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Journal articles on the topic 'SCRoF'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Tang, Weiyong, Dave Youngren, Michael SantaMaria, and Sanath Kumar. "On-Engine Investigation of SCR on Filters (SCRoF) for HDD Passive Applications." SAE International Journal of Engines 6, no. 2 (April 8, 2013): 862–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1066.

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2

W. Hartati, Yeni, Tia A. Setiawati, Titin Sofyatin, Fitrilawati Fitrilawati, Anni Anggraeni, and Shabarni Gaffar. "Electrochemical DNA biosensor for detection of pork (Sus scrof) using screen printed carbon-reduced graphene oxide electrode." ScienceAsia 46, no. 1 (2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2020.011.

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3

Martinovic, Ferenc, Lidia Castoldi, and Fabio Alessandro Deorsola. "Aftertreatment Technologies for Diesel Engines: An Overview of the Combined Systems." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060653.

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The abatement of the pollutants deriving from diesel engines in the vehicle sector still represents an interesting scientific and technological challenge due to increasingly limiting regulations. Meeting the stringent limits of NOx and soot emissions requires a catalytic system with great complexity, size of units, and number of units, as well as increased fuel consumption. Thus, an after-treatment device for a diesel vehicle requires the use of an integrated catalyst technology for a reduction in the individual emissions of exhaust gas. The representative technologies devoted to the reduction of NOx under lean-burn operation conditions are selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and the lean NOx trap (LNT), while soot removal is mainly performed by filters (DPF). These devices are normally used in sequence, or a combination of them has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the individual devices. This review summarizes the current state of NOx and soot abatement strategies. The main focus of this review is on combined technologies for NOx removal (i.e., LNT–SCR) and for the simultaneous removal of NOx and soot, like SCR-on-Filter (SCRoF), in series LNT/DPF and SCR/DPF, and LNT/DPF and SCR/DPF hybrid systems.
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4

Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, José Albertino Rafael, and Marta Wolff. "Pig (sus scrof) decomposition in lotic and lentic aquatic systems as tool for determination a postmortem submersion interval in the andean amazon, Caquetá, Colombia." Boletín Científico Centro de Museos Museo de Historia Natural 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2019.23.1.3.

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Objectives: Analyze the succession of insects associated with the decomposition of bodies in two aquatic ecosystems in the Andean Amazon. Scope: Provide information on the insects associated with bodies that decompose within aquatic habitats and the duration times of each decomposition phase as a tool for the determination of the post-mortem submerged interval (PMSI). Methodology: Three carcasses were placed in a stream and three in a lake, the sampling carried out every five hours, from the moment of death to its skeletonization. Main results: Total decomposition lasted for 14 days in the stream and 16 days in the lake. Six decomposition stages were observed: submerged fresh, early floating, floating decay, bloated deterioration, floating remains and sunken remains. A total of 1172 organisms were collected on the carcasses in the stream and 1585 in the lake. Trophic relationships identified were: Shredders, collectors, predators, necrophages, sarcosaprophages and incidentals. In the stream, the caddisfly shredders were the most representative organisms in the submerged fresh stage. In the lake, the mayfly shredders, and hemipterous and odonate predators, were the most representative organisms in the early floating stage. The necrophagous and sarcosaprophagous diptera were the most representative organisms in the stages exposed to the surface in both ecosystems. Conclusions: The PMSI for both carcasses was similar in the two habitats, each showing six stages of decomposition, confirming that decomposition in lotic and lentic ecosystems is different from that observed for terrestrial environments.
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5

Iannucci, Alessio. "On the Authorship, Availability, and Improper Use of Sus scrofa ferus for Referring to Wild Pigs." Taxonomy 2, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy2010007.

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The wild boar, Sus scrofa, is one of the most successful large mammals in terms of geographic distribution. Along with its domestic descendant, the pig, they are extremely important animals for conservation, economy, human sustenance, and well-being. Naming wild and domestic pigs in a way that allows them to be distinguished effectively and unambiguously is crucial for a number of studies in archaeozoology, biomedicine, genetics, epidemiology, paleontology, and wildlife management. Sus scrofa ferus, or less commonly, Sus ferus, is often used to refer to wild populations, frequently in opposition to S. scrofa domesticus, or S. domesticus in reference to domestic pigs. Here, it is argued that S. scrofa ferus is available for nomenclatural purposes but should not be regarded as valid from a taxonomic perspective. Authors should refer wild populations to valid subspecies, e.g., S. scrofa scrofa, or to S. scrofa ssp., when information on the subspecific status is not available or relevant for the research questions under consideration. This remark is not a mere nomenclatural clarification, because the potential identification of differences between wild boar taxa is often hidden behind a simplistic dichotomy between wild and domestic forms.
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6

Costa, Deiler Sampaio, and José Frederico Straggiotti Silva. "Wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) seminiferous tubules morphometry." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49, no. 5 (September 2006): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132006000600008.

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The aim of this data was to analyze morphology and function of the seminiferous tubule in adult wild boars. Testes removed by unilateral castration of five animals were used. The testicular parenchyma was composed by 82.1±2.2% of seminiferous tubule and 17.9±2.2% of intertubular tissue. The tubular diameter was 249.2±33.0 µm and the seminiferous tubule lenght per gram of testis was 19.3±4.9m. The spermatogonial mitoses efficiency coefficient, meiotic index and spermatogenesis efficiency were 10.34, 2.71 and 30.5 respectively. Each Sertoli cell supported about 13 germinatives cells. The hystometric parameters studied were very similar to those related for domestic boars, however, the wild boars intrinsic efficiency of spermatogenesis and Sertoli cells indexes were smaller than in domestic boars.
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7

Mohammad Fauzi, Muhammad Najmi, Abdul Syakur Aqil Mat Anuar, Irfan Ezani Shuhaimi, Nur Fazidah Asmuje @Asmuzi, Nur Dalila A'wani Abd Aziz, and Tg Ainul Farha Tg Abdul Rahman. "Bibliometrics Analysis of Research Publications Related to Sus scrofa domesticus." Sains Insani 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol5no2.135.

