Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sealing

Academic literature on the topic 'Sealing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Sealing"

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Xu, Lin, Xiaohe Huang, Xin Huang, Jie Xu, Xijin Xing, Mingbiao Xu, Chao Ma, and Meilan Huang. "Systematic Experimental Investigation on In-Situ Self-Adaptive Sealing Property of Composite Pressure-Activated Sealant for Curing Minor Tubular Leaks." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 5597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215597.

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Curing minor leaks and restoring the integrity of a wellbore in a safe and economical way is always challenging in oil and gas production. In this work, a composite pressure-activated sealant, combined with liquid and solid sealing materials, was prepared via the demulsification approach. The structure, morphology, and size distribution of key particulates in the sealant were examined, and the in-situ self-adaptive sealing property was examined with a specially design dynamic sealing detector. The results indicated that the pressure-activated sealant was a multi-dispersed phase system, and the dispersed colloid particles were regular in shape and had a narrow size distribution of 300–400 μm. The solid sealing materials were introduced to construct a composite pressure-activated sealant, and the sealing capability can be markedly reinforced by cooperativity of liquid and solid sealing materials. A mechanochemical coupling model was put forward to rationalize the dynamic sealing process. Finally, such sealant system was employed in a certain offshore gas well with sustained casing pressure to verify its applicability in minor defect repairs.
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Wei, Xinlong, Erguang Fu, Aolin Ban, Wy Zhu, Dl Wu, N. Li, and C. Zhang. "Influence of nano-alumina sealing treatment on corrosion resistance of Fe-based amorphous coatings." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 69, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-09-2021-2545.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of nano-alumina sealant sealing treatment on corrosion behavior of the Fe-based amorphous coatings deposited on 304 stainless steel plates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) with different hydrogen flow rates. Design/methodology/approach The surface morphology and microstructure of the unsealed and sealed coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiment in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution. Findings Results show that a few microcracks and pores exist in the as-sprayed Fe-based amorphous coatings. The pores on the surface of the coatings after sealing treatment have been filled with nano-alumina sealant, which can effectively prevent corrosive medium from entering into coatings. Electrochemical tests results show that the corrosion resistance of the coatings before sealing treatment decreases with the increase of hydrogen flow rate and is significantly improved by sealing treatment. Originality/value The effect of nano-alumina sealant sealing treatment on corrosion resistance of APS-sprayed Fe-based amorphous coatings is revealed. The corrosion resistance of the as-sprayed Fe-based amorphous coating can be significantly improved by nano-alumina sealant sealing treatment because of the blocking effect of nano-alumina sealant on corrosive medium, which confirms that the application of nano-alumina sealant sealing treatment is of a practical option to improve corrosion resistance of as-sprayed thermal sprayed coatings.
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Muratova, Leysan, Oskar Ismagilov, Elena Statseva, and Aydar Ablyazov. "FISSURE CARIES: DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF CURATION IN THE SCHOOL DENTAL OFFICE." Actual problems in dentistry 15, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2019-15-4-149-154.

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Subject. The problem of fissure caries remains one of the key in modern cariesology. For individual prevention, the most effective is the method of sealing fissures and fossae of the surface of the teeth. By sealing (sealing) fissures, the creation of a physical barrier for cariogenic factors and microbial plaque, remineralization of hard tooth tissues is achieved. The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of fissure sealing in 9-year-old children living in Kazan. Methodology. The study was conducted using the clinical method and statistical analysis of the data. In total, 137 children aged 9 years old, studying in the third grades of the gymnasium No. 102 of Kazan, took part in it. The main group included 82 schoolchildren who performed non-invasive fissure sealing (the first permanent molars) with UltraSeal XT plus sealant, the comparison group consisted of 55 students who did not have fissure sealing. Results. After 12 months, out of 165 teeth previously coated with sealant, sealant on 95 teeth was completely preserved (57.6 % of cases), sealant fell out or partially retained (tooth is intact) in 36.4 %, fissure caries at the place of sealant was detected in 6.1 % The effectiveness of fissure sealing, which consists in maintaining a healthy masticatory surface of hard tooth tissues, after 12 months of follow-up was 91.9 % with a reduction of caries of 76.7 %. A comparison of the data clearly showed that the condition of the first molars, which was used to seal the fissures, allows us to talk about the preservation of intact fissures in 88 % of cases, while 56 % of unsealed molars are prone to caries of fissures and only 44 % remain intact after a year. Conclusions. A clinical study confirms that sealing fissures is a reliable and reasonable method for the prevention of fissure caries.
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Johnson, David R., Reed B. Freeman, and James R. Stevenson. "Cost-Effectiveness of Crack Sealing Materials and Techniques for Asphalt Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1697, no. 1 (January 2000): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1697-06.

