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Journal articles on the topic 'SCTP'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 July 2024

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1

Weng, Hui Min, Ming He Huang, Hao Wang, Chang Qiao Xu, and Kai Liu. "The Analysis and Simulation of Stream Control Transmission Protocol." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 1795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.1795.

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Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new generation of reliable transport layer protocol, unlike TCP, it has new features of multi-homing and multi-streaming, and has good scalability. SCTP is expected to replace TCP as the next generation of universal transport layer protocol. We introduce and analyze the basic structure and features of SCTP, introduce the related research of SCTP, including the implementation method of mobile SCTP and the Concurrent Multipath Transfer mechanism. Finally, compared and analyzed the performance of TCP, SCTP and SCTP-CMT by the ns-2 simulations, results show that in the case of multiple paths are available, the transmission performance of SCTP and SCTP-CMT are both better than TCP.

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2

Sun, Yu, Xing, and Qin. "Parallel Transmission of Distributed Sensor Based on SCTP and TCP for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks in IoT." Sensors 19, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092005.

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Sensors in the Internet of Things (IoT) generate large amounts of data, which requires high-speed data transmission. In order to achieve the parallel transmissions of the wireless sensor network on the transmission layer, the performance of stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) and transmission control protocol (TCP) in the wireless sensor network under different packet error rates was simulated and compared. A dynamic multipath handover method for SCTP (MS-SCTP) was proposed to improve the transmission performance, which selects the transmission path according to the packet error rate and the retransmission ratio in the sender’s buffer. The TCP and SCTP protocol switching method (TCP-SCTP) was proposed to detect the current network traffic and adjust the MS-SCTP or TCP method. Analysis and simulation results show that MS-SCTP and TCP-SCTP could improve network throughput and reduce packet loss rate. MS-SCTP and TCP-SCTP can be combined with other technologies and channel allocation algorithms to improve network traffic.

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Yu, Hai, Yue Yu, Qi Gui Yao, Hui Deng, and Wen Shen. "Communication Fault Recovery Technology Research in IntelliGrid." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1680–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1680.

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Analysis and comparison of the communication failure of IntelliGrid architecture alternative recovery technology, and points out that SCTP is capable of providing communication service restoration protocols at the transport layer, based on analysis of the characteristics of SCTP and analyze the characteristics of SCTP and TCP protocol, the method of network simulation research of the network link failure disconnected, network level fault tolerance mechanism of SCTP multihoming path switching characteristics based on, and for the lack of SCTP multihoming path switching method, put forward a kind of improved SCTP multihoming path switching method, through the simulation verifies the effectiveness of the application of this method in multi router network model, laid the foundation for the application of SCTP for power system.

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Ramponi, Francesco, Dominic Nkhoma, and Susan Griffin. "Informing decisions with disparate stakeholders: cross-sector evaluation of cash transfers in Malawi." Health Policy and Planning 37, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab137.

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Abstract The Social Cash Transfer Programme (SCTP) in Malawi is a cross-sectoral policy with impacts on health, education, nutrition, agriculture and welfare. Implementation of the SCTP requires collaboration across sectors and across national and international stakeholders. Economic evaluation can inform investment by indicating whether benefits exceed costs, but economic evaluations that provide an overall benefit–cost ratio typically assume a common agreed objective and agreed set of value judgements. In reality, the various stakeholders involved in the delivery of the SCTP may have different remits and objectives and may differ in how they value the impacts of the programme. We use the SCTP as a case study to illustrate a cross-sectoral analytical framework that accounts for these differences. The stakeholders that contribute to the SCTP include the Ministry of Gender, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Economic Planning and Development and Global Fund. We estimate how the SCTP changes outcomes in education, health, net production and poverty, and distinguish outcomes in three groups: SCTP recipients; population in Malawi not eligible for the SCTP and population in other countries. After estimating the direct effects and opportunity costs from investing in the SCTP, we summarize the results according to different perspectives. The SCTP is estimated to provide benefits in excess of costs from the perspective of national stakeholders. From the perspective of an international donor interested in health outcomes, its health benefits do not outweigh the opportunity costs unless health improvement in SCTP recipients is valued at 18 times that of other potential spending beneficiaries or the donor values broader outcomes than health alone. This work illustrates the potential of a cross-sectoral economic evaluation to guide debate about stakeholder contributions to the SCTP, and the value judgements required to favour the SCTP above other policy options.

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Zafar, S., and U. Ejaz. "SCTP-aware Link Layer Retransmission Mechanism for Smart-grid Communication Network." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 4 (August 26, 2016): 1093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.685.

