Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sculpture – XXe siècle'
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Varia, Radu. "Brancusi : une recherche du spirituel dans l'art du XXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0335.
Full textConstantin brancusi, the greatest sculptor of modern times, was born at the very centre of the landspace between the carpathian mountains and the danube. A repository of europe's most ancient civilisations, this is an environment particularly conducive to vivid awareness of the values of the archaic consciousness, perpetuated through primary, primeval forms, unmodified by time, remaining contemporaneous with its own eternity. Each time a genius brings out the archaic structure in a work that resuscitates and revitalises it, the work itself becomes contemporaneous with its origins. Brancusi would recreate the monumentality, the same urge for lastigness, the same radiant purity of primary forms that characterised the sacred sculpture and architecture of ancient egypt. Egyptian in its form, hinu its spiritual quest (the sculptor's favorite reading was the jetsun kahbum, with its teachings of the elventh century tibetan monk milarepa), brancusi's art also exudes the full force of its celtic inspiration. This study, based largely on documents which are revealed here for the first time, seeks to analyse and clarify these various aspects of the spiritual approach in brancusi's work, considered from the formal, mystical and mathematical angles
Le, Follic-Hadida Stéphanie. "L'oiseau dans la sculpture du XXe siècle : animal, emblème, vol, envol et apesanteur." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010672.
Full textRionnet, Florence. "Le rôle de la Maison Barbedienne (1834-1954) dans la diffusion de la sculpture aux XIXe et XXe siècles : considérations sur les bronzes d’édition et l’histoire du goût." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040092.
Full textThe Maison Barbedienne was founded in 1834 and was one of the most important companies of art bronzes in the 19th century in France. As early as 1838, the founder of the company, Ferdinand Barbedienne (1810-1892), formed a partnership with Achille Collas (1795-1859) – the man who invented the process for the automatic reduction of statues. This enabled him to widely spread the production of small bronzes in series. His success resulted mostly from his policy and commercial strategy. His choice of an “academic” catalogue – close to the prevailing taste – fits the wishes of his middle class clients, who requested safe values. He managed to distinguish himself from the other founders by using fashionable living artists such as Antonin Mercié or Paul Dubois. His regular attendance at the Expositions Universelles and the numerous prizes that he won favoured the extension of the company which counted several hundred workers at the beginning of the Third Republic. This Golden Age ended at the turn of the century, when small-size industrial sculpture partly lost its appeal because clients began to request “originality”, and sculptors asked for more control. Gustave Leblanc-Barbedienne (1849-1945), Ferdinand’s nephew and successor, and his son Jules (1882-1961) failed to give a new impetus to the company in spite of their efforts. The company disappeared in December 1954, as a result of the depressed economic climate which followed the 1929 crisis and the 2nd World War and – above all – due to the general lack of appreciation of artistic bronzes and the values that they conveyed
Monvoisin, Alain. "Analyse d'une procédure "in progress" à la lumière des modes de liaison utilisés dans quelques systèmes sculpturaux du XXe siècle, de l'objet au site." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081316.
Full textThis thesis is on plastic arts. It questions a personal artistic work which uses different media (painting, sculpture, object, photography. . . ) and which belongs to the form of art most often called installation. Its generic title is le monde est tout ce qui arrive (named lmetcqa for short), referring to the first proposition of the tractatus logico-philosophicus of ludwig wittgenstein. This work has been going on for several years, taking the form of a "work in progress". However, the thesis itself is the study of a sequence lasting only a few months which is made up of 10 stages. The principle is that each installation grows richer than the precedent through the addition of new elements at the same time as some other elements transmit from one installation to the next, taking on different functions and spatial positions. The constitutive elements come from extracting operations out the real or from previous personal works which apply in the new context. This thesis analyses the technical, conceptual, linguistic bindind modes which link the different constituents of the elements, the elements in relation to one another as well as the installative stages (in relation to one another), taking inspiration from certain representative works of art selected from the history of 20th century western sculpture, and more particularly from those which were not conceived in a monolithic way
Gleyze, Valentin. "Alina Szapocznikow à Paris (1963-1973) : une histoire culturelle du champ élargi de la sculpture en France au tournant des années 1960." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REN20042.
Full textThe last decade of the Polish sculptor Alina Szapocznikow's (1926-1973) career in Paris is a particularly rich case study for art history. Indeed, while the artist's work between her establishment in the French capital in 1963 and her death in 1973 belonged to sculpture, she challenged its traditional means. Its use of plastic, moulding and readymade objects, its increasing dematerialisation (in connection with conceptual art) and its utilitarian status (in the case of design objects) pushes its towards what has been called the "expanded field" of this medium, in a very singular way. The thesis thus aims to open up Szapocznikow's work in the light of a cultural history of this expanded field of sculpture, situating it within a history of materials, exhibitions, art criticism and the market, and placing it in dialogue with other artists of its time. Our study is divided into two parts which are two unfoldings of Szapocznikow's production in Paris. The first part looks at Szapocznikow and other artists' experiments with the utilitarian object, in the wake of the 1962 exhibition "Antagonismes 2 – L'Objet" at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, which sparked a vital debate about the role played by artists in inventing "useful forms”. The second part focuses on Szapocznikow's final years, when her experience of cancer reviving the trauma of the concentration camps results in an individual mythology that serves a narrative of the self as a body preparing for imminent death
Autissier, Anne. "La sculpture romane en Bretagne, XIe-XIIe siècles." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT5010.
Full textKern, Pierre-Gilles. "Autour de la Ruche, les cités d’artistes à Paris (XIXe-XXe siècles)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040094.
