Journal articles on the topic 'Secoli 17'

Il Nuovo Testamento, soprattutto san Paolo, continua il motivo dell’immagine, presente nell’Antico Testamento e sviluppato nel giudaismo ellenistico. Negli scritti veterotestamen ta ri questo motivo viene riferito all’uomo (cf. Gen 1, 26-27; Sap 2, 23; Sir 17, 3) e alla Sapienza (cf. Sap 7, 26). Nel Nuovo Testamento l’uomo rimane l’immagine di Dio (cf. 1 Cor 11, 7; Col 3, 10; Gc 3, 9), ma la vera e incomparabile immagine di Dio è Cristo (cf. 2 Cor 4, 4; Col 1, 15; Eb 1, 3). Egli ha reallizzato in sé e molto trasceso tutti i tratti dell’immagine di Dio percepibili nell’uomo e nella Sapienza. La locuzione „l’immagine di Dio” e i suoi equivalenti contenutistici riferiti a Cristo si trovano ogni volta in un contesto elevato ed esprimono la Sua essenza. Quale Figlio di Dio, generato dal Padre prima dei secoli, Cristo è legato con Lui con il vincolo della stessa natura, condivide la Sua esistenza, gloria e immortalità, Lo conosce totalmente e sta in un dialogo incessante con Lui, nonché collabora nell’opera sia di creazione, che di salvezza. Per questo Cristo è il Signore dell’universo e Datore di vita, Primogenito, inizio e fine di tutto. Egli rivela pienamente Dio, la Sua potenza, sapienza e amore, è il Suo rappresentante e mediatore tra Lui e il mondo. Il Figlio incarnato è l’immagine di Dio nella forma umana. La gloria di Dio, che con Lui irruppe nel mondo, non è più abbagliante come nell’Antico Testamento, ma trasformante, non rovina, bensì ravviva.

Arantxa Domingo Malvadi = Antonio CARPALLO BAUTISTA, Identificación, estudio y descripción de encuadernaciones artísticas, Mexico, Fondo Editorial Estado de México FOEM, 2015, 322 p. ISBN 978-60-7495-402-9. Manuel José Pedraza Gracia = UNIVERSIDAD DE SALAMANCA. Scripta: tesoros manuscritos de la Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Ediciones de la Universidad de Salamanca, Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional de España, 2017, 142 p. ISBN 978-84-92462-51-3 (BNE), ISBN 978-84-9012-7348-4 (EUS). Manuel José Pedraza Gracia = Alessandro TEDESCO. Itinera ad loca sancta: i libri di viaggio delle Biblioteche Francescane di Gerusalemme: catalogo delle edizioni dei secoli XV-XVIII, Milano, Edizioni Terra Santa, 2017, lxxii, 363 p. (Biblioteca bio-bibliografica della Terra Santa e dell’Oriente Francescano, 33). ISBN 978-88-6240-518-8. Camino Sánchez Oliveira = BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL DE CÓRDOBA, Impresores cordobeses en La Central: obras impresas en Córdoba entre los siglos XVI y XIX: del 17 de octubre al 16 de noviembre de 2017: catálogo de la exposición, [Córdoba], Ayuntamiento de Córdoba, Red Municipal de Bibliotecas de Córdoba, D.L. 2017, 92 p. Manuel José Pedraza Gracia = Annie CHARON, Sabine JURATIC et Isabelle PANTIN (recs.), L’annonce faite au lecteur: la circulation de l’information sur les livres en Europe (16e-18e siècles), Louvain la Neuve, Presses universitaires de Louvain, 2016, 316 p. (L’atelier d’Érasme: histoires, littératures, livres), ISBN 978-2-87558-509-7. Alberto Gamarra Gonzalo = Carlos M. COLLANTES, Biobibliografía de la poesía bajobarroca cordobesa (1650-1750), Mérida, Editora Regional de Extremadura, 2017. 523 p. ISBN 978-84-9852-531-1. Manuel José Pedraza Gracia = Pedro M. CÁTEDRA, Tace il testo, parla il tipógrafo: tre studi bodoniani, Salamanca, SEMYR, Parma, Biblioteca Bodoni, Museo Bodoniano, Biblioteca Palatina, 2017, 268 p. (In arcadia, 2), ISBN 978-84-944855-8-9.

Nell'ultimo mezzo secolo, a partire dall'‘Anno dell'Africa' (1960, quando 17 stati africani divennero indipendenti), la popolazione del continente ha avuto una crescita molto rapida, toccando recentemente il miliardo di abitanti. In particolare la crescita ha riguardato la popolazione delle grandi cittŕ: se solamente due cittŕ, Ibadan e Johannesburg, intorno alla metŕ del Novecento avevano piů di un milione di abitanti, circa un ventennio piů tardi se ne contavano, sotto questa categoria ‘milionaria', venticinque. Piů di un terzo della popolazione totale (il 38%, circa 350 milioni di abitanti) giŕ viveva in una situazione urbana nel 2005, e secondo alcune proiezioni i ‘cittadini' africani alla metŕ di questo secolo saranno molto piů della metŕ della popolazione totale, toccando il 65%. L'analisi di alcuni casi di capitali africane (Mogadiscio, Lomé, Dakar, Nairobi) nel loro sviluppo recente mostra i problemi specifici di queste grandi cittŕ africane e analizza la loro vicenda nel legame con le vicende politiche del loro paese.