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Sealing or filling cracked asphalt pavements to prevent the intrusion of water into the pavement structure has long been an accepted practice of the Montana Department of Transportation. Attempts were made to establish the most economical and effective method of sealing pavement cracks for Montana and to better determine crack sealing’s role within Montana’s pavement management system (PvMS). Four experimental test sites were constructed within crack-sealing projects. The test sites included combinations of nine sealant materials and six sealing techniques. Monitoring of the test sites includes visual inspections (for all of the sites) and nondestructive structural readings and surface distress identification under Montana’s PvMS (for one test location). One expectation of the inspections is an estimation of crack sealing’s useful life. Information on project history and project methodology, including the methods used for evaluating the performance of sealed cracks, is presented. Interim conclusions are presented, most of which have been obtained from the two test sites that have been in service for 3 years. Similar performance has been observed for all materials with ASTM D5329 cone penetrations in excess of 90. In general, routing of transverse cracks improved the performance of the sealants. Routing did not appear necessary for centerline longitudinal cracks. Observations from the first year of service for the most recent installation are noted. Notably, router operators appear to prefer the shallow reservoir configuration over square reservoirs. The highest failure rates occur during the coldest period of the year, and much of this distress “heals” after exposure to the summer heat.
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Fried, Andrew, Haritha Malladi, and Cassie Castorena. "Impact of Crack Sealant on Pavement Skid Resistance." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 7 (June 2, 2019): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119849590.

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Crack sealing is often a cost-effective preventive maintenance strategy for prolonging pavement service life when applied to pavements in relatively good condition. Crack sealing is generally ineffective for extending the life of heavily cracked pavements. However, crack sealing is often applied to pavements with extensive cracking. The application of crack sealing to pavements with extensive cracking can pose a skid resistance hazard. This study investigates the relationship between the amount and distribution of crack sealant application and pavement skid resistance. Locked-Wheel Skid Tester (LWST) testing was conducted on several pavement projects in North Carolina, United States, with varying amounts and patterns of crack sealant. Images of the locations of LWST testing were obtained and processed to determine the percentage of the pavement surface area covered by crack sealant. A relationship between the percentage of the wheel path covered by crack sealant and LWST results was established that demonstrates the application of high amounts of crack sealant to the wheel path can pose safety hazards. The effect of crack sealant on pavement skid resistance is a function of the existing pavement’s frictional characteristics. The results of this study highlight the need for the development of crack sealant specification provisions to avoid the loss of skid resistance.
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Yildirim, Yetkin. "Field performance comparison of asphalt crack-filling materials: hot pour versus cold pour." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-143.

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One of the most important components of pavement maintenance has been the sealing of cracks. The most commonly used materials for crack sealing are hot-pour sealants, such as hot rubber asphalt. However, this material can be hazardous at high operating temperatures and is more likely to be picked up by vehicle tires if the sealant is not sufficiently adhered to the pavement. Thus, cold-pour sealants have been considered as an alternative for crack sealing purposes. This study aims to compare the performance of hot-pour rubber asphalt crack sealant and cold-pour asphalt emulsion crack sealant in five different Texas districts that experience different weather conditions. The comparison includes seven different crack sealants: three cold pour and four hot pour. Five different roads in five districts were selected for comparison of the sealants. The field study results indicate that hot-pour sealants performed better than cold-pour sealants.Key words: sealants, emulsified crack sealants, crack sealing, asphalt pavements.
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Jivoinovici, Radita, Ileana Suciu, Irina Gheorghiu, and Ioana Suciu. "A configuration of lateral and accessory channels from interradicular furcation in upper molars – assumptions regarding their sealing process." Romanian Journal of Stomatology 62, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2016.1.5.

