Relevant bibliographies by topics / Seawater corrosion

Academic literature on the topic 'Seawater corrosion'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

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Sochu, Witchapong, Nitikorn Noraphaiphipaksa, Anchalee Manonukul, and Chaosuan Kanchanomai. "Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics approach for stress corrosion cracking of nickel aluminium bronze under ammonia-containing artificial seawater." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 27, no. 5 (April 4, 2017): 729–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789517702210.

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With the growth of urbanization and industries, the seawater near coastal areas has become polluted, and the nickel aluminium bronze components around coastal areas are affected by ammonia-containing seawater. Unfortunately, the influence of the ammonia concentration in seawater on the stress corrosion cracking of thin nickel aluminium bronze components with large plastic zones at the defects has not been evaluated before. In the present work, stress corrosion cracking experiments on nickel aluminium bronze components under artificial seawater and ammonia-containing artificial seawater were conducted using a four-point bending technique. The elastic–plastic fracture mechanics parameter ( J-integral) was evaluated using finite element analysis. The J-integral successfully characterized the crack growth rate under the present corrosive environments. Stress corrosion cracking was possible under both artificial seawater and ammonia-containing artificial seawater. The threshold J-integral for susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking ( JSCC) and fracture toughness ( JC) was the highest for stress corrosion cracking under artificial seawater and decreased as the amount of ammonium hydroxide added to the artificial seawater increased.
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Xu, Chun Xia, Zhong Wen Ou, Jun Long Zhou, Han Bin Chen, and Qiao Chen. "Investigation on Protectional Ability on Steel Bar of Compound Corrosion Inhibitor Applied in Seawater-and-Sea Sand Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 864–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.864.

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Seawater and sea sand mixed in concrete will cause rebar of structural concrete corrosion, referring to the principles of composition and design of MCI and Pearson’s Hard-Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) theory, as well as to synergy effect of corrosion inhibitor applied in chemical industry, compound corrosion inhibitor has been designed consisting of diisopropanolamine, surface active agent, inorganic salts and so on. This paper research the relation between polarization potential and time of rebar in seawater-and-sea sand concrete through a series of experiments by adding corrosion inhibitor into seawater-and-sea sand concrete to improve its corrosive resistance characteristics. The results indicate that Z5 has the best inhibition effect. Corrosion inhibitor Z5 comprises 50% of triethanolamine, 20% of dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), 25% of triethoxysilane and 5%lithium nitrate, and its proper content applied in seawater-and-sea sand concrete is 1.5%. Rebar have been embedded in seawater-and-sea sand concrete for the long-term test. The results show that corrosion resistance performance of seawater-and-sea sand concrete with corrosion inhibitor Z5 was significantly improved, and the embedded bar was not corroded at all within 420 days.
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Khan, Akib Abdullah, Mohammad Salim Kaiser, and Maglub Al Nur. "Investigation of the Electrochemical Corrosion Property of 2xxx Series Cast Aluminium Alloy in 0.3 M, 0.6 M NaCl, and Seawater Environments." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1305, no. 1 (April 1, 2024): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1305/1/012038.

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Abstract The electrochemical corrosion activities of 2xxx series Al alloys were investigated in NaCl of 0.3 M, and 0.6 M concentrations and seawater environments. Both Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods were followed to analyze the corrosion behavior. These results implied that corrosive attack is more aggressive in sodium chloride solution compared to seawater, as additional elements present in seawater are involved in forming various protective layers. Again, a higher concentration of NaCl solution damaged the alloy surface more drastically. The open circuit potential moved towards the nobler direction in the case of seawater environment, and 0.3 M solution for NaCl. The corrosion rate and corrosion current showed higher values in NaCl solution than in seawater. The surface morphologies of the alloys were characterized not only with an optical microscope but with a scanning electron microscope also. The scratch marks from polishing were removed after corrosion. Extensive damage to the surface was found in the NaCl environment, where 0.6 M solution created the most damage, which is evident by both optical and scanning electron micrography. A higher level of pitting corrosion occurred in NaCl than in seawater, identified by SEM images.
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Li, Ming, Huajie Wu, and Yanhui Sun. "Corrosion Performance of Welded Joints for E40 Marine Steel." Metals 13, no. 9 (August 28, 2023): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13091528.

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Marine steel requires excellent toughness and corrosion resistance in a low-temperature seawater environment. In this study, corrosion tests on E40 steel were performed, including electrochemical testing of the weld metal and heat-affected zone, dynamic corrosion testing in a simulated seawater environment, and the analysis and comparison of results obtained using different methods. The corrosion resistance of E40 was determined by measuring the saturation current density of the anodic dissolution of the steel in a corrosive medium by an electrochemical method. Under laboratory conditions, the corrosion resistance was investigated under simulated seawater. The results showed that regions with uneven microhardness corresponded to the inhomogeneity of the corrosion potential, with measured fluctuations of up to 40 mV. Nanoscale corrosive–aggressive non-metallic inclusions served as a substrate for the deposition of titanium and niobium carbonitrides, thereby weakening the corrosion resistance. The corrosion rate of the base metal was 1.16–1.64 mm/year, which was slightly higher than that of the heat-affected zone. The influence of deposition on the corrosion performance of welded joints under different deoxygenation processes was studied, and the deposition composition was controlled by a deoxygenation process to improve the corrosion resistance of the steel plate.
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Xu, Qingzhong, Liyong Chen, Mingjia Sun, Guijie Wang, and Yan Liu. "A comparative study of corrosion property, tribological behavior and cutting performance of tool materials for the cutting of marine high-strength steels in the marine environment." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 235, no. 1-2 (August 23, 2020): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420949225.

