Journal articles: 'Screening mechanisms'

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Brenner, Michael P. "Screening mechanisms in sedimentation." Physics of Fluids 11, no. 4 (April 1999): 754–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869948.

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Harsha, Tumula Mani, Gangaraju Sai Moukthika, Dudipalli Siva Sai, Mannuru Naga Rajeswari Pravallika, and Satish Anamalamudi. "Survey on Resume Screening Mechanisms." International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (April 25, 2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488387/ijcse-v9i4p103.

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Loveland Cook, Cynthia A., Letha Chadiha, Bruce Schmidt, James Holloway, and Jerry L. Satterwhite. "High Social Risk Screening Mechanisms." Social Work in Health Care 16, no. 4 (August 31, 1992): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j010v16n04_07.

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Brax, Philippe. "Screening mechanisms in modified gravity." Classical and Quantum Gravity 30, no. 21 (October 4, 2013): 214005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/30/21/214005.

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Gibbs, Patty. "Screening Mechanisms in BSW Programs." Journal of Social Work Education 30, no. 1 (January 1994): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10437797.1994.10672214.

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Chawan, Vinaysingh. "Screening Agents in Belief Eliciting Mechanisms." Theoretical Economics Letters 06, no. 04 (2016): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/tel.2016.64082.

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Saloner, Garth. "Old Boy Networks as Screening Mechanisms." Journal of Labor Economics 3, no. 3 (July 1985): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/298055.

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Hong, Seungbum, Serge M. Nakhmanson, and Dillon D. Fong. "Screening mechanisms at polar oxide heterointerfaces." Reports on Progress in Physics 79, no. 7 (June 16, 2016): 076501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/79/7/076501.

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Takahashi, Koshi, Sho Nakamura, Kaname Watanabe, Masahiko Sakaguchi, and Hiroto Narimatsu. "Availability of Financial and Medical Resources for Screening Providers and Its Impact on Cancer Screening Uptake and Intervention Programs." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 12, 2022): 11477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811477.

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Interventions for residents and medical/financial resources available to screening providers can improve cancer screening rates. Yet the mechanisms by which the interactions of these factors affect the screening rates remain unknown. This study employed structural equation modeling to analyze the mechanisms underlying these factors. Data for Japanese municipalities’ medical/financial status, their implementation of screening interventions, and the number of municipality-based cancer screening appointments from April 2016 to March 2017 were obtained from an open database. Five cancer screenings were included: gastric, lung, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening; all are nationally recommended for population screening in Japan. We defined two latent variables, namely, intervention for residents and medical/financial resources, and then analyzed the relationships between these variables and screening rates using structural equation modeling. Models were constructed for gastric, lung, and breast cancer screening, and similar relationships were observed. With these cancer types, medical/financial resources affected the intervention for residents, directly affecting screening rates. One limitation of this study is that it only included screening by municipalities, which may cause selection bias. In conclusion, financial pressures and lack of medical resources may cause a reduction in screening intervention programs, leading to stagnant screening rates. Ensuring consistent implementation of interventions for residents may improve local and regional cancer screening rates.

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Waye, Jerome D., Lars Aabakken, J. R. Armengol-Miro, Pedro Llorens, Christopher B. Williams, and Qi-Lian Zhang. "Screening for GI cancer and payment mechanisms." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 55, no. 3 (March 2002): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mge.2002.120319.

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Chikina, I., and V. Shikin. "Mechanisms of self-screening in pure ice." Low Temperature Physics 41, no. 6 (June 2015): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922098.

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Muthoo, Abhinay. "Renegotiation-proof tenurial contracts as screening mechanisms." Journal of Development Economics 56, no. 1 (June 1998): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3878(98)00050-9.

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Peters, Jonathan J. P., Nicholas C. Bristowe, Dorin Rusu, Geanina Apachitei, Richard Beanland, Marin Alexe, and Ana M. Sanchez. "Polarization Screening Mechanisms at La0.7Sr0.3MnO3–PbTiO3 Interfaces." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 9 (February 7, 2020): 10657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21619.

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Sandell, A., A. Nilsson, P. Bennich, and N. Mårtensson. "Imagelike screening mechanisms for weakly adsorbed atoms." Physical Review Letters 72, no. 16 (April 18, 1994): 2604–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.72.2604.

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Artamonov, O. M., S. N. Samarin, and J. F. Williams. "Electron screening and electron–electron scattering mechanisms." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 191 (December 2013): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2013.11.005.