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Halal and toyyib are popular terms used among Muslims around the world. Food is one of the topics that have always been discussed among the scholars referred to as halal and toyyib. For Muslim, Sus scrofa domesticus or pig is known as one of the animals which is haram in Islam. The objectives of this study are to analyse trends related to Sus scrofa domesticus in existing research publications and to show the most suitable scope of research for future research purposes. This study uses bibliometrics analysis to examine the results of past publications on Sus scrofa domesticus related research. According to research articles, researchers found that majority of the previous research on Sus scrofa domesticus articles dominated journals by 97%. Most of the topics studied in the research related to Sus scrofa domesticus basically revolves around Islamic studies while research on the method of analysis conducted in the previous studies found that most studies on Sus scrofa domesticus is on scientific analysis. In the science area, the studies are divided into 10 areas. The areas of scientific discussion of Sus scrofa domesticus are biotechnology, biomedical, biochemistry, microbiology, system biology, agriculture, food science, nanotechnology, pharmacology and food engineering. In Islamic areas, the field of study that focuses on the analysis of the Islamic perspective is Islamic studies. It is found that research publications in Sus scrofa domesticus are more active in scientific analysis, compared to Islamic analysis. Therefore, the efforts of researchers in both scientific and Islamic analysis need to be balanced. Analysis of pigs in the Islamic perspective needs to be more productive to the development of Islamic studies. Advanced new study of Sus scrofa domesticus is expected to produce benefits to Muslims and society as a whole.
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Mambelli-Lisboa, Nicole, Juliana Mozer Sciani, Alvaro Rossan Brandão Prieto da Silva, and Irina Kerkis. "Co-Localization of Crotamine with Internal Membranes and Accentuated Accumulation in Tumor Cells." Molecules 23, no. 4 (April 20, 2018): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040968.

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Crotamine is a highly cationic; cysteine rich, cross-linked, low molecular mass cell penetrating peptide (CPP) from the venom of the South American rattlesnake. Potential application of crotamine in biomedicine may require its large-scale purification. To overcome difficulties related with the purification of natural crotamine (nCrot) we aimed in the present study to synthesize and characterize a crotamine analog (sCrot) as well investigate its CPP activity. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrates that sCrot and nCrot have equal molecular mass and biological function—the capacity to induce spastic paralysis in the hind limbs in mice. sCrot CPP activity was evaluated in a wide range of tumor and non-tumor cell tests performed at different time points. We demonstrate that sCrot-Cy3 showed distinct co-localization patterns with intracellular membranes inside the tumor and non-tumor cells. Time-lapse microscopy and quantification of sCrot-Cy3 fluorescence signalss in living tumor versus non-tumor cells revealed a significant statistical difference in the fluorescence intensity observed in tumor cells. These data suggest a possible use of sCrot as a molecular probe for tumor cells, as well as, for the selective delivery of anticancer molecules into these tumors.
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9

Syukron, Ahmad Aftah, and Isnaini Lilis Elviyanti. "Solusi Persamaan Schrodinger dengan Potensial Scraf II Hyperbolic menggunakan Pendekatan Semiklasik." JURNAL KRIDATAMA SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 4, no. 01 (June 30, 2022): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.53863/kst.v4i01.523.

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The particle system is affected by the Scraf II Hyperbolic potential. The solution for solving the Schrodinger equation with the Scraff II Hyperbolic potential uses a semiclassical approach, namely using the WKB approach. The WKB approach is used to obtain an equation for the energy spectrum that is affected by the Scraf II Hyperbolic potential. Keywords: The Schrodinger equation, Hyperbolic Scraf II potential, WKB approach
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10

Zhang, Yuting, Jingwen Song, Min Zhang, and Zhongyuan Deng. "Analysis Polyadenylation Signal Usage in Sus scrofa." Animals 12, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12020194.

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RNA polyadenylation is an important step in the messenger RNA (mRNA) maturation process, and the first step is recognizing the polyadenylation signal (PAS). The PAS type and distribution is a key determinant of post-transcriptional mRNA modification and gene expression. However, little is known about PAS usage and alternative polyadenylation (APA) regulation in livestock species. Recently, sequencing technology has enabled the generation of a large amount of sequencing data revealing variation in poly(A) signals and APA regulation in Sus scrofa. We identified 62,491 polyadenylation signals in Sus scrofa using expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences combined with RNA-seq analysis. The composition and usage frequency of polyadenylation signal in Sus scrofa is similar with that of human and mouse. The most highly conserved polyadenylation signals are AAUAAA and AUUAAA, used for over 63.35% of genes. In addition, we also analyzed the U/GU-rich downstream sequence (DSE) element, located downstream of the cleavage site. Our results indicate that APA regulation was widely occurred in Sus scrofa, as in other organisms. Our result was useful for the accurate annotation of RNA 3′ ends in Sus scrofa and the analysis of polyadenylation signal usage in Sus scrofa would give the new insights into the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation.
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11

Müller, K. B., and A. Herzog. "Morphometrische und morphologische Untersuchungen an Herzmuskelmitochondrien von Wildschweinen(Sus scrofa scrofa) und Hausschweinen(Sus scrofa domestica)." Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft 31, no. 4 (December 1985): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02241300.

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12

Hu, Xiao-Di, Xiao-Tian Yang, and En Yang. "The complete mitochondrial genome of European wild boar, Sus scrofa scrofa." Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, no. 5 (February 19, 2015): 3244–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1007366.