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The smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers and uses bidirectional communication to exchange real-time information between supply system and smart meters at the user end. With a combined communication infrastructure, smart grid manages the operation of all associated components to provide reliable and supportable electricity supply. The Neighborhood Area Network (NAN) of smart grid supports bi-directional data transfer between smart meters (installed at customer premises) and control center of the utility company through an aggregator. This communication suffers low throughput and excessive delays due to the Head of Line (HOL) blocking when the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is implemented for reliability. In this paper we propose SCTP-aware Link Layer Retransmission mechanism (SCTP-LLR) which augments the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) with Link Layer Retransmissions at the aggregator. SCTP-LLR uses the multi-streaming feature offered by SCTP and implements link layer retransmissions at the aggregator to mitigate the effect of HOL blocking. We carried out simulations using Network Simulator and compared the performance of SCTP-LLR against TCP and SCTP. Our results show that SCTP-LLR outperforms both TCP and SCTP in terms of throughput and packet delays and is a promising protocol to be implemented in smart grid NAN for reliable and efficient communication.

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6

Yuan, Yao, Dalin Zhang, Lin Tian, and Jinglin Shi. "Research on the Extension of SCTP Protocol on the Heterogeneous Wireless Network." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 8, no. 2 (April 2016): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2016040107.

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As a promising candidate of general-purpose transport layer protocol, the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) has its new features such as multi-homing and multi-streaming. SCTP association can make concurrent multi-path transfer an appealing candidate to satisfy the ever increasing user demands for bandwidth by using Multi-homing feature. And multiple streams provide an aggregation mechanism to accommodate heterogeneous objects, which belong to the same application but may require different QoS from the network. In this paper, the authors introduce WM2-SCTP (Wireless Multi-path Multi-flow - Stream Control Transmission Protocol), a transport layer solution for concurrent multi-path transfer with parallel sub-flows. WM2-SCTP aims at exploiting SCTP's multi-homing and multi-streaming capability by grouping SCTP streams into sub-flows based on their required QoS and selecting best paths for each sub-flow to improve data transfer rates. The results show that under different scenarios WM2-SCTP is able to support QoS among the SCTP stream, and it achieves a better throughput.

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7

Surimi, La, and Reza Pulungan. "Analisis Kualitas VoIP pada SCTP Menggunakan ECN dan AQM." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2015): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.7541.

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AbstrakVoIP merupakan aplikasi real time yang kualitasnya sangat tergantung pada delay dan jitter, yang mana hal ini sulit dipenuhi oleh protokol yang bersifat reliable dan memiliki congestion control seperti TCP. Di sisi lain penggunaan UDP yang tidak memiliki congestion control menyebabkan peluang terjadinya congestion pada jaringan sangat besar. Penggunaan SCTP sebagai protokol alternatif juga belum mampu mengakomodasi kekurangan TCP dan UDP. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlu adanya perbaikan ataupun modifikasi pada mekanisme congestion control yang dimiliki oleh SCTP. Penggunaan mekanisme ECN dan AQM pada beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua mekanisme ini dapat menurunkan delay dan jitter. Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian terhadap kualitas VoIP di atas SCTP yang menggunakan ECN dan AVQ pada network simulator NS2. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mekanisme ECN dan AVQ pada protokol SCTP menghasilkan kualitas VoIP yang lebih baik pada kondisi jaringan yang tidak ideal (high Latency low Bandwidth dan low Latency low Bandwidth dari pada penggunaan protokol SCTP tanpa menggunakan mekanisme ECN dan AVQ. Penelitian ini juga melakukan perbandingan nilai MOS panggilan VoIP SCTP yang menggunakan ECN dan AVQ dengan nilai MOS panggilan VoIP yang menggunakan protokol TCP dan UDP. Hasilnya SCTP dengan ECN dan AVQ mengungguli TCP namun belum dapat mengungguli UDP. Kata kunci— VoIP, SCTP, ECN, AQM,AVQ. AbstractVoIP is the real time applications that are highly dependent on the quality of delay and jitter, which it is difficult to be met by protocol that has reliable data transfer feature and congestion control such as TCP. On the other hand the use of UDP that has no congestion control make chance of causing congestion in the network is very large. The use of SCTP as an alternative protocol was also not able to accommodate the weaknesses of TCP and UDP. Some research shows that repairs or modifications to the SCTP congestion control mechanism is needed.The Use of ECN and AQM in some studies show that these two mechanisms can reduce delay and jitter. This study tested the quality of VoIP over SCTP with ECN and AVQ, in NS2. Simulations carried out by independent replication technique, and the results showed that ECN and AVQ can increase the value of MOS VoIP calls significantly in non ideal network scenarios. This study also did comparison of SCTP MOS that uses ECN and AVQ with MOS values VoIP using TCP and UDP. The result showed that SCTP with ECN and AVQ outperform TCP but can not surpass UDP yet. Keywords— VoIP, SCTP, ECN, AQM,AVQ.

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8

Feshchenko, Zakharii-Andrii, and Iryna Yurchak. "Improving the efficiency of SCTP network software." Computer systems and network 4, no. 1 (December 16, 2022): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/csn2022.01.147.

