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Yang, Huarui, and Xuedong Ma. "Research on the screening mechanisms of composite vibrating screens based on discrete elements." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (October 19, 2023): e0293205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293205.
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To strengthen the screening efficiency of traditional vibrating screens, a new type of vibrating screen, namely the composite vibrating screen, has been proposed based on the Lissajous vibration synthesis theory. The working principles of composite vibrating screens have been explained. Numerical simulations of the sieving processes for such composite vibrating screens were carried out using the discrete element method. Compared with traditional linear vibrating screens, the force, stratification mechanisms, and throwing principles of the material on the screen’s surface were studied, and the vibrating screens’ material transportation and screening efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that with the existence of xyz three directions sub-vibrations of the composite vibrating screens, the material particle group is more diversified by the forces, the particle system is loose, the stratification effects are adequate, and the material is evenly distributed on the screen surfaces. Under the same vibration parameters, the composite vibrating screens’ screening efficiencies and material transportation capacities were better than those of linear vibrating screens. This work provides a necessary reference for the development and application of new composite vibrating screens.
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Gong, Sanpeng, Xinwen Wang, and Sebastian Oberst. "Non-linear Analysis of Vibrating Flip-flow Screens." MATEC Web of Conferences 221 (2018): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822104007.
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Vibrating flip-flow screens provide an effective solution for the screening of highly viscous or fine materials. Apart from other factors, the vibration characteristics of the main and floating screen frames are largely responsible for the flip-flow screen’s sifting performance and its processing capacity. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of a vibrating flip-flow screen with linear and nonlinear springs are compared. Analytical results highlight that increasing the relative amplitude and avoiding undesirable resonances of the main and the floating screen frames can be realised to improve the screen’s performance. The materials on the screen panel have less an effect on the vibration characteristics of the vibrating flip-flow screen with nonlinear springs than using linear springs. Other design parameters which influence the performance of vibrating flip-flow screens are discussed.
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Prieto-Lage, Iván, Christopher Vázquez-Estévez, Adrián Paramés-González, Juan Carlos Argibay-González, Xoana Reguera-López-de-la-Osa, and Alfonso Gutiérrez-Santiago. "Ball Screens in the Men’s 2019 Basketball World Cup." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010059.
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Background: The objective of this research was to analyse the effectiveness and search for successful patterns in ball screens in the men’s 2019 Basketball World Cup. Methods: The sample consisted of 515 ball screens obtained in critical moments. LINCE software was used as a registration instrument by means of an observational instrument designed ad hoc. A descriptive analysis and chi-square tests (χ2) were performed with SPSS 25.0 and a T-patterns analysis with Theme 5 software. Results: The results indicate that the criteria that have the most influence on this type of action are the result of the team executing the screen (winning, losing or tying), the type of offense and the defence used on the ball screen. The most representative patterns of success tend to take place between 9–16 s of possession, with the screeners being inside players and the screened players being outside players, and it is performed in the upper areas of the court against an individual type of defence and ending with the screened player advancing towards the basket or passing to an open teammate. Conclusions: The data obtained will enable the coaching staff to train ball screens in accordance with specific game situations.
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Nguyen, Lam Quoc Cuong, and Mau Dang Nguyen. "Evaluating the screen performance in sand control design by laboratory sand retention test." Petrovietnam Journal 11 (December 16, 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47800/pvj.2022.11-04.
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To produce oil and gas from unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, sand screens are necessary to control sand flowing from the formation into the wells, causing well pluggings. In open hole completion, stand-alone sand screen is an essential component to prevent sand production, thus, selection of suitable sand screens is critical to minimize sand production and optimize the well’s production life.
Nowadays, premium screens with steel meshes make the openings of the screen slots complex in shape, resulting in a very different effect of sand retention compared to the traditional screens. The sand retention test is considered a standard and must be conducted to select screen opening and size, which decides the sand prevention capacity of the screen.
The paper presents the factors affecting the results of laboratory sand retention tests and proposes solution in the direction of considering the data trend rather than relying completely on the output results. The paper also brings about the evaluation method through the change the screen’s permeability to have better qualitative results compared to the traditional methods.
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Williamson, Kelly, Patrick Lank, Adriana Olson, Navneet Cheema, and Elise Lovell. "A Positive Depression Screen Is Associated with Emergency Medicine Resident Burnout and Is not Affected by the Implementation of a Wellness Curriculum." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 22, no. 6 (October 26, 2021): 1341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.9.52016.
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Introduction: While burnout is occupation-specific, depression affects individuals comprehensively. Research on interventions for depression in emergency medicine (EM) residents is limited. Objectives: We sought to obtain longitudinal data on positive depression screens in EM residents, assess their association with burnout, and determine whether implementation of a wellness curriculum affected the rate of positive screens. Methods: In February 2017, we administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders Patient Health Questionnaire two-question depression screen at 10 EM residencies. At five intervention sites, a year-long wellness curriculum was then introduced while five control sites agreed not to introduce new wellness initiatives during the study period. Study instruments were re-administered in August 2017 and February 2018. Results: Of 382 residents, 285 participated in February 2017; 40% screened positive for depression. In August 2017, 247/386 residents participated; 27.9% screened positive for depression. In February 2018, 228/386 residents participated; 36.2% screened positive. A positive depression screen was associated with higher burnout. There were similar rates of positive screens at the intervention and control sites. Conclusion: Rates of positive depression screens in EM residents ranged between 27.9% and 40%. Residents with a positive screen reported higher levels of burnout. Rates of a positive screen were unaffected by introduction of a wellness curriculum.
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Yu, Sukyung. "Production and Consumption of Coromandel Lacquer Screens in the 17th and 18th Centuries." Korean Journal of Art History 312 (December 31, 2021): 75–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31065/kjah.312.202112.003.
