Journal articles: 'Sdfsd'

1

Mekawy, Moataz, and Jin Kawakita. "Recent Sensing Technologies of Imperceptible Water in Atmosphere." Chemosensors 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10030112.

Full text

Abstract:

Accurate detection and quantitative evaluation of environmental water in vapor and liquids state expressed as humidity and precipitation play key roles in industrial and scientific applications. However, the development of supporting tools and techniques remains a challenge. Although optical methods such as IR and LASER could detect environmental water in the air, their apparatus is relatively huge. Alternatively, solid detection field systems (SDFSs) could recently lead to a revolution in device downsizing and sensing abilities via advanced research, mainly for materials technology. Herein, we present an overview of several SDFS based sensing categories and their core materials mainly used to detect water in atmosphere, either in the vapor or liquid phase. We considered the governing mechanism in the detection process, such as adsorption/desorption, condensation/evaporation for the vapor phase, and surface attach/detach for the liquid phase. Sensing categories such as optical, chilled mirror, resistive, capacitive, gravimetric sensors were reviewed together with their designated tools such as acoustic wave, quartz crystal microbalance, IDT, and many others, giving typical examples of daily based real scientific applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Salave, Sagar, Suchita Dattatray Shinde, Dhwani Rana, Bichismita Sahu, Hemant Kumar, Rikin Patel, Derajram Benival, and Nagavendra Kommineni. "Peptide Engraftment on PEGylated Nanoliposomes for Bone Specific Delivery of PTH (1-34) in Osteoporosis." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 2 (February 11, 2023): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020608.

Full text

Abstract:

Bone-specific functionalization strategies on liposomes are promising approaches to delivering the drug in osteoporotic conditions. This approach delivers the drug to the bone surface specifically, reduces the dose and off-target effects of the drug, and thereby reduces the toxicity of the drug. The purpose of the current research work was to fabricate the bone-specific peptide conjugated pegylated nanoliposomes to deliver anabolic drug and its physicochemical evaluations. For this, a bone-specific peptide (SDSSD) was synthesized, and the synthesized peptide was conjugated with a linker (DSPE-PEG2000-COOH) to obtain a bone-specific conjugate (SDSSD-DSPE). Purified SDSSD-DSPE was characterized by HPLC, Maldi-TOF, NMR, and Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Further, peptide-conjugated and anabolic drug-encapsulated liposomes (SDSSD-LPs) were developed using the ethanol injection method and optimized by Central Composite Design (CCD) using a statistical approach. Optimized SDSSD-LPs were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, including surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential, in vitro drug release, and bone mineral binding potential. The obtained results from these studies demonstrated that SDSSD-DSPE conjugate and SDSSD-LPs were optimized successfully. The particle size, % EE, and zeta potential of SDSSD-LPs were observed to be 183.07 ± 0.85 nm, 66.72 ± 4.22%, and −25.03 ± 0.21 mV, respectively. SDSSD-LPs demonstrated a sustained drug release profile. Further, the in vitro bone mineral binding assay demonstrated that SDSSD-LPs deliver the drug to the bone surface specifically. These results suggested that SDSSD-LPs could be a potential targeting approach to deliver the anabolic drug in osteoporotic conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Wu, Dingtao, Jiajia Wan, Wenxing Li, Jie Li, Wang Guo, Xiaoqin Zheng, Ren-You Gan, Yichen Hu, and Liang Zou. "Comparison of Soluble Dietary Fibers Extracted from Ten Traditional Legumes: Physicochemical Properties and Biological Functions." Foods 12, no. 12 (June 12, 2023): 2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12122352.

Full text

Abstract:

Soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) exist as the major bioactive components in legumes, which exhibit various biological functions. To improve the potential applications of legume SDFs as healthy value-added products in the functional food industry, the physicochemical properties and biological functions of SDFs from ten selected traditional legumes, including mung bean, adzuki bean, red bean, red sword bean, black bean, red kidney bean, speckled kidney bean, common bean, white hyacinth bean, and pea, were studied and compared. Results showed that the physicochemical properties of SDFs varied in different species of legumes. All legume SDFs almost consisted of complex polysaccharides, which were rich in pectic-polysaccharides, e.g., homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) domains. In addition, hemicelluloses, such as arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, and galactomannan, existed in almost all legume SDFs, and a large number of galactomannans existed in SDFs from black beans. Furthermore, all legume SDFs exhibited potential antioxidant, antiglycation, immunostimulatory, and prebiotic effects, and their biological functions differed relative to their chemical structures. The findings can help reveal the physicochemical and biological properties of different legume SDFs, which can also provide some insights into the further development of legume SDFs as functional food ingredients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Cai, Mingxiang, Yaoyao Liu, Yinping Tian, Yan Liang, Zinan Xu, Fangchen Liu, Renfa Lai, et al. "Osteogenic peptides in periodontal ligament stem cell-containing three-dimensional bioscaffolds promote bone healing." Biomaterials Science 10, no. 7 (2022): 1765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1bm01673c.

Full text

Abstract:

The oligopeptide SDSSD promotes the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells. The 3D bioscaffolds with SDSSD enhance bone formation and the repair effect of bone defects in mice by regulating the AKT signaling pathway.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Guerra, Mariana, Daniela Marado, and Jorge Fortuna. "Acute meningitis complicated with ventriculitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. Dysgalactiae." Archive of Clinical Cases 10, no. 1 (January 28, 2023): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22551/2023.38.1001.10231.

Full text

Abstract:

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae (SDSD), also known as Lancefield group C streptococcus, is a pathogen found in animals. It is known to cause pyogenic infections in animals and is one of the most common pathogens that can cause mastitis in cattle. Very few reports of SDSD causing human diseases to have been reported in the literature, but we report a case of community-acquired meningitis and pyogenic ventriculitis caused by SDSD. This report is the first case of SDSD causing a central nervous system (CNS) infection in humans and aims to raise awareness about the role of SDSD in CNS infections. It also seeks to promote the recognition of this bacteria as a potential cause of invasive diseases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Shahid, Muhammad Zia, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Kamran Khan, Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Nadeem, Niaz Muhammad, and Adeela Yasmin. "OMEGA-3 Fatty Acids Retention, Oxidative Quality, and Sensoric Acceptability of Spray-Dried Flaxseed Oil." Journal of Food Quality 2020 (March 27, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7286034.