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The work presents a software system for demonstrating the operation of the SCTP transport protocol in comparison with its better-known analogues – TCP and UDP. To reproduce the operation of the chosen protocol, a socket API was created that describes the operation of SCTP, based on RFC 6458. It also describes the transport protocols that are similar to the protocol that was chosen to improve performance, namely TCP and UDP, their strengths and weaknesses, and what has been improved in SCTP. A test software model is described, which is divided into a client part and a server part, which was created to demonstrate the operation of the SCTP transport protocol. The client part consists in sending a message to the server, which will read this message and reset it. The ability to send using the SCTP protocol directly, or UDP encapsulation, thus encapsulating the SCTP packet into a UDP datagram, has been developed. The efficiency and expediency of using the software model are shown and alternative software models designed to implement the SCTP protocol are considered. The means used to implement this decision are justified as well as the platforms and operating systems on which this solution can be reproduced, other than Windows.

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9

Halepoto, Imtiaz Ali, Fouzia Halepoto, Fayaz Ahmed Memon, Ali Raza Bhangwar, Baqir Ali Zardari, and Shahid Iqbal. "Enhancing SCTP Performance through the Selection of Appropriate Retransmission Policies." VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering 11, no. 2 (May 28, 2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v11i2.1462.

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The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a reliable transport protocol that provides message oriented communication services between applications. One of the critical functions of SCTP is to ensure reliable delivery of data by detecting the lost or missing packets due to transmission errors. Once the errors are detected the SCTP uses retransmission policies for immediate retransmission of data along the same or alternate path. However, the performance of SCTP retransmission policies can significantly impact its efficiency and reliability in different network conditions. In this paper, we analyzed three retransmission policies of SCTP that are (1) CWND, (2) SSTHRESHOLD and (3) LOSSRATE, and evaluated their performance in terms of network bandwidth, propagation delay and packet loss. We conducted simulations using the NS-2 network simulator and evaluated the performance of each policy under different network conditions and in each simulation the impact on throughput is analyzed. From the simulation results, the retransmission policy that uses loss rate parameter (LOSSRATE) for the transmission of data outperforms the retransmission policy that uses parameters such as congestion window (CWND) and the slow start threshold (SSTHRESHOLD). The analysis on the obtained results provides valuable insights into the tradeoffs between different SCTP retransmission policies and can help network administrators and application developers optimize SCTP performance in different network environments.

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Halepoto, I. A., I. H. Sadhayo, M. S. Memon, A. Manzoor, and S. Bhatti. "Analysis of Retransmission Policies for Parallel Data Transmission." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 3079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2085.

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Stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) is a transport layer protocol, which is efficient, reliable, and connection-oriented as compared to transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP). Additionally, SCTP has more innovative features like multihoming, multistreaming and unordered delivery. With multihoming, SCTP establishes multiple paths between a sender and receiver. However, it only uses the primary path for data transmission and the secondary path (or paths) for fault tolerance. Concurrent multipath transfer extension of SCTP (CMT-SCTP) allows a sender to transmit data in parallel over multiple paths, which increases the overall transmission throughput. Parallel data transmission is beneficial for higher data rates. Parallel transmission or connection is also good in services such as video streaming where if one connection is occupied with errors the transmission continues on alternate links. With parallel transmission, the unordered data packets arrival is very common at receiver. The receiver has to wait until the missing data packets arrive, causing performance degradation while using CMT-SCTP. In order to reduce the transmission delay at the receiver, CMT-SCTP uses intelligent retransmission polices to immediately retransmit the missing packets. The retransmission policies used by CMT-SCTP are RTX-SSTHRESH, RTX-LOSSRATE and RTX-CWND. The main objective of this paper is the performance analysis of the retransmission policies. This paper evaluates RTX-SSTHRESH, RTX-LOSSRATE and RTX-CWND. Simulations are performed on the Network Simulator 2. In the simulations with various scenarios and parameters, it is observed that the RTX-LOSSRATE is a suitable policy.

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Halid, Agus, and Reza Pulungan. "Analisis Pengaruh Ukuran Window Pada Pengendali Kemacetan di SCTP Menggunakan Fitur Multihoming." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2015): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.7542.