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To select the optimum tool material for the cutting of marine high-strength steels using a hole-opening equipment in the marine environment, this article conducted a comparative study on the corrosion property, tribological behavior and cutting performance of cermet, cemented carbide and coated tools. The results reveal that the coated tool materials have good corrosion resistance with coating protection, and poor wear resistance with adhesive and corrosive wear in artificial seawater, and present moderate cutting performance. In addition, the cemented carbide tool materials show poor corrosion resistance and good wear resistance due to the lubrication effect of corrosion products in artificial seawater, but have bad cutting performance with a high flank wear value. Moreover, the cermet tool materials present acceptable corrosion and wear resistance with adhesive and corrosive wear in artificial seawater and have the excellent cutting performance. Taking into account the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and cutting performance of tool materials and regarding cutting performance as an important indicator, the cermet tool materials with superior comprehensive performances are suitable for the cutting of marine high-strength steels in the marine environment.
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Deviyani, Larisa, and Isdiriayani Nurdin. "Inhibisi korosi baja dalam air laur mengandung sulfida menggunakan glutaraldehida." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 5, no. 1 (October 2, 2018): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2006.5.1.2.

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Most of steel corrosion on process equipment using seawater as utilities is due to corrosive seawater contaminants; one of which is sulfide. Corrosion control, which is commonly applied to steel in sulfide containing seawater, is chemical inhibition. In this research, the influence of H2S concentration on corrosion of steel in artificial seawater, and determination of the optimum doses of glutaraldehyde as corrosion inhibitor, are carried out by corrosion rate measurement according Tafel method; while prediction of inhibition mechanism is studied according to cyclic voltammetry method. The experimental result shows that steel is readily corroded in artificial seawater. Addition of H2S to artificial seawater increases corrosion rate. Glutaraldehiyde is an effective corrosion inhibitor for steel in seawater contaminated by H2S. The highest inhibition effectiveness on steel corrosion in seawater contaminated by 250 ppm H2S is 99.99%, which is obtained by adding of 80 ppm glutaraldehiyde. Generally, the oxidation reaction of steel in artificial seawater contaminated by H2S and inhibited with glutaraldehyde, is a one step irreversible reaction giving unstable product. Glutaraldehyde inhibits corrosion reaction through adsorption on steel surface, proven by reduction of corrosion product quantity.Keywords: Corrosion Inhibitor, Steel, Glutaraldehyde, Sulfide. AbstrakKorosi peralatan proses terbuat dari bajayang menggunakan air laut sebagai air utilitas disebabkan oleh kontaminan air laut yang bersifat korosif, salah satunya adalah sulfida. Pengendalian korosi baja dalam air laut mengandung sulfida dilakukan dengan penambahan inhibitor. Pada penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi H2S dalam air laut terhadap korosi baja, serta menentukan dosis optimum glutaraldehida sebagai inhibitor korosi, dilakukan pengukuran laju korosi baja dengan metoda Tafel, dan perkiraan mekanisme inhibisi dengan metode voltameri siklik. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa baja terkorosi dalam air laut tiruan. Penambahan H2S dalam air laut tiruan meningkatkan laju korosi baja. Glutaraldehida efektif sebagai inhibitor korosi baja dalam air laut terkontaminasi H2S, dengan keefektifan inhibisi tertinggi adalah 99,99%, yang diperoleh dengan penambahan 80 ppm glutaraldehida ke dalam air laut tiruan yang mengandung 250 ppm H2S. Secara umum reaksi oksidasi baja dalam air laut tiruan terkontaminasi H2S dengan penambahan glutaraldehida berlangsung dalam satu tahap, merupakan reaksi irreversibel dengan produk reaksi yang bersifat tidak stabil. Inhibitor glutaraldehida menghambat korosi dengan cara teradsorbsi dipermukaan pelat baja, terbukti dengan penurunan kuantitas produk korosi.Kata Kunci: Inhibitor Korosi, Baja, Glutaraldehida, Sulfida
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Pješčić-Šćepanović, Jelena, Gyöngyi Vastag, Špiro Ivošević, Nataša Kovač, and Rebeka Rudolf. "Corrosion of NiTiDiscs in Different Seawater Environments." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 13, 2022): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082841.