Full text

Abstract:

Flaxseed is naturally a rich source of essential omega-3 fatty acid, α-linolenic acid (ALA), which exhibits nearly 57% of its entire fatty acid profile. Oxidation of omega-3 fatty acids during processing and storage results in reduced shelf stability of food products and limited health potentials. Spray-drying is considered a processing technique to shield omega-3 fatty acids from oxidative damage. For the purpose, the extracted flaxseed oil (FSO) together with the emulsifier (flaxseed meal polysaccharide gum) was passed through a mini spray-dryer to prepare spray-dried flaxseed oil (SDFSO) samples. The SDFSO samples for quality were evaluated at 0th, 30th, and 60th days of storage at two different temperatures of 4°C and 25°C, accordingly. The maximum oil protection efficiency was recorded as 90.78% at 160°C. The highest percentage for ALA retention was recorded as 54.7% and 53.9% at 4°C, while the lowest retention was observed as 48.6% and 46.2% at 25°C after 30 and 60 days of storage, respectively. The inlet (160°C) and outlet air temperatures (80°C) were considered as key factors contributing a decline in retention of ALA of the SDFSO samples. The free fatty acid contents of FSO and SDFSO samples reached to their peaks, i.e., 1.22% and 0.75%, respectively, after 60 days of storage at 25°C. The initial peroxide value of FSO (control) was 0.16, which increased to 0.34 (4°C) and 1.10 (25°C) meq/kg O2 at the end of 60 days storage. The value for malondialdehyde of SDFSO samples was increased from 0.17 (0 day) to 0.34 nmol/g of lipids at 60 days (4°C), and the same increasing trend was observed at 25°C. In the case of color and overall acceptability, the lowest evaluation scores were awarded to FSO samples in comparison to SDFSO samples. Overall, SDFSO possessed improved oxidative quality and can be recommended as a fortifying agent in various functional food products.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Wang, Zhe, and Mingde Hao. "Effects of Spent Drilling Fluids from Natural Gas Fields on Seed Germination and Root Development of Maize (Zea mays L.)." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031510.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of drilling waste for land reclamation is a cost-effective way to improve soil fertility and to decrease landfills. However, the potential phytotoxic and cytotoxic effects of this waste on crops have not been investigated in detail. Here, we evaluated the toxicity of spent drilling fluids (SDFs) from a natural gas field using the non-target plant Zea mays L. (maize). Four different concentrations of SDFs (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%, w/w) were used to test the toxic effects in two soils (aeolian and loessal). Different endpoints, including germination, root elongation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant activity, mitotic index, and chromosomal abnormalities, were used to test the effects of SDFs after four days of exposure. Higher levels (≥6%) of SDFs inhibited seed germination and root growth, and altered the oxygen status by increasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and inhibiting superoxide ion (O2−) accumulation in the roots. SDFs-induced oxidative stress caused member damage, exacerbated cell injury, and reduced cell viability in the roots, compared with those untreated plants. The plants responded to high SDFs levels (≥6%) by upregulating antioxidants such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase ascorbate peroxidase, and proline. A reduction in the mitotic index and induction of chromosomal abnormalities in root meristematic cells were indicators of the cytotoxicity of SDFs in maize seedlings. The upregulation of antioxidants due to the change of ROS and the induction of chromosomal abnormalities were more severe in roots grown in aeolian soil than in those grown in loessal soil. The present results provide insight into the mechanism underlying the phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity of SDFs and have implications for land reclamation to minimize deleterious effects on non-target crops.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Nayak, Chinmohan, Sambedita Nayak, and Sujit Ghosal. "Semantic Driven Web Service Discovery (SDWSD) System." International Journal of Computer Applications 69, no. 23 (May 31, 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/12112-8379.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Bode, H., and M. Weyand. "The influence of stormwater treatment on the hydraulic and pollution load – balance for an entire river basin." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 3 (February 1, 2002): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0076.

Full text

Abstract:

The installation of about 500 stormwater detention facilities (SDFs) led to a significant drop of the pollution originating from stormwater runoff in the river basin of the Ruhr which covers 4,488 km2. The German technical directives on the design of SDFs are briefly outlined and the specific costs for such plants are given. The average costs for one kilogram COD held back by SDFs in combined systems amount to € 3.73 (calculated without consideration of the subsequent removal in the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)). The tank volume for stormwater storage can be minimised by application of real-time management systems which allow a dynamic operation of all SDFs in a catchment area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Pretorius, Ruan, and Dewald Blaauw. "Digital Risk Management: Investigating Human-Factor Security with a Behaviorist Approach." International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security 17, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/iccws.17.1.64.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Saikh, Mahammed Athar Alli, and Prithwiraj Mohapatra. "Specialised Coating Processes Finding Pharmaceutical Applicability." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 6 (November 15, 2021): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i6.5133.

Full text

Abstract:

The manuscript aims at furnishing comprehensive information pertaining specialised coating technology/ processes. Solid dosage forms and solid particulates (SDFSP) are the major contributing group in the solid pharmaceuticals (SoPs). SDFSP exhibit peculiar physico-chemical properties and interaction behaviour which create problems/ issues during their handling, processing, storage, and use. Modifying and/or engineering surface attributes of SDFSP are advocated as powerful tool to modify their interaction behaviour and realise their worthy applications and functionalities. In this regard coating their surfaces with coating material (CM) is novel approach. Said approach involves wet and dry process for realising deposition of CM onto the surface of SDFSP substrates. Both the processes modify and/or alter innate properties of SDFSP substrates either physically or chemically. Basing on involved wet or dry process the coating method is either dry coating method (DCM) or wet coating method (WCM). Accordingly nowadays there available number of specialised devices, that bases on diverse technologies. Amongst them some involves state-of-art process/ technology like Supercell coating technology (SCT), Chemical vapour deposition (CVD), Atomic/molecular layer deposition (AMLD), Electrostatic deposition, Thermo-mechanical process, Resonant acoustic technology, Fluidised-bed process, Supercritical fluid (SCF) technology, and others. These foundational for commercially availability of specialised equipments like Magnetically Assisted Impaction Coater (MAIC), Resodyn acoustic mixer, Hybridizer®, Theta-composer®. Mechanofusion®, and others. Working and working principle, applicability, benefits, pros and limitations of specialised coating processes and technologies are herein discussed and presented. Contained information hoped to be beneficent for pharmaceutical professionals and technocrats and professionals of allied field. Keywords: Coating, composite product, modification, specialised, surface.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

PURI, SANJAY. "KINETICS OF PHASE SEPARATION IN CONFINED GEOMETRIES." Modern Physics Letters B 19, no. 19n20 (August 30, 2005): 919–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984905008931.

Full text

Abstract:

We review analytical and numerical results for the kinetics of phase separation in confined geometries. It is often the case that a confining surface has a preferential attraction for one of the components of a segregating mixture. The equilibrium surface morphology is either partially wet or completely wet, depending on the strength of the surface potential. The dynamical interplay of wetting and phase separation is referred to as surface-directed spinodal decomposition (SDSD), and is of considerable technological importance. We discuss the modeling of SDSD at both the microscopic and coarse-grained levels. We also present results for SDSD in both semi-infinite and confined geometries.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Vatsa, Avimanyou K. "SDFS: A Standardization Technique for Nonparametric Analysis." International Journal on Engineering, Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (April 24, 2021): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijonest.34.

