Relevant bibliographies by topics / Scratch

Academic literature on the topic 'Scratch'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Scratch"

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Liu, Yan Yan, Laura G. Gladkis, and Heiko Timmers. "Micro-Scratching of UHMW Polyethylene Surfaces." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2455.

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Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has been micro-scratched with 90° cube corner tips. The scratch mode was flat-on, uni-directional and single pass. The micro-scratches and cross-sectional scratch profiles were characterised with atomic force microscopy. No detached debris is produced. Cross-sectional scratch profiles have been analysed using Zum Gahr’s formalism giving an fab ratio slightly above zero. This is consistent with expectation for ductile polymers where none or little detached debris is produced. However, the observation contrasts with that for other polymers, such as PMMA, PEP and PC, for which inconclusive results suggest an excess pile-up implying an inconceivable change of mass density or material gain.
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Shi, Xin Hong, and Mei Juan Shan. "Effect of Scratch Depths on Fatigue Properties of PMMA for Aircraft Canopies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.81.

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A series of fatigue tests is performed for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens without scratches and with scratches. The scratch depth is set to be 0.2mm, 0.3mm and 0.4mm, respectively. Based on the experimental results, it can be deduced that contained fatigue limit of specimens with scratches significantly decreases compared to specimens without scratches. Besides, contained fatigue limit decreases gradually with scratch depth increasing from 0.0mm to 0.4mm. Consequently, it can be concluded that fatigue properties of PMMA will decrease when there exists scratch and for scratch depth from 0.0mm to 0.4mm, fatigue property decreases remarkably with deeper scratch.
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Jucius, Lazauskas, and Gudaitis. "Multiple Hydrogen-Bonding Assisted Scratch–Healing of Transparent Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 12 (November 26, 2019): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120796.

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The partial cross-linking reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by esterification using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a cross-linking agent was performed to obtain a PVA–PAA supramolecular polymer complex. The PVA–PAA coatings with a different molar ratio between hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were prepared to examine scratch–healing ability. These coatings exhibited high optical transparency and excellent scratch–healing properties, which are attributed to considerable amount of free hydroxyl groups at the scratched interfaces to reversibly form multiple hydrogen bonds. Importantly, the PVA–PAA polymer was capable of initiating scratch recovery at temperature of 20 °C and relative humidity (RH) of 40%. Scratches produced on the PVA–PAA polymer coatings with different constant loading in the range of 1.5–2.7 N were healed significantly more rapidly under humid conditions (RH = 99%). Increase of cross-linking temperature also resulted in similar effect but with some reduction of the final scratch healing ratio.
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Mengesha, Betelhiem N., Andrew C. Grizzle, Wondwosen Demisse, Kate L. Klein, Amy Elliott, and Pawan Tyagi. "Machine Learning-Enabled Quantitative Analysis of Optically Obscure Scratches on Nickel-Plated Additively Manufactured (AM) Samples." Materials 16, no. 18 (September 20, 2023): 6301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186301.

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Additively manufactured metal components often have rough and uneven surfaces, necessitating post-processing and surface polishing. Hardness is a critical characteristic that affects overall component properties, including wear. This study employed K-means unsupervised machine learning to explore the relationship between the relative surface hardness and scratch width of electroless nickel plating on additively manufactured composite components. The Taguchi design of experiment (TDOE) L9 orthogonal array facilitated experimentation with various factors and levels. Initially, a digital light microscope was used for 3D surface mapping and scratch width quantification. However, the microscope struggled with the reflections from the shiny Ni-plating and scatter from small scratches. To overcome this, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) generated grayscale images and 3D height maps of the scratched Ni-plating, thus enabling the precise characterization of scratch widths. Optical identification of the scratch regions and quantification were accomplished using Python code with a K-means machine-learning clustering algorithm. The TDOE yielded distinct Ni-plating hardness levels for the nine samples, while an increased scratch force showed a non-linear impact on scratch widths. The enhanced surface quality resulting from Ni coatings will have significant implications in various industrial applications, and it will play a pivotal role in future metal and alloy surface engineering.
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Shi, Xin Hong, and Mei Juan Shan. "Effect of Scratch Depths on Tensile Strength of PMMA for Aircraft Canopies." Advanced Materials Research 1056 (October 2014): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1056.8.

