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Jung, Myung Taek. "Seating for communicating /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/5466.
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Wikberg, Amanda, and Therese Andersson. "Seating in Autonomous Trucks : Design of Driver Seating for Autonomous Long Haulage Trucks." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75003.
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The biggest shift in the automotive industry lies ahead. Autonomous vehicles create both curiosity and skepticism among drivers and people around. Autonomous vehicles, more specifically trucks, will not be utterly self-driving overnight. The whole transformation will take place in different phases. When a vehicle does not need a driver behind the wheel, new needs will arise. This is where this project comes into play. On behalf of Scania, a new driver’s seat shall be developed for new needs from the drivers for autonomous trucks of type 4. The project was carried out at Scania’s design department for cabin interiors. The project aimed to develop new needs for the future autonomous level 4 trucks in order to develop a driver’s seat that meets these needs. The project began with a planning phase in which the goals and the time frame for the project were set up. The project was then implemented in four different phases inspired by CDIO (n.d.). The work began with a benchmarking on existing trucks and passenger cars, but also on the future visions of different competitors regarding autonomous vehicles. Much work was put into understanding theories and interpreting relevant information. The users were used early in the project in the form of interviews, observations, and a survey that reached 299 truck drivers. The work then continued with various forms of brainstorming both within the project group and together with engineers from the group at Scania. The final work contained a CAD model of both prototype, CAID models of the final design, and a prototype scale of 1:1. The final result of the project is a new driver’s seat with the possibility of pushing the seat almost three times further back than the current seat. It can now be done when the driver’s seat is part of the bed. During the user study and the brainstorming, new needs were taken from the perspective of the sun being able to adapt to three different positions; rest, drive, work. The new driver’s seat now gives the drivers this opportunity. The result of this project may be more effective in driving the driver, which benefits both Scania and the customers in the form of the drivers being able to drive longer than previously allowed.<br>Det största skiften inom fordonsbranschen ligger framför oss. Autonoma fordon skapar både nyfikenhet och en skepsis bland förare och människor runt omkring. Autonoma fordon, mer specifikt lastbilar, kommer inte bli helt självkörande under en natt. Hela för- vandlingen kommer ske i olika faser. När ett fordon inte behöver en förare bakom ratten kommer nya behov uppkomma. Det är här det här projektet kommer in i bilden. På uppdrag av Scania, ska en ny förarstol utvecklas för nya behov från förarna för autonoma lastbilar av typen nivå 4. Projektet är ett examensarbete gjort av två studenter vid utbildningen civilingenjör inom teknisk design med inriktning produktutveckling, vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Projektet genomfördes på Scanias konstruktionsavdelning för hyttint- eriör. Målet för projektet var att ta fram nya behov för framtidens autonoma nivå 4 lastbilar för att sedan utveckla en förarstol som uppfyller dessa behov. Projektet började med en planeringsfas där målen och tidsramen för projektet sattes upp. Projektet genomfördes sedan i fyra olika faser inspirerade av CDIO (n.d.). Arbetet började med att en benchmarking gjordes på befintliga lastbilar och personbilar men även på olika konkurrenters framtidsvisioner gällande autonoma fordon. Mycket arbete lades på att förstå teorier och tolka relevant infor- mation. Användarna användes tidigt i projektet i form av intervjuer, observationer och en enkät som nådde ut till 299 lastbilsförare. Arbetet fortsatte sedan med olika former av brainstorming både inom projektgruppen och tillsammans med ingenjörer från gruppen på Scania. Slutgiltiga arbetet innehöll CAD-modeller av både prototyp, CAID-modeller av slutgiltig design samt en prototyp i skala 1:1. Det slutgiltiga resultatet av projektet är en ny förarstol med möjligheten att skjuta bak stolen nästan tre gånger längre än vad som tidigare var möjligt. Det kan nu göras då förarstolen är en del av sängen. Under användarstudien och brainstormingen togs nya behov fram i from av att solen ska ha möjlighet att anpassas till tre olika lägen; vila, köra, arbeta. Den nya förarstolen ger nu förarna den här möjligheten. Resultatet av det här projektet kan komma att effektivisera föraryrket, vilket gynnar både Scania och kunderna i form av att förarna kommer kunna köra längre än vad tidigare varit tillåtet.
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Anton, Anargyros Anastasios. "Bus Seating in Arlington, Virginia: ART Passenger Demographics, Seating Preferences and Dwell Time Efficiency." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54597.
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Boarding, alighting and seating maneuvers were monitored on selected Arlington Transit (ART) bus routes in order to determine the link between passenger demographics, seating preferences and boarding and alighting times within the system. The data collection methodology employed digital stopwatch timings of boardings and alightings in conjunction with a coordinate-based spreadsheet seating chart tracking system in order to document passenger movements and seating occupancies. Passengers were visually profiled according to their ethnicity, sex, general age group and bulkiness. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop boarding and alighting models, and t-tests were used to isolate statistically significant differences between profiled groups in terms of their seating preferences and inter-group separation distances aboard the buses. It was observed that female passengers tend to sit closer to other passengers than males do, and that older female passengers have a preference for sitting in aisle seats and towards the lower level front of the bus - each of these preferences is linked with shorter boarding times. Males, in general, tend to prefer window seating to aisle seating, and this preference is linked with longer boarding and alighting times. It was also observed that younger passengers prefer less efficient upper level seating to lower level seating and that white passengers, on average, tend to sit closer to other white passengers on routes where whites are a minority in terms of passenger composition. Monetary fare payment was observed to contribute to longer boarding times than the use of a swipe card (e.g., SmarTrip® card).<br>Master of Science
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Bogie, Katherine Mary. "Biomechanical considerations in seating design." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390455.
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Eklund, Jörgen. "Industrial seating and spinal loading." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11186/.