Self-medication is the use of drugs to treat self-diagnosed diseases or symptoms. The purpose of the following work was to determine self-medication in nursing students of the Universidad Católica de Cuenca - Azogues during the period 2020 - 2021. A non-experimental design, descriptive-correlational and prospective cross-sectional study was conducted, with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 168 students who were studying during the academic period: October 2020 - February 2021. The most prevalent sex was female (89.5%); the mean age was 21.65 years, the percentage of self-medication in the last year was (78.6%); the most used drugs were (NSAIDs) with (47.7%). Among the factors found were: source of information: own knowledge, consultation with friends and family, internet; according to the place where it is acquired: pharmacy. Conclusion: the practice of self-medication is high in the university population. Keywords: practice, self-medication, university students. References [1]R. Hermoza, “Automedicación en un distrito de Lima Metropolitana, Perú”. Rev. Méd. H, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 15:21, Enero 2016. [2]J. Castro, “Prevalencia y determinantes de automedicación con antibióticos en una comuna de Santiago de Cali, Colombia”. Rev. Cub. F, vol. 48, no.1, pp. 43-54, Marzo 2014. [3]C. Lopez, “Automedicación en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad del Rosario en Bogotá D. C., Colombia”. Rev. Col. CQF, vol. 45, no. 3, pp 74-384,Septiembre 2016. [4]V. Altamirano, “Automedicación en estudiantes de una residencia universitaria en Chillán, Chile”, Rev. Cub. SP, vol. 45, no.1, pp. 1-14, Enero 2019. [5]L. Ferreira, et al, “Prevalencia y caracterización de la práctica de automedicación para alivio del dolor entre estudiantes universitarios de enfermería”, Rev. Lat. Am. E, vol. 19, no.2, pp 245-251, Diciembre 2018. [6]M. De Pablo, “La automedicación en la cultura universitaria”, Rev. de Inv, vol. 35, no. 73, pp 219-240, Agosto 2011. [7]R. Alfaro, et al, “Características de la población universitaria que recurre a la automedicación en Costa Rica”, Rev. Cub. SP, vol. 45, no. 3, pp e1302, Octubre2019. [8]P. Domínguez, “Prevalencia y factores asociados a la automedicación en adultos en el Distrito Federal, Brasil: estudio transversal de base poblacional”. Ep. Ser. de S, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 319-330, Junio 2017. [9]C. Ortiz, “Automedicación en estudiantes de la Sede Neiva de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia”, Rev. Col. CQF, 2019; vol. 48, no 1, pp. 128-144, Febrero 2019. [10]M. Cecilia. “La automedicación en estudiantes del grado en Farmacia”, Edu. Med, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 277– 282, Julio 2017. [11]R. González. “Automedicación en estudiantes de medicina en una universidad privada de panamá”, Cim, vol. 24, no 1, Marzo 2019. [12]M. Pillaca. “Automedicación en personas adultas que acuden a boticas del distrito Jesús Nazareno, Ayacucho 2015”, Ana. Fac. Med, vol. 77, no 4, pp 387-392,Octubre 2016. [13]R. Cuevas, “Perfil de automedicación en funcionarios de una industria farmacéutica”, Inst. Inv. Cienc. S, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 99-112, Febrero 2019. [14]T. Wenjing, et al, “Indicadores indirectos del consumo de antibióticos; para controlar la resistencia a los antimicrobianos es necesaria vigilancia”, Bol OMS,vol. 97, pp 3-3A, 2019. [15]A. Ruiz, “Automedicación y términos relacionados: una reflexión conceptual”, Rev. Cien. S, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 83-97, Mayo 2011. [16]F. Tobón, “Automedicación familiar, un problema de salud pública”,Edu. Méd, vol. 19, no. 52, pp. 122-127, Octubre 2018. [17]A. Gama, “La automedicación por los estudiantes de enfermería del Estado de Amazonas – Brasil”, Rev. Gaú. Enf, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. e65111, Mayo 2018. [18]I. Guirado, “Hábitos de automedicación en estudiantes universitarios”, Tesis, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, 2016. [19]A. Hirsch, “Valores de la ética de la investigación en opinión de académicos de posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México”. Rev. ES, vol.48,n.192, pp.49-66, Diciembre 2018. [20]B. Reyes, “Problemas éticos en las publicaciones científicas”, Rev. Méd. Ch, vol. 146, no. 3, pp. 373-378, Marzo 2018. [21]M. Cecilia, J. García, N. Atucha, “Self-medication in Pharmacy students”, Educ Med, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 277–82, Julio 2017. [22]M. Sotomayor, J. De La Cruz, “Prevalencia y factores asociados a la automedicación en estudiantes de medicina”, Rev. Fac. Med. H, 2017, vol. 17, no. 4, pp.80–5, Diciembre 2017. [23]L. Alves, F. Souza, C. Damázio, “Prevalencia y caracterización de la práctica de automedicación para alivio del dolor entre estudiantes universitarios de enfermería”, Rev Lat Am E, vol. 19, no. 2, Abril 2011. [24]M. Jerez, C Oyarzo, “Estrés académico en estudiantes del Departamento de Salud de la Universidad de Los Lagos Osorno”, Rev. Chil. NP. 2015; vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 149-157, Septiembre 2015. [25]A. Muri, Secoli S, “Self-medication among nursing students in thecação em estudantes de enf state of Amazonas-Brazil”, Rev GE, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Mayo 2017. [26]A.Ali, J Ahmed, et al, “Practices of self-medication with antibiotics among nursing students of Institute of Nursing, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. J”, Jour. Pak. Med. A, 2016; vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 235-237, Febrero 2016. [27]A. Soroush, A. Abdi, B. Andayeshgar, A. Vahdat, A. Khatony, “Exploring the perceived factors that affect self-medication among nursing students: A qualitative study”, BMC Nurs, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Agosto 2018. [28]M. Aguado, M. Nuñez M, et al, “Automedicación en estudiantes de farmacia de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Argentina”, Acta Farm B, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 271–6, 2005. [29]K. Bravo, D. Espinel, P. Pardo, J Robles. “Automedicación en estudiantes de medicina de la universidad de ciencias aplicadas y ambientales U.D.C.A en el segundo semestre”, Universidad de ciencias aplicadas y ambientales - U.D.C.A, 2017. [30]C. Sánchez, G. Nava. Análisis de la automedicación como problema de salud. Rev Enf. N, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 159–62, 2012.

Summary. In 2 field experiments on the southern highlands of New South Wales, the short-lived perennial grass secale (Secale montanum Guss. cv. Black Mountain) was grazed by Merino wether weaners at stocking rates of 10–17 animals/ha to test the suggestion that persistence might be enhanced by occasional deferment of grazing to encourage seedling germination. In the first of these experiments (experiment 1), designed to compare secale and phalaris, when accompanied by white and subterranean clovers, growth and survival of both grasses was poor, despite the application of >600 kg/ha superphosphate and the experiment was abandoned after 2 years. A subsequent pot trial (experiment 2) with secale grown in soil from the experimental site, where the fertiliser had been applied, showed a large growth response to additional phosphorus. Because inadequate soil fertility may have been the cause of poor grass persistence in experiment 1, a second field experiment (experiment 3) was established on the same site to compare secale, perennial ryegrass and cocksfoot, each accompanied by white and subterranean clovers and with the application of a further 850 kg/ha superphosphate over 3 years. Initial growth of all the grasses was good and animal production on the secale and ryegrass plots was high (up to 100 kg/ha greasy wool and 300 kg/ha liveweight gain). Secale failed to survive more than 3 years, despite deferment of grazing and it may be that persistence depends more on the reliability of autumn rainfall. However, mean weight gain from the clovers and volunteer grasses on the secale plots in the fourth year was as high as from the ryegrass plots and double that from the cocksfoot plots, which became increasingly cocksfoot-dominant. While the results indicate a need for more work on the fertiliser requirements of perennial grasses on these soils, they also raise questions about whether these grasses benefit animal production sufficiently to justify the cost of establishing them.

Abituati come siamo alle meraviglie technologiche moderne, fatichiamo un poco a renderci conto che fino a non molti anni fa la diretta registrazione del linguaggio parlato era cosa impossibile e che di conseguenza la riproduzione della esatta pronuncia degli enunciati linguistici restava affidata, da lunghissimi tempi, esclusivamente a fonti grafiche o descrizioni. L'ampio studio di Ernst ci fornisce un esempio, ch1e si può dire unico e straordinario, di un documento del genere, e quindi porta a buon diritto il titolo, „il francese parlato del XVII secolo". Ma bisogna dire subito che se questo è diventato possibile lo si deve anche alla eccezionale prestazione delll'autore, prestazione che, come vedremo, oltre che rendere disponibile un vastissimo materiale linguistico, si manifesta pure in una impostazione metodologica di pdmissimo ordine.

