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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Second order Hamiltonian systems

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Academic literature on the topic 'Second order Hamiltonian systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

1

Schechter, Martin. "Nonautonomous second order Hamiltonian systems." Pacific Journal of Mathematics 251, no. 2 (June 3, 2011): 431–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2011.251.431.

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Pipan, John, and Martin Schechter. "Non-autonomous second order Hamiltonian systems." Journal of Differential Equations 257, no. 2 (July 2014): 351–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2014.03.016.

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Schechter, Martin. "Periodic second order superlinear Hamiltonian systems." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 426, no. 1 (June 2015): 546–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2015.01.051.

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Hirano, Norimichi, and Zhi-Qiang Wang. "Subharmonic solutions for second order Hamiltonian systems." Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A 4, no. 3 (1998): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.1998.4.467.

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Bonanno, Gabriele, Roberto Livrea, and Martin Schechter. "Multiple solutions of second order Hamiltonian systems." Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations, no. 33 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/ejqtde.2017.1.33.

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Llibre, Jaume, and Amar Makhlouf. "Periodic solutions of second order Hamiltonian systems." Dynamical Systems 28, no. 2 (June 2013): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14689367.2013.781133.

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Li, Lin, and Martin Schechter. "Existence solutions for second order Hamiltonian systems." Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications 27 (February 2016): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2015.08.001.

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Zhang, Qiongfen, and X. H. Tang. "Periodic solutions for second order Hamiltonian systems." Applications of Mathematics 57, no. 4 (August 2012): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10492-012-0024-9.

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Yang, Peixing, Jean-Pierre Françoise, and Jiang Yu. "Second Order Melnikov Functions of Piecewise Hamiltonian Systems." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 30, no. 01 (January 2020): 2050016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127420500169.

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In this paper, we consider the general perturbations of piecewise Hamiltonian systems. A formula for the second order Melnikov functions is derived when the first order Melnikov functions vanish. As an application, we can improve an upper bound of the number of bifurcated limit cycles of a piecewise Hamiltonian system with quadratic polynomial perturbations.

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Zhang, Shiqing. "Periodic solutions for some second order Hamiltonian systems." Nonlinearity 22, no. 9 (July 21, 2009): 2141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/22/9/005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

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Montecchiari, Piero. "Homoclinic Solutions for Asymptotically Periodic Second Order Hamiltonian Systems." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4531.

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Caldiroli, Paolo. "Homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits for some classes of second order Hamiltonian systems." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4455.

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Teixeira, Randall Guedes [UNESP]. "Formalismo de Hamilton-Jacobi para sistemas singulares." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91863.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1996-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:32:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 teixeira_rg_me_ift.pdf: 565736 bytes, checksum: 47638723d76926fa1da8cc7e9ede904d (MD5)
Neste trabalho apresentamos o formalismo Hamiltoniano de Dirac para sistemas singulares, analisando inclusive a construção do gerador de transformações de gauge. A seguir discutimos brevemente a generalização, já conhecida, desse formalismo para o caso de Lagrangeanos singulares de segunda ordem fazendo também uma análise da estrutura de vínculos presente em tais teorias. Desenvolvemos então o formalismo de Hamilton-Jacobi para sistemas singulares fazendo sua generalização para Lagrangeanos de segunda ordem. Por último, ambos formalismos são aplicados à Eletrodinâmica de Podols y e os resultados obtidos são comparados.
In this work we study Dirac's Hamiltonian formulation for singular systems including the construction of the gauge transformations generator. Next we briefy discuss the generalization, already developed, of this formalism for singular second order La grangians. Besides that we also make an anlysis of the constrains structure present in such theories. Then we develop the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for singular systems making its generalization for the case of second order Lagrangians. Finally, both formalisms are applied to Podols y's eletrodynamics and the obtained results are comparad.

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Teixeira, Randall Guedes. "Formalismo de Hamilton-Jacobi para sistemas singulares /." São Paulo : [s.n.], 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91863.