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13

Semaria Eva Elita Girsang and Sepwaningsih Silalahi. "THE EFFECT OF SCROL (SURVEY, CONNECTION, READ, OUTLINE, AND LOOK BACK) STRATEGY ON THE STUDENTS’ READING NARRATIVE TEXT AT GRADE VIII SMP SWASTA PTPN IV BAH JAMBI." Bilingual : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris 2, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36985/jbl.v2i2.249.

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This study aims to find the effect of the SCROL strategy (survey, relationship, reading, outline, retrospect) on the reading narrative of grade VIII students at PTPN IV Bah Jambi Private Middle School. There are several reference sources used in writing this research journal as well as conducting direct research on class VIII students of PTPN IV Bah Jambi Private Middle School. T.P. 2020/2021. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the SCROL strategy (survey, relationship, read, outline, look back) had a beneficial effect in improving students' narrative reading skills on the SCROL strategy (survey, relationship, reading, outline, looking back)
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14

Nikolov, I. S., B. C. Stoeckle, G. Markov, and R. Kuehn. "Substantial hybridisation between wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) and East Balkan pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica) in natural environment as a result of semi-wild rearing in Bulgaria." Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 1 (January 14, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/49/2015-cjas.

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The East Balkan pig (EBP) is a traditional domestic pig breed in Bulgaria managed in semi-wild conditions and well-adapted to the continental climate and rearing on pastures. From the genetical and historical point of view it is important to preserve this ancient breed. However, over the last several years, a dramatic decline of EBP herds has been observed. Moreover, introgression between EBP and wild boar in Bulgaria (WBB) is very likely to have occurred. In this study we used a set of 10 microsatellites and the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method on melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms to study the degree of hybridisation between WBB, EBP, and a commercial pig breed (CPB). MC1R results identified WBB-EBP hybrids and the analysis of the microsatellite data with a Bayesian assignment approach and the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components revealed a low genetic differentiation between WBB and EBP and a high amount of introgression of WBB into EBP. A mentionable introgression of CPB into EBP was also revealed. It is apparent that the traditional rearing system of EBP, which is hundreds of years old, has led to a permanent hybridisation between WBB and EBP. In our opinion, the preservation of the semi-wild rearing system is a prerequisite for the conservation of this old, indigenous pig breed and its genetic composition, as the semi-wild rearing system allows the continuous introgression with WBB. Moreover, the introgression of commercial breeds into EBP or WBB should be prevented. Due to the bidirectional gene flow these hybridisation events would have negative consequences (i.e. loss of viability and adaptation) for the wild boars as well as for the indigenous pig breed.
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15

DeBusk, Hunter, Levi Dixon, Joellen Gill, and Richard Gill. "Measuring the Static Coefficient of Friction of Non-Fluid Contaminants." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631385.

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The purpose of our study was to evaluate whether there are differences between measuring the static coefficient of friction (SCOF) of a non-fluid contaminant when it is directly attached to a tribometer test foot, or “Attached”, versus when it is lying loose on the floor, or “Loose”. The non-fluid materials used in this study included Mylar, Cardboard, Terrycloth Bathmat, and Terrycloth Bathmat with Rubberized Silicon Backing; the floor material was porcelain tile. In addition, 10 participants subjectively rated the “slipperiness” of each material by pushing the materials with one foot across the porcelain tile. The findings of this study revealed that within each technique, Attached and Loose, the measurements were consistent and reliable. Furthermore, both techniques resulted in identical ordering of the materials from lowest to highest SCOF, which was verified by the human subjects’ subjective ratings of slipperiness. However, the Loose technique SCOF values were slightly but consistently greater than the Attached technique SCOF values; the Loose tests of the entire bathmats were found to have greater SCOF values when compared to Loose tests of small samples. These findings suggest that when investigating a specific slip event, a practitioner should measure the SCOF of the non-fluid contaminant using the technique which most closely represents the conditions of the slip event.
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16

GOEBEL, G. "THE ORIGIN OF SCROD." American Speech 77, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-77-4-419.

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17

Ciotola, Francesca, Sara Albarella, Giuseppe Scopino, Santo Carpino, Francesco Monaco, and Vincenzo Peretti. "Crossbreeding Effect on Genome Stability in Pig (Sus scrofa scrofa)." Folia Biologica 62, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3409/fb62_1.23.

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18

Groot Bruinderink, G. W. T. A., E. Hazebroek, and H. van der Voot. "Diet and condition of wild boar,Sus scrofu scrofu, without supplementary feeding." Journal of Zoology 233, no. 4 (August 1994): 631–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1994.tb05370.x.

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19

Ayres, Bryan N., Angela M. James, Morgan E. Wehtje, and William L. Nicholson. "Rickettsial Agents Detected in Ixodid Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Collected from Sus scrofa (Artiodactyla: Suidae) in Florida and South Carolina." Journal of Entomological Science 57, no. 3 (June 22, 2022): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/jes21-63.

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Abstract Feral swine, Sus scrofa L., have become a nuisance to landowners across the United States by damaging agriculture, property, and ecosystems. Additionally, these animals have been found to host various ixodid ticks including Amblyomma americanum (L.), Amblyomma maculatum Koch, Dermacentor variabilis (Say), and Ixodes scapularis Say, which can maintain and transmit several rickettsial pathogens to livestock, wildlife, and humans. Though previous research has identified the maintenance cycle of several rickettsial pathogens in ticks and native wildlife, little is known about the role S. scrofa plays in supporting ixodid ticks and the pathogens these ticks could be harboring. This study sought to identify rickettsial agents (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae and Rickettsiaceae) in ticks collected from S. scrofa obtained in Florida and South Carolina. Overall, ticks from four species (A. americanum, D. variabilis, I. scapularis, and A. maculatum) totaling 258 collected individuals were obtained from S. scrofa (n = 45). We found an Ehrlichia chaffeensis Anderson et al. infection prevalence in A. americanum of 2.7% and 2.9% in Florida and South Carolina, respectively. A Rickettsia parkeri Lackman et al. prevalence of 100% and 33% was found in A. maculatum from Florida and South Carolina, respectively. Additionally, a 0.9% infection prevalence of R. parkeri was identified in A. americanum collected in South Carolina. A 1.9% Ehrlichia ewingii Anderson et al. infection prevalence was documented in collected A. americanum in South Carolina. Further studies are warranted to better understand the role S. scrofa plays in the natural maintenance of rickettsial agents in various regions of the United States.
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20

