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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Seabed politics

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Academic literature on the topic 'Seabed politics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Seabed politics"

1

Riddell-Dixon, Elizabeth. "Deep Seabed Mining: A Hotbed for Governmental Politics?" International Journal 41, no. 1 (1985): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40202351.

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Riddell-Dixon, Elizabeth. "Deep Seabed Mining: A Hotbed for Governmental Politics?" International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 41, no. 1 (March 1986): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070208604100104.

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Menon, Gayatri A. "Teaching extraction and its discontents." Commodity Frontiers, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/cf.2020a17965.

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Anna Zalik, Associate Professor at York University’s Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change, teaches a course called Extraction and its Discontents: A Social History and Political Economy. The course builds on and extends her work on the politics of industrial extraction in Nigeria, Mexico and Canada, her more recent research on seabed mining, and her writing and reflections on the politics of fieldwork on natural resource extraction. What follows is a lightly edited transcript of an interview she had with Gayatri Menon, editor of the Teaching Commodity Frontiers section, in August 2020.

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Mulholland, Malcolm. "Seabed and Foreshore: How Politics Impacts Upon the Sustainability of a Resource." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 1, no. 5 (2006): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v01i05/54210.

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Schmidt, Oscar, and Manuel Rivera. "No people, no problem – narrativity, conflict, and justice in debates on deep-seabed mining." Geographica Helvetica 75, no. 2 (June 16, 2020): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-139-2020.

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Abstract. While the idea of extracting deep-seabed resources dates back to as early as the 1960s, it remained pure fiction for decades due to limited technical possibilities and prohibitive costs. In recent years, against the backdrop of changing technical possibilities and a persistently high demand for raw materials, deep-seabed mining (DSM) has returned to the international political agenda. While numerous fact-finding missions engage in mapping the ocean's resources and public–private partnerships prepare to make an active engagement in mining the seabed, the International Seabed Authority (ISA) is entrusted with the development of a legal framework for possible future mining in accordance with the requirements defined under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The preparations for DSM are accompanied and ultimately shaped by a discourse on possible opportunities and risks of mining the deep seabed. The paper at hand traces dominant discursive positions and their narrative structures as a way of explaining the relative success or failure of DSM proponents who speak in favor of mining the seabed and DSM critics who warn against its striking environmental impacts and inestimable risks. We proceed from the observation that the historic discourse on the deep sea beyond national jurisdiction was rooted in what we call “narratives of promise” regarding global procedural and distributive justice, environmental health, and peaceful international cooperation. Our findings show how in today's debates the theme of global marine justice, which dominated the historic DSM discourse, is close to a “nonstory”. DSM is commonly narrated as a merely technocratic and apolitical process that appears to be free of social and environmental conflict. We conclude by arguing that to arrive at more successful critical narratives on DSM will require more pronounced depictions of the negative consequences in particular for humans, exposing the “politics” in DSM policy making and developing more competitive stories on alternatives to DSM.

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Gagné, Natacha. "On the Ethnicisation of New Zealand Politics: The Foreshore and Seabed Controversy in Context1." Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology 9, no. 2 (June 2008): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14442210802023657.

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Pollard, E. J. D. "Edwin Egede: Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind." Journal of Maritime Archaeology 7, no. 1 (June 8, 2012): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11457-012-9090-0.

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Sullivan, Ann. "Politics, Indigenous Rights and Resource Ownership: Māori Customary Rights to the Foreshore, Seabed and Fresh Water in New Zealand." Studies in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 2 (December 7, 2017): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18193/sah.v3i2.105.

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Chen, Kuan-Jen. "Fishing for Oil: Natural-Resource Management between the United States and Maritime East Asia in the 1970s." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 27, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 169–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-02702004.