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Coromandel lacquer screen is a Chinese folding screen made from the 17th century to 19th century in China. The screen is usually about 250cm high, 600cm width and consisting of twelve panels. Although these screens were made in China during the Qing dynasty, they received their name from India’s Coromandel coast, where they were transshipped to Europe in the late 17th and early 18th centuries by merchants of the English and Dutch East India companies. The Dutch traders carried these screens from Bantam in Java, and in early accounts they were frequently called Bantam screens as well as Coromandel screens. This paper examines Coromandel lacquer screen's art historical significance in the incising global interaction and consumer culture in the 17th and 18th centuries. It first discusses historical and cultural background of production in China which have been little known about. The primary sources focus on the record of <i>Xiu Shi lu</i>, the 16th century book about lacquer, and the inscriptions left on the screens. They will give information about when the screens were produced, what was the purpose of them, and the technique of decoratively incising lacquer and adding polychrome to the voids, called <i>kuan cai</i> in Chinese. The lacquer screen features a continuous scene run through all twelve panels, just like a hand-scroll painting with variety of colours. The prominent subjects for decoration are human figures, landscape and bird-and-flower. The narrative theme with human figures, such as Birthday Reception for General Guo Ziyi and the World of Immortals were shaped by literature or play. Also, the parallels between the lacquer screens and the paintings on the same theme are found. The scenes with Europeans are rare but bring various interpretations within the historical context of the time. The landscape themes, such as the Scenes of Lake Xihu and the Nine Bend in Mountain Wuyi, were depicted famous scenic spots in China. The composition and expression of the screens were probably inspired by landscape woodblock prints, it’s because the technique of lacquer screen and woodblock cutting are similar. Lastly, bird-and-flower theme has a long tradition of wishing longevity, happiness and peace in one’s life and produced in various medium. Thanks to the enormous progress in navigation and discovered sea roots in the 16th century, Dutch and England East India Companies imported quantities of Chinese lacquerworks in the 17th century. As Chinoiserie gain popularity all over Europe, Chinese objects were consumed in various ways. Imported Coromandel lacquer screens were incorporated into European interiors. They were cut into a number of panels, which mounted within wood paneling on walls and inserted into contemporary furniture. The lacquer screen also inspired European’s imitation of Asian lacquer known by a variety of names. This paper surveys Coromandel lacquer screen’s domestic production, exploding consumption and global conquest from the 17th century to 18th centuries, when the screen was explosively made. The lacquer screen is an active participant in cross-cultural interaction, not merely a passive commodity of china. Investigating the material culture of the lacquer screen, it was originally created in chinese domestic background concerned with social prestige, in Europe, consumed to show off exotic luxury and triggered a new stylistic changes in chinoiserie.
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Didkovskyi, Vitalii, Vitaly Zaets, and Svetlana Kotenko. "Revealing the effect of rounded noise protection screens with finite sound insulation on an acoustic field around linear sound sources." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 5 (109) (February 26, 2021): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.224327.
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This paper reports studying the reduction of traffic noise by rounded noise protection screens with finite sound insulation, that is, those that can pass sound. Almost all models of acoustic screens, which are examined by analytical methods, are either direct or such that disregard the passage of sound through the screen, that is, it is assumed that the screen sound insulation is non-finite. This approach made it possible to solve the problem for a simplified model analytically but made it impossible to analyze the required sound insulation of noise protection screens. In the current paper, the problem of investigating an acoustic field around the screen whose sound insulation is finite has been stated, that is, it was taken into consideration that a sound wave propagates through the body of the screen. In addition, a given problem considers a rounded screen, rather than vertical, which is also used in different countries. Such a problem was solved by the method of partial domains. This method has made it possible to strictly analytically build a solution to the problem by simplifying it to solving an infinite system of algebraic equations, which was solved by the method of reduction. The screen model was set by the values of the density and speed of sound in the screen material. This approach has made it possible to change the acoustic impedance of the screen material and thereby change the sound insulation of the screen. That has made it possible to quantify the effect of screen sound insulation on its effectiveness. It has been shown that the efficiency of noise protection screens with finite sound insulation is approaching the efficiency of acoustically rigid screens, provided that the screen's natural sound insulation is 13–15 dB greater than the estimated efficiency of the rigid screen. The study results could make it possible to more accurately assess the effectiveness of noise protection screens. Determining the screen acoustic efficiency would make it possible to set requirements for its sound insulation characteristics. That could make it possible to select the designs of noise protection screens with minimal physical parameters, such as thickness, weight, etc.
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Zholobov, N. V., and A. V. Yakimov. "Research of operational process of a grain separator with cylindrical screens." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 83, no. 12 (December 15, 2016): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66261.
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Screen separators are widely used in grain-cleaning machines. The separation occurs in the process of movement of grain over the surface of screen. The relative movement of grain is provided by different devices with various modes of motion. The most common is a vibrating sieve pan (screener), in which the grain is moved over screen by inertia. Screener has a high efficiency, but the alternating dynamic loads cause the metal fatigue and reduce machine reliability. The grain-cleaning separators with cylindrical screens operate without dynamic loads and have a simple design. They are less sensitive to grain moisture and impurity. But the separation process uses only 1/4-1/6 of the cylindrical screen surface. This problem reduces the throughput and limits the scope of application of cylindrical screens. The proportion of useful surface area can be increased by simultaneous use of two cylindrical screens. They are located one inside the other and rotate in opposite directions. The grain enters on the inner surface of the inner screen and forms a movable layer that moves in the axial direction. During the movement process, the grain passes through perforations, while the large impurities fall down from the screen. The grain having passed through the perforations of the inner screen reaches the section of the outer screen that is clear of movable grain layer. The rational conditions of simultaneous operation of screens are determined, under them the separation process on the outer screen starts immediately after the grain had passed through the perforations of the inner screen. Due to that the separation area is increased by 34-57%.
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Тупов, Владимир, Vladimir Tupov, Т. Дудьев, and T. Dud'ev. "Calculation Methodology of Geometrical Dimensions for Noise-Protective Automotive Screens." Safety in Technosphere 7, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c7e31176cbc64.23089493.
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To determine the projected screen’s optimal dimensions has been proposed a calculation method allowing assay an automotive noise entering the area, protected by this screen. In engineering calculations the noise screen is often considered as infinitely extended, so that the sound diffraction on its side edges and the noise from the parts which are not covered by the screen are ignored. The proposed complex approach in the screens design allows assay the levels of noise emanating from the parts of transport stream, covered and uncovered by the screen. Thus, the designer, in case of exceeding the set values by the noise level, can estimate from where the loudest noise comes: from the top of the screen or from its sides, including the noise from the road traffic parts which are not covered by the screen, both from the right and left sides of it. From here is emerged the possibility to rationally vary the screen’s geometric dimensions, increasing its height, or extending it in one or another direction. As a result of such design, the screen’s optimal basic geometrical dimensions are determined in terms of providing the necessary noise level in the protected area. This allows reduce the design time and economic costs for the construction of screens.
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Hu, Ruijie. "The advantages and comparison of resistive touch screens and capacitive touch screens." Applied and Computational Engineering 30, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/30/20230080.
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ATouch screens are an indispensable component in electronic products nowadays, and resistive and capacitive touch screens are the most common and widely used touch screens in touch screens. However, there is still a lack of intuitive literature to explain the differences and advantages between capacitive and resistive touch screens. This article provides a partial overview of the principles and structures of resistive and capacitive touch screen technologies and finally analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages. The resistive touch screen is mainly divided into four-wire resistive touch screens and five-wire resistive touch screens. Its advantage over capacitive touch screens is that the process is more mature, and the product cost is lower. However, capacitive touch screens, due to their different working principles from resistive touch screens, can achieve multi-point touch, which is a significant feature. In capacitive touch screens, mutual capacitive projection capacitive touch screens have become the main favored technology in the touch screen industry due to their low power consumption, stable signal, and fast data collection speed. They are also an essential direction for the future development of touch screens.