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AbstrakStream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) merupakan protokol yang mirip dengan Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) dan User Datagram Protocol (UDP). SCTP merupakan protokol yang bersifat reliable dan connectionless. Protokol ini memiliki kemampuan multistreaming dan multihoming dalam melakukan transmisi data. Penelitian ini merupakan pemodelan terhadap SCTP menggunakan simulator OPNET yang dapat menjadi akselerasi bagi peneliti dalam bidang jaringan. SCTP pada simulator dibangun dengan melakukan modiﬁkasi terhadap TCP. Pemodelan dimulai dengan membangun skenario jaringan dan menentukan bandwidth pada jalur yang akan dilewati oleh paket data.Modiﬁkasi ukuran window dalam penelitian ini menggunakan nilai 1 MMS, 2 MMS hingga 10 MMS pada pengendali kemacetan. Tujuannya adalah untuk melihat pengaruh modiﬁkasi ukuran window terhadap nilai packet loss, delay dan throughput. Hasil pengukuran memperlihatkan bahwa nilai throughput tertinggi terdapat pada Skenario Kedua sebagaimana diperlihatkan pada Tabel 6.4 dengan nilai throughput sebesar 433.566,0244 bit/s. Penggunaan ukuran window dalam pengendali kemacetan dimaksudkan untuk menghindari banjir data pada sisi endpoint yang dapat menyebabkan packet loss. Kata kunci—Pengendali kemacetan, throughput, delay, packet loss, ukuran window, multihoming, SCTP Abstract Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a protocol that is similar to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). SCTP is a protocol that is both reliable and connectionless. This protocol has the ability multistreaming and multihoming in the transmit data.This research is the modeling of the SCTP using OPNET simulator that can be accelerated for researchers in the ﬁeld of networking. SCTP on the simulator was built to perform modiﬁcations to TCP. Modeling starts with building a network scenarios and determine the bandwidth on the path that will be passed by data packets.Modiﬁcation of window size in this research using 1 MMS, 2 MMS up to 10 MMS on congestion control. The aim is to disclose the effect of modiﬁcation of the window size to the value packet loss, delay and throughput. The measurement results show that the throughput rate is highest in the Second Scenario as shown in Table 6.4 with throughput value of 433.566,0244 bits/s. Using window size in congestion control is intended to prevent a ﬂood of data on the endpoint that can lead to packet loss. Keywords—Congestion control, throughput, delay, packet loss, window size, multihoming, SCTP

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Li, Ying Yong, Yu Chun Ma, and Xiao Yan Chen. "Transparent TCP-to-SCTP Translation Using Shim Rules-Table Dynamic Configuration." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 1500–1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.1500.

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Using the application of bulk data transfer, we investigate the performance of existing TCP-to-SCTP Translation shim scheme under the scenario of shim rules-table is static (i.e., manual). We find that a potential problem named stale shim rules-table value caused by shim rules-table static configuration, which induces TCP-to-SCTP Translation does not startup in time. Based on this, we present a suggestion called Shim Rules-table Dynamic Configuration (SRDC) for TCP-to-SCTP Translation to implement the real-time startup and to improve the throughput of SCTP association by modify original shim rules-table command list, original socket option, original function of connection( ) and sosend( ).

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Cao, Yuanlong, Changqiao Xu, Jianfeng Guan, and Hongke Zhang. "Background Traffic-Based Retransmission Algorithm for Multimedia Streaming Transfer over Concurrent Multipaths." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/789579.

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The content-rich multimedia streaming will be the most attractive services in the next-generation networks. With function of distribute data across multipath end-to-end paths based on SCTP's multihoming feature, concurrent multipath transfer SCTP (CMT-SCTP) has been regarded as the most promising technology for the efficient multimedia streaming transmission. However, the current researches on CMT-SCTP mainly focus on the algorithms related to the data delivery performance while they seldom consider the background traffic factors. Actually, background traffic of realistic network environments has an important impact on the performance of CMT-SCTP. In this paper, we firstly investigate the effect of background traffic on the performance of CMT-SCTP based on a close realistic simulation topology with reasonable background traffic in NS2, and then based on the localness nature of background flow, a further improved retransmission algorithm, namedRTX_CSI, is proposed to reach more benefits in terms of average throughput and achieve high users' experience of quality for multimedia streaming services.

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Wheeb, Ali Hussein. "Performance Evaluation of UDP, DCCP, SCTP and TFRC for Different Traffic Flow in Wired Networks." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i6.pp3552-3557.

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<p>The demand for internet applications has increased rapidly. Providing quality of service (QoS) requirements for varied internet application is a challenging task. One important factor that is significantly affected on the QoS service is the transport layer. The transport layer provides end-to-end data transmission across a network. Currently, the most common transport protocols used by internet application are TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Also, there are recent transport protocols such as DCCP (data congestion control protocol), SCTP (stream congestion transmission protocol), and TFRC (TCP-friendly rate control), which are in the standardization process of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). In this paper, we evaluate the performance of UDP, DCCP, SCTP and TFRC protocols for different traffic flows: data transmission, video traffic, and VOIP in wired networks. The performance criteria used for this evaluation include throughput, end to end delay, and packet loss rate. Well-known network simulator NS-2 used to implement the UDP, DCCP, SCTP, and TFRC protocols performance comparison. Based on the simulation results, the performance throughput of SCTP and TFRC is better than UDP. Moreover, DCCP performance is superior SCTP and TFRC in term of end-to-end delay.</p>

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Wheeb, Ali H., and Dimitris N. Kanellopoulos. "Simulated Performance of SCTP and TFRC Over MANETs." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 16, no. 2 (July 2020): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdcn.2020070104.