Full textThis thesis treats the phenomenon of Parisian artist’s gathered in a hundred groups of private houses since two centuries. The first part deals with the origin of this movement concerning, at the beginning, official artists with “le Louvre”, since the reign of Henri IV, then “la Sorbonne”, in particular, from the years 1800 to 1820 ; this reality has been spreading out progressively at the less well-off artists, installed at the end of century XIXth in places like “la Cité Falguière”, “la Cité fleurie”, “la Villa des arts”, “le Bateau-Lavoir”. The second part concentrates on the analysis of the first years to 1945 of a special colony but representing the whole, “la Ruche” : its creator, the sculptor Alfred Boucher, opened indiscriminately the city in 1902 for painters, sculptors, musicians. . . Frenchmen as well as foreigners, then the period of the First World War, with its refugees, who modified this community up to its decline. The third part proposes, on the one hand, from the thirties up to today, the study of the principal new places, exp : “Montmartre aux artistes”, “la Cité internationale des arts”, the problem concerning groups of private houses demolitions, the actual ways of occupation ; on the other hand, the new development of “la Ruche”, which is well known and an art seller, made an active copy in Japan
Derrot, Sophie. "Michel Liénard (1810-1870) : luxuriance et modestie de l'ornement au XIXe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4009.
Full textThe ornemanist occupies an essential but hardely well defined place in the creative processes of the decorative arts world of the ninteenth century. Michel Liénard (1810-1870) takes place in the heart of the society of ornament; he is one of these curious artists, involved in many decorative fields, both turned to past and contantely looking for progress and innovation. As a specialist of the néo-Renaissance style and ecclecticism in general, Michel Liénard collaborated with the great names of the time: the goldsmith François-Désiré Froment-Meurice as well as the furniture house of the Grohé brothers or the organ maker Aristide Cavaillé-Coll. His works are related to religious sculpture (royal chapel of Dreux, Sainte-Clotilde church in Paris), interior decoration (palace of the Ministry of Foreign Affaires in Paris) or Haussmann's renovation of the capital. This biographical study goes along with a repertory of the artists who Liénard sees during his carrier (ornamentists, sculptors, architects, company heads) and who are often related to one another by professional and personnal bounds
Flammin, Anne. "La sculpture du VIe au Xe siècle entre Loire et Gironde." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT5015.
Full textVanderheyde, Catherine. "La sculpture architecturale méso byzantine empire du Xe au XIIIe siècle." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010682.
Full textThe subject of the thesis concerns the study of the middle-byzantine architectural sculpture of Epiros. All in all, 235 reliefs - of which 76 are unpublished - from the 10th to the 13th century are gathered in a catalogue. The history of the places from which the reliefs come has been studied in the first part of the thesis. The second part deals with the stones, the tools and the carving techniques used by the sculptor. The third part is a thorough study of the reliefs' patterns. These three parts of the thesis show the main characteristics of the mesobyzantine sculpture of Epiros. Beside the archaeological discoveries (sculptors' workshops, patterns' diffusion,. . . ). This study proves the existence of an urban development in epiros in the mesobyzantine period, before the birth of the despotate
Gheerardyn, Claire. "La Statue dans la ville : littératures européennes, russes et américaines à la rencontre des monuments (XIXe - XXIe siècles)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC021.
Full textBringing together a broad corpus of texts written in many different languages, this dissertation explores the intersections between literature and sculpture. The starting point is the monument, an object that stands as a “social total fact”, condensing politics, ideologies, religion and aesthetics. Literature can help monuments to alter their beholders, to glorify heroes, to signify history, to build up and edify society, or to respond to distress. More often, it appropriates, subverts or debunks those acts via strategies of “textual iconoclasm”, proving that monuments cannot withstand the test of reality and fail to keep their promises. Literature aims therefore at renewing monuments, making them lighter by opening them to compassion and finitude. Thus recreated, statues in cities can point the beholders towards the sacred, or accommodate magic. Literature manages so to reinvent a polysemy around devices designed to hold an authority, and that were supposed to reinforce a monosemy
Bertoni, Cren Nadia. "La sculpture sur bois polychrome des XIe et XIIe siècles en Bourgogne." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL030/document.
Full textFor the first time, the corpus of Roman wood sculptures from Burgundy is gathered together in a catalogue, with added photographic documents and bibliography. The twenty-five sculptures are listed and studied from a stylistic, iconographic and technical point of view. In the XIIth century, an actual school of monastic wood sculpture seemed to develop within the boundaries of the duchy of Burgundy, bringing a great diversity as far as formal and technical contributions are concerned. The sculptures that are the most representative to help the understanding of those numerous contributions are thoroughly studied. Their stylistic relationships with manuscripts dating back from the Carolingian Renaissance, with the Ottonian sculpture and the contemporary monumental stone sculpture, are pointed out with the analysis of internal characteristics, setting apart different formal languages. The iconographic description shows the specific denotation used in the representation of the holy character. The technical processes of creation are compared through the direct examination of the sculptures and through the collection of usable information. For several pieces, a new dating was suggested; new sculptures and specific artists are brought to notice.The contributions of the wood sculpture from the Auvergne region are specified. The tradition of inserting relics into sculptures is put in relation to the relatively important influence it can have on the building of the shape. One chapter is dedicated to the methodology in the study of wood sculptures’ polychromes. The conservators-restorers play a crucial part in the act of scientifically collecting information attesting the evolution of artistic techniques. Some suggestions are put forward to improve the processes of examination and the collecting of information
Gatineau-Helbronner, Evelyne. "Catalogue raisonné des sculptures du XIXe siècle (1800-1914) des musées de Bordeaux." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040235.