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Little information is available in the literature concerning an ergonomic systems view of industrial seats. This study has been aimed at expanding knowledge of industrial seat design. For this purpose, a model for evaluating industrial seats has been proposed, listing demands and restrictions from the task and the workplace. It also includes responses and effects on the sitter, and methods of measurement for evaluating industrial work seats. The appropriateness of work seat design has been assessed in laboratory and field studies, using methods to measure body loads, their effects and responses. These have been body height shrinkage, biomechanical methods, subjective assessment, and posture assessment. The shrinkage method, including equipment and procedures, has been developed in this project. It assesses the effect of loads on the spine in vivo by using body height changes as a measure of disc creep. The results are well correlated with spinal loads. The method is sensitive enough to differentiate between spinal loads of 100 N difference. The results are also related to the perception of discomfort. Biomechanical methods have been developed for calculating compressive, shear, and momental loads on the spine. Ratings of discomfort, body mapping, interviews, video recordings, and prototype equipment for the recording of head posture have also been used. The methods have been shown to be appropriate for seat evaluation. Work seats have been evaluated in different tasks, incorporating back-rests of different height, width and shape, conventional seat pans and sit-stand seats. It has been shown that advantageous chair features could be referred to each particular task. The tasks evaluated included forward force exertion (high backrests advantageous), vision to the side (low backrests advantageous), work with restricted knee-room (seats allowing increased trunk-thigh angle advantageous), grinding (high, narrow backrests advantageous), punch press work (increased seat height advantageous), and fork lift truck driving (medium height backrest advantageous). The work task has been shown to be a major influence on seat design, and must therefore always be thoroughly considered.
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Dickèr, Jonathan. "Beach Chair Inspired Seating Furniture." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industridesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43315.
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Benden, Mark E. "The obese office worker seating problem." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1137.
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Havig, Jenna S. "Advantages and Disadvantages of Flexible Seating." Thesis, Minot State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10619168.
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<p> Recently in education, a new trend called flexible seating has emerged. Classrooms with flexible seating are redesigned to have a “Starbucks” atmosphere where students choose from a variety of alternative seating options and workspaces rather than sit at traditional desks. This study looks at the advantages and disadvantages of having flexible seating in an elementary classroom and determines what implications there are for teachers considering this type of arrangement. It also provides insight into how those involved in the classroom are experiencing flexible seating. Using teacher interviews, classroom observations, and student surveys, this mixed methods case study describes two 5<sup>th</sup> grade teachers and their classrooms’ flexible seating experiences. Based on the results of the study, the researcher advises teachers to let the nature of the task determine the classroom seating arrangement. In addition, she suggests providing alternative seating devices for students regardless of the arrangement chosen as they allow for more movement throughout the day. And lastly, the researcher encourages teachers to consider their own teaching style and preferences when choosing an arrangement because they will be most effective when the classroom is arranged in a way that is pleasing and comfortable to them as well.</p><p>
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Vaught, David R. "Classroom seating applying Johnson's decision making inventory /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4859.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 10, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Jůzl, Martin. "Výrobní hala LD Seating - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371963.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is a building-technological project on the production and assembly hall LD Seating in Boskovice u Brna. The solution is influenced by the existing hall in the area of the investor, where there will be a future new building. Based on this fact, the appropriate measures are chosen. The project puts emphasis on the off-road transport and the technological process of assembly of the prefabricated reinforced concrete hall, which will be solved from the financial and time point of view. The workflow will be affected by machine assembly, site facilities, and wider transport relationships. The project also solves the concept of the whole issue as a whole. All building objects are taken into account. Based on this, an object schedule and budget are developed.
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Yang, Eun Ho. "The study of seating arrangement effect on choral blend : positioning singers in three seating arrangements according to individual volume /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11276.
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Gibbs, Sharon. "Dynamic response of loosely jointed temporary grandstand seating." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306462.
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Lu, Ifung. "A physical model for tracking human seating posture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9881.
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El-Hage, Sebastian. "Predicting Purchase of Airline Seating Using Machine Learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280461.
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With the continuing surge in digitalization within the travel industry and the increased demand of personalized services, understanding customer behaviour is becoming a requirement to survive for travel agencies. The number of cases that addresses this problem are increasing and machine learning is expected to be the enabling technique. This thesis will attempt to train two different models, a multi-layer perceptron and a support vector machine, to reliably predict whether a customer will add a seat reservation with their flight booking. The models are trained on a large dataset consisting of 69 variables and over 1.1 million historical recordings of bookings dating back to 2017. The results from the trained models are satisfactory and the models are able to classify the data with an accuracy of around 70%. This shows that this type of problem is solvable with the techniques used. The results moreover suggest that further exploration of models and additional data could be of interest since this could help increase the level of performance.<br>Med den fortsatta ökningen av digitalisering inom reseindustrin och det faktum att kunder idag visar ett stort behov av skräddarsydda tjänster så stiger även kraven på företag att förstå sina kunders beteende för att överleva. En uppsjö av studier har gjorts där man försökt tackla problemet med att kunna förutse kundbeteende och maskininlärning har pekats ut som en möjliggörande teknik. Inom maskininlärning har det skett en stor utveckling och specifikt inom området djupinlärning. Detta har gjort att användningen av dessa teknologier för att lösa komplexa problem spritt sig till allt fler branscher. Den här studien implementerar en Multi-Layer Perceptron och en Support Vector Machine och tränar dessa på befintliga data för att tillförlitligt kunna avgöra om en kund kommer att köpa en sätesreservation eller inte till sin bokning. Datat som användes bestod av 69 variabler och över 1.1 miljoner historiska bokningar inom tidsspannet 2017 till 2020. Resultaten från studien är tillfredställande då modellerna i snitt lyckas klassificera med en noggrannhet på 70%, men inte optimala. Multi-Layer Perceptronen presterar bäst på båda mätvärdena som användes för att estimera prestandan på modellerna, accuracy och F1 score. Resultaten pekar även på att en påbyggnad av denna studie med mer data och fler klassificeringsmodeller är av intresse då detta skulle kunna leda till en högre nivå av prestanda.
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Calles, Linus. "Development of ergonomic seating for dental operator chair." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-62822.