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Orientador: Bruto Max Pimentel Escobar
Resumo: Neste trabalho apresentamos o formalismo Hamiltoniano de Dirac para sistemas singulares, analisando inclusive a construção do gerador de transformações de gauge. A seguir discutimos brevemente a generalização, já conhecida, desse formalismo para o caso de Lagrangeanos singulares de segunda ordem fazendo também uma análise da estrutura de vínculos presente em tais teorias. Desenvolvemos então o formalismo de Hamilton-Jacobi para sistemas singulares fazendo sua generalização para Lagrangeanos de segunda ordem. Por último, ambos formalismos são aplicados à Eletrodinâmica de Podols y e os resultados obtidos são comparados.
Abstract: In this work we study Dirac's Hamiltonian formulation for singular systems including the construction of the gauge transformations generator. Next we briefy discuss the generalization, already developed, of this formalism for singular second order La grangians. Besides that we also make an anlysis of the constrains structure present in such theories. Then we develop the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for singular systems making its generalization for the case of second order Lagrangians. Finally, both formalisms are applied to Podols y's eletrodynamics and the obtained results are comparad.
Mestre

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Muzzulini, Marco. "Titchmarsh-Sims-Weyl theory for complex Hamiltonian systems of arbitrary order." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000007403.

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Bird, Craig Malcolm. "Second order interactions in solid state systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388768.

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Kau, Chung-Ta. "Robust stability margin and LQR of second-order systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12044.

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Courouge, Olivier Franck. "Robust positive real controllers for dynamical second-order systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12425.

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Wierda, F. "Information Systems for Managing Second Order Dynamics of Organizations." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-210868.

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"From the point of view of information technology the past decade can be designated the “decade of ERP”. A global movement of implementing integrated systems for optimising the fulfilment of orders has dominated both investments from large and medium corporations and the focus of research and educational institutions. The results of these implementations sometimes have been dramatic: Significant improvements of throughput time, and at the same time clear decreases in inventory. Organisations have become like machines. Interesting material - though not in all aspects consistent - on the improvement of productivity is collected in (Potthof, 1998). Unfortunately, and strangely enough, only little research has been done in the consequences of ERP systems on the flexibility and adaptability of organisations."

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Wierda, F. "Information Systems for Managing Second Order Dynamics of Organizations." Josef Eul Verlag GmbH, 1999. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29861.

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From the point of view of information technology the past decade can be designated the “decade of ERP”. A global movement of implementing integrated systems for optimising the fulfilment of orders has dominated both investments from large and medium corporations and the focus of research and educational institutions. The results of these implementations sometimes have been dramatic: Significant improvements of throughput time, and at the same time clear decreases in inventory. Organisations have become like machines. Interesting material - though not in all aspects consistent - on the improvement of productivity is collected in (Potthof, 1998). Unfortunately, and strangely enough, only little research has been done in the consequences of ERP systems on the flexibility and adaptability of organisations.

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Books on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

1

The geometry of higher-order Hamilton spaces: Applications to Hamiltonian mechanics. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Berdichevskiĭ, V. L. Thermodynamics of chaos and order. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1997.

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Fluctuations, order, and defects. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience, 2003.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Robust stability of second-order systems. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Robust stability of second-order systems. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1993.

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Second order elliptic equations and elliptic systems. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 1998.

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1957-, Huitema George B., and Sevryuk M. B, eds. Quasi-periodic motions in families of dynamical systems: Order amidst chaos. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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Juang, Jer-Nan. Robust Eigensystem assignment for second-order dynamic systems. [Washington, D. C.]: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990.

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Morris, K. A. Dissipative controller designs for second-order dynamic systems. Hampton, Va: Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, 1990.

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Jer-Nan, Juang, Langley Research Center, and Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering., eds. Dissipative controller designs for second-order dynamic systems. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

1

Schechter, Martin. "Second Order Hamiltonian Systems." In Critical Point Theory, 167–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45603-0_10.

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Ahlbrandt, Calvin D., and Allan C. Peterson. "Second Order Scalar Difference Equations." In Discrete Hamiltonian Systems, 1–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2467-7_1.