Full text

Abstract:

Due to availability of computational tools for data acquisition, it is very easy to collect many dimensions from an object. Nevertheless, data acquisition from an object in an experiment may have a low number of dimensions. The analysis of low dimensional data has break-through role. But raw and sparse nature of dataset imposes new challenges and requirements for data analysis due to their special and unique characteristics. In the process of overall characterization of low-dimensional data, the data pre-processing plays crucial role. One of the first processes is normalization and standardization process. Therefore, in this paper, I would like to propose novel standardization technique called SDFS (Standardization for Distribution Free Statistics) for nonparametric data analysis. This technique is robust for small sample size with missing values of data points, which commonly exist in real time experiments lead to sparse low-dimensional data. The comprehensive experimental evaluation shows that SDFS standardization is significantly outperforms on existing standardization methods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Tuzlukov, Vyacheslav. "Generalized Receiver Designs for OFDM Systems with Alamouti Decoding in Fast Fading Channels." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 21 (May 11, 2022): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2022.21.14.

Full text

Abstract:

In the present paper, the generalized receiver designs for orthogonal frequency-division multiplex-ing (OFDM) systems that exploit the Alamouti transmit diversity technique are addressed. In Alamouti space-time coded OFDM systems, the simple Alamouti decoding at the generalized receiver relies on the assumption that the channels do not change over an Alamouti codeword period (two consecutive OFDM symbol periods). Unfortunately, when the channel is fast fading, the assumption is not met, resulting in severe performance deg-radation. In the present paper, a sequential decision feedback sequence estimation (SDFSE) scheme based on the generalized receiver with an adaptive threshold, a traditionally single-carrier equalization technique, is used to mitigate the performance degradation. A new method to set the threshold value is proposed. For small signal constellations like binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift-keying (QPSK), the SDFSE generalized receiver with the adaptive threshold requires much lower complexity than a previous minimum me-an square error (MMSE) approach based on the generalized receiver at the cost of small performance degradati-on. Furthermore, we show that the performance difference becomes smaller when the channel estimation error is included. Adaptive effort sequence estimation (AESE) scheme based on the generalized receiver is also pro-posed to further reduce the average complexity of the SDFSE generalized receiver scheme with the adaptive threshold. The AESE generalized receiver scheme is based on the observation that a high Doppler frequency does not necessarily mean significant instantaneous channel variations. Simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed SDFSE generalized receiver with the adaptive threshold and AESE generalized receiver schemes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Zheng, Hui, Yan Sun, Yiqiong Zeng, Tao Zheng, Fan Jia, Pan Xu, Yao Xu, Yuxin Cao, Kai He, and Yong Yang. "Effects of Four Extraction Methods on Structure and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Rape Bee Pollen." Molecules 28, no. 12 (June 16, 2023): 4800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124800.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were extracted from rape bee pollen using four methods including acid extraction (AC), alkali extraction (AL), cellulase extraction (CL) and complex enzyme extraction (CE). The effects of different extraction methods on the structure of SDFs and in vitro fermentation characteristics were further investigated. The results showed that the four extraction methods significantly affected the monosaccharide composition molar ratio, molecular weight, surface microstructure and phenolic compounds content, but showed little effect on the typical functional groups and crystal structure. In addition, all SDFs decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium, inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, and increased the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations by 1.63–2.45 times, suggesting that the bee pollen SDFs had a positive regulation on gut microbiota. Notably, the SDF obtained by CE exhibited the largest molecular weight, a relatively loose structure, higher extraction yield and phenolic compounds content and the highest SCFA concentration. Overall, our results indicated that CE was an appropriate extraction method of high-quality bee pollen SDF.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Vilaça, Aparecida. "Peter Gow (1958 - 2021)." Amazonía Peruana, no. 34 (July 15, 2021): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52980/revistaamazonaperuana.vi34.285.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Nguyen, Giang, and Giang Nguyen. "Laboratory Study of Soil Shear Strength Improvement with Polyester Fibres." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 2(134) (April 30, 2019): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9993.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Ramos Valencia, Marco Vinicio, Natalia Patricia Layedra Larrea, Miguel Ángel Duque Vaca, and Oscar Danilo Gavilánez Álvarez. "Mejora del sistema de almacenamiento de un servidor de backups mediante la evaluación de los sistemas de duplicación Opendedup (SDFS) Y ZFS." AlfaPublicaciones 4, no. 3 (July 29, 2022): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33262/ap.v4i3.248.

Full text

Abstract:

Introducción. Un servidor de backups tiene un programa dedicado a la recuperación y organización de información para el aseguramiento de esta, procurando prevenir la pérdida de información por motivos tanto internos como externos. Objetivo. Mejorar el sistema de almacenamiento de un servidor de Backups mediante la evaluación de los sistemas de duplicación Opendedup (SDFS) Y ZFS. Metodología. Para el desarrollo se elaboró un caso de prueba para evaluar los sistemas propuestos. Al implementar herramientas de licencia independientes como Virtualbox, Bacula, etc., la instalación de soluciones de deduplicación se realiza bajo una distribución virtual Linux Mint 19.1 con Virtualbox, instalada en una sola máquina física, y también un servidor Bacula en el que se realizan las copias de seguridad. se creará y almacenará en nuestro propio entorno con la duplicación de SDFS y ZFS. Resultados. El sistema SDFS tuvo un cumplimiento del 50% en la comparación inicial frente al 81% de ZFS, además SDFS obtuvo 4 puntos de uso en la comparación a posterior del funcionamiento, mientras que ZFS solo tuvo 12 puntos de uso, por último, SDFS logró 2 puntos en comparación de funcionalidades superado por los 5 puntos de ZFS. Conclusión. ZFS ofrece un mejor rendimiento en términos de optimización del almacenamiento en el servidor de respaldo, a pesar de las dificultades encontradas durante la instalación, el método de deduplicación es superior a la ofrecida por SDSF en función de la capacidad de caché. Recomendamos crear copias de seguridad en formato de archivo incremental, porque con este tipo de datos el porcentaje de excepciones duplicadas es más pronunciado, con referencia a los datos subyacentes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Pradhan, Surendra K., Olufunke Cofie, Josiane Nikiema, and Helvi Heinonen-Tanski. "Fecal Sludge Derived Products as Fertilizer for Lettuce Cultivation in Urban Agriculture." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 7101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247101.