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Ravivarapu, Harish, and Sanjeev Redkar. "Expect the Unexpected–Screen Your Screens." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 100, no. 5 (May 2011): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.22424.
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Green, C. H. "The use of two-coloured screens for catching Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, no. 1 (March 1989): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300018587.
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AbstractDesigns for insecticide-impregnated screens based on combinations of two different colours were evaluated for their attractiveness to Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) in the Ivory Coast. Screens were tested with flanking panels of mosquito netting (flanked screens) and without such panels (simple screens), using electric nets to catch flies contacting cloth of various colours or mosquito netting. No flanked screen caught more flies than an all-blue single-coloured screen; flanked screens without blue portions generally had lower catches than those with blue portions. The majority of flies was always caught over the netting panels rather than over the cloth screens, although the proportions varied for different colours. Among simple screens, one half pthalogen blue and half ultraviolet-reflecting white caught 2·4 times as many female flies as an all-blue screen and 3·6 times as many as an all-white (ultraviolet-reflecting) screen. The basis for this synergistic effect is that blue attracts flies strongly to a position near the target (e.g. circling), while the white induces landing responses; in the blue-and-white simple screens, 77% of all tsetse landed on the white surface. Several other colour combinations in simple screens gave similar results to the blue-and-white screen for females flies, for example black-and-white, and one of the blue-and-light-blue combinations. For males, the best combination for simple screens was blue and black. In tests of different configurations of blue and ultraviolet-white on simple screens, most flies were caught using a diagonally-divided screen, the lower triangular portion being white and the upper one blue.
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Alsheik, Nila, Zhaohui Su, Anna Lafontant, Gregory Donadio, Kathleen Troeger, Scott Pohlman, Melinda Talley, Vandana Menon, and Emily Conant. "HSR19-079: Disparities in Accessing Screening Mammography: Opportunities for Improving Diagnostic Outcomes." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 17, no. 3.5 (March 8, 2019): HSR19–079. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2018.7209.
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Introduction: Screening mammography is a key component of secondary prevention programs targeting reductions in breast cancer mortality. The early detection of cancers facilitates treatment at a more curable, locoregionally limited stage. We describe characteristics and outcomes of women who had only one screening mammogram versus those who had annual or biennial screens. Methods: A cloud-based big data platform is being used to integrate and transform data from electronic medical records, radiology management systems, and tumor registries to create a learning health system. This analysis includes data from 227,834 women, aged 40–79 years, who underwent screening mammograms between January 2015 and June 2018 at 64 imaging facilities within 3 large, geographically diverse healthcare organizations. Patients with breast cancer history or implants were excluded. Women were defined as having one screen if they had >24 months of follow-up with evidence of only one screen and were defined as having more than one screen if they had 2 screens at least 9 months apart. Interval cancer was defined as a breast cancer in the 12 months following a negative baseline mammogram. The chi-square test was used to test for differences between cohorts. Results: Of 227,834 women, 18.8% (n=42,911) met criteria for one screen [1-screen] and 81.2% (n=184,923) for 2 screens [2-screens]. There were significant differences between the groups in age (40.4% 60-79 years in the 1-screen cohort vs 49.1% in 2-screens; P<.001), race (24.7% African American and 5.3% Asian in the 1-screen cohort and 18.5% and 3.6% in 2-screens; P<.001), and lifetime risk of breast cancer (6.9% were in the elevated risk category in the 1-screen cohort and 9.3% in 2-screens; P<.001). Recall rate for the 1-screen cohort was 16.6% compared to 7.7% for the second screen for the 2-screens (P<.001). The interval cancer rate was significantly higher (P<.001) for the 1-screen cohort (2.9 per 1000 screens) as compared to the second screen for the 2-screens (0.8 per 1000 screens). Conclusion: Women with evidence of only one screen during the 3.5-year study period tended to be younger and non-white. Although they had lower scores for lifetime risk of breast cancer, recall rates were twofold higher and interval cancer rates were threefold higher in the 1-screen cohort. Targeted initiatives are needed to improve adherence to screening in women at risk of noncompliance.
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Dinkla, Kasper, Hendrik Strobelt, Bryan Genest, Stephan Reiling, Mark Borowsky, and Hanspeter Pfister. "Screenit: Visual Analysis of Cellular Screens." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 23, no. 1 (January 2017): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2016.2598587.
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Džalto, Davor. "Screens and Screams. Icons Re-Framed." IKON 8 (June 2015): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.ikon.5.107789.
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Hobby, A. "Fundamentals of Screens for Electronics Screen Printing." Circuit World 16, no. 4 (March 1990): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb046094.
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Overill, Ralph. "Between the screens: Screen-printing moving images." Journal of Arts Writing by Students 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jaws.4.1.37_1.
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Zabiddin, Najihah Syairah, and Farhana Abu Bakar. "English Primary School Teachers' Perceptions of Green Screens in Teaching English." LSP International Journal 9, no. 2 (December 26, 2022): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/lspi.v9.19266.
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This study explored the use of the green screen in teaching and learning in a primary school. Despite the rising research on green screens in education, limited studies have focused on teachers' perceptions. This study focused on understanding English teachers' perceptions of green screens in teaching English. It drew on a qualitative approach to explore how and why English teachers used green screens in their teaching, the challenges teachers faced while using the green screen, and how their use of green screens impacted their professional development. Participants included five English teachers in a primary school in Malaysia. Data were collected from classroom observations and Stimulated Recall Interviews (SRI). The findings showed that most teachers used green screens to make video content for English lessons. Additionally, the green screen was an effective tool, facilitating teaching and enhancing students' learning. However, the data suggested that using green screens presented challenges, for example, time-consuming, technical issues, cost, inadequate equipment and lack of training. The findings also demonstrated that teachers' professional development was positively and negatively impacted when employing green screens in teaching. Based on these results, it can be concluded that it is important to highlight English teachers’ perceptions to examine the effectiveness of green screen technology in teaching English.
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Xu, Ningning, Xinwen Wang, Dongdong Lin, and Weiran Zuo. "Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Screening Process for Vibrating Flip-Flow Screen Based on Discrete Element Method–Finite Element Method–Multi-Body Dynamics Coupling Method." Minerals 14, no. 3 (March 6, 2024): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14030278.
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Vibrating flip-flow screens are widely employed in the deep screening processes of coal washing, solid waste treatment, metallurgy, and other fields, playing a crucial role in enhancing product quality and production efficiency. The screen surface and material movement of vibrating flip-flow screens are highly complex, and there is currently insufficient understanding of their screening mechanism, limiting further optimization and application. In this paper, the Discrete Element Method (DEM), Finite Element Method (FEM), and Multi-Body Dynamics (MBD) were integrated to establish a numerical coupling model for vibrating flip-flow screens, considering material loads, screen surface deformation, and screen machine dynamics. The Response Surface Method was utilized to analyze the significant impact of relative amplitude, tension amount, amplitude of driving screen frame, vibration frequency, and screen surface inclination on screening efficiency and material velocity. The results indicate that the most significant factor influencing the screening of flip-flow screens is the screen surface inclination. Based on a BP neural network, a five-degree-of-freedom inclination surrogate model for flip-flow screens was established. The whale algorithm was employed for multi-objective optimization of the surrogate model, resulting in a screen surface inclination distribution that meets the requirements of different operating conditions.