Esiste una stretta relazione tra la congiuntura economica e sociale che le Marche attraversano tra gli anni '30-'40 del XVIII secolo e gli anni '70-'80 del XIX, da un lato, e il ciclo edilizio e architettonico del neoclassicismo. Nel passaggio tra XVIII e XIX secolo si verificano rilevanti variazioni quantitative, funzionali e congiunturali nella produzione edilizia: a) diminuzione complessiva degli interventi; b) ridimensionamento della committenza ecclesiastica e nobiliare; c) proliferazione di teatri; d) tenuta degli interventi in attrezzature urbane; e) significative cadute congiunturali (periodo giacobino-napoleonico; gli "anni della fame" 17645-67 e 1816-17). Il neoclassico appare come l'architettura con la quale i centri urbani escono dalle rispettive cinte murarie, relegando tendenzialmente il "vecchio" entro le mura, mentre il nuovo procede speditamente al suo esterno oppure occupa gli "sventramenti" operati nel minuto tessuto edilizio storico. L'effetto depressivo che la caduta dei prezzi agricoli durante la Restaurazione ha sugli investimenti edilizi viene compensata da nuove intenzioni anticicliche, si potrebbe dire quasi "keynesiane". Il ciclo neoclassico si avvale di specifici meccanismi di alimentazione e diffusione territoriale: a) nuovi o potenziati meccanismi di finanziamento: b) competizione e imitazione tra centri urbani, soprattutto in vista della promozione da terra a civitas, e tra centri maggiori e minori. Il risveglio edilizio neoclassico ha bisogno di adeguate interfacce imprenditoriali e manifatturiere nel settore dei materiali da costruzione (fornaci da laterizi e da calce). Ad una modularitŕ "cellulare" del mattone si accompagna una ben piů ampia modularitŕ tipologica, urbanistica e sociale del manufatto neoclassico.

The current treatment for celiac disease is strict gluten-free diet. Technical processing may render gluten-containing foods safe for consumption by celiac patients, but so far in vivo safety testing can only be performed on patients. We modified a celiac disease mouse model to test antigenicity and inflammatory effects of germinated rye sourdough, a food product characterized by extensive prolamin hydrolysis. Lymphopenic Rag1−/− or nude mice were injected with splenic CD4+CD62L−CD44high-memory T cells from gliadin- or secalin-immunized wild-type donor mice. We found that: 1) Rag1−/− recipients challenged with wheat or rye gluten lost more body weight and developed more severe histological duodenitis than mice on gluten-free diet. This correlated with increased secretion of IFNγ, IL-2, and IL-17 by secalin-restimulated splenocytes. 2) In vitro gluten testing using competitive R5 ELISA demonstrated extensive degradation of the gluten R5 epitope in germinated rye sourdough. 3) However, in nude recipients challenged with germinated rye sourdough (vs. native rye sourdough), serum anti-secalin IgG/CD4+ T helper 1-associated IgG2c titers were only reduced, but not eliminated. In addition, there were no reductions in body weight loss, histological duodenitis, or T cell cytokine secretion in Rag1−/− recipients challenged accordingly. In conclusion: 1) prolamin-primed CD4+CD62L−CD44high-memory T cells induce gluten-sensitive enteropathy in Rag1−/− mice. 2) Hydrolysis of secalins in germinated rye sourdough remains incomplete. Secalin peptides retain B and T cell stimulatory capacity and remain harmful to the intestinal mucosa in this celiac disease model. 3) Current antibody-based prolamin detection methods may fail to detect antigenic gluten fragments in processed cereal food products.

Zu den intellektuellen Ereignissen meines Studiums gehören die Vorlesungen von Valerio Marchetti, die ich in den späten 1990er Jahren an der Università di Bologna besuchte. Marchetti las damals über «Hermaphrodismus im 17. Jahrhundert». Ich war fasziniert von den gelehrten Debatten, in denen Theologen, Mediziner und Juristen über die Bedeutung abnormer Geschlechtsmerkmale gestritten hatten. Zu Beginn der 1980er Jahre war Marchetti nach Paris gegangen, hatte Foucault am Collège de France gehört und war als bekehrter Foucaultianer nach Italien zurückgekehrt. Als ich bei ihm studierte, war er mit der Herausgabe von Foucaults Vorlesung aus dem akademischen Jahr 1974/75, Les Anormaux, beschäftigt, die bald darauf bei Gallimard erschien. Nach über zehnjähriger Forschung kamen 2008 schließlich auch seine eigenen Untersuchungen unter dem sprechenden Titel L‘invenzione della bisessualità. Discussioni tra teologi, medici e giuristi del XVII secolo sull‘ambiguità dei corpi e delle anime heraus.

Field studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Tallassee, AL, to evaluate the effect of preemergence (PRE) herbicide applications pre- and postcrimp in a cereal rye (Secale cereale) cover crop for control of escape weeds in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with an augmented factorial treatment arrangement with four replications. The augmented factorial arrangement included three levels of PRE herbicides, two levels of application timing, and a nontreated control. PRE herbicide treatments included ethalfluralin (18 oz/acre), fomesafen (2.5 oz/acre), and halosulfuron (0.56 oz/acre). Application timings were precrimp (herbicide applied before crimping and rolling of the cover crop) and postcrimp (herbicide applied after crimping and rolling of the cover crop). A nontreated cover crop only treatment was also included. There were no interactions among application timing and herbicide. Results indicated application timing influenced total weed coverage but not watermelon yield. Total weed coverage was lowest in precrimp applied treatments at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after treatment (WAT). Comparing individual treatments revealed no significant differences among herbicides with respect to watermelon yield; however, all herbicides increased yield compared with the nontreated.

Sotto questo titolo è apparsa nell'autunno del 1999 un'antologia curata dai quattro editori,. contenente 29 brani ( ad opera dei curatori e altri collaboratori). Le linee direttrici sono esposte nella prefazione (Preface, 2 pagine introduttive fuori paginazione). La base è l'antologia Early Romance Texts: An Anthology (1980) di Rodney Sampson, definita invaluable, ma ormai di difficile accesso. Perciò, con la presente scelta di testi si cerca di ovviare a questa situazione. Ci sono però determinati limiti: infatti, sono stati tralasciati i testi più noti, canonici, già bene studiati, ma nel contempo si è desistito anche dall'includere soltanto testi finora non pubblicati. In tal modo si è scelta una via di mezzo, includendo i testi meno noti e meno discussi, tutti pubblicati, è vero, già prima ma in places now considered relatively obscure e parecchio tempo (perfino tutto un secolo) fa. La struttura di tutti i contributi è identica: ad una succinta introduzione (dati essenziali sul relativo testo) seguono il brano, i commenti, la bibliografia e la traduzione inglese. In tal modo l'antologia è coerente, di facile orientamento ed altrettanto facili confronti tra i singoli testi, il che è di notevole importanza scientifica e pedagogica. Infine, i curatori fanno risaltare il ruolo delle ricerche filologiche negli studi più propriamente linguistici.

