Relevant bibliographies by topics / Seagrasses

Academic literature on the topic 'Seagrasses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Seagrasses":

1

Batuwael, Anggi Wawan, and Dominggus Rumahlatu. "ASOSIASI GASTROPODA DENGAN TUMBUHAN LAMUN DI PERAIRAN PANTAI NEGERI TIOUW KECAMATAN SAPARUA KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH." Biopendix: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan 4, no. 2 (May 22, 2019): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/biopendixvol4issue2page109-116.

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Background: Seagrasses are flowering plants (Angiosperms) that are able to adapt fully in waters with high salinity or live immersed in water. Seagrass has true rhizomes, leaves and roots like plants on land. Seagrasses usually form fields called seagrass beds, especially in tropical and sub-tropical regions. The existence of seagrasses is known to support fishing activities, shellfish communities and other invertebrate biota. Method: This study is a descriptive study to reveal information about environmental characteristics, and associations of seagrasses with gastropods. Results: The study found a class of gastropods, 10 species namely Strombus variabilis, Strombus microurceus, Nassariusl uridus, Nassarius dorsatus, Strombus urceus, Cypraea annulus, Strombus labiatus, Strombus marginatus, Neritas quamulata, Cypraeratigris. Of the seagrass plants found 4 species, namely Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, Cymodocea rotundata. Association values ​​ranged from 4.159-8.85 with positive and negative types. This means that both types of seagrass are often found together or not found together in each observation box. Conclusion: There is a weak association between seagrass and gastropods in the coastal waters of Tiouw State. The association of gastropod types with seagrass species is found in 10 types of gastropods and 4 types of seagrasses in the waters of the Tiouw State coast
2

Ierodiaconou, Daniel A., and Laurie J. B. Laurenson. "Estimates of Heterozostera tasmanica, Zostera muelleri and Ruppia megacarpa distribution and biomass in the Hopkins Estuary, western Victoria, by GIS." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 2 (2002): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt00093.

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Knowledge of the spatial arrangement of the seagrass distribution and biomass within the Hopkins Estuary is an essential step towards gaining an understanding of the functioning of the estuarine ecosystem. This study marks the first attempt to map seagrass distribution and model seagrass biomass and epiphyte biomass along depth gradients by the use of global positioning system (GPS) and geographical information system (GIS) technologies in the estuary. For mapping seagrass in small estuaries, ground-surveying the entire system is feasible. Three species of seagrasses, Heterozostera tasmanica (Martens ex Aschers), Zostera muelleri (Irmisch ex Aschers) and Ruppia megacarpa (Mason), were identified in the Hopkins Estuary. All beds investigated contained a mixed species relationship. Three harvest techniques were trialed in a pilot study, with the 25 × 25-cm quadrat statistically most appropriate. Biomass of seagrasses and epiphytes was found to vary significantly with depth, but not between sites. The average estimate of biomass for total seagrasses and their epiphytes in the estuary in January 2000 was 222.7 g m–2 (dry weight). Of the total biomass, 50.6% or 112.7 g m–2 (dry weight) was contributed by seagrasses and 49.4% of the biomass (110.0 g m–2) were epiphytes. Of the 50.6% of the total biomass represented by seagrasses, 39.3% (87.5 g m–2) were leaves and 11.3% (25.2 g m–2) were rhizomes. The total area of seagrasses present in the Hopkins Estuary was estimated to be 0.4 ± 0.005 km2, with the total area of the estuary estimated to be 1.6 ± 0.02 km2 (25% cover). The total standing crop of seagrasses and epiphytes in the Hopkins Estuary in January 2000 was estimated to be 102.3 ± 57 t in dry weight, 56% (56.9 ± 17 t, dry weight) seagrasses and 44% (45.4 ± 19 t, dry weight) epiphytes. Of the seagrass biomass, 39% (39.7 ± 13 t, dry weight) was contributed by leaves and 17% (17.3 ± 7 t, dry weight) by rhizomes.
3

Short, Frederick T., and Sandy Wyllie-Echeverria. "Natural and human-induced disturbance of seagrasses." Environmental Conservation 23, no. 1 (March 1996): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900038212.

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SummaryMany natural and human-induced events create disturbances in seagrasses throughout the world, but quantifying losses of habitat is only beginning. Over the last decade, 90000 ha of seagrass loss have been documented although the actual area lost is certainly greater. Seagrasses, an assemblage of marine flowering plant species, are valuable structural and functional components of coastal ecosystems and are currently experiencing worldwide decline. This group of plants is known to support a complex trophic food web and a detritus-based food chain, as well as to provide sediment and nutrient filtration, sediment stabilization, and breeding and nursery areas for finfish and shellfish.We define disturbance, natural or human-induced, as any event that measurably alters resources available to seagrasses so that a plant response is induced that results in degradation or loss. Applying this definition, we find a common thread in many seemingly unrelated seagrass investigations. We review reports of seagrass loss from both published and ‘grey’ literature and evaluate the types of disturbances that have caused seagrass decline and disappearance. Almost certainly more seagrass has been lost globally than has been documented or even observed, but the lack of comprehensive monitoring and seagrass. mapping makes an assessment of true loss of this resource impossible to determine.Natural disturbances that are most commonly responsible for seagrass loss include hurricanes, earthquakes, disease, and grazing by herbivores. Human activities most affecting seagrasses are those which alter water quality or clarity: nutrient and sediment loading from runoff and sewage disposal, dredging and filling, pollution, upland development, and certain fishing practices. Seagrasses depend on an adequate degree of water clarity to sustain productivity in their submerged environment. Although natural events have been responsible for both large-scale and local losses of seagrass habitat, our evaluation suggests that human population expansion is now the most serious cause of seagrass habitat loss, and specifically that increasing anthropogenic inputs to the coastal oceans are primarily responsible for the world-wide decline in seagrasses.
4

Burkholder, Derek A., Michael R. Heithaus, and James W. Fourqurean. "Feeding preferences of herbivores in a relatively pristine subtropical seagrass ecosystem." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 11 (2012): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12029.