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This report covers the examination of course Degree of Bachelor of Science in Innovation and Design MSGC12. The course is given on the Innovation and Design Program at the Faculty of Health, Science and Technology at Karlstad University. The course corresponds to 22.5 credits and extends over the spring semester in 2017. Examiner is Leo de Vin and supervisor is Kristina Gullander. The project is carried out on behalf of Support Design AB, which manufactures and distributes handmade ergonomic chairs. The company is aiming primarily at the dental and medical industry, where they have discovered a great interest in flexible and ergonomic chairs. There are today competing brands that manufacture chairs whose seats are similar to Support Designs. The company now wishes to expand its range of seating in order to differ from market competitors. Need for a more concrete foundation in research on sitting in the dental sector is also something they are looking for. The assignment therefore consists of developing an ergonomically designed seat for dental operator chairs, which has a strong foundation in research on sitting in the dental industry and has got a unique design. The project's pre-study starts with a literature study, with a large emphasis on trying to define what a good and ergonomic sitting posture is. This is done to provide a basis for a subsequent analysis of interviews and observations by dental staff. To survey the needs of the users, 15 interviews are performed with dental staff to gain an insight into their views of the workplaces and existing operator chairs. Structured observations are carried out at 11 patient visits in connection with the interviews to find motion patterns and review their work positions. The result of the preliminary study shows that many in dental care experience or has experienced work-related pain, especially shoulders, neck and back. A wide legged and relatively ergonomic working position is commonly observed in narrow operating rooms. The project results in 15 different concepts where four qualify for prototype manufacturing and testing. One concept is perceived to be the most comfortable while another is perceived to be the most unique. One concept meets ergonomic criteria best and another does not meet all the important requirements that the pre-study generated.
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Hoofman, Jessica. "Effects of Alternative Seating on Children with Disabilities." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7522.
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Children with disabilities in school settings often display problem behavior. These challenging behaviors can be inattention, disruptions in class, difficulties with transitions between tasks, and low task motivation. These types of behaviors can lead to problems for the students with their peers, teachers, and school staff. One way to decrease problem behavior is to implement antecedent manipulations to prevent problem behavior from ever occurring. One type of antecedent manipulation is using alternative seating in the classroom, such as stability balls or stabili-t stools. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate different types of alternative seating, therefore this study used an alternating treatments design to evaluate the effects of stability balls versus stabili-t stools on in-seat and on-task behavior in an academic setting. Results indicated increases in both in-seat and on-task behavior with the use of both alternative types of seating. In-seat behavior increased more substantially then on-task behavior with alternative seating. Social validity results indicated that stability balls were not well liked by teachers and therapists, however the stabili-t stools were found to be acceptable. Both types of alternative seating were chosen by participants in the choice phase, however the stabili-t stool was chosen more often.
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Adlam, Timothy. "The design of compliant seating for children with severe whole body extensor spasms." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582535.
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Children with cerebral palsy and powerful whole body extensor spasms find sitting in a rigid seat uncomfortable and sometimes painful due to the large forces they apply to their constraints. They are usually unable to speak and communication is difficult. The spasms affect every aspect of their lives. This thesis describes the genesis of a new functional dynamic seat for children with severe whole body extensor spasms, and the novel method used to design it. This novel seat technology is known as ‘Whole Body Dynamic Seating’. The thesis describes the clinical need this seat addresses, and the design and technology context in which this research takes place. The user evaluation, observation, measurement, analysis and reasoning that led to a successful seat design are described in detail. Children with cerebral palsy sometimes have whole body spasms that mean they cannot be seated in conventional static seating that positions a child in a fixed posture. For this research the children were classified as functioning at Chailey Sitting Ability Level 1 and Gross Motor Functional Classification System Level V. Such children spend much of their time being held by a person, or lying on a mat, bed or pad. This results in difficulty with social engagement and physical functioning, particularly in school. This research created a seat that such children could sit in, providing a comfortable and functional seat for use in a home or school classroom environment. This seat was designed with the direct and essential involvement of disabled children, their parents, therapists, teachers and carers. The work is part of a larger programme of research into seating and support technology that will enhance a child’s ability to gain functional movement and communication skills that can be employed to enable the child’s free self expression and social participation. The research investigated means of supporting children with whole body extensor spasms through a progressive iterative method utilizing direct user evaluation of a series of prototypes incrementing in complexity and fidelity towards a fully functional physical seat. An iterative method was used to design, build and evaluate three dynamic seats. This method incorporated two new approaches to prototyping developed for the research programme in response to difficulties encountered in designing dynamic systems for children with highly complex neuromotor disability. Soft and Semi-soft prototyping and evaluation methods provided essential feedback on dynamic seating concepts that guided proposed solutions, without requiring costly and time-consuming manufacture. Video was used to create a record of the children’s movements and responses for subsequent analysis. Instrumentation was built into the seats to enable direct objective measurement of the reaction forces and seat movement caused by extensor spasms. This thesis presents several unique features created through this research programme: 1. Independent and virtually hinged anatomical dynamic thigh supports; 2. Independent anatomical dynamic foot supports; 3. A virtually hinged dynamic back support; 4. An anatomical dynamic head support concept. The final Whole Body Dynamic Seat was child-centred in its functionality and aesthetic design, and was favourably commented upon by parents, children and school staff. Use of the new dynamic seating by three children (including one from a previous work programme) showed that children with severe whole body extensor spasms can be seated comfortably. The children also demonstrated gains in physical and social function as a result of using the dynamic seats. The two fully independent dynamic seats made advances in comfort over static seating for children with whole body extensor spasms. One of the children especially liked the seat and resisted being put back into his usual seating. An adult with severe cerebral palsy and extensor spasms evaluated a dynamic foot support concept and reported very significant reductions in spasticity and pain, and gains in physical function. The Whole Body Dynamic Seats showed gains in postural symmetry and in hand and head function over the usual static seats when used by the children with spasms. These gains were reported by staff during long term evaluations and measured specifically during the final evaluation. Two children learned to control the movement of seats in which they were sat, and were able to control their posture and use that control to carry out functions such as switch pressing. Such learning through the use of dynamic seating by children with severe dystonic cerebral palsy and whole body extensor spasms has not previously been documented. The seats did not just affect the children - school staff were affected too. School staff working around the children in the dynamic seats were observed to be more inclusive towards the children, and to expect more interaction from them. The ability of the children to move altered staff expectations of their ability to participate and communicate. This new seating has improved the quality of life of the children that use it. Future implementation of this technology in commercially produced seating offers the possibility of similar gains to many more severely disabled children who are currently less comfortable and less functional than they need to be.
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Davies, W. J. "The effects of seating on the acoustics of auditoria." Thesis, University of Salford, 1992. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14799/.