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Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are composed of mobile nodes communicating through wireless medium, without any fixed centralized infrastructure. Providing quality of service (QoS) support to multimedia streaming applications over MANETs is vital. This paper focuses on QoS support, provided by the stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) and the TCP-friendly rate control (TFRC) protocol to multimedia streaming applications over MANETs. In this study, three QoS parameters were considered jointly: (1) packet delivery ratio (PDR), (2) end-to-end delay, (3) and throughput. Specifically, the authors analyzed and compared the simulated performance of the SCTP and TFRC transport protocols for delivering multimedia streaming over MANETs. Two simulation scenarios were conducted to study the impact of traffic load and node speed (mobility) to their performance. Based on the simulation results, the authors found that the PDR and the end-to-end delay of TFRC are slightly better than those of SCTP in both scenarios. Additionally, the performance of SCTP is significantly better than TFRC in terms of throughput.

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Kobayashi, Saburo, Mayoh Ashiya, Takuya Yamamoto, Kenji Tajima, Yasunori Yamamoto, Takuya Isono, and Toshifumi Satoh. "Suzuki–Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation of Triolborate-Type Carbazole Monomers." Polymers 13, no. 23 (November 28, 2021): 4168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234168.

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Herein, we report the Suzuki–Miyaura catalyst-transfer polycondensation (SCTP) of triolborate-type carbazole monomers, i.e., potassium 3-(6-bromo-9-(2-octyldodecyl)-9H-carbazole-2-yl)triolborate (M1) and potassium 2-(7-bromo-9-(2-octyldodecyl)-9H-carbazole-2-yl) triolborate (M2), as an efficient and versatile approach for precisely synthesizing poly[9-(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-carbazole] (3,6-PCz) and poly[9-(2-octyldodecyl)-2,7-carbazole] (2,7-PCz), respectively. The SCTP of triolborate-type carbazole monomers was performed in a mixture of THF/H2O using an initiating system consisted of 4-iodobenzyl alcohol, Pd2(dba)3•CHCl3, and t-Bu3P. In the SCTP of M1, cyclic by-product formation was confirmed, as reported for the corresponding pinacolboronate-type monomer. By optimizing the reaction temperature and reaction time, we successfully synthesized linear end-functionalized 3,6-PCz for the first time. The SCTP of M2 proceeded with almost no side reaction, yielding 2,7-PCz with a functional initiator residue at the α-chain end. Kinetic and block copolymerization experiments demonstrated that the SCTP of M2 proceeded in a chain-growth and controlled/living polymerization manner. This is a novel study on the synthesis of 2,7-PCz via SCTP. By taking advantage of the well-controlled nature of this polymerization system, we demonstrated the synthesis of high-molecular-weight 2,7-PCzs (Mn = 5–38 kg mol−1) with a relatively narrow ÐM (1.35–1.48). Furthermore, we successfully synthesized fluorene/carbazole copolymers as well as 2,7-PCz-containing diblock copolymers, demonstrating the versatility of the present polymerization system as a novel synthetic strategy for well-defined polycarbazole-based materials.

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Liu, Chang Hua, and Cao Yuan. "An Extended Throughput Model of SCTP with Scalab Congestion Control." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1656–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1656.

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The technologies of Wireless local networks and cellular network are very popular and more and more service under the integrated heterogeneous environment. Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is considered as an ideal to support the communication between them by enabling a mobile client to freely switch the IP address in different networks. In this paper, we propose an extended analytical model for SCTP which consider the congestion window and scalable of congestion control mechanism. A great advantage of our model is that establishing a relationship between the throughput and congestion control mechanism. Furthermore, the analytical model provides a useful tool to improve congestion control mechanism of SCTP.

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Salheddine, SADOUNI, Benslama Malek, and Beylot André-Luc. "SCTP-MANET New Extension of SCTP Protocol for the Optimization of MANET Performances." International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks 8, no. 5 (October 30, 2016): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijwmn.2016.8504.

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De Marco, G., L. Barolli, and Salvatore Loreto. "Taxonomy and Analysis of IP Micro-Mobility Protocols in Single and Simultaneous Movements Scenarios." Mobile Information Systems 3, no. 2 (2007): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/919807.

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The micro-mobility is an important aspect in mobile communications, where the applications are anywhere and used anytime. One of the problems of micro-mobility is the hand-off latency. In this paper, we analyse two solutions for IP micro-mobility by means of a general taxonomy. The first one is based on the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), which allows the dynamic address configuration of an association. The second one is based on the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), which is the most popular protocol for multimedia communications over IP networks. We show that for the SCTP solution, there is room for further optimisations of the hand-off latency by adding slight changes to the protocol. However, as full end-to-end solution, SCTP is not able to handle simultaneous movement of hosts, whose probability in general cannot be neglected. On the other hand, the SIP can handle both single and simultaneous movements cases, although the hand-off latency can increase with respect to the SCTP solution. We show that for a correct and fast hand-off, the SIP server should be statefull.