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Understanding forage choice of herbivores is important for predicting the potential impacts of changes in their abundance. Such studies, however, are rare in ecosystems with intact populations of both megagrazers (sirenians, sea turtles) and fish grazers. We used feeding assays and nutrient analyses of seagrasses to determine whether forage choice of grazers in Shark Bay, Australia, are influenced by the quality of seagrasses. We found significant interspecific variation in removal rates of seagrasses across three habitats (shallow seagrass bank interior, shallow seagrass bank edge, deep), but we did not detect variation in gazing intensity among habitats. In general, grazers were more likely to consume fast-growing species with lower carbon : nitrogen (C : N) and carbon : phosphorus (C : P) ratios, than the slower-growing species that are dominant in the bay. Grazer choices were not, however, correlated with nutrient content within the tropical seagrasses. Slow-growing temperate seagrasses that experienced lower herbivory provide greater habitat value as a refuge for fishes and may facilitate fish grazing on tropical species. Further studies are needed, however, to more fully resolve the factors influencing grazer foraging preferences and the possibility that grazers mediate indirect interactions among seagrass species.
5

J. Lee Long, W., R. G. Coles, and L. J. McKenzie. "Issues for seagrass conservation management in Queensland." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000321.

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Coastal, reef-associated and deepwater (> 15 m) seagrass habitats form a large and ecologically important community on the Queensland continental shelf. Broad-scale resource inventories of coastal seagrasses were completed in the 1980s and were used in marine park and fisheries zoning to protect some seagrasses. At least eleven of the fifteen known species in the region reach their latitudinal limits of distribution in Queensland and at least two Halophila species may be endemic to Queensland or northeastern Australia. The importance of seagrasses to Dugongs Dugong dugon, Green Turtles Chelonia mydas and commercially valuable prawn fisheries, will continue to strongly influence directions in seagrass research and conservation management in Queensland. Widespread loss of seagrasses following natural cyclone and flood events in some locations has had serious consequences to regional populations of Dugong. However, the impacts to Queensland fisheries are little studied. Agricultural land use practices may exacerbate the effects of natural catastrophic events, but the long-term impacts of nutrients, pesticides and sediment loads on Queensland seagrasses are also unknown. Most areas studied are nutrient limited and human impacts on seagrasses in Queensland are low to moderate, and could include increases in habitat since modern settlement. Most impacts are in southern, populated localities where shelter and water conditions ideal for productive seagrass habitat are often targets for port development, and are at the downstream end of heavily modified catchments. For Queensland to avoid losses experienced by other states, incremental increases in impacts associated with population and development pressure must be managed. Seagrass areas receive priority consideration in oil spill management within the Great Barrier Reef and coastal ports. Present fisheries legislation for marine plant protection, marine parks and area closures to trawl fishing help protect inshore seagrass prawn nursery and Dugong feeding habitat, but seagrasses in deep water do not yet receive any special zoning protection. Efficacy of the various Local, State and Commonwealth Acts and planning programmes for seagrass conservation is limited by the expanse and remoteness of Queensland's northern coast, but is improving through broad-based education programmes. Institutional support is sought to enable community groups to augment limited research and monitoring programmes with local "habitat watch" programmes. Research is helping to describe the responses of seagrass to natural and human impacts and to determine acceptable levels of changes in seagrass meadows and water quality conditions that may cause those changes. The management of loss and regeneration of sea grass is benefiting from new information collected on life histories and mechanisms of natural recovery in Queensland species. Maintenance of Queensland's seagrasses systems will depend on improved community awareness, regional and long-term planning and active changes in coastal land use to contain overall downstream impacts and stresses.
6

Omollo, Derrick, Virginia Wang’ondu, Michael Githaiga, Daniel Gorman, and James Kairo. "The Contribution of Subtidal Seagrass Meadows to the Total Carbon Stocks of Gazi Bay, Kenya." Diversity 14, no. 8 (August 11, 2022): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14080646.

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Seagrass beds occur globally in both intertidal and subtidal zones within shallow marine environments, such as bays and estuaries. These important ecosystems support fisheries production, attenuate strong wave energies, support human livelihoods and sequester large amounts of CO2 that may help mitigate the effects of climate change. At present, there is increased global interest in understanding how these ecosystems could help alleviate the challenges likely to face humanity and the environment into the future. Unlike other blue carbon ecosystems, i.e., mangroves and saltmarshes, seagrasses are less understood, especially regarding their contribution to the carbon dynamics. This is particularly true in regions with less attention and limited resources. Paucity of information is even more relevant for the subtidal meadows that are less accessible. In Kenya, much of the available information on seagrasses comes from Gazi Bay, where the focus has been on the extensive intertidal meadows. As is the case with other regions, there remains a paucity of information on subtidal meadows. This limits our understanding of the overall contribution of seagrasses in carbon capture and storage. This study provides the first assessment of the species composition and variation in carbon storage capacity of subtidal seagrass meadows within Gazi Bay. Nine seagrass species, comprising of Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, Halophila stipulacea, Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassia hemprichii, and Thalassodendron ciliatum, were found. Organic carbon stocks varied between species and pools, with the mean below ground vegetation carbon (bgc) stocks (5.1 ± 0.7 Mg Cha−1) being more than three times greater than above ground carbon (agc) stocks (0.5 ± 0.1 Mg Cha−1). Mean sediment organic carbon stock (sed Corg) of the subtidal seagrass beds was 113 ± 8 Mg Cha−1. Combining this new knowledge with existing data from the intertidal and mangrove fringed areas, we estimate the total seagrass ecosystem organic carbon stocks in the bay to be 196,721 Mg C, with the intertidal seagrasses storing about 119,790 Mg C (61%), followed by the subtidal seagrasses 55,742 Mg C (28%) and seagrasses in the mangrove fringed creeks storing 21,189 Mg C (11%). These findings are important in highlighting the need to protect subtidal seagrass meadows and for building a national and global data base on seagrass contribution to global carbon dynamics.
7

Pollard, PC, and M. Greenway. "Photosynthetic characteristics of seagrasses (Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii and Zostera capricornia) in a low-light environment, with a comparison of leaf-marking and lacunal-gas measurements of productivity." Marine and Freshwater Research 44, no. 1 (1993): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930127.