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The two main attributes of seating in auditoria have been investigated. Tle first is random incidence absorption. The second is the low-frequency selective attenuation which seating can impart to sound travelling over it at grazing incidence: the so-called "seat dip" effect. It was found that there was a need for a more accurate laboratory measurement method to predict auditorium seat absorption. The traditional method tended to overpredict the absorption of the exposed front and sides of seating blocks. A new method was studied which involves the use of barriers to obtain realistic measurements of front and side absorption. The new method was validated by comparing measurements of seats made in a reverberation chamber with in-situ absorption data for the same seats, calculated from reverberation time measurements in ten auditoria with and without the seats present. The accuracy of the new method was found to be satisfactory in all cases, although a severe lack of diffusion in two of the halls hindered the validation process. The important physical factors affecting seat dip attenuation were investigated by measurements in a concert hall and on scale model seats. A scheme for reducing the attenuation with resonant absorbers was evaluated, and a simple theoretical model developed. 'Ibe subjective significance of the effect was established with a panel of ten subjects and a fully simulated auditorium sound field. The absolute threshold of perception of the seat dip effect was found to be 7.1 ± 0.6 dB attenuation in the 200 Hz octave band of the early field. It was found that seat dip attenuation might be made less audible in a hall by: (i) supplying early energy along paths remote from the seating, (ii) increasing the vertical angle of incidence of the direct sound and (iii) installing resonant absorbers in the floor between seat rows.
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Jones, Christina H. "Seating for rest and rehabilitation, design research and practice." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422989.
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This research examines the principles of seating and their relationship to both the older adult and physically challenged populations. Initially the research focused on seating inadequacies, postural and comfort related issues that both populations have with their current seat. It identified the adverse medical effects and cost implications of pressure sores, temperature, blood flow and moisture on the human body. It also established if one style and size of chair could accommodate both populations and what features should be adjustable and which should be fixed. New knowledge is a feature of several research outcomes. Both populations participated in the design process thereby identifYing solutions, ideas and requirements that came directly from the end-user. A questionnaire and focus group were conducted with participants from the Birmingham 'Thousand Elders' to determine both populations' seating requirements The reSUlting design criteria were used to develop a fully adjustable seating measurement rig. Participants were used to evaluate the rig and detennine the 'correct' seating dimensions for older adults and important aspects of time and comfort. One of the outcomes of the study was that the rig could also be used as a prescription tool in a domestic furniture outlet when designing or specifying seating for older adults and physically challenged people. The lessons learnt from the above were used to develop a three-phase design methodology and a range of seat comfort design tools. These emphasise the importance of user participation throughout the whole design process. They also ensure that quality and robustness are included throughout the design and development process. Quality Functional Deployment matrices and a Parameter-Diagram were employed to detennine the relationship between the user's requirements and design specifications. Research outcomes included the design of a lounge chair proposal for both populations and an activity unit for use in institutional settings. The final proposals incorporate customer requirements, enhanced comfort, postural support, pressure relief, ease of ingress/egress, marketing, legislation and production/cost constraints. They also take into account the psychological and behavioural impact that the design has on the user. Other outcomes included chair specification criteria, which can be used by occupational therapists, physiotherapists or N.H.S when selecting a chair for an individual. ii
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Owen, Christopher. "Improved vehicle seating systems for managing rear impact events." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11394.
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A study has been conducted into the development of Impact Management Seating
Systems (IMSS's) for improved occupant protection during rear impacts. The seating
systems incorporate methodologies that enable the supporting surfaces to pivot in a
controlled manner during the onset of the impact event. This enables the seated
occupant to penetrate an outer perimeter frame, whilst simultaneously having the
effective ride height lowered. This response is typically referred to as the 'Catchers-
Mitt' principal, and provides the occupant with localised 'ride-down', and optimum
positioning with respects to the head restraint.
Such seating systems can compliment the 'ride-down' characteristics provided by
vehicle' crush-zones', or in the case of small and Low Mass Vehicle (LMV) designs,
which can suffer from inefficient 'crush-zones' due to geometric restrictions, can be the
primary source of impact management.
Pivotal systems typically rely on the use of yielding elements to initiate the desired
deployment. However, these are inherently restrictive in their ability to adapt to
changes in occupant mass and impact magnitude. Solutions are presented to address
this and other limitations. Such solutions include the use automatic inflation/deflation
technologies, and Siding Plate Anchorage Systems that provide the seated occupant
with a supportive surface during deployment of the pivotal mechanisms, and the
reposition of the restraint system to address issues with 'rebound-reactions' and/or
multiple impact events.
LS-DYNA simulations determined the effectiveness of the developed seating systems in
controlling a dummy response. Significant reductions in head acceleration and the
movements thought responsible for whiplash and Whiplash Associated Disorders were
achieved. The realisation of the seating systems is examined. Consideration is given to
issues associated with seat mass, to enable the systems to be installed within Low Mass
Vehicle (LMV) designs without compromising environmental gains.
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Devlin, Jennifer A. "A survey of seating preferences in urban open spaces." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-171644/.
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Buchacoff, Gustavo Y. (Gustavo Yehezkel). "An active seating system for prevention of pressure sores." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43599.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1997.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65).<br>A pressure management and relief system has been developed for use by wheelchairbound individuals who are at risk of developing pressure sores. This system can be used in passive or active form, depending on an individual's requirement for pressure management and relief. The active seat uses vacuum and pressure in combination with an open-cell-foam-based cushion to perform pressure relief. Testing methods for the system were studied and developed. These methods allow a controlled and precise testing of seating systems. Prototype systems have also been produced and tested. Experimental equipment and data are presented to support performance claims. Prototypes of both active and passive systems have also been tested in a pilot clinical study to assess their effectiveness. Results from this study are presented.<br>by Gustavo Y. Buhacoff.<br>S.M.
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Patrangenaru, Vlad Petru. "Development of dynamic seating system for high-tone extensor thrust." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-01112006-160352/.
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Jalasutram, Srikanth. "Design of an intelligent posture guidance system for workspace seating." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41117.