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Kanellopoulos, Dimitris N., and Ali H. Wheeb. "Simulated Performance of TFRC, DCCP, SCTP, and UDP Protocols Over Wired Networks." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 12, no. 4 (October 2020): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2020100107.

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Multimedia applications impose different QoS requirements (e.g., bounded end-to-end delay and jitter) and need an enhanced transport layer protocol that should handle packet loss, minimize errors, manage network congestion, and transmit efficiently. Across an IP network, the transport layer protocol provides data transmission and affects the QoS provided to the application on hand. The most common transport layer protocols used by Internet applications are TCP and UDP. There are also advanced transport layer protocols such as DCCP and TFRC. The authors evaluated the performance of UDP, DCCP, SCTP, and TFRC over wired networks for three traffic flows: data transmission, video streaming, and voice over IP. The evaluation criteria were throughput, end-to-end delay, and packet loss ratio. They compared their performance to learn in which traffic flow/service each of these protocols functions better than the others. The throughput of SCTP and TFRC is better than UDP. DCCP is superior to SCTP and TFRC in terms of end-to-end delay. SCTP is suitable for Internet applications that require high bandwidth.

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Natarajan, Preethi, Fred Baker, Paul D. Amer, and Jonathan T. Leighton. "SCTP: What, Why, and How." IEEE Internet Computing 13, no. 5 (September 2009): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2009.114.

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Jungmaier, Andreas, and Erwin P. Rathgeb. "On SCTP multi-homing performance." Telecommunication Systems 31, no. 2-3 (March 2006): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-006-6517-7.

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McClellan, Stan, Wuxu Peng, and Ed Gonzalez. "Improving Throughput in SCTP via Dynamic Optimization of Retransmission Bounds." Network Protocols and Algorithms 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/npa.v7i3.8228.

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The Stream Control Transmission Proto-col (SCTP) is a relatively new transport protocol. Ithas several underlying mechanisms that are similar tothe Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), as well asseveral improvements that are important in certainclasses of applications. The timeout scheme of SCTP,however, is almost identical to that used in TCP.With the dynamics of today’s Internet, that timeoutscheme may be too passive. This paper presents an al-gorithm which dynamically adjusts the overall contextof the retransmission timeout process without chang-ing the fundamental retransmission mechanisms. Thisapproach manages the impact of fast retransmissionsand timeouts to significantly improve the throughputof SCTP applications. The algorithm has been im-plemented and tested in real network environments.Experimental results show that the algorithm avoidsspurious retransmissions and provides better through-put by intelligently managing RTO boundaries andallowing conventional timeout schemes to participatemore actively in the retransmission process.

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Runcos, Rudolfo, Igor Gavriloff, Carlos Marcelo Pedroso, Evelio Martin Garcia Fernandez, and Eduardo Parente Ribeiro. "Delay-Centric Handover Issues in Voice Transmissions with Multihomed SCTP." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 07 (June 17, 2015): 1550096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500966.

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The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) establishes a transport layer framework for multihomed communication where the standard failover mechanism improves the transmission resilience. A delay-centric handover mechanism for SCTP have been proposed to improve the end-to-end delay of real-time multimedia transmissions. In this paper, we explore the coexistence of delay-centric handover and standard SCTP failover to identify whether they work together to select a communication path that preserves voice transmission quality. The study was performed using computer simulations, which allowed us to evaluate users' perceived quality and network stability for several conditions of traffic load and packet loss ratio. Although voice quality is generally improved, conflicting decision about interface selection resulted in performance degradation under certain conditions. The global stability of the delay-centric operation when multiple independent voice transmissions compete for the available bandwidth was also evaluated. Simulations showed that under high link utilization, instabilities due to frequent path switching may lead to lower voice quality.

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Ni, Ye Peng, Xiao Sen Chen, and Jian Bo Liu. "Resolving Unordered Issues for CMT-SCTP in Heterogeneous Wireless Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 2152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.2152.

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Concurrent Multi-path Transfer extension of the Stream Control Transport Protocol (CMT-SCTP) has great potential to improve the utilization of scarce network bandwidth resource. Traditional CMT-SCTP adopts Round Robin (RR) algorithms to carry out packet scheduling that could affect the performance of SCTP traffic as unordered issues. In this paper, we discuss the unordered issues and propose a novel packet scheduling algorithm to improve the performance in heterogeneous wireless network. Our main idea is predicting the packet arriving time and then provides a path selection strategy. Through measuring round-trip time (RTT) and available bandwidth, we achieve an algorithm to predict the arriving time of data packets on one path, then give a reasonable path selection strategy to make sure that data arrives in the right order. By using proposed algorithm, the unordered packets and receive buffer blocking are reduced. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm by comparing it with the RR algorithm and show that it can resolve several performance issues.