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We describe the photosynthetic characteristics of three seagrasses and the relationship between their production and natural light intensities (photosynthesis-irradiance response, i.e. PI curves). Seagrass production (gross production minus shoot respiration) was measured in the field by the rate of gas release from the lacuna1 space of whole seagrass shoots and compared with net leaf production. Field work was carried out on the seagrasses Cymodocea serrulata (R. Br.) Aschers, and Magnus, Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers., and Zostera capricornia Aschers. in the turbid, warm waters of Cairns Harbour, Queensland, Australia. The photosynthetic efficiencies (the initial slope of the PI curves) of all of the seagrass species were 10 times greater than any previously measured for the same species in higher-light environments. The high compensating light intensities (80-92 �E m-2 s-1) showed that the plants have high respiration rates that were probably due to the high water temperatures (29-33�C) of the harbour. The seagrasses responded to small increases of light at low light intensities by rapidly reaching saturating light intensities, and the maximum rates of production were between 0.4 and 0.6 mg C h-1 shoot-1. The average period of exposure to saturating light intensity was 2 h day-1. One-quarter of the gross production was lost to plant respiration. The net productivity and respiration of all three seagrasses was calculated from this photoperiod. Net leaf production in situ compared well with the seagrass production estimates that were measured with the lacunal-gas technique. Most of the production appeared to be allocated to the above-ground tissue, a feature consistent with seagrasses growing in low-light and terrigenous sediments.
8

Lavery, Paul. "Marine Management: Marine Conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 4 (1999): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc00240a.

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The research papers in this volume highlight some of the major issues in marine conservation and offer some exciting insights into future directions for research and management. It is particularly pleasing that the issue focuses on seagrasses, a component of marine biodiversity that is well recognized and with profound ecological significance, but has suffered widespread decline in its distribution over the past half century. The absence of any accurate inventory of seagrass resources makes it difficult to accurately assess the cumulative impact of human activity on them. However, the need to conserve seagrasses is well recognized and it is exciting to see the significant advances being made in bringing conservation biology techniques to seagrass research. The work of Waycott and Kenworthy (this issue) is clearly showing dramatic differences in the life-history strategies, genetic diversity and population structure of different seagrasses. It suggests that seagrasses are far from the homogenous organism that they seem to have been viewed as up until now. This also supports findings elsewhere which suggest that many of the classic paradigms regarding seagrass biology and ecology are based on inappropriate generalizations from a few species. For example, the work of Paling and others (in this issue) challenges the generally held view that we are unlikely to be able to transplant temperate species of seagrass back into disturbed areas.
9

Hwang, Charnsmorn, Chih-Hua Chang, Michael Burch, Milena Fernandes, and Tim Kildea. "Effects of Epiphytes and Depth on Seagrass Spectral Profiles: Case Study of Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (July 29, 2019): 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152701.

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Seagrasses are a crucial indicator species of coastal marine ecosystems that provide substratum, shelter, and food for epiphytic algae, invertebrates, and fishes. More accurate mapping of seagrasses is essential for their survival as a long-lasting natural resource. Before reflectance spectra could properly be used as remote sensing endmembers, factors that may obscure the detection of reflectance signals must be assessed. The objectives in this study are to determine the influence of (1) epiphytes, (2) water depth, and (3) seagrass genus on the detection of reflectance spectral signals. The results show that epiphytes significantly dampen bottom-type reflectance throughout most of the visible light spectrum, excluding 670–679 nm; the depth does influence reflectance, with the detection of deeper seagrasses being easier, and as the depth increases, only Heterozostera increase in the exact “red edge” wavelength at which there is a rapid change in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. These findings helped improve the detection of seagrass endmembers during remote sensing, thereby helping protect the natural resource of seagrasses.
10

Fraser, Matthew W., Gary A. Kendrick, Pauline F. Grierson, James W. Fourqurean, Mathew A. Vanderklift, and Diana I. Walker. "Nutrient status of seagrasses cannot be inferred from system-scale distribution of phosphorus in Shark Bay, Western Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 11 (2012): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12026.

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Differences in phosphorus (P) availability can influence the ecology and physiology of seagrass communities; and are usually inferred from changes in the relative P content in seagrass leaves. Shark Bay is a subtropical marine embayment, with decreasing P concentrations in the water column and sediments from north to south across the entire embayment. We examined the P and nitrogen (N) content of seagrass leaves and P content of sediments across the Faure Sill and Wooramel delta region of Shark Bay, to determine whether the leaf content of seagrasses in Shark Bay also decreased from north to south over smaller spatial scales. Nutrient content of Amphibolis antarctica and Halodule uninervis were highly variable and were not strongly correlated with sediment P concentrations. Mean N : P ratios of seagrasses (<33.5) were not indicative of P limitation, as has been previously assumed for Shark Bay. We conclude that availability of P for uptake by seagrasses across Shark Bay may be highly localised and cannot be predicted from system-scale gradients (>100 km) of sedimentary P distributions. We suggest that P availability to seagrasses is more likely a complex function of differing nutrient inputs, rates of delivery to the plants and cycling rates.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seagrasses":

1

Mvungi, Esther Francis. "Seagrasses and Eutrophication : Interactions between seagrass photosynthesis, epiphytes, macroalgae and mussels." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Botaniska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55808.