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Seating is an integral part of work environment. When people are at work, they often sit in chairs for long periods of time without changing postures. This results in reduced blood circulation in the body, especially in the buttock-thigh area causing muscle fatigue, pain and discomfort. Ergonomically designed task chairs adopt a passive approach to guiding people into better postures by providing adjustability inside the chair. However most people do not adjust their chairs because they fail to sense the need for changing posture. They are left to sensing the need to change posture through guesswork or extreme discomfort. This thesis proposes a new system to address this problem by sensing static posture in a seated person with the use of electronic sensors embedded in the seat, and by providing interactive feedback to static posture via sound, light and tactile channels. The new technology is an sensing-feedback mechanism embedded in a chair, that allows people to receive postural information and make body adjustments periodically to avoid pain and discomfort caused by prolonged seating.The feedback mechanism was tested with four subjects to determine its efficacy in generating posture change through pressure relief and user feedback was gathered in order to design the final prototype.
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Wang, Wei-Chun. "The effect of seating arrangements on the mixed choral ensemble /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1331405851&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-160). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Debost, Sophie. "Valve seating impact as a source of valve train noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11780.
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Bush, Michael T. (Michael Thomas). "Enhanced comfort of seating systems through variable shape and compliance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41800.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-74).<br>A new type of seat cushion has been developed. The present use of the cushion is in wheelchair seating, but it may ultimately have application to general seating, particularly in situations where comfort is a significant consideration. The cushion is intended to optimally distribute the interface pressure on the seat of a wheelchair user, as well as to provide an opportunity for active pressure management. The principal goal in developing this cushion is the prevention of pressure sores (decubitis ulcers). The theoretical and design considerations upon which the cushion was developed are presented. Experimental materials data, as well as results of a prototype system, are supplied. A prototype cushion has been produced, and additional work is ongoing. The cushion uses vacuum to manipulate the elastic/collapse properties of open-cell foam; effectively setting a maximum pressure at the human interface. Assuming appropriate auxiliary hardware, pumps, controllers, and sensors it would be appropriate to use this cushion as the basis of an actively controlled seating system.<br>by Michael T. Bush.<br>M.S.
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Zhang, Xiaolu. "Measurement and modelling of seating dynamics to predict seat transmissibility." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370542/.
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The transmissibility of a seat depends on the dynamics of both the seat and the human body. Previous studies show that the apparent mass of the body, to which much attention has been paid, has a large influence on the vibration transmissibility of a seat. The influence of the seat dynamics on the seat transmissibility has received less systematic attention. The principal objective of this study was to develop a systematic methodology using finite element methods to model the dynamic interaction between a seat and the human body so as to predict the seat transmissibility. The purpose was to understand how the foam material, the seat structure, and the seat occupant influence the vibration transmitted through seats. The effect of the foam thickness at the seat cushion and the backrest on the transmissibility was investigated experimentally in the laboratory with a SAE J826 manikin and with 12 subjects during exposure to 60-s periods of fore-and-aft and vertical vibration, respectively, in the frequency range 0.5 to 20 Hz at 0.8 ms-2 r.m.s. Increasing the thickness of the foam at the seat cushion decreased the resonance frequency of both the vertical vibration transmitted to the seat cushion and the fore-and-aft vibration transmitted to the backrest, while there was little effect of the foam thickness at the backrest. It appears that the foam at the seat cushion had a predominant effect on the transmission of the vibration. Load-deflection curves were measured at various points across the lateral and fore-and-aft centrelines of a car seat with three different loading rates: 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mm/s. The dynamic stiffness of the seat cushion and backrest was measured with 120-s broadband random vibration (1.5 to 15 Hz) with three static preloads and with three vibration magnitudes (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ms-2 r.m.s.). With the same deformation, the reaction force was greater during loading than during unloading, showing evidence of hysteresis. The stiffness increased with increasing preload force and tended to decrease with increasing magnitude of vibration, indicating the seat components were nonlinear. The dynamic stiffness was also found to be greater when the seat cushion was constrained with a leather cover than without a leather cover. The transmission of vibration from the seat base to six different positions on a car seat was investigated experimentally in the laboratory with a SAE J826 manikin and with 12 subjects exposed to 120-s periods of random vibration (0.5 to 40 Hz) at three magnitudes (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 ms-2 r.m.s.) in the fore-and-aft and vertical directions, respectively. The transmissibility from the seat base to the seat cushion surface and frame, to the backrest surface and frame, and to the headrest surface and frame exhibited a peak around 4-5 Hz in the fore-and-aft and vertical directions, respectively. The principal resonance frequency in the transmissibilities to all locations decreased with increasing magnitude of vibration, indicating nonlinearity in the seat-occupant system. There was little effect of the seat track position on the measured seat transmissibilities. The transmissibilities with subjects and with the manikin were different. Based on the experimental studies, models of the seat cushion and the backrest assemblies were built up and calibrated separately using the measured load-deflection curves and dynamic stiffnesses. They were joined to form a complete seat model and integrated with the model of a manikin for further calibration with measured seat transmissibility. The calibrated seat model was combined with a re-calibrated existing human body model to predict the transmissibility of the seat. It was found that by combining a calibrated seat model with a calibrated human body model, and defining appropriate contacts between the two models, the vertical vibration transmissibility of a seat with an occupant can be predicted. The developed seat-occupant model could be further improved to predict fore-and-aft seat transmissibility to the backrest and the dynamic pressure distributions at the interfaces between the human body and the seat.
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Mâsse, Louise. "Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of wheelchair propulsion for various seating positions." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5986.
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Treaster, Delia E. "Pressure distribution and myoelectric activity as a function of seating parameters." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1140640527.
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Samuelsson, Kersti. "Active wheelchair use in daily life : considerations for mobility and seating /." Linköping : Örebro : Univ. ; Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med753s.pdf.
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Ferguson, Rachel. "The impact of activities of daily living on seating interface pressures." Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604657.