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Filipec, Ondřej. "Europeanization of FDI Screening." New Perspectives on Political Economy 14, no. 1-2 (December 30, 2018): 21–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.62374/b7dr0w66.

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The main aim of this article is to assess the current debate of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) security screening at the EU level in the context of the Europeanization concept. The article reveals various mechanisms EU member states are using for FDI screening and places them in the context of a framework for screening which was presented by the European Commission in September 2017. The article reveals the level of compatibility of the European Commission’s proposal with existing FDI screening mechanisms among selected EU member states and presents criteria for countries seeking to establish their own FDI screening mechanism.

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Jinglu Tan and H. Page Harrison. "Screening Efficiency for Planar and Spatial Drive Mechanisms." Transactions of the ASAE 30, no. 5 (1987): 1242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.30552.

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Ivarsen, Magnus Fagernes, Philip Bull, Claudio Llinares, and David Mota. "Distinguishing screening mechanisms with environment-dependent velocity statistics." Astronomy & Astrophysics 595 (October 26, 2016): A40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628604.

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Eeckhout, Jan, and Philipp Kircher. "Sorting versus screening: Search frictions and competing mechanisms." Journal of Economic Theory 145, no. 4 (July 2010): 1354–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2010.01.005.

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Tseng, Hwai-En, Chien-Cheng Chang, Shih-Chen Lee, and Chi-Cheng Liao. "Establishing customer order screening mechanisms under customization environment." Expert Systems with Applications 41, no. 4 (March 2014): 1071–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.08.001.

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Ladungova, Adriana, Helena Peschelova, Lenka Dostalova, Yusuf Lodhi, Narendra Varma Gottumukkala, Jiri Mayer, and Michal Smida. "Exploring the Mechanisms of Venetoclax Resistance Via Drug Screening and Genome-Wide CRISPR Screening." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (November 28, 2023): 5759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189245.

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Introduction: Combining Venetoclax, a selective BCL-2 inhibitor, with hypomethylating agents has revolutionized frontline acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment. Despite its success, the occurrence of resistance remains a significant concern, limiting the range of available treatment alternatives. Little is known about the mechanism by which the cells escape the treatment. Recent studies have observed MCL1 upregulation in AML cells to promote resistance, and the rationale to use an MCL1 inhibitor became attractive. Although MCL1 inhibitors work exceptionally well in vitro their clinical trials were unsuccessful due to their toxicity. Here, we aim to identify other genes responsible for acquiring resistance and tackle the problem through screening for clinically approved drugs to rapidly benefit the patients with our study. Methods: First, we generated a model of the venetoclax resistance from 3 AML cell lines: MOLM-13, HL-60 and MV4-11. Resistance was achieved through chronic administration of the compound, inhibiting cell viability to 80-90% in multiple rounds by gradually increasing concentrations until the cells developed resistance. We have then characterized these Venetoclax-resistant (VeR) cells using quantitative RT-PCR and RNA sequencing to reveal the mechanisms behind their resistance. VeR cell lines were subjected to drug screening with a library of 859 FDA and EMA-approved compounds with various clinical indications. Cell viability in response to the drug library was assessed after 72h by Cell-Titer Glo and evaluated against the wild-type counterparts. Top-performing compounds were validated in dose-response curves, and synergy scores were identified from combinational treatments. Simultaneously, we performed genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening using Brunello CRISPR knockout library on both MOLM-13 wild-type (WT) and VeR cell lines to identify genes that maintain the resistance to venetoclax and genes that may potentially synergize with targeting BCL-2. Results: Results from the CRISPR screen pointed out multiple genes whose loss of function may contribute to venetoclax resistance in MOLM-13 cells, among which BAX, NOXA, ELAVL1 and TP53 ranked as top hits. On the contrary, we also identified several genes whose loss of function sensitized the cells to venetoclax (e.g., MCL1, OPA1, CDK2, MCAT), suggesting them to be promising therapeutic targets. Among these hits, CDK2 correlates with our drug screening data indicating Flavopiridol as an effective compound in treating VeR cell lines. Moreover, we confirmed the elevated MCL1 gene expression for the MOLM-13 VeR cell line through RNAseq (and qPCR) and detected an altered expression of genes mainly in metabolic pathways and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway via differential gene expression analysis. Our drug screening results revealed overall high efficacy of DNA-damaging agents, proteasome and HDAC inhibitors for both WT and VeR cell lines. We also included an MCL1 inhibitor as a positive control in our drug library and confirmed a synergistic effect when combined with venetoclax. Conclusion: Integrating a range of screening approaches may lead to discovering previously unknown therapeutic targets for venetoclax-resistant AML. Our screens confirmed previously described involvement of the apoptotic pathway genes in venetoclax resistance as well as identified some novel promising targets. Our ongoing efforts involve thorough validations of the identified hits from CRISPR and drug screening to enhance the reliability and translatability of the results. This project was partly supported by grants MUNI/A/1330/2021, MUNI/A/1419/2021 OPRDE (No.CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/19_073/0016943) and project NICR (EU program EXCELES, No. LX22NPO5102).