Full textThe vision of the collection of Bordeaux seems kaleidoscopic. Even after the completion of the Museum in 1881, the sculptures were often moved. That statuary art will not be rediscovered before the seventies. However, the collection has been constituted by a logical way, throughout the National deposits, the purchases realized thanks to the local artistics societies, the donations and legacies or the municipal contribution Among the artists appear local sculptors. Many artists of Bordeaux have worked in others genres : ornemanist sculpture, religious or funerary art. By their side, we notice famous names : Dalou, Carpeaux, or Rodin. The collections of the Museum contain the models of public monuments, including the development projects of the place des Quinconces. From antique inspiration to decorative art, by the way of genre scenes and sculpture of animals, from neoclacissism to picturesque realism, the whole gathers together the genres and the styles expressed during the 19th century
Carminati, Pauline. "« Le Paradis en boutique ». L’édition de sculptures religieuses au XIXe siècle : la maison Raffl." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP031.
Full textThe XIXth century appears as the Golden Age of the multiple in sculpture. From the ambulant cast maker to the crowded factory, sculptural editions circulated under all kinds of shapes, using all kinds of materials, and throughout society. Catholicism didn’t stay away from this phenomenon, and was instrumental to its birth and growth. In order to account for it, this paper focuses on the study of one particular factory, which specialized in the production of religious sculpture: the « maison Raffl ». Going back to its origins in the late XVIIIth and following its evolution up until its dissolution in 1953, this dissertation retraces the emergence, heyday and demise of this type of sculptural production, commonly labelled « saint-sulpicienne », and sheds a new light on a little known area of religious art and church decoration, from the Concordat to the Second Vatican Council
Pallas, Basile. "De la vue au regard : littérature et photographies au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30055.
Full textIn the nineteenth century, photographs are first seen as true images. Produced mechanically, they would be the faithful copy of reality. This justified the belief in the truth of photographic images. From the earliest speeches made about it, photographs appeared as transparent images, giving nothing more to see than reality. This explains the postures of rejection generally adopted by writers and artists in the face of the photographic image, seen as the antithesis of art. Our work tries to show how, on the contrary, photography has been rendered in literary texts, to its visibility, that is, to its nature as a true image. To do this, we determine how the optical phenomenon of aberration, which is a deformation of the image, accounts for a line of thought which tries to conceive of photography as a vector of disturbances in its representation of reality. We then examine different manifestations of this phenomenon in literature. They are linked to a growing awareness of the materiality of the images and their particular mode of manufacture, but also of the defects opacifying what they represent. The attention given by certain writers to what we call the “photographic dimension” of photographs opens up multiple avenues to the poetics of texts and situates the photographic model beyond realism. The inquiry on photography in texts also makes it possible to measure the consequences of a belief in the truth of images, a belief that reveals itself, at different levels, as aberrant. Indeed, the fantasy of perfect visibility has not been apprehended only as a means of rational measurement of the world. The increased and excessive visibility of photography reveals, on the contrary, what is strangest and most disturbing in reality. The photographic model illuminates a fantastical representation of the world’s fantasies and hallucinations. The different phenomena studied then appear as the principal agents of derealization of the photographic image
Sioc'Han, De Kersabiec Angélique. "Charles Van der Stappen, 1843-1910: un artiste-sculpteur de la fin de siècle et la renaissance de la sculpture en Belgique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209498.
Full textAu fil des critiques qui commentent son œuvre, Charles Van der Stappen apparaît comme l’un des initiateurs d’une « renaissance » des arts en Belgique. La récurrence de ce terme de renaissance appliqué à Van der Stappen, est importante dans la revue L’Art moderne, dès 1883, et dans plusieurs autres journaux et publications jusqu’à la mort de l’artiste en 1911. Le livre de Georges-Olivier Destrée portant le titre The Renaissance of Sculpture in Belgium (en 1895 et rééd. en 1905) présente ainsi en couverture une sculpture de l’artiste. Dès lors, cette affirmation de « renaissance », qui commença par la littérature pour s’étendre avec la génération de Van der Stappen à la sculpture et aux arts décoratifs, apparaît à la fois révélatrice et problématique. Révélatrice en ce qu’elle synthétise la volonté de renouveau du monde artistique belge dans le dernier quart du XIXe siècle, problématique quant à l’analyse du rôle du sculpteur Van der Stappen dans ce renouveau et quant aux sources et au sens de ce renouveau. Cette thèse se base sur l’idée que le renouveau artistique de la sculpture au tournant du XIXe et du XXe siècle en Belgique est porté par le concept de renaissance et ne peut être dissocié du modèle esthétique et intellectuel de la Renaissance comprise en tant que période historique. Le concept de renaissance se définie comme l’affirmation collective d’une volonté d’innovation dans de nombreux domaines, innovation basée sur la réactualisation d’un modèle du passé. En analysant la réception des modèles de la Renaissance sur l’évolution de l’œuvre et la carrière de Van der Stappen un découpage s’impose entre trois périodes :la redécouverte, l’émulation et la transformation créative.
La trajectoire spécifique de l’artiste, initialement nourrie de ses séjours en Italie qu’il entreprit dès 1873 et de sa participation à l’atelier Portaels, l’amène à se confronter à l’art de la Renaissance italienne, à sa littérature et à ses techniques. Cette comparaison avec le passé le guide, selon le modèle d’une « réversion », vers une recherche de spécificité nationale, une volonté de sortir des modèles académiques et des structures officielles ainsi que vers plus de naturalisme en sculpture. En ceci, Van der Stappen tient une place majeure dans le renouveau de cette époque car il se trouve au carrefour d’un réseau d’artistes et d’hommes influents cherchant de nouvelles voies pour l’art.