Full text

Abstract:

Fecal sludge (FS) contains a significant amount of plant nutrients. FS (treated/untreated) has been used as soil ameliorant in several countries. Use of FS-based compost on lettuce may meet reservations due to possible microbiological contamination. The objectives of this research are: (1) To determine the fertilizer value of different formulations of sawdust and fecal sludge compost (SDFS) pellets, and (2) to compare the effect of these SDFS formulations with poultry manure, commercial compost, mineral fertilizer, and non-fertilization on lettuce cultivation. The SDFS products were made by enriching, and pelletized with ammonium sulphate, mineral-NPK, or ammonium sulphate + muriate of potash + triple superphosphate. Lettuce was cultivated in a greenhouse and an open field. The result showed that the saleable fresh weight lettuce yield obtained from all SDFS pellets with/without enrichments were higher than those obtained from commercial compost, poultry manure, mineral fertilizer, or no fertilizer. Cultivation in the open field gave higher yields than those in the greenhouse. No helminth eggs were detected in composts or lettuces. Some fecal coliforms were detected in lettuces fertilized with almost all fertilizers tested, including NPK and non-fertilized control. A properly treated fecal sludge-based fertilizer can be a sustainable solution for lettuce production, which helps urban and peri-urban agriculture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Antoine, Bertille, Kevin Proulx, and Eric Renault. "Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (September 18, 2018): 656–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nby017.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article is motivated by the need to bridge some gap between modern asset pricing theory and recent developments in econometric methodology. While asset pricing theory enhances the use of conditional pricing models, econometric inference of conditional models can be challenging due to misspecification or weak identification. To tackle the case of misspecification, we utilize the conditional Hansen and Jagannathan (1997) (HJ) distance as studied by Gagliardini and Ronchetti (2016), but we set the focus on interpretation and estimation of the pseudo-true value defined as the argument of the minimum of this distance. While efficient Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has no meaning for estimation of a pseudo-true value, the HJ-distance not only delivers a meaningful loss function, but also features an additional advantage for the interpretation and estimation of managed portfolios whose exact pricing characterizes the pseudo-true pricing kernel (stochastic discount factor (SDF)). For conditionally affine pricing kernels, we can display some managed portfolios which are well-defined independently of the pseudo-true value of the parameters, although their exact pricing is achieved by the pseudo-true SDF. For the general case of nonlinear SDFs, we propose a smooth minimum distance (SMD) estimator (Lavergne and Patilea, 2013) that avoids a focus on specific directions as in the case of managed portfolios. Albeit based on kernel smoothing, the SMD approach avoids instabilities and the resulting need of trimming strategies displayed by classical local GMM estimators when the density function of the conditioning variables may take arbitrarily small values. In addition, the fact that SMD may allow fixed bandwidth asymptotics is helpful regarding the curse of dimensionality. In contrast with the true unknown value for a well-specified model, the estimated pseudo-true value, albeit defined in a time-invariant (unconditional) way, may actually depend on the choice of the state variables that define fundamental factors and their scaling weights. Therefore, we may not want to be overly parsimonious about the set of explanatory variables. Finally, following Antoine and Lavergne (2014), we show how SMD can be further robustified to deal with weaker identification contexts. Since SMD can be seen as a local extension of the method of jackknife GMM (Newey and Windmeijer, 2009), we characterize the Gaussian asymptotic distribution of the estimator of the pseudo-true value using classical U-statistic theorems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Gagliardini, Patrick, and Diego Ronchetti. "Comment on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models. Comparing Fixed- versus Vanishing-Bandwidth Estimators of Pseudo-True SDFs*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (March 20, 2019): 736–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbz009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Ousset, Aymeric, Rosanna Chirico, Florent Robin, Martin Schubert, Pascal Somville, and Kalliopi Dodou. "A Novel Protocol Using Small-Scale Spray-Drying for the Efficient Screening of Solid Dispersions in Early Drug Development and Formulation, as a Straight Pathway from Screening to Manufacturing Stages." Pharmaceuticals 11, no. 3 (August 27, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph11030081.

Full text

Abstract:

This work describes a novel screening strategy that implements small-scale spray-drying in early development of binary amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). The proposed methodology consists of a three-stage decision protocol in which small batches (20–100 mg) of spray-dried solid dispersions (SDSDs) are evaluated in terms of drug–polymer miscibility, physical stability and dissolution performance in bio-predictive conditions. The objectives are to select the adequate carrier and drug-loading (DL) for the manufacturing of robust SDSD; and the appropriate stabilizer dissolved in the liquid vehicle of SDSD suspensions, which constitutes the common dosage form used during non-clinical studies. This methodology was verified with CDP146, a poorly water soluble (<2 µg/mL) API combined with four enteric polymers and four stabilizers. CDP146/HPMCAS-LF 40:60 (w/w) and 10% (w/v) PVPVA were identified as the lead SDSD and the best performing stabilizer, respectively. Lead SDSD suspensions (1–50 mg/mL) were found to preserve complete amorphous state during 8 h and maintain supersaturation in simulated rat intestinal fluids during the absorption window. Therefore, the implementation of spray-drying as a small-scale screening approach allowed maximizing screening effectiveness with respect to very limited API amounts (735 mg) and time resources (9 days), while removing transfer steps between screening and manufacturing phases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Johnson, Ralph Jay. "Paramilitary Provision of Adequate Disaster Response and Advancement of Public Health: The Case of the Texas State Guard and Operation Lone Star." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11, no. 4 (February 13, 2017): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.175.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractObjectiveThis article reports on State Defense Forces (SDFs) as tools for providing coordinated, disciplined, trained, and uniformed volunteers to augment civilian disaster response and advance public health.MethodsThis report draws on and describes the example of the Texas State Guard’s Medical Brigade and its Operation Lone Star.ResultsAlthough SDFs have downsides, since they are largely self-sufficient, they are far less expensive and burdensome yet nonetheless effective alternatives.ConclusionsFuture avenues for further inquiry are suggested. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:412–416)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Bang, Nguyen N., John B. Gaughan, Ben J. Hayes, Russell E. Lyons, Nguyen V. Chanh, Nguyen X. Trach, Duong N. Khang, and David M. McNeill. "Characteristics of Cowsheds in Vietnamese Smallholder Dairy Farms and Their Associations with Microclimate—A Preliminary Study." Animals 11, no. 2 (January 30, 2021): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020351.