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Seagrass meadows are highly productive, ecologically and economically valuable ecosystems. However, increased human activities along the coastal areas leading to processes such as eutrophication have resulted in the rapid loss and deterioration of seagrass ecosystems worldwide. This thesis focuses on the responses of seagrasses to increases in nutrients, subsequent increases in ephemeral algae, and changes in the physical-chemical properties of seawater induced by interaction with other marine biota. Both in situ and laboratory experiments conducted on the tropical seagrasses Cymodocea serrulata and Thalassia hemprichii revealed that increased concentrations of water column nutrients negatively affected seagrass photosynthesis by stimulating the growth of the epiphytic biomass on the seagrass leaves. Interaction between seagrasses and other marine organisms induced different responses in seagrass photosynthesis. Ulva intestinalis negatively affected the photosynthetic performance of the temperate seagrass Zostera marina both by reducing the light and by increasing the pH of the surrounding water. On the other hand, the coexistence of mussels Pinna muricata and seagrass Thalassia hemprichii enhanced the photosynthetic activity of the seagrass, but no effect on the mussels' calcification was recorded. This study demonstrates that seagrass productivity is affected by a multitude of indirect effects induced by nutrient over-enrichment, which act singly or in concert with each other. Understanding the responsive mechanisms involved is imperative to safeguard the ecosystem by providing knowledge and proposing measures to halt nutrient loading and to predict the future performance of seagrasses in response to increasing natural and human perturbations.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Papers 1, 3 and 4: Submitted. Paper 2: Manuscript.
Swedish Agency for Research Cooperation (Sida/SAREC) marine bilateral programme
2

Horn, Lotte E. "The measurement of seagrass photosynthesis using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry and its practical applications, specifically in regard to transplantation /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20061123.150231.

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Uku, Jacqueline. "Seagrasses and their epiphytes : Characterization of abundance and productivity in tropical seagrass beds." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Botany, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-527.

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Seagrass beds cover large intertidal and subtidal areas in coastal zones around the world and they are subjected to a wide variety of anthropogenic influences, such as nutrient enrichment due to sewage seepage. This study was undertaken to address specific questions focusing on whether near shore tropical seagrasses that receive a constant influx of groundwater nutrient inputs, would exhibit a higher productivity and to what extent epiphytic algae reflect the impacts of nutrient inputs. An additional aspect of study was to determine the prevalence of “acid zones” in tropical seagrasses. The productivity of the seagrasses Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii and Thalassodendron ciliatum was compared in two sites along the Kenyan coast; Nyali (a high nutrient site) and Vipingo (a low nutrient site). Of the three seagrasses T. hemprichii showed the most distinct differences with higher growth and biomass in the nutrient rich site whereas the growth of C. rotundata was similar in the two sites. A high epiphytic cover was found on the shoots of T. ciliatum found in the high nutrient site Nyali.

Morphological and genetic characterization of bacterial and cyanobacterial epiphytes showed specific associations of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria on the seagrass C. rotundata in the low nutrient site (Vipingo). At this site, shoots of C. rotundata had a higher C:N ratio compared to shoots in the high nutrient site (Nyali) indicating that the association with nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria is a strategy, for this species, to meet its nutrient needs. Bacterial epiphytes belonging to the group Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides (CFB) were found on T. ciliatum and T. hemprichii from the two sites. CFB bacteria are characteristic of waste water, particularly from livestock farming areas, thereby confirming seepage of groundwater from surrounding catchment areas. These prokaryotic associations were specific for the different seagrasses and it appears that the establishment of epiphytic associations may not be a random encounter but a specific association that meets specific needs.

The seagrass T. ciliatum in the high nutrient site had an abundance of macroalgal epiphytes and the impact of the epiphytic coverage was assessed using Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorometry. The photosynthetic activity of seagrass parts that were covered by epiphytes was suppressed but the productivity of the whole shoot was not significantly reduced. In the nutrient rich site, epiphytes were found to contribute up to 45% of the total estimated gross productivity, during the SE monsoon season, while epiphytic contribution in the nutrient poor site, was 8%. Epiphytic abundance and contribution to productivity decreased during the NE monsoon. The photosynthetic activity of T. ciliatum shoots was similar in the two study sites with shoots in the nutrient rich site growing faster. T. ciliatum, in the low nutrient site, invested in the development of below ground root tissue which may indicate the development of a strategy to gain access to pore water nutrient pools.

Carbon uptake strategies of eight tropical seagrasses were re-evaluated to determine how common the “acid zone” mechanism is among tropical seagrasses. Six of the eight species studied showed photosynthetic inorganic carbon (Ci) acquisition based on carbonic anhydrase catalysed HCO3- to CO2 conversions within an acidified diffusion boundary layer (“acid zone”). Cymodocea serrulata appeared to maintain its carbon uptake by extracellular carbonic anhydrase catalysed CO2 formation from HCO3- without the need for acidic zones, whereas, Halophila ovalis appeared to have a system in which H+ extrusion may be followed by HCO3--H+ co-transport into the cells. These findings indicate that competition for carbon, between the host seagrass species and epiphytes, could determine seagrass-epiphyte associations.

4

Uku, Jacqueline Nduku. "Seagrasses and their epiphytes : characterization of abundance and productivity in tropical seagrass beds /." Stockholm : Dept. of Botany, Stockholm university, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-527.

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Arpayoglou, Irene. "Cultivation of Wrack Collected Seagrasses." NSUWorks, 2004. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/285.

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McMahon, Kathryn. "Recovery of subtropical seagrasses from natural disturbances /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19102.pdf.

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Tadkaew, Nichanan. "Monitoring of seagrasses in Lake Illawarra, NSW." Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070821.142240/index.html.

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Paxson, Jill C. "Branching frequency of Thalassia testudinum (Banks ex König) as an ecological indicator in Florida Bay /." Electronic version (PDF), 2003. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2003/paxsonj/jillpaxson.pdf.

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Hernán, Martínez Gema. "Defense strategies against herbivory in seagrasses." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565412.