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Static tensile tests of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens without scratches and containing a scratch whose depth was set to be 0.2mm, 0.3mm and 0.4mm, respectively, were carried out to explore effect of scratch depths on tensile strength of PMMA. Based on the experimental load-displacement curves, the specimens without scratches deform most severely when the failure comes forth. The failure deformation declines gradually with higher scratch depth, namely higher scratch depth leads to lower plastic deformation. It thus follows that the scratch significantly reduces the tensile strength of PMMA while the variation of the scratch depth from 0.2mm to 0.4mm has negligible influence on the tensile strength of PMMA.
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Gao, Weimin, Lijing Wang, Jolanta K. Coffey, Hongren Wu, and Fugen Daver. "Finite Element Modelling and Experimental Validation of Scratches on Textured Polymer Surfaces." Polymers 13, no. 7 (March 25, 2021): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071022.

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Surface texturing is a common modification method for altering the surface properties of a material. Predicting the response of a textured surface to scratching is significant in surface texturing and material design. In this study, scratches on a thermoplastic material with textured surface are simulated and experimentally tested. The effect of texture on scratch resistance, surface visual appearance, surface deformation and material damage are investigated. Bruise spot scratches on textured surfaces are found at low scratch forces (<3 N) and their size at different scratch forces is approximately the same. There is a critical point between the bruise spot damage and the texture pattern damage caused by continuous scratching. Scratch resistance coefficients and an indentation depth-force pattern are revealed for two textured surfaces. A texture named “Texture CB” exhibits high effectiveness in enhancing scratch visibility resistance and can increase the scratch resistance by more than 40% at low scratch forces. The simulation method and the analysis of the power spectral density of the textured surface enable an accurate prediction of scratches.
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Duan, Miaomiao, Zhufeng Yue, and Qianguang Song. "Effect of Superficial Scratch Damage on Tension Properties of Carbon/Epoxy Plain Weave Laminates." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5590448.

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The effect of scratch damage on the tension properties of carbon fiber plain weave laminates has been studied in detail using digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE). A range of scratch lengths was machined onto different laminates. The bearing capacity of the laminates was then compared with that of unaltered samples. The strain field distributions near the scratches were measured and analyzed as a function of scratch length with DIC. Initiation and propagation of damage were monitored during the tensile tests using AE. Failure sites and morphologies were observed and analyzed. The results show that superficial scratches have little effect on the strength of plain weave laminates when the scratch length is less than 80% of the specimen width. Scratches affect the distribution of strain near the scratch but not far away from the scratch or at the back face of the sample. Not all samples broke from the scratch site but instead broke from the free edge of the sample or close to the gripping region.
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Zhou, Guangqi, Ye Tian, Feng Shi, Ci Song, Guipeng Tie, Shijie Liu, Gang Zhou, Jianda Shao, and Zhouling Wu. "Scratch Morphology Transformation: An Alternative Method of Scratch Processing on Optical Surface." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091030.

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The scratches on an optical surface can worsen the performance of elements. The normal process method is removing scratches entirely. However, it is a tough and high-cost requirement of removing extremely deep scratches and maintaining all the other excellent indicators at the same time. As the alternative of removing, we propose the method of scratch morphology transformation to diminish the drawbacks induced by scratches. We measure the morphology of scratches, establish the transformation models and transform them to the needed shape. In engineering applications, transformation can solve scratch drawbacks or limitations in an efficient and effective way. Then, residual scratches become acceptable. The transformation can also be amalgamated into the error figuring processes. Typical scratch transforming examples are experimented and AFM measurement is conducted. We explore the rule of scratch morphology transformation by two typical fabrication means: magnetorheological finishing (MRF) and HF etching. This morphology transforming method is an economical alternative for current defect-free fabrication. That will significantly decrease fabrication time, cost and risk, while the optical quality maintain.
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Tan, Zhiying, Yan Ji, Zhongwen Fei, Xiaobin Xu, and Baolai Zhao. "Image-Based Scratch Detection by Fuzzy Clustering and Morphological Features." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 6490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186490.