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Ahlbrandt, Calvin D., and Allan C. Peterson. "Green’s Functions for Nonhomogeneous Second Order Difference Equations." In Discrete Hamiltonian Systems, 295–317. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2467-7_7.

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Benci, V. "Some Applications of the Morse-Conley Theory to the Study of Periodic Solutions of Second Order Conservative Systems." In Periodic Solutions of Hamiltonian Systems and Related Topics, 57–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3933-2_3.

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Grebenikov, Evgenii A., Ersain V. Ikhsanov, and Alexander N. Prokopenya. "Studying the Stability of the Second Order Non-autonomous Hamiltonian System." In Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing, 181–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75187-8_15.

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Percival, I. C. "Order and Chaos in Hamiltonian Systems." In Order and Chaos in Nonlinear Physical Systems, 361–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2058-4_13.

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Awrejcewicz, Jan. "Second-Order ODEs." In Ordinary Differential Equations and Mechanical Systems, 51–165. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07659-1_3.

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Wilkie, Jacqueline, Michael Johnson, and Reza Katebi. "Simple systems: second-order systems." In Control Engineering, 173–95. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-1457-6_7.

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Suris, Yuri B. "Standard-like Discretizations of Scalar Second-order Equations." In The Problem of Integrable Discretization: Hamiltonian Approach, 701–10. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8016-9_20.

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Hodgson, Anthony. "Second-Order Anticipatory Systems." In Handbook of Anticipation, 357–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91554-8_97.

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Conference papers on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

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TAO, ZHULIAN, YANFANG TIAN, and QI DAN. "PERIODIC SOLUTIONS FOR A KIND OF SECOND-ORDER HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS." In Proceedings of the International Computer Conference 2006. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812772763_0092.

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Rams, Hubert, and Markus Schoberl. "On structural invariants in the energy based control of port-Hamiltonian systems with second-order Hamiltonian." In 2017 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2017.7963106.

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Jiang, Qin, and Sheng Ma. "Periodic and Subharmonic Solutions for a Class of Local Nonquadratic Second-Order Hamiltonian Systems." In 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csse.2008.1489.

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Jiang, Qin, and Sheng Ma. "Existence of periodic solution for a class of subquadratic second-order non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems." In 2011 International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cecnet.2011.5768969.

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Chen, Dezhu, and Binxiang Dai. "Periodic solutions generated by impulses for second-order Hamiltonian system with convexity potential." In MATERIALS SCIENCE, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND POWER ENGINEERING III (MEP 2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125348.

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Yoo, S. J. B., M. M. Fejer, R. L. Byer, and J. S. Harris. "Second-order optical susceptibilities in asymmetric quantum wells." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.wj6.

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Recently, there have been extensive studies of intersubband transitions. The large oscillator strengths of transitions between subbands of quantum wells1 have led to investigations of their application to lasers, detectors and nonlinear optical devices. In this paper, we discuss the extremely large second order optical susceptibility [χ(2)] predicted and observed2 in structures with inversion symmetry broken through external electric fields or compositional asymmetry. Second order susceptibility of the quantum well system is obtained by solving effective mass Hamiltonian in the conduction band. The large oscillator strengths and relatively narrow linewidths lead one to expect large . Experimental measurements of χ(2) have been obtained for second harmonic generation over the tuning range of CO2 laser in both electric field biased and compositionally asymmetric modulation doped structures, resulting in 28 nm/V and 100 nm/V near resonance, respectively. These are extremely large compared to χ(2)of bulk GaAs, for example, which is 0.38 nm/V at similar wavelengths. In actual frequency conversion devices, the strong absorption at resonance adversely affects efficiency, which ultimately depends on the ratio of χ(2) to absorption. We discuss the design of quantum well devices for large conversion efficiency.

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Micó Ruiz, Juan Carlos. "Designing the mesoscopic approach of an autonomous linear dynamical system by a quantum formulation." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.2795.

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The work presents a mesoscopic approach to general systems modelled by dynamical systems. The quantum formulation is possible to be obtained by their quantum formulation from a second order Hamiltonian. However, only autonomous linear systems are proved to obtain a Hamiltonian like this. Some application cases are presented, and a discussion about how to generalize the formalism to non-linear dynamical systems is sketched.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.2795

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Li, Zhi. "On the Hamiltonian Formulation of Thin Free Liquid Sheets." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/de-23248.