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[cat] [cat]Introducció L’ herbivorisme és un procés ecològic clau que regula la composició i l’estructura de les comunitats de plantes i determina la transferència d'energia de productors primaris a la resta de la cadena tròfica. Les plantes han desenvolupat diversos mecanismes de defensa per evitar o resistir l’herbivorisme. Entre ells destaquen les estratègies tolerància, que disminueixen l'efecte de l’herbivorisme en la vitalitat de la planta (ex. acumulació de reserves en teixits subterranis) i les estratègies de resistència, l’objectiu de les quals evitar el consum (ex. augment del contingut en fibra). Aquestes estratègies es basen en característiques morfològiques (ex. duresa) i químiques (ex. defenses químiques) de les plantes i poden expressar-se de forma contínua (constitutives) o en resposta al dany per herbívors (induïdes). L’herbivorisme en el medi marí pot ser major que en sistemes terrestres i pot tenir conseqüències especialment importants quan afecta a espècies formadores d’habitat Les fanerògames marines són espècies fundadores dominants en zones costaneres i que ens proporcionen múltiples i importants serveis ecosistèmics. Com a conseqüència de la seva rellevància ecològica i socioeconòmica, aprofundir en el coneixement de les interaccions planta-herbívor en aquests ecosistemes és crucial, ja que existeixen cada vegada més exemples que indiquen que canvis en les poblacions d'herbívors han suposat importants pertorbacions en aquests ecosistemes. El propòsit principal d'aquesta tesi és entendre com canvis en factors ambientals determinen la variació de les estratègies de defensa i la palatabilitat de la planta, i per tant el comportament dels herbívors. Contingut de la investigació La disponibilitat de nutrients destaca pels seus efectes sobre les característiques químiques i morfològiques de les plantes ja que augmenta el valor nutritiu i disminueix el contingut en fibres de les fulles tant en experiments de fertilització com en regions amb major disponibilitat de nutrients, la qual cosa les pot fer més vulnerables al consum per herbívors. La simulació del dany per herbívors afecta a les estratègies de defensa de les plantes de forma diferent en les dues espècies estudiades. Mentre que en Posidonia oceanica s'indueix la producció de compostos de resistència, en Zostera marina no hi ha inducció, disminuint a més la seva resistència i tolerància. Això es tradueix en què els herbívors prefereixen les fulles més nutritives repetidament retallades de Z. marina i les fulles sense retallar amb menys fibres i més nutrients de P. oceanica. Els canvis ambientals relacionats amb el canvi global analitzats en aquesta tesi (augment del CO2 i de la temperatura), tenen importants efectes en les plàntules de P. oceanica. L'augment del CO2 dissolt augmenta l'activitat fotosintètica de la planta i amb això les reserves de carbohidrats de les llavors. Tot i que l'augment de CO2 disminueix la qualitat nutricional de les fulles, van ser aquestes les preferides pels herbívors, possiblement a causa de l'augment de sacarosa o per altres característiques no analitzades en les plàntules. Contràriament als efectes observats amb l'augment de CO2, l'increment de la temperatura produeix efectes clarament negatius; augmentant la mortalitat, la respiració i l’ús de les reserves de la llavor en aquestes plàntules. A més disminueix el contingut en fibres de les fulles, reduint -se la resistència enfront de l’herbivorisme i augmentant per tant la preferència per herbívors. Aquests resultats mostren els potencials efectes additius que l’herbivorisme pot suposar en els impactes dels canvis ambientals en les poblacions de plantes marines. Conclusió La recerca presentada en aquesta tesi contribueix a entendre els mecanismes que influeixen en els canvis de les estratègies de defensa enfront de l’herbivorisme. Principalment, en com aquests mecanismes canvien sota diferents condicions ambientals i com els canvis en les característiques associades a resistència enfront d'herbívors determinen la vulnerabilitat de la planta enfront de l’herbivorisme. A més, destaca la importància d'avaluar els efectes dels canvis ambientals sobre les interaccions entre espècies.
[spa]Introducción: El herbivorismo es un proceso ecológico clave que regula la composición y estructura de las comunidades de plantas y determina la transferencia de energía de productores primarios al resto de la cadena trófica. Las plantas han desarrollado diversos mecanismos de defensa para evitar o resistir el herbivorismo. Entre ellos están las estrategias tolerancia, que disminuyen el efecto del herbivorismo en la vitalidad de la planta (ej. acumulación de reservas en tejidos subterráneos) y las estrategias de resistencia cuyo objetivo es evitar el consumo (ej. aumento del contenido en fibra). Estas estrategias se basan en características morfológicas (ej. dureza) y químicas de las plantas (ej. defensas químicas) y pueden expresarse de forma continua (constitutivas) o en respuesta al daño por herbívoros (inducidas). El herbivorismo en el medio marino puede ser mayor que en sistemas terrestres y puede tener importantes consecuenc ias cuando afecta a especies formadoras de hábitat Las fanerógamas marinas son especies fundadoras dominantes en zonas someras costeras que nos proporcionan múltiples e importantes servicios. Debido a su relevancia ecológica y socioeconómica, profundizar en el conocimiento de las interacciones planta-herbívoro en estos ecosistemas es crucial pues existen cada vez más ejemplos que indican que cambios en las poblaciones de herbívoros han supuesto importantes perturbaciones en dichos ecosistemas. El propósito principal de esta tesis es entender cómo cambios en factores ambientales determinan la variación de las estrategias de defensa y palatabilidad de la planta, y por tanto el comportamiento de los herbívoros. Contenido La disponibilidad de nutrientes destaca por sus efectos sobre las características químicas y morfológicas de las plantas ya que aumenta el valor nutritivo y disminuye el contenido en fibras de las hojas tanto en experimentos de fertilización como en regiones con mayor disponibilidad de nutrientes, lo cual las puede hacer más vulnerables al consumo por herbívoros. La simulación del daño por herbívoros afecta a las estrategias de defensa de las plantas de forma diferente en las dos especies estudiadas. Mientras que en Posidonia oceanica se induce la producción de compuestos de resistencia, en Zostera marina no hay inducción disminuyendo además su resistencia y tolerancia. Esto se traduce en que los herbívoros prefieren las hojas más nutritivas repetidamente recortadas de Z. marina y las hojas sin recortar con menos fibras y más nutrientes de P. oceanica. Los cambios ambientales relacionados con el cambio global analizados en esta tesis (aumento del CO2 y de la temperatura), tienen importantes efectos en las plántulas de P. oceanica. El aumento del CO2 disuelto aumenta la actividad fotosintética de la planta y con esto las reservas de carbohidratos de las semillas. A pesar de que el aumento de CO2 disminuye la calidad nutricional de las hojas, éstas fueron las preferidas por los herbívoros, posiblemente debido al aumento de sacarosa o por otras características no analizadas en las plántulas. Al contrario que el aumento de CO2, el incremento de la temperatura produce efectos claramente negativos aumentando la mortalidad, la respiración y uso de las reservas de la semilla en estas plántulas. Además, disminuye el contenido en fibras de las hojas reduciéndose la resistencia frente al herbivorismo y aumentando por tanto la preferencia por herbívoros. Estos resultados muestran los potenciales efectos aditivos que el herbivorismo puede suponer en los impactos de los cambios ambientales en las poblaciones de plantas marinas. Conclusión La investigación presentada en esta tesis contribuye a entender los mecanismos que influyen en los cambios de las estrategias de defensa frente al herbivorismo. Principalmente, en cómo estos mecanismos cambian bajo diferentes condiciones ambientales y como los cambios en las características asociadas a resistencia frente a herbívoros determinan la vulnerabilidad de la planta frente al herbivorismo. Además, destaca la importancia de evaluar los efectos de los cambios ambientales sobre las interacciones entre especies.
[eng]Introduction Herbivory is a key ecological process that regulates the composition and structure of plant communities and determines the energy transferred from primary producers to upper trophic levels. Plants have evolved a suite of defense strategies to avoid or resist herbivory. Tolerance strategies reduce the impact of herbivory in plant fitness (e.g., increased belowground reserves), and resistance strategies reduce preference or performance of the herbivore (e.g., low nutritional quality, high fiber content). These strategies are based on morphological (e.g., toughness) and chemical traits (e.g., phenolic compounds) and can be expressed regardless of the risk of herbivory (constitutively) or in response to herbivore damage (induced). In addition, defense strategies may shift under different environmental scenarios (e.g. higher resource availability often drives a lower investment in resistance). Herbivory in marine systems can be greater than in terrestrial ecosystems, and it can have particularly important consequences when it is exerted upon habitat-forming plants. Seagrasses are key foundation species dominating shallow coastal areas and providing numerous and critical ecosystem services to humans. Given their ecological and socioeconomic relevance, understanding plant-herbivore interactions in these systems is crucial since changes in herbivore populations can result in important disturbances in these ecosystems. The main purpose of this thesis is to understand the effect of changes in environmental factors in plant defense strategies against herbivory and how these changes affect the palatability of the plant, and thus herbivore behavior. Content Nutrient availability stands out for its effects on chemical and morphological plant defense traits. Plants under high nutrient environments in fertilization experiments and regions of higher nutrient availability (i.e. latitudinal comparison) exhibited higher nutritional quality and lower fiber content, both of which can increase their vulnerability to consumption. Interestingly, effects of nutrients on secondary compounds were absent or inconsistent. Simulated herbivory had clear effects on both morphological and chemical plant defense traits, however the two species studied differed in their responses. While in Posidonia oceanica, herbivory induced the production of resistance traits (e.g. fiber, secondary metabolites), in Zostera marina there was no induction of resistance traits, and on the contrary, simulated herbivory reduced their tolerance and resistance. As a result of the changes in traits exhibited by the plants, herbivores preferred the more nutritious repeatedly clipped leaves of Z. marina and the less chemically defended and more nutritious unclipped leaves of P. oceanica. The environmental changes related to global climate change that I analyzed in this thesis (i.e. increased CO2 and temperature), had important effects on defense strategies and susceptibility to grazers of P. oceanica seedlings. The increased pCO2 of seawater enhanced plant photosynthetic activity, leading to higher carbohydrate reserves in the seeds, which are the main storage tissue of the seedling. Although the increase in CO2 decreased leaf nutritional quality (i.e. leaf nitrogen), plants growing under high CO2 were preferred by the herbivores, possibly due to their increase in sucrose content or perhaps other chemical or structural characteristics that were not analyzed. In contrast to CO2, the increase in temperature produced clear negative effects on seedlings; increasing mortality and respiration resulting in greater use of seed reserves. Furthermore, warming reduced leaf fiber, which increased herbivore preference for warmed plants, and thus resulted in a decreased resistance to herbivory. These results illustrate the potential additive or counteractive effects that herbivory could have on determining the effects of environmental changes in seagrass ecosystems. Conclusion The research presented in this thesis contributes to identify the mechanisms that drive the changes in defense strategies against herbivory due to changes in environmental factors. Particularly, how these mechanisms change under different environmental conditions and how changes in traits associated with resistance to herbivores determine the vulnerability of plants to herbivory, highlighting the importance of assessing the effects of environmental factors on species interactions.
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Kahn, Amanda E. "Physiological ecology of the seagrass Halophila Johnosnii Eiseman in marine and riverine influenced environments." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3/r1/kahna/amandakahn.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Seagrasses":