Full text

Abstract:

In smallholder dairy farms (SDFs), farmers often build cowsheds using local materials and based on self-accumulated experience without due consideration to reducing the risk of heat stress. This study aimed to characterise the heat stress abatement strategies and microclimate within SDF cowsheds from four typical dairy regions of Vietnam (south lowland, south highland, north lowland and north highland) and identify the housing parameters most associated with the microclimate. The study was conducted on 32 SDFs (eight SDFs per region) in autumn 2017. Twelve housing management variables, illustrating cowshed design and heat stress abatement methods of each SDF, were collected. Six microclimate parameters, collected within the cowshed, were temperature (AT), humidity, air speed (AS), heat load index (HLI), Temperature-humidity index (THI) and accumulated heat load units (AHLU) during a day (06:00 h to 18:00 h). Factor analysis and cluster analysis was applied to group cowsheds of SDFs into clusters where SDFs in the cluster had the same cowshed characteristics. Multivariable linear models were applied to define the parameters most likely to inform future research into heat stress mitigation on SDF. Averaged from 08:00 h to 18:00 h, microclimate inside the cowsheds was considered hot (HLI > 79) in the highland and very hot (HLI > 86) in the lowland regions. Cows in the lowland regions accumulated high heat load (AHLU > 50) by 18:00 h. Cowsheds of SDFs varied widely and grouped into seven cowshed types, but no type was more effective than others in reducing heat stress conditions within cowsheds. Using roof soakers together with fans decreased AT and HLI by 1.3 °C and 3.2 units, respectively, at 14:00 h compared to 11:00 h. Each 100 m increase in altitude was associated with decreases of 0.4 °C in AT, 1.3 units in HLI and 0.8 units in THI (p < 0.001). Each meter increase in the eave height of the cowshed roof was associated with decreases of 0.87 °C in AT, 3.31 units in HLI and 1.42 units in THI, and an increase of 0.14 m/s in AS (p < 0.05). The cowshed parameters that should be prioritised for future research into the amelioration of heat stress in SDF cows include using the roof soakers together with fans, increasing altitude, eave roof height and floor area per cow.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Tang, Qi, Bei Ma, Yuli Zhao, Li Zhao, Zhenye Zhang, Han Gao, Wenjie Liu, Linfeng Li, Yi Chen, and Linlin Xie. "Soluble Dietary Fiber Significance against Obesity in a Western China Population." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (October 12, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5754160.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate whether soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) could protect against obesity by influencing weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat rate (BFR), visceral fat rate (VFR), or waistline. Methods. We examined obese adult patients from western China at 0 and 3 weeks after an SDF diet. Index assessments of obesity including height, weight, BMI, BFR, VFR, and waistline were carried out. We used the Mann–Whitney U test to examine the difference between the usual diet and the SDF group. Results. Weight, BMI, BFR, and waistline were reduced in both the control group and the SDF group ( P < 0.001 ). The reduction of the four indices in the SDF group was significantly higher than in the control group ( P < 0.001 ). Higher intake of various SDFs has significantly reduced the weight, BMI, BFR, and waistline than the usual diet group in obesity. Conclusion. Our results indicated that increased intake of SDFs in the diet of obese patients would protect against obesity in the first 3 weeks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Dong, Chunlei, Xiao Meng, Lixin Guo, and Jiamin Hu. "3D Sea Surface Electromagnetic Scattering Prediction Model Based on IPSO-SVR." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (September 18, 2022): 4657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184657.

Full text

Abstract:

An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm-Support Vector Regression Machine (IPSO-SVR) prediction model is developed in this paper to predict the electromagnetic (EM) scattering coefficients of the three-dimensional (3D) sea surface for large scenes in real-time. At first, the EM scattering model of the 3D sea surface is established based on the Semi-Deterministic Facet Scattering Model (SDFSM), and the validity of SDFSM is verified by comparing with the measured data. Using the SDFSM, the data set of backscattering coefficients from 3D sea surface is generated for different polarizations as the training samples. Secondly, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed by combining the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The combined algorithm is utilized to optimize the parameters and train the SVR to build a regression prediction model. In the end, the extrapolated prediction for backscattering coefficients of the 3D sea surface is performed. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the IPSO-SVR-based prediction model is less than 1.2 dB, and the correlation coefficients are higher than 91%. And the prediction accuracy of the PSO-SVR-based, GA-SVR-based and IPSO-SVR-based prediction models is compared. The average RMSE of the PSO-SVR-based and GA-SVR-based prediction models is 1.4241 dB and 1.6289 dB, respectively. While the average RMSE of the IPSO-SVR-based prediction model is reduced to 1.1006 dB. Besides, the average correlation coefficient of the PSO-SVR-based and GA-SVR-based prediction models is 94.36% and 93.93%, respectively. While the average correlation coefficient of the IPSO-SVR-based prediction model reached 95.12%. It demonstrated that the IPSO-SVR-based prediction model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy compared with the PSO-SVR-based and GA-SVR-based prediction models. Moreover, the simulation time of IPSO-SVR-based prediction model is significantly decreased compared with the SDFSM, and the speedup ratio is greater than 15.0. Therefore, the prediction model in this paper has practical application in the real-time computation of sea surface scattering coefficients in large scenes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Tsao, Ming-Sound, Sophie Marguet, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Frances A. Shepherd, Lesley Seymour, Robert Kratzke, et al. "Subtype Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma Predicts Benefit From Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Complete Resection." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 30 (October 20, 2015): 3439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.58.8335.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The classification for invasive lung adenocarcinoma by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, and WHO is based on the predominant histologic pattern—lepidic (LEP), papillary (PAP), acinar (ACN), micropapillary (MIP), or solid (SOL)—present in the tumor. This classification has not been tested in multi-institutional cohorts or clinical trials or tested for its predictive value regarding survival from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Patients and Methods Of 1,766 patients in the IALT, JBR.10, CALGB 9633 (Alliance), and ANITA ACT trials included in the LACE-Bio study, 725 had adenocarcinoma. Histologies were reclassified according to the new classification and then collapsed into three groups (LEP, ACN/PAP, and MIP/SOL). Primary end point was overall survival (OS); secondary end points were disease-free survival (DFS) and specific DFS (SDFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated through multivariable Cox models stratified by trial. Prognostic value was estimated in the observation arm and predictive value by a treatment effect interaction with histologic subgroups. Significance level was set at .01 for pooled analysis. Results A total of 575 patients were included in this analysis. OS was not prognostically different between histologic subgroups, but univariable DFS and SDFS were worse for MIP/SOL compared with LEP or ACN/PAP subgroup (P < .01); this remained marginally significant after adjustment. MIP/SOL patients (but not ACN/PAP) derived DFS and SDFS but not OS benefit from ACT (OS: HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.99; interaction P = .18; DFS: HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.82; interaction P = < .01; and SDFS: HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.81; interaction P = .01). Conclusion The new lung adenocarcinoma classification based on predominant histologic pattern was not predictive for ACT benefit for OS, but it seems predictive for disease-specific outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Anjard, C., W. T. Chang, J. Gross, and W. Nellen. "Production and activity of spore differentiation factors (SDFs) in Dictyostelium." Development 125, no. 20 (October 15, 1998): 4067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.20.4067.