Mehsein, K., G. Delahay, N. Villain, and N. Moral. "Comparison of Vehicle Aged SCR Catalyst on a Particulate Filter (SCRF) with Oven Aged Equivalent." International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 3 (October 3, 2019): 6918–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.16.3.2019.07.0519.

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To meet forthcoming Euro 6 Diesel engines NOx emissions legislation; highly efficient after-treatment systems are required. The use of urea or ammonia SCR is a well-established solution for high NOx abatement for diesel engines. The combination of a Cu-Zeolite SCR catalyst and a diesel particulate filter has been widely investigated in recent years to respond to the European NOx emissions regulations especially for those on light-duty vehicles. The after-treatment systems are preferred to be durable during the entirety of vehicle use. Indeed, the SCRF system must withstand the temperature resulting from the active regeneration of the particulate filter continuously. A 160,000 km vehicle aged SCRF catalyst which has endured more than 91 hours at temperatures superior to 600°C during the regeneration of the particulate filter was compared to an SCRF catalyst aged in the laboratory oven for 16 hours at 800°C with 10% H2O. The vehicle aged SCR has not only been exposed to the hydrothermal ageing generated by the diesel particulate regeneration but also has seen chemical elements from urea decomposition, soot accumulation, engine oil and fuel residues. In this paper, deeper comprehension of the behaviour the SCRF catalyst during vehicle ageing was exposed. It is evident that the loss of NOx activity is not only due to the regeneration of the particulate filter but also to the possible contamination from the urea injection and the elements present in the diesel fuel and engine oil. XRF results demonstrate that the concentrations of poisoning elements coming from the engine oil or fuel are concentrated mainly at the outlet of vehicle aged SCRF catalyst. Also, results reveal that the poisoning elements have affected the SCR activity of the vehicle aged SCRF catalyst. Finally, it was possible to establish a correlation between a 160,000 km vehicle aged SCRF catalyst and an equivalent SCRF aged for 16 hours at 800°C.
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21

Beden, Sadeer, Qiushi Cao, and Arnold Beckmann. "SCRO: A Domain Ontology for Describing Steel Cold Rolling Processes towards Industry 4.0." Information 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12080304.

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This paper introduces the Steel Cold Rolling Ontology (SCRO) to model and capture domain knowledge of cold rolling processes and activities within a steel plant. A case study is set up that uses real-world cold rolling data sets to validate the performance and functionality of SCRO. This includes using the Ontop framework to deploy virtual knowledge graphs for data access, data integration, data querying, and condition-based maintenance purposes. SCRO is evaluated using OOPS!, the ontology pitfall detection system, and feedback from domain experts from Tata Steel.
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22

De Assis Ribeiro, Lucas, Tiago Machado Vieira, Frederico Ozanam Carneiro e Silva, Henrique Inhauser Riceti Magalhães, Ygor Henrique de Paula, Fabiano Braz Romão, Jeferson Borges Barcelos, and Roseâmely Angélica de Carvalho-Barros. "Anatomia comparativa da artéria facial de Sus scrofa scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Suidae)." Biotemas 30, no. 4 (December 8, 2017): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2017v30n4p73.

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O javali encontra-se amplamente distribuído pelo homem em diversas partes do mundo, com exceção da Antártica. É sabido que a artéria facial e seus ramos são responsáveis por manter o suprimento sanguíneo das estruturas relacionadas com a mastigação, deglutição e produção de saliva. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se descrever as origens e distribuições das artérias faciais direita e esquerda do javali. As artérias faciais deste suídeo originaram-se da artéria carótida externa em todos os espécimes e distribuíram-se em ramos faríngeo, glandulares, musculares e ramos para linfonodos mandibulares. Ramos anastomóticos da artéria facial com a bucal e com o ramo milo-hioideo da artéria alveolar inferior foram identificados. Essa característica demonstra que a região de alocação da artéria facial nesses animais necessita de um expressivo contingente para irrigação, colaborando muito com sua eficácia funcional, bem como com o modus viventis deste animal.
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Mundim, M. J. S., A. V. Mundim, A. L. Q. Santos, D. D. Cabral, E. S. M. Faria, and F. M. Moraes. "Helmintos e protozoários em fezes de javalis (Sus scrofa scrofa) criados em cativeiro." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 56, no. 6 (December 2004): 792–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352004000600015.

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24

Kaden, V., J. P. Teifke, and U. Polster. "Progressive atrophische Rhinitis — eine seltene Erkrankung beim Schwarzwild (Sus scrofa scrofa L. 1758)." Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft 47, no. 1 (March 2001): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02242410.

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25

Chen, Pengfei, Ying Lu, Hanchao Gao, Mingtao Li, David K. C. Cooper, and Lisha Mou. "Sequence alignment analysis of proteins involved in platelet-endothelial cell interaction identifies molecular incompatibilities between Homo sapiens and Sus scrofa." Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics 3, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jbei.v3n1p51.