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Zhao, Yueshan, Min Zhang, and Da Yang. "Bioinformatics approaches to analyzing CRISPR screen data: from dropout screens to single-cell CRISPR screens." Quantitative Biology 10, no. 4 (2022): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-qb-022-0299.
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Didkovskyi, Vitalii, Vitaly Zaets, Svetlana Kotenko, Volodymyr Denysenko, and Yuriy Didenko. "Estimating the influence of double-sided rounded screens on the acoustic field around a linear sound source." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 5 (111) (June 25, 2021): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.234657.
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This paper reports a study into the acoustic field of transport flow around noise protection screens located on both sides of the sound source. Most research on noise protection involving noise protection screens relates to the assessment of the effectiveness of screens located on one side of the noise source. The influence of the second screen on the effectiveness of the first one has been investigated only experimentally. Therefore, it is a relevant task to assess the mutual impact of the two screens between which the linear sound source is located. A problem was stated in such a way that has made it possible to derive an analytical solution and find a sound field around a linear sound source. In this case, the sound source was limited on both sides by acoustically rigid screens with finite thickness. The screens' cross-sections were shaped as part of a ring with arbitrary angles and the same radius. The problem was solved by the method of partial domains. This method has made it possible to obtain an infinite system of algebraic equations that were solved by the method of reduction. Such an approach to solving a problem allows a given solution to be applied for different cases of the mutual location of screens, source, and territory protected from noise. The study results help estimate a field between the screens, the dependence of increasing sound pressure on the road on the geometric size of the screen and the width of the road. In addition, the solution resulted in the ability to assess the impact of one screen on the efficiency of another in the frequency range of up to 1,000 Hz. It has been shown that the mutual impact of screens could reduce the screen efficiency by 2 times. The study reported here could make it possible to more accurately calculate the levels of the sound field from traffic flows when using noise protection screens, which is often performed in practice when designing new and reconstructing existing highways.
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Oski, Jane A. "I screen, you screen, we all scream for risk screens." Journal of Pediatrics 205 (February 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.12.021.
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Zhu, X., M. Bul, P. J. van Leeuwen, M. J. Roobol, and F. H. Schröder. "Under- and upgrading of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy in a screening setting." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2011): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.7_suppl.105.
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105 Background: It has been well established that there is an upward drift in assigned Gleason score (GS) to prostate cancer (PC) biopsies. However, few studies have examined the concordance between biopsy GS and pathological GS after radical prostatectomy (RP) in a screening setting over time. We assessed the proportion of under and upgrading of PC after RP by comparing the prevalence screen with the incidence screens from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), section Rotterdam. Methods: From 1993 to 1999, a total of 42.376 men identified from population registries in the Rotterdam region (55-74 yrs) were randomized into a screening or control arm. Men with PSA ≥3.0 ng/ml were recommended for sextant prostate biopsy, which were lateralized since 1996. The screening interval was 4 yrs. Men with screen-detected PC, who underwent RP within 1 yr, were eligible for this study. Results: In all, biopsy and pathological GS were known for 639 men who underwent RP. Of these RPs, 405 were performed between 1994 and 2000 (prevalence screen) whereas 235 cases were performed between 1998 and 2008 (incidence screens). In the prevalence screen, 49.8% of the biopsy GS matched the pathological GS ( Table ). This percentage improved to 58.3% in the incidence screens (p=0.045). The proportion of undergrading after RP was 23.0% in the prevalence screen, which declined to 16.2% in the incidence screens (p=0.049). Upgrading occurred in 27.2% of the cases in the prevalence and 25.5% in the incidence screens (p=0.71). Conclusions: We have demonstrated an improved concordance between biopsy and pathological GS over time by comparing cancers detected in the prevalence screen with those detected in the incidence screens, which is in line with the upward shift of GS classification over time. In addition, significant less undergrading occurred in the incidence screens. However, one should keep in mind that within this screening program still a quarter of the biopsy GS were upgraded after RP in the incidence screens. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Prisadkov, V. I., D. V. Ushakov, A. A. Abashkin, and A. S. Zueva. "Screens surrounding openings in floor slabs of public buildings." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 30, no. 1 (March 2, 2021): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/pvb.2021.30.01.32-41.
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Introduction. Screens often surround openings in the floor slabs of atrium buildings to prevent the spread of fire hazards to higher floors and to improve the efficiency of smoke ventilation systems. In this article, the co-authors assess the expediency of installing screens around openings in the floor slabs and identify the best screen height values. In this article, the co-authors perform a quantitative analysis of the ability of screens to prevent the propagation of hazardous fire factors, to identify general regularities typical for a multi-level space, and to develop recommendations for the installation of screens inside public buildings. The co-authors suggest that screen height should be a solution to the following tradeoff problem: the use of screens reduces acceptable evacuation time for the floor that has screens installed and rises the evacuation time for higher floors.Rational screen height selection algorithm. The co-authors propose the following algorithm for the two-stage selection of the rational screen height. At the first stage, the evacuation problem is resolved. As a result, evacuation completion time is determined for emergency exits. Further, acceptable evacuation time and the time needed to block emergency floor exits are identified for a particular type of a fire alarm system.At the second stage, the dynamics of hazardous fire factors in building rooms is assessed for various screen heights. As a result, the rational height of screens is established for the evacuation time to remain positive.Conclusions. Screen height values cannot be determined in advance. Each case requires an individual approach that entails the resolution of evacuation problems and the tracking of the dynamics of hazardous fire factors in buildings that have multi-height spaces. These ideas are in line with the concept of flexible regulation of fire protection systems designated for construction facilities.
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Rajaratnam, N., M. A. F. Sadeque, and C. Katopodis. "A simple method to predict flow distribution at vertical angled screens in open channels." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-053.
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This paper presents a simple method to predict flow diversion by vertical angled screens in open channels. The performance of this method has been compared with the experimental results from a recent laboratory study of vertical angled screens. This method is then used to predict the effect of screen porosity, variation of porosity along the length of the screen, and several other factors on the flow division. The results of this investigation would be useful in the design of vertical angled screens for fish protection at water intakes from rivers for irrigation, and other industrial uses.Key words: fish screens, intakes, water flow, irrigation canals, open channel flow, hydraulics and fish diversion.
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Yudin, A. V., S. Ya Davydov, R. A. Apakashev, and V. S. Shestakov. "Improving the technology for the preparation of clay raw materials for the refractory production." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 10 (January 23, 2020): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2019-10-10-13.