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Phillips, Ronald C. Seagrasses. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1988.

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Larkum, Anthony W. D., Gary A. Kendrick, and Peter J. Ralph, eds. Seagrasses of Australia. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0.

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Miththapala, Sriyanie. Seagrasses and sand dunes. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group Asia, IUCN, 2008.

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1965-, Green Edmund P., and Short Frederick T, eds. World atlas of seagrasses. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.

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Miththapala, Sriyanie. Seagrasses and sand dunes. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group Asia, IUCN, 2008.

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Green, Edmund P. World atlas of seagrasses. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2004.

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K, Ramamurthy, and Botanical Survey of India, eds. Seagrasses of coromandel coast India. Coimbatore: Botanical Survey of India, 1992.

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Phang, Siew Moi. Seagrasses of Malaysia: Phang Siew-Moi. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 2000.

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Xiaoping, Huang, and Huang Liangmin, eds. Zhongguo Nanhai hai cao yan jiu =: ZhongguoNanhai haicaoyanjiu. 8th ed. Guangzhou Shi: Guangdong jing ji chu ban she, 2007.

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Xiaoping, Huang, and Huang Liangmin, eds. Zhongguo Nanhai hai cao yan jiu =: ZhongguoNanhai haicaoyanjiu. 8th ed. Guangzhou Shi: Guangdong jing ji chu ban she, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Seagrasses":

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Short, F. T., C. A. Short, and A. B. Novak. "Seagrasses." In The Wetland Book, 1–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6173-5_262-1.

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Short, Frederick T., Cathy A. Short, and Alyssa B. Novak. "Seagrasses." In The Wetland Book, 73–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_262.

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Merlin, Mark D. "Seagrasses." In Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs, 973–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_146.

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Cortés, Jorge, and Eva Salas. "Seagrasses." In Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America, 119–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8278-8_6.