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Carrai, Maria Adele. "The Rise of Screening Mechanisms in the Global North: Weaponizing the Law against China’s Weaponized Investments?" Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 351–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxaa026.

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Abstract Investment screening mechanisms are proliferating, especially in the global North, apparently in direct reaction to China’s global rise and what is perceived to be its ‘weaponized investments’. Given the lack of clear shared objectives and coordination between screening mechanisms, which remain a core prerogative of each sovereign State’s self-judgment on national security, and the possible negative repercussions on the international economy and cooperation, this article looks at the increase of screening mechanisms for foreign direct investments in Europe and the USA in relation to China’s global rise. What does it entail for Chinese outward foreign direct investments and for the international economic legal order more broadly? In discussing the strengths and limitations of screening mechanisms, this article argues that, while the concerns for Chinese commercial investments aimed at acquiring technology and critical assets are legitimate, at the same time, Western States can disproportionally discriminate against Chinese investments by creating an investment regime that is overly protectionist. The article, adopting the recent screening mechanism of the European Union as a model, proposes how screening mechanisms could be improved through harmonization and cooperation among States, alongside the setting of clear objectives to limit their discriminatory, unjustified, and overly discretionary use.

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Pizzuti, Lorenzo. "Testing Screening Mechanisms with Mass Profiles of Galaxy Clusters." Universe 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8030157.

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We present MG-MAMPOSSt, a license-free code to constrain modified gravity models by reconstructing the mass profile of galaxy clusters with the kinematics of the cluster’s member galaxies. We describe the main features of the code and we show the capability of the method when the kinematic information is combined with lensing data. We discuss recent results and forecasts on two classes of models currently implemented in the code, characterized by different screening mechanisms, namely, chameleon and Vainshtein screening. We further explore the impact of possible systematics in view of application to the data from upcoming surveys.

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Smith, Jonathan, Michael Hurwitz, and Jessica Howell. "Screening mechanisms and student responses in the college market." Economics of Education Review 44 (February 2015): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2014.10.005.

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Kleiman, G. G., R. Landers, P. A. P. Nascente, and S. G. C. de Castro. "Auger parameters and screening mechanisms in the 4dand 5dmetals." Physical Review B 46, no. 8 (August 15, 1992): 4405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.46.4405.

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Hoy, Michael. "The value of screening mechanisms under alternative insurance possibilities." Journal of Public Economics 39, no. 2 (July 1989): 177–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(89)90039-x.

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Vardanyan, Valeri, and Deaglan J. Bartlett. "Modeling and Testing Screening Mechanisms in the Laboratory and in Space." Universe 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2023): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9070340.

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The non-linear dynamics of scalar fields coupled to matter and gravity can lead to remarkable density-dependent screening effects. In this short review, we present the main classes of screening mechanisms, and discuss their tests in laboratory and astrophysical systems. We particularly focused on reviewing numerical and technical aspects involved in modeling the non-linear dynamics of screening and on tests using laboratory experiments and astrophysical systems, such as stars, galaxies, and dark matter halos.

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Lenart-Boron, A., K. Augustyniak, and P. Boron. "Screening of antimicrobial resistance and molecular detection of fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in chicken faeces-derived Escherichia coli." Veterinární Medicína 61, No. 2 (July 15, 2016): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8721-vetmed.

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Huffman, Jeff C., Christopher M. Celano, Scott R. Beach, Shweta R. Motiwala, and James L. Januzzi. "Depression and Cardiac Disease: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Diagnosis." Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology 2013 (April 7, 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/695925.