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The technical solution of the screen with increased efficiency of separation of clay rock mass is considered. The most rational design of non-driven grate screens cantilever and spring-loaded screens — has been identified. A mathematical model is presented and a methodology for calculating the screen parameters is presented. It is shown that when selecting the appropriate parameter values for the grid-irons of the screening surface, the screens can be used for screening clay mass.
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Rasheed, Na, Lee, Kim, and Lee. "Optimization of Greenhouse Thermal Screens for Maximized Energy Conservation." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 3592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193592.
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In this work, we proposed a Building Energy Simulation (BES) dynamic climatic model of greenhouses by utilizing Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS 18) software to study the effect of use of different thermal screen materials and control strategies of thermal screens on heat energy requirement of greenhouses. Thermal properties of the most common greenhouse thermal screens were measured and used in the BES model. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of 0.84 and 0.78 showed good agreement between the computed and experimental results, thus the proposed model appears to be appropriate for performing greenhouse thermal simulations. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effects of different thermal screens including; Polyester, Luxous, Tempa, and Multi-layers, as well as to evaluate control strategies of greenhouse thermal screens, subjected to Daegu city, (latitude 35.53 °N, longitude 128.36 °E) South Korea winter season weather conditions. Obtained results show that the heating requirement of greenhouses with multi-layer night thermal screens was 20%, 5.4%, and 13.5%, less than the Polyester, Luxous, and Tempa screens respectively. Thus, our experiments confirm that the use of multi-layered thermal screen can reduce greenhouse heat energy requirement. Furthermore, screen-control with outside solar radiation at an optimum setpoint of 60 W·m−2 significantly influences the greenhouse’s energy conservation capacity, as it exhibited 699.5 MJ · m−2, the least energy demand of all strategies tested. Moreover, the proposed model allows dynamic simulation of greenhouse systems and enables researchers and farmers to evaluate different screens and screen control strategies that suit their investment capabilities and local weather conditions.
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Carney, Josh. "Projecting ‘New Turkey’ deflecting the coup: squares, screens, and publics at Turkey’s ‘democracy watches’." Media, Culture & Society 41, no. 1 (October 9, 2018): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443718803254.
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In the wake of the failed coup on 15 July 2016, Turkey’s ruling AKP called citizens to public squares to take part in ‘democracy watches’ – hybrid events that lasted for 23 days and were both celebration of the people’s victory over the coup and guard duty to prevent further coup attempts. From beginning to end the watches were structured around and choreographed to the needs of the media screen with the twin aims of reflecting the ‘sovereign nation’ back to itself, thereby textually constituting a particular public to comprise the ‘New’, post-coup Turkey. This article, based on participant observation and collected media discourse, examines the relationship between squares, screens, and publics at the watches. It first compares the watches to the 2013 Gezi Park protests, detailing how central Gezi’s legacy was to the watches. It next turns to screens, adapting Kevin DeLuca and Jennifer Peeples’ notion of the ‘public screen’ for the realities of Turkey in 2016. Finally, drawing on Michael Warner’s framework for publics, it offers the notion of a screened public: a co-production between government and some citizens that is directed by authority, via and for the use of screens, toward a political goal.
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Reid, Christopher. "Screens." Grand Street 5, no. 1 (1985): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25006796.
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Lokhov, D. S. "SCREENS." Ugol', no. 03 (March 8, 2020): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18796/0041-5790-2020-3-74-75.
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Chen, Hongwei Thorn. "Screens." Journal of Chinese Cinemas 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508061.2016.1139800.
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McLaughlin, Niall. "Screens." Architectural Design 78, no. 4 (July 2008): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.708.
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You, Kyusuk, Heping Zhu, and John Paul Abbott. "Assessment of Fluorescent Dye Brilliant Sulfaflavine Deposition on Stainless Steel Screens as Spray Droplet Collectors." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 2 (2019): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13136.
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Abstract. The fluorescent dye Brilliant Sulfaflavine (BSF, CAS 2391-30-2) was investigated to determine its photo-stability and recovery on five spray deposition collectors: white plastic plate, nylon screen, and stainless steel (SS) screens of three mesh sizes (40, 60, and 80). The photo-stability of the deposited dye was determined by measuring the variance in fluorescence intensity after daylight exposure. The recovery rates were investigated with statically dispensed droplets and dynamically discharged droplets. In addition, droplet penetration through the screen collectors and the amount of unrecovered dye on reprocessed collectors were assessed to better understand the differences in dye recovery rates among different collector types. Photo-degradation tests verified that all collector types were insignificant in fluorescence degradation (<3.1%) after 120 min of solar exposure. Nylon screens had the lowest dye recovery rate (87.0%) for statically dispensed droplets, whereas plastic plates and SS screens recovered more than 90% of deposited dye. For dynamically discharged droplets, the 60-mesh and 80-mesh SS screens recovered more than 70% of the deposited dye, whereas nylon screens showed less than 50% recovery rate. These results were substantiated visually with a high-speed imaging system that detected droplets penetrating more frequently through screens with larger mesh openings. Throughout ten continuous reprocessing cycles of the fluorimetry test, the fluorescence intensity on reprocessed nylon and 80-mesh SS screen collectors increased by 16.8% and 12.7%, respectively, while there was less than 1% change in fluorescence intensity on the 40-mesh and 60-mesh SS screens. These results were clarified through dye residue verification using digital image analysis. Keywords: Fluorescence intensity, Photo-degradation, Recovery rate, Spray deposition assessment, Stainless steel screen.
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Jayasree, T. K., B. S. Jinshah, V. Lakshmi Visakha, and Tadepalli Srinivas. "ASSESSMENT OF AIR CHANGE EFFECTIVENESS AND THERMAL COMFORT IN A NATURALLY VENTILATED KITCHEN WITH INSECT-PROOF SCREEN USING CFD." Journal of Green Building 16, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.16.3.37.
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ABSTRACT Many dwellings in warm-humid climates attain a comfortable environment by natural ventilation. The opening of exterior windows for ventilation allows the entry of insects along with the breeze. As a remedy, occupants install insect-proof screens on windows resulting in reduced airflow into the interior. This study attempts to evaluate the air change effectiveness and thermal comfort in a residential kitchen with insect-proof screens. A kitchen with insect-proof screens on the windows is compared with a case without insect-proof screens. Numerical simulation was conducted using ANSYS Fluent 2019 R2. The insect-proof screen is modelled as a porous media. The air velocity and temperature measurements were validated by measurements in a real scenario. The presence of insect-proof screens reduced the air velocity inside the space by 82%. However, the airflow pattern in the case with screens was more uniformly distributed. The mean age of the air was considerably higher in the case with insect-proof screens, which in turn resulted in a reduced ACE. The presence of an insect-proof screen resulted in a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) of 2.79 indicating a ‘hot’ sensation, whereas in the other case, the comfort vote is only 1.93 indicating a ‘warm’ sensation. The presence of insect-proof screens on windows reduced the air velocity and ventilation efficiency, contributing to increased thermal discomfort in the kitchen.