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Background: Platelets play a vital role in acute humoral xenograft rejection (AHXR) in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation, presenting as microvascular thrombosis in the graft and/or consumptive coagulopathy in the recipient. Adhesion and aggregation of primate platelets to the activated vascular endothelial cells through sequential binding of ligands on endothelial cells and subendothelial matrix ultimately trigger a complex biological process of prothrombotic signaling cascades. Increasing evidence suggests that the molecular incompatibilities in effector molecules across species may partially contribute to dysregulated microvascular thrombosis in xenografts. Method: We selected candidate genes from the NCBI database with keywords: platelet-endothelium interaction，platelet adhension, platelet aggregation, and subendothelial matrix ligands. Pair-wise amino acid alignments were made using the Emboss Needle method. Emboss needle created optimal global alignment of the amino acid sequences of human genes and pig genes using ClustalW2.Results: Most of the proteins involved in platelet-EC interaction in Homo sapiens share high sequence similarity with their homologues in Sus scrofa. Cytokines that potentially induce endothelial damage (such as CD40L, TNF-α) were highly conserved between Homo sapiens and Sus scrofa. Some endothelium-derived cytokines (such as IL-8, CCL2, CCL5) that can induce platelet activation or enhance aggregation share high sequence similarity between Homo sapiens and sus scrofa. Some regulators that potentially transduce inhibitory signaling to control platelet activation or complement activation have relatively poor sequence identity between Homo sapiens and Sus scrofa, and some even lack their homologues in Sus scrofa.Conclusion: The characteristic of sequence similarity of proteins involved in platelet-EC interaction indicated the molecular incompatibilities between humans (Homo sapiens) and pigs (Sus scrofa). This study provides a clue for explanation of excessive platelet activity in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation.
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Nasri, Rim, Islem Younes, Imen Lassoued, Sofiane Ghorbel, Olfa Ghorbel-Bellaaj, and Moncef Nasri. "Digestive Alkaline Proteases from Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, Raja clavata, and Scorpaena scrofa: Characteristics and Application in Chitin Extraction." Journal of Amino Acids 2011 (September 4, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/913616.

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The aim of this work was to study some biochemical characteristics of crude alkaline protease extracts from the viscera of goby (Zosterisessor ophiocephalus), thornback ray (Raja clavata), and scorpionfish (Scorpaena scrofa), and to investigate their applications in the deproteinization of shrimp wastes. At least four caseinolytic proteases bands were observed in zymogram of each enzyme preparation. The optimum pH for enzymatic extracts activities of Z. ophiocephalus, R. clavata, and S. scrofa were 8.0-9.0, 8.0, and 10.0, respectively. Interestingly, all the enzyme preparations were highly stable over a wide range of pH from 6.0 to 11.0. The optimum temperatures for enzyme activity were 50∘C for Z. ophiocephalus and R. clavata and 55∘C for S. scrofa crude alkaline proteases. Proteolytic enzymes showed high stability towards non-ionic surfactants (5% Tween 20, Tween 80, and Triton X-100). In addition, crude proteases of S. scrofa, R. clavata, and Z. ophiocephalus were found to be highly stable towards oxidizing agents, retaining 100%, 70%, and 66%, respectively, of their initial activity after incubation for 1 h in the presence of 1% sodium perborate. They were, however, highly affected by the anionic surfactant SDS. The crude alkaline proteases were tested for the deproteinization of shrimp waste in the preparation of chitin. All proteases were found to be effective in the deproteinization of shrimp waste. The protein removals after 3 h of hydrolysis at 45∘C with an enzyme/substrate ratio (E/S) of 10 were about 76%, 76%, and 80%, for Z. ophiocephalus, R. clavata, and S. scrofa crude proteases, respectively. These results suggest that enzymatic deproteinization of shrimp wastes by fish endogenous alkaline proteases could be applicable to the chitin production process.
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DE CARVALHO, CARLOS NETO, FERNANDO MUÑIZ, ZAIN BELAÚSTEGUI, JOÃO BELO, PAULA GÓMEZ, ANTONIO TOSCANO, MÁRIO CACHÃO, et al. "PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF LARGE-SIZED WILD BOAR TRACKS RECORDED DURING THE LAST INTERGLACIAL (MIS 5) AT HUELVA (SW SPAIN)." PALAIOS 35, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2020.058.

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ABSTRACT Well-preserved tracks of the wild boar Sus scrofa are described from the Matalascañas Trampled Surface (MTS) in the upper Pleistocene aeolian basal unit of the El Asperillo Cliff, Huelva (southwestern Spain). These are the first published tracks of suid pigs in the fossil record, here formally described as Suidichnus galani igen. and isp. nov. A revision of valid artiodactyl ichnogenera is provided for comparison. The large size of wild boar found in the Late Pleistocene of Spain contradicts the general trend towards smaller size known for the evolution of the species and the Bergmann's ecogeographical rule for the extant subspecies. In the present case, the remarkable large size that can be reached by these tracks is discussed as an ecomorphological adaptation of wild boars to either resource bonanza, and/or predation pressure during the Last Interglacial. The large S. scrofa scrofa identified in MTS corresponds to some of the earliest evidences known to this subspecies in Iberia.
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Barja, B., and J. C. Antuña. "The effect of optically thin cirrus clouds on solar radiation in Camagüey, Cuba." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 16 (August 24, 2011): 8625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8625-2011.