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In patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), depression is common, persistent, and associated with worse health-related quality of life, recurrent cardiac events, and mortality. Both physiological and behavioral factors—including endothelial dysfunction, platelet abnormalities, inflammation, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and reduced engagement in health-promoting activities—may link depression with adverse cardiac outcomes. Because of the potential impact of depression on quality of life and cardiac outcomes, the American Heart Association has recommended routine depression screening of all cardiac patients with the 2- and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaires. However, despite the availability of these easy-to-use screening tools and effective treatments, depression is underrecognized and undertreated in patients with CVD. In this paper, we review the literature on epidemiology, phenomenology, comorbid conditions, and risk factors for depression in cardiac disease. We outline the associations between depression and cardiac outcomes, as well as the mechanisms that may mediate these links. Finally, we discuss the evidence for and against routine depression screening in patients with CVD and make specific recommendations for when and how to assess for depression in this high-risk population.

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Volchek, V. S. "Improving the cancer screening and early detection program: mechanisms to improve quality and efficiency of implementation." Health and Ecology Issues 21, no. 2 (May 27, 2024): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2024-21-2-14.

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Objective. To analyze the implementation of cancer screening program in Gomel region in order to identify key aspects affecting its efficiency and quality, and to develop a differentiated model of interdepartmental organization of cancer screening.Materials and methods. The study methodology included analysis of scientific articles and official documents on cancer screening. The study was based on conceptual models describing the sequence of screening stages and interaction between health care organizations, which allowed identifying general trends and features of screening, as well as factors affecting its effectiveness.Results. The article analyzed the resource and personnel support of cancer screening in Gomel region, identified barriers that prevent its effective implementation. The ways to improve the system of cancer screening in Gomel region, including the development of a differentiated model of interdepartmental organization of screening, were proposed. The results of the study can be used to develop more effective cancer screening programs and optimize the organization of medical services, contributing to the early detection and treatment of cancer.Conclusion. There is a low coverage of cancer screening in the Gomel region. Differentiated screening programs, standardization of methods and terminology, and consideration of contextual factors will play a key role in improving the effectiveness of cancer screening program implementation. The development of unified reporting systems is also critical to ensure consistency in screening results. And the development of unified reporting systems will promote consistency in interpretation of screening results.

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Oliver, Antonio, Linda M. Weigel, J. Kamile Rasheed, John E. McGowan, Patti Raney, and Fred C. Tenover. "Mechanisms of Decreased Susceptibility to Cefpodoxime in Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 12 (December 2002): 3829–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.12.3829-3836.2002.

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ABSTRACT Cefpodoxime is one of five antimicrobial agents recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for screening isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. In a prior study, we noted that among 131 E. coli isolates for which the MIC of at least one extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) or aztreonam was ≥2 μg/ml (suggesting the presence of ESBL production), there were 59 isolates (45.0%) for which the MIC of cefpodoxime was 2 to 4 μg/ml (i.e., a positive ESBL screening test), but the MICs of ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone were ≤1 μg/ml (below the ESBL screening breakpoint). Thus, the results appeared to be false-positive ESBL screening tests. These 59 isolates were divided into five phenotypic groups based on the susceptibility patterns of the organisms to a variety of β-lactam agents and further characterized. The first group (32 isolates) all produced a TEM-1 β-lactamase, and changes in the major outer membrane proteins were detected in representative strains. The second group (18 isolates) lacked bla TEM but showed a number of porin changes; some also showed a modest elevation in production of the AmpC chromosomal β-lactamase. In the third phenotypic group (seven isolates) all expressed an OXA-30 β-lactamase. Some also harbored altered porins. The two remaining phenotypes each had a distinct pattern of porin changes with or without β-lactamase production. These data indicate that several factors are associated with decreased susceptibility to cefpodoxime in E. coli, but none of the mechanisms are related to ESBL production. Current screening methods produced false-positive ESBL results for these isolates. Such isolates should not be classified as containing ESBLs, nor should interpretations of ESCs or aztreonam susceptibility be changed to resistant on test reports for these isolates.

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Bismuth, Régis. "Screening the Commission’s Regulation Proposal Establishing a Framework for Screening FDI into the EU." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review 3, Issue 1 (January 1, 2018): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eila2018004.