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Detection of scratch defects on randomly textured surfaces remains challenging due to their unnoticeable visual features. In this paper, an algorithm for piezoelectric ceramic plate surface scratch defects based on the combination of fuzzy c-means clustering and morphological features is proposed. Foreground membership of each gray value is calculated firstly on a reference set of training images by fuzzy c-means clustering and the interpolation method, then an enhanced image is obtained by multiplying the foreground membership function and gray image. The location relationship between regions and the gradient direction of regions is extracted from the binary image of the enhanced image. Based on the morphological features, isolated non-scratched defects are filtered out and the intermittent scratches are merged. Experiments show that the algorithm can be used to detect scratch defects on the surface of a piezoelectric ceramics plate with randomly textured surfaces.
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Dong, Zhi Gang, and C. W. Kang. "Study on Deformation and Damage of Single Crystal MgO by Micro-Scratch." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 940–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.940.

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Scratch experiments were performed on MgO (001) plane along different crystallographic orientations with the gradually increased forces to investigate the deformaton and damage of MgO. The normal and lateral forces during scratch, as well as the topography characteristics of the residual scratch along different crystallographic orientations were compared and analyzed. The cracks propagation around the scratch were studied. The patterns of cracks and scratches were found to be very different when scratching along different crystallographic orientations. The mechanism of cracks forming beside the scratches on single crystal MgO was discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scratch"

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Browning, Robert Lee. "Quantitative characterization of polymer scratch behavior using a standardized scratch test." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5988.

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The lack of a widely-accepted quantitative methodology for evaluating the scratch behavior of polymeric materials has resulted in the development and establishment of a new methodology recently standardized as ASTM D7027-05. Using a custom-built instrumented scratch machine, it is possible to produce controlled, repeatable scratches on polymer surfaces under constant or linearly increasing loading conditions at constant or increasing scratch rates. Software-aided digital image analysis along with material science tools (SEM, OM, FTIR, etc.) allows polymer scratch behavior to be analyzed without the ambiguity inherent in the past. The current work will serve to describe the motivation for the development of this methodology as well as illustrate the effectiveness of the increasing load/constant rate test mode in three case studies. First, it will be shown that an acrylic coating on a steel system exhibits three zones of scratch damage: adhesive delamination, transverse cracking and finally buckling failure. It will be discussed how increases in ductility and thickness serve to improve the scratch resistantance of this coating/substrate system. Improvements in the scratch behavior of thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) through the use of surface-treated talc fillers and the slip agent erucamide will be shown in the second case. It was found that the surface-treatment of the talc likely allows for enhanced migration of the erucamide to the TPO surface, thus lowering the surface friction and greatly increasing scratch resistance. Finally, the effects of processing conditions, namely injection molding, on the scratch behavior of neat i-polypropylene will be represented by the results of scratch tests conducted where the scratch direction was oriented both along and transverse to the polymer melt flow direction. Based on the findings of the study, there appears to be a high degree of surface anisotropy introduced to injection-molded polymers due to complex fluid flow regimes as well as non-uniform cooling properties.
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Lim, Goy Teck. "Scratch behavior of polymers." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2720.

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This dissertation work is focused on the analytical and numerical examination of the mechanical response of polypropylene (PP) under scratch deformation by a semispherical indenter. The finite element (FE) method is employed as the analysis technique and ABAQUS??, a commercial FE package is adopted to perform the analysis. Important physical and computational considerations on the implementation of FE analyses for the scratch problem are reviewed. It is shown through the discussion of the generated results that a good understanding can be gained on how different scratch conditions can affect scratch behavior of PP. A phenomenological deduction of the scratch damage process and mechanisms is also established. Considering the two main damage modes of polymers, shear yielding and crazing, it is shown that the two damage modes not only exist in the scratch deformation, and moreover, that they may compete against each other for dominance. A parametric study is also performed to assess the influence of material and surface properties on scratch response of material. A secondary research effort is also made to investigate the material constitutive modeling of polymers. Focusing on elastomeric or rubbery materials, a new mixed network model between the Gaussian and eight-chain non-Gaussian models is proposed. This mixed model inherently preserves the good predictive power of these two models and yields better predictions over a wider range of deformation than that of the rubber model adopted by ABAQUS??.
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Pelillo, Enrico. "Scratch deformations of polymers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286438.

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Varadi, Jasline Deepthi Das. "Scratch Behavior of Polystyrene." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1259183439.

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Stellato, Marco. "Horizon entropy from scratch." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6693/.