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Abstract. The effect of optically thin cirrus clouds on solar radiation is analyzed by numerical simulation, using lidar measurements of cirrus conducted at Camagüey, Cuba. Sign and amplitude of the cirrus clouds effect on solar radiation is evaluated. There is a relation between the solar zenith angle and solar cirrus cloud radiative forcing (SCRF) present in the diurnal cycle of the SCRF. Maximums of SCRF out of noon located at the cirrus cloud base height are found for the thin and opaque cirrus clouds. The cirrus clouds optical depth (COD) threshold for having double SCRF maximum out of noon instead of a single one at noon was 0.083. In contrast, the heating rate shows a maximum at noon in the location of cirrus clouds maximum extinction values. Cirrus clouds have a cooling effect in the solar spectrum at the Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) and at the surface (SFC). The daily mean value of SCRF has an average value of −9.1 W m−2 at TOA and −5.6 W m−2 at SFC. The cirrus clouds also have a local heating effect on the atmospheric layer where they are located. Cirrus clouds have mean daily values of heating rates of 0.63 K day−1 with a range between 0.35 K day−1 and 1.24 K day−1. The principal effect is in the near-infrared spectral band of the solar spectrum. There is a linear relation between SCRF and COD, with −30 W m−2 COD−1 and −26 W m−2 COD−1, values for the slopes of the fits at the TOA and SFC, respectively, in the broadband solar spectrum.
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Yoshidomi, Tsukasa, Kensuke Hirose, Takeshi Kuge, Yukio Okada, Yaetsu Kurosawa, Tatsuya Takizawa, and Kazuaki Tanaka. "Detection of copy number variation of alpha amylase genes in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) and wild boars (Sus scrofa)." Czech Journal of Animal Science 66, No. 3 (March 2, 2021): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/61/2020-cjas.

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Copy numbers of alpha amylase genes (AMY), which encode starch-digesting enzymes, are markedly increased in modern humans and domesticated dogs as an adaptive evolutionary mechanism in response to increased consumption of starch-rich foods acquired either by farming or domestication. In this study, we surveyed total AMY gene copy numbers in 150 domestic pigs (50 pigs of Berkshire breed, 50 of Landrace breed, and 50 of Large White breed) and 51 wild boars (30 Sus scrofa leucomystax and 21 S. s. riukiuanus) to identify whether the gene copy number has changed during the domestication of pigs. The relative copy number of AMY genes was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and it varied from 2.7 to 10.8 per haploid genome among individuals. However, in the four remaining populations, excluding S. s. riukiuanus, the average copy number was approximately six, and no significant differences were observed between the three selected pig breeds and S. s. leucomystax wild boar. Conversely, S. s. riukiuanus had an average of 7.2 copies. The results indicating six AMY copies per haploid genome were consistent with the porcine genome reference sequence (Sscrofa11.1). These results suggest that there has been no significant increase in the AMY gene copy number during the domestication process of pigs.
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Génard, Michel, Françoise Lescourret, and Guy Durrieu. "Mycophagie chez le sanglier et hypothèses sur son rôle dans la dissémination des spores de champignons hypogés." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 2324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-347.

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Microscopic study of wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) faeces collected in the French Mediterranean zone reveals a frequent consumption of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Hypogeous species are predominant. Mycophagy is more important in forest stands than in open areas. Hypotheses are proposed on the role of the wild boar in the dissemination of hypogeous fungi spores, which is necessary for forest regeneration: the boar would not play an important role in the recolonization of deforested areas, but may favour the genie mixing of spatially separated fungi populations.
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Kratiuk, O. L. "ВИДОВИЙ СКЛАД ТА ДИНАМІКА ЧИСЕЛЬНОСТІ РАТИЧНИХ ARTIODACTYLA У ВОЛЬЄРАХ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ ЖИТОМИРСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ." Scientific Bulletin of UNFU 28, no. 3 (April 26, 2018): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/40280307.

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Досліджено видовий склад та динаміку чисельності ратичних тварин у вольєрах на території Житомирської області. Площа вольєрів регіону становить 941,7 га. На 2004 р. на території області існувало 4 вольєри загальною площею 374,2 га. Упродовж 2005–2009 рр. площа вольєрів змінювалася від 117,2 га у 2005 р. до 178,2 га у 2009 р., у 2011 р. вона вже становила 576,7 га, а у 2016 р. – 715,2 га. У вольєрах Житомирської обл. утримують Cervus nippon, Cervus elaphus, Sus scrofa, Capreolus capreolus, Dama dama, Ovis ammon загальною чисельністю 561 особина, яка за період 2004–2017 рр. зросла у 5 разів. На початку ХХІ ст. на території області існувало 4 вольєри, у яких утримували 46 особин Cervus nippon та 75 особин Sus scrofa. До 2011 р. у вольєрах регіону утримували виключно ці види. У 2013 р. більше половини всього поголів'я (52,4 %) становила Sus scrofa, то за два роки – у 2016 р. – її частка становила вже 40,0 %, а на початку 2018 р. – тільки 20,0 %. Найстійкішою у господарствах регіону залишається популяція Cervus nippon, чисельність якого змінюється в межах 40–56 особин. Встановлено, що зміна чисельності Sus scrofa за роками дуже істотна: від 15 особин (2005–2007 рр.) до 185 (2014 р.). Користувачі дедалі частіше надають перевагу Cervus elaphus, чисельність якого у вольєрах за останні роки зросла до 166 особин. Упродовж 2012–2017 рр. чисельність Ovis ammon, Capreolus capreolus та Dama dama у господарствах області поступово зростає, як зростає і кількість самих господарств, де їх утримують.
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Chiaro, Mario A. Del, and Simonetta Stopponi. "La Tomba della "Scrofa Nera"." Classical World 78, no. 6 (1985): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4349784.

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33

Nyenhuis, H. "Gefleckte Frischlinge (Sus scrofa L.)." Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft 42, no. 3 (September 1996): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02242547.

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34

Bruinderink, Geert W. T. A. Groot, and Ed Hazebroek. "Modelling carrying capacity for wild boar Sus scrofa scrofa in a forest/heathland ecosystem." Wildlife Biology 1, no. 1 (January 1995): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/wlb.1995.0013.