Cependant, Van der Stappen ne se laissa pas enfermer dans un mouvement néo-renaissance et réussit à puiser dans l’histoire de la Renaissance italienne le modèle même et les concepts d’un renouveau de la sculpture de style individuel en Belgique. Sa conception de la sculpture comme un art intellectuel, un art libéral, son ouverture à l’essor des arts décoratifs sont les bases d’un renouveau de la sculpture que Charles Van der Stappen met en place dès les années 1880 et qu’il enseigna dans son atelier et à l’Académie des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles. Van der Stappen se fait dès lors artiste humaniste, puisant l’émulation dans les arts du passé, dans le décloisonnement entre beaux-arts, littérature et arts décoratifs. Au sein d’une nouvelle « République des Lettres », il pense la sculpture comme le « reflet d’une civilisation intellectuelle », selon son expression. Ses œuvres sculptées dialoguent dès lors avec les œuvres littéraires de ses amis Edmond Picard, Camille Lemonnier, Émile Verhaeren ou Stefan Zweig, avec l’art de Constantin Meunier ou Émile Claus et avec la musique de Vincent d’Indy, entre autres. L’instrumentalisation politique et artistique de la référence à une renaissance permet d’insérer Van der Stappen dans un vaste mouvement de renaissance des arts en Belgique qui commence par la rupture et par la voie d’une spécificité nationale :le naturalisme et l’idée.
Le renouvellement de la lecture de l’œuvre de Van der Stappen à l’aune de ce concept de renaissance explicite le passage subtil de ses œuvres du naturalisme au symbolisme. Sa technique basée sur la recherche du modelé plein, du volume étudié sous tous ses angles et du renouveau du relief, lui permet de créer des œuvres originales où la sculpture se fait composition symboliste de signes. Ainsi, nous avons abouti par nos recherches à une analyse inédite de la sculpture du Sphinx, œuvre majeure de l’artiste :depuis une figure issue du voyage de formation en Italie - La Florentine - jusqu’à la sculpture Art Nouveau, Le Sphinx mystérieux, ces bustes sont les variations de la représentation d’une seule et même idée. Les variations sculpturales de Van der Stappen sur le thème du sphinx s’imposent comme la représentation évolutive de l’inspiration, qui part de la tradition de la Renaissance et se déploie dans le mystère d’une représentation symboliste de la création artistique. Cette évolution constitue la contribution la plus originale de Van der Stappen à la sculpture du XIXe siècle. Ce même concept de renouveau est à confronter avec celui qui conduisit à l’éclosion de l’Art nouveau. La spécificité de l’œuvre de Charles Van der Stappen, est d’avoir surpassé les modèles de la Renaissance italienne et de l’humanisme en les adaptant à la société de son temps. Les deux derniers projets de monuments, au Travail et à l’Infinie Bonté, sont les exemples commentés de cette relecture renaissante. De nouveaux documents non analysés jusqu’ici et la mise en parallèle avec l’« art social » développé par Edmond Picard et avec la poésie d’Émile Verhaeren, permettent de donner une explication sur leur longue conception. L'étude des apports de Van der Stappen à l'art de son temps dans le contexte du Bruxelles fin de siècle, a servi à délimiter certaines caractéristiques du symbolisme sculptural qui tiennent pour cet artiste à un processus de synthèse :au niveau de la narration, il procède à une fusion des éléments symboliques, dans sa conception de la sculpture, il réunit l’art de la ligne avec celui du relief. Van der Stappen développe ainsi une sculpture du silence qui « parle » par ses propres moyens, ceux d’un déploiement de l’idée dans l’espace.
Via l’œuvre et l’enseignement de Van der Stappen, l’art de la sculpture, à partir des années 1890, s’est orienté vers un art plus personnel. L’étude directe de la nature, l’importance de la ligne dans la composition, la volonté d’instiller l’art dans tout, l’introspection des figures modelées, la représentation de l’idée selon des termes propres à la sculpture, sont les indices d’une recherche propre à Van der Stappen et plus largement d’une renaissance de la sculpture spécifique à la Belgique. La volonté de renouveau des arts à la fin du XIXe siècle et de l’intégration spécifique de la sculpture dans ce processus sont des clefs pour comprendre la sculpture de Van der Stappen et la replacer dans son temps. Van der Stappen reprend à son compte point par point la stratégie de l’artiste de la Renaissance pour s’affirmer dans son temps. Cette stratégie est tout autant individuelle que collective et c’est pourquoi nous avons souligné les liens réciproques entre le sculpteur et les personnages clefs de la fin de siècle à Bruxelles qu’étaient Edmond Picard, Octave Maus, Émile Verhaeren, Camille Lemonnier ou encore Constantin Meunier. Notre doctorat, consacré à l’œuvre de Van der Stappen, apporte donc de nouveaux éléments à l’étude des arts à la fin de siècle et souligne la place, auparavant sous-évaluée, de la sculpture dans la renaissance qui eut lieu dans le dernier quart du XIXe siècle en Belgique.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
BERTRAND, SYLVAINE. "Contribution à l'étude de la sculpture au XVe siècle : l'élaboration des oeuvres dans les ateliers bourguignons." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL026.