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This paper gives an approach to the corrosion resistance analysis and changes in the chemical composition of anNiTi alloy in the shape of a disc, depending on different real seawater environments. The NiTi discs were analysed after 6 months of exposure in real seawater environments: the atmosphere, a tidal zone, and seawater. The corrosion tests showed that the highest corrosion rate for the discs is in seawater because this had the highest value of current density, and the initial disc had the most negative potential. Measuring the chemical composition of the discs using inductively coupled plasma and X-ray fluorescence before the experiment and semiquantitative analysis after the experiment showed the chemical composition after 6 months of exposure. Furthermore, the applied principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed the influence of the different environments on the changes in the chemical composition of the discs. Cluster analysis detected small differences between the similar corrosive influences of the analysed types of environments during the period of exposure. The obtained results confirm that PCA can detect subtle quantitative differences among the corrosive influences of the types of marine environments, although the examined corrosive influences are quite similar. The applied chemometric methods (CA and PCA) are, therefore, sensitive enough to register the existence of slight differences among corrosive environmental influences on the analysed NiTi SMA.
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Ismail, A. "Corrosion Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel in High Sulphate Content." Advanced Materials Research 893 (February 2014): 397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.397.

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Austenitic stainless steels especially 316L has been used extensively in many sectors including construction, medical and household appliances due to their highly resistance to corrosion attack, reasonable cost and excel in mechanical properties. However, in corrosive media, 316L are susceptible to localised corrosion attack especially in seawater and high temperature. The corrosiveness of media increased as the anions contents increased. This paper presents the corrosion mechanism of 316L exposed to high concentration of sulphate in the salinity of seawater. The solution (media) was prepared according to the same composition as seawater including pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The corrosion mechanism were characterized to breakdown potential (Eb) of 316L which are the potential once reaches a sufficiently positive value and also known as pitting potential. This is the most point where localized corrosion susceptibility to evaluate and considered a potential, which could be an appropriate point according to any given combination of material/ambient/testing methods. The Eb value were identified at 4°C, 20°C, 50°C and 80°C and compared with Eb value of 316L in seawater. The Eb value of 316L in high sulphate are higher compared to seawater in every temperature which elucidate that some anions accelerate corrosion attack whereas some anions such as sulphate behaves as inhibiting effect to 316L.
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Starosta, Robert. "Influence of Seawater Salinity on Corrosion of Austenitic Steel." Journal of KONES 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0076.

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Abstract Due to the paramagnetic properties and the ability to passivation, for the production of hulls of some vessels (mainly warships), corrosion-resistant (stainless) steels with austenitic structure are used. This article describes the influence of seawater salinity on selected corrosion properties of high-alloy steel X5CrNi 18-10 (304). The average salinity of the seas is taken as 3.5% content of sodium chloride. Corrosion rate of the tested material was evaluated in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride was evaluated. The NaCl concentration in corrosive solutions was 0.7%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 2.8%, 3.5%, 4.2%. Corrosion tests were performed using the potentiodynamic method. The range of electrochemical potential changes was Ecorr ±150 mV. Corrosion rate was assessed on the basis of corrosion current density measurements. Corrosion potential values against the saturated calomel electrode were also determined. Based on the obtained measurement results and non-parametric significance tests carried out, a significant influence of seawater salinity on the value of corrosion current density and corrosion potential was found. The highest value of corrosion current density (jcorr), and thus the highest corrosion rate, was recorded for 3.5% NaCl solution. In the concentration range from 0.7 to 3.5% NaCl in solution, the corrosion rate of austenitic steel increases. A further increase in salinity of electrolyte results in the inhibition of corrosion rate of steel. There is almost a full negative, linear correlation between the proportion of sodium chloride in the corrosive solution and the value of corrosion potential. Along with the rise in the salinity of seawater, increase the electrochemical activity, and thus the corrosion susceptibility, thus the corrosion susceptibility, of the austenitic steel X5CrNi 18-10 was observed.
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Mainier, F. B., A. M. Coelho, and E. F. Barros. "Corrosivity Evaluation of Copper-Nickel Alloy (90/10) in Pumps Used in Offshore Platforms for Seawater Pumping." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 5 (October 9, 2019): 4636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3016.

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This work discusses the case of corrosion in a copper-nickel alloy used in seawater, where chlorination is necessary to control micro- and macro-organism growth that can render inoperable the seawater supply system used in an offshore platform. Studies developed in the last 30 years have shown copper-nickel’s adequateness in seawater, with a corrosion rate of about 0.001mm/year. However, annual equipment inspection showed localized corrosion in an internal chamber in a stand-by pump. Such corrosion occurred due to high-concentration of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) injection into the operational system, even for pumps that were out of operation. To evaluate this corrosive process, gravimetric (mass loss) and electrochemical tests were developed in synthetic seawater with NaClO at concentrations of 100, 500, 1000 and 5000mg/L. The results indicated that the corrosiveness varied from low to moderate. The presence of pitting and crevices observed in the laboratory tests derails or compromises material use in seawater. It was concluded that there is a need for continuous monitoring of the NaClO injection in seawater pumps, and a method was proposed in order to minimize or avoid a high concentration of chlorine in standby pumps.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

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Speyer, Andrew James. "Wear/corrosion sensing in flowing seawater." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269992.

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Singh, Harshmeet. "The corrosion behaviour of aluminium alloy B206 in seawater." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56551.