Настоящая работа является первым общим описанием на русском языке двух некрополей Кампокиаро (Кампобассо, Италия) – Виченне и Морионе, датируемых последней третью VII в. – началом VIII в. Культурное содержание некрополей показывает прочные связи с населением центральноазиатского происхождения. Важнейшим признаком некрополей являются захоронения с конем, соответствующие евразийскому кочевому погребальному обряду. Автор поддержал выводы европейских исследователей о том, что с большой долей вероятности некрополи оставлены булгарами дукса–гаштальда Алзеко, зафиксированными Павлом Диаконом в VIII в. на территориях Бояно, Сепино и Изернии. Аналогии некрополей Кампокиаро с погребениями Аварского каганата показывают присутствие в аварском обществе булгар со схожим погребальным обрядом. Из тысяч погребений с конем, оставленных аварским населением, булгарам могла принадлежать большая часть. Авары и булгары составляли основу и правящую верхушку каганата. Народ Алзеко являлся той частью булгар, которая в 631 г. боролась за каганский престол, что указывает на высокое положение булгар и их большое количество. После поражения эта группа булгар мигрировала последовательно в Баварию, Карантанию и Италию. Несколько десятков лет проживания в венедской, а затем в лангобардской и романской среде привели к гетерогенности погребального инвентаря, но не изменили сам обряд. Булгары лангобардского королевства составляли новый военный слой, который представлял из себя профессиональную кавалерию, получивший землю. Эта конная дружина является ранним примером европейского феодального воинского и социального сословия, которое станет называться рыцарством. Библиографические ссылки Акимова М.С. Материалы к антропологии ранних болгар // Генинг В.Ф., Халиков А.Х. Ранние болгары на Волге (Больше–Тарханский могильник). М.: Наука, 1964. С. 177–191. Амброз А.К. Кинжалы VI – VIII вв, с двумя выступами на ножнах // СА. 1986. № 4. С. 53–73. Безуглов С.И., Ильюков Л.С. Памятник позднегуннской эпохи в устье Дона // Средневековые древности Дона / Ред. Ю.К. Гугуев. М.–Иерусалим: Мосты и культуры, 2007. C. 25–48. Бешевлиев В. Пръвобългарите. История, бит и култура. Пловдив: Фондация «Българско историческо наследство», 2008. 505 с. Гавритухин И.О., Иванов А.Г. Погребение 552 Варнинского могильника и некоторые вопросы изучения раннесредневековых культур Поволжья // Пермский мир в раннем средневековье / Отв. ред. А.Г. Иванов. Ижевск: УИИЯЛ УрО РАН, 1999. С. 99–159. Добиаш–Рождественская О.А. Ранний фриульский минускул и одна из проблем жизни и творчества лангобардского историка VIII в. // Вспомогательные исторические дисциплины / Под ред. А. С. Орлова. М.; Л.: Изд–во АН СССР, 1937. С. 109–140. Засецкая И.П. Культура кочевников южнорусских степей в гуннскую эпоху (конец IV–V вв.). СПб.: АО "Эллипс", 1994. 221 с. Казанский М.М. Оногуры в постгуннское время на Дону // Дивногорский сборник / Труды музея-заповедника «Дивногорье». Вып. 6. / под ред. А. З. Винникова. Воронеж: Изд.– полигр. центр «Научная книга», 2016. С. 96–111. Казанский М.М. Хронологические индикаторы степных древностей постгуннского времени в Восточной Европе // НАВ. 2019. Т. 18 (2). С. 109–124. Кардини Ф. Истоки средневекового рыцарства // Пер. с ит. В.П. Гайдук / Общ. ред. В.И. Уколова, Л.А. Котельникова. М.: Прогресс, 1987. 384 с. Комар А.В., Кубышев А.И., Орлов Р.С. Погребения кочевников VI–VII вв. из Северо–Западного Приазовья // Степи Европы в эпоху средневековья. Т. 5. Хазарское время / Гл.ред. А.В.Евглевский Донецк: ДонНУ, 2006. С. 245–376. Кондукторова Т.С. Антропологическая характеристика черепов из Верхнего Чир–Юртовского могильника в Дагестане // ВА. 1967. Вып. 25. С. 117–129. Красильников К.И. Могильник древних болгар у с. Желтое на Северском Донце // Проблеми на прабългарската история и култура. София: БАН, Нац. Археол. институт с музей филиал Шумен, Аргес, 1991. Т. 2. С. 62–81. Красильников К.И., Красильникова Л.И. Могильник у с. Лысогоровка – новый источник по этноистории степей Подонцовья раннего средневековья // Степи Европы в эпоху средневековья. Т 4. Хазарское время / Гл.ред. А.В. Евглевский. Донецк: ДонНУ, 2005. С. 187–244. Красильников К.И., Руженко А.А. Погребение хирурга на древнеболгарском могильнике у с. Желтое // СА. 1981. № 2. С. 282–289. Кузнецова Т.И. Павел Диакон. Из «Истории лангобардов» // Памятники средневековой латинской литературы IV–IX веков / Отв. ред. М. Е. Грабарь-Пассек и М. Л. Гаспаров. М.: Наука, 1970. С. 243–257. Медникова М.Б. Трепанации у древних народов Евразии. М.: Научный мир, 2001. 304 с. Мингазов Ш.Р. Болгары Алзеко в Баварии, Карантании и Италии как пример автономной части этнокультурной общности // Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Античные и средневековые общности: XXIX Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР В.Т. Пашуто. Москва, 19–21 апреля 2017 / Отв. Ред. Е. А. Мельникова. М: Институт всеобщей истории РАН, 2017. С. 160–164. Мингазов Ш.Р. Следы взаимовлияния европейской и азиатской социокультурных моделей: булгары в Италии (VI–VIII вв.) // Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Сравнительные исследования социокультурных практик: XXXII Чтения памяти члена корреспондента АН СССР В.Т. Пашуто. Москва, 15–17 апреля 2020 / Отв. Ред. Е. А. Мельникова. М.: Институт всеобщей истории РАН, 2020. С. 162–166. Нестеров С.П. Конь в культах тюркоязычных племен Центральной Азии в эпоху средневековья. Новосибирск: Наука. Сиб. отд–ие АН СССР, 1990. 143 с. Павел Диакон. История лангобардов / Пер. с лат., ст. Ю.Б. Циркина. СПб.: Азбука–классика, 2008. 318 с. Решетова И.К. Население донецко–донского междуречья в раннем средневековье: Палеоантропологическое исследование. СПб.: Нестор–История, 2015. 132 с. Решетова И.К. Описание индивидов с трепанированными черепами среди носителей Салтово–маяцкой культуры: медицинская практика или культ? // Этнографическое обозрение. 2012. № 5. С. 151–157. Ронин В.К. «История лангобардов» Павла Диакона // Свод древнейших письменных известий о славянах / Отв. ред. Л. А. Гиндин, Г. Г. Литаврин. М.: Издательская фирма «Восточная литература» РАН, 1995. Т. II. С. 480–501. Ронин В.К. Так называемая Хроника Фредегара // Свод древнейших письменных известий о славянах / Отв. ред. Л. А. Гиндин, Г. Г. Литаврин. М.: Издательская фирма «Восточная литература» РАН, 1995. Т. II. С. 364–397. Трифонов Ю.И. Об этнической принадлежности погребений с конем древнетюркского времени (в связи с вопросом о структуре погребального обряда тюрков–тугю // Тюркологический сборник 1972. / Отв. ред. А.Н. Кононов. М.: Наука, 1973. С. 351–374. Храпунов И.Н., Казанский М.М. Погребение № 114 на могильнике Нейзац (предгорный Крым) и древности кочевников Северного Причерноморья второй половины V — первой половины VI в. // КСИА. Вып. 238. М.: ИА РАН, 2015. С. 170–194. Шишманов И. Българите в “Orlando furioso” и въ по–старата френска драма // Български преглед. VI. Кн. 8. София: Придворна печатница, 1900. Година С. 67–84. Ceglia V. Campochiaro. La necropoli di Vicenne // L’oro degli Avari: popolo delle steppe in Europa. Milano: Inform, 2000. P. 212–221. Ceglia V. Campochiaro: la necropoli altomedievale di Vicenne (CB) // V Settimana beni culturali. Tutela. Catalogo della mostra. Matrice: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1989. P. 63–67. Ceglia V. Interventi di recupero dei siti sparsi e necropolis // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1994. Vol. 7. P. 17–20. Ceglia V. La Necropoli altomedioevale di Vicenne nel Comune di Campochiaro // Almanacco del Molise. Campobasso: Habacus Edithore,1989. Ed. 21, vol. II. P. 153–158. Ceglia V. La necropoli di Campochiaro (Italia) // Roma e i Barbari. La nascita di un nuovo mondo. Catalogo della Mostra (Venezia, 26 gennaio –20 luglio 2008) / A cura di J.J. Aillagon. Milano: Skira, 2008. P. 469–475. Ceglia V. Lo scavo della necropoli di Vicenne // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 31–48. Ceglia V. Necropoli di Vicenne // Studi sull’Italia dei Sanniti. Milano: Electa, 2000. P. 298–302. Ceglia V. Presenze funerarie di eta altomedievale in Molise. Le necropoli di Campochiaro e la tomba del cavaliere // I Longobardi del Sud. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider Editore, 2010. P. 241–255. Ceglia V. Tomba bisoma 88 della necropoli di Campochiaro, localita Morrione // Il futuro dei longobardi. L 'Italia e la costruzione dell' Europa di Carlo Magno / A cura di С. Bertelli, G.P. Brogiolo. Milano: Skira, 2000. P. 80–81. Ceglia V. Varietа di infl ussi culturali nelle necropoli di Campochiaro. Considerazioni preliminari / I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 79–86. Ceglia V., Genito B. La necropoli altomedievale di Vicenne a Campochiaro // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 329–334. Ceglia V., Marchetta I. Nuovi dati dalla necropoli di Vicenne a Campochiaro // La trasformazione del mondo romano e le grandi migrazioni. Nuovi popoli dall'Europa settentrionale e centro–orientale alle coste del Mediterraneo / A cura di C. Ebanista, M. Rotili. Napoli: Tavolario Edizioni, 2012. P. 217–238. Chronicarum quae dicuntur Fredegarii Scholastici libri IV // MGH, Scriptores Rerum Merovingicarum / Ed. B. Krusch. Hannoverae: Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1888. T. 2. P. 1-193. Constitutiones et Acta Publica Imperatorum et Regum // MGH, Rerum Germanicarum Medii Aevi / Ed. L. Weiland. Hannoverae, Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1893. T. I, №. 333. P. 472–477. Curta F. Ethnicity in the Steppe Lands of the Northern Black Sea Region During The Early Byzantine Times // Archaeologia Bulgarica. 2019. T. ХХIII. P. 33–70. De Benedittis G. Di alcuni materiali altomedievali provenienti dal Molise centrale ed il problema topografi co della necropoli di Vicenne // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 103–108. De Benedittis G. Introduzione // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 325–328. De Marchi P.M. Modelli insediativi "militarizzati" d'eta longobarda in Lombardia // Citta, castelli, campagne nel territori di frontiera (secoli 6–7). Mantova: SAP Societa Archeologica S.r.l., 1995. P. 33–85. De Vingo P. Avari e slavi nel Friuli altomedievale secondo l’Historia Langobardorum di Paolo Diacono // Paolo Diacono e il Friuli alto medievale (secc. VI– X). Spoleto: Centro Italiano di studi sull’alto medioevo, 2001. P. 807–815. Ditten H. Protobulgaren und Germanen im 5.–7. Jahrhundert (vor der Grundung des ersten bulgarischen Reiches) // Bulgarian Historical Review. София: Институт за исторически изследвания, 1980. Vol. VIII, 3. P. 51–77. Donceva–Petkova L. Zur ethnischen Zugehörigkeit einiger Nekropolen des 11. Jahrhunderts in Bulgarien // Post–Roman Towns, Trade and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium / Ed. J. Henning. Berlin–New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2007. Vol. 2. S. 643–660. Ebanista C. Gli usi funerari nel ducato di Benevento: alcune considerazioni sulle necropoli campane e molisane di VI–VIII secolo // Archeologia e storia delle migrazioni: Europa, Italia, Mediterraneo fra tarda eta romana e alto medioevo (Giornate sulla tarda antichita e il medioevo, 3). Cimitile: Tavolario Edizioni, 2011. P. 337–364. Ebanista С. Tradizioni funerarie nel ducato di Benevento: l’apporto delle popolazioni alloctone // Nekropoli Longobarde in Italia. Atti del Convegno Internazionale 26–28.09.2011. Trento: Castello del Buonconsiglio, monumenti e collezioni provinciali, 2014. P. 445–471. Fedele A. La deposizione del cavallo nei cimiteri longobardi: dati e prime osservazioni // Archeologia dei Longobardi: dati e metodi per nuovi percorsi di analisi (Archeologia Barbarica, 1). Mantova: SAP Societa Archeologica s.r.l., 2017. P. 59–82. Fedele A., Marchetta I., Colombo D. Ritualita e rappresentazione funeraria nelle tombe di Vicenne (Campochiaro, CB). Una sintesi // Prima e dopo Alboino sulle trace dei Longobardi. Atti del Convegno internazionale di studi Cimitile–Nola–Santa Maria Capua Vetere. Cimitile: Guida, 2019. P. 295–314. Genito B. Archaeology of the Early medieval nomads in Italy: the horse–burials in Molise (7th century) south–central Italy // Kontakte zwischen Iran, Byzanz und der Steppe in 6.–7. Jh. / Hrsg. C. Balint (Varia Archaeologica Hungarica, IX). Budapest: Archaologisches Institut der UAW, 2000. P. 229–247. Genito B. Il Molise nell’altomedioevo: tra Mediterraneo ed Eurasia. Un’occasione perduta? // Miti e popoli del Mediterraneo antico. Scritti in onore di Gabriella d'Henry. Salerno: Tipografi a Fusco, 2014. P. 279–292. Genito B. Materiali e problemi // Conoscenze. Campobasso: Soprintendenza archeologica e per i beni ambientali, architettonici, artistici e storici del Molise, 1988. Vol. 4. P. 49–67. Genito B. Sepolture con cavallo da Vicenne (CB): un rituale nomadico di origine centroasiatica // I Congresso Nazionale di Archeologia Medievale (Pisa 29–31 maggio 1997) / A cura di S. Gelichi. Firenze: All'Insegna del Giglio, 1997. P. 286–289. Genito B. Tombe con cavallo a Vicenne // Samnium: Archeologia del Molisе. Roma: Quasar, 1991. P. 335–338. Giostra C. Il ducato longobardo di Ivrea: la grande necropoli di Borgomasino // Per il Museo di Ivrea. Lasezione archeologica del Museo Civico P.A. Garda / A cura di A. Gabucci, L. Pejrani Baricco, S. Ratto. Firenze: All’Insegna Giglio, 2014. P. 155–176. Hersak E. Vulgarum dux Alzeco // Casopis za zgodovino in narodopisje. Maribor: Izdajata univerza v Mariboru in Zgodovinsko drustvo v Mariboru, 2001. Let. 72 (37), 1–2. S. 269–278. Hodgkin T. Italy and her Invaders. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1895. Vol. VI. 636 p. Jozsa L., Fothi E. Trepanalt koponyak a Karpat–medenceben (a leletek szambavetele, megoszlasa es lelohelyei) // Folia Anthropologica. Szombathely: Balogh es Tarsa Kft, 2007. T. 6. O. 5–18. Koch A. Uberlegungen zum Transfer von Schwerttrag– und –kampfesweise im fruhen Mittelalter am Beispiel chinesischer Schwerter mit p–förmigen Tragriemenhaltern aus dem 6.–8. Jahrhundert n. Chr. // Jahrbucher des Romisch–Germanischen Zentralmuseums. Mainz: RGZM, 1998. Bd. 45. S. 571–598. Kruger K.–H. Zur «beneventanischen» Konzeption der Langobardengeschichte des Paulus Diakonus // Fruhmittelalterliche studien. Berlin–New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1981. Bd. 15. P. 18–35. La Rocca C. Tombe con corredi, etnicita e prestigio sociale: l’Italia longobarda del VII secolo attraverso l’interpretazione archeologica // Archeologia e storia dei Longobardi in Trentino. Mezzolombardo: Comune di Mezzolombardo, 2009. P. 55–76. La Salvia V. La diffusione della staffa nell’area merovingia orientale alla luce delle fonti archeologiche // Temporis Signa. Spoleto: Fondazione Centro Italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo, 2007. Vol. 2. P. 155–171. Laszlo O. Detailed Analysis of a Trepanation from the Late Avar Period (Turn of the 7th–8th Centuries—811) and Its Signifi cance in the Anthropological Material of the Carpathian Basin // International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. Published online in Wiley Online Library, 2016. Vol. 26–2. P. 359–365. Marchetta I. Ceramica ed Ethnos nelle tombe di Vicenne (Campochiaro, CB): il ritual funerario attraverso l’analisi del corredo vascolare // Le forme della crisi. Produzioni ceramiche e commerce nell’Italia centrale tra Romani e Longobardi (III–VIII sec. d.C.) / A cura di E. Cirelli, F. Diosono, H. Patterson. Bologna: Ante Quem, 2015. P. 663–671. Marchetta I. Il carattere composito del regno: le necropoli di Campochiaro (Campobasso) (cat. II.36–40) // Longobardi. Un popolo che cambia la storia. Schede mostra / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo, F. Marazzi, C. Giostra. Milano, Skira, 2017. P. 54–58. Mednikova M.B. Prehistoric Trepanations in Russia: Ritual or Surgical? // Trepanation: History, Discovery, Theory / Eds. R. Arnott, S. Finger, S. Smith C. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger, 2003. P. 163–174. Muratori L.A. Antiquitates Italicae medii Aevi, sive Dissertationes. Mediolani: Ex Typographia societatis Palatinae, 1740. T. III. 1242 coll.Pasqui U. Documenti per la storia della citta di Arezzo nel medio evo. Arezzo: G.P. Vieusseux, 1899. Vol. I. 576 p. Pauli historia Langohardorum // MGH. Scriptores rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum saec. VI–IX / Ed. G. Waitz. Hannoverae: Impensis bibliopolii hahniani, 1878. Bd. I. P. 12–187. Pieri S. Toponomastica della Toscana meridionale (valli della Fiora, dell ‘Ombrone, della Cecina e fi umi minori) e dell‘Arcipelago Toscano. Siena: Accademia senese degli intronati, 1969. 472 p. Pohl W. Die Awaren. Ein Steppenvolk im Mittelalter. 567–822. Munchen: Verlag C.H. Beck, 1988. 529 p. Polverari A. Una Bulgaria nella Pentapoli. Longobardi, Bulgari e Sclavini a Senigallia. Senigallia: Pierfederici, 1969. 41 p. Premuzic Z., Rajic Sikanjic P., Rapan Papesa A. A case of Avar period trepanation from Croatia // Anthropological Review. Published online by De Gruyter, 2016. Vol. 79 (4). P. 471–482. Provesi C. Cavalli e cavalieri in Italia nell'Alto Medioevo (secc. V–X): studio della simbologia equestre attraverso fonti narrative, documentarie e archeologiche. Tesi di Dottorato. Venezia, 2013. Provesi C. I cavalieri e le loro donne, uno studio dei corredi funerari di VI–VII secolo // Univ. Degli studi di Verona. Verona, 2013. Доступно по URL: https://www.yumpu.com/it/document/view/16247410/chiara–provesi–scuola–superiore–di–studi–storici–geografi ci–(Дата обращения 04.12.2020) Provesi C. Uomini e cavalli in Italia meridionale da Cassiodoro ad Alzecone // Ipsam Nolam barbari vastaverunt: l’Italia e il Mediterraneo occidentale tra il V secolo e la metа del VI. Cimitile: Tavolario Edizioni, 2010. P. 97–111. Repetti E. Dizionario geografi co fi sico storico della Toscana. Firenze: Presso L’autore e editore, 1833. Vol. 1. 846 p. Rotili M. I Longobardi migrazioni, etnogenesi, insediamento // I Longobardi del Sud. Roma: Giorgio Bretschneider Editore, 2010. P. 1–77. Rubini M, Zaio P. Warriors from the East. Skeletal evidence of warfare from a Lombard–Avar cemetery in Central Italy (Campochiaro, Molise, 6th–8th Century AD) // Journal of Archaeological Science. Published online by Elsevier, 2011. Vol. 38. Issue 7. P. 1551–1559. Rubini M. Gli Avari in Molise. La necropoli di Campochiaro Morrione // ArcheoMolise. Associazione culturale ArcheoIdea. Isernia: Associazione culturale ArcheoIdea, 2009. T. II (apr.–giu. 2009). Р. 17–25. Rubini M. Il popolamento del Molise durante l’alto medioevo // I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 151–162. Sabatini F. Rifl essi linguistici della dominazione longobarda nell’Italia mediana e meridionale // Aristocrazie e societa fra transizione romano–germanica e alto medioevo. San Vitaliano: Tavolario Edizioni, 2015. P. 353–441. Sarno E. Campobasso da castrum a citta murattiana. Roma: Aracne, 2012. 324 p. Schneider F. Regestum Volaterranum. Regesten der Urkunden von Volterra (778–1303). Roma: Ermanno Loescher, 1907. 448 p. Staffa A.R. Una terra di frontiera: Abruzzo e Molise fra VI e VII Secolo // Citta, castelli, campagne nei territori di frontiera (secoli VI–VII) / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo. Мantova: Padus, 1995. P. 187–238. Staffa A.R. Bizantini e Longobardi fra Abruzzo e Molise (secc. VI–VII) / I beni culturali nel Molise. Il Medioevo / A cura di De Benedittis G. Campobasso: Istituto regionale per gli studi storici del Molise “V. Cuoco”, 2004. P. 215–248. Tomka P. Die Bestattungsformen der Awaren // Hunnen und Awaren. Reitervolker aus dem Osten. Burgenlandische Landesausstellung 1996 Schloss Halbturn vom 26. April bis 31. Oktober 1996. Begleitbuch und Katalog / Ed. F. Daim. Eisenstadt: Burgenland, Landesregierung, 1996. S. 384–387. Tornesi M. Presenze alloctone nell’Italia centrale: tempi, modalita e forme dell’organizzazione territorial nell’Abruzzo altomediale. Tesi di Dottorato. Roma: Sapienza universita’ di Roma, 2012. 275 p. Valenti M. Villaggi nell’eta delle migrazioni // I Longobardi. Dalla caduta dell’Impero all’alba dell’Italia / A cura di G.P. Brogiolo, A. Chavarria Arnau. Catalogo della mostra (Torino 28 settembre 2007–6 gennaio 2008). Milano: Silvana Editoriale, 2007. P. 151–158. Villa L. Il Friuli longobardo е gli Avari // L'oro degli Avari. Popolo delle steppe in Europa. Milano: Inform, 2000. P. 187–189. Wattenbach W. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter. Berlin: Verlag von Wilhelm Hertz, 1858. Vol. I. 478 p. Wattenbach W., Levison W., Lowe H. Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter. Vorzeit und Karolinger. Weimar: Hermann Bohlaus nachfolger, 1953, Heft II. P. 157–290.