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Scopo di questo lavoro di tesi è lo studio di alcune proprietà delle teorie generali della gravità in relazione alla meccanica e la termodinamica dei buchi neri. In particolare, la trattazione che seguirà ha lo scopo di fornire un percorso autoconsistente che conduca alla nozione di entropia di un orizzonte descritta in termini delle carica di Noether associata all'invarianza del funzionale d'azione, che descrive la teoria gravitazionale in considerazione, per trasformazioni di coordinate generali. Si presterà particolare attenzione ad alcune proprietà geometriche della Lagrangiana, proprietà che sono indipendenti dalla particolare forma della teoria che si sta prendendo in considerazione; trattasi cioè non di proprietà dinamiche, legate cioè alla forma delle equazioni del moto del campo gravitazionale, ma piuttosto caratteristiche proprie di qualunque varietà rappresentante uno spaziotempo curvo. Queste caratteristiche fanno sì che ogni teoria generale della gravità possieda alcune grandezze definite localmente sullo spaziotempo, in particolare una corrente di Noether e la carica ad essa associata. La forma esplicita della corrente e della carica dipende invece dalla Lagrangiana che si sceglie di adottare per descrivere il campo gravitazionale. Il lavoro di tesi sarà orientato prima a descrivere come questa corrente di Noether emerge in qualunque teoria della gravità invariante per trasformazioni generali e come essa viene esplicitata nel caso di Lagrangiane particolari, per poi identificare la carica ad essa associata come una grandezza connessa all' entropia di un orizzonte in qualunque teoria generale della gravità.
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Cao, Lin, and Iina-Leena Lehtonen. "" You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours" : - Exportrådet och guanxi i dagens affärsliv." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7561.

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Tsur, Moran. "Scratch Microworlds : introducing novices to scratch using an interest-based, open-ended, scaffolded experience." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112561.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 99-101).
Currently, many introductory coding activities for children focus on engaging them in solving puzzles. This thesis explores a different approach to introducing coding that engages children in creating projects based on their interests. I present the iterative design and testing of Scratch Microworlds, simplified versions of the Scratch coding environment that contain a small set of blocks for making projects based on a theme, such as dance, soccer, or music. I use a design-based research approach to iteratively design, implement and evaluate Scratch Microworlds. The design of Scratch Microworlds is guided by three questions: (1) how to simplify initial experiences while still supporting creativity, (2) how to provide scaffolding while maintaining learners' agency, and (3) how to provide starting points that spark rather than limit the imagination. This thesis describes the design process, and analyzes the results of user-testing with children and educators. It concludes with a set of guidelines for the design of newcomer experiences into coding that support children as creative thinkers, informed by constructionist learning theory.
by Moran Tsur.
S.M.
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Correia, Tânia Filipa Martins. "Scratch na aprendizagem da matemática." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/6568.