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Aluminium alloy B206 is one of the strongest and toughest alloys in the cast aluminium family. Although it is light and has excellent low cycle fatigue strength, AA B206 has been known to perform adversely due to its poor corrosion resistance. Thus corrosion has been identified as one of the major issues that jeopardizes the long-term use and performance of B206. The corrosion behaviour of B206 in seawater is studied through immersion testing and electrochemical techniques such as Potentiodynmaic Polarization, Potentiostatic Polarization, Cyclic Potentiodynmic Polarization and Linear Sweep Thermmametry in two different solutions, namely natural seawater and simulated seawater, at various temperatures. Techniques like Optical Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy have been used to investigate the microstructure and surface morphology before and after the electrochemical tests. Heat treatment has been performed on the as-received samples using RRA and T7 heat treatment techniques to compare the corrosion behaviour of the former with the latter using electrochemical techniques and image analysis. Lastly, hardness tests have been performed on various heat treated and as-cast samples to establish a comparison in mechanical properties. This study shows that the extent of B206 corrosion depends on the oxidizing nature of the seawater environment i.e. low or high redox potential rather than on the temperature of the seawater. Natural seawater is more aggressive than simulated seawater. Also, heat treatment improved the corrosion resistance as compared to as-cast B206 which was determined by the values of corrosion current density and surface analysis. Furthermore, heat treatment has led to better mechanical properties as determined by hardness tests.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Materials Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Thistlethwaite, Christopher. "Behaviour of massive reinforced concrete sections in seawater." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/4819cd1e-a5ce-48c2-a982-874196b3e8d9.

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This study combined research available through literature with extensive experimental studies and substantial physical modelling to estimate the remaining ultimate life of large offshore reinforced concrete structures. Although much research has focussed on concrete degradation due to chloride ingress, corrosion of permanently submerged concrete is regarded as negligible due to the long-assumed apparent worst case of tidal or splash zone exposure. Around 350 specimens were tested with a further 200 exposed for further testing by future research groups. Specimens ranged in size from standard cubes to various beam lengths up to 1.5 metres, allowing for material and structural properties to be assessed. My original contribution to knowledge in the sector enhances the fundamental understanding of corrosion in subsea concrete, challenging the generally held belief of negligible corrosion. Results and modelling provides an improved ability to ultimately estimate the longevity of fully submerged offshore reinforced concrete. Throughout this thesis, the results from experimental works, carried out as a direct result of the lack of data or information in literature, are reported, assessed and then utilised to provide updated ultimate life estimations. With the current offshore concrete structures currently coming to the end of their service life, and the likelihood of further offshore development using concrete for the renewables sector, understanding the long-term degradation is vital in determining the most effective decommissioning and derogation options. The research carried out directly provides detailed information of the likely time-to-failure, allowing for an informed decision to be made on operational and decommissioning plans. Experimental work was carried out over four main phases; corrosion initiation due to bulk diffusion of chlorides (Phase I), corrosion propagation in low oxygen environments (Phase II), corrosion in statically and dynamically cracked sections (Phase III) and structural response of heavily corroded individual and lapped bar sections (Phase IV). Phase I work shows a marked difference between submerged exposures to seawater as opposed to NaCl solution, the unsuitability for accelerated testing with seawater and the likelihood of rapid initiation in offshore structures. Further experimental works through Phases II and III found that although exposed to low oxygen concentrations, reinforcement corrosion continued at significant rates. A variation between anode sizes on the reinforcement is noted, but critically the cross sectional area of the steel was still reduced, albeit in fewer locations. Corrosive products were visibly different, with fewer expansive products, if any, present. Additionally, this study further highlights the importance of cracking on corrosion, currently ignored by recent model codes, such as the fib Model Code 2010, up to 0.2mm crack width. A linear relationship was found between crack width and corrosion rates, with cracking above 0.1mm considered significant. The loss of cross sectional area due to propagation was determined for the given environment, and consequently further studies were initiated in an attempt to determine the relationship between this corrosion propagation and the reduced serviceability or ultimate life of concrete beams. Serviceability, defined by beam stiffness, was reduced due to bond loss along reinforcement. Most importantly, however, results prove that the loss of cross sectional area to be the critical influence on loss of ultimate life. Initial estimates on the remaining ultimate life of the large offshore structures support early rough work that the structures would last centuries. This thesis, however, has shown this is due to the ability of concrete structures with such large volumes of steel to continue to ultimately withstand loading at high corrosion percentages and not due to negligible corrosion, or long initiation periods, commonly suggested in submerged, low oxygen environments.
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Masters, G. L. "Crevice corrosion of austenitic and duplex stainless steels in seawater." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1994. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11288.