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Abstract A Hamiltonian model is used to study the nonlinear distortion of thin free planar liquid sheets. A systematic asymptotic expansion procedure with the fluctuating value of the sheet velocity as the small parameter is developed for the propagation of long waves on liquid sheets. The first and second order systems of nonlinear evolution equations are derived.

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Robinett, Rush D., and David G. Wilson. "Decentralized Exergy/Entropy Thermodynamic Control for Collective Robotic Systems." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43691.

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This paper develops a distributed decentralized control law for collective robotic systems. The control laws are developed based on exergy/entropy thermodynamic concepts and information theory. The source field is characterized through second-order accuracy. The proposed feedback control law stability for both the collective and individual robots are demonstrated by selecting a general Hamiltonian based solution developed as Fisher Information Equivalency as the vector Lyapunov function. Stability boundaries and system performance are then determined with Lyapunov’s direct method. A robot collective plume tracing numerical simulation example demonstrates this decentralized exergy/entropy collective control architecture.

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Bayo, E., and J. M. Jimenez. "On the Use of the Canonical Equations of Motion for the Dynamic Analysis of Constrained Multibody Systems." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0406.

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Abstract We investigate in this paper the different approaches that can be derived from the use of the Hamiltonian or canonical equations of motion for constrained mechanical systems with the intention of responding to the question of whether the use of these equations leads to more efficient and stable numerical algorithms than those coming from acceleration based formalisms. In this process, we propose a new penalty based canonical description of the equations of motion of constrained mechanical systems. This technique leads to a reduced set of first order ordinary differential equations in terms of the canonical variables with no Lagrange’s multipliers involved in the equations. This method shows a clear advantage over the previously proposed acceleration based formulation, in terms of numerical efficiency. In addition, we examine the use of the canonical equations based on independent coordinates, and conclude that in this second case the use of the acceleration based formulation is more advantageous than the canonical counterpart.

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Reports on the topic "Second order Hamiltonian systems"

1

Hull, Andrew J. Free-Wave Propagation Relationships of Second-Order and Fourth-Order Periodic Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada542283.

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Yura, H. T., and S. G. Hanson. Second-Order Statistics for Wave Propagation through Complex Optical Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada200494.

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Colella, P., D. T. Graves, and J. A. Greenough. A second-order method for interface reconstruction in orthogonal coordinate systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834475.

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Willman, Warren W. Optimal Control Law Phenomena in Certain Adaptive Second-Order Observation Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada224274.

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Nechaev, V., Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, and A. Nagibas. Complex economic systems structural organization modelling. Politecnico di Torino, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1118.

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One of the well-known results of the theory of management is the fact, that multi-stage hierarchical organization of management is unstable. Hence, the ideas expressed in a number of works by Don Tapscott on advantages of network organization of businesses over vertically integrated ones is clear. While studying the basic tendencies of business organization in the conditions of globalization, computerization and internetization of the society and the results of the ﬁnancial activities of the well-known companies, the authors arrive at the conclusion, that such companies, as IBM, Boeing, Mercedes-Benz and some others companies have not been engaged in their traditional business for a long time. Their partner networks performs this function instead of them. The companies themselves perform the function of system integrators. The Tapscott’s idea ﬁnds its conﬁrmation within the framework of a new powerful direction of the development of the modern interdisciplinary science – the theory of the complex networks (CN) [2]. CN-s are multifractal objects, the loss of multifractality being the indicator of the system transition from more complex state into more simple state. We tested the multifractal properties of the data using the wavelet transform modulus maxima approach in order to analyze scaling properties of our company. Comparative analysis of the singularity spectrumf(®), namely, the diﬀerence between maximum and minimum values of ® (∆ = ®max ¡ ®min) shows that IBM company is considerably more fractal in comparison with Apple Computer. Really, for it the value of ∆ is equal to 0.3, while for the vertically integrated company Apple it only makes 0.06 – 5 times less. The comparison of other companies shows that this dependence is of general character. Taking into consideration the fact that network organization of business has become dominant in the last 5-10 years, we carried out research for the selected companies in the earliest possible period of time which was determined by the availability of data in the Internet, or by historically later beginning of stock trade of computer companies. A singularity spectrum of the ﬁrst group of companies turned out to be considerably narrower, or shifted toward the smaller values of ® in the pre-network period. The latter means that dynamic series were antipersistant. That is, these companies‘ management was rigidly controlled while the impact of market mechanisms was minimized. In the second group of companies if even the situation did changed it did not change for the better. In addition, we discuss applications to the construction of portfolios of stock that have a stable ratio of risk to return.