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The European Commission’s Regulation proposal establishing a framework for screening FDI into the EU has been widely commented on from different perspectives. The purpose of this article is neither to carry out an exhaustive technical analysis of the proposal nor to assess its practical impact but rather to discuss a few points highlighting its limits, indecisiveness, contradictions as well as its ambiguities. This proposal, reflecting a change in the Commission’s stance on non-EU FDI flows, can be criticised on a number of grounds. While it has limited added value for Member States’ existing FDI screening mechanisms, it imposes on Member States an implied obligation to establish FDI screening mechanisms and could serve as the basis of a ‘soft’ blocking for the Commission. In addition, the framework envisaged by the proposal appears to rest on a questionable legal basis (Article 207 TFEU) and can be seen as a missed opportunity for not addressing the issue of competitive neutrality in FDI transactions.

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Petushek, Erich J., Edward T. Cokely, Paul Ward, and Gregory D. Myer. "Injury Risk Estimation Expertise: Cognitive-Perceptual Mechanisms of ACL-IQ." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 37, no. 3 (June 2015): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2014-0315.

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Instrument-based biomechanical movement analysis is an effective injury screening method but relies on expensive equipment and time-consuming analysis. Screening methods that rely on visual inspection and perceptual skill for prognosticating injury risk provide an alternative approach that can significantly reduce cost and time. However, substantial individual differences exist in skill when estimating injury risk performance via observation. The underlying perceptual-cognitive mechanisms of injury risk identification were explored to better understand the nature of this skill and provide a foundation for improving performance. Quantitative structural and process modeling of risk estimation indicated that superior performance was largely mediated by specific strategies and skills (e.g., irrelevant information reduction), and independent of domain-general cognitive abilities (e.g., mental rotation, general decision skill). These cognitive models suggest that injury prediction expertise (i.e., ACL-IQ) is a trainable skill, and provide a foundation for future research and applications in training, decision support, and ultimately clinical screening investigations.

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Dalton, Jarrod E., Douglas D. Gunzler, Vardhmaan Jain, Adam T. Perzynski, Neal V. Dawson, Douglas Einstadter, Yasir Tarabichi, et al. "Mechanisms of socioeconomic differences in COVID-19 screening and hospitalizations." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): e0255343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255343.

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Background Social and ecological differences in early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic screening and outcomes have been documented, but the means by which these differences have arisen are not well understood. Objective To characterize socioeconomic and chronic disease-related mechanisms underlying these differences. Design Observational cohort study. Setting Outpatient and emergency care. Patients 12900 Cleveland Clinic Health System patients referred for SARS-CoV-2 testing between March 17 and April 15, 2020. Interventions Nasopharyngeal PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Measurements Test location (emergency department, ED, vs. outpatient care), COVID-19 symptoms, test positivity and hospitalization among positive cases. Results We identified six classes of symptoms, ranging in test positivity from 3.4% to 23%. Non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity was disproportionately represented in the group with highest positivity rates. Non-Hispanic Black patients ranged from 1.81 [95% confidence interval: 0.91–3.59] times (at age 20) to 2.37 [1.54–3.65] times (at age 80) more likely to test positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus than non-Hispanic White patients, while test positivity was not significantly different across the neighborhood income spectrum. Testing in the emergency department (OR: 5.4 [3.9, 7.5]) and cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.5 [1.7, 3.8]) were related to increased risk of hospitalization among the 1247 patients who tested positive. Limitations Constraints on availability of test kits forced providers to selectively test for SARS-Cov-2. Conclusion Non-Hispanic Black patients and patients from low-income neighborhoods tended toward more severe and prolonged symptom profiles and increased comorbidity burden. These factors were associated with higher rates of testing in the ED. Non-Hispanic Black patients also had higher test positivity rates.

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Ferreira-Silva, Marcia Maria, Aline Menezes Carlos, and Glaucia Aparecida Domingos Resende. "Malaria Transfusional Transmission: Epidemiological Review, Screening Protocols and Prevention Mechanisms." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, no. 7 (July 31, 2021): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1288.