ObjectiveBarley and rye are major components of the Western diet, and historic feeding studies indicate that they cause clinical effects in patients with coeliac disease (CD). This toxicity has been attributed to sequence homology with immunogenic wheat sequences, but in adults with CD, these cereals stimulate unique T cells, indicating a critical contribution to gluten immunity independent of wheat. Clinical and immune feeding studies with these grains in children with CD are sparse. We undertook a barley and rye feeding study to characterise the clinical and T-cell responses in children with CD.Design42 children with human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2.5+ (aged 3–17 years) consumed barley or rye for 3 days. Blood-derived gluten-specific T cells were tested for reactivity against a panel of barley (hordein) and rye (secalin) peptides. Hordein and secalin-specific T-cell clones were generated and tested for grain cross-reactivity. T-cell receptor sequencing was performed on sorted single cells. T-cell responses were compared with those observed in adults with CD.Results90% of the children experienced adverse symptoms, mostly GI, and 61% had detectable gluten-specific T-cell responses targeting peptides homologous to those immunogenic in adults. Deamidation was important for peptide reactivity. Homozygosity for HLA-DQ2.5 predicted a stronger T-cell response. Gluten-specific T cells showed striking similarities in their cross-reactivity between children and adults.ConclusionsBarley and rye induce a consistent range of clinical and T-cell responses in children with CD. The findings highlight the importance of a series of dominant hordein and secalin peptides pathogenic in children with CD, some independent of wheat, which closely correspond to those seen in adults.