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35

Quaresma, M. A. G., Susana P. Alves, I. Trigo-Rodrigues, R. Pereira-Silva, N. Santos, J. P. C. Lemos, A. S. Barreto, and R. J. B. Bessa. "Nutritional evaluation of the lipid fraction of feral wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) meat." Meat Science 89, no. 4 (December 2011): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.05.005.

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36

Boadella, Mariana, Konstantin Lyashchenko, Reena Greenwald, Javan Esfandiari, Raquel Jaroso, Tania Carta, Joseba M. Garrido, Joaquín Vicente, José de la Fuente, and Christian Gortázar. "Serologic Tests for Detecting Antibodies againstMycobacterium BovisandMycobacterium AviumSubspeciesParatuberculosisin Eurasian Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa Scrofa)." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 23, no. 1 (January 2011): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063871102300111.

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37

Baubet, E., Y. Ropert-Coudert, and S. Brandt. "Seasonal and annual variations in earthworm consumption by wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa L.)." Wildlife Research 30, no. 2 (2003): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr00113.

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We investigated the annual and monthly patterns of earthworm consumption by wild boar in the Maurienne valley (Alps, France). A positive correlation (R2 = 0.79) was found between weather conditions and patterns of earthworm consumption. A positive correlation was also found between earthworm consumption rates and the occurence of 'worm nights', an easy and direct measure of earthworm availability.
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38

Oliveira, J. C. D., and R. Campos. "A Systematic Study of Brain Base Arteries in the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa scrofa)." Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C 34, no. 4 (August 2005): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00607.x.

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39

Piórkowska, Katarzyna, and Katarzyna Ropka-Molik. "Pig Genomics and Genetics." Genes 12, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12111692.

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40

Cita, K. D., R. A. Adila, R. I. Hardianto, M. F. Adib, and L. Setyaningsih. "Wildlife Camera Trapping: Estimating the Abundance of Sumatran Tiger’s Prey in Way Kambas National Park." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 959, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/959/1/012020.

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Abstract The Sumatran tiger is one of the endemic species in Indonesia which has been driven to extinction. This species has been categorized as critically endangered by IUCN and as Appendix I by CITES. Loss of prey is one of the threats to the Sumatran tiger’s population. It is an essential factor to maintain the existence of the Sumatran tiger. The study aimed to reveal the abundance of the Sumatran tiger prey using the camera trap method in Way Kambas National Park where one of the Sumatran tiger’s habitats. Our study was conducted from March until August 2020. We used 16 Camera traps which were divided into 2 Sites, Resort Pengelolaan Taman Nasional (RPTN) Sekapuk and Way Kanan. We found five species of Preys. They are wild boar (Sus scrofa), Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina), red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjac), and Mouse deer (Tragulus kanchil). The highest number of abundance was Sus scrofa (63%), and the lowest number of abundance was Rusa unicolor (0,94%). Our findings concluded that the potential preferred prey was Sus scrofa and Muntiacus muntjac.
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Li, Gairu, Wenyan Zhang, Ruyi Wang, Gang Xing, Shilei Wang, Xiang Ji, Ningning Wang, Shuo Su, and Jiyong Zhou. "Genetic Analysis and Evolutionary Changes of the Torque teno sus Virus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 2881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122881.

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The torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) is an emerging virus threating the Suidae species of unclear pathogenicity, although it was previously reported as a worsening factor of other porcine diseases, in particular, porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD). Here, a comprehensive codon usage analysis of the open reading frame 1 (ORF1), which encodes the viral capsid protein, was undertaken for the first time to reveal its evolutionary history. We revealed independent phylogenetic processes for the two genera during TTSuV evolution, which was confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). A low codon usage bias was observed in different genera and different species, with Kappatorquevirus a (TTSuVk2a) displaying the highest, which was mainly driven by mutation pressure and natural selection, especially natural selection. Overall, ATs were more abundant than GCs, along with more A-ended synonymous codons in relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis. To further confirm the role of natural selection and TTSuV adaptation to the Suidae species, codon adaptation index (CAI), relative codon deoptimization index (RCDI), and similarity index (SiD) analyses were performed, which showed different adaptations for different TTSuVs. Importantly, we identified a more dominant role of Sus scrofa in the evolution of Iotatorquevirus (TTSuV1), with the highest CAI values and lowest RCDI values compared to Sus scrofa domestica. However, in TTSuVk2, the roles of Sus scrofa and Sus scrofa domestica were the same, regarding codon usage, with similar CAI and RCDI values. Our study provides a new perspective of the evolution of TTSuV and valuable information to develop control measures against TTSuV.
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Kocaoglu, Baris, Goktug Firatli, and Tekin Kerem Ulku. "Partial Rotator Cuff Repair With Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using the Biceps Tendon Is as Effective as Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using a Tensor Fasciae Latae Autograft in the Treatment of Irreparable Massive Rotator Cuff Tears." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 232596712092252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120922526.

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Background: Several treatment options are available for stable massive rotator cuff tears, including partial repair with or without tissue augmentation, tendon transfer, superior capsular reconstruction (SCR), and reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes and effectiveness of partial rotator cuff repair with SCR using the long head of the biceps tendon (PRCR-SCRB) and SCR with a tensor fasciae latae autograft (SCRTF) for the treatment of rotator cuff tears with severe fatty degeneration. The hypothesis of this study was that SCRTF would be superior to PRCR-SCRB in functional and anatomic outcomes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 26 consecutive patients with massive and fatty degenerative rotator cuff tears were treated surgically. Patients were divided into either the PRCR-SCRB group (n = 14) or SCRTF group (n = 12). Functional outcomes were assessed at final follow-up, and the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) was measured. Results: All functional scores significantly improved in both groups at final follow-up. The PRCR-SCRB group showed better overall outcomes in terms of the visual analog scale for pain; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score; and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, but these differences were not statistically significant. Better outcomes were found for only the AHD for the PRCR-SCRB group without statistical significance ( P = .4). No statistical difference was found in terms of retear rate. Conclusion: PRCR-SCRB had comparable outcomes and improvement in AHD compared with SCRTF without the need for additional graft harvesting.
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43

Mohammadinejad, Fatemeh, Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi, Zahra Roudbari, and Tomasz Sadkowski. "Identification of Key Genes and Biological Pathways Associated with Skeletal Muscle Maturation and Hypertrophy in Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa." Animals 12, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 3471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12243471.