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Even though the prevention of pressure ulcers is a priority area for healthcare agencies globally (Dunn & Stander, 2008; Graves et aI., 2005; Russo & Exilhauser, 2006), these challenging wounds continue to trouble individuals with impaired sensation, prolonged im111obility, or advanced age. The purpose of this thesis W<1S to investigate the effectiveness of integrating pressure redistributing activities into everyday life for reducing interface pressures for individuals at risk of ulceration. The first study reviewed the literature and found that the majority of individuals at risk of developing pressure ulcers do not adhere with the pressure relieving frequency currently recommended. It also highlighted that there is no known magnitude of movement currently recommended to relieve interface pressure. In order to measure magnitude of seated movement, the second study explored the effect of anatomical positioning of the Activpal3 accelerometer. The 1110St stable measurement came t1'0111 the accelerometer placed at the sternum. The third study investigated the etTect of duration and magnitilde of forward reach on body seat interface pressures of able bodied subjects sitting in a wheelchair. Reaching forward significantly redistributed pressure at the seating interface, as demonstrated by the change in dispersion index and contact area compared to upright sitting. The f0U11h study investigated the time that older adults spend in sitting while on a rehabilitation ward and how frequently they engage or are assisted to engage in repositioning movements when sitting. The older adults spent the majority of their time in a seated position and did not perf 01111 seated movements at <1 magnitude large enough to redistribute seating interface pressures. The final study investigated the pressure relieving behaviours of SCI individuals during everyday computer use, and the application of an ergonomically adapted computer-based activity to reduce seating interface pressures. The majority of movements perfon11ed by participants in this study had minimal etfect on interface pressures, yet many of the participants believed they performed frequent pressure reliefs. This thesis evidences the need for individual assessments and pressure relieving strategies, and introduces a novel concept of integrating pressure relief within everyday activities.
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Keyne, Lori Valerie. "Choral seating arrangements and their effects on musical and social elements." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185836.
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Choral experts have promoted either sectional block or mixed seating formations in choirs for various reasons. Previous research by Lambson indicates that there is no clear advantage to choral sound in either mixed or sectional formations, and, according to Tocheff, mixed formation has no advantage over sectional block formation. This research attempted to relate choral seating arrangements to individual musical growth and sociological dynamics. One hypothesis suggested that a mixed formation promotes individual musical growth in ear-training/sight-singing, vocal freedom, perceived scope of a choral work and also promotes group cohesion. The second and third hypotheses considered the correlation between the percentage of time spent in mixed formation and individual and group trust. Only two relationships were statistically significant: between mixed formation and perceived scope of a choral work, and between the percentage of time spent in mixed formation and group trust. An ancillary finding suggests that individuals who sing in mixed formation, prefer to sing with individuals from different voice parts. These findings suggest that individual musical growth and individual responsibility are enhanced in mixed formation.
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Tuttle, Neil. "Seat Position and Contours for High School Chairs." Thesis, Griffith University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365318.
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School chairs present several particular design difficulties. The need for low cost and durability dictate the use of a firm, non-adjustable chair. The design of a chair to provide the best fit for a population is not simply a matter of fitting the average size person from the population. The appropriate dimensions of a chair to provide the best fit for a population can be determined by ensuring that 'the smallest can fit and the largest can reach.' Just as the anthropometric dimension of an average size person is not necessarily the appropriate dimension to use for determining a dimension of a chair for that population, so too the angles and contours suitable for an average size person are not necessarily the most suitable for the population as a whole. Unfortunately clear principles that enable fitting the dimensions of a chair to a population do not appear to exist for fitting the angles and contours of a chair to a population, particularly a school population.
An understanding of the mechanics of sitting is a prerequisite to addressing the question of fitting a chair to a population. Chapter 2 presents a qualitative discussion of the mechanics of the interaction between a chair and its occupant. In addition to the commonly considered chair design features such as the heights and angles of the seat and backrest the contour of the seat is also shown to be an important element in the overall functioning of a chair.
The purpose of the experiments described in Chapter 3 are to determine the appropriate seat position for the largest size school chair in Australian schools. An experimental chair was constructed with the height of the front of the seat, seat depth, and seat width as described by Sebel Furniture (1995) and Australian Standards (1995). The experiments in Chapter 3 consisted of two groups of 16 Year 11 students adjusting the rear seat height (seat angle) on an experimental chair to their preferred height. The first group adjusted the rear seat height during a simulated classroom activity while sitting at a desk as used in their usual classroom. As the results from this group suggested that the desk height could have influenced the preferred rear seat height a second group adjusted the rear seat height for a brief adjustment period while sitting at three different desk heights. The results indicate that there were no significant differences between the long and short adjustment periods and that the seat angle corresponding to the preferred rear seat height was between -1.1 to + 2.7 degrees. The preferred rear seat height of students exhibited a negative correlation with their popliteal height and a positive correlation with the height of the desk being used at the time. In other words students with a higher popliteal height preferred a lower rear seat height and when a higher desk was used, the students preferred a higher rear seat height.
In Chapter 4 a second experimental chair with a purpose built contour measuring device (bumograph) mounted in place of the seat was used to measure seated buttock contours. The position of the bumograph corresponded with the seat position determined in Chapter 3. The buttock contours of 16 Year 11 students were measured while sitting on the experimental chair in a range of postures used in the school setting. One anterior-posterior (AP) and one lateral profile were extracted from the measured contours and six dimensions from these profiles were analysed for common features and systematic variations related to posture, mass, or gender which may assist in the design of future school chair seats. The data showed consistent patterns in the general shape of both the AP and lateral profiles. Five out of the six profile dimensions were significantly different for males and females. In contrast only one dimension for one pair of postures demonstrated significant differences.
A synthesis of the theoretical and experimental work from Chapters 2-4 is presented in Chapter 5. Particular attention is given to how the findings of the present studies may be applied to future research and to school chair design.<br>Thesis (Masters)<br>Master of Philosophy (MPhil)<br>School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science<br>Griffith Health<br>Full Text
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Sattar, Imran. "A novel system for the measurement of body shape and construction of seating supports for patients." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/30395/1/Imran_Sattar_Thesis.pdf.
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Patients with severe back deformities can greatly benefit from customized medical seating. Customized medical seating is made by taking measurements of each individual patient and making the seat as per these measurements. The current measuring systems employed by the industry are limited to use in clinics which are generally located only in major population centres. Patients living in remote areas are severely affected by this as the clinics could be far away and inaccessible for these patients. To provide service of customized medical seating requires a new measurement system which is portable so that the system could be transported to the patients in remote areas. The requirements for a new measurement system are analysed to suite the needs of Equipment Technology Services of the Cerebral Palsy League of Queensland. Design for a new measurement system was conceptualised by reviewing systems and technologies in various scientific disciplines. Design for a new system was finalised by optimizing each individual component. The final approach was validated by measuring difficult models and repeating the process to check for process variances. This system has now been adopted for clinical evaluation by ETS Suggestions have been made for further improvements in this new measurement approach.
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Sattar, Imran. "A novel system for the measurement of body shape and construction of seating supports for patients." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30395/.
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Patients with severe back deformities can greatly benefit from customized medical seating. Customized medical seating is made by taking measurements of each individual patient and making the seat as per these measurements. The current measuring systems employed by the industry are limited to use in clinics which are generally located only in major population centres. Patients living in remote areas are severely affected by this as the clinics could be far away and inaccessible for these patients. To provide service of customized medical seating requires a new measurement system which is portable so that the system could be transported to the patients in remote areas. The requirements for a new measurement system are analysed to suite the needs of Equipment Technology Services of the Cerebral Palsy League of Queensland. Design for a new measurement system was conceptualised by reviewing systems and technologies in various scientific disciplines. Design for a new system was finalised by optimizing each individual component. The final approach was validated by measuring difficult models and repeating the process to check for process variances. This system has now been adopted for clinical evaluation by ETS Suggestions have been made for further improvements in this new measurement approach.
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Tunstall, Hillary Walcott Christy. "Effects of Alternative Seating on the Academic Engagement of Children With Autism." [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2688.
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Hammang, Angela Jean. "The effect of seating assignments on student achievement in the biology classroom." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/hammang/HammangA0812.pdf.
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This study investigated the relationship between classroom seating arrangements, student motivation and achievement in the science classroom. Data were collected over 16 weeks. Students were placed in three different seating arrangements for three weeks each: self-chosen seats, randomly assigned seats, and teacher assigned seats. Each was repeated to make a total of six treatment periods. Students' attitudes and motivation to learn were measured by their attitude survey and interview responses. Multiple choice formative assessments were administered each day to measure each student's level of engagement and understanding of the daily learning objectives. Curriculum unit difficulty levels were calculated to ensure that no one treatment was significantly different than the next. The results showed that teacher chosen seating arrangements yielded better performances across the entire population. When investigating higher- and lower-performing students, the high performers accomplished significantly better results with the aid of teacher chosen seats, whereas the lower-performers showed no improvement with any seating method. The findings also revealed that, within my student interview group, there was significant improvement in all performance levels with the teacher chosen seats. These results indicate that well-developed communication between instructor and student helps to inform the teacher of necessary accommodations for each student. The results revealed that the most effective teaching days occurred during teacher chosen seating treatments where I was more able to control the classroom environment while experiencing the highest level of comfort.
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Kitchen, James Patrick. "Design of Wheelchair Seating Systems for Users with High-Tone Extensor Thrust." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11500.
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High-tone extensor thrust is common to those with cerebral palsy and those suffering spinal cord injuries. It is a muscle-control phenomenon that causes the body to straighten spastically. One goal of this thesis is to design a dynamic seating system that moves with respect to the wheelchair frame, allowing the seat to move with the user during an extensor thrust and reduce forces. One unique challenge is that the seat needs to remain rigid during normal functional activities and only become dynamic when an involuntary thrust is detected. A second goal of this thesis is to design a control scheme that is able to differentiate between these two types of motion. These design goals are initially investigated with a hinged-seatback system, instrumented with sensors to allow for the detection of thrusts and to actively control seating components. A full seating system is then built to allow for full-body extensor thrusts, involving the seatback, seat bottom, and leg rest of the wheelchair. This system is analyzed for effectiveness of reducing forces on the body during an extensor thrust.
Another serious problem for this segment of the population is pressure ulcers. These are caused by prolonged pressure on the skin from weight-bearing bony prominences. Various seating system configurations are known to help with pressure relief. The three standard configurations for a chair are tilt, recline, and standing. The final goal of this thesis is to measure and compare the effectiveness of these three methods for their ability to relieve pressure on the seat bottom. To accomplish this, a powered wheelchair with built-in capabilities for recline and standing is mounted to a tilting mechanism. Test subjects are used to experimentally compare the effectiveness of each method for pressure reduction using pressure mats on all weight-bearing surfaces. A 2D model is also developed and validated with the experimental results.
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Clifton, John L. Buskist William. "Preferential seating for college students with ADHD is it an effective accomodation? /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2007/FALL/Psychology/Dissertation/CLIFTON_JOHN_5.pdf.
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Dillow, Kevin B. "The social and ecclesiastical significance of church seating arrangements and pew disputes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306790.
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Jensen, James Peter. "The seismic behaviour of existing hollowcore seating connections pre and post retrofit." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1148.
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This investigation was part of a greater research initiative regarding the seismic vulnerability of precast hollowcore floor systems. The primary focus throughout the research programme has been to investigate the susceptibility to loss of vertical support of the floor system, from the seating beam. Previous research firstly focussed on identifying and understanding preconceived deficiencies with existing seating connection details. This was followed by the validation of amended, superior performing, 'new' seating connection details. However, little consideration has been given to retrofit techniques for already existing buildings, with potentially poor performing existing seating connections. A two-dimensional, single hollowcore unit, seating connection sub-assembly is used to experimentally investigate the seismic behaviour of previously un-tested existing seating connections pre- and post-retrofit. Three existing seating connection configurations, with the hollowcore unit seated directly on the bare concrete seating ledge and with varying seating lengths were tested. These tests were followed by a fourth retrofitted specimen. Both relative rotation between the hollowcore unit and seating beam, and beam elongation 'pull-off' deformations (resulting from the supporting frame deformations) were imposed on the test specimens. In conjunction with this experimental investigation and with prior knowledge from previous investigations, three primary failure mechanisms for existing hollowcore seating connections are summarised. A suite of conceptual retrofit techniques which target the critical structural weaknesses attributed to causing the primary failure mechanisms are outlined. In general, unfavourable performance was exhibited by the existing seating connections in the experimental investigation, resulting in loss of vertical support of the hollowcore unit under imposed 'pull-off' effects. In contrast, when the retrofit strategy was implemented, a higher level of seismic performance, leading to collapse prevention was achieved. A review is carried out into existing beam elongation numerical models, which are simple and involve only hand-type calculation procedures. The aim of this was to investigate potential methods for predicting the 'pull-off' effects on suspended floor systems. From this, a modification is made to an existing, loading dependent method developed by Matthews (2004). The modified method aimed to more accurately represent the loading dependant nature of beam elongation (and the resulting 'pull-off' effects) as described by Lee and Watanabe (2003). A number of beam elongation predictions for a suite of experimental beam elongation data sets were carried out with the modified method. Good agreement was generally seen, both in terms of prediction of the magnitude of elongation and the shape of the elongation profile.