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Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Este trabalho apresenta um estudo, realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular Estágio III do ano letivo 2013/2014, que se desenvolveu com alunos do 4º ano de escolaridade de uma turma do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O seu principal objetivo é compreender as potencialidades do Scratch para a aprendizagem da Matemática e os constrangimentos que podem surgir durante a sua utilização na aula. Em particular, pretende-se perceber que ideias e conceitos matemáticos emergem no desenvolvimento de projetos com o Scratch, quais as potencialidades do Scratch para o estabelecimento de conexões matemáticas e que dificuldades surgem em atividades matemáticas que envolvam o Scratch. Trata-se de um estudo que visa compreender o envolvimento dos alunos na utilização de um recurso informático (o Scratch) para trabalhar a área da Matemática. Assim, no enquadramento teórico, procura-se clarificar o que se entende por aprender Matemática hoje e discutir o papel do Scratch no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática. Em termos metodológicos, o estudo enquadra-se numa abordagem qualitativa de investigação e no paradigma interpretativo. Os dados foram recolhidos através da observação participante, recolha documental e entrevistas. Os resultados do estudo revelam que a grande maioria dos alunos esteve bastante interessada e envolvida em toda a atividade desenvolvida com o Scratch. Entre as razões para o seu interesse e envolvimento, estão a possibilidade de desenvolverem projetos em que tinham alguma autonomia e a oportunidade de partilharem questões/dúvidas bem como estratégias que utilizaram para as ultrapassar as suas dificuldades. Neste processo, consolidaram conhecimentos e compreenderam noções que ainda não tinham aprendido ou percebido até então. Além disso, vários alunos foram além daquilo que lhes foi solicitado como aconteceu, nomeadamente a propósito da “decoração” dos projetos e quando, na tentativa de programar a construção de alguns polígonos, descobriram como se desenham outros. Quanto às dificuldades experienciadas, houve algumas diferenças. Em geral, as maiores dificuldades foram a seleção dos comandos para a construção, no Scratch, dos dois primeiros polígonos regulares e a elaboração de registos escritos que descrevessem os raciocínios feitos. Estas dificuldades geraram, nalguns casos, uma desmotivação inicial que deixou de existir assim que os alunos começaram a compreender como se faziam as construções e os raciocínios que tinham de utilizar.
This report presents a study carried out under Stage III of the course of the school year 2013/2014, which is developed with a group of 4 th grade of the 1st cycle of elementary education. Its main objective is to understand the potentialities of Scratch for learning mathematics and the constraints that might arise during its use in the classroom. In particular, it aims to understand mathematical concepts and ideas that emerge in developing projects with Scratch, Scratch which potentialities for establishing mathematical connections and difficulties in mathematical activities involving Scratch. This is a study to understand the involvement of students in the use of a computer resource (Scratch) to work the area of mathematics. Thus, the theoretical framework, seek to clarify what is meant by learning mathematics today and discuss the role of Scratch in teaching and learning mathematics. In terms of methodology, the study was based on a qualitative research approach and on the interpretive paradigm. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews and document collection. The study results reveal that the vast majority of students was very interested and involved in any activity developed with Scratch. Among the reasons for their interest and involvement, are the capacity to develop projects where they had some autonomy and the opportunity to share questions/concerns and strategies they used to overcome their difficulties. In this process, the students consolidate knowledge and understand concepts that had not yet been able to realize until then. In addition, several students were beyond what they are asked for. This situation has arisen, in particular, concerning the "decoration" of projects and when, in an attempt to program the construction of some polygons, they figured out how to draw others. Regarding the difficulties experienced, there were some differences. In general, the main difficulties were the selection of commands for the construction in Scratch, of the first two regular polygons and the preparation of written records to describe their reasoning. These difficulties have generated, in some cases, an initial lack of motivation, which no longer exists as soon as the students began to understand how to do the constructions and the arguments they had to use.
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Bressan, Manuelle Lopes Quintas. "Scratch! um estudo de caso." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2713.

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O estudo objetivou analisar como e se um Ambiente Visual de Programação pode contribuir apoiando os processos criativos de adolescentes, sendo uma ferramenta auxiliar para a aprendizagem pela solução de problemas, incitando novas formas de utilização das TIC na educação. O presente estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de aprofundar as questões relacionadas ao uso das TIC pelos docentes da Educação Básica e não apenas o uso de projetores e vídeos para substituir o quadro de giz, ou ferramentas de pesquisa em sites de busca apenas para transmitir informações de maneira a privilegiar as metodologias tradicionais de ensino. Como metodologia de pesquisa optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa de natureza interpretativa do tipo estudo de caso múltiplo. A apreensão dos dados foi em campo experimental por meio de questionário socioeducacional e diários de bordo, seguida da análise de conteúdos e descrição dos resultados obtidos. Os participantes do estudo foram adolescentes de 13 escolas públicas e privadas de Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio no Município de Araucária-Pr. O estudo evidenciou o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores, pensamento computacional nos estudantes como atenção, memória e percepção. Estas habilidades foram observadas durante a elaboração dos projetos, por meio das habilidades de compreensão, planejamento, retrospecto e desenvolvimento de estratégias individuais e coletivas para a solução dos problemas encontrados. Este estudo se diferencia de outros já realizados com o Scratch, pois, enfatiza a busca da liberdade e criatividade dos sujeitos discentes na elaboração de projetos próprios, como estratégia para a autonomia.
The study aimed to analyze how and if a Visual Programming Environment can contribute by supporting the creative processes of adolescents, an auxiliary tool for learning by problem solving, encouraging new ways of using ICT in education. This study is justified by the need to deepen the issues related to the use of ICT in Basic Education teachers and not only the use of projectors and videos to replace the chalkboard, or research tools in search engines only to convey information in order to favor traditional teaching methodologies. As a research methodology was chosen qualitative approach to interpretation, the study of case type. The seizure of the data was in experimental field through socio-educational and daily quiz board, followed by analysis of content and description of the results obtained. Study participants were adolescents from 13 public and private elementary schools and high school in the city of Araucaria-Pr. The study showed the development of higher psychological functions, computational thinking in students such as attention, memory and perception. These skills were observed during the preparation of projects, through the comprehension skills, planning, retrospect and development of individual and collective strategies to solve the problems encountered. This study differs from others already undertaken with Scratch therefore emphasizes the pursuit of freedom and creativity of the subjects students in developing their own projects, as a strategy for autonomy.
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Marrs, Jo-Ann. "Developing a Course from Scratch." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7111.