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Pérez-Lloréns, J. Lucas, Juan J. Vergara, Irene Olivé, Jesús M. Mercado, Rafael Conde-Álvarez, Ángel Pérez-Ruzafa, and Félix L. Figueroa. "Autochthonous Seagrasses." In The Mediterranean Sea, 137–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6704-1_9.

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Cunha-Lignon, Marília, Jocemar Tomasino Mendonça, Luis Americo Conti, Kcrishna Vilanova de Souza Barros, and Karine Matos Magalhães. "Mangroves and Seagrasses." In Blue Economy, 55–85. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5065-0_3.

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Larkum, Anthony W. D., Michelle Waycott, and John G. Conran. "Evolution and Biogeography of Seagrasses." In Seagrasses of Australia, 3–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0_1.

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O’Brien, Katherine R., Matthew P. Adams, Angus J. P. Ferguson, Jimena Samper-Villarreal, Paul S. Maxwell, Mark E. Baird, and Catherine Collier. "Seagrass Resistance to Light Deprivation: Implications for Resilience." In Seagrasses of Australia, 287–311. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0_10.

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Larkum, Anthony W. D., Mathieu Pernice, Martin Schliep, Peter Davey, Milan Szabo, John A. Raven, Mads Lichtenberg, Kasper Elgetti Brodersen, and Peter J. Ralph. "Photosynthesis and Metabolism of Seagrasses." In Seagrasses of Australia, 315–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0_11.

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Seymour, J. R., B. Laverock, D. A. Nielsen, S. M. Trevathan-Tackett, and P. I. Macreadie. "The Microbiology of Seagrasses." In Seagrasses of Australia, 343–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71354-0_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Seagrasses":

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Tongnunui, Prasert, Prasert Tongnunui, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Parichat Hukiew, Parichat Hukiew, Patcharee Kaeoprakan, et al. "SEAGRASS RESTORATION: AN UPDATE FROM TRANG PROVINCE, SOUTHWESTERN THAILAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9447ad58f1.23030316.

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Natural disasters may adversely affect coastal resources potentially leading to coastal habitat restorations that incorporate stakeholders and the general public. Appropriate methodologies for habitat restoration are developed to ensure the outcomes of this project. Currently, seagrass bed restoration by means of asexual and sexual propagation techniques have been used worldwide. However, the experience of seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) habitat restoration in Trang Province noted that to accomplish this project’s strategies involved the application of restoration techniques along with public and stakeholder participation. The application of asexual propagation, specifically the collection of single shoots from donor seagrasses and subsequent transplantation, is a convenient tool. However, from this project results, this process still has conceptual problems as from the large numbers of single shoots collected from donor seagrasses, the survival rate was relatively low. Furthermore, this process was complicated by conflicting interests between local communities near to the donor site and the project’s organizers. In order to reduce said conflicts, other techniques to balance stakeholder interests were instigated by this project, namely the development of both asexual and sexual propagation techniques. This project initiated a sexual propagation technique by the collection of wild seeds of Enhalus acoroides that were subsequently grown in the laboratory before natural habitat transplantation. This project results showed that seeds can be grown rapidly and can be cultured in large numbers. However, this development technique has a limit on rearing time because seedlings were found to be in decline after the third month of the experiment. These problems were compounded by a limiting factor that pushed the project’s organizers to decide to transplant seagrasses from the laboratory to the wild whether a time was seasonally suitable or unsuitable, the planting activity still done forward. This matter may have enhanced the low survival rate situation after seagrass transplantation to the wild. If there is a need to recover a seagrass bed, the above culture and transplantation methodologies should be used in conjunction with repeated periodic plantings until natural ecological function has been restored. In conclusion, further research should be instigated to improve the cultivation method for producing ready to plant seedlings and to improve methods of project operation.
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Tongnunui, Prasert, Prasert Tongnunui, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Woraporn Tarangkoon, Parichat Hukiew, Parichat Hukiew, Patcharee Kaeoprakan, et al. "SEAGRASS RESTORATION: AN UPDATE FROM TRANG PROVINCE, SOUTHWESTERN THAILAND." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431687e149.

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Natural disasters may adversely affect coastal resources potentially leading to coastal habitat restorations that incorporate stakeholders and the general public. Appropriate methodologies for habitat restoration are developed to ensure the outcomes of this project. Currently, seagrass bed restoration by means of asexual and sexual propagation techniques have been used worldwide. However, the experience of seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) habitat restoration in Trang Province noted that to accomplish this project’s strategies involved the application of restoration techniques along with public and stakeholder participation. The application of asexual propagation, specifically the collection of single shoots from donor seagrasses and subsequent transplantation, is a convenient tool. However, from this project results, this process still has conceptual problems as from the large numbers of single shoots collected from donor seagrasses, the survival rate was relatively low. Furthermore, this process was complicated by conflicting interests between local communities near to the donor site and the project’s organizers. In order to reduce said conflicts, other techniques to balance stakeholder interests were instigated by this project, namely the development of both asexual and sexual propagation techniques. This project initiated a sexual propagation technique by the collection of wild seeds of Enhalus acoroides that were subsequently grown in the laboratory before natural habitat transplantation. This project results showed that seeds can be grown rapidly and can be cultured in large numbers. However, this development technique has a limit on rearing time because seedlings were found to be in decline after the third month of the experiment. These problems were compounded by a limiting factor that pushed the project’s organizers to decide to transplant seagrasses from the laboratory to the wild whether a time was seasonally suitable or unsuitable, the planting activity still done forward. This matter may have enhanced the low survival rate situation after seagrass transplantation to the wild. If there is a need to recover a seagrass bed, the above culture and transplantation methodologies should be used in conjunction with repeated periodic plantings until natural ecological function has been restored. In conclusion, further research should be instigated to improve the cultivation method for producing ready to plant seedlings and to improve methods of project operation.
3

Abdelbary, Ekhlas M. M., and Aisha AlAshwal. "A comparative study of Seagrasses Species in Regional Seas and QMZ." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0039.