Full textFirst, a classification settles down around the important Burgundian statuary, in the form of a typological analysis. This analysis, establishing the nuance between notion of type and notion of style, attempts to clear up the allowed ambiguity of a so-called Burgundian style into which, however, many separate styles are combined. The typological sight of this study shows the serial principles of the workshop's production, and introduces the analysis of reproducing systems. Two- and three- dimensional models are in question. Within the framework of typological series, drawing seems to have been the more useful and plausible model, considering the geographical extension of many series. Moreover, as there is no identical copy inside the series, and as, on the other hand, there is a real recurrence of certain patterns, manifestly re-employable, no doubt that models were used in fractional way. In case of identical copies, there can be considered the use of three- dimensional models. The portrait, finally, is analyzed in the ducal context of Dijon. The third part replaces the activity of the ducal workshops in its living context. It makes the distinction between a prosperous first age, and the distorted age following the death of Philip the Bold in 1404. In the first period in the workshops of Jean de Marville and Claus Sluter, there is an intensive, hierarchical and regular activity that is detailed in the ducal accounts. In the second period, the workshop's chiefs, Claus de Werve, Jean de la Huerta, and Antoine le Moiturier, suffer from no regular payments, and from a precarious situation. On the other hand, this situation means the opening of the sculpture from Dijon on Burgundy since the first third of the XVth century, at the same time of the end of their exclusive ducal service. This opening on Burgundy, that involves the development of varied streams descended from the dijoner circle, brings to a stylistical analysis that attempts to distinguish the successive influences of the ducal sculptors
Guillouët, Jean-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude de la sculpture du XVe siècle : la façade de la cathédrale de Nantes." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040145.
Full textOpened by the Duke in april 1434, the building in Nantes of a new cathedral shows the beginning of a new architectural impetus in XVth century Brittany. By pursueing a policy of neutrality, often tinged with opportunism during the 100 year war, the duchy of Brittany drew many artists probably escaping the troubles in the kingdom and looking for new patrons. .
Cakpo, Érick. "Art chrétien en pays de mission : la sculpture d'inspiration chrétienne au Bénin, XVIIe-XXIe siècles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAK011.
Full textPapal texts such as Maximum Illud (1919) by Benedict XV or Rerum Ecclesiae (1926) by Pius XI show that the interwar period represented a watershed in missiological thought which gave a new impetus to missions. Hence a new strategy concerning Christian art in “mission countries” was adopted. Because it had beforehand been centred on Europe, the missionaries’ iconographical policy then consisted in creating a form of sacred art which fitted the various cultural characteristics of “mission countries” better. Armed with these tendencies and above all encouraged by the fact that local art could give noble expressions to Christian thought, the missionaries of “La Société des Missions Africaines” worked for the emergence of Christian art in Benin. Christian art in Benin is highly distinctive and the collections of this country boast a significant number of objects of Christian craftsmanship which deserve a thorough research work. Thus, as well as putting an iconographical corpus together, this thesis will describe the background of the works, examine their various functions, and analyse their successive paradigms which correspond to the new missiological perspective: inculturation
Grenier, Marlène. "Les artistes propagateurs de l'idéal allemand en art pictural et en sculpture au Canada au XIXe siècle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26215.pdf.
Full textDufour, Marie-Dominique. "Les salles capitulaires circulaires et polygonales du XIIe siècle au XVe siècle en Grande Bretagne." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010539.
Full textHendler, Joseph. "Le paragone, sa pratique, son déclin : la comparaison compétitive peinture-sculpture en Italie de la fin du XVe siècle au début du XVIIe siècle." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010555.
Full textGazave, Raphaëlle Maylis. "De Donatello à Jean Goujon : réceptions et enjeux nationaux de la sculpture de la Renaissance au XIXe siècle." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100008.
Full textThis thesis examines the perception of Renaissance sculpture in nineteenth-century Europe, in order to determine which stakes underlie its critical and artistic fortune. History of nineteenth-century French sculpture is studied in comparaison to European historiography of Renaissance statuary from 1805, date of the rediscovery of Cellini’s Vita original manuscript, to 1889, date of the first public exhibition of the Monument aux Bourgeois de Calais by Auguste Rodin. The interest for Renaissance sculpture picks up when Europe becomes divided between permanence of the classical model and the appearance of Romanticism. Renaissance sculpture is seen as a Golden Age. In painting as in sculpture, artistic creation reflects the birth of the myth of the Renaissance. Michelangelo becomes an exemplary figure of Art; Jean Goujon is his French counter-mode| (I). In the second half of the century, national stakes govern this European passion for the Renaissance statuary. The sculpture of the XVth and XVth centuries become the object of a cultural transfer between Italy and Germany. Dedicated to the worship of Gothic art, France and England, on their part, hesitate to celebrate Italian Renaissance. In particular, the development of Renaissance historicism in the French statuary leads on one hand to Paul Dubois’neostyle, and on the other to Rodin’s artistic renewal (II)
Mora, Nelson. "L'influence francaise en peinture et en sculpture, pendant le xixe siecle, au chili." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20075.
Full textOur work is an attempt to establish the origin and development of the french influence in chile during the 19th. Century. It is the reason why we have achieved a historical retrospection in order to find out the economical, political, philosophical and artistic causes and consequences. In this retrospection, we take into account all the most significant facts which enable us to show that the artistic influence as far as painting and sculpture are concerned is a consequence of the influence which existed for a long historical period. Therefore, in the beginning, we examine the first contacts with the french and the settlement of the french people in chile, the changes in the colonial society of the end of the 18th. Century, and the independance based on the ideas of the french revolution. Then, we deal with the setting up of the cultural and artistic organisations, the stary of painter monvoisin in chili and the development of the academy of painting and sculpture. In the end, we shall speak about the chilian artists who were. .
Huang, Lei. "L'abbatiale Sainte-Foy de Conques (XIe - XIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H052.