The objective of the present study was to explore the polymorphism of microsatellite markers localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H in 15 genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), spring form (2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes, genome HVHV) from the collection of genetic resources of the Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd. showing various degrees of susceptibility toRhynchosporium secalis. The selection of SSR markers was based on hitherto achieved knowledge according to which the greatest amount of resistance genes againstRhynchosporium secalisis localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H of barley. We selected 33 SSR markers for the analyses; 17 were localised on chromosome 3H of barley and 16 on chromosome 7H. Out of the total 33 SSR markers, 32 were polymorphous and one mar­ker (Bmac0282) was monomorphic. In total we detected 172 alleles ranging between 101 and 235 bp; the average number of alleles per locus was 5.21. In terms of the polymorphism of the SSR markers localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H the highest polymorphism (60%) was detected in theBmag0006andBmag0021SSR markers; the lowest in theBmag0877andEBmac0713markers, i.e. 20% and 13.3%, respectively. The average polymorphism based on analyses of 17 SSR markers on chromosome 3H was 37.6% and of 16 SSR markers on chromosome 7H was 31.3%. We also calculated the statistical indicators of the variability rate characteristics of the individual microsatellite markers: diversity index (DI) which ranged between 0.000 and 0.907 (on average 0.704); polymorphous information content (PIC) ranging between 0.000 and 0.906 (on average 0.679); and probability identity (PI) ranging between 0.006 and 1.000 (on average 0.137). On the basis of constructed dendrograms for SSR markers of both chromosomes together it was possible to divide the analysed set into cluster I of genotypes resistant and cluster II of genotypes susceptible and moderately susceptible toRhynchosporium secalis, and was not possible in dendrograms of individual chromosomes.