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The aim of the current study was to identify the major genes and pathways involved in the process of hypertrophy and skeletal muscle maturation that is common for Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa species. Gene expression profiles related to Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa muscle, with accession numbers GSE44030, GSE23563, and GSE38518, respectively, were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out using the Limma package of R software. Genes with Fold Change > 2 and an adjusted p-value < 0.05 were identified as significantly different between two treatments in each species. Subsequently, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Moreover, hub genes were detected by creating a protein–protein interaction network (PPI). The results of the analysis in Bos taurus showed that in the period of 280 dpc–3-months old, a total of 1839 genes showed a significant difference. In Ovis aries, however, during the period of 135dpc–2-months old, a total of 486 genes were significantly different. Additionally, in the 91 dpc–adult period, a total of 2949 genes were significantly different in Sus scrofa. The results of the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and GO function annotation in each species separately revealed that in Bos taurus, DEGs were mainly enriched through skeletal muscle fiber development and skeletal muscle contraction, and the positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation, positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development, PPAR signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. In Ovis aries, DEGs were mainly enriched through regulating cell growth, skeletal muscle fiber development, the positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation, skeletal muscle cell differentiation, and the PI3K-Akt signaling, HIF-1 signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways. In Sus scrofa, DEGs were mainly enriched through regulating striated muscle tissue development, the negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation and myoblast differentiation, and the HIF-1 signaling, AMPK signaling, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Using a Venn diagram, 36 common DEGs were identified between Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa. A biological pathways analysis of 36 common DEGs in Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa allowed for the identification of common pathways/biological processes, such as myoblast differentiation, the regulation of muscle cell differentiation, and positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development, that orchestrated the development and maturation of skeletal muscle. As a result, hub genes were identified, including PPARGC1A, MYOD1, EPAS1, IGF2, CXCR4, and APOA1, in all examined species. This study provided a better understanding of the relationships between genes and their biological pathways in the skeletal muscle maturation process.
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44

Lee, Seong-Min, and Woo-Shin Lee. "Selection of the Rubbing Trees by Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) and its Ecological Role in a Mixed Forest, Korea." Journal of Korean Forest Society 103, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.3.510.

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45

Prathalingam, N. S., K. Rust, M. E. Staines, G. J. McCallum, S. A. Edwards, P. R. English, and T. G. McEvoy. "Oocytes from gilts of domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) species exhibit similar developmental potential during in vitro maturation." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200598305.

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In vitro embryo production strategies have been considered as possible means to protect wild and endangered animal species through assisted breeding programmes. They also offer the possibility to preserve genetic material from such stock or to facilitate breeding in captivity. The relevant technologies, however, have been developed to meet the needs of oocytes and embryos of domesticated animals and their suitability for wild species remains largely unknown. This study investigated the ability of in vitro maturation procedures, designed for oocytes of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), to support the development of oocytes from wild boar (Sus scrofa)gilts.
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46

Prathalingam, N. S., K. Rust, M. E. Staines, G. J. McCallum, S. A. Edwards, P. R. English, and T. G. McEvoy. "Oocytes from gilts of domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) species exhibit similar developmental potential during in vitro maturation." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600033912.

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In vitro embryo production strategies have been considered as possible means to protect wild and endangered animal species through assisted breeding programmes. They also offer the possibility to preserve genetic material from such stock or to facilitate breeding in captivity. The relevant technologies, however, have been developed to meet the needs of oocytes and embryos of domesticated animals and their suitability for wild species remains largely unknown. This study investigated the ability of in vitro maturation procedures, designed for oocytes of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), to support the development of oocytes from wild boar (Sus scrofa)gilts.
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47

Redfern, Mark S. "Factors Influencing the Measurement of Slipperiness." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 9 (October 1988): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803200906.

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The evaluation and prevention of slips and falls require methods of quantifying the slipperiness of floors. The concept of coefficient of friction (COF) has been and continues to be commonly used as one such method. The objective of this paper is to present some results from investigations into the effects of vertical force and velocity on COF measures for different types of floors. Tests involving both static COF (SCOF) and dynamic COF (DCOF) measurements were performed under various conditions. It was found that the SCOF changed as a function of the vertical force used. Generally, the SCOF increased as the vertical force was increased. This was not true, however, for tile floors. It was also found that there was a significant first order interaction effect on the SCOF between vertical weight and the condition of the floor (wet or dry). The dynamic tests showed that velocity of the shoe material with respect to the floor had a large effect on the DCOF values obtained. The velocity effect was dependent on the shoe material and the conditions tested. Possible reasons for these findings and ramifications on slip testing are presented.
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48

Deksne, Gunita, and Muza Kirjušina. "Seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin Domestic Pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Latvia." Journal of Parasitology 99, no. 1 (February 2013): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/ge-3187.1.

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49

Marinou, K. A., V. G. Papatsiros, E. K. Gkotsopoulos, P. K. Odatzoglou, and L. V. Athanasiou. "Exposure of extensively farmed wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) to selected pig pathogens in Greece." Veterinary Quarterly 35, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2015.1022666.

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50

Lutz, Walburga. "Verbiegungen des Gesichtsschädels beim Wildschwein (Sus scrofa scrofa L.) als mögliche Folge einer Rhinitis atrophicans." Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft 34, no. 2 (June 1988): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02241910.

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