Full textThis archaeological study of the building of the abbey church of Sainte-Foy in Conques, which is mainly focused on facing stones, has a double objective: on the one hand, to discern, as much as possible, material indications likely to enlighten the progress of construction work; on the other hand, to understand technical and economic dimensions and, more generally, the site organisation of this major Romanesque building project. Archaeological data, such as masonry discontinuities, distribution of different petrographic types, stone-cutting techniques, masons’ marks and putlog holes, make it possible to propose a construction phasing, which offers an independent and efficient framework for study of the sculpture of Sainte-Foy. The sculpture evolution is thus traced, through a global stylistic approach. Artistic transfers between Conques, Santiago de Compostela and Auvergne have also been better defined, which leads to reconsider the chronology of Romanesque churches of Auvergne, especially as Conques and Auvergne were located in the same technical geography during the second half of the eleventh century
Dekaeke, Marie. "La sculpture et l’intime en France (1865-1909)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100061/document.
Full textLiterature and painting seem to be the most favourable fields for the development of intimacy during the nineteenth century. The notion has, nevertheless, its place too in the field of sculpture which by processes of its own, manages to reveal it. Even though self-portraits, such as conceived by Carriès or Gauguin, are particularly suitable for introspection they remain a unique experience that does not apply to every sculptor. The expression of intimacy is then to be found in portraits where artists tend to bring out the interiority of their model, in the manner of Carpeaux and Rodin. The fundamentals of dialogue between intimacy and sculpture are thus laid down. The term is also defined by its versatility, in relation to the context of order and reception, to aesthetic issues of the time, to the mystery of creation and, finally, to its own limits. Intimacy is a protean concept that can take on its full meaning through a single iconographic aspect or modalities of creation of sculpture. This very concept permeates all forms of sculpture and is expressed in sculpted portraits as well as in small groups, statuettes, even monumental sculpture. Our study of works by Claudel, Dalou or Rosso allowed us to understand that more than an aesthetic current in its own right, intimacy is rather a distinctive feature that brings works together. Intimacy therefore appears as a tool to study the sculptural fields ranging from 1865 to 1909 from a new angle
Biay, Sébastien. "Les chapiteaux de la troisième église abbatiale de Cluny (fin XIe-début XIIe siècle) : étude iconographique." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00671485.
Full textKarsallah, Amina. "Les mises au tombeau monumentales du Christ en France (XVe-XVIe siècles) : enjeux iconographiques, funéraires et dévotionnels." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040202.
Full textThe monumental representations of the Christ’s entombment were one of the most sought after sculpted subjects during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Their historiography has long been confined to mere stylistic observations without tackling the issue of the reasons for their immense popularity. However, the emergence of such a distinctive iconographic motif – one that stems from no direct reference in the Scriptures – as well as the great diversity of its locations (cathedral and parish churches, castle or hospital chapels), one which mirrors that of their donators, should lead us to a careful examination of the command contexts, from a historical, political, economic as well as personal viewpoint. By examining several examples chosen for their relevance and their wealth of documentation, the present study offers several chapters of reflections hinging upon such notions as a funeral monument, a devotion image and a spiritual pilgrimage. It thus casts light upon the outstanding polyvalence of these remarkable sculpted groups
Iamanidzé, Nina. "Le mobilier liturgique sculpté dans les églises de Géorgie (VIe-XIe siècles)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010596.
Full textSpencer, Thomas. "L'architecture religieuse en Champagne du Nord aux XIe et XIIe siècles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010618/document.
Full textResearch of Romanesque architecture in the north of the Champagne region, with very few exceptions, has not been renewed since the early 1980s. In the first part of this current study, the historiography of the subject study reveals that: art historians and archaeologists have not been invested in the archaeology of the region despite the fact that there have been many improvements in the methods of observation and dating, in particular with archaeometry and buildings archaeology; the architecture of the region has therefore not benefitted from these new techniques; there are a great many more resources available today that also analyze the history of the period and permit a greater understanding of the multiple contexts that had an impact on architectural and artistic creation during the 10th, 11th and 12th centuries. As such, one is made aware of the need to renew the general comprehension and chronology of the Romanesque religious monuments in Champagne. In the second part of this current study, the three largest churches of the dioceses of Reims and Châlons are revisited : Montier-en-Der, Saint-Étienne de Vignory and Saint-Remi de Reims of which the dates and phases of construction are still a matter of discussion today. Following this monographic study is an analysis of a selected group of church-types of which the plans, elevations and monumental decoration are characteristic of the region. By applying to all of these churches a greater degree of observation than previously done, it is possible to invalidate a certain number of the criteria formerly used to date these monuments and to suggest new conclusions concerning many aspects of their construction
Boidard, Véronique. "Les dessins de Pierre-Jean David d’Angers, une étape de création." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL157.
Full textThe sculptor Pierre-Jean David, known as David d'Angers (Angers, 1788-Paris, 1856), produced an important drawn work, both in terms of its number and in terms of the lighting it provides for his work and his life. Keeping by the artist as a reserve of forms and ideas, his drawings were given, in their great majority by his children, to the Musée d'Angers, which had been considered by the sculptor himself as the ideal place to preserve his main works. 3935 sheets are stored there. However, the importance of the graphic work has always been reduced, probably because the artist himself paid little attention to it. Part of the drawings explore the artist's training path and put into perspective the role that drawing played in the development of his principles on art that he later taught his students. The study of the preparatory drawings questions the creative process of their author and the relationship with the sculpted works. The parallel with other artists highlights the singularity or similarity of approaches. Finally, some drawings reveal the influences received and the personality of the draftsman, but also the relationships with the commissioners of the sculpted works and reveal, through their contradictions with other sources, David's construction of a personal mythology when he entered politics in the 1830s
Cabrero-Ravel, Laurence. "Notre-Dame du Port et la sculpture ornementale des églises romanes d'Auvergne, les chapitaux corinthiens et leurs dérivés : (fin XIe- XIIe siècle)." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1042.