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Nedjar-Guerre, Akila, Guillaume Wattelez, Christophe Serra-Mallol, Stéphane Frayon, and Olivier Galy. "Adolescent screen time and unhealthy food consumption in the context of the digital development in New Caledonia." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (May 8, 2023): e0285374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285374.
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Objective For several years, the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) have been undergoing digital developments that have had an impact on the time adolescents spend in front of screens. The association between screen time and the overconsumption of unhealthy foods has been observed but little studied in New Caledonia. The twofold aim of this research was to analyze adolescent screen time based on the number of screens at home, gender, place of living, ethnic community and family socio-professional category and determine the link with the consumption of unhealthy food and drinks. Methods Self-report questionnaires on time spent in front of tablets, computers and mobile phones, as well as the consumption of unhealthy food and drinks, were administered between July 2018 and April 2019 to 867 adolescents from 11 to 15 years old during school hours in eight schools across the three provinces of New Caledonia. Results Adolescents in rural areas had fewer screens than their urban counterparts, and the number of screens determined the amount of screen time, which was significantly higher among the adolescents living in urban areas (3.05 h/day weekdays vs rural 2.33 h/day). Screen time was not related to gender, socio-professional category or ethnic community, but correlations were found between screen time and consumption of unhealthy food and drinks. Those who consumed less than 1 u/day of unhealthy drinks watched screens for 3.30 h/day, whereas those who consumed more than 1 u/day watched screens for 4.13 h/day. Also, those who consumed less than 1 u/day of unhealthy food watched screens for 2.82 h/day and those consuming more than 1 u/day did so for 3.62 h/day. Melanesians and Polynesians consumed greater quantities of unhealthy food and drinks than Europeans. As the consumption of unhealthy products is linked to screen time in the context of digital development, there is an urgent need to address the excessive consumption of unhealthy foods in Oceanian populations, particularly among young people.
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Bardovskii, A. D., A. A. Gerasimova, A. M. Keropyan, and P. Ya Bibikow. "Influence of the mechanical characteristics of harp screen material on screening process." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 9 (October 21, 2018): 678–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-9-678-682.
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The paper presents the results of studies on the influence of mechanical characteristics of harp screen material on the technological parameters of screening. A mathematical model of the vibrational process of harp screens is presented depending on the length of their free areas, magnitude of technological load and characteristics of the screened material. Dependences of the relative vibrations amplitudes of rubber and cable strips on the length of their free areas are determined for different values of process load. As a result of the researches, it was established that the amplitude of the relative vibration of rubber strip under load decreases with increasing length of their free areas and for steel cable strips it increases, reaching a maximum at certain values of process load. It was also found that presence of the load dramatically reduces the amplitude of relative vibration of rubber strips, especially, in the area of dimensionless frequencies of the order of (0.6 – 1.4)g, while the vibrations amplitude of cable strips vary slightly in this frequency range. The article presents information on rubber-cable harp screening surfaces of mesh type: strips in the form of steel cables, rubberized with rubber cover having lateral separation projections. The use of rubber-cable strips as working elements of the screening surface allows to increase the “open area” of the screen due to the increase of distance between supports while maintaining high and stable amplitude of strips vibrations. Optimization of mechanical characteristics of the working elements material of harp screens and conditions of their fixation allows to intensify separation of screened material into fractions by eliminating sticking of the screened surface with clay particles and clogging of the material with “difficult” grains, and to improve significantly technical and economic indicators of the screening process. Such screening surface passed successful industrial tests at a number of quarries producing construction aggregates for the separation of crushed stone and gravel. Economic efficiency of the rubber-cable harp screens is presented in comparison with the wire screens in technological schemes of processing of mineral raw materials.
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McQuire, Scott, Sonja Pedell, Martin Gibbs, Frank Vetere, Nikos Papastergiadis, and John Downs. "Public Screens." International Journal of E-Planning Research 1, no. 2 (April 2012): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2012040102.
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Large video screens situated in public spaces are characteristic of the mediated public environment of contemporary cities. These screens are now able to support a range of new applications, including interactive gaming. However, urban planning policy frequently treats urban screens as if they were display surfaces only. This underestimates the possibilities for public screens to become sites that incubate innovative modes of urban communication. This paper discusses a research project focusing on public use of interactive gaming on the Big Screen at Federation Square in Melbourne. The project is part of a larger research initiative exploring the impact of new media technologies on how people interact with each other in public space. Material was gathered from a combination of observation and interviews. In addition to informing further development of interactive projects at public sites, the findings also raise important questions for urban planning in the context of pervasive networked media.
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Sakhno, Volodymyr, Vasyl Mateichyk, Volodymyr Fedorov, and Volodymyr Kaskiv. "TO THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE APPLICATION OF NOISE PROTECTION SCREENS WITH HIGH NOISE-ABSORBING PROPERTIES." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny 1, no. 265 (March 25, 2021): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2021-1-265-36-42.
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The article is devoted to the justification of the use of noise protection structures with high noise – absorbing properties to reduce traffic noise. Traffic noise has a negative impact on human health and the environment, so it is necessary to implement measures to reduce its level, including the use of noise protection structures. Noise protection structures are used to protect residential buildings from traffic noise and are classified according to various criteria: stage of road design, type of structure, height, material, position of structures in the transverse profile, longitudinal profile and acoustic properties for sound reflection and absorption. In terms of acoustic properties, noise protection structures are divided into noise-reflecting and noise-absorbing screens. The characteristics of noise-reflecting and noise-absorbing screens and features of their application on highways are considered. It is shown that the sound energy from the noise-reflecting screens is reflected in the opposite direction from the protected object; the noise-absorbing screens do not cause an increase in noise on the opposite side of the road and in the cabins of passing cars due to sound energy absorption. Methods for determining the acoustic efficiency of noise protection screens of different types are presented. A comparative evaluation of the acoustic efficiency of noise-reflecting and noise-absorbing screens was performed, which confirmed the higher acoustic efficiency of noise-absorbing screens. It is shown that with the same characteristics of the noise source in the range of levels 70–100 dB under the condition of four reflections of sound in the system “vehicle – screen” the noise level behind the noise-absorbing screen will be less by about 5 dB than the noise level behind the noise-reflecting screen. Keywords: transport noise, noise protection screen, noise reflection, noise absorption, acoustic efficiency.
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Bell, Michelle L., and James R. Baker. "Greenhouse Screens and Their Efficacy Against Whiteflies and Thrips." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 479C—479. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.479c.