Full text

Abstract:

SDF-1 and SDF-2 are peptides that promote terminal spore differentiation under submerged conditions. The present study shows that they accumulate differentially and are released during the development of wild-type cells and can promote spore formation in cells disaggregated from wild-type culminants. SDF-1 accumulates during the slug stage and is released in a single burst at the onset of culmination while SDF-2 accumulates during early culmination and is released in a single burst from mid-culminants. The effects of SDF-1 and SDF-2 on stalk cell formation in cell monolayers were investigated. SDF-1 by itself induces stalk cell formation in some strains and also synergizes with the stalk-cell-inducing factor, DIF-1. cAMP has an inhibitory effect on stalk cell formation when either DIF-1 or SDF-1 are present on their own but is almost not inhibitory when both are present. SDF-2 alone does not induce stalk cell formation and appears to inhibit the response to DIF-1. At the same time, it increases the extent of vacuolization of the stalk cells that are produced. We propose that the release of SDF-1 and then of SDF-2 may mark irreversible steps in the developmental programme associated, respectively, with culmination and spore maturation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kan, Raymond, and Cesare Robotti. "Comment on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (2020): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbaa001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Hansen, Lars Peter. "Comment on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (2020): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbaa003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Antoine, Bertille, Kevin Proulx, and Eric Renault. "Rejoinder on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (2020): 776–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nbaa019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Ludvigson, Sydney C. "Comment on: Pseudo-True SDFs in Conditional Asset Pricing Models." Journal of Financial Econometrics 18, no. 4 (August 27, 2018): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nby018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Liu, Jiahao, Fang Wang, Lingfang Zeng, Dan Feng, and Tingwei Zhu. "SDFS: A software‐defined file system for multitenant cloud storage." Software: Practice and Experience 49, no. 3 (November 13, 2018): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/spe.2663.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Chabi-Yo, Fousseni, and Riccardo Colacito. "The Term Structures of Coentropy in International Financial Markets." Management Science 65, no. 8 (August 2019): 3541–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.3017.

Full text

Abstract:

We propose a new entropy-based correlation measure (coentropy) to evaluate the performance of international asset pricing models. Coentropy captures the codependence of two random variables beyond normality. We document that the coentropy of international stochastic discount factors (SDFs) can be decomposed into a series of entropy-based correlations of permanent and transitory components of the SDFs. We employ the cross section of G-10 countries to obtain model-free estimates of all the components of coentropy at various horizons and we show that the generalization of the long-run risk model featuring two predictable components of consumption growth rates, global disasters, and recursive preferences can account for the composition of codependence at all horizons. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Frolov, Sergey M., Vladislav S. Ivanov, Fedor S. Frolov, Pavel A. Vlasov, Richard Axelbaum, Phillip H. Irace, Grigoriy Yablonsky, and Kendyl Waddell. "Soot Formation in Spherical Diffusion Flames." Mathematics 11, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11020261.

Full text

Abstract:

In the period from 2019 to 2022, the joint American–Russian space experiment (SE) Flame Design (Adamant) was carried out on the International Space Station (ISS). The purpose of the joint SE was to study the mechanisms of control of soot formation in a spherical diffusion flame (SDF) formed around a porous sphere (PS), and the radiative extinction of the SDF under microgravity conditions. The objects of this study were “normal” and “inverse” SDFs of gaseous ethylene in an oxygen atmosphere with nitrogen addition at room temperature and pressures ranging from 0.5 to 2 atm. A normal flame is a flame formed in an oxidizing atmosphere when fuel is supplied through the PS. An inverse flame is a flame formed in a fuel atmosphere when an oxidizer is introduced through the PS. This article presents the results of calculations of soot formation in normal and inverse SDFs. The calculations are based on a one-dimensional non-stationary model of diffusion combustion of gases with detailed kinetics of ethylene oxidation, supplemented by a macrokinetic mechanism of soot formation. The results indicate that soot formation in normal and inverse SDFs is concentrated in the region where the local C/O atomic ratio and local temperature satisfy the conditions 0.32 < C/O < 0.44 and T > 1300–1500 K.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Zhao, Hua, Lixin Guo, Tiange Chen, and Wei Liu. "Electromagnetic scattering of coated objects over sea surface based on SBR-SDFSM." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 32, no. 9 (December 27, 2017): 1079–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2017.1417917.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Tan, Xingyi, Gang Xu, Youchang Jiang, and Dahua Ren. "Bipolar Magnetic and Thermospin Transport Properties of Graphene Nanoribbons with Zigzag and Klein Edges." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (December 6, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1792405.

Full text

Abstract:

Magnetic nanoribbons based on one-dimensional materials are potential candidates for spin caloritronics devices. Here, we constructed ferromagnetic graphene nanoribbons with zigzag and Klein edges (N-ZKGNRs, N = 4–21) and found that the N-ZKGNRs are in the indirect-gap bipolar magnetic semiconducting state (BMS). Moreover, when a temperature difference is applied through the nanoribbons, spin-dependent currents with opposite flow directions and opposite spin directions are generated, indicating the occurrence of the spin-dependent Seebeck effect (SDSE). In addition, the spin-dependent Seebeck diode effect (SDSD) also appeared in these devices. More importantly, we found that the BMS with a larger bandgap is promising for generating the SDSD, while the BMS with a smaller bandgap is promising for generating the SDSE. These findings show that ZKGNRs are promising candidates for spin caloritronics devices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

MA, JUN, SHOUYANG WANG, and K. K. LAI. "SHILL BIDDING IN ONLINE ENGLISH AUCTIONS WITH A RANDOM NUMBER OF BIDDERS." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 03, no. 04 (December 2004): 539–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622004001239.

Full text

Abstract:

Shill bidding has increased substantially with the explosion in the number of online auctions. For English auctions with conventional intermediation fee schedules and a continuous increment of the bid, sellers may profit from shill bidding, which is illegal. To deter shill bidding, Wang et al.31 designed a mechanism — the shill-deterrent fee schedule (SDFS) which makes shill bidding unprofitable. This paper analyzes the feasibility of applying SDFS rules to both single round and multi-round English auctions in a framework of independent private value (IPV) with a random number of bidders. It is shown that most of the results in Wang et al.31 remain true at our cases. In addition, we also propose an approach for sellers to reset the subsequent reserves in multi-round English auctions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Sánchez-Badillo, Joel, Marco Gallo, Ricardo A. Guirado-López, and Jorge López-Lemus. "Thermodynamic, structural and dynamic properties of ionic liquids [C4mim][CF3COO], [C4mim][Br] in the condensed phase, using molecular simulations." RSC Advances 9, no. 24 (2019): 13677–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02058f.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Finean, Mark Nicholas, Wolfgang Merkt, and Ioannis Havoutis. "Predicted Composite Signed-Distance Fields for Real-Time Motion Planning in Dynamic Environments." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 31 (May 17, 2021): 616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v31i1.16010.

Full text

Abstract:

We present a novel framework for motion planning in dynamic environments that accounts for the predicted trajectories of moving objects. We explore the use of composite signed-distance fields in motion planning and detail how they can be used to generate signed-distance fields (SDFs) in real-time to incorporate predicted obstacle motions; to achieve this, we introduce the concept of predicted signed-distance fields. We benchmark our approach of using composite SDFs against performing exact SDF calculations on the workspace occupancy grid. Our proposed technique generates predictions substantially faster and typically exhibits an 81-97% reduction in time for subsequent predictions. We integrate our framework with GPMP2 to demonstrate a full implementation of our approach in real-time, enabling a 7-DoF Panda manipulator to smoothly avoid a moving obstacle in simulation and hardware experiments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Bang, Nguyen N., Nguyen V. Chanh, Nguyen X. Trach, Duong N. Khang, Ben J. Hayes, John B. Gaughan, Russell E. Lyons, Nguyen T. Hai, and David M. McNeill. "Issues of Feeding Strategy for Lactating Cows in Vietnamese Smallholder Dairy Farms." Animals 11, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030729.