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Attia Elhabib, Elhabib. "Adaptive Multistreaming Over Network Via SCTP." IOSR Journal of Engineering 04, no. 12 (December 2014): 30–034. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04124030034.

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Shaojian Fu, M. Atiquzzaman, and W. Ivancic. "Evaluation of SCTP for space networks." IEEE Wireless Communications 12, no. 5 (October 2005): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2005.1522105.

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Hurtig, Per, and Anna Brunstrom. "SCTP: designed for timely message delivery?" Telecommunication Systems 47, no. 3-4 (May 29, 2010): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9321-3.

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Dainotti, Alberto, Salvatore Loreto, Antonio Pescapé, and Giorgio Ventre. "SCTP performance evaluation over heterogeneous networks." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 19, no. 8 (2007): 1207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1159.

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Zou, Jianping, M. Ümit Uyar, Mariusz A. Fecko, and Sunil Samtani. "Performance evaluation of subflow capable SCTP." Computer Communications 29, no. 12 (August 2006): 2413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2005.12.008.

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Fan, Ya Qin, Shu Ting Liu, and Chi Li. "Performance Simulation of the SCTP under the Multi Path Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1174.

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This paper studies the basic features and functions of STCP. The traditional TCP protocol and the basic standard SCTP protocols are simulated respectively. We analysis that when the host has multiple network addresses and there are multiple paths between ends, how do the STCP protocol and TCP protocol perform. For practical implementation, using CWND size parameters show performance of multi path transmission in practice, and compare with the ideal case. The results of the simulation and analysis of multi path transmission under the SCTP agreement have practical significance in the future network with multi path transmission.

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Wisam Dawood Abdullah. "EVALUATION OF VOIP TRAFFICS OVER TIKRIT UNIVERSITY NETWORKS." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 21, no. 1 (February 4, 2023): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v21i1.964.

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In recent years, VoIP is a rapidly evolving technology that could possibly revolutionize the telecommunication industry. When implemented on wireless data networks, VoIP could prove to be instrumental in the convergence of existing fixed and cellular telephony networks with the fast growing wired and wireless data networks. Whereas, the growth of the VoIP applications with additional mobile devices in the institution of higher education and increasing number of users led to slow VoIP services. In addition, the throughput and latency (or delay, jitter, and jabber) are two of the most important issues that need to be resolved before the commercial deployment of wireless VoIP. The trace composes of two parts: firstly, collecting of data, secondly, performing the traffics analysis. Therefore, we have analyzed the performance offered by SCTP, TCP and UDP over VoIP at Tikrit University, Iraq. In this paper, we can see that the kind of performance given by SCTP is best then UDP, but the latency is decreased it performance significantly compared to UDP and the SCTP throughput is looks in a better manner. The measurements were verified by simulating the VoIP traffics using Network Simulator 2

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Jaiganesh, B., and R. Ramachandran. "Enhancement of SCTP Performance during Handoff Process." i-manager's Journal on Software Engineering 5, no. 3 (March 15, 2011): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jse.5.3.1386.

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Stewart, R., and C. Metz. "SCTP: new transport protocol for TCP/IP." IEEE Internet Computing 5, no. 6 (2001): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4236.968833.

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Budzisz, Łukasz, Johan Garcia, Anna Brunstrom, and Ramon Ferrús. "A taxonomy and survey of SCTP research." ACM Computing Surveys 44, no. 4 (August 2012): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2333112.2333113.

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Hayes, David A., Jason But, and Grenville Armitage. "Issues with network address translation for SCTP." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 39, no. 1 (December 31, 2008): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1496091.1496095.

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Chowdhury, Md Ibrahim, and Imran Hossain Jony. "An Experimental Study of SCTP in NS2." Network Protocols and Algorithms 6, no. 3 (August 14, 2014): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/npa.v6i3.5535.

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Cui, Lin, and Seok Koh. "Chunk Checksum of SCTP for Throughput Enhancement." IEEE Communications Letters 10, no. 11 (November 2006): 796–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2006.060184.

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Pfutzenreuter, Elvis, and Luis Fernando Friedrich. "Performance Evaluation of SCTP Protocol in Linux." IEEE Latin America Transactions 5, no. 3 (June 2007): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2007.4378501.

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Ladha, Sourabh, Stephan Baucke, Reiner Ludwig, and Paul D. Amer. "On making SCTP robust to spurious retransmissions." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 34, no. 2 (April 2004): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/997150.997161.

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Zarrelli, Roberto, Mario Petrone, and Angelo Iannaccio. "Enabling PVM to exploit the SCTP protocol." Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 66, no. 11 (November 2006): 1472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2006.04.015.