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Duplex stainless steels are finding increasing use in seawater applications, but are prone to attack by crevice corrosion. A mechanism of deaeration and acidification is thought to produce locally aggressive conditions within the crevice. A variety of experimental techniques were therefore used to investigate the crevice corrosion resistance of some commercial duplex stainless steels in seawater and other, more aggressive Cr-containing environments. The established marine grade 316L austenitic stainless steel was used for reference purposes. The investigations provided both quantitative data regarding alloy performance, and qualitative observations regarding the attack mechanism. The crevice corrosion resistance of the duplex stainless steels was shown to be superior to that of 316L, and to increase with (Cr + N) content. Electrochemical polarisation scans demonstrated the importance of dissolved 02 in the seawater in maintaining a protective passive film on these alloys. Active peak current density, a measure of the severity of attack, was shown to increase with decreasing pH. In a simulated crevice solution, the duplex alloys were shown to exhibit both a narrower active range and lower peak current density than 316L. Potentiostatic tests showed weight loss to be an order of magnitude lower for the duplex alloys. Measured weight losses were in agreement with those predicted from polarisation data. The technique suggested that cathodic protection potentials as noble as -600 mV (SCE) may be sufficient to protect duplex stainless steels in seawater. Metallographic observation and electron beam analysis showed that the attack mode is potential dependent, with ferrite and austenite preferentially attacked at more active and noble potentials respectively. Real time tests showed that the internal crevice pH of austenitic stainless steel could fall to as low as 1.3. The rise in corrosion current was found to be a reliable indicator of attack, and was consistent with measured weight loss. Potential shifts were found to be relatively insensitive indicators of breakdown.
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Puget, Yannick. "Failure mechanism of polyurethane coated steel subjected to erosion-corrosion." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287320.

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Baker, Devon Scott. "Understanding the Corrosion of Low-Voltage Al-Ga Anodes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53835.

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Aluminum is an attractive metal for use as an anode in the cathodic protection of steels in seawater due to its low cost and high current capacity. Zinc is often used for its ability to readily corrode, but it has a low current capacity and it operates at very negative voltages, leading to hydrogen generation at the steel cathode, which may cause hydrogen embrittlement. Aluminum can operate at less-negative voltages, therefore reducing hydrogen generation, but it forms a passive oxide film, preventing the anode from corroding. Ga is added to aluminum in small amounts (0.1 wt%) to destabilize this oxide film and allow for active corrosion. The mechanism of how Ga activates Al is still not well-known, though there are prevailing proposals. A previous study noted a difference in behavior between Al-Ga master heats and the alloys that were later produced by re-melting them. This study is focused on characterizing the corrosion behavior of Al-0.1 wt% Ga in synthetic seawater, with samples from a master heat and two subsequent remelts. Galvanostatic, potentiostatic, and open-circuit tests were run, as well as galvanic coupling with 1123 steel. It was found that the remelted anodes behaved more consistently and maintained stable corrosion behavior for longer times than the master heat. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis showed elevated concentrations of Ga inside the oxide layer. The findings support the mechanism in the literature of discrete particles of Ga forming under the oxide film but do not support the mechanism of an amalgam layer formation. This project was funded by NACE International, Virginia Tech project number 457789.
Master of Science
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Takeuchi, M. "Fretting and fatigue of a roping steel in seawater." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384690.

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Coimbatore, Dhandayuth Venkatesh. "Cerium chloride inhibition for high strength low alloy steel exposed to sulphide polluted seawater." University of Western Australia. School of Mechanical Engineering, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0134.

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[Truncated abstract] Corrosion of steel structures caused by sulphide is a common engineering problem encountered by many industries, such as the petroleum, chemical processing, mining and mineral processing industries. The control of sulphide corrosion is still a controversial topic among corrosion engineers. There is an absence of guideline for a reliable acceptable limit of sulphide level in service and each processing industry has its own empirical values. Selection of inhibitors in the sulphide environment depends on laboratory testing before its actual application in pipelines and reaction vessels. Many investigators have postulated the corrosion mechanisms due to sulphide based on operating envelopes such as pH, chloride, manganese, hydrogen sulphide, sulphate reducing bacteria levels and inhibitor concentration. It is recommended in the literature that the batch dosing of inhibitor and biocide needs to be evaluated in regards to sulphide reducing bacteria (SRB) level, which may produce sulphide concentrations up to 2000 ppm. Although sulphide scale formation may protect the base metal by providing a physical barrier, the detrimental effects of sulphide are often inevitable, such as stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement, etc. Currently, there are many chemicals that are used as inhibitors to prevent corrosion by scavenging the sulphide from the environment. Cerium, a rare-earth element, is not used as inhibitor in the sulphide environment. Also, there are no previous research findings on the effects of compounds of rare-earth metals, such as cerium chloride (CeCl3), in sulphide environment. This research examines the corrosion behaviour of 0.4Mo-0.8Cr steel, a High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel, in sulphide-polluted artificial seawater with the addition of CeCl3 and glutaraldehyde. ... It is postulated that the moderate inhibiting effect of CeCl3 is due to the scavenging effect thereby forming Ce2S3 complex. Further reaction of sulphide with steel resulted in ferrous sulphide, leading to an increased corrosion rate. It is also concluded that the CeCl3 interferes with both anodic and cathodic reactions in deaerated conditions. Addition of glutaraldehyde in the sulphide-polluted seawater was found to decrease the corrosion rate. According to the electrochemical measurements conducted, the concurrent addition of glutaraldehyde and CeCl3 appeared to have an added effect on reducing the corrosion of the steel, as evidenced by the increase of the open circuit potential during the short-term testing. From the weight loss measurements after 60 days, sulphide pollution in deaerated seawater was found to increase corrosion rate. This is attributed to the increase of sulphide activity whereby continual dissolution of steel was encountered. From the weight loss tests, it was found that the addition of CeCl3 and glutaraldehyde reduced the corrosion rate of the steel in the solutions containing 0-10 ppm sulphide. There is no noticeable corrosion rate decrease for the solution containing 100 ppm sulphide. The added effect of CeCl3 and glutaraldehyde to the SRB medium has resulted in lower corrosion rates. Further detailed experimentation is required to elucidate the corrosion reduction mechanism in glutaraldehyde-containing environments.
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Sneddon, A. D. "Macrofouling and corrosion of steels and copper-nickel alloys in seawater." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378071.