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The possibility of oil reserves under the seabed of the East China Sea created competition between Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan to claim ownership of these natural resources. The dispute marked the start of international cooperation in maritime East Asia and introduced the United States into this power game due to its exploration techniques and financial power. While Taibei, Tokyo, and Seoul put sovereignty-related disputes aside in an attempt to explore resources jointly, the change in international politics in East Asia and Washington’s perception of the western Pacific rim led to the failure of cooperation. This article argues that this international power game over natural resources management epitomized the dynamic politics between the United States and its East Asian allies. The roles of sovereignty, local interests, and U.S. international security created a dynamic scenario revealing how oil reserves were never the issue, but instead the embodiment of the actual concerns of these players behind their diplomatic language. Situating the 1970s oil exploration in the context of the Cold War, this article provides a historical lens to understand the contours of the shifting geopolitical structure in maritime East Asia.

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Karakasis, Vasileios P. "Energy Security and the Cyprus Question." Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science 27 (July 15, 2015): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22151/politikon.27.1.

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In February 2014, Nikos Anastasiades, the President of the Republic of Cyprus and Dervis Eroglu, the Turkish-Cypriot leader, signed a Joint Declaration that established certain “ground-rules” upon which the then stalled peace talks -aiming at the island’s reunification- could be revived. The main stimulant prompting this evolution was the discovery of new energy sources in the Eastern Mediterranean, and especially offshore the RoC. In October 2014, Turkish navigational warning notified mariners that Turkey would soon perform its seismic surveys in sea areas that encroach on Cyprus’s EEZ, raising concerns on the escalation of the intractable and protracted Cyprus conflict. Aim of this research project is to provide readers with an insight on how the flow between energy and power politics is played out in the Eastern Mediterranean. Suggesting that the existing tensions extend beyond the struggle over the existing material energy assets in the seabed of the Levant Basin, the project casts light upon the notion of energy security by setting forth the indicators it is composed of. While scrutinizing the statements of the leaders on these events and seeking to highlight the security discourses they are coming up with, the project resorts to discourse analysis.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seabed politics"

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Schmidt, M. "Common heritage or common burden? : The United States position on the development of a regime for deep seabed mining in the Law of the Sea Convention." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376001.

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Quaresma, Monica dos Santos. "O salvacionismo na Bahia : o politico e a politica em J.J.Seabra (1912-1916)." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281482.

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Orientador: Vavy Pacheco Borges
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: During the old Republic, in special between 1910 to 1914, the states had, for several times to face the federal intervention. In this confuse period the relations between the states and federal goverment the brasilian historiography called it "National Salvations". It had the objective to conceive of the oligarchical groups that were settled in the goverments and substitute then by the sal vationist goverments, mili tary in nost of the time. In Bahia the sal vationist , theme of this reserch, happened during the period when J. J. Seabra was the network of roads Minister and candidate to the goverment. But in Bahia the salvationist project was na exection among the states that had interventions too, because it wasn't antioligarchy and lither a simple alternation of groups in states goverment, it was one of the most violent, and began in 10/01/12 when Salvador had contingent military ocupation. Another particulary in this case was that the oligarchical reaction, the return of elites, deposed by salvations didn't happened in Bahia. It was a resul t of the. forro how was configureted the states goverment of J. J. Seabra elected immediately after the intervention. This reserch had na obj ecti ve to discuss the salvacionism in Bahia, its principal repercutions, and part of the bombardment of 1912, memory associated to Seabra's government ( 1912 to 1916 ).
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Manjrekar, Naina. ""To shake hands across the ocean" : the political worlds of South Asian seamen, c.1918-1946." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2018. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30305/.

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Snyder, Amanda J. "Pirates, Exiles, and Empire: English Seamen, Atlantic Expansion, and Jamaican Settlement, 1558-1658." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/857.

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A life of piracy offered marginal men a profession with a degree of autonomy, despite the brand of “outlaw” and the fear of prosecution. At various times throughout history, governments and crowned heads suspended much of their piracy prosecution, licensing men to work as “privateers” for the state, supplementing naval forces. This practice has a long history, but in sixteenth-century England, Elizabeth I (1558-1603) significantly altered this tradition. Recognizing her own weakness in effectively prosecuting these men and the profit they could contribute to the government, Elizabeth began incorporating pirates into the English naval corps in peacetime—not just in war. This practice increased English naval resources, income, and presence in the emerging Atlantic World, but also increased conflict with the powerful Spanish empire. By 1605, making peace with Spain, James VI/I (1603-1625) retracted Elizabeth’s privateering promotion, prompting an emigration of English seamen to the American outposts they had developed in the previous century. Now exiles, no longer beholden to the Crown, seamen reverted back to piracy. The Carolinas and Jamaica served as bases for these rover communities. In 1650, the revolutionary leader Oliver Cromwell (1649-1658) once again recognized the merits of such policies. Determined to demonstrate his authority and solidify his rule, Cromwell offered citizenship and state support to Caribbean exiles in exchange for their aiding of his navy in the taking of Spanish Jamaica. Official chartering of Port Royal, Jamaica served as reward for these men’s efforts and as the culmination of a century-long cycle of piracy legislation, creating one of England’s most lucrative colonies in the middle of a traditionally Spanish Caribbean empire. Through legal and diplomatic records, correspondence, and naval and demographic records from England and Spain, this dissertation explores early modern piracy/privateering policy and its impact on the development of the Atlantic World. European disputes and imperial competition converged in these piracy debates with significant consequences for the definitions of criminality and citizenship and for the development of Atlantic empire.

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Vestling, Veronika, and Viktoria Forsberg. "The livelihoods of female seaweed farmers : A study about women's experiences of old and new techniques of seaweed farming on Zanzibar, Tanzania." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40719.

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Seaweed has been hit hard by climate change around the world. The island of Zanzibar, which is the world’s third biggest exporter of seaweed, is one of the places where seaweed is affected. 80 percent of the seaweed farmers on Zanzibar are women who are directly affected by climate change since they are making a living from seaweed farming. New efforts to tackle the impact of climate change on seaweed has been made on Zanzibar through the SEA PoWer project which is a new technique of growing seaweed and enables twenty-four female seaweed farmers to grow in deep and cooler waters instead of the more traditional way which is in shallow waters. The aim of this study is to, from a livelihood perspective, examine women’s experiences and perceptions of the old versus the new techniques of farming seaweed on Zanzibar, Tanzania. The research questions for this study focus on finding out the women’s experiences and perceptions of the changes in the techniques in relation to opportunities for livelihoods through seaweed farming. Furthermore, this study investigates if women experience conflicts of interest with men regarding the use of ocean space. Semi-structured interviews with eleven women who have used the new technique of growing seaweed were conducted and the results was analyzed in the light of previous research, through the definitions of livelihood and gender, and the theoretical concept of feminist political ecology. The result has shown that all women experienced improvements in their livelihoods through the new technique of seaweed farming. One clear improvement was that there were no negative health effects when using the new technique. The study also found that there are no conflicts of interest between men and women regarding the use of ocean space when using the new technique of seaweed farming. The women had a positive view on the future and had high expectations, they had already noticed positive effects on their livelihoods in form of social, human, physical capital and health.

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Braga, Lib?nia Maria. "Assentamento Hip?lito: realidade e perspectivas dos jovens assentados." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17916.

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Analisa a inser??o da popula??o jovem em assentamentos rurais, tomando como refer?ncia o Assentamento Hip?lito, no munic?pio de Mossor?, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). O contato com alguns jovens assentados levou ? inquieta??o frente ? problem?tica situa??o por eles descrita, em rela??o aos seus cotidianos e ?s suas perspectivas, o que aponta para o entendimento de que faltam pol?ticas p?blicas, ou estas n?o est?o sendo adequadas para a popula??o em estudo. As pol?ticas de juventude s?o, al?m de recentes, ainda muito escassas; sobretudo, quando se trata da juventude rural. Nessa perspectiva, procura rastrear a trajet?ria dos jovens no referido Assentamento, visando a uma melhor percep??o da inser??o social destes na condi??o de assentados, com a aten??o voltada para as suas rela??es com o seu meio, e com o poder p?blico (local, estadual e federal), as condi??es de vida, as perspectivas de futuro e as a??es governamentais, frente ?s suas demandas. Os resultados dessa an?lise apontaram para a aus?ncia de pol?ticas p?blicas condizentes com a realidade dessa parcela da popula??o, refor?ando, mediante a precariedade das condi??es de vida em que se encontra, o argumento de que a luta pela terra n?o se encerra com a conquista desta. Pois a consolida??o dessa posse vai depender da luta posterior em prol de melhores condi??es econ?micas e sociais. Refor?a ainda a necessidade de reconhecer a capacidade potencial dos sujeitos coletivos, na avalia??o de seus problemas e necessidades, e fomentar a participa??o social e pol?tica dos trabalhadores, na conquista de seus direitos e na constru??o de sua cidadania. E ainda que a participa??o efetiva da juventude ? fundamental a qualquer processo de transforma??o social. Portanto, os jovens rurais s?o atores inegavelmente importantes quando se pretende entender a din?mica dos assentamentos rurais no seu contexto maior

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Charron, Jacob David. ""Signed, sealed, delivered, I'm yours" : how music and musicians propelled Barack Obama to the presidency in 2008 /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10288/1214.

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Hlaváč, Vlastislav. "Analýza nástrojů aktivní politiky zaměstnanosti v České republice a Spolkové republice Německo." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329598.

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Résumé This thesis focuses on the implementation of the active employment policy in the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany and in particular its use of a time when the labour market is negatively affected by the effects of the economic recession. Financial support provided to employers to create or maintain jobs proved to be crucial, confirming the model used in the Federal Republic of Germany. The analysis of tre nds in the labour market shows increasing importance of implementing active employment policy, which both lead to job creation, but the activation of unemployed persons. The findings of this thesis stems can be applied throughout the Czech Republic. Some m easures to increase employment can be implemented without significant interference, in a change in methodology, but some must be implemented on the basis of political acceptability.

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Books on the topic "Seabed politics"

1

Africa and the deep seabed regime: Politics and international law of the common heritage of mankind. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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Egede, Edwin. Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3.

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Mitchell, Hilary. Foreshore and seabed issues: A Te Tau Ihu perspective on assertions and denials of Rangatiratanga. Wellington, N.Z: Treaty of Waitangi Research Unit, Stout Research Centre for New Zealand Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, 2006.

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Barr, Hugh. The gathering storm over the foreshore and seabed: Why it must remain in Crown ownership. Wellington [N.Z.]: Tross Pub., 2010.

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Abdullah, Slamet. Seabad Muhammadiyah dalam pergumulan budaya Nusantara. Yogyakarta: Global Pustaka Utama, 2010.

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Abdullah, Slamet. Seabad Muhammadiyah dalam pergumulan budaya Nusantara. Yogyakarta: Global Pustaka Utama, 2010.

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Abdullah, Slamet. Seabad Muhammadiyah dalam pergumulan budaya Nusantara. Yogyakarta: Global Pustaka Utama, 2010.

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Kusuma, Eddie. Seabad kebangkitan nasional: Ayo bangkit, bangun negeri tercinta, Indonesia. [Jakarta]: Lembaga Pengkajian Strategis Poleksosbudkum, Suara Kebangsaan Tionghoa Indonesia, 2008.

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Nealon, Ted. Nealon's guide, 25th Dail & Seanad election '87. Dublin: Platform Press, 1987.

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Nealon, Ted. Nealon's guide, 25th Dail & Seanad election '87. Dublin: Platform Press, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Seabed politics"

1

Egede, Edwin. "Participation of African States in Deep Seabed Mining of the Common Heritage of Mankind Resources in the Area: Problems and Prospects." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 217–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_7.

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Egede, Edwin. "African States and the Evolution of the Regime of the Area and the Common Heritage of Mankind." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 1–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_1.

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Egede, Edwin. "African States and Delimitation of the Common Heritage of Mankind Area." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 31–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_2.

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Egede, Edwin. "The Legal Status of the Area: Common Heritage of Mankind and African States." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 55–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_3.

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Egede, Edwin. "Africa and Part XI of Law of the Sea Convention (LOSC) 1982 Provisions, as Amended by the 1994 Implementation Agreement." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 75–122. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_4.

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Egede, Edwin. "African States and the Institutions of the Common Heritage of Mankind Regime in the Area." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 123–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_5.

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Egede, Edwin. "African States: The System of Mining of the Common Heritage of Mankind Resources in the Area." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 183–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_6.

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Egede, Edwin. "General Conclusion." In Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind, 241–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17662-3_8.