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Boniface, Gideon, and Christopher Magomba. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.038.

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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, the pandemic has brought both social and economic impacts to global communities, although to varying degrees. Since the onset of the pandemic, different regions have responded in various ways by taking different measures to fight the pandemic and its effects. In Tanzania, the first case was recorded on 16 March 2020 and, to contain the spread of the virus, on 17 March 2020, the Prime Minister announced measures including the closure of all education institutions, the suspension of public gatherings and international passenger flights, and mandatory quarantine for individuals entering Tanzania. However, in June 2020, the government announced the easing of the restrictions after observing a significant decrease in the COVID-19 infection rate and, despite a subsequent ‘second wave’ of the virus, the government declined to re-institute movement restrictions. This decision led to the implementation of non-tariff trade barriers which were imposed on cargo carrying grain and other exports to neighbouring countries, especially Kenya. The situation became so bad that diplomatic intervention had to be sought. In order to understand the resulting socio-economic impacts of the COVID-19 crisis in Tanzania, data were collected in three waves during mid-July2020, October 2020 and February 2021. This paper presents a synthesis of the results of these three survey rounds.

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Burks, Thomas F., Victor Alchanatis, and Warren Dixon. Enhancement of Sensing Technologies for Selective Tree Fruit Identification and Targeting in Robotic Harvesting Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591739.bard.

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The proposed project aims to enhance tree fruit identification and targeting for robotic harvesting through the selection of appropriate sensor technology, sensor fusion, and visual servo-control approaches. These technologies will be applicable for apple, orange and grapefruit harvest, although specific sensor wavelengths may vary. The primary challenges are fruit occlusion, light variability, peel color variation with maturity, range to target, and computational requirements of image processing algorithms. There are four major development tasks in original three-year proposed study. First, spectral characteristics in the VIS/NIR (0.4-1.0 micron) will be used in conjunction with thermal data to provide accurate and robust detection of fruit in the tree canopy. Hyper-spectral image pairs will be combined to provide automatic stereo matching for accurate 3D position. Secondly, VIS/NIR/FIR (0.4-15.0 micron) spectral sensor technology will be evaluated for potential in-field on-the-tree grading of surface defect, maturity and size for selective fruit harvest. Thirdly, new adaptive Lyapunov-basedHBVS (homography-based visual servo) methods to compensate for camera uncertainty, distortion effects, and provide range to target from a single camera will be developed, simulated, and implemented on a camera testbed to prove concept. HBVS methods coupled with imagespace navigation will be implemented to provide robust target tracking. And finally, harvesting test will be conducted on the developed technologies using the University of Florida harvesting manipulator test bed. During the course of the project it was determined that the second objective was overly ambitious for the project period and effort was directed toward the other objectives. The results reflect the synergistic efforts of the three principals. The USA team has focused on citrus based approaches while the Israeli counterpart has focused on apples. The USA team has improved visual servo control through the use of a statistical-based range estimate and homography. The results have been promising as long as the target is visible. In addition, the USA team has developed improved fruit detection algorithms that are robust under light variation and can localize fruit centers for partially occluded fruit. Additionally, algorithms have been developed to fuse thermal and visible spectrum image prior to segmentation in order to evaluate the potential improvements in fruit detection. Lastly, the USA team has developed a multispectral detection approach which demonstrated fruit detection levels above 90% of non-occluded fruit. The Israel team has focused on image registration and statistical based fruit detection with post-segmentation fusion. The results of all programs have shown significant progress with increased levels of fruit detection over prior art.