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Books on the topic "Scratch"

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McAllister, Troon. Scratch. [New York: Rugged Land, 2003.

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Scratch. Hanford, CA: Oak Tree Press, 2014.

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Scratch. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Cherry Lake Publishing, 2015.

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Scratch. Köln: König, 2002.

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Collective, London Musicians', ed. 25 Years from Scratch: The Scratch Orchestra. London: London Musicians Collective, 1994.

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Comfort, Ray. Scratch & sniff. Alachua, Fla: Bridge-Logos, 2006.

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Moss, Miriam. Scritch scratch. New York: Orchard Books, 2001.

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From scratch. Kingston, R.I: Moyer Bell, 2003.

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Moss, Miriam. Scritch scratch. New York: Orchard Books, 2001.

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From scratch. Santa Rosa, CA: Black Sparrow Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Scratch"

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Weik, Martin H. "scratch." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1525. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16698.

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Carullo, Giuliana. "From Scratch." In Implementing Effective Code Reviews, 93–105. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6162-0_6.

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Cromhout, Gavin, Josh Fallon, Nathan Flood, Katy Freer, Jim Hannah, Adrian Luna, Douglas Mullen, Francine Spiegel, and James Widegren. "From Scratch." In Photoshop Face to Face, 215–45. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-5137-8_8.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Scratch Coat." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 648. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10351.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Scratch Hardness." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 648. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10352.

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Hutchence, Kai. "Why Scratch?" In The Teacher’s Guide to Scratch – Beginner, 16–28. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003399018-3.

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Hutchence, Kai. "Scratch Basics." In The Teacher’s Guide to Scratch – Beginner, 29–65. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003399018-4.

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Hutchence, Kai. "Troubleshooting Scratch." In The Teacher’s Guide to Scratch – Beginner, 152–66. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003399018-12.

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Weber, Eric. "From Scratch." In Designbuild Education, 201–13. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315665771-14.

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Weik, Martin H. "scratch file." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1525. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_16699.

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Conference papers on the topic "Scratch"

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Donaldson, Alastair F., Daniel Kroening, and Philipp Ruemmer. "SCRATCH." In the 16th ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1941553.1941604.

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Duarte, Pedro, Pedro Tomas, and Gabriel Falcao. "SCRATCH." In MICRO-50: The 50th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3123939.3123953.

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Li, Chuan-Xiang, Zhen-Duo Chen, Peng-Fei Zhang, Xin Luo, Liqiang Nie, Wei Zhang, and Xin-Shun Xu. "SCRATCH." In MM '18: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240508.3240547.

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Brennan, Karen, Andrés Monroy Hernández, and Mitchel Resnick. "Scratch." In the 9th international conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1599503.1599576.

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Dorling, Mark, and Dave White. "Scratch." In SIGCSE '15: The 46th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2676723.2677256.

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Hermans, Felienne, and Efthimia Aivaloglou. "To Scratch or not to Scratch?" In WiPSCE '17: 12th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3137065.3137072.

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He, Daxiong, Weixing Chen, Jingli Luo, Fraser King, Tom Jack, and Kevin Krist. "Effect of Surface Scratch Roughness and Orientation on the Development of SCC of Line Pipe Steel in Near Neutral pH Environment." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-223.