Spatial and temporal variability and bloom formation of the potentially toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. was investigated weekly to monthly from October 2009 to October 2010 in a eutrophic estuary, the Golden Horn. Pseudo-nitzschia spp. were detected in 195 of 512 samples (38%) collected throughout the year. Two species, P. calliantha and P. pungens, were identified based on the SEM examination. Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia occurred in the lower and middle estuary in January and May. The bloom in January mainly comprised P. calliantha. In the bloom in early May, P. calliantha made up 72% of the Pseudo-nitzschia cells and P. pungens 28%. However, the contribution of P. pungens increased to 83% in late May. The Pseudo-nitzschia blooms occurred at low temperature (9–15°C) and moderate salinity (17–18), and for P. calliantha a significant negative correlation was found with temperature and a significant positive correlation with salinity. The percentage of Pseudo-nitzschia cells decreased gradually from lower to upper estuary (59–14%), correlating with a decrease in Secchi depth (5.5–0.5 m). Principal components analyses (PCA) were used to explore the spatial and temporal variability of environmental factors in relation to Pseudo-nitzschia abundances, and showed that NH4, pH, Secchi depth and DO values were the most important factors reflecting spatial differences, while temperature, salinity, Chl-a and Si:N were more important factors showing temporal differences. High abundances of P. pungens correlated mainly with pH, Secchi depth and DO values, whereas P. calliantha also correlated with NO3 + NO2. Low light availability due to high concentrations of suspended material and very variable environmental conditions (e.g. pH, DO and NH4) may have limited growth of Pseudo-nitzschia in the upper estuary. Regular monitoring of Pseudo-nitzschia is important for improving the understanding of the influence of environmental parameters on bloom dynamics in the study area.

The development and progression of human tumors often involves inactivation of tumor suppressor gene function. Observations that specific chromosome deletions correlate with distinct groups of cancer suggest that some types of tumors may share common defective tumor suppressor genes. In support of this notion, our initial studies showed that four human carcinoma cell lines belong to the same complementation group for tumorigenic potential. In this investigation, we have extended these studies to six human soft tissue sarcoma cell lines. Our data showed that hybrid cells between a peripheral neuroepithelioma (PNET) cell line and normal human fibroblasts or HeLa cells were nontumorigenic. However, hybrid cells between the PNET cell line and five other soft tissue sarcoma cell lines remained highly tumorigenic, suggesting at least one common genetic defect in the control of tumorigenic potential in these cells. To determine the location of this common tumor suppressor gene, we examined biochemical and molecular polymorphic markers in matched pairs of tumorigenic and nontumorigenic hybrid cells between the PNET cell line and a normal human fibroblast. The data showed that loss of the fibroblast-derived chromosome 17 correlated with the conversion from nontumorigenic to tumorigenic cells. Transfer of two different chromosome 17s containing a mutant form of the p53 gene into the PNET cell line caused suppression of tumorigenic potential, implying the presence of a second tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 17.