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Wu, Yingjie, Selim Gunay, and Khalid Mosalam. Hybrid Simulations for the Seismic Evaluation of Resilient Highway Bridge Systems. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ytgv8834.

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Bridges often serve as key links in local and national transportation networks. Bridge closures can result in severe costs, not only in the form of repair or replacement, but also in the form of economic losses related to medium- and long-term interruption of businesses and disruption to surrounding communities. In addition, continuous functionality of bridges is very important after any seismic event for emergency response and recovery purposes. Considering the importance of these structures, the associated structural design philosophy is shifting from collapse prevention to maintaining functionality in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes, referred to as “resiliency” in earthquake engineering research. Moreover, the associated construction philosophy is being modernized with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques, which strive to reduce the impact of construction on traffic, society, economy and on-site safety. This report presents two bridge systems that target the aforementioned issues. A study that combined numerical and experimental research was undertaken to characterize the seismic performance of these bridge systems. The first part of the study focuses on the structural system-level response of highway bridges that incorporate a class of innovative connecting devices called the “V-connector,”, which can be used to connect two components in a structural system, e.g., the column and the bridge deck, or the column and its foundation. This device, designed by ACII, Inc., results in an isolation surface at the connection plane via a connector rod placed in a V-shaped tube that is embedded into the concrete. Energy dissipation is provided by friction between a special washer located around the V-shaped tube and a top plate. Because of the period elongation due to the isolation layer and the limited amount of force transferred by the relatively flexible connector rod, bridge columns are protected from experiencing damage, thus leading to improved seismic behavior. The V-connector system also facilitates the ABC by allowing on-site assembly of prefabricated structural parts including those of the V-connector. A single-column, two-span highway bridge located in Northern California was used for the proof-of-concept of the proposed V-connector protective system. The V-connector was designed to result in an elastic bridge response based on nonlinear dynamic analyses of the bridge model with the V-connector. Accordingly, a one-third scale V-connector was fabricated based on a set of selected design parameters. A quasi-static cyclic test was first conducted to characterize the force-displacement relationship of the V-connector, followed by a hybrid simulation (HS) test in the longitudinal direction of the bridge to verify the intended linear elastic response of the bridge system. In the HS test, all bridge components were analytically modeled except for the V-connector, which was simulated as the experimental substructure in a specially designed and constructed test setup. Linear elastic bridge response was confirmed according to the HS results. The response of the bridge with the V-connector was compared against that of the as-built bridge without the V-connector, which experienced significant column damage. These results justified the effectiveness of this innovative device. The second part of the study presents the HS test conducted on a one-third scale two-column bridge bent with self-centering columns (broadly defined as “resilient columns” in this study) to reduce (or ultimately eliminate) any residual drifts. The comparison of the HS test with a previously conducted shaking table test on an identical bridge bent is one of the highlights of this study. The concept of resiliency was incorporated in the design of the bridge bent columns characterized by a well-balanced combination of self-centering, rocking, and energy-dissipating mechanisms. This combination is expected to lead to minimum damage and low levels of residual drifts. The ABC is achieved by utilizing precast columns and end members (cap beam and foundation) through an innovative socket connection. In order to conduct the HS test, a new hybrid simulation system (HSS) was developed, utilizing commonly available software and hardware components in most structural laboratories including: a computational platform using Matlab/Simulink [MathWorks 2015], an interface hardware/software platform dSPACE [2017], and MTS controllers and data acquisition (DAQ) system for the utilized actuators and sensors. Proper operation of the HSS was verified using a trial run without the test specimen before the actual HS test. In the conducted HS test, the two-column bridge bent was simulated as the experimental substructure while modeling the horizontal and vertical inertia masses and corresponding mass proportional damping in the computer. The same ground motions from the shaking table test, consisting of one horizontal component and the vertical component, were applied as input excitations to the equations of motion in the HS. Good matching was obtained between the shaking table and the HS test results, demonstrating the appropriateness of the defined governing equations of motion and the employed damping model, in addition to the reliability of the developed HSS with minimum simulation errors. The small residual drifts and the minimum level of structural damage at large peak drift levels demonstrated the superior seismic response of the innovative design of the bridge bent with self-centering columns. The reliability of the developed HS approach motivated performing a follow-up HS study focusing on the transverse direction of the bridge, where the entire two-span bridge deck and its abutments represented the computational substructure, while the two-column bridge bent was the physical substructure. This investigation was effective in shedding light on the system-level performance of the entire bridge system that incorporated innovative bridge bent design beyond what can be achieved via shaking table tests, which are usually limited by large-scale bridge system testing capacities.