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Smallwood, Russell. "Fretting fatigue of steel roping wire in seawater." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328387.

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Books on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. SRB seawater corrosion project: Final report. Auburn, Ala: Auburn University, Solid State Sciences Center, Dept. of Physics, 1991.

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Metals, Institute of, and European Federation of Corrosion. Working Party on Marine Corrosion., eds. Illustrated case histories of marine corrosion: A working party report. London: Published for the European Federation of Corrosion by the Institute of Metals, 1990.

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Tuthill, Arthur H. Guidelines for the use of copper alloys in seawater. Toronto, Ont: Nickel Development Institute, 1987.

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Stark, D. Long-time performance of concrete in a seawater exposure. Skokie, IL: Portland Cement Association, 1995.

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Stark, D. Long-time performance of concrete in a seawater exposure. Skokie, IL: Portland Cement Association, 1995.

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M, Malhotra V., American Concrete Institute, Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology., and International Conference on Performance of Concrete in Marine Environment (2nd : 1988 : St. Andrews, N.B.), eds. Concrete in marine environment: Proceedings, second international conference, St. Andrews by-the-Sea, Canada, 1988. Detroit (P.O. Box 19150, Detroit 48219): American Concrete Institute, 1988.

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M, Malhotra V., Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology., American Concrete Institute, and International Conference on Performance of Concrete in Marine Environment (3rd : 1996 : St. Andrews, N.B.), eds. Concrete in marine environment: Proceedings, Third CANMET/ACI international conference, St. Andrews-by-the-Sea, Canada, 1996. Farmington Hills, Mich. (38800 International Way, Farmington Hills 48333): American Concrete Institute, 1996.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Corrosion control and monitoring in seawater injection systems. Houston: NACE, 1999.

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M, Kaplin I͡U︡, Dobrzhanskiĭ V. G, Pishchik V. A, Institut khimii (Vladivostok Russia), and Vsesoi͡u︡znai͡a︡ konferent͡s︡ii͡a︡ "Problemy korrozii i zashchity splavov metallov i konstrukt͡s︡iĭ v morskoĭ srede" (1991 : Vladivostok, Russia), eds. Problemy korrozii i zashchity splavov metallov i konstrukt͡s︡iĭ v morskoĭ srede: Tezisy dokladov Vsesoi͡u︡znoĭ konferent͡s︡ii, 18-20 senti͡a︡bri͡a︡ 1991 goda. Vladivostok: [s.n.], 1991.

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Henrikson, Sture. Corrosion in seawater systems: Final report of the NKA project MAT 510. [Stockholm?]: Nordic Liaison Committee for Atomic Energy, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

1

Matsushima, I. "Carbon Steel-Corrosion by Seawater." In Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook, 601–7. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch45.

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Salvago, G., G. Fumagalli, P. Cristiani, and G. Rocchinp. "Biofilm Monitoring and On-line Control: 20-Month Experience in Seawater." In Microbial Corrosion, 301–13. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367814106-26.

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Shifler, David A. "Chapter 13 | Seawater." In Supplement to Corrosion Tests and Standards: Application and Interpretation, Second Edition, 187–215. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/mnl202ndsup20190001.

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Cristiani, P., F. Mazza, and G. Rocchini. "Influence of Metal–Biofilm Interface pH on Aluminium Brass Corrosion in Seawater." In Microbial Corrosion, 243–60. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367814106-22.

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Al Abdulgader, Hasan, and Sayeed Rushd. "Advancements in Unconventional Seawater Desalination Technologies." In Corrosion and Fouling Control in Desalination Industry, 71–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34284-5_4.

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Ambari, A., B. Tribollet, C. Compere, D. Festy, and E. L'Hostis. "Detection and Characterisation of Biofilms in Natural Seawater by Analysing Oxygen Diffusion under Controlled Hydrodynamic Conditions." In Microbial Corrosion, 211–22. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367814106-18.

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Tian, Xiangsheng, Yijie Huang, Jingxue Zhang, and Li Dong. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Seawater Sea-Sand Recycled Concrete Under Sulfate Attack." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 199–207. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_16.

