly between 1958 and 1969. In 1958, contrary to all expectations, general de gaulle chose to implement the treaty of rome, which he had neither negociated nor even signed. He then proved to be the best of europeans, complying with the timetable of the treaty of rome and wrangling the common agricultural policy at the price of a crisi in 1962. De gaulle bravely fought those whom he considered to be "enemies of europe". Twice he opposed britain's entry into the european community ; he creted the fra co-german axis to counter the london-washington axis, and he decided to pull france out of nato (the north atlantic treaty organization). And yet, general de gaulle merely produced a franco-german europe although his dream was to build it from the atlantic to the urals. Today, general de gaulle's concept of the europe of nations remains au inspiration to many european leaders