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Seagrasses are flowering monocot green plants that have adapted to marine life, and remain completely immersed in seawater and are primary producers of food for numerous marine animals. Seagrasses are of worldwide distribution and it was earlier estimated that there are approximately 60-72 known species of seagrasses. It is now evident that the number of seagrasses species is almost 200, comprising 25 genera and 5 families, namely Cymodoceaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae and Ruppiaceae, covering a global area of 300,000-600,000 km2. It is also estimated that they have declined in area by 29%. The Western Indo-Pacific realm encompasses 13 species in two families; the Cymodoceacae with 4 genera and the Hydrocharitaceae with 3 genera. Twelve species extend into the Red Sea, 4 occur in the Arabian/Persian Gulf and 4 in the Arabian Sea. The total area of Qatar marine zone (EEZ) is approximately 35,000km2 and three species of seagrasses are known to occur in this zone. These are Halophila stipulacea, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninervisis, the most common one. It is established that seagrasses consolidate and stabilize bottom sediments, create and maintain good water quality (clarity), produce oxygen, provide food, nursery ground for many animals and have been proven to be very important in GHG emissions.
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Povidisa, Katrina, and Marianne Holmer. "Iron plaque formation on seagrasses: Why not?" In 2008 IEEE/OES US/EU-Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/baltic.2008.4625509.

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Rahmawati, Susi, Udhi Eko Hernawan, and Agustin Rustam. "The seagrass carbon content of 0.336 of dry weight can be applied in Indonesian seagrasses." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGY AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICOBAS). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5115616.

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Mushtaha, Mohanad, Yousef Ashraf Nasr, and Abdullrahman Al-Muftah. "Diatoms & Dinoflagellates Associated with Seagrasses, Algae and Mangrove." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.eesp2462.

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Juan-Vicedo, Jorge, and Alice Carrara. "Current conservation status of autochthonous seagrasses in the Mediterranean Sea: a systematic review." In MOL2NET'22, Conference on Molecular, Biomedical & Computational Sciences and Engineering, 8th ed. - MOL2NET: FROM MOLECULES TO NETWORKS. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-08-12744.

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ANSTEE, JANET M., ARNOLD G. DEKKER, and VITTORIO E. BRANDO. "RETROSPECTIVE CHANGE DETECTION IN A SHALLOW COASTAL TIDAL LAKE: MAPPING SEAGRASSES IN WALLIS LAKE, AUSTRALIA." In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on the Multitemp 2003. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702630_0031.

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Estes, Maurice G., Mohammad Al-Hamdan, Ron Thom, Dale Quattrochi, Dana Woodruff, Chaeli Judd, Jean Ellis, Brian Watson, Hugo Rodriguez, and Hoyt Johnson. "Watershed and hydrodynamic modeling for evaluating the impact of land use change on submerged aquatic vegetation and seagrasses in Mobile Bay." In OCEANS 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/oceans.2009.5422399.

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Al-qahtani, Noora Saad, and Talaat Ahmed. "Effect of Seagrass Liquid Extracts on Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Under Salt stress Conditions." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0104.

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Salinity is considered as major environmental challenge that affects crop growth and productivity. This study investigated the application of Haodule univervis seagrass liquid extract on bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under salt stress conditions. The salinity treatments were applied by irrigating bell pepper plants with 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM/l of NaCl with four replications. The bell pepper plants were divided into two groups: one group was sprayed with seagrass extract, and the other group was sprayed with distilled water. The salt treatment was applied at every 10 days interval for only three treatments, and the bell pepper leaves were sprayed about seven days after the salt treatment. The results showed an increase in relative water content (RWC) of salt stressed bell pepper plants sprayed with seagrass extract from 0- 100 mM of NaCl treatment, while RWC decreased at 150 and 200 mM NaCl treatments compared to the control. This indicates stressed bell pepper plants sprayed with seagrass extract had higher RWC than plants sprayed with water at 0-100 mM NaCl treatments. Chlorophyll concentration was decreased dramatically in plants sprayed with water at 50mM of NaCl level. However, chlorophyll concentration increased slightly in plants sprayed with water at 100 mM NaCl level then start declined gradually at 150 mM and 200mM NaCl level. The plants sprayed with seagrass extract showed an increase in chlorophyll concentration at 100 and 150 mM NaCl treatment compared to the control. Fresh weights of plants sprayed with seagrass extract were declined at 50-150 mM NaCl compared to the control. However, the highest dry weights of plants sprayed with seagrass at 100 mM NaCl treatment. In addition, plants sprayed with water did not show variations in fresh and dry weights.

Reports on the topic "Seagrasses":

1

Kyla Richards, Kyla Richards. Could Hawaii seagrasses be facing extinction? Experiment, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/26159.

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2

INTERIM BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM FORT LEWIS WA. Evaluation of the Use of Grid Platforms to Minimize Shading Impacts to Seagrasses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada394903.

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3

Decho, Alan W. CoBOP: Microbial Biofilms: A Parameter Altering the Apparent Optical Properties of Sediments, Seagrasses and Surfaces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628298.

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4

Decho, Alan W. COBOP: Microbial Biofilms: A Parameter Altering the Apparent Optical Properties of Sediments, Seagrasses and Surfaces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630366.

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5

Zimmerman, Richard C. Radiative Transfer in Seagrass Canopies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629371.

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Zimmerman, Richard C. Radiative Transfer in Seagrass Canopies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada630542.

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7

Koch, Evamaria W., Larry P. Sanford, Shih-Nan Chen, Deborah J. Shafer, and Jane M. Smith. Waves in Seagrass Systems: Review and Technical Recommendations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458760.

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8

Davis, Andy, Michael Feeley, Mario Londoño, Lee Richter, Judd Patterson, and Andrea Atkinson. South Florida/Caribbean Network seagrass community monitoring: Protocol narrative—version 1.1. National Park Service, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2293388.

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Eisemann, Eve, Safra Altman, Damarys Acevedo-Mackey, and Molly Reif. Relating seagrass habitat to geomorphology and substrate characteristics around Ship Island, MS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/33023.

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10

Harrison, P. G., and M. Dunn. Fraser River delta seagrass ecosystems, their distributions and importance to migratory birds. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/215808.

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