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AbstractThe preparation of seawater sea-sand recycled concrete (SSRAC) by combining seawater, sea-sand and recycled coarse aggregate is of great significance for the utilization of marine resources and environmental protection in China. The sulfate corrosion test in this paper uses dry wet cycle to simulate the alternating dry wet environment, and compares the ordinary concrete (OC) and freshwater river sand recycled concrete (RAC) to study the mechanical property deterioration characteristics of SSRAC in dry–wet cycle (30d, 60d, 90d, 120d). The results show that with the increase of the dry–wet cycle, the apparent damage of SSRAC gradually extends from the diagonal to the periphery, and finally the cracks spread all over the whole. The mass, strength and strength corrosion resistance coefficient of SSRAC show the same law as OC and RAC, which increase first and then decrease. The resistance of SSRAC to sulfate attack is lower than OC and slightly higher than RAC, and the strength corrosion resistance coefficient is lower than 75% at 120 times of dry–wet cycle.
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Tribollet, B., C. Compere, F. Darrieux, and D. Festy Ifremer. "Determination of Biofilm on Stainless Steel in Seawater in Relation to the Season by Analysing the Mass Transport of Oxygen." In Microbial Corrosion, 223–32. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367814106-19.

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Zhang, Piaopiao, Zhongmin Yang, Ying Chen, and Huimin Wang. "Corrosion Behavior of New Cr-Ni-Cu Low Alloy Seawater Corrosion Resistant Steel." In HSLA Steels 2015, Microalloying 2015 & Offshore Engineering Steels 2015, 1055–62. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119223399.ch132.

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Zhang, Yangang, Liang Liao, Zhangfu Yuan, and Chunhong Shi. "Corrosion Resistance and Electrochemical Corrosion Characteristics of Stainless Steel for Seawater Desalination Evaporator." In TMS 2020 149th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings, 959–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36296-6_90.

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Conference papers on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

1

Melchers, R. E. "Modelling and Prediction of Seawater Corrosion of Steel Structures." In Marine Corrosion Prevention. RINA, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.marco.1994.11.1.

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Maxwell, Stephen. "Predicting Microbially Influenced Corrosion in Seawater Injection Systems." In SPE International Oilfield Corrosion Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/100519-ms.

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Kimoto, Hiroki. "Corrosion of Aluminized Steel in Seawater." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-3066.

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The influence of flow rate of seawater on the corrosion rate of hot-dipped aluminized steel in seawater was investigated using the following galvanic couples: aluminum/carbon steel, aluminum/Fe-Al alloy, aluminum/stainless steel, Fe-Al alloy/carbon steel, Fe-Al alloy/stainless steel, and carbon steel/stainless steel. The corrosion rate of aluminum in all the couples was greater than that of aluminum not connected with other metals. The corrosion rates increased in the following order: aluminum/carbon steel > aluminum/stainless steel > aluminum/Fe-Al alloy. Aluminum connected with carbon steel had the greatest corrosion rate: seven times of the rate of aluminum that was not connected with other metals. The galvanic corrosion rate of carbon steel is 1.9 to 2.5 times greater than that of carbon steel that is not connected with other metals.
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Mathew, Anandh, Ankit Kumar, and Vijay Velu. "Predictive Modeling for Corrosion Rate on Pipeline Corrosion in Seawater." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217075-ms.

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ABSTRACT Marine oil pipelines are critical for the transportation of oil and gas from offshore production facilities to onshore processing plants. However, exposure to seawater, salt, and other environmental factors can cause corrosion in these pipelines, which can lead to costly and dangerous leaks and spills. Therefore, predicting and managing corrosion in marine oil pipelines is essential for ensuring safe and efficient operation. Uniform/general corrosion, pitting corrosion, and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) are the most common forms of corrosion found in marine oil pipelines. These corrosion mechanisms can lead to thinning of the pipe walls and the formation of pits, which can significantly weaken the structure of the pipeline. To detect and monitor corrosion in marine oil pipelines, various in-line inspection (ILI) tools are available. Some of the most commonly used ILI tools for marine pipelines include magnetic flux leakage (MFL)[1], ultrasonic thickness measurement (UTM), and eddy current inspection (ECI). However, the existing tools are not efficient because of low accuracy. Therefore, a corrosion rate model was developed for the future rate of corrosion in marine oil pipelines. The developed model accounts for various factors such as line diameter, line temperature, line pressure, CO2 concentration, H2S concentration, Volatile fatty acid concentration, Bacteria count(SRBs), Material of construction, service life, bicarbonate ion concentration, chloride ion concentration, sulphate ion concentration, pH, clamp/repair history and details, oil, water and gas flow rate, flow velocity and regime, Inhibitor/biocide frequency, Oil characteristics and Kinetics of reaction to estimate the expected corrosion rate over a given time period [2]. Also the developed model combines the both linear corrosion growth rate, and non-linear corrosion growth rate. The model was trained on historical data of corrosion rates for different conditions and validated on new data to ensure accuracy. Additionally, the model could be updated in real-time with sensor data from the pipeline, allowing for continuous monitoring and prediction of corrosion rates. This could help operators proactively manage and maintain the pipeline to prevent corrosion-related failures and minimize downtime. A validation study was conducted on the developed model using a dataset of real-world pipeline corrosion data. The model was trained on a subset of the data and tested on a separate subset. The results showed a high level of accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 96%. This level of accuracy suggests that the model is reliable and can be used to inform pipeline integrity management and planning with a high degree of confidence.
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Hoffmann, Heike, and Iain S. C. Spark. "Injection Seawater versus Produced Water SRB and Archaea Populations." In SPE International Conference & Workshop on Oilfield Corrosion. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/155101-ms.