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Twenty-eight greenhouse screening materials, with predetermined airflow resistance values, were evaluated for exclusion of silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Perring & Bellows) and thrips from a mixed-species population. Screens differed in exclusion efficacy, as a percentage of the fiberglass window screen control and at an approach velocity of at 92 m/min, from –35 to 94% for silverleaf whitefly and from –13 to 95% for thrips. Seventeen screens excluded more silverleaf whitefly, whereas seven excluded more thrips than the window screen control. One material differentially excluded whitefly over thrips; many more differentially excluded thrips over whitefly. Airflow resistance, indicative of mesh hole size, did not necessarily correspond with degree of exclusion. Though two high-resistance screens, No-Thrips and Econet S, excluded both pests, not all materials characterized as highly resistant to airflow provided significant exclusion. Exclusion of both pests was also attained with three moderate resistance screens, BugBed 123, BugBed 85, Pak 44×44, and one low-resistance screen, BugBed 110UV.
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Schillinger, B., W. Chuirazzi, S. Cool, A. Craft, Z. Kis, L. Szentmiklósi, and A. Tengattini. "New Measurements on Borated Neutron Imaging Screens at Budapest Neutron Centre (BNC)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2605, no. 1 (September 1, 2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2605/1/012009.
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Abstract The most commonly used screens for neutron imaging consist of 6LiF+ZnS. This type of screen yields the highest light output per detected neutron. For high resolution, gadolinium-oxisulfide (Gadox) screens are employed, which have a much higher detection efficiency, but a light output much lower than LiF+ZnS that measurements are often limited by photon statistics. Screens using boron as neutron sensitive material have not been very successful in the past but recently, a new preparation method was introduced that combines light output 5-6 times higher than Gadox with detection efficiency larger than LiF+ZnS. Previous measurements were performed at FRM II, Garching, and ILL, Grenoble, which already matched a Gadox screen in resolution, but still contained too many inhomogeneities in the detector material’s grains to produce an optimized detector. We report about the most recent measurements of new borated screens produced with an improved milling process at the NORMA facility at Budapest Neutron Centre (BNC), in comparison to a high resolution Gadox screen.
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Bozkus, Zafer, Pinar Çakir, and A. Metin Ger. "Energy dissipation by vertically placed screens." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-158.
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Screens can be utilized efficiently for dissipating energy of water. In this study, water flowing beneath a gate is used to simulate the flow downstream of a small hydraulic structure, and vertically placed screens are used as an alternative tool for energy dissipation. Investigations are conducted using a series of experiments. The porosity, thickness, and location of the screens are the major parameters together with the Froude number of the upstream flow. The experiments cover a range of supercritical Froude numbers between 5.0 and 18.0, porosities between 20% and 60%, and screen locations up to 100 times the undisturbed upstream flow depth. The thicknesses of the screens used are in the order of the undisturbed upstream flow depth. The results show the importance of each parameter in the energy-dissipating performance of the screens and the system. It is observed that screens dissipate significantly more energy than a conventional hydraulic jump within the large range of Froude numbers covered in the study. The results are also in agreement with the results of an earlier similar study.Key words: screen, energy dissipation, hydraulic jump, porosity, supercritical flow.
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Bravo, Buchón-Moragues, Redondo, Ferri, and Sánchez-Pérez. "Integrated Photogrammetric-Acoustic Technique for Qualitative Analysis of the Performance of Acoustic Screens in Sandy Soils." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 8, 2019): 4881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224881.
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In this work, we present an integrated photogrammetric-acoustic technique that, together with the construction of a scaled wind tunnel, allows us to experimentally analyze the permeability behavior of a new type of acoustic screen based on a material called sonic crystal. Acoustic screens are devices used to reduce noise, mostly due to communication infrastructures, in its transmission phase from the source to the receiver. The main constructive difference between these new screens and the classic ones is that the first ones are formed by arrays of acoustic scatterers while the second ones are formed by continuous walls. This implies that, due to their geometry, screens based on sonic crystals are permeable to wind and water, unlike the classic ones. This fact may allow the use of these new screens in sandy soils, where sand would pass through the screen, avoiding the formation of sand dunes that are formed in classic screens and drastically reducing their acoustic performance. In this work, the movement of the sand and the resulting acoustic attenuation in these new screens are analyzed qualitatively, comparing the results with those obtained with the classic ones, and obtaining interesting results from the acoustic point of view.
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Lee, Woosol, and Yong-Kyu Yoon. "High-Efficiency Wireless-Power-Transfer System Using Fully Rollable Tx/Rx Coils and Metasurface Screen." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041972.
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This work presents a high-efficiency reconfigurable wireless-power-transfer (WPT) system using fully rollable Tx/Rx coils and a metasurface (MS) screen working at 6.78 MHz, for the first time. The MS screens are placed between the Tx and Rx to magnify the power-transfer efficiency (PTE) of the WPT system. The proposed MS-based WPT can be rolled down or rolled up as required, which allows end-users to use the space more flexibly. In the measurement results, the PTE of the WPT is improved from 13.32% to 32.49% at a power-transfer distance (PTD) of 40 cm with one MS screen, 5.42% to 42.25% at a PTD of 50 cm with two MS screens, 1.78% to 49% at a PTD of 60 cm with three MS screens, 0.85% to 46.24% at a PTD of 70 cm with four MS screens. The measured PTE results indicate that the demonstrated MS screens are greatly effective for magnifying the PTE and the PTD of the WPT. In addition, the measured PTE results in the misaligned condition verify that the MS screens also help increase the PTE of the WPT even in the misalignment condition.
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Rorth, P., K. Szabo, A. Bailey, T. Laverty, J. Rehm, G. M. Rubin, K. Weigmann, et al. "Systematic gain-of-function genetics in Drosophila." Development 125, no. 6 (March 15, 1998): 1049–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.6.1049.
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A modular misexpression system was used to carry out systematic gain-of-function genetic screens in Drosophila. The system is based on inducible expression of genes tagged by insertion of a P-element vector carrying a GAL4-regulated promoter oriented to transcribe flanking genomic sequences. To identify genes involved in eye and wing development, the 2300 independent lines were screened for dominant phenotypes. Among many novel genes, the screen identified known genes, including hedgehog and decapentaplegic, implicated in these processes. A genetic interaction screen for suppressors of a cell migration defect in a hypomorphic slow border cells mutant identified known genes with likely roles in tyrosine kinase signaling and control of actin cytoskeleton, among many novel genes. These studies demonstrate the ability of the modular misexpression system to identify developmentally important genes and suggest that it will be generally useful for genetic interaction screens.
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Segal, Steven P., Vicky C. Khoury, Ramy Salah, and Jess Ghannam. "Unattended Mental Health Needs in Primary Care: Lebanon’s Shatila Palestinian Refugee Camp." Clinical Medicine Insights: Psychiatry 11 (January 2020): 117955732096252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179557320962523.