Full textJacob, Thierry. "Art et histoire : l'iconographie religieuse romane dans les églises du Forez et du Livradois : persitances pai͏̈ennes et pédagogie monastique aux XIe et XIIe siècles." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31019.
Full textSimon, Clélia. "Style, culture et société. La sculpture religieuse en France de la Restauration à la fin du Second Empire (1820-1870)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040206.
Full textBetween 1820 and 1870, the State and the French cities are implementing - using a great budget - a massive order to fill the churches with monumental sculptures to serve a liturgical and educational purpose. The first part of this study examines the synoptic approach to religious sculpture of the nineteenth century, through the major programs. This leads to an overall view of a chronological evolution complicated by changes in expectations and ambitions and therefore to be aware of the status of cultural frontispieces that churches had acquired trough sculpture. This study also shows the prominent places that Christ and the Virgin generally occupy within these carved sets. The liturgical space initiated by the Restauration inherits expiatory dimension from the Revolution and the Empire. This pain mixed with hope and faith guided the execution of the Virgin and Child, crucified Christs and Pieta, giving them a decisive liturgical function. The period finally knows, in terms of hagiographic representation, a surprising abundance. The third part examines the numerous representations of the saints as a mean used by the restoration of religion to foster an intercessional relationship that has always been strong in France. Hence, a triple dialogue is highlighted: one between artists in time, one between subjects in the theological and theocratic imaginary, and one between forms in the overlaps - sometimes surprising - of stylistic genealogies
Manuel, Daniel. "Les correspondants français de Canova (1785-1822) : contribution à une histoire sociale et matérielle du goût au tournant du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0104.
Full textThe novel subject of this thesis is based upon archive material. It is centered on how the work of Italian neo-classical sculptor Antonio Canova was received in the most glamorous clubs and salons, through the study of letters exchanged by French celebrities from different walks of life during upon the periods of the Consulate, the Empire and the Restauration. Letter after letter, the image of an artist confronted with économie, artistic and sentimental challenges emerges. He succeeds in winning over the Napoleonides who grant him their patronage and their protection. He also gains the support of government représentatives in Rome and of fashionable women who are enraptured by the charm and the refinement of the Italian sculptor’s compositions. Référencés appear as a privileged form of exchange between artists, and reflect the vitality of this type of letter, and the variety of networks.Correspondence demonstrates the changing status of the artist who adjusts his réputation to the demands of his patron, thus becoming a true businessman. Torn between his longing forfreedom and his commitment to the artistic leanings of his mentor Quatremère de Quincy, Canova's production has many facets, which endear him to critics and to the public who wishes to see him as the modem heir of Greek sculptors. Yet as he rarely visits Paris and his work is rarely exhibited there, his impact is limited. The influence of early romanticism on ne classical painting permeates Canova’s works, and is a tribute to his originality. Studying these letters brings to light historical, material and esthetic questions that their authors bear witness to
Barbedor, Isabelle. "Le musée, une histoire d'art entre l'histoire de l'art et l'histoire du goût, Angers – Nantes -Rennes (1790-1990) : peintures et sculptures XVIIIe - XIXe siècles." Rennes 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN20017.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the evolution of the relationships between art and art gallery, starting from the example of paintings and sculptures of XVIIIe and XIXe centuries, preserved in the art galleries of Angers, Nantes and Rennes. Its purpose is to show how the creation of the art gallery, regarded as a place of preservation and study, concerns and transforms the finality of art, by opening for it, an artificial space which inaugurates modernity. The first part is devoted to the period of emergence of the art gallery, which is characterised by the transition from private collections to public collections. It includes the study of the confiscations of revolutionary period and the attributions of works of art by the state and their influence on the art gallery, during the first part of the XIXe century. The second part is devoted to the study of the function and the using of art gallery, between 1850 and 1918. It describes relationships of the principal actors of art gallery (state, town, collector, artist) with art and their influence on this public space which becomes one of the symbols of urban world by securing the durability of its own cultural traditions. The third part presents the art gallery and its relationships with art history which appears as a new operator of the museal world. It shows, how art history substituted to the artist himself, inaugurates a new relation with art and modernity
D'Hainaut, Brigitte. "Les retables d'autels sculptés dans les Pays-Bas à la fin de l'époque gothique (XVe-début XVIe siècle): raisons, thèmes et usages." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212274.
Full textDelas, Raphaële. "Aimé et Louis Duthoit, derniers imagiers du Moyen âge : un atelier de création et de restauration de sculpture médiévale à Amiens au XIXe siècle (1820-1870)." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0013.
Full textDuplouy, Alain. "Le prestige des élites : recherches sur les modes de reconnaissance sociale en Grèce entre les Xe et Ve siècles avant J.-C." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010539.
Full textZito, Mickaël. "Les Marca (fin XVIIe - début XIXe siècles) : itinéraires et activités d'une dynastie de stucateurs piémontais en Franche-Comté et en Bourgogne." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL038/document.