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"4 The United Nations Seabed Committe." In Japan in Global Ocean Politics, 59–84. University of Hawaii Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824887575-007.

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Gent, Stephen E., and Mark J. C. Crescenzi. "China." In Market Power Politics, 170–205. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197529805.003.0007.

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This chapter examines how the pursuit of market power over rare earth elements (REEs) influences China’s use of strategic delay in East and South China Seas. As the dominant global producer of REEs, China has the ability to set prices in this market. The desire to maintain this market power motivates China to continue to push its long-standing claims to sovereignty over seabed resources in the East and South China Seas. International institutions such as UNCLOS and the International Seabed Authority do not provide a dispute-resolution option that allows China to maintain unfettered access to deep sea mineral extraction. At the same time, China’s economic dependence on Japan and the global REE market constrains China from turning to military escalation to press its claims. Instead, China has relied upon strategic delay and gray zone tactics to gradually expand its presence in the East and South China Seas.

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Conference papers on the topic "Seabed politics"

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Yoshikawa, Hidekazu. "A Proposal on Ultimate Safety Disposal of High Level Radioactive Wastes." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15117.

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The ultimate disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) becomes a hard issue for sustainable nuclear energy in Japan especially after Fukushima Daiichi accident. In this paper, the difficulty of realizing underground HLW disposal in Japanese islands is first discussed from socio-political aspects. Then, revival of old idea of deep seabed disposal of HLW in Pacific Ocean is proposed as an alternative way of HLW disposal. Although this had been abandoned in the past for the reason that it will violate London Convention which prohibits dumping radioactive wastes in public sea, the author will stress the merit of seabed disposal of HLW deep in Pacific Ocean not only from the view point of more safe and ultimate way of disposing HLWs (both vitrified and spent fuel) than by underground disposal, but also the emergence of new marine project by synergetic collaboration of rare-earth resource exploration from the deep sea floor in Pacific Ocean.

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Rohman, Abdul, Rochmawati Daud, and Arista Hakiki. "Effects of Accrual Discretion, Accrual Levels, Opinions and Political Factors on the Management of SILPA of Local Governments (Efforts to Detect the Management of SILPA Approach Zero)." In 5th Sriwijaya Economics, Accounting, and Business Conference (SEABC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200520.043.

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HETTIARACHCHI, A. A. "UNDERLYING REASONS BEHIND THE SUSTENANCE OF RAGGING IN SRI LANKAN UNIVERSITIES: Findings from a state university in Colombo, Sri Lanka." In 13th International Research Conference - FARU 2020. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit (FARU), University of Moratuwa, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2020.18.

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Ragging is a deep-seated long-lasting social practice found in the state university system of Sri Lanka. Considering the negative, damaging impacts on physical, psychological, social, cognitive and behavioural aspects of undergraduates, it has been identified as a punishable offence under the Prohibition of Ragging and other forms of violence in educational institutions Act, No. 20 of 1998. Despite the array of harmful effects, ragging has evolved during the past five decades and sustained thus far amidst severe punishments imposed. The objective of the current study was to identify the underlying deep-rooted reasons behind sustenance of ragging in state universities with reference to a selected university (UOX) in Colombo, Sri Lanka. In-depth interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous sample (n=20) of volunteers. The study exposed an interconnected feeding system comprised of a minority of significant personnel among freshers, seniors, student unions, staff, administration, industry and political parties who play a decisive role in justifying the need and thereby support the sustenance of ragging. These findings may enable university authorities to find creative and innovative solutions to combat this menace to create a conducive academic environment for the future student community of State Universities in Sri Lanka.

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Paiva, Isabel, Romão B. Trindade, Mário A. Gonçalves, and António Mateus. "Development of a Specific Methodology to Assess Suitable Sites to Receive a Repository for L/ILW Waste in the Portuguese Territory." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96144.