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Malaria is a neglected tropical disease, whose main form of transmission occurs through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito infected by the parasite Plasmodium sp. Its clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic cases to more severe and fatal conditions. Added to this natural transmission mechanism, many studies report that Malaria is one of the main infectious diseases transmitted by transfusion. There are reports of prevalence among blood donors in the five continents, with the highest number of cases in Africa, Asia and South America, regions of high endemicity. Factors such as the high prevalence rate of asymptomatic malaria carriers, as well as deficient regulation in the screening of blood donors and an ineffective hemovigilance policy make the risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria (TTM) worse, exposing millions of people possible contamination by transfusion, especially in underdeveloped countries. Patients with underlying diseases or immunosuppressed who require polytransfusions are the most susceptible to TTM. After an eventual transfusion of bags contaminated by Plasmodium sp, these patients can develop the most severe form of the disease, presenting high-risk clinical complications that can culminate in fatal outcomes. In view of the facts and aiming at greater transfusion safety, it is observed that stricter regulatory policies aimed at preventing TTM are needed; such policies will be more comprehensive if coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and more effective if they are adequate to the reality of endemic and non-endemic countries. In blood banks, control measures should focus mainly on broad serological coverage with high performance tests, in addition to active hemovigilance programs and encouragement of research and implementation of methods of inactivation of pathogens in blood component bags. Given the above, this study was carried out with the aim of providing knowledge of the current panorama of the prevalence of malaria among blood donors and of documented cases of TTM around the world, as well as demonstrating the disease tracking methodologies in use in different countries, and present possibilities for adopting mechanisms that allow better control of the transfusional transmission of malaria in blood banks.

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Minssieux, Louis. "Removal of Asphalt Deposits by Cosolvent Squeeze: Mechanisms and Screening." SPE Journal 6, no. 01 (March 1, 2001): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/69672-pa.

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MURAKAMI, AKIRA, KOICHI KOSHIMIZU, and HAJIME OHIGASHI. "Chemoprevention with Food Phytochemicals: Screening, Rodent Studies, and Action Mechanisms." Journal of Medicinal Food 1, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.1998.1.29.

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Verdier, Daniel. "Successful and Failed Screening Mechanisms in the Two Gulf Wars." Journal of Theoretical Politics 21, no. 3 (June 10, 2009): 311–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951629809103966.

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Schwartz, Alyssa D., Lauren E. Barney, Lauren E. Jansen, Thuy V. Nguyen, Christopher L. Hall, Aaron S. Meyer, and Shelly R. Peyton. "A biomaterial screening approach reveals microenvironmental mechanisms of drug resistance." Integrative Biology 9, no. 12 (November 21, 2017): 912–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ib00128b.

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Bösing, Ingmar, Jorg Thöming, and Michael Baune. "Electrolyte Composition for Distinguishing Corrosion Mechanisms in Steel Alloy Screening." International Journal of Corrosion 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9425864.

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The formation and breakdown of passive layers due to pitting corrosion are a major cause of failure of metal structures. The investigation of passivation and pitting corrosion requires two different electrochemical measurements and is therefore a time consuming process. To reduce time in material characterization and to study the interactions of both mechanisms, here, a combined experiment addressing both phenomena is introduced. In the presented electrolyte the different corrosion mechanisms are distinguished and investigated by cyclic voltammograms and polarization scans. The measurements show a passive area, metastable pit growth, and pitting corrosion as well as repassivation. The pitting corrosion is separated from additional dissolution processes and the standard deviation of the corrosion potential is smaller than in other electrolytes. Both passivation and pitting corrosion can be observed in one measurement without additional corrosion attacks. The deviation between different measurements of the same steel is small; this is helpful for the screening of similar materials.

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Kennedy, Casey L., Andrew H. Hill, and Erik M. Grumstrup. "Screening Links Transport and Recombination Mechanisms in Lead Halide Perovskites." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 123, no. 25 (June 2, 2019): 15827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b03235.

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Kleiman, G. G., R. Landers, P. A. P. Nascente, and S. G. C. de Castro. "L3M4,5M4,5 Auger transitions and screening mechanisms in the 4d metals." Surface Science Letters 287-288 (May 1993): A419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(93)90539-u.

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Song, Hong-Gyu, Sun-Lul Kwon, and Min-Ji Jung. "Screening of some bacteria having different mechanisms for hydrocarbon degradation." New Biotechnology 33 (July 2016): S124—S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.1155.

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Kleiman, G. G., R. Landers, P. A. P. Nascente, and S. G. C. de Castro. "L3M4,5M4,5 Auger transitions and screening mechanisms in the 4d metals." Surface Science 287-288 (May 1993): 798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(93)91075-z.

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Miller, J. Mitchell, and J. Eagle Shutt. "Considering the Need for Empirically Grounded Drug Court Screening Mechanisms." Journal of Drug Issues 31, no. 1 (January 2001): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260103100106.

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S. Seiden, Lewis. "A behavioral tool for screening antidepressant drugs and neurochemical mechanisms." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 48, no. 3 (July 1994): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(94)90354-9.