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Buck, E., and S. Jones. "Corrosion And The Murchison Seawater Injection System." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/5269-ms.

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Salsabila, Farah, La Ode Abdul Zakri Radio, Afdhal Kresna Aulia, and Pinta Astuti. "Corrosion prevention methods on seawater mixed concrete." In XVII MEXICAN SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL PHYSICS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0154248.

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Kawakita, J., T. Fukushima, S. Kuroda, and T. Kodama. "Corrosion Behaviour of HVOF Sprayed Coatings in Seawater." In ITSC2001, edited by Christopher C. Berndt, Khiam A. Khor, and Erich F. Lugscheider. ASM International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2001p1137.

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Abstract The HVOF sprayed coatings of SUS316L stainless steel and Hastelloy C nickel-based alloy were studies with respect to corrosion behaviour in seawater. Corrosion took place at the small crack, which was formed by insufficient filling up of sprayed particles. The corrosion mechanism of the sprayed film was similar to the crevice corrosion. Some treatments for decrease of the crack resulted in considerable improvement of the corrosion resistance.
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Ferrari, Jean Vicente. "Discussion of Oxygen Threshold Level for Corrosion Management in Seawater Injection Systems." In SPE International Oilfield Corrosion Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205041-ms.

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Abstract Generally, in water injection systems, oxygen levels starting from around eight ppm are deoxygenated to below 50 ppm, following international standards' guidelines. This work aims to discuss the impact of such a magnitude value of oxygen contamination on steel corrosion in seawater injection systems by analysing theoretical polarisation curves and results from published works with different approaches. Corrosion models consider mass-transfer controlled diffusion of oxygen to predict the maximum steel corrosion rate, which depends on the oxygen limiting current, which in turn is strongly influenced by flow velocity. The effect of free chlorine on corrosion in seawater injection systems has also been considered and included in an oxygen equivalent parameter. In such systems, where oxygen reduction is the key cathodic reaction, the corrosion process may be under cathodic activation control, independent of flow at higher velocities or when erosion-corrosion begins. In this work, theoretical polarisation curves were constructed by using published oxygen and chlorine cathodic limiting currents (iLc) on carbon steel and a noble metal electrode, respectively. Aerated (200 ppb and 9000 ppb of oxygen) and deaerated conditions (50 ppb of oxygen) and the presence of 300 ppb of chlorine were applied to the assumed exchange current densities (io). Neutral (pH 7) and acid (pH 4) conditions (considering the presence of CO2) were also assumed to be at room temperature and pressure. Since the corrosion rate in lower oxygen concentrations (ppb order of magnitude) may result in corrosion rates of the same order of magnitude than in higher oxygen concentrations (ppm order of magnitude) when comparing and analysing results from experimental, semi-empirical or mechanistic approaches, it is necessary to weigh up the effects of both steel surface (bare or scaled/corrosion products) and flow. At oxygen concentrations below 200 ppb and under acid conditions, the contribution of H+ reduction on corrosion rate starts to be higher than oxygen reduction, mainly in the absence of chlorine.
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Shen, H., Q. Wen, and K. C. Lifer. "An Experimental Analysis on Rubber-Metal Contact Stress Corrosion in Seawater." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67437.

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Rubber components for liquid sealing are widely used in corrosive environments such as marine applications or food-processing equipment. Corrosion is found more frequently at the rubber-metal contact area or its adjacent area than non-contact area in certain situation. While the role of rubber components in corrosion is not fully understood, the deterioration of rubber in aqueous environments may release chloride or acid to accelerate the corrosion process. Contact stress and local liquid entrapment may also affect the corrosion process. In this work, corrosion of rubber parts in combination with different metals and different contact pressure in seawater is studied experimentally. Metals used include titanium, bronze, nickel, aluminum, stainless steel, and 4130 steel. O-rings with different cross section shapes are used to study the role of different contact area shapes in corrosion process. The contact area of rubber components and the metals are designed to have different contact stress. It is found that the corrosion of metals is accelerated by interaction with rubber and contact stress in seawater. The corrosion initiates from the contact area of metals with rubber O-rings. Different materials show different corrosion behaviors in seawater.
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Reports on the topic "Seawater corrosion"

1

Heiser, J. H., and P. Soo. Corrosion of barrier materials in seawater environments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/125170.

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Leveillee, S. Y. The corrosion effect of ozonated seawater solution on titanium in polymer generated crevice environments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/329560.

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Kain, Robert M. Seawater Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels Coated with Silane and Antifouling Paint Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada406277.

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Jones, Joanne M., and Brenda Little. USS Princeton (CG 59): Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) and Macrofouling Status of Seawater Piping Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada476675.

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