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Aims: This study examines factors potentially contributing to unattended mental health needs among primary care patients in Lebanon’s Shatila Palestinian Refugee Camp in order to understand the prevalence of such needs and improve clinical practice with refugees and other vulnerable groups. Methods: Data collection (2012-13) involved researcher administered structured surveys of primary healthcare-clinic patients (n = 254) using the K6, the PC-PTSD, and the Modified-MINI mental illness screens. Chi. Sq., ANOVA and Principal Component analysis evaluate associations and differences in sample characteristics; Logistic regression evaluates factors associated with unattended-positive-mental-health-screens. Results: The sample (n = 254) included 55% females and 45% males; aged 18 to 89, M = 40.4 (±13). About 51.6% (n = 132) screened positive for mental illness, for these individuals only 11.4% (15 of 132) spoke to their physician about mental illness or had an acknowledged record of psychological problems. Thus 88.6% (n = 117) of those who screened positive, had unattended positive-screens. Univariate tests indicated that patients with “negative-screens,” those with “attended positive-screens,” and those with “unattended positive-screens” differed in their social and psychological characteristics as well as their relationship with the primary care setting. Overall multivariable Logistic results indicated that patients with unattended positive-screens were 34% less likely to have higher SES scores for each step up in status [OR = 0.66; CI: 0.48-0.89] and 58% less likely to have access to a provider for advice or assistance [OR = 0.42; CI: 0.20-0.88]. They were 2.2 times more likely to be females [OR = 2.20; CI: 1.22-3.95], and 5.26 times more likely to attribute their mental illness to a physical illness [OR = 5.26; CI: 2.36-11.74]. Conclusion: Large numbers of patients screen positive for mental illness who do not have their mental health need addressed during their primary care visit. This seems an issue rooted in a lack of psychoeducation about what is mental versus physical illness, female specific access to care, stigma toward mental illness, and cross-SES-communication. Improved communication in primary care, especially as it serves vulnerable refugee populations might significantly reduce the prevalence of untreated mental illness.
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Mortiboys, Heather. "Screening for chemical modulators for LRRK2." Biochemical Society Transactions 44, no. 6 (December 2, 2016): 1617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20160242.
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After the discovery of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) as a risk factor for sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) and mutations in LRRK2 as a cause of some forms of familial PD, there has been substantial interest in finding chemical modulators of LRRK2 function. Most of the pathogenic mutations in LRRK2 are within the enzymatic cores of the protein; therefore, many screens have focused on finding chemical modulators of this enzymatic activity. There are alternative screening approaches that could be taken to investigate compounds that modulate LRRK2 cellular functions. These screens are more often phenotypic screens. The preparation for a screen has to be rigorous and enable high-throughput accurate assessment of a compound's activity. The pipeline to beginning a drug screen and some LRRK2 inhibitor and phenotypic screens will be discussed.
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Diehl, Valentina, Martin Wegner, Paolo Grumati, Koraljka Husnjak, Simone Schaubeck, Andrea Gubas, Varun Jayeshkumar Shah, et al. "Minimized combinatorial CRISPR screens identify genetic interactions in autophagy." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 10 (May 6, 2021): 5684–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab309.
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Abstract Combinatorial CRISPR-Cas screens have advanced the mapping of genetic interactions, but their experimental scale limits the number of targetable gene combinations. Here, we describe 3Cs multiplexing, a rapid and scalable method to generate highly diverse and uniformly distributed combinatorial CRISPR libraries. We demonstrate that the library distribution skew is the critical determinant of its required screening coverage. By circumventing iterative cloning of PCR-amplified oligonucleotides, 3Cs multiplexing facilitates the generation of combinatorial CRISPR libraries with low distribution skews. We show that combinatorial 3Cs libraries can be screened with minimal coverages, reducing associated efforts and costs at least 10-fold. We apply a 3Cs multiplexing library targeting 12,736 autophagy gene combinations with 247,032 paired gRNAs in viability and reporter-based enrichment screens. In the viability screen, we identify, among others, the synthetic lethal WDR45B-PIK3R4 and the proliferation-enhancing ATG7-KEAP1 genetic interactions. In the reporter-based screen, we identify over 1,570 essential genetic interactions for autophagy flux, including interactions among paralogous genes, namely ATG2A-ATG2B, GABARAP-MAP1LC3B and GABARAP-GABARAPL2. However, we only observe few genetic interactions within paralogous gene families of more than two members, indicating functional compensation between them. This work establishes 3Cs multiplexing as a platform for genetic interaction screens at scale.
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Gormakov, A. N., and I. T. Sakharova. "MATERIAL FOR MAGNETIC SCREENS." European Journal of Natural History, no. 3 2020 (2020): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/ejnh.34086.
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Linardatos, Dionysios, George Fountos, Ioannis Valais, and Christos Michail. "A Novel Method for Developing Thin Resin Scintillator Screens and Application in an X-ray CMOS Imaging Sensor." Sensors 23, no. 14 (July 21, 2023): 6588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146588.
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Scintillating screens for X-ray imaging applications are prepared with various methods. Among them, the classic sedimentation method presents certain weak points. In this context, a novel fabrication process was developed that offers simplicity, economy of resources and time, while the screens exhibit adequate durability and image quality performance. The proposed technique involves a resin mixture that contains the phosphor in powder form (Gd2O2S:Tb in the present work) and graphite. The novel method was optimized and validated by coupling the screens to a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) X-ray sensor. Indicatively, screens of two surface densities were examined; 34 mg/cm2 and 70 mg/cm2. Various established image quality metrics were calculated following the IEC 62220-1 international standard, including the detective quantum efficiency (DQE). Comparisons were carried out under the same conditions, with a sedimentation screen reported previously and a screen of wide commercial circulation (Carestream Min-R 2190). The novel screens exhibit has comparable or even better performance in image-quality metrics. The 34 mg/cm2 screen achieves a DQE 15–20% greater than its comparison counterpart, and its limiting resolution was 5.3 cycles/mm. The detector coupled to the 70 mg/cm2 screen achieved a DQE 10–24% greater than its own counterpart, and its limiting resolution was found to be 5.4 cycles/mm.
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Jericho, Monique, and April Elliott. "Youth health in a digital world: Approaching screen use in clinical practice." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 25, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104520904104.
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New technologies, such as smartphones, have altered our behaviours and cultural structures more dramatically than televisions of our past. The array of today’s electronic devices have pulled our eyes closer to the screens and our focus further into the boxes behind those screens. Screens may serve us; simultaneously, they are increasingly giving rise to health and social challenges that researchers are only beginning to understand. There is a growing dis-ease among parents and health care providers (HCPs) about how screens are affecting youth. As the push for increased screen time continues in both educational and workplace settings, HCPs are not only tasked with helping parents and youth cope, but they must find ways to manage the impact of increased personal and professional screen time on their own wellbeing. This article considers the impact of increased screen time on two groups: youth and the HCPs supporting them. Furthermore, the authors explore the impact of screen use on clinical interactions, and patient care, suggesting a process for addressing screen use and provide specific tools including a reflective query for HCPs to better evaluate the impact of their own screen usage, ‘the Coaching Stance’ and TGROW, a questioning approach derived from coaching theory.