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Unurkhaan, Esbold, Erwin P. Rathgeb, and Andreas Jungmaier. "Secure SCTP – A Versatile Secure Transport Protocol." Telecommunication Systems 27, no. 2-4 (October 2004): 273–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:tels.0000041012.85567.54.

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Zou, Jianping, M. Ümit Uyar, Mariusz A. Fecko, and Sunil Samtani. "Throughput models for SCTP with parallel subflows." Computer Networks 50, no. 13 (September 2006): 2160–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2005.08.001.

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Koh, Seok-Joo, and Jong-Shik Ha. "Experimentation and Analysis of SCTP Throughput by MuIti-homing." KIPS Transactions:PartC 13C, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/kipstc.2006.13c.2.235.

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Williams, R., D. Clarke, L. Graham, R. Hawkins, B. Cundill, A. Ellwood, A. Farrin, et al. "102 Process Evaluation Exploring the Delivery and Uptake of Posture and Mobility Training for Staff in Care Homes." Age and Ageing 49, Supplement_1 (February 2020): i34—i36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz196.04.

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Abstract Introduction Provision of care for care home residents with complex needs is challenging. Physiotherapists can play a major role in enhancing the confidence, skills and abilities of care home staff. The Skilful Care Training Package (SCTP) aims to provide staff with an understanding of good posture and training in skilled facilitation of movement. This process evaluation explored barriers and facilitators to delivery and uptake of the SCTP within the context of a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) in 10 care homes. Methods A mixed methods process evaluation, incorporating non-participant observations and interviews, conducted in the five care homes receiving the SCTP intervention. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim; resident conversations were captured via a Dictaphone and/or field-notes. Data analysis used the Framework approach. Results Fourteen staff training sessions were observed. Interviews with 22 staff and four trainers, and 13 conversations with residents were completed. Five factors influenced delivery and uptake of the SCTP:Organisational factors: strategies to publicise and facilitate access to training improved attendance; a convenient training location and trainer flexibility encouraged attendance and staff engagement.Intervention delivery: a practical participatory element to the training was highly valued; adapting the training to meet the needs of the homes was well-received.Engagement and interaction: relating training to workplace and residents’ experiences engaged staff; high levels of engagement and positive interaction within the training sessions were reported; challenges relating to staff hierarchy affected training delivery in some homes.Intervention content: posture and mobility elements were seen as important; however, some repetition with prior training was highlighted.Training impact: there were indications that staff adopted SCTP techniques. Staff reported an increase in their wellbeing and confidence in movement facilitation; cascade training was reported in some homes. Conclusions Training was well-received, and feedback on its impact was largely positive. Practical elements were viewed favourably over classroom-based learning. Intervention content should be revised to optimise focus and avoid overlap with other training.

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Dutt, Sarthika, Astha Sharma, and Anuj Saxena. "Multihoming in Multihomed AD HOC Networks with SCTP." International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering 6, no. 8 (August 31, 2018): 978–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26438/ijcse/v6i8.978982.

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XU, De-li, Fei SONG, De-yun GAO, and Huan YAN. "SCTP-based concurrent multipath transfer in wireless network." Journal of Computer Applications 30, no. 9 (November 30, 2010): 2515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2010.02515.

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Han, Li, Shimin Sun, Bokgyu Joo, and Sunyoung Han. "QoS-Based Path Switching Mechanism in Mobile SCTP." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 10, no. 9 (January 2014): 282181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/282181.

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Mohana Geetha, D., S. K. Muthusundar, M. Subramaniam, and Kathirvel Ayyaswamy. "Temporary Redundant Transmission Mechanism for SCTP Multihomed Hosts." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/158697.

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In SCTP’s Concurrent Multipath Transfer, if data is sent to the destined IP(s) without knowledge of the paths condition, packets may be lost or delayed. This is because of the bursty nature of IP traffic and physical damage to the network. To offset these problems, network path status is examined using our new mechanism Multipath State Aware Concurrent Multipath Transfer using redundant transmission (MSACMT-RTv2). Here the status of multiple paths is analyzed, initially and periodically thereafter transmitted. After examination, paths priority is assigned before transmission. One path is temporarily employed as redundant path for the failure-expected path (FEP); this redundant path is used for transmitting redundant data. At the end of predefined period, reliability of the FEP is confirmed. If FEP is ensured to be reliable, temporary path is transformed into normal CMT path. MSACMT-RTv2 algorithm is simulated using the Delaware University ns-2 SCTP/CMT module (ns-2; V2.29). We present and discuss MSACMT-RTv2 performance in asymmetric path delay and with finite receiver buffer (rbuf) size. We extended our experiment to test robustness of this algorithm and inferred exhaustive result. It is inferred that our algorithm outperforms better in terms of increasing the throughput and reducing the latency than existing system.

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WANG, Feng-hua, Dong-liang XIE, and Peng ZHANG. "SCTP performance improvement based on virtual receiver window." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 20, no. 3 (June 2013): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(13)60051-5.

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