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This research has focused on the effect of surface roughness and surface scratch orientation on the development of neutral pH SCC on pipeline steels. The susceptibility to neutral pH SCC was assessed in this study using slow strain rate testing on X-65 line pipe steel. The surfaces of the test samples were ground using either #240 or #600 sandpaper to introduce different scratch roughness. Scratches were produced with an orientation parallel, perpendicular and inclined at 45° to the loading direction, respectively. The test samples were exposed to a synthetic neutral pH ground water at both open circuit potential (OCP) and −800 mV (SCE). It has been found that the reduction in ductility due to a near neutral pH environment was more than 20% larger for the specimens with perpendicular scratches than those with parallel scratches, either at OCP or −800 mV (SCE). Roughness appeared to have little effect on the ductility of the specimen with parallel scratches. However, it has some effect on the sample with perpendicular scratches. For these samples, a finer scratch caused more reduction in ductility than the rougher scratches, particularly under cathodically protected conditions. The reduction in ductility for the specimen with scratches 45° inclined to stress axis was in between those with parallel and perpendicular scratches. The difference in ductility arising from scratch roughness and orientation was consistent with the observation of the surface conditions after test. For samples with perpendicular and angle scratches, cracks were seen to coincide with scratch lines. For those with parallel scratches, only short cracks developed in a direction approximately 45° to the stress axis. Mechanisms concerning this scratch-facilitated crack formation are discussed.
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Venkatesh, Karthik, Abhishek Srivastava, Rahul Rai, and Bernhard Knigge. "Scratch Detection on Hard Disk Drive Media to Reduce Head Disk Interaction and Prevent Data Loss." In ASME 2021 30th Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2021-65295.

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Abstract Accurately detecting irregularities in the media — thermal asperities and delamination — and mapping them out from further usage is critical to prevent data loss and minimize head disk interaction (HDI). Defect growth is a common concern in hard disk drives (HDD) and the immediate vicinity of media defects are also mapped out to provide sufficient protection against defect growth. A class of media defects that prove more complex to protect against defect growth is scratches on the media. Margining a media scratch involves filling in the gaps between the components of a scratch and margining the vicinity of the scratch in the defect growth direction. While Hough transform based techniques and deeplearning models have been developed to identify media patterns, they cannot be implemented in the hard disk drive firmware due to memory and computational limitations. Here, we present a computationally simple and efficient alternative to identify scratches on the media by combining clustering and an iterative parameter estimation to fit a line to the scratch in noisy conditions. The result is a method that is capable of modeling linear, spiral and parabolic scratches on a media and fill gaps in the scratch and extend the margining at either end of the scratch.
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Franklin, Diana, David Weintrop, Jennifer Palmer, Merijke Coenraad, Melissa Cobian, Kristan Beck, Andrew Rasmussen, et al. "Scratch Encore." In SIGCSE '20: The 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3328778.3366912.

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Moreno-León, Jesús, and Gregorio Robles. "Dr. Scratch." In WiPSCE '15: Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2818314.2818338.

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Reports on the topic "Scratch"

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Young, Matt. Redefining the scratch standards. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.tn.1080.

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López-García, Juan Carlos. Guía de Referencia de Scratch 3.0. Universidad Icesi, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18046/edukafe.2020.10.

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Foster, Nancy. Designing a New Academic Library from Scratch. New York: Ithaka S+R, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.24776.

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Raychev, Nikolay. Mathematical foundations of neural networks. Implementing a perceptron from scratch. Web of Open Science, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37686/nsr.v1i1.74.

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Іванова, Галина Ігорівна. Використання Thunkable для розробки мобільних додатків при вивченні програмування. ГО «Європейська наукова платформа» (Вінниця, Україна) та ТОВ «International Centre Corporative Management» (Відень, Австрія), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/7037.

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У статті йдеться мова про можливості середовища блочного програмування Thunkable,вивчення якого можна розглядати як логічне продовження вивчення візуальної мови програмування Scratch. Розглянуто технічні вимоги до роботи із навчальним середовищем, можливі шляхи тестування створеного мобільного додатку, режими роботи середовища Thunkable.
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Shrivastava, Aviral. Compiling for Novel Scratch Pad Memory based Multicore Architectures for Extreme Scale Computing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1236968.

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Lim, Hannah, John Curry, and Michael Dugger. Improved Throughput and Analysis of Scratch Test Results via Automation and Machine Learning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1861003.

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Prasad, Jayanti. Python for Everyone. Instats Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/e4vcgi9pa8cuz469.

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The 'Learning Python from Scratch' seminar, led by Jayanti Prasad, provides a comprehensive introduction to Python for academic researchers across various disciplines. The five-day workshop covers Python basics, data manipulation, visualization, machine learning, and advanced topics, aiming to enhance participants' data analysis capabilities and enrich their research pursuits.
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Ghalachyan, Armine. Made from Scratch. A Sustainable Handbag Made of Bacterial Cellulose Grown in Fermenting Tea. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-263.

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Arsenio, Artur M. Learning Task Sequences from Scratch: Applications to the Control of Tools and Toys by a Humanoid Robot. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434681.

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