Full textThe topic of this thesis is the Marca dynasty, a piedmontese family from the Valsesia area, specialized in the stucco work. In the early eighteenth century, some of its members migrated to the Franche-Comté in France, in search of work, the others remaining in Piedmont. Their realizations can be studied in religious places and private houses in Italy, in Franche-Comté and Burgundy. These works (altars, pulpits, statues and bas-reliefs in stucco) were created between the late seventeenth century and the early nineteenth century. This topic is entirely unpublished, especially as the information on this family are rare and scattered. Moreover, no research has been undertaken on it, neither in France nor in Italy. This study is well an analysis on this Italian family and its activity. The thesis provides an accurate biography of each member, defines the organization, methods and techniques of the stucco work, the inventory of their works, and position them in the artistic and religious context of their time. The archives of Burgundy, Doubs, Jura, Haute-Saône in France and of the regions of Biella and Vercelli in Italy have been exploited. Visit a large number of Italian and French buildings decorated with Marca’s furniture or near their style has been also necessary to carry out this work. The main objective was to place the Marca dynasty in its geographical, historical and cultural context, to understand its organization and specificity, to define accurately its style from recognized works, to be able to propose new attributions
Noet, Laurent. "Les Grands Prix de Rome de sculpture formés à Marseille dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : André Allar (1845-1926), Jean Turcan (1846-1895), Jean-Baptiste Hugues (1849-1930), Henri Lombard (1855-1929), Constant Roux (1865-1942) et Auguste Carli (1868-1930) : une école marseillaise de statuaire?" Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30016.
Full textChaumier-Bouron, Morgane. "Les restaurations du décor sculpté du château de Blois au XIXe siècle à travers l'étude de son fonds lapidaire." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2005.
Full textClassified on the first list of “Historic Monuments” and the first civil building to have its restoration requested and funded by the French State, the Chateau of Blois was the object of two renovation programmes starting in 1843 and respectively supervised by Félix Duban (1797-1870) and Anatole de Baudot (1834-1915). An outstanding synthesis of the history of French architecture, the chateau was also the experimenting field for various techniques, methods and approaches of restoration appearing in the 19th century and stimulating the national debate, in which Viollet-le-Duc played a major role. These unique inventory and analysis of the lapidary collection of the Chateau of Blois, to which are added the studies, the mock models, and the plaster casts of the decorative patterns before their restoration, allow to renew the knowledge about the carved décor of the Louis XII’s and the Francis I’s wings. This study puts into perspective the plaster casts, the stones taken off the facades, the present facades, the manuscript and iconographic sources, and it hereby brings to light the specificities of each restoration campaign, their differences and their complementarity. It highlights two different perceptions of the Renaissance and the way they were expressed in the stone by the 19th-century architects. Thus, thanks to its exemplary restoration and the way it integrated the 19th century into its own history, the Chateau of Blois acts as a true model for restoration campaigns
Berriola, Riccardo. "Les terres cuites figurées de la collection Raffaele Gargiulo au Musée National de Naples : recherches sur le goût et le marché de l'art dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100194.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the collection of terracottas of Raffaele Gargiulo (1785-after 1864), ceramist and restorer, leading figure of the Museum of Naples, neapolitan merchant of antiquity in the twenties and thirties of the 19th century. The proposed sale to the Museum of Naples of his collection is made in December 1852, but only after more than two years of hard deals it comes to the purchase on May 29th, 1855, for 6000 ducats. In order to understand the figure of Gargiulo as merchant of art 315 documents, kept in the State Archive of Naples and in the Historical Archive of the Archaeological Superintendence of Naples, have been analyzed. By the study of 11 royal decrees dated between 1807 and 1852 the legislative framework in force at the time was rebuilt, as part of the trade and export of archaeological and art objects. In the Gargiulo’s collection of terracottas the little plastic (443 specimens, 73.88%) is the most documented class, accounting for about three-quarters of the collection. About the provenances, Apulia and Campania with 578 items, the 95.54%, prevail. At the top lie the towns, both in Apulia (Gnathia, Ruvo and Canosa) and Campania (Capua and Cales), most famous for the coroplastic products. If the architectural material is dated from the end of the 6th century BC to 1st century AD, the coroplastic material lies mostly between the mid-4th century BC and the end of the 3rd BC. The pottery ranges between the 4th century and 3rd century BC, especially the plastic and polychrome decoration and the achromatic ceramic; the chronology of plastic vessels is more varied, between the late 6th and 3rd centuries BC. The lamps, finally, are dated to 1st century AD
La tesi analizza la collezione di terrecotte di Raffaele Gargiulo (1785-post 1864), ceramista e restauratore affermato, figura di primo piano del Museo di Napoli, grande mercante napoletano di antichità degli anni Venti e Trenta dell'Ottocento. La proposta di vendita al Museo di Napoli della sua collezione viene fatta nel dicembre del 1852, ma dopo oltre due anni si giunge all'acquisto, il 29 maggio 1855, per seimila ducati. Per inquadrare la figura del Gargiulo come mercante di opere d'arte sono stati analizzati 315 documenti custoditi nell'Archivio di Stato di Napoli e nell'Archivio Storico della Soprintendenza Archeologica di Napoli. Attraverso lo studio di 11 regi decreti tra il 1807 e il 1852 si è ricostruito il quadro legislativo in vigore all'epoca nell'ambito del commercio e dell'esportazione di reperti archeologici e oggetti d'arte. Nella collezione Gargiulo di terrecotte la piccola plastica (443 esemplari, pari al 73.88%) è la classe più documentata, rappresentando circa i tre quarti della collezione. Tra le provenienze prevalgono la Puglia e la Campania con 578 oggetti, il 95.54%. Ai primi posti si collocano le località, sia pugliesi (Egnazia, Ruvo e Canosa) che campane (Capua e Cales), più celebri per i prodotti coroplastici. Se il materiale architettonico va dalla fine del VI a.C. al I d.C., quello coroplastico si colloca per lo più tra la metà del IV e la fine del III a.C. La ceramica spazia tra il IV e il III secolo a.C., soprattutto per la ceramica a decorazione plastica e policroma e per quella acroma, più varia è la cronologia dei vasi plastici, tra la fine del VI e il III a.C. Le lucerne, infine, si datano nell'ambito del I secolo d.C