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The difficulty issuing assumptions sealing lateral canals is closely linked to the unpredictability constituting where the elements are placed in the lateral canal content (connective tissue, necrotic tissue, microbial germs, which can interfere with the sealant, influencing the quality of sealing). It is known that these lateral channels can not benefit from debridement and instrumentation, implying persistent organic content, which interferes with the sealing. The aim of this study is to highlight the lateral canals and accessory furcation on extracted teeth using dye impregnation methodology that is commonly used to identify internal anatomical configuration of the endodontic space. The study also aims to identify the pattern of lateral canals in addition to the establishment of theoretical models about the thereof process of sealing. Thus, imagines sealant flow patterns through lateral channels by applying Bernoulli’s principle and Darcy’s law.
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Oleksiienko, Olena, and Lena Vergun. "The influence of the conditions of applying sealing polymer materials on the deformation resistance of the sealanter to sclofibro concrete." Building constructions. Theory and Practice, no. 14 (June 28, 2024): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2522-4182.14.2024.79-88.

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The article deals with the features of the treatment of solid surfaces with a primer before using sealing materials. The adhesive strength of the sealant to the area of adhesion is the basis for sealing the joints. Lack of adhesion leads to the ingress of water, dirt, precipitation and other climatic effects, which eventually lead to the destruction of the seams. Therefore, it is extremely important to observe the seam treatment technology before applying the sealant. Proper treatment of seams with a primer, observing the time of application to the base, before using sealing materials will increase the durability and service lifespan of the sealed joint. To improve the adhesive strength between the adhesive and the substrate, as a rule, the hard surface (substrate) is pre-treated with a primer based on polyurethane foam or epoxy resins. These primers are used because when exposed to a hard surface, a polymer matrix is formed, which, upon further contact with the sealant, increases the adhesion strength in the contact zone. In surface defect zones with moisture content, a new surface layer is also formed due to the participation of polymer groups in forming intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The formation of a polymer layer on a solid surface containing defective zones requires a certain time. Tests were carried out to determine the resistance to deformations of a combination of sealant/primer sealing materials in combination with glass fiber reinforced concrete samples and to establish the influence of the conditions for applying a primer/sealant to the surface of a glass fiber reinforced concrete composition on resistance to a series of character cycles of equal loads and temperature changes, with a deformation of the sealing material of 25% . It has been established that the time of treatment of a solid surface with a primer should be at least 5 minutes. If this condition is not observed when sealing materials are applied to glass fiber reinforced concrete, it may cause the sealant to separate from the base.
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Massa, Michele, and Yusuf Tuna. "Reassessing western and central Anatolian Early Bronze Age sealing practices: a case from Boz Höyük (Afyon)." Anatolian Studies 69 (2019): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154619000048.

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AbstractThis paper presents a detailed investigation of an Early Bronze Age clay sealing from Boz Höyük, a settlement mound located along the Büyük Menderes valley (inland western Anatolia). The artefact, clearly local in manufacture, was employed as a stopper to seal a bottle/flask and impressed with two different stamp seals. These elements are compared to all other published contemporary sealings in western and central Anatolia, in order to understand the degree of complexity of sealing practices in the region. In turn, evidence of Early Bronze Age Anatolian sealing practices is discussed in relation to the available evidence regarding the degree of social complexity in local communities. It is suggested that, during the Early Bronze Age, sealings were employed for product branding rather than control over storage and redistribution of commodities, and only at the beginning of the second millennium BC did the region witness the introduction of complex administrative practices.
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Francescut, P., and A. Lussi. "Performance of a Conventional Sealant and a Flowable Composite on Minimally Invasive Prepared Fissures." Operative Dentistry 31, no. 5 (September 1, 2006): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/05-91.

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Clinical Relevance Preparation prior to fissure sealing did not enhance the performance of the sealant. However, if caries is suspected and an enameloplasty has to be performed, opening the fissure with a diamond bur and sealing it with a conventional sealer is recommended.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sealing"

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Wyatt, Hayley Louise. "Electrosurgical vessel sealing." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/59830/.

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Electrosurgical vessel sealing devices have been demonstrated to reduce patient blood loss and operative time during surgery. Whilst the benefits of such devices are widely reported there is still a large variation in the quality of the seal produced, with factors such as vessel size known to effect seal quality. The study aimed to investigate parameters affecting device performance and improve the seal quality. The burst pressure test was used to assess the seal quality and tissue adhesion was measured using a peel test. Additionally histology techniques were used to quantify vessel morphology and found that with an increase in elastin content there was a reduction in seal quality. A number of device modifications were made, testing a selection of non-stick coatings and surface features of the shims. No coating reduced the level of tissue adhesion to the device, but results found that with a greater level of adhesion there was a reduction in seal quality. Considering the different surface features one design, a combination of longitudinal and transverse grooves, resulted in a seal failure rate of 0.0%, a significant improvement in device performance. Two FEM’s were produced to further investigate the device modifications; one in FEBio investigating the mechanical aspects of vessel sealing and the second a multiphysics model to investigate the thermal aspects of vessel sealing. Results from both FEM’s showed a difference in shim performance, with the addition of surface features effecting the stress distribution within the vessel wall and the heat distribution. Additionally DIC was used to capture the vessel sealing process, with results showing each seal was produced in a different way with different levels of tissue contraction. Research conducted demonstrated a number of significant relationships between seal quality and vessel properties, but did not find an explanation for all variation occurring.
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Chen, Ai. "Sealing Borders with Wireless Sensors." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259621746.

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Insolia, Gerard. "Computer aided design and dynamic modeling of non-contacting mechanical face seals." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16105.

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Barrington, Thauvette Suzelle. "The sealing of soils by manure /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72753.

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Ahmadun, Mustaza Bin H. "The sealing of porous aluminium films." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390013.

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Eriksson, Magnus. "Prediction of grout spread and sealing effect." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Civil and Architectural Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3340.

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Aoyagi, Yuichi [Verfasser]. "Aging processes of sealing materials / Yuichi Aoyagi." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179909542/34.

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Ran, Chongwei. "Performance of fracture sealing with bentonite grouting." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186118.

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A bentonite grouting technology has been developed to meet the requirements of fracture sealing for nuclear waste isolation and environmental engineering. The work reported presents an experimental evaluation of the performance of the bentonite fracture sealing in densely welded tuff. Included are the study of grout stability and resistance to erosion, theoretical and numerical analyses of the grout penetration process, pressure distribution in the fracture during grouting, grout delivery distance, breakthrough pressure and rheological characterization. Bentonite suspensions with solids content of 18, 20 and 22% by weight have been injected into single fractures in rock samples at 0.07 to 3.45 MPa pressure. Bentonite grouting reduces the fracture hydraulic conductivity by 7 to 9 orders in magnitude, to the level of 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁹ cm/s. Grout stability and erosion have been studied with long-term flow testing at up to 121 kPa hydraulic pressure. After 1,000 to 5,000 hours of flow testing, at pressure gradients of up to 91 cm/cm, the hydraulic conductivity of the grouted fracture does not increase with test time. The hydraulic conductivity of the grouted fracture decreases with increasing pressure gradient up to the wash-out pressure. Analytical solutions have been derived for pressure distribution during grouting in wedge shaped fractures and in fractures with constant aperture. Influence factors on pressure distribution in a fracture have been identified. They are yield stress, fracture shape, original aperture, deformation properties of the rock mass and the fracture, mixing of air in a grout and sample size. A mathematical solution of grout delivery distance under a given injection pressure has been developed. The breakthrough pressure has been studied, based on the mechanical deformation of the fracture applied by a normal stress across the fracture and by the grout pressure within the fracture during grouting. Results indicate that bentonite grouting is a promising fracture sealing technology. Bentonite grout has great hydraulic conductivity reduction and chemical physical stability. Some disadvantages of bentonite grout have been identified, such as the formation of hydraulic fractures in the grout and the washing away of grout particles when the applied pressure gradient is high enough.
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Raja, Mohan Anandu, and Niranjan Sutar. "Characterization of Sealing Surface for Static Seals." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263915.

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Leakages from seals are one of the important factors that are taken into consideration while designing any machining element. This is because leakages can affect the performance of any component and can also turn into a catastrophe. If looked into it, many parameters can be pointed out that can enhance leakages within the system, some of them may be pressure, temperature, clamping force and bolt distance etc. But the main parameter is the surface roughness, higher the roughness more the leakage and vice-versa. Thus, in this thesis an attempt has been made how the surface roughness can affect the performance of the sealing concept for metal bounded gasket with above four mentioned parameters. Also how leak proof surface can be defined using standard tribological parameters is the aim of this thesis. This report includes the results for methodologies implemented during the thesis and track down the leakages. The leaked surfaces were carefully studied and analyzed using different standards compared with the non leaked surfaces’ roughness parameters.
Läckagerisk från tätande förband är en av de viktigaste faktorerna som beaktas vid utformning av konstruktionsartiklar. Detta på grund av att konsekvenserna kan bli förödande. Det tätande förbandet påverkas av många olika parametrar såsom till exempel tryck, temperatur, klämkraft, skruvavstånd och val av packning. En viktig faktor är ytans beskaffenhet; Generellt läcker en grov yta och vågig yta mer än en fin och plan yta. Således har i denna avhandling ytans beskaffenhet studerats tillsammans med en packning av typen metallburen gummipackning för att påvisa täthetfunktionen som en funktion av tryck, temperatur, klämkraft och skruvavstånd. Denna rapport innehåller resultat och analys av olika standardmetoder för de ytor som ingick i utredningen.
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Geeves, Guy William, and not available. "Aggregate Breakdown and Soil Surface Sealing under Rainfall." The Australian National University, 1997. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20010702.142014.

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Aggregate breakdown is an important process controlling the availability of fine soil material necessary for structural sealing of soil surfaces under rainfall. It may be caused by slaking resulting from rapid soil wetting and by physical dispersion resulting from direct and indirect energetic raindrop impacts. Relationships have been proposed by others predicting steady infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity from final aggregate size following high energy rainfall on initially dry, uncovered soil surfaces. Under these extreme conditions, both rapid wetting and energetic raindrop impact result in maximum aggregate breakdown and surface sealing. Knowledge of the relative importance of these two agents under less severe conditions and knowledge of how increased aggregate stability due to conservative soil management may ameliorate them should improve prediction and management of aggregate breakdown and surface sealing. ¶ This study has isolated and quantified effects of rapid soil wetting and energetic raindrop impact on aggregate breakdown and surface sealing. Simulated rainfall was applied to re-packed soils from differing tillage treatments on light textured soils from near Cowra and Condobolin in New South Wales, Australia. Aggregate breakdown was assessed using aggregate size distribution, determined by wet sieving and summarised by a range of statistics. The degree of breakdown was assessed after 66 mm of simulated rainfall whilst the rate of change in aggregate size distribution was assessed by sampling after 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 mm. The degree of surface sealing was assessed using final surface hydraulic conductivity after 66 mm rainfall calculated from inferred infiltration and measured sub-seal soil water potential. The rate of surface sealing was assessed prior to ponding using cumulative rainfall volume at ponding and throughout the post-ponding phase by decline in surface hydraulic conductivity as a function of cumulative rainfall kinetic energy. Two levels of raindrop kinetic energy flux and three wetting treatments were used to isolate effects of these agents of aggregate breakdown and surface sealing. ¶ Significant surface aggregate breakdown was observed when either rapid soil wetting or highly energetic raindrop impact were allowed to occur. The majority of the data suggest a negative interaction between the two agents. When soil was initially dry rapid soil wetting was the dominant agent causing rapid aggregate breakdown, generally within the first 5 mm of rainfall. When rapid soil wetting was prevented by tension pre-wetting, energetic raindrop impact was the dominant agent and was able to cause aggregate breakdown of an almost equivalent degree. This breakdown occurred over a period lasting for up to 30 mm of rainfall. In contrast, the rate and degree of surface sealing were influenced primarily by raindrop kinetic energy with highly energetic impact leading to significant surface sealing, irrespective of soil wetting. For the soils studied, it was concluded that structural sealing of surface soil, could be significantly reduced by protecting the soil surface from energetic raindrop impact but that prevention of surface aggregate breakdown required amelioration of both processes. ¶ In addition to the negative interaction referred to above, a positive interaction was observed whereby energetic raindrop impact occurring concurrently with rapid soil wetting caused a greater degree of aggregate breakdown and a greater degree of surface sealing than energetic raindrop impact occurring subsequent to rapid soil wetting. The effect on surface sealing may be explained by the effect of lower sub-seal water potential that necessarily results from initially dry soil condition required for concurrent rapid wetting. However, the effect on aggregate breakdown remains unexplained. ¶ Notwithstanding the above, permeability was reduced under high kinetic energy rainfall even when soil wetting was reduced to very slow rates by tension pre-wetting. Likewise, surface sealing did occur under low kinetic energy rainfall for the least stable soil following rapid soil wetting. It was concluded that threshold soil wetting rates and threshold rainfall energy levels, proposed by others, are either not applicable to these soils or are negligible. ¶ The rate and degree of aggregate breakdown was also dependent on the soil with the Cowra soil being more stable than the Condobolin soil. Greater aggregate stability brought about by conservative tillage treatments at both soil locations retarded and reduced surface sealing. Unvalidated simulation modelling was used to illustrate possible effects for the soil water balance. In contrast to the conclusions of Loch (1994b), that were based on soils throughout eastern Queensland, the soil water balance simulations predicted that the residual benefits in ameliorating surface sealing resulting from improved aggregate stability could significantly reduce point runoff under the lower intensity winter rainfalls experienced in southern New South Wales. ¶ Limited testing with Condobolin soil following tension pre-wetting showed that rainfall intensity, varying over the range from 16.5 to 66 mm h-1, had little effect on the decline in surface hydraulic conductivity as a function of cumulative rainfall kinetic energy. This contrasts with greater seal permeability under higher rainfall intensities observed by Romkens et al. (1985) and others. It is proposed that an alternative explanation exists for the observations of Romkens et al. based on reduction in seal permeability due to lower sub-seal water potential under lower intensity rainfall. ¶ Post-ponding reduction in K[subscript sat] under high kinetic energy rainfall exhibited exponential decline as a function of cumulative raindrop kinetic energy as proposed by Moore (1981b). However, inferred rates of decline prior to ponding were more rapid than measured post-ponding rates suggesting that infiltration models using only a single exponential rate of surface K[subscript sat] decline based on post-ponding measurements may be in error. Potential for error is greatest at early times for loose soil that is highly susceptible to sealing. ¶ Pre-ponding decline in surface aggregation was also relatively more rapid than post-ponding decline. This discrepancy was evident irrespective of soil pre-wetting. From this it was concluded that the more rapid initial aggregate breakdown and surface sealing was due, at least in part, to processes other than aggregate slaking due to rapid soil wetting. An explanation has been proposed as follows. Raindrops initially fall on aggregates that have not been subjected to rainfall and therefore each drop has the capacity to cause greater aggregate breakdown than subsequent raindrops that fall on aggregates or soil fragments that have been strong enough to survive preceding rainfall impacts. Such a mechanism could provide an alternative explanation of the findings of Baumhardt et al. (1991) who found that less cumulative raindrop kinetic energy was necessary to achieve a given reduction in surface conductance when the cumulative energy was supplied through lower energy drops. ¶ Relationships predicting rates of surface sealing using aggregate breakdown under rainfall and aggregate stability were evaluated. Post-ponding infiltration rate and surface K[subscript sat] were related to aggregate size by exponential functions. The proportion of surface aggregates less than 0.125 mm in diameter provided slightly more consistent relationships. Parameters of fitted relationships differed among wetting pre-treatments suggesting that the influence of sub-seal water potential on surface K[subscript sat] must be considered whenever such relationships are developed or applied. Aggregate stability determined by wet sieving was related to rainfall volume required for ponding, final K[subscript sat] and final aggregate size but only for initially dry soil suggesting that such relationships may be unique to the rainfall, soils and flow conditions used to develop them. ¶ This study has established the relative importance of rapid soil wetting and energetic raindrop impact in both aggregate breakdown and surface sealing over a range of antecedent soil water and rainfall conditions. It has quantified the effectiveness of culturally induced aggregate stability in ameliorating effects of these two important agents and illustrated the potentially significant consequences for the soil water balance. It has quantified temporal patterns of surface sealing and aggregate breakdown and proposed an alternative mechanism explaining more rapid aggregate breakdown during the initial stages of rainfall. It has identified possible explanations for effects of rainfall intensity on surface sealing observed in other studies. It has also partially evaluated a mechanism proposed to explain important effects of subseal water potential on seal permeability found in this and other studies. These significant findings have been used with the findings of other studies to amend the conceptual model proposed by Le Bissonnias (1990). The amended model gives a more complete description of the relationships between parameters and processes determining aggregate breakdown and structural surface sealing under rainfall.
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Books on the topic "Sealing"

1

Nau, B. S. Fluid Sealing. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992.

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Feltham, John. Sealing steamers. St. John's, Nfld: H. Cuff Publications, 1995.

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Nau, B. S., ed. Fluid Sealing. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6.

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United States. Dept. of Energy and United States. Environmental Protection Agency, eds. Home sealing. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency and US Dept. of Energy, 2002.

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1937-, Nau B. S., and International Conference on Fluid Sealing (13th : 1992 : Bruges, Belgium), eds. Fluid sealing. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Erickson, David E. Crack sealing effectiveness. [Olympia, WA]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Transit, Research, and Intermodal Planning (TRIP) Division in cooperation with the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1992.

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Roth, A. Vacuum sealing techniques. New York: American Institute of Physics, 1994.

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Waclawiczek, Hans-Werner, ed. Progress in Fibrin Sealing. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48362-2.

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9

Association, British Records, ed. Seals and sealing practices. London: British Records Association, 2010.

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10

Mary, Medicus, and Broadneck Senior High School, eds. Shoes, ships & sealing wax. Annapolis, Md: Annapolis Pub. Co., 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sealing"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Sealing." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 650. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10387.

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Ioannides, E. "Seals — Machine Elements of Increasing Importance." In Fluid Sealing, 1–2. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_1.

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Vignaud, J.-C., P. Digat, and H. Nowak. "Water And Steam Tightness Tests of Expanded Graphite Static Gaskets for Nuclear Power Plant Steam Generators." In Fluid Sealing, 141–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_10.

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José, Rizo. "EDF Approach To The Design And Maintenance Of Leaktight Bolted Assemblies." In Fluid Sealing, 157–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_11.

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Paterson, J., and M. Lowry. "Selco Seal." In Fluid Sealing, 165–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_12.

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Derenne, Michel, J. R. Payne, Luc Marchand, and Andre Bazergui. "Development of Test Procedures For Fire Resistance Qualification of Gaskets." In Fluid Sealing, 193–207. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_13.

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Marchand, Luc, André Bazergui, and Michel Derenne. "Recent Developments In Elevated Temperature Gasket Evaluation." In Fluid Sealing, 209–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_14.

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Hirschvogel, Alfred. "Testing Of Gaskets In A Din Flange Before And After Exposure At Elevated Temperature." In Fluid Sealing, 225–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_15.

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Ledauphin, T., Y. Birembaut, E. Inghels, and E. Poulin. "Development Of Test Facility To Characterize Static Seals At Temperature Up To 800°C." In Fluid Sealing, 235–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_16.

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Blach, Adolf E. "Non-Circular Pressure Vessel Flanges New Design Methods." In Fluid Sealing, 247–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2412-6_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sealing"

1

Kim, Soyoung, Karam Han, Seonhoon Kim, and Juhyeon Choi. "Development of sealing glass and fiber type sealant for laser sealing." In ODS 2022: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems, edited by Ryuichi Katayama and Yuzuru Takashima. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2632566.

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Feldmeth, Simon, Christoph Olbrich, and Frank Bauer. "Influence of Lubricants and Shaft Coatings on the Thermal Behaviour of Rotary Shaft Seals." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/6urtm5gb.

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Kröger, Matthias, Robert Teichert, and Yongzhen Lin. "Scaling of radial seals." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/6y5kjzjn.

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Waidner, Peter. "Influence of the installation environment on the operating behavior of mechanical seals." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/xrnzoxjv.

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Nadiama, Sylvain, and Mickael Sansalone. "Seal virtual optimization for enhanced sustainability." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/2yrqoklg.

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Waidner, Peter. "Tribology of dynamic seals on a nanoscale – where does this lead?" In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/ortrq9k9.

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Fricker, Philipp, Matthias Baumann, and Frank Bauer. "Correlation between Wetting Properties and the Susceptibility to Wear of Rotary Shaft Sealing Systems." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/gu93xb2n.

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van der Vorst, Bas, Jeroen Lenten, and Mickael Sansalone. "Responding to sealing challenges in Electric Vehicles (EV)." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/v8v92gr1.

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Semiz, Seckin, Cem Tanyeri, Yoncagül C. Erez, and Ozan Devlen. "Development Of a Novel Wiper Seal Test Rig and Validation of Wiper Seal Performances." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/col5iu5a.

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Möhring, Dirk, and Tim Leichner. "Design for contact lubrication of large seals." In International Sealing Conference. VDMA Fluidtechnik, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61319/ybym3ffe.

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Reports on the topic "Sealing"

1

Michael A. Romano. SEALING SIMULATED LEAKS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833659.

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Author, Not Given. Ducts Sealing Using Injected Spray Sealant, Raleigh, North Carolina (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1126825.

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Sherman, Max H., and Iain S. Walker. Advanced Duct Sealing Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/817246.

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T. Lahnalampi and J. Case. Closure and Sealing Design Calculation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894032.

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SMITH, K. E. Multi-Canister overpack sealing configuration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/11247.

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Sugama, T., and T. ,. Lance Brothers, Bour, D. Butcher. Self-degradable Cementitious Sealing Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/993804.

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Thomas, Jeffery L., and Joan Pope. Sand Sealing of Coastal Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1003862.

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A.T. Watkins. Repository Closure and Sealing Approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850414.

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McDade, S. Sealing Rohacell to Prevent Flaking. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1032102.

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Issa, Mohsen, Ali Alawieh, and Hussein Daoud. Concrete Bridge Deck Crack Sealing. Illinois Center for Transportation, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/24-007.

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Abstract:
Bridge decks are prone to various types of cracking due to a combination of factors, including traffic loads, temperature variations, moisture, and chemical exposure. This report tackles the critical issue of bridge deck cracking by systematically dissecting the problem, exploring various crack types, and emphasizing the crucial inspection and categorization of cracks for effective remediation planning. The report focuses on the selection of appropriate sealants, considering regional conditions. It delves into remediation treatments, offering a spectrum of options based on National Bridge Inventory ratings, deck conditions, and crack characteristics. Additionally, the report classifies sealant products and introduces a cost-analysis framework, promoting well-rounded decision-making that balances short-term project costs with ongoing maintenance expenses. Serving as a valuable resource, the report equips decision-makers with knowledge and tools to optimize resource allocation, enhance bridge deck integrity, and improve maintenance practices.
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