The development and progression of human tumors often involves inactivation of tumor suppressor gene function. Observations that specific chromosome deletions correlate with distinct groups of cancer suggest that some types of tumors may share common defective tumor suppressor genes. In support of this notion, our initial studies showed that four human carcinoma cell lines belong to the same complementation group for tumorigenic potential. In this investigation, we have extended these studies to six human soft tissue sarcoma cell lines. Our data showed that hybrid cells between a peripheral neuroepithelioma (PNET) cell line and normal human fibroblasts or HeLa cells were nontumorigenic. However, hybrid cells between the PNET cell line and five other soft tissue sarcoma cell lines remained highly tumorigenic, suggesting at least one common genetic defect in the control of tumorigenic potential in these cells. To determine the location of this common tumor suppressor gene, we examined biochemical and molecular polymorphic markers in matched pairs of tumorigenic and nontumorigenic hybrid cells between the PNET cell line and a normal human fibroblast. The data showed that loss of the fibroblast-derived chromosome 17 correlated with the conversion from nontumorigenic to tumorigenic cells. Transfer of two different chromosome 17s containing a mutant form of the p53 gene into the PNET cell line caused suppression of tumorigenic potential, implying the presence of a second tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 17.

An analysis of errors in an approximately 400 page corpus of German essays by American college students in second-year language courses shows that syntax is the most problematic area, followed by morphology. These two categories together make up 53% of errors. Errors are divided into five categories and two types. The study, a contribution to the error analysis element of a syntactic parser of German, indicates that most student errors (80%) are not of semantic origin, and therefore, are potentially recognizable by a syntactic parser.

Abstract Background Recombinant Zoster Vaccine (RZV) was licensed in the United States (US) in October 2017 for the prevention of herpes zoster in adults ≥ 50 years of age (YOA). The vaccine is administered in a two-dose sequence with a 2- to 6-month interval; however, the Center for Disease Control & Prevention has advised against restarting a series after the prescribed window. This study describes an assessment of 2nd dose completion and compliance of RZV in the US. Methods Primary analysis was conducted on a cohort ≥ 50 YOA who received an initial RZV dose between October 2017 and September 2018 as indicated in the IQVIA longitudinal prescription claims or medical claims databases. Subjects were required to have ≥ 1 year of observable time post initial dose. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using all eligible subjects regardless of observable time post initial dose. Endpoints of analyses were monthly and cumulative 2nd dose label-compliant proportions at 6 months and completers by 12-month intervals and time to completion from initial RZV vaccine administration with stratifications by age, sex, claim source and payer type. Results The primary sample included 1,225,088 subjects, while the sensitivity analysis included 7,097,441 (Table 1). Overall, 2nd RZV dose completion was 70.4% within 6 months and 81.8% within 12 months. Minimal variation for 12-month completion was demonstrated across age (77.2–84.5%), sex (81.7–81.9%), and Commercial vs. Medicare (80.9–83.0%). However, larger variations were seen across claim sources and other payer type, with medical claims (64.9%), Medicaid patients (72.8%) and Cash patients (74.7%) having lower rates at 12 months (Table 2). Overall, the average time to completion was around 4 months regardless of stratification except by claims source, with medical claims taking 5 months on average to complete. The sensitivity analysis of the variable follow-up cohort demonstrated findings consistent with that of the primary sample. Conclusion Assessment of RZV suggests high levels of completion across age, sex, payer type and claim sources. More effort is needed to understand barriers to completion rates in Medicaid patients and settings where vaccination claims are processed outside of the vaccine recipient’s pharmacy benefit. Disclosures Brandon J. Patterson, PharmD, PhD, GSK (Employee, Shareholder) Chi-Chang Chen, PhD, MSPharm, GSK (Research Grant or Support) Catherine B. McGuiness, MA, MS, GSK (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer (Shareholder) Lisa I. Glasser, MD, GSK (Employee, Shareholder) Kainan Sun, MS, PhD, GSK (Research Grant or Support) Philip O. Buck, PhD, MPH, ORCID: 0000-0002-3898-3669, GSK (Employee, Shareholder)

ABSTRACT:Second impact syndrome (SIS) is associated with malignant brain swelling and usually occurs in young athletes with one or more prior, recent concussions. SIS is rare and some dispute its existence. We report a case of SIS in Rowan Stringer, age 17, a rugby player who sustained a fatal brain injury despite prompt medical therapy including decompression surgery. The cause of the massive brain swelling was initially unknown. An inquest revealed Rowan’s text messages to friends describing symptoms from two prior, recent rugby brain injuries, likely concussions, within 5 days of the fatal blow and confirming the diagnosis of SIS.

Abstract Purpose To explore the efficacy and safety of using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) adjacent to the second hepatic hilus. Methods Between February 2011 and June 2013, 17 patients with HCC underwent combination therapy of TACE and RFA under DSA and CT guidance at our institution. The 17 patients had a total of 23 hepatic tumors, 17 of which were adjacent to the second hepatic hilus. Results TACE combined with RFA was performed successfully in all 17 patients with no mortalities or major morbidities. During the 1-month follow-up, tumors of 15 patients (88.2%) were completely ablated after one therapy session and 2 patients had detectable tumor residue. During the follow-up time period (range 6–52 months), local tumor progression developed in 1 patient (1/17, 5.9%) and both local tumor progression and new tumors appeared in 1 patient (1/17, 5.9%). Also, new tumors developed in the untreated portions of the liver in 8 patients (8/17, 47.1%). No distant metastasis was found. Of the 17 patients, 6 (35.3%) died due to tumor progression (3/17, 17.6%), liver failure (2/17, 11.8%), or massive hemorrhage of the gastrointestinal tract (1/17, 5.9%). The overall survival rates were 94.1% (16/17), 82.4% (14/17), and 61.8% (11/17) at 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively, and the median survival time was 25 months (95% CI 18–27). Conclusion Treatment using combination of TACE and RFA is an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for treating HCC with tumor(s) adjacent to the second hepatic hilus.

A study of spatial and temporal variations on water quality and trophic status was conducted to determine the temporal (average reading by month) and spatial variations of water quality in Sembrong reservoir and to evaluate the trophic status of the reservoir. Water samples were collected once a month from November 2016 to June 2017 in seventeen (17) sampling stations at Sembrong Reservoir. Results obtained on the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature, pH and secchi depth had no significant differences compared to Total Phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll-a. The water level has significantly decreased the value of the water temperature, pH and TP. The water quality of Sembrong reservoir is classified in Class II which is suitable for recreational uses and required conventional treatment while TSI indicates that sembrong reservoir was in lower boundary of classical eutrophic (TSI > 50).

The crossover second toe deformity occurs when the lateral collateral ligament and joint capsule of the second metatarsophalangeal joint deteriorate. The second toe initially deviates in a medial direction but with time deviates dorsally and crosses up and over the great toe. A total of 17 patients (22 toes) were evaluated and 11 patients (15 toes) underwent surgical correction. A 90° satisfactory rate was noted at 42 months follow-up.