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Portugal does not have nuclear power plants but records an increasing production of radioactive waste from medical, industrial and research applications of radioactive materials in the form of sealed and unsealed sources; the country totals include also the spent fuel of one nuclear reactor for research purposes. Since radioactive waste management policies and practices in Portugal will have to comply with the Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom and the IAEA Joint Convention, the search for scientific and technological solutions to deal with radioactive wastes produced in the country started some years ago. The research carried out recently under the scope of a national funded project (KADRWaste, PTDC/CTE-GEX/82678/2006) represents a firm step in this commitment. Indeed, the transfer of methodologies tested and validated in this project allowed for improvement to a procedure to assess suitable sites to receive a near-surface repository for “Low and Intermediate Level Waste, Short Live and Long Live” (LILW-SL, LL) wastes in Portugal mainland. Although the main stages of the procedure can be of universal usage, details were designed according to the intrinsic geological, geomorphic and meteorological features of previously selected target-areas. All the requirements exhaustively listed in many reports of the IAEA were fulfilled and, in addition, the application of mineralogical, geochemical and textural criteria is strongly advised. The proposed procedure is based on a 5 key-steps approach preceded by clarification of the boundary conditions to be imposed, which are crucial to the inventory of various compulsory technical requirements. This analysis requires the adoption of stringent criteria, many of them of multi-disciplinary nature, including tests of vulnerability and assessment of uncertainty, besides the environmental impact risk. As a result, priority targets that are not excluded will integrate different classes and, depending on the existing knowledge, it will be possible to select locations suitable for the repository installation, taking into account also the political, social and administrative dimensions behind this decision.

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Milburn, A. H. "Windscale Pile 1: A New Approach." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4540.

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One of the most technically challenging reactor decommissioning projects in the UK, if not the world, is being tackled in a new way managed by a team lead by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. Windscale Pile 1, a graphite moderated, air cooled, horizontal, natural uranium fuelled reactor was damaged by fire in October 1957. De-fuelling, initial clean-up and isolation operations were carried out in the 1960’s. During the 1980’s and 90’s a successful Phase1 decommissioning campaign resulted in the plant being cleared of all accessible fuel and graphite debris and it being sealed and isolated from associated facilities and put on a monitoring and surveillance regime while plans for dismantling were being developed. For years intrusive inspection of the fire damaged region has been precluded on safety grounds. Consequently early plans for dismantling were constructed using pessimistic assumptions and worst case predictions. This in turn lead to technical, financial and regulatory hurdles which were found to be too high to overcome. The new approach utilises the best from several areas: • The design process incorporates principles of the US DoE safety analysis process to address safety, and adds further key stages of design concept and detail to generate concurrent development of a technical solution and a safety case. • A staged and gated Project Management Process provides for stakeholder involvement and consensus at key stages. • Targeted knowledge acquisition is used to minimise uncertainty. • A stepwise approach to intrusive surveys is employed to systematically increase confidence. The result is a process which yields the optimum solution in terms of safety, environmental impact, technical feasibility, political acceptability and affordability. The change from previous approaches is that the project starts from the hazards and associated hazard management strategies, through engineering concept, to design manufacture and testing of the resulting solution rather than starting with the engineer’s “good idea” and then trying to make it work, safely and at an affordable price. Progress has been made in making the intrusive survey work a reality. This is a significant step in building a realistic picture of the physical and radiological state of the core and in building confidence in the process.

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Reports on the topic "Seabed politics"

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Maiangwa, Benjamin. Peace (Re)building Initiatives: Insights from Southern Kaduna, Nigeria. RESOLVE Network, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.22.lpbi.

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Violent conflicts and crime have reached new heights in Nigeria, as cases of kidnapping, armed banditry, and communal unrests continue to tear at the core of the ethnoreligious divides in the country. Southern Kaduna has witnessed a virulent spree of communal unrest in northern Nigeria over the last decade due to its polarized politics and power differentials between the various groups in the area, particularly the Christians and Muslims, who are almost evenly split. In response to their experiences of violence, the people of that region have also shown incredible resilience and grit in transforming their stress and suffering. This policy note focuses on the transformative practices of the Fulani and other ethnic communities in southern Kaduna in terms of how they problem-solve deep-seated socio-political rivalries and violent relations by working through their shared identity, history, and cultures of peace. The note explores how peace practitioners and donor agencies could consolidate local practices of sustaining peace as complementary or alternative resources to the state’s liberal system.

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