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TAMKOVICH, I. A., L. I. SAPUNOVA, and I. G. CHYZH. "SCREENING OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI SYNTHESIZING INVERTASE." Микробные биотехнологии: фундаментальные и прикладные аспекты 13 (October 21, 2021): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/2226-3136-2021-13-130-143.

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Results of screening invertase-synthesizing filamentous fungi deposited at Belarusian collection of non-pathogenic microorganisms and isolated from various sugar-containing substrates have been presented. Model organisms were selected to study the mechanisms of synthesis and properties of invertase.

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Liao, Li-Jen, Wan-Lun Hsu, Chi-Ju Chen, and Yen-Ling Chiu. "Feature Reviews of the Molecular Mechanisms of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma." Biomedicines 11, no. 6 (May 25, 2023): 1528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061528.

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rare in most parts of the world but endemic in southern Asia. Here, we describe the molecular abnormalities in NPC and point out potential molecular mechanisms for future therapy. This article provides a brief up-to-date review focusing on the molecular pathways of NPC, which may improve our knowledge of this disease, and we also highlight some issues for further research. In brief, some heritable genes are related to NPC; therefore, people with a family history of NPC have an increased risk of this disease. Carcinogenic substances and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) exposure both contribute to tumorigenesis through the accumulation of multiple genomic changes. In recent years, salted fish intake has decreased the impact on NPC, which implies that changing exposure to carcinogens can modify the risk of NPC. Eradication of cancer-associated viruses potentially eradicates cancer, and EBV vaccines might also prevent this disease in the future. Screening patients by using an EBV antibody is feasible in the high-risk group; plasma EBV DNA measurement could also be conducted for screening, prognosis, and monitoring of this disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of NPC can further provide novel information for health promotion, disease screening, and precision cancer treatment.

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Poljanec, Kristijan, and Tomislav Jakšić. "Safeguarding Croatian Strategic Industries Within the Scope of the EU Foreign Direct Investment Regime." Central European Journal of Comparative Law 1, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47078/2020.2.123-149.

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A European Union (EU)-wide screening regime entered into force in October 2020, marking the turning point in the Member States’ investment relations with third countries, most notably, the emerging economies of the Far East. Most Central and Eastern European (CEE) states have recently embraced novel screening solutions; some legislative proposals are still pending in a few states. These regulatory changes are the result of the socio-economic turmoil caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, which threatens a major fire sale of resources that are deemed critical for the Member States’ national security and public order. In this paper, the authors examine the existing screening mechanisms regarding foreign direct investment (FDI) in five EU countries: Austria, Germany, Hungary, Slovenia, and Poland. Given the apparent lack of comprehensive FDI screening mechanisms in Croatia, the authors consider that the findings of this comparative analysis could help Croatian legislator establish a comprehensive legal regime for FDI pouring into Croatian strategic industries. This paper argues that Croatia should introduce novel screening mechanisms along the lines of the Germanic legal tradition, most notably, the CEE and the German foreign trade and payments law. The authors suggest potential solutions de lege ferenda that would fit the scope and objectives of the screening regulation. Following the introduction, the second section of the paper glances through FDI screening mechanisms in four CEE countries. In the third section, the paper revisits the existing Croatian legislation on FDI control. The fourth section considers possible amendments thereof within the context of the German foreign trade and payments law. The fifth section summarises and concludes the paper.

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Zhang, Bo, Yufang He, Hongqiang Gao, Xiaodan Wang, Jinli Liu, Hong Xu, Li Wang, and Xiangming He. "Unraveling the doping mechanisms in lithium iron phosphate." Energy Materials 2, no. 2 (2022): 200013. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.12.

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As a result of the extensive research and application of LiFePO4 (LFP) in the past > 20 years, there is now a relatively in-depth understanding of its structural stability, phase transition mechanism and electrochemical properties. However, the difficulties faced by further improving the performance of LFP due to its intrinsic low electronic and ionic conductivity have not yet been effectively solved. In order to unlock the effect of transition metal doping on the physicochemical properties of LFP, we establish doping models for all 3d, 4d and 5d transition metals in LFP and compare and analyze their structural properties, band gaps, formation energies, elastic properties, anisotropies and lithiation/delithiation voltages using ab-initio computational screening. According to our screening results, the V-, Mn-, Ni-, Rh- and Os-doped LFP structures have excellent electrochemical properties and can be used as high-performance cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Screening mechanisms'

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