Full text

Abstract:

A limited literature suggests relatively simple feeding regimes and diet formulation strategies for dairy cows in Vietnamese smallholder dairy farms (SDFs). This study aimed to classify and compare feeding regimes and nutrient balance for lactating cows between four typical dairy regions (south lowland, south highland, north lowland, and north highland) in Vietnam and evaluate the possibility of systematic dietary imbalance. Eight SDFs from each of the four regions were visited for two adjacent milking periods per farm. For each visit, frequency and methods of feed and water supply to the lactating cows were recorded, and individual fat corrected milk yield (ECM) of lactating cows were calculated from milk yield and fat concentration. The amount of each diet ingredient offered and refused by each lactating group was weighed and sampled for calculation of dry matter intake per cow (DMI) and analysis of nutrient composition in the component offered. PCDairy, a diet formulation computer model, was used to calculate actual and recommended dietary nutrient concentrations and predict potential milk production. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, and ANOVA were applied to determine grouping effects across as well as between regions. Feeding regimes and diets were grouped into three and nine clusters, respectively. Farmers in the same region tended to apply similar diets and feeding regimes. Across regions, only 47% of all SDFs supplied water ad libitum to the cows. The most used roughages including Napier grass, corn silage, fresh corn with cob, and rice straw were all relatively high in neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL). The diets in all regions were excessive in crude protein, NDF, ADF, ADL, and most minerals (Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn) but insufficient in net energy and non-fibre carbohydrate. Feed efficiency (1.06 kg FCM/kg DMI) of the diets were sub-optimal. Feeding regimes and dietary nutrient balance of the south lowland SDFs were most problematic. Increasing dietary net energy concentration by increasing the use of starch and fat and decreasing dietary fibre concentration by decreasing the use of Napier grass or rice straw to balance the diets might help improve the milk production and thereby increase feed efficiency.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Bianchini, Devis, Valeria De Antonellis, and Michele Melchiori. "P2P-SDSD: on-the-fly service-based collaboration in distributed systems." International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies 5, no. 3 (2010): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmso.2010.034046.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Zdradzinski, Michael J., Michael P. Phelan, and Sharon E. Mace. "Impact of Frailty and Sociodemographic Factors on Hospital Admission From an Emergency Department Observation Unit." American Journal of Medical Quality 32, no. 3 (April 26, 2016): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860616644779.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding factors associated with an increased risk of hospital admission from emergency department (ED) observation units (OUs) could be valuable in disposition decisions. To evaluate the impact of frailty and sociodemographic factors (SDFs) on admission risk, patients in an ED OU were surveyed. Survey measures included SDFs, social habits, and frailty measured by the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living. Of 306 surveyed, 18% were admitted and 82% were discharged. Demographics were similar between groups. More admitted patients responded positively to the Katz Index (28% vs 13%, P = .007; odds ratio = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.35-5.51). College graduation and current employment favored the discharge group, while admitted patients were more likely to receive Social Security disability insurance. Frailty remained associated with admission on multivariable analysis. Frailty, disability insurance, and lower education are predictors of admission from an OU and could serve as screening criteria in disposition decisions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

BROWNLIE, SUSIE, CHARL DE VILLIERS, AMANDA DRIVER, NANCY JOB, AMREI VON HASE, and KRISTAL MAZE. "SYSTEMATIC CONSERVATION PLANNING IN THE CAPE FLORISTIC REGION AND SUCCULENT KAROO, SOUTH AFRICA: ENABLING SOUND SPATIAL PLANNING AND IMPROVED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 07, no. 02 (June 2005): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333205001992.

Full text

Abstract:

The Cape Floristic Region (CFR) and Succulent Karoo are global biodiversity hotspots. The CFR is one of six plant kingdoms worldwide. The CFR and most of the Succulent Karoo lie within South Africa. South Africa has ratified the Biodiversity Convention, and must accordingly safeguard its biodiversity. Environmental assessment (EA) can help to achieve this end. Environmental legislation in South Africa requires EA for activities at project, not strategic level. However, strategic environmental assessment has been mandatory since 2000 for preparing municipal spatial development frameworks (SDFs). By setting targets for ecosystem conservation and providing thresholds of significance, systematic conservation planning can make a significant contribution to the sound preparation of SDFs, and effective EA at planning and project levels. In South Africa, the integration of systematic conservation planning with spatial planning and EA is recent. Based on examples, the main challenges for the future are identified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Pannucharoenwong, Nattadon, Phadungsak Rattanadecho, Snunkhaem Echaroj, Suwipong Hemathulin, and Kriengkrai Nabudda. "The Investigation of Heat Absorber on the Efficiency of Slanted Double-Slope Solar Distillation Unit." International Journal of Heat and Technology 38, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.380308.

Full text

Abstract:

A rise in utility consumption in rural areas have promoted the demand for the development of solar-based technologies for water purification system. This research aimed to develop a slanted double-slope solar distillation unit (SDSD) assisted by heat absorbers, which is employed as a distillation unit for generating clear distilled water from underground water. The prototype SDSD distillation unit developed in this research was evaluated based on production efficiency, productivity, distillation rate and temperature measured at different locations inside the device. Significant parameters that were varied included the types of heat absorber used (gasket, rubber, aluminum, high carbon steel and zinc) and the size of heat absorber (10 to 90% of surface area inside the SDSD). Results demonstrated an increase in the production of distilled water as the surface area of heat absorber decreases. This is because a reduction in surface area of the heat absorber allowed a more intense sunlight to enter the system. Maximum productivity peaked at 1.2 liter per day (24.9% efficiency). Monitored data in both the upper and bottom part of the distillation unit revealed the highest distillation rate at 15:00 each day. Distillation rate decreases with water height and insulator’s thermal conductivity, but increase with water speed. Additionally, a mathematical model was proposed which was capable of accurately predicting the production efficiency and productivity as a function of the heat absorber’s size and distillation time. Under the same operating conditions, aluminum was found to generate the best results relative to other types of heat absorber.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Zhou, Zixin, Lina Cai, Peng Gao, Lili Yao, Kendrick Hii Ru Yie, Abdullrahman M. Al-Bishari, Lei Cai, Kexin Cai, Hualin Zhang, and Lihua Xu. "Enhancing osteoblast bioactivity through SDSSD peptide-immobilized on the surface of zirconia implants." Materials Letters 307 (January 2022): 131010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.131010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Hu, Tingting, Jinmen Zhang, Xinrui Zhang, Yidan Chen, Renlong Zhang, and Kaijun Guo. "The Development of Smart Dairy Farm System and Its Application in Nutritional Grouping and Mastitis Prediction." Animals 13, no. 5 (February 23, 2023): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13050804.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to study the smart management of dairy farms, this study combined Internet of Things (IoT) technology and dairy farm daily management to form an intelligent dairy farm sensor network and set up a smart dairy farm system (SDFS), which could provide timely guidance for dairy production. To illustrate the concept and benefits of the SDFS, two application scenarios were sampled: (1) Nutritional grouping (NG): grouping cows according to the nutritional requirements by considering parities, days in lactation, dry matter intake (DMI), metabolic protein (MP), net energy of lactation (NEL), etc. By supplying feed corresponding to nutritional needs, milk production, methane and carbon dioxide emissions were compared with those of the original farm grouping (OG), which was grouped according to lactation stage. (2) Mastitis risk prediction: using the dairy herd improvement (DHI) data of the previous 4 lactation months of the dairy cows, logistic regression analysis was applied to predict dairy cows at risk of mastitis in successive months in order to make suitable measurements in advance. The results showed that compared with OG, NG significantly increased milk production and reduced methane and carbon dioxide emissions of dairy cows (p < 0.05). The predictive value of the mastitis risk assessment model was 0.773, with an accuracy of 89.91%, a specificity of 70.2%, and a sensitivity of 76.3%. By applying the intelligent dairy farm sensor network and establishing an SDFS, through intelligent analysis, full use of dairy farm data would be made to achieve higher milk production of dairy cows, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and predict in advance the occurrence of mastitis of dairy cows.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Bracken, Louise, Rober Habashy, Emma McDonough, Fiona Wilson, Joanne Shakeshaft, Udeme Ohia, Tamar Garcia-Sorribes, Abdullah Isreb, Mohamed A. Alhnan, and Matthew Peak. "Creating Acceptable Tablets 3D (CAT 3D): A Feasibility Study to Evaluate the Acceptability of 3D Printed Tablets in Children and Young People." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 3 (February 25, 2022): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14030516.

Full text

Abstract:

3D printing (3DP) has been proposed as a novel approach for personalising dosage forms for children and young people (CYP). Owing to its low cost and the lack of need for finishing steps, fused deposing modelling (FDM) 3DP has been heavily researched in solid dosage forms (SDFs) manufacturing. However, the swallowability and overall acceptability of 3D printed dosage forms are yet to be established. This work is the first to evaluate the acceptability of different sized 3D printed placebo SDFs in CYP (aged 4–12 years). All participants had previously participated in a feasibility study (CAT study) that assessed the swallowability and acceptability of different sized GMP manufactured placebo conventional film-coated tablets, and therefore only attempted to swallow one 3D printed tablet. The participants assessed the swallowability, acceptability, mouthfeel, volume of water consumed, and taste of the sample using a 5-point hedonic facial scale on a participant questionnaire. A total of 30 participants were recruited, 87% of whom successfully swallowed the 3D printed tablet that they attempted to take. Attributes of the 3D printed tablets were scored as acceptable by the following percentage of participants—swallowability (80%), mouthfeel/texture (87%), the volume of water consumed (80%), taste (93%), and overall acceptability (83%). Overall, 77% of children reported they would be happy to take the tablet every day if it was a medicine. Participants were also asked which tablets felt better in the mouth—the film-coated tablets or the 3D printed tablets, and the most popular response (43%) was that both were acceptable. This study shows that FDM-based 3D printed SDFs may be a suitable dosage form for children aged 4–12 years. The results from this feasibility study will be used to inform a larger, definitive study looking at the acceptability of 3D printed tablets in children.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Brambilla, Elisabeth, Gwénaël Le Teuff, Sophie Marguet, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Ariane Dunant, Stephen Graziano, Robert Pirker, et al. "Prognostic Effect of Tumor Lymphocytic Infiltration in Resectable Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 11 (April 10, 2016): 1223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.0970.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Tumor lymphocytic infiltration (TLI) has differing prognostic value among various cancers. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of TLI in lung cancer. Patients and Methods A discovery set (one trial, n = 824) and a validation set (three trials, n = 984) that evaluated the benefit of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy in non–small-cell lung cancer were used as part of the LACE-Bio (Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin Evaluation Biomarker) study. TLI was defined as intense versus nonintense. The main end point was overall survival (OS); secondary end points were disease-free survival (DFS) and specific DFS (SDFS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs associated with TLI were estimated through a multivariable Cox model in both sets. TLI-histology and TLI-treatment interactions were explored in the combined set. Results Discovery and validation sets with complete data included 783 (409 deaths) and 763 (344 deaths) patients, respectively. Median follow-up was 4.8 and 6 years, respectively. TLI was intense in 11% of patients in the discovery set compared with 6% in the validation set (P < .001). The prognostic value of TLI in the discovery set (OS: HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.81; P = .002; DFS: HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.83; P = .002; SDFS: HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.82; P = .003) was confirmed in the validation set (OS: HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.85; P = .01; DFS: HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.78; P = .005; SDFS: HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.80; P = .008) with no heterogeneity across trials (P ≥ .38 for all end points). No significant predictive effect was observed for TLI (P ≥ .78 for all end points). Conclusion Intense lymphocytic infiltration, found in a minority of tumors, was validated as a favorable prognostic marker for survival in resected non–small-cell lung cancer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Pradhan, Surendra K., Josiane Nikiema, Olufunke O. Cofie, Helvi Heinonen-Tanski, and Pay Drechsel. "Fecal sludge-derived pellet fertilizer in maize cultivation." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2016): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.160.

Full text

Abstract:

Fecal sludge (FS) contains significant amounts of plant nutrients and organic matter although it also contains pathogens. Therefore, FS can be used as fertilizer after proper sanitization. This study was designed to test dried fecal sludge (DFS)-based pellet fertilizers on maize cultivation. The DFS fertilizers were produced by composting, co-composting with sawdust, or irradiated by gamma-irradiation, and then nitrogen-enriched and pelletized using gelatinized or gamma-irradiated cassava starch. These DFS pellet fertilizers were compared to each other and to no-fertilization, mineral fertilizer, and agro-industrial waste compost. The fertilizer applications were 150 or 210 kgN/ha. Maize was cultivated in pots containing Cambisol and Ferric Lixisol growth media. The EC-SDFS-PG pellet (DFS + sawdust co-composted, enriched with nitrogen and pelletized) at a rate of 210 kgN/ha produced the highest maize yield (4.4 ton/ha) among all other treatments, while mineral fertilizer produced 3.9 ton/ha. It is concluded that the EC-SDFS-PG pellet produces similar or higher maize yields than mineral fertilizer and more than the agro-industrial compost in both growth media types.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Sdfsd'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles