Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scotlande'
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Parkin, Simon J. "Valuing the vernacular : Scotland's earth-built heritage and the impacts of climate change." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22126.
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Scotland’s vernacular earth-built heritage has received inadequate recognition over a number of decades, being the reserve of a small group of academic, architectural and conservation practitioners, with negative perceptions of the structures and their inhabitants having been developed over the long-term. This has ultimately contributed to the loss of a wide number of earth building traditions previously widespread across Scotland. Heritage custodians have invested in the restoration and maintenance of a select few sites, but wider recognition of the significance of extant structures, including the intangible aspects of inherited traditions, remains limited. This thesis therefore seeks in the first instance to promote improved understandings of Scotland’s earth-built heritage through historical appraisals that underline its wider heritage value within global, regional and local contexts, whilst demonstrating the limitations of survey evidence hitherto relied upon. Heritage policies and management procedures are increasingly driven in response to the climate changes projected for the remainder of the twenty-first century, partly informed by the impacts of changes that have already been observed. As a result of this, new fields of research such as heritage climatology have developed with a view to offering bases from which to develop longer term mitigation and management strategies that recognise potential changes to the causes and processes of deterioration in the historic environment. Alongside the development of academic interest in climate and heritage has been an ever-increasing accessibility to advanced analysis methods through technical apparatus (often portable) that can be used to create improved evidence repositories based on processes-led approaches to investigation. Scotland’s earth-built heritage is susceptible to a range of climate-related phenomena that are likely to manifest in different ways over coming decades. Conservation strategies have continued to rely, however, upon the empirical observations and the experience of very few individuals since the latter-twentieth century. Consequently, the ad hoc approaches to the management of Scotland’s earth-built heritage and lack of strategic planning that have been typical to this point require amendment. This interdisciplinary thesis therefore seeks to contribute to addressing the issues outlined above through the exploration and application of portable scientific sampling apparatus that allow for in situ, rapid and non-intrusive insights to be gained at various scales of interest. These, together with other minimally intrusive approaches to assessing performance in earth building materials, allow for the development of processes-led strategies to extending the evidence base beyond that presently relied upon. Amongst the key outcomes of this are the generation of a locally-focused dataset of climate projections that are used to develop understandings of future climate conditions in the Carse of Gowrie, Perthshire, and in turn garner insights as to how these will impact in relation to the earth-built heritage for which this region is noted. Temperature and humidity monitoring evidence gathered from within the walls of extant structures over the course of fourteen months from March 2012 to April 2013 are set against contemporary external weather conditions and alongside measurements of moisture ingress. These serve to highlight both aspects of inherent resilience and points of particular risk to the future integrity of earth-built structures. An extended benefit of this work is the demonstration that the novel procedures used are easily replicated and could be employed in a variety of local contexts to develop suites of intra-site data across Scotland, with the potential for offering evidence-based inferences relevant to management procedures and policy discussion. The utility of the understandings and methods of investigation long established in the field of soil science but conspicuously overlooked in earth buildings research is also addressed, with insights into micro-scale processes offered using micromorphological and micromorphometric methods and the results being directly related to macro-scale observations.
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Macdonald, Catriona. "Live long in Scotland : the relative contribution of medicine and standards of living to Scotland's falling mortality rates." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29236.
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Between 1950 and 1999 the Scottish death rate, standardised to the 1950 population, declined from 13.1 per 1000 to 7.8 for men and from 12 per 1000 to 6.3 for women. The main aim of this thesis has been to establish the key influences on this doctrine. Thomas McKeown examined the decline of mortality in an earlier time period (up to the 1970s) and concluded that: falls in deaths from infectious diseases were responsible for the majority of the decline in mortality rate; and the main influence on their decline was standards of living, in particular diet. The causes of death which contributed most to the decline in mortality rates 1950-1999 were established by digitising GRO(S) mortality records and calculating ‘potential lives saved’ . This method allows an estimate to be made of the number of deaths which would be expected to occur in 1999, taking into account changing age structure, if the death rates from 1950 still applied. Tuberculosis (TB), stomach cancer (SC), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke were selected as case studies; these accounted for over 70% of the decline of male and female mortality. The trajectory of decline in these causes of death was then considered in detail and set in social and medical context. The thesis has reached an alternative conclusion from that of Thomas McKeown. It is argued that improving standards of living were responsible for some of the decline in SC and haemorrhagic stroke mortality, and the pre-1950 decline of TB; however, the main influence on the decline of TB, IHD and ischemic stroke mortality post-1950 was medicine. Using the wider definition of the influence of medicine adopted in this study, medicine is considered to account for the majority of the decline in the identified causes of mortality. Medicine has, at last, delivered important contributions to the life expectancy of the Scottish population.
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Stewart, Laura A. M. "Urban politics and British civil wars : Edinburgh, 1617-53 /." Leiden [u.a.] : Brill, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0701/2006298112.html.
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Rovatsos, Alexandria. "Scotland the new melting pot? /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=769.
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Glozier, Matthew Robert. "A nursery for men of honour : Scottish military service in France and the Netherlands, 1660-92 /." View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030423.134206/index.html.
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Thomson, Roy. "The Scottish constitutional convention, with particular reference to the decision on the electoral system to be used by the Parliament of Scotland." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26212.
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Davidson, Janet Morton. "'Dumping grounds' or a meaningful educational experience? : the involvement of Scotland's colleges in the education of disengaged young people." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/360.
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The research examines the discourses surrounding disengaged young people, particularly those under the age of 16, and the role of Scotland’s Colleges in making provision for them. Consideration is given to the voices of the young people themselves: how their college experiences compare to school and how they view themselves over this transition period. Consideration is also given to the policy in this area and how it has developed since the Beattie watershed of 1999. The debate surrounding the involvement of colleges in the provision of education for this group of young people touches on issues of social justice and the construction of children and young people, as well as throwing up questions about the roles and identity of Scotland’s schools and colleges. Among the questions it raises about colleges, it raises issues of pedagogy and of the professional status of its teaching staff and offers recommendations about the lessons each sector might learn from the other . Ultimately, it proposes that Scotland’s Colleges are uniquely placed to seek ascendancy in the post-school sector, welcoming and developing the role that they now play in the transition of young people to adulthood.
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Bicket, Douglas. "Media constructions of Scottish national identity though the prism of the new Scottish parliament /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6199.
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Hart, Krystal. "Scotland Expecting: Gender and National Identity in Alan Warner's Scotland." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5459/.
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This dissertation examines the constructions of gender and national identity in four of Alan Warner's novels: Morvern Callar, These Demented Lands, The Sopranos, and The Man Who Walks. I argue that Warner uses gender identity as the basis for the examination of a Scottish national identity. He uses the metaphor of the body to represent Scotland in devolution. His pregnant females are representative of "Scotland Expecting," a notion that suggests Scotland is expecting independence from England. I argue that this expectation also involves the search for a genuine Scottish identity that is not marred by the effects of colonization. Warner's male characters are emasculated and represent Scotland's mythological past. The Man Who Walks suggests that his female characters' pregnancies result in stillbirths. These stillbirths represent Scotland's inability to let go of the past in order to move towards a future independent nation.
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Jeter-Boldt, Michael. "The greatest improvement of any country economic development in Ullapool and the Highlands, 1786-1835 /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4627.
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Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 24, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Gladman, Zara F. "Crayfish in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3977/.
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Unlike the rest of Britain, Scotland has no native crayfish species. There are, however, two introduced species: the white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) has inhabited Loch Croispol in Sutherland and Whitemoss Reservoir in Renfrewshire for several decades. A. pallipes is endangered in its native range and Scottish stocks may constitute an important conservation resource in the future. The other crayfish species in Scotland, the North American signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) was first recorded in the wild in 1995 and has spread rapidly to inhabit many river catchments and standing waters, where it is considered a serious threat to native biodiversity. The purpose of this thesis was to conduct research into the distribution, control and impact of non-native crayfish in Scotland, with a main focus on P. leniusculus. A comparative field study on the River Clyde in southern-central Scotland was used to test the efficacy of different sampling methods for detecting P. leniusculus in shallow, flowing waters. A combination of kick-sampling and three-run electrofishing was shown to be the most effective method and assisted in the development of a crayfish detection protocol. This protocol has been applied by fishery trusts across Scotland to determine the fine-scale distribution of P. leniusculus in rivers. Results of a radio-tracking study in the River Clyde catchment showed that P. leniusculus moves up to 195 m day -1 in lotic habitats, with flow and in-stream barriers identified as potential impediments to movement. In addition to studies of P. leniusculus, surveys were undertaken to assess the status of the two A. pallipes populations in Scotland. Results showed the occurrence of a low density and high density population at Loch Croispol and Whitemoss Reservoir respectively. These sites could serve as long-term “ex-situ” ark sites for A. pallipes but only if measures are taken to mitigate the current biosecurity threats of P. leniusculus and disease. Laboratory studies were used to assess the potential threat of P. leniusculus to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) redds and the globally endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera). The burial of Salmo salar eggs in redds appears to afford protection from predation by P. leniusculus but other life stages may be at greater risk. Crayfish attempted to predate upon M. margaritifera but were unsuccessful, probably due to the thick, protective shell of the adult mussels tested; predation of juvenile mussels is predicted to be more likely. Finally, the impact of a large-scale trapping programme on a population of P. leniusculus in a large lake was evaluated using mark and recapture methods at Loch Ken in southern Scotland. The programme significantly reduced the number of males in the population but its effect on females was complicated by seasonal variation in trappability and the bias of traps towards males. Depth was found to be a significant determinant of the catch of P. leniusculus. Animals were also found to make significant movements of 800 metres in two weeks. Crayfish occur in Loch Ken at densities which are high compared with other lakes and the loss of native biodiversity there is expected to be considerable. Continued research into invasive species such as P. leniusculus will provide valuable data to support management decisions and help tackle what is one of the top five drivers of human-induced global change.
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Paterson, Iain R. "Sectarianism in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322639.
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Buchanan, Elizabeth Anne. "Early maritime Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14224.
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This thesis provides a general view of maritime Scotland from c. 10.000BP, the retreat of the last glacier of the Loch Lomond Stadial, until 1018AD, the first formal agreement upon the River Tweed as Scotland's southern border following the Battle of Carham. The thesis shows the importance of water upon the physical landscape and man's dependence upon water, and his ability to travel on it, to facilitate survival, social development, development of trade and to aid immigration throughout prehistoric and early mediaeval Scotland. Emphasis is given to the geomorphology of Scotland and the development of water transport throughout the time period covered.
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Dinan, William. "Lobbying and devolution : policy and political communication in Scotland, 1997-2003." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26826.
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This thesis examines the growth of commercial lobbying in Scotland with the devolution of political power to Edinburgh in 1999. The study analyses the nascent public affairs community in Edinburgh in the lead up to, and during, the first session of the Scottish Parliament. This period covers the public debate at Holyrood over the registration and regulation of outside interests, and examines both the public and private political communication of those actors involved. The evidence base for this thesis is drawn from archival and documentary research, extended observational fieldwork in Edinburgh, and in depth interviews with informants from lobbying consultancies, corporations, voluntary sector organisations, elected representatives and public servants. A key focus of this study is the role of commercial and corporate lobbyists in Scottish public affairs and the Scottish public sphere. The analysis concludes that the Scottish Parliament's founding principles of openness, equality and accountability could be served through the regulation of lobbying.
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Kintner, Anna Helen. "Hydrozoan jellyfish and their interactions with Scottish salmon aquaculture." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16939.
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Medusozoan jellyfish (Classes Scyphozoa and Hydrozoa) have gained a degree of worldwide notoriety in the last fifteen years, particularly as anthropogenic influences such as climate change and overfishing push some ecosystems toward their advantage (Lynam et al. 2005, Purcell and Arai 2001, Purcell et al. 2007, Purcell 2012, Flynn et al. 2012, Dawson et al. 2014). Accordingly, both the lay and scientific media have paid a good deal of attention to jellyfish bloom phenomena and their impacts on human activities, but the bulk of this attention has been devoted to larger, visually obvious species of Class Scyphozoa. Only recently have their smaller cousins, the hydrozoans, come to be recognized as potentially problematic. This thesis examines population ecology of hydrozoan medusae (hydromedusae) and their implications for salmon aquaculture in Scotland. My review of available literature has found hydrozoans to be a recognized - though under- studied - problem for Scottish salmon (Chapter 1, Prospective monitoring of hydromedusa populations at salmon aquaculture facilities). Typically, hydrozoan populations at salmon farms have been discussed in the scientific literature only in the context of extremely dense visible blooms or in the wake of major mortality incidents. This retrospective, rather than prospective, approach has left a dearth of knowledge pertaining to hydromedusan interactions with farmed fish, with both fish welfare and industry economics vulnerable to future blooms. This thesis sought to build a basis for the goals of prediction, avoidance, and mitigation of harmful hydrozoan jellyfish blooms. First and foremost, this required the development of a prospective time-series dataset of hydromedusan occurrences at salmon farms (Chapter 2, Bacterial genera biodiversity in three medusozoan species in Shetland). To this end, four farms were recruited as participants across a three-year survey. Weekly plankton tow-based sampling at these sites identified which hydrozoan species could be expected to produce blooms, the seasonality of such blooms, and the pathological sequelae that could be expected in salmon after exposure to such blooms. Following one particularly dramatic bloom, a spike in gill pathologies in salmon was observed, followed by a spike in overall mortality and the eventual loss of up to £2.5 million value as the fish were humanely culled. This survey also demonstrated that hydromedusan blooms are usually spatially and temporally patchy, limiting the opportunities for geographically-encompassing predictive power. Instead, individual aquaculture facilities may require site-specific risk assessment and planning frameworks to monitor and cope with blooms. Potential methods for continued basic monitoring and a mitigation strategy based on minimizing contact between fish and high-density blooms are suggested. A second mitigation goal examined the theory that medusae may act as vectors for microbial pathogens, particularly Tenacibaculum maritimum (Ferguson et al. 2010, Delannoy et al. 2011; Chapter 3). Sampling methods designed to target T. maritimum were employed with the aim of determining its distribution and role as a symbiont in various life stages of medusozoan species. While T. maritimum itself was not observed, a number of other fish pathogens were found in close association with several species. This included Aeromonas salmonicida, known to cause furunculosis in aquaculture of both salmon and trout (Nomura et al. 1992). Further work is required to piece together the nature of these associations. Finally, Chapter 2 identified a particular hydrozoan genus, Obelia, as a likely significant contributor to blooms at salmon aquaculture sites. One of its species, O. geniculata, has a widely distributed and well-recognized benthic colonial life stage (called the hydroid stage) in Scottish nearshore sublittoral environments. In attempting to sample these hydroids from previously well-colonized sites in Shetland in late 2012, it became apparent that a severe local reduction in the benthic population was taking place. This allowed for the opportunity to study phylogeographic population structure - i.e. the boundaries of its gene pool(s) in Scottish waters and its potential for dispersal during one seasonal reproductive period - using a molecular study of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene (Chapter 4, Phylogeographic analysis of Obelia geniculata populations in the north of Scotland). In sampling immediately after the observed dieback, O. geniculata was found to follow a south-to-north pattern of genetic grouping, as well as a confirmed dieback. However, this pattern disappeared in samples collected after the population had recovered, probably due to the immigration of genetically novel individuals. This finding, in conjunction with the spatial-temporal patchiness found in the medusa bloom stage, suggests the importance of the larval stage as the primary stage for dispersal in the plankton. This study was also able to compare present population genetic data with a set of O. geniculata mtCOI data collected between 1998 and 2002. The combined data potentially show a high degree of mixing across a number of North Atlantic regions, including Icelandic and North American sites. Further investigation will be required to discern whether this pattern is temporally based (i.e. artefact of 15 years' elapsed time in opportunities for population mixing), or whether ecological, anthropogenic, or combined mechanisms are facilitating rapid transport of propagules to yield a well-mixed population. Further work in refining prediction and mitigation is still needed, as are effective veterinary interventions in the event of blooms. Continued study into the ecological patterns of colonization and dispersal may help to minimize exposure to blooms, by helping to assess site-based risks. This research forms the basis for such studies into hydrozoan interactions with salmon farms in Scotland, and how the industry might seek to minimize their impacts.
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Cartwright, Ben Helmut John. "Making the cloth that binds us : the role of spinning and weaving in crafting the communities of Viking Age Atlantic Scotland (AD c.600-1400)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708804.
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McLeod, Wilson. "Divided Gaels : Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland, 1200-1650 - perceptions and connections /." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://webex.lib.ed.ac.uk/abstracts/mcleod01.pdf.
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Brochard, Thomas. "The "civilizing" of the far north of Scotland, 1560-1640." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167946.
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This thesis explores the' civilizing' of the far north of Scotland - defined as the shires of Ross, Sutherland, and Caithness as well as the Outer Hebrides - between 1560 and 1640. 'Civilizing' was part of the broader concept of State formation and integration. The thesis begins with an examination of the context for the relationships between these outlying territories and communities and the institutional authorities in Edinburgh and London, which identifies the multipolarity of power in its location and sources and disentangles the dynamics of clan interaction. It unravels a 'civilizing' model which mixes top-down institutional pressures and discipline and bottom-up self-regulating forces by means of agency and intra- peripheral means and factors. The study then elaborates a typology of clan violence and qualifies the high level of violence traditionally ascribed to Gaeldom. The fourth section delineates legislative and executive measures to remove, control, or channel the excesses of clan violence and underlines the cooperation between the centre and the periphery. The next section analyses the relationships of the far-northern society with the Church. Through social discipline, the Church's 'civilizing' efforts complemented those of the State. A more complex and hybrid faith developed in the locality with an element of individual liberty and the hierarchization of priorities. The [mal chapter disentangles the cultural web of the far- northern image and identity of the so-called barbarians. Central institutions activated this template to justify their actions. The far northerners did so, mutatis mutandis, to adjust their business with the central authorities and to suit their local needs. Besides, cultural fragmentation shatters the view of the area as a monobloc. An active participation of the clan elite in cultural production and consumption uncovers their integration into the wider Scottish and British society and an engagement of a number of far northerners with 'civility'.
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Ross, Alasdair. "The province of Moray, c.1000-1230." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=191640.
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The subject of this study is the province of Moray between c.100 and 1230. The first chapter of this thesis examines the Registrum Episcopatus Moraviensis, and compares this collection against the manuscripts from which it was sourced. The collection of material in this register has been redated, and since Moray was in political upheaval around that time, there is now some doubt concerning the authenticity of the documents in this collection. The next two chapters of the thesis deal with the geography of Moray. Chapter 2 is concerned with defining the boundaries of Moray, both secular and ecclesiastic. It is argued that the 1312 extent of the earldom and regality of Moray may be much older than the fourteenth century, because it is based upon the boundaries of pre-parochial units of land. The thesis then discusses the internal structure of the province, units of secular lordship and parishes in chapter three. The final two chapters of this thesis then examines Moravian politics between c. 1000 and 1230. In medieval historiography covering this period Moravians have been assigned an awful reputation for violence, revolt and opposition to the kings of Alba. Chapter 4 begins by examining the theory that Moray and Alba were two different countries. In contrast to current opinion it is argued that Moray was not an independent kingdom during the eleventh century. The final chapter then examines a number of different topics, including the so-called ‘feudalisation’ of Moray after 1130, the MacWilliams, and the Moravian origin legend. Here, it is argued that the continued reputation of Moravians after 1130 as traitors and rebels is unjustified and that Moray was not ‘feudalised’ by incoming families after 1130. Taken together, these five chapters will present a radically new interpretation of the evidence, geography and history of Moray and Moravians between c.1000 and 1230.
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Brooks, Darren. "'Rankin's Scotland' : contemporary Scottish crime fiction and a narration of modern Scotland." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654719.
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Ian Rankin is one of the world's best-selling authors of crime fiction. His series of Inspector Rebus novels, set in contemporary Edinburgh, have been translated into thirty-six languages and have achieved wide critical and commercial success. Yet for all its global reach, the Rebus series collectively asserts a more nuanced story: that of modern Scotland. The first novel, Knots & Crosses, was published in 1987, in the years after the failed devolution referendum of 1979 and in a decade of industrial tumult. In 2007, as 01 John Rebus was compelled to retire from Lothian and Borders Police in Exit Music, Scotland was an altogether different nation: now devolved from Westminster, with a definitively Scottish Parliament situated in Edinburgh, and the Scottish National Party elected to government for the first time. During the twenty years in between, Rankin's sustained crime fiction initiated the nation's first true crime writing tradition. This study explores the ways in which this series of crime novels collectively asserts a distinctive narration of modern Scotland. To do so, the series is 'de-integrated' for close, chronological study: the thesis is organised into four key chapters, and is bookended by introductory and concluding sections. Chapter 1 studies Rankin's first four Rebus novels, alongside influential themes of Scottish crime and literary history. Chapter 2 explores, via his next three novels, Rankin's representation of Edinburgh, and the sub-genre of crime fiction his work initiated. This chapter also includes specific analysis of his breakthrough novel, Black & Blue. Chapter 3 looks at how a pivotal two-book sequence 'disrupted' Rankin's narrative project, in light of his series' commercial success and its changing imperatives. Scotland's renewed selfdetermination is also explored briefly in relation to its symbiotic relationship to the growth of Scottish crime fiction. Chapter 4 explores the series' 'valedictory' novels, as we follow Rebus through to his statutory retirement. Crucially, the introduction presents selected ideas on narrative of French philosopher Paul Ricoeur, which I apply to the collected Rebus series. Through these ideas, Rankin's 'epic' story of modern Scotland can be discerned. The (in)conclusion considers briefly the possible future - or not - for crime fiction in Scotland as the nation prepares for its 2014 referendum on full independence from the United Kingdom. It is anticipated that this study will contribute to the growing corpus of literature seeking to understand the development of crime fiction in Scotland, and lan Rankin's work in particular. It is hoped - by its end - that it will assist in Rankin's selfconfessed interpretation of his Inspector Rebus series as a serious means of understanding contemporary Scotland.
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Tees, Eunice A. "South-west Scotland in Roman times : settlement and communications." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63871.
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Marttila, Juha M. "The Scandinavian settlement of Northern Shetland Northmavine, Yell, Unst, and Fetlar /." Thesis, Thesis restricted. Connect to e-thesis to view abstract. Move to record for print version, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/711/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Departments of Archaeology and History, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Krasniuk, S. "Educational traditions of Scotland." Thesis, КНУТД, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6586.
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McGill, Martha Macinnes. "Ghosts in Enlightenment Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30981.
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This thesis analyses perceptions of ghosts in Scotland, with particular focus on the period from 1685 to c. 1830. According to traditional wisdom, this was a time when society was becoming progressively more rational, with magical beliefs melting away under the glare of Enlightenment scholarship. However, this thesis argues that ghosts actually rose to a new cultural prominence in this period, to the extent that Scotland came to be characterised as a haunted nation. The first chapter provides context, sketching attitudes towards ghosts from the Middle Ages to the late seventeenth century. It shows how ghosts were sidelined because of their questionable theological status, especially after the Reformation. The second chapter explores late seventeenth- and eighteenth-century attempts to reincorporate ghosts into Protestant society by converting them into religious propagandists. This endeavour was not only theologically problematic, but also came to be criticised on scientific grounds. Chapter three traces the evolution of sceptical and satirical depictions of ghosts, as well as discussing the debates that sprang up in the late eighteenth century as ghosts increasingly became an interesting object of enquiry. Under the pens of physicians and philosophers a medicalised vision of the ghost became widely influential. Literary works drew upon this interpretation, but also used gothic motifs to re-invest ghosts with horror. The fourth chapter discusses this theme, before exploring how romantic literature and folklore popularised a picturesque ghost that became entangled with conceptions of national identity. Finally, chapter five analyses the place of ghosts within popular culture. It uses ballads, cheap print and folklorists’ accounts to assess how and why ghosts remained important to the ordinary Scottish folk. The thesis as a whole shows how the ghost’s identity splintered in response to changing cultural contexts, allowing ghosts to take on new roles in Scottish society. This in turn reflects on broader questions of religious change, interactions between popular and elite culture, the formation of national identity and the legacy of the Enlightenment.
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Karayucel, Sedat. "Influence of environmental factors on spat collection and mussel (Mytilus edulis) culture in raft systems in two Scottish sea lochs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2205.
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Growth, mortality, production, spat collection, seasonal cycles of condition index, biochemical composition, carrying capacity of commercial raft culture systems and population genetic characteristics of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) were studied at different sites in Loch Etive and Loch Kishorn on the west coast of Scotland between May 1993 and May 1995. The main objective of the study was to evaluate current suspended mussel culture production in raft systems and to obtain basic information on the biology and the genetic structure of the two mussel populations in the lochs. There were some water quality differences between the sites in relation to seston, salinity and transparency but not to temperature, particulate organic matter and chlorophylla. When food is available (as particulate organic matter and chlorophyll-a), there was a clear seasonal cycle in mussel somatic growth and shell growth. Mussel growth was relatively high from mid-spring until late autumn, but very slow during the rest of the year. The spring-summer period of rapid shell length and somatic growth coincided with relatively optimum environmental conditions and positive relationships were indicated between growth rates, temperature and salinity, indicating the limiting effect of these two primary factors on growth from late-autumn to mid-spring when there is also a lack of available food. Mussel growth was higher at 2m depth on the raft-rope systems, but in lantern nets experimental growth did not show differences between depths. Growth was found to be similar in the lantern nets and on culture ropes in the two lochs in the first year of experiments (from May 1993 to May 1994). Overall, mean length increments were 31.01mm in Loch Etive and 28.75mm in Loch Kishorn over a 15 month period. The mussels reached marketable size (>50mm) in two years from the known time of spat settlement. A cross-transplantation experiment showed that site rather than stock is the main factor explaining differences in mussel growth in Loch Etive and Loch Kishorn. The position of the mussels within a raft has a significant effect on their growth; mussels at the inflow of a raft have a better growth than those near the outflow (p<0.05) due to greater availability of food. Mean mussel biomass was higher in Loch Kishorn while production was higher in Loch Etive, but there were seasonal and monthly fluctuations in both biomass and production at both sites. Biochemical composition and energy content were similar in both sites, while mussel meat yield and condition indices were significantly higher in Loch Kishom than Loch Etive. Meat content, condition index and carbohydrate values were high during the summer and low from autumn to spring, reaching minimum values in March and April at the time of spawning. Spat settlement occurred in June-July in Loch Etive and June-December in Loch Kishorn. Sea squirt, starfish and eider duck are problems effecting spat collection at the Loch Kishorn site, whereas spat collection in Loch Etive is unaffected by these pests/predators. The carrying capacities for cultured mussels were found to be about 24 metric tons per raft for Loch Etive and 38 metric tons per raft for Loch Kishorn using a particulate organic matter based model; these are reasonable estimates in comparison to the known mussel production levels reported by producers. However, a seston-based model gave an overestimate of carrying capacity for both sites. Cross-transplantation of mussels, electrophoresis and shell morphological measurements showed significant differences between the Loch Etive and Loch Kishorn mussel populations. Mortality rates were higher in transplanted mussels than in the native mussels (p<0.001).
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Okumus, Ibrahim. "Evaluation of suspended mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) culture and integrated experimental mariculture with salmon in Scottish sea lochs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21838.
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Growth. mortality. production. physiology and seasonal cycles of condition index and proximate biochemical composition of experimental populations of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) were studied at different sites in Loch Etive and Loch Leven on the West coast of Scotland between May 1990 and September 1992. The main objective of the study was to evaluate current suspended mussel culture practices and to establish the basis for their possible integrated cultivation with salmon cage fanning. In addition. a preliminary investigation on employment of the . Charm IT' system as a rapid method for detecting residues of drugs used for treating cultured salmon in the tissues of mussels was carried out. There were some differences between sites in salinity, seston and particulate organic matter, but not in chlorophyll-a. Food availability (as particulate organic matter and chlorophyll-a) showed a clear seasonal cycle and in consequence growth of mussels were relatively rapid from late-spring until mid-autumn (g 6 months) and very slow or absent during the rest of the year. This period of rapid length and tissue growth coincided with relatively optimum environmental conditions and there were apparent positive relationships between monthly growth rates and temperature and chlorophyll-a values, indicating the limiting effect of these two primary factors on growth during autumn-winter and even in early spring. Almost all growth parameters examined were showed significant differences between the lochs. Growth performance of both native and transplanted mussels in Loch Leven was quite poor. Overall annual length increments were 25.1-25.9 mm at sites in Loch Etive and Dunstaffnage Bay, but 20.1-22.8 mm in Loch Leven. A crosstransplantation experiment showed that site rather than stock is the main reason for differences in growth parameters between Lochs Etive and Leven. These observed growth differences between sites and stocks were also confirmed by physiological measurements and estimated growth potential or scope for growth. Growth of mussels at salmon farms was faster than at neighbouring mussel farms during two annual experiments, but only meat weight at one salmon farm during experiment I, and length and live weight at the salmon farm in Loch Etive as well as all growth parameters at the salmon fann in Loch Leven during experiment II were significantly greater (}>sO.05). These differences were most likely a result of high particulate organic matter levels at salmon fanns. Similar to growth, biomass and production, the condition index and biochemical composition of mussels showed a clear seasonal cycle. Meat content, condition index and glycogen values were high during summer, started to decline in late autumn and reached minimum values in April before showing maximum increases in May. This reflects the typical storage and reproductive cycle of mussels in Northern Europe: accumulation of reserves during summer and their utilization during winter and early spring as energy resources for metabolism and reproduction. This cycle clearly showed that the main spawning of mussels on the West coast of Scotland occurred during March-May, and primary spat settlement from June to August. Heavy losses occurred from French socks, causing substantial amounts of eliminated biomass during experiment I, but when these fall outs were eliminated during experiment II by using lantern nets, it was clear that natural mortality rates were quite low and similar at all sites. Apart from growth characteristics and physiological responses, there were persistent morphological differences between the Loch Etive and Loch Leven populations. Cross-transplantation and physiological measurements after various acclimatization periods showed that, while morphological differences might be related to genetic origin, all other differences between the two popUlations are governed by environmental factors. The practical implications of these findings for developing suspended mussel culture on the West coast of Scotland and the possibility of a simple integrated salmon-mussel fanning system, which could be effective in controlling potential eutrophication from intensive salmon cage fanning and the removing large amounts of organic matter by mussels leading alterations in ecosystem, are discussed. A preliminary study with the Chann II Test has showed that the system is not so appropriate method as expected for screening mussel tissue sampled straight from the field, since mussel tissues require purification due to interference from bacteria or microbial detritus, before screening.
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Booton, Harold. "Burgesses and landed men in North-East Scotland in the later Middle Ages a study in social interaction /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59676.
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Wells, Vaughan T. "The origins of covenanting thought and resistance : c.1580-1638." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1828.
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Until quite recently it has been argued that the Scottish Reformation of 1560 removed the trappings of Catholicism from the kirk, but retained the old machinery of ecclesiastical government. Since the 1970s, however, this notion has been placed under increasing pressure by an alternative interpretation which suggests the Reformation rejected episcopal government in favour of a conciliar form of kirk polity. This study, by adopting as its basis the more recent interpretation of the Reformation noted above, proposes the view that the genesis of the presbyterian polity of c. 1580 lies in the thought and intent of the reformers of 1560. The prevalent historiographical view that the hybrid polity of 'bishop-in-presbytery (established in 1610) represented a popular restoration - rather than a stoutly resisted introduction - of an erastian episcopate is therefore challenged. In particular, resistance to the new regime emanated from the lairds, merchants and professional classes of Scottish society, and thus the role of this 'middling group in supporting presbyterianism features prominently in this work. The role of women in the events of the period is likewise discussed, as historiography (in Scotland at least) has neglected their important contribution to the maintenance of resistance during these key years. The thought and actions of two prominent Scottish presbyterian exiles - Alexander Leighton and Robert Durie - worried the king on his English doorstep, and the contribution which these two men made to covenanting thought and resistance, particularly in the 1620s and 1630s, is also examined. Archibald Johnston of Wariston played a major role in the revolution of 1637, and the motivations which led him to become the architect of revolution in 1637 are examined. The overall theme of the thesis is one of continuity of thought and resistance, and thus the thesis looks finally in detail at the nature and process of presbyterian protest and petition from c. 1580 to 1637.
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Langley, Christopher R. "Times of trouble and deliverance : worship in the Kirk of Scotland, 1645-1658." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186971.
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The thesis is the first full scale analysis of the hundreds of untapped parochial sources created by the Kirk of Scotland during the mid-seventeenth century. By taking a thirteen-year period of study, these documents allow a significant assessment of how parishes balanced the practice of Reformed religion on a day-to-day basis, with the emerging backdrop of war and invasion. This takes our historical appreciation of the Kirk away from high-level politics and into the heart of communities. The findings of this thesis illustrate the depth of activity and flexibility in Scottish parish life during the mid-seventeenth century, showing how the Presbyterian Kirk survived the internal wars and foreign invasions of the mid-seventeenth century. As Kirk leaders become increasingly concerned with the sins of political disaffection and with wars affecting parishes, ministers and sessions entered into an active dialogue with local communities seeking ecclesiastical services as normal. Such conclusions display the Kirk as a living and evolving entity, rather than a monolithic body. This negotiation ensured that Reformed services continued at the centre of communal life and that the Kirk emerged from the Civil Wars into a restored monarchy still holding its position as the national church in Scotland. The thesis also illustrates that mid-seventeenth-century Scotland did not experience a distinct ‘second reformation’, but that reforming processes were on going. This defines the mid-seventeenth century as less of a modernising moment, than a period that constantly looked into the past. The desires of Kirk leaders were couched in a much older terminology, sharing the concerns of their Reformed forebears. While the context of the National Covenant altered the Kirk’s national standing, it continued to operate in the same, negotiated, manner it had since the mid-sixteenth century.
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Bulmer, W. Elliot. "A free Scotland? : an analysis of the SNP's 2002 draft Constitution for Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3791/.
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In 2002, the Scottish National Party (SNP) published a draft Constitution for Scotland. Aside from its potential practical importance in the event of Scotland becoming independent, this draft Constitution is also of academic interest as an example of a written Constitution that is derived from, but which critiques and seeks to reform, the ‘Westminster’ model of democracy. This thesis subjects the SNP’s draft Constitution, for the first time, to a thorough, independent and scholarly review. It addresses the central question of whether the draft Constitution, if adopted, would be a viable and acceptable foundation for the constitutional order of a democratic Scottish State. Using a historical institutionalist approach, the thesis identifies the criteria of a viable and acceptable Constitution by reference to Scotland’s historical trajectory, the evolving global norms of constitutional democracy, and the circumstantial conditions of Scotland today. It then conducts a detailed examination of the draft Constitution, to assess how well the text embodies these criteria. The thesis finds that the SNP’s draft Constitution is viable and acceptable in its overall structure and principles, but that it is diminished by poor constitutional design and by an avoidable lack of attention to procedural detail.
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Burke, Andrew Douglas Pinkerton. "Patterns in archaelogical monument loss in East Central Scotland since 1850." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2587.
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The Monuments at Risk Survey 1995 (MARS) outlined rates and causes of identified monument loss in England, showing that 16% of recorded monuments had been completely destroyed by 1995, and that 95% of surviving monuments in England had suffered partial destruction. Hitherto, no equivalent research has been undertaken in Scotland. Using a 17% random stratified sample of 779 field monuments surviving in 1850 within a study area encompassing much of the local authority areas of Perth and Kinross, Fife and Angus, the present research has analysed the distribution and quantified loss of archaeological monuments since 1850 in relation to a number of variables including land use, Land Capability for Agriculture, elevation, local authority area, monument period and material construction. Results show that monument distribution within the study area varies most noticeably according to land use and elevation. The highest densities of extant monuments are found in semi-natural woodland (17.2 extant sample monuments per 100km2) and non-intensive land uses such as unimproved grazing and moorland (13.8 extant sample monuments per 100km2). The lowest density of extant monuments is found in arable and improved pasture (4.5 extant sample monuments per 100km2), although this is offset by a recorded density of 11.5 cropmark sample monuments per 100km2. By elevation, monument densities are highest below 100m OD (24.4 monuments per 100km2) and between 250m OD and 400m OD (21 monuments per 100 km2)with a pronounced paucity of recorded monuments between 100m OD and 200m OD, particularly on improved and arable land. For each sample monument, a condition history has been constructed through a desk-based study using data from the National Monuments Record of Scotland. This desk-based study has recorded the greatest causes of monument loss since 1850 as unknown causes (28% of loss), archaeological excavation (24% of loss), farming (15% of loss) and development (11% of loss). The monument condition histories created through the desk-based study have then been augmented and calibrated for a subsample of 258 monuments by means of an accuracy assessment, using information from vertical and oblique aerial photographs, survey reports from Historic Scotland Monument Wardens and a programme of field survey. Using these additional data sources, the accuracy assessment has identified the largest causes of monument loss within the study area since 1850 as forestry (31% of loss), farming (28% of loss) and development (12% of loss). Analysis shows that among monuments extant in 1850, a minimum of 38% have been reduced in extent, with at least 5% destroyed. Loss has been greatest among monuments found in arable and improved land (39% reduced, 27% destroyed), forestry (79% reduced, 9% destroyed) and developed land (63% reduced, 27% destroyed), and lowest among monuments found in permanent pasture (91% undamaged), semi-natural woodland (75% undamaged) and rough grazing and moorland (85% undamaged). Although the use of a desk-based study and accuracy assessment has proved successful in identifying trends in the loss of visible monuments, it has been necessary to employ alternative methods by which to assess damage at buried monuments represented by cropmarks. To this end, a programme of excavation, topographic survey and soil depth recording has been undertaken at five locations in Perth and Kinross. Analysis of the results from this programme of excavation and survey has identified statistically significant relationships between land surface curvature and topsoil depth at three of the five sites examined, enabling the mapping at site scale of areas which are likely to have been subject to greatest agricultural damage. Extrapolating from these site-specific maps, it has been possible to map probable damage and risk to cropmark monuments at a regional scale. Although the validity of this regional scale mapping has been limited by the 25m cell size of the digital terrain model on which it has been based, the potential of such a technique in enabling a rapid preliminary assessment of damage and risk to cropmark monuments has been demonstrated.
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Whytock, Jack. "The history and development of Scottish theological education and training, Kirk and Secession (c.1560-c.1850)." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683179.
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Parnell, Alan Kenneth. "Modelling climate change and socio-economic impacts within three regions of Scotland, 1970-2100." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2135.
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There is a consensus of scientific thought that humana ctivities are altering the gaseous composition of the atmosphere and leading to global climate change. This thesis addresses the question of how this global climate change will manifest itself at the regional level. In particular, a dynamic simulation model integrating both climate change and climatically sensitives ocio-economic activities will be developed. This model will explore the regional variations in both climate change and socio-economic activity. Three Local Authorities in Scotland were chosen for this study, Argyll on the west coast, Stirling inland and Fife on the east coast. This provides a west-east transect across central Scotland. Meteorological data, covering the period 1970-1998, was collected from twelve sites spread across these regions. These data were analysed in order to provide a climatic profile of each of the regions, and to identify any evidence of climate change in the form of trends in the data. Data relating to socio-economic factors was taken from a variety of sources. Mere possible this covered the same period in time as the climate data. Both sets of data were examined to determine evidence of climate sensitivity in the socioeconomic data using suitable statistical techniques. A simple, yet thermodynamically sound, dynamic climate model was developed and calibrated for each region using the data from the previous analysis. This model allowed increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (C02) to directly affect the mean surface temperature of the three regions. Precipitation changes from the UKCIP02 regional climate model were included This allowed seasonal temperature and precipitation totals to be simulated, on a regional basis, under different climate change scenarios. Simulations, calibrated on datafrom 1970-1998, were run forward to 2100. The climate results were similar to the outputfrom the UKCIP02 model. Six sectors of a socio-economic model were constructed population, employment, land use, water resources, housing and emissions. Where statistically significant relationships, between climatic and the local socio-economic variables were found, these were included in the model. Simulations for the period 1970-2100, were run under four different climate change scenarios, and that of constant climate, in order to assessth eir impact on the six sectors at the regional scale. The results indicate considerable regional variations in the impacts both of climate change and the associated climatically sensitive activities. Argyll in the west, for example, could benefit from increased tourism and the potential for agricultural expansion. If in-migration is allowed to offset labour shortages, then the west sees a reversal of the population decline of previous decades. Climate change has little impact on the economy of the inland and eastern regions. However, a problem does emerge with water resources in the east. Summer droughts are seen to increase in frequency, suggesting that both the costs and benefits of climate change will be unevenly distributed. The implications of these results for the management of change are then discussed along with future research needs.
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McGrail, M. Justin (Michael Justin). "The language of authority : the expression of status in the Scottish medieval castle." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20142.
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The visual appearances of twelfth and thirteenth century Scottish castles are interpreted through an iconographic and iconological analysis. in examining the symbolic possibilities evidenced in the castles's visual programs, an architectural language of authority, "castle style," is identified. The connections of this architectural language to twelfth and thirteenth century "new men" is considered through a review of historical and architectural evidence. Socio-political ambition and the representation of social stature are recognizable in "castle style."
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Dickson, Neil T. R. "The history of the Open Brethren in Scotland 1838-1999." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1949.
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The thesis is a history of the Open Brethren in Scotland. Its aim is to analyse the development of the movement incorporating its social history. A sequence of chapters traces the expansion and contraction of the movement and its internal development from its inception in 1838 until 1999. After an introductory chapter in which the aims and methods of the work will be set out, Chapter 2 examines the largely Bowesite movement of the 1840s and 1850s. Chapter 3 analyses the crucial decade which followed the 1859 Revival. In these chapters external growth and internal development are studied in conjunction with each other. The period of greatest increase for the movement was the late Victorian period and Chapter 4 analyses expansion until the outbreak of World War I. The Brethren were in their most developed form in the inter-war period of the twentieth century and this phase had an after-life until the mid-1960s. Chapter 6 examines patterns of growth and decline from 1914 until 1965 with, in addition, an investigation of the ethos of the movement when it was in its mature form. Complementary to Chapters 4 and 6 are Chapters 5 and 7 in which the internal development of the movement is examined for the respective periods. The classic era of the Brethren might be said to have ceased in the mid-1960s. Chapter 8 is devoted to an investigation of the spirituality of the movement from the 1830s until that decade and Chapter 9 to the relationship of the Brethren to culture and society for the same period. Chapter 10 examines the contemporary movement from the mid-1960s, analysing internal development and changes in membership size, spirituality, and attitudes to culture and society. The conclusion, Chapter 11, draws together the central themes of the thesis and presents some assessment.
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Grossart, Fiona A. "New Right Conservatism and the Scottish leisure profession : a critical analysis 1979-97." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3285.
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The nature of the leisure profession and the leisure professional has been recharacterised by a series of government policies first implemented by the Conservative government during the period 1979-97. Whilst the re-characterisation has been acknowledged by leisure professional bodies and also in an emerging body of literature, no systematic analysis of this process has been undertaken in the Scottish context. This thesis addresses this through an ideological analysis of New Right Conservatism and the impact of New Right policies in Scotland and on the Scottish Leisure profession. Scottish political and cultural traditions together with the notion of credentialism provide original dimensions to this critical analysis. Using a multimethodological research approach, this thesis examines the link between New Right government policies and the Scottish leisure profession. It establishes whether or not the process of professionalisation is a coherent one that will underpin a collective legitimacy for the Scottish leisure profession. It is concluded that the New Right undermined the professionalisation of leisure management in Scotland. Leisure management has been restructured and generalised and the resulting professional anticollectivism within the industry has left the standing of the profession in doubt. This original theoretically and empirically informed study of the leisure profession in Scotland makes a small contribution to the growing body of work on professionalism and professionalisation.
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Thomas, Sarah Elizabeth. "From Rome to 'the ends of the habitable world' the provision of clergy and church buildings in the Hebrides, circa 1266 to circa 1472 /." Thesis restricted. Connect to e-thesis to view abstract. Move to record for print version, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/684/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Departments of Archaeology and History, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Wishart, Lucy J. "A resourceful aspiration : understanding the governmentality of Zero Waste in Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11946.
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This thesis is about Zero Waste governance in Scotland. The thesis has three aims: empirically, it seeks to develop an understanding of the Scottish Zero Waste policy; theoretically, it aims to critically assess this policy in relation to Governmentality for Sustainable Development; and methodologically, it investigates the use of governmentality as an analytical framework through which to understand governance of complex sustainability issues. The thesis argues that existing studies of Zero Waste have limited engagement with social theories. It is suggested that governmentality offers a potential theoretical framing through which to better understand Zero Waste governance. The thesis develops a process to critically evaluate Zero Waste governmentalities in comparison with a prescriptive Governmentality for Sustainable Development. Using a Sustainability Science approach, the thesis adopts a pluralist methodology in which multiple perspectives are valued in both data collection and analysis. Using a framework developed from empirical data and academic studies, data from expert interviews and policy documents is used to construct an understanding of Zero Waste policy in Scotland. The thesis found that Zero Waste in Scottish policy is understood as a tangible goal and a philosophy of resource use. Innovative governance techniques to promote Zero Waste are identified within policy. It is argued that the Zero Waste policy in Scotland presents a new form of governmentality. It is suggested that this governmentality has the potential to align with Governmentality for Sustainable Development. However, it is found that the strong transdisciplinarity envisaged as part of Governmentality for Sustainable Development is lacking in Zero Waste governance. This thesis considers the role of post-normal techniques in Zero Waste and evaluates and promotes the use of governmentality as a way to develop the strong transdisciplinarity missing from the Zero Waste policy in Scotland.
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German, Kieran. "Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire & Jacobitism in the North-East of Scotland, 1688-1750." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167954.
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In the Jacobite period, the north-east was a geographically and culturally distinct region of Lowland Scotland. It had a well-functioning economy, two universities and a strong Episcopalian heritage. It had the means to raise men and money for the Jacobite cause and was significantly involved in the risings of 1715 and 1745. It was a major Jacobite centre. In a historiographic context traditionally concerned with Highland militarism and the politics of the Stuart courts of St. Germain and Rome, an analysis of Lowland Jacobitism provides an excellent case-study of the development of Jacobitism in Scotland from 1688-1750. This thesis focuses on locally-produced research material, chiefly: burgh council records; records produced by provisional Jacobite administrations; church records; and correspondence of churchmen, laymen, merchants and elites. This has been augmented by research of statepapers and government correspondence, contemporary pamphlets and literature. Jacobitism had multiple, sometimes conflicting, stimuli. The Jacobite individual was often dichotomous, where the demands of Jacobite principle and intent had to run in tandem with prospering within an established community in post-Revolution Britain. The Jacobite experience was by no means straight-forward. The dynamic between Jacobitism, Scots Episcopalianism and regional life (including politics, mercantilism, education and culture) is a central concern of this thesis. This thesis describes and analyses the development of Jacobitism and Scots Episcopacy in the north-east of Scotland, with particular emphasis on the towns of Aberdeen. It assesses the contribution the region made to intellectual, cultural and martial Jacobitism. It re-evaluates the scale and role of Jacobitism in the north-east and, in turn, the development of the Jacobite cause over the course of six decades.
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Macpherson, Colin John. "Electric road vehicles for island communities : a study of the potential for introduction in the Scottish islands." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3271.
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The advent of high-performance, traffic-compatible, electric road vehicles (EVs) has brought with it an increasing range of uses and this study is concerned with evaluating the suitability of EVs for a hitherto unresearched application for this emerging technology, namely the island communities of Lewis and Harris. The stimulus for the renewed research and development of EVs has resulted largely from concerns about future energy supply, particularly of oil, and environmental conditions. An assessment of the state-of-the-art of EV technology and of traction battery systems in particular is presented. A strategy for development, commercialisation and diffusion is outlined which recognises the nature of the technology and its likely diffusion process. Market segments, such as island communities, which are suitable for early introduction must be identified. The islands of Scotland were chosen for investigation because of their current patterns of transport. The assessment of potential for EV introduction focuses on the requirements of a personal means of transport in terms of factors such as operating performance, utility, reliability, ability to refuel adequately, safety of operation and disposal, economic advantage and acceptability to motorists. Various relationships are established between the state of EV technology and the potential for introduction in the islands. A practical methodology for assessment which adopts a holistic approach is constructed. This is designed to be generally applicable to other similar EV assessments. The methodology employs a series of purpose-built computer simulation models and data collection techniques in order to model real life situations and systems as closely as possible, facilitating the evaluation of market potential and identification of barriers to EV introduction in the islands.
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Kiriakidis, Stavros Pavlou. "Psychosocial correlates of juvenile delinquency." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1876.
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The present thesis is a detailed and in depth examination of the reasons of re-offending, perceived by young offenders in custody, drawn from the largest Young Offenders' Institution in Scotland. Mainly materialistic and affective reasons were provided, in line with previous research, yet the issue of drugs abuse emerged as salient. The thesis focused on the immediate and more proximally related factors of re-offending, predicting young offenders' decisions to re-offend in the future. One hundred and fifty two young offenders were randomly selected and participated in a structured interview. The interview assessed several background characteristics, their perceptions of the costs and benefits of their future offending, their perceived normative influences in their future offending and their perceptions of desisting from future offending by controlling several criminogenic factors in the future. In addition, the participants completed two self-reported measures: the Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI)- and the Moral Disengagement Scale(MDS). Intentions of re-offending in the future were predicted by perceived control and attitudes towards future offending. Background factors, related and predictive of recidivism and chronic offending, failed to contribute to the prediction of variation of intentions, over and above the contribution of perceptions of control and attitudes of re-offending. The results suggest that attitudes towards offending and perceptions of control over offending provide a parsimonious framework of assessing and predicting young offenders' intentions of reoffending in the future. Moreover, the detailed examination of the control and behavioural beliefs underlying the two constructs, perceived control to desist from offending and attitudes towards offending, can guide to the specific needs that are perceived as criminogenic by the young offenders and potentially inform the content and the direction of any intervention programs within the correctional settings of young offenders aiming at reducing levels of recidivism. Two dimensions of child-rearing practices, parental care and protection, were examined in relation to normative data, background characteristics and cognitive representations of future offending, and it was found that the relation between perceptions of parenting and intentions of re-offending were mediated by attitudes towards offending in the future. In addition, the associations of moral disengagement, as a failure of self-regulation of morality with past recidivism rates and age of initiation of offending were examined, and were found, contrary to expectations, mainly unrelated. However, the overall score of Moral Disengagement of the young offenders was significantly higher in comparison to normative data. The results suggest that Moral Disengagement could be a factor differentiating young people involved in criminal activity and processed by the legal system from young people who are not involved in criminal activity and/or are unaffected by official monitoring. Moral Disengagement, however, might not be related with frequency of offending within groups of young people in the correctional institutions. Moral disengagement was also found mainly unrelated with background characteristics of the young offenders, suggesting that self-regulation of morality is relatively independent from influences from the social environment. Finally, the relations of Moral Disengagement and cognitive representations of offending in the future were discussed in terms of self-regulation of hierarchically organised feedback loops.
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Bardgett, Frank Denton. "Faith, families and factions : the Scottish Reformation in Angus and the Mearns." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8881.
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It is increasingly recognised that the Scottish Reformation was a diverse movement. Different regions of the country displayed a considerable variety of responses to protestantism. The gentlemen of Angus and the Mearns were credited by John Knox with playing a leading role in the Reformation crisis of 1559-60; and their shires, situated on Scotland's east coast, had been exposed to infiltration by protestant doctrines and literature from an early period. This thesis examines the origins of the Reformation in Angus and the Mearns from c.1530; and traces the implementation of reformed ideals from 1560 to c.1585. Initial research concentrated on establishing the names, life-spans and successions of the significant lairds and magnates, and also for both pre- and post-Reformation clergy from c.1530 to 1590. The factual material thus discovered is presented as appendices by which it is possible to trace the personal careers of individuals, the disposition of specific benefices, and the service and administration of parishes by reformed clergy. The apparent paradox of a pre-1560 protestant heartland becoming by the 1580s part of "Scotland's conservative north" is examined and found to be linked with the leading role of lairds in establishing and maintaining the new church. Throughout the thesis a particular focus of interest is the interrelationship between personal faith and practical politics in a largely kin-based society. Emphasis is placed on the element of choice available to lairds of Angus and the Mearns in determining the value of the competing claims- whether spiritual, personal or political - upon their loyalty. By examining the impact of ecclesiastical developments on the local factions of the shires, it is concluded that a distinction must be drawn between the enthusiastic protestantism of that circle of Mearns' lairds involved with John Erskine of Dun, and the less spiritually-committed acceptance of the Reform in mid- and southern Angus. In thus attempting an integrated political and religious study, the general conceptual framework developed by sociologists of religion has been born in mind; interaction of culture and doctrine is, where possible, demonstrated. It is demonstrated that, at a parochial level, the new kirk harmonised with the wider Scottish culture - and, indeed, was integrative of its host society. Particular attention has been paid to various private family muniments relating to the area. Much use was made of the Crawford papers at the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, by which an important division separating the Lindsays of Edzell from the Lindsay earls of Crawford has been established. Other important sources have been the few surviving literary works, examined for evidence of their underlying theological affinities, and the national Register of assignation and modification of stipends by which the careers of ministers and readers are traced.
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McGilvary, George Kirk. "East India patronage and the political management of Scotland 1720-1774." Thesis, n.p, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Wilson, Graeme. "Playing with things." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=232438.
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This thesis addresses the nature of play, its relationships with the world, and the relationships between people and objects. The study is exploratory; rather than confining itself too strictly to a particular time or place it has followed the evidence as new areas of interest have unfolded. Throughout all this it has remained grounded in an interest in the archaeology of the Scottish Northern Isles, and in a desire to better understand the archaeological evidence for play from an anthropological viewpoint. It begins with an account of ethnographic fieldwork among chess players (in Edinburgh and Orkney) and players of euchre (a card game played on the Orcadian island of Westray) and moves on to consider the findings in the light of archaeological sources. As the study progresses several key themes emerge. The work carried out amongst chess and card players leads towards a more cognitive appreciation of these activities: how can the relationship between player and pieces be understood? It becomes clear that players use their pieces as proxy forms for their own actions or intentions: can the pieces, then, be said to possess agency, or is some other factor at play? Also, do the movements of chess pieces and cards represent a simple form of notation, or is this a more active engagement, one where person and thing are involved in something more complex? It is suggested here that these relationships can best be understood as an example of 'active externalism', where cognition is not contained but distributed in the immediate environment. Consideration of the role of gaming pieces leads towards an examination of the ways in which the manipulation of objects during play brings new and unexpected discoveries to the participants. The discussion addresses this theme in terms of bricolage and considers the placement of things singly and in sets. Turning then to a review of the archaeology, a major impediment is immediately encountered, which lies in the difficulty Turning then to a review of the archaeology, a major impediment is immediately encountered, which lies in the difficulty of identifying play in the archaeological record prior to a certain point in time. This initially leads to a focus on the archaeology of the first millennium AD before returning to a reconsideration of the nature of the evidence, and of our expectations of where play should be found. A consideration of ritual, for example, brings the role of play into sharp focus and points out how these divisions are not so clear cut. This thesis is a critical appraisal of the archaeological evidence for play and a reappraisal of the relationship between play — an activity which is most often understood as 'set apart' — and everyday life; leading to the conclusion that play is not in fact so separate. The focus on archaeology and game playing gives this thesis an object-centred orientation, together with a certain time-depth, however the discussion demonstrates how the findings are also reflexive: whether in the chess club or on the archaeological site, it also finds play-like or ludic ways of dealing with the world in everyday life.
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Dwyer, John. "Virtuous discourse : sensibility and community in late eighteenth-century Scotland." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25786.
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This study explores the moral characteristics of late eighteenth-century Scottish culture in order to ascertain both its specific nature and its contribution to modern consciousness. It argues that, while the language of moral discourse in that socio-economic environment remained in large part traditional, containing aspects from both neo-Stoicism and classical humanism, it also incorporated and helped to develop an explicitly modern conceptual network. The language of sensibility as discussed by Adam Smith and adapted by practical Scottish moralists, played a key role in the Scottish assessment of appropriate ethical behaviour In a complex society.
The contribution of enlightened Scottish moralists to the language and literature of sensibility has been virtually overlooked, with a corresponding impoverishment of our understanding of some of the most important eighteenth-century social and cultural developments. Both literary scholars and social historians have made the mistake of equating eighteenth century sensibility with the growth of individualism and romanticism. The Scottish contribution to sensibility cannot be appreciated in such terms, but needs to be examined in relation to the stress that its practitioners placed upon man's social nature and the integrity of the moral community.
Scottish moralists believed that their traditional ethical community was threatened by the increased selfishness, disparateness, and mobility of an imperial and commercial British society. They turned to the cultivation of the moral sentiments as a primary mechanism for moral preservation and regeneration in a cold and indifferent modern world. What is more their discussion of this cultivation related in significant ways to the development of new perspectives on adolescence, private and domestic life, the concept of the feminine and the literary form of the novel.
Scottish moralists made a contribution to sentimental discourse which has been almost completely overlooked. Henry Mackenzie, Hugh Blair and James Fordyce were among the most popular authors of the century and their discussion of the family, the community, education, the young and the conjugal relationship was not only influential per se but also reflected a particularly Scottish moral discourse which stressed the concept of sociability and evidenced concern about the survival of the moral community in a modern society. To the extent that literary scholars and historians have ignored or misread their works, they have obscured rather than enlightened eighteenth-century culture and its relationship with the social base.Arts, Faculty of
History, Department of
Graduate
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Clark, Andrew J. "Wish you were here? : experiences of moving through stigmatised neighbourhoods in urban Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7087.
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This thesis is about the use of the term social exclusion in contemporary Scotland and how it has given rise to the idea of 'excluded spaces' in political and academic commentaries on deprived neighbourhoods. It argues that, despite criticism, the term offers a useful way of re-assessing disadvantaged places, such that space (for example, in the guise of socio-spatial segregation) should be considered not only an outcome but also an input into processes of exclusion. This is illustrated through exploration of the reproduction of the frequently negative place-images surrounding two deprived neighbourhoods in urban Scotland. The thesis explores how such representation may stigmatise residents therein, ultimately resulting in the production of landscapes of exclusion. Use of a range of qualitative methods (though primarily biographical interviews) demonstrates how negative place-images are constructed and remain resilient to change while also revealing the concrete outcomes of such 'imagined' geographies. Overall, the thesis makes three main points. First, that the construction of 'imagined' and 'real' places are fluid and dynamic processes and differences between 'images' and 'realities' of places are neither as clear cut, nor as 'true' or 'inaccurate' as might be assumed. Second, that 'real' and 'imagined' representations of place are reproduced through practices in, and attitudes towards, place. And third, that migration processes are influenced by, and influential to, the construction of social and place identities. Construction of socio-spatial stereotypes reveals space to be both an outcome and input into processes of exclusion while also demonstrating how many of the taken-for-granted assumptions about disadvantaged neighbourhoods might be considered place-myths.
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Peebles, Hugh B. "Warship building on the Clyde, 1889-1939 : a financial study." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1789.
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The part played by warshipbuilding in sustaining the Clyde shipbuilding industry between 1889 and 1939 has received less attention than it deserves. Only a minority of firms undertook warshipbuilding in peacetime but they included some of the leading shipyards an the Clyde. This study, based on a detailed examination of accounts and cost records, shows that naval work was of critical importance for these firms from the 1890's onwards. All of the firms which took advantage of the expansion in the demand for warships in the 1890's were in financial difficulties and profitable naval contracts were largely responsible for reviving their fortunes. From then until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, naval work constituted a major part of their output and the most profitable part of it. By 19149 all of the warshipbuilders had expanded their capacity and provided expensive new facilities largely an the strength of the demand for warships and the three biggest yards were owned by armaments manufacturers who were primarily interested in shipyards for their warshipbuilding capability. After the war, the demand for armaments contracted and the warshipbuilders were faced with the problem of finding profitable employment for capacity designed for building warships and warship engines. This proved to be impossible and the relative dearth of naval contracts in the 1920's and early 1930's was the primary cause of the severe financial difficulties in which they found themselves when the onset of the world financial crisis in 1931 brought merchant shipbuilding to a standstill. Only Beardmore's succumbed but, had rearmament not been in the offing, it is doubtful if many of the warshipbuilding yards would have survived the ensuing crisis. As it was the survivors regained their financial stability by 1939 only because of the revival in the demand for warships.
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McKenzie, John Stephen. "ROKPA Scotland a sociological account /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25219.
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Brophy, Kenneth. "The cursus monuments of Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2476/.
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McFarlane, Neil Munro. "Tuberculosis in Scotland, 1870-1960." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1990. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2041/.
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