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Libertun de Duren, Nora Ruth, Benigno López Benítez, Juan Pablo Bonilla, Ferdinando Regalia, Usama Bilal, Ana María Ibáñez, Norbert Schady, et al. Inclusive Cities: Healthy Cities for All. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004459.

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This publication reports on some of the health challenges facing cities. It aims to serve as a guide for public managers and decision makers optimize the great potential of cities to improve the well-being of those who reside in the cities of Latin America and the Caribbean. It is organized in two parts. The first part, Health Inequalities in Latin American Cities, focuses on identifying the ways in which social inequality has led to negative health outcomes, in order to make visible the relevance of the challenge of inequality and the urgency to grapple with it. The second part, Urban Policies for Healthy Cities, focuses on how cities can contribute to improving the health standards in their population. The publication addresses critical issues for urban health, such as the interdependence between physical-social factors and health, the relationship between urban characteristics and the incidence of COVID-19, the connections between social inequality and exposure to pollution environment, the relationship between urban planning and gender violence, the power of urban interventions -such as public transport and social housing- to improve health indicators, and the relevance of having good data to improve the accessibility of health systems. All the contributions in this book are based on data and rigorous research, and present real cases of the cities of the region.

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Shapira, Roni, Judith Grizzle, Nachman Paster, Mark Pines, and Chamindrani Mendis-Handagama. Novel Approach to Mycotoxin Detoxification in Farm Animals Using Probiotics Added to Feed Stuffs. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592115.bard.

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T-2 toxin, a toxic product belongs to the trichothecene mycotoxins, attracts major interest because of its severe detrimental effects on the health of human and farm animals. The occurrence of trichothecenes contamination is global and they are very resistant to physical or chemical detoxification techniques. Trichothecenes are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood stream. The hypothesis of this project was to develop a protecting system using probiotic bacteria that will express trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) that convert T-2 to a less toxic intermediate to reduce ingested levels in-situ. The major obstacle that we had faced during the project is the absence of stable and efficient expression vectors in probiotics. Most of the project period was invested to screen and isolate strong promoter to express high amounts of the detoxify enzyme on one hand and to stabilize the expression vector on the other hand. In order to estimate the detoxification capacity of the isolated promoters we had developed two very sensitive bioassays.The first system was based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Human liver cells proliferation was used as the second bioassay system.Using both systems we were able to prove actual detoxification on living cells by probiotic bacteria expressing Tri101. The first step was the isolation of already discovered strong promoters from lactic acid bacteria, cloning them downstream the Tri101 gene and transformed vectors to E. coli, a lactic acid bacteria strain Lactococcuslactis MG1363, and a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei. All plasmid constructs transformed to L. casei were unstable. The promoter designated lacA found to be the most efficient in reducing T-2 from the growth media of E. coli and L. lactis. A prompter library was generated from L. casei in order to isolate authentic probiotic promoters. Seven promoters were isolated, cloned downstream Tri101, transformed to bacteria and their detoxification capability was compared. One of those prompters, designated P201 showed a relatively high efficiency in detoxification. Sequence analysis of the promoter region of P201 and another promoter, P41, revealed the consensus region recognized by the sigma factor. We further attempted to isolate an inducible, strong promoter by comparing the protein profiles of L. casei grown in the presence of 0.3% bile salt (mimicking intestine conditions). Six spots that were consistently overexpressed in the presence of bile salts were isolated and identified. Their promoter reigns are now under investigation and characterization.

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