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Wright, Catherine. "The spatial ordering of community in English church seating, c.1550-1700." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3079/.
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The evidence for this thesis includes several hundred pew disputes heard before the church courts in the period c.1550-1700. The jurisdictions examined here include the dioceses of York, of Chester, of Coventry and Lichfield, and of London. These have been supplemented by churchwardens' accounts, parish registers and vestry minutes. These sources also often contained pew lists and plans that are analysed alongside rate assessments and other taxation records. This thesis investigates the relationship between church seating arrangements and the social hierarchy of local communities in sixteenth and seventeenth century England. It firstly, therefore, explores both legal and official views regarding church seating and status. Secondly, it examines the nature and chronology of conflict over pews, and the social profile of disputants. Thirdly, it explores popular perceptions of the social order through the analysis of the depositional evidence generated by pew disputes. Fourthly, the chronology of pew litigation is explored in the light of ecclesiastical policy and the reaction to these policies in the localities, particularly during the 1630s. Fifthly, the thesis considers the possibility that dispute was a function of the function implication of changing methods of pew allocation. Finally, through the consideration of the meaning of conflict over church seating as it erupted in the context of three parishes over a number of years, the role each of these themes played in helping to construct the local social order is analysed. The analysis of the records of pew disputes and of the politics of space in church here enables us to perceive more clearly how contemporaries attempted to negotiate their social roles across a complex web of intersecting and overlapping hierarchies and thereby become agents in the recreation of the local social order. Moreover, depositional evidence in particular suggests that status itself was a compound phenomenon that incorporated a number of factors including wealth, age, gender, reputation and officeholding.
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McDonald, Rachael Leigh. "Seating systems for children with cerebral palsy : study of acceptability and effectiveness." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1383524/.
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Background. Adaptive seating systems are used with children with cerebral palsy to promote function and independence and to prevent the development of deformity. A seating system that uses a sacral pad and kneeblock to control the pelvis was investigated. Methods A mixed methodology design was employed. Acceptability was addressed through the development and administration of matching questionnaires to the parents and therapists of the children participating in the project. Effectiveness was investigated by measuring pressure at the sacral pad, force exerted through a kneeblock, seated postural alignment and seated function; during a case controlled trial, where children were seen 6 times over a period of 6 months. Children removed their kneeblocks for a period of one month between visits 3 and 4. The force, pressure and postural alignment data were statistically analysed. Theoretical biomechanical analyses were also performed. Results Questionnaire results showed important differences between parents and therapists views of the seating systems. Therapists concentrated on postural management, whilst parents were concerned with day-to-day management of the child. There were few statistically significant differences over the 6-visit trial for force, pressure or postural alignment. There were no statistically significant correlations between force measured at the kneeblocks and pressure exerted through a sacral pad, nor between force and postural alignment. Statistically significant effects on hip abduction and hip rotation were found on removal of kneeblocks. Finally, individual biornechanical analysis illustrated positive effects for hip abduction for some children, but a tendency to increase deformity in half of the children. Conclusions Adaptive seating systems that use a kneeblock and sacral pad may achieve hip rotation and abduction for children with cerebral palsy. However, no other improvements in posture were seen, and biomechanical analysis showed an increase in tendency of the children to develop secondary deformity.
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Künzler, Patrik A. (Patrik Alwin). "Humanseat : semi-wearable seating concepts for vehicle control, medical, and wellbeing applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39338.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 89).<br>This thesis explores how natural bodily movements can be translated into a control interface for vehicles. Focusing on the car, our goal is to increase human performance and wellbeing while eliminating the traditionally antagonistic relationship between comfort and freedom of movement vs. support, safety and sensing the car. We will discuss seating, traditional controls, their origins, evolution, and their implications in the context of today's cars. Based on the physical demands of the vehicle environment, and on positive body experiences from sports and other concepts of movement, we will then explore how we could re-think the function, self-image, and presentation of the human body in the context of cars. We will develop a seat prototype, which will encourage beneficial body sensations and - motions, taking into account the shapes, textures, and emotional significance of touch and movement in and by itself, and in the car environment. The core of our concept will focus on natural movements of the lower back and hips, as experienced when walking or skiing. Building on the exoskeleton-like "Athlete Seat," which blurs the boundaries between wearing and sitting in, we will develop the core prototype out towards the upper body and limbs.<br>(cont.) We will develop a second prototype, which will have pelvic movements in the frontal plane as done when walking, bicycling, or dancing, as the basis of its concept. This prototype will be connected to a car simulator to investigate if good vehicle control can be achieved with our method. In a second stage, we will systematically evaluate the car control, wellbeing, and fun aspects in a user study. Our modular design will be usable in parts and adaptable to various uses, in vehicles, for entertainment, exercise, wellbeing, and medical purposes, improving physical condition and the way we relate to our bodies.<br>by Patrik A. Künzler.<br>S.M.
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von, Schlutter Hannah. "A LITERATURE REVIEW OF SENSORY-BASED ALTERATIVE SEATING FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/51.
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The purpose of this review was to determine whether the use of sensory-based alternative seating to increase the appropriate behaviors of individuals with disabilities is an evidence-based practice (EBP). Articles located on this topic were descriptively analyzed, and What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) guidelines were applied to determine each study’s methodological rigor, level of evidence, and whether, taken together, there is enough research to support alternative seating as an EBP. A total of 37 studies of the effects of sensory-based alternative seating on individuals with disabilities were found. These studies included a total of 44 participants, between 3 to 9 years of age. Based on WWC guidelines, six of the 37 studies, or 16%, met standards for rigor, and of those, only one study showed evidence of a positive effect on the target behavior. The results and their implications for teachers/practitioners, and future research are discussed.
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Masters, Bernard Thomas. "An examination of the neuro-musculo-skeletal health of the horsewoman in relation to saddle design." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302635.
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Monat, Heath Barnhart. "Lumbar Skin Profile Prediction from Anterior and Lateral Torso Measurements." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343062090.
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Dupuis, Christine Angela. "A biomechanical comparison of two seating systems for moderately involved cerebral-palsied children /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66156.
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Telfer, Scott. "The development of a novel adaptive seating system for children with neuromuscular disorders." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15486.
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