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Journal articles on the topic 'Science – Great Britain – History'

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Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

García Asuero, Agustín. "Chemical Society Y Pharmaceuthical Society Of Great Britain: Parallel Lifes." Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, no. 90(02) (July 1, 2024): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.53519/analesranf.2024.90.02.03.

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This report reviews the creation and beginnings of two important scientific societies, the “Chemical Society of London”, and the “Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain”. The similarity is noted in terms of their starting point and establishment of specific objectives, e.g., the practice of chemistry. Differences are observed in the admission criteria, which are more restrictive by the “Chemical Society”. Both societies are the result of the process of differentiation of science, and the reaffirmation of professional sentiment and the rights associated with the practice of the trade. Key figures are reviewed in both cases, highlighting in the case of the “Chemical Society” the German influence on British chemistry. The search for a headquarters that satisfies the material needs and the fulfilment of the entrusted missions involves a long pilgrimage. The “Chemical Society of London” soon became the “Chemical Society” and later became the “Royal Society of Chemistry”. The “Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain” became the “Royal Pharmaceutical Society” over the years. Keywords: Chemical Society of London; Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; history

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2

Podolsky, Vadim. "History of the social policy in the United Kingdom." Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost, no. 5 (2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086904990016102-4.

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In the XVII century Great Britain became the first country in the world with a full-scale system of social support, which was regulated at the state level. The “Old Poor Law” of 1601 and the “New Poor Law” of 1834 are well-studied in both foreign and Russian science, but the solutions that preceded them are less known. The aim of this study is to describe the development of social policy in Great Britain up to 1834, when the system of assistance to people in need was redesigned according to the liberal logic of minimal interference of the state. The article is based on comparative and historic approach and analysis of legal documents. It demonstrates the evolution of institutions and practices of social support in Great Britain. In this country social policy grew from church and private charity and developed at local level under centrally defined rules. Consistent presentation of social policy history in Great Britain is valuable for studies of charity, local self-government and social policy.

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3

Wallace, Ian. "GDR Studies in Great Britain." East Central Europe 14, no. 1 (1987): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633087x00025.

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4

NAROVLIANSKIY, Oleksandr. "EDUCATIONAL TOURISM IN GREAT BRITAIN." Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education Herald. Series: Philosophy, Pedagogy, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023) (December 29, 2023): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54891/2786-7013-2023-2-17.

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The article is devoted to the organisation of educational excursions in the UK and their role in the educational process of secondary schools. The purpose is to analyze the existing experience of organising school trips and to identify opportunities for using this experience in modern education in Ukraine. The historical origins of educational excursions are identified. The results of surveys and other studies conducted in the UK to determine the attitude of teachers to excursions as an element of the educational process, as well as the problems that arise in their organisation, are highlighted. Current experience of conducting excursions in various subjects - history, geography, natural sciences, mathematics, social sciences, computer technology. The article identifies the most popular educational tourism sites in the UK and highlights the methods used to organise school tours (specially designed tours related to the school curriculum, master classes, workshops, etc.) It is noted that special educational and training centers have been set up at certain facilities to conduct training sessions. It is noted that in Britain, excursions to government facilities such as the Parliament, the Royal Palace, the residence of the head of government, and the court have become widespread. It is determined that most museums and other visitor attractions establish preferential conditions for receiving groups of schoolchildren or provide opportunities for free visits. The problems that hinder the development of educational tourism at the present stage of development, in particular, lack of funding, are identified. The role of charitable foundations in the development and support of school excursions and the directions of their activities are highlighted. The experience of involving business structures, in particular Hyundai, in supporting educational tourism is analyzed. The unique experience of parliamentary support for educational tourism through the development of special bills on outdoor education, which are at different stages of consideration by the parliaments of Great Britain, Scotland and Wales, is indicated. The elements of experience that can be used in domestic education are identified.

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5

Cronin, James E., and Charles Tilly. "Popular Contention in Great Britain, 1758-1834." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 28, no. 1 (1997): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/206176.

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6

Buick, A. "The Socialist Party of Great Britain Centenary." History Workshop Journal 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbi029.

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7

Martill, David M. "The early history of pterosaur discovery in Great Britain." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 343, no. 1 (2010): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp343.18.

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8

Ulunyan, Arutyun. "“Cotton Shadow” of the Great Game (1880s — Early 20th Century)." ISTORIYA 13, no. 12-1 (122) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840023789-6.

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The article analyzes the interconnection between the political and economic interests of Britain in the context of the Great Game in the 1880s — early 20th century and the strengthening of the British participation in making and development of the Russian cotton industry. Archival sources, materials of parliamentary reports, the British press, publications of British and Russian participants in the events, all of them, provide legitimate basis to detect the peculiarities of the links between Britain’s economic and political interests during this period. The “cotton shadow” of the Great Game turned out to be a phenomenon that allows even at the statistical level to reveal the prevailing importance of economic interests over purely political assessments of the likely Russian threat to Britain in Central and East Asia and partially overshadow them.

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9

Syroezhkin, Aleksey M. "Administrative Procedures of Licensing in Great Britain." Administrative law and procedure 2 (February 9, 2023): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2071-1166-2023-2-54-59.

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The article deals with the legal regulation of administrative procedures of licensing in Great Britain. The feature of licensing is the stipulation of the duty of obtaining several permits to lawfully conduct the licensed activity under the concept of dual licensing. In Great Britain personal, ethical, qualification and economical requirements are stipulated. Licensing sanctions are variation of licenses, fines, license suspension and revocation.

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10

Allen, P., M. J. Benton, G. P. Black, C. J. Cleal, K. M. Evans, S. I. Jusypiw, M. A. Rowlands, and T. S. Westoll. "The Future of Earth Sciences Site Conservation In Great Britain." Geological Curator 5, no. 3 (July 1989): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc615.

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The small area of Great Britain (c.230,000km2) shows a remarkable range of geology. All thirteen periods of geological history recognised by the IUGS Commission on Stratigraphy are recorded in a wide variety of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks, and there are many classic localities.

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11

James, Frank A. J. L., and Anthony Peers. "Constructing Space for Science at the Royal Institution of Great Britain." Physics in Perspective 9, no. 2 (June 2007): 130–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00016-006-0303-5.

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12

van Roon, Ger. "Great Britain and the Oslo States." Journal of Contemporary History 24, no. 4 (October 1989): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002200948902400405.

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13

Boyer, George R. "The Evolution of Unemployment Relief in Great Britain." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 3 (January 2004): 393–433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219504771997908.

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The history of unemployment relief in Britain from 1834 to 1911 was not a “unilinear progression in collective benevolence,” culminating in unemployment insurance. The combination of poor relief and private charity to assist cyclically unemployed workers from 1834 to 1870 was more generous, and more certain, than the relief provided for the unemployed under the various policies adopted from 1870 to 1911. A major shift in policy occurred in the 1870s, largely in response to the crisis of the Poor Law in the 1860s. Because the new policy—a combination of self-help and charity—proved unable to cope with the high unemployment of cyclical downturns, Parliament in 1911 bowed to political pressure for a national system of relief by adopting the world's first compulsory system of unemployment insurance.

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14

Murphy, M. J. "Differential family formation in Great Britain." Journal of Biosocial Science 19, no. 4 (October 1987): 463–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017107.

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SummaryDifferentials in variables concerned with the timing, number, and distribution of fertility by a wide range of socioeconomic, attitudinal, inherited and housing characteristics from the British Family Formation Survey are reported. Variables associated with the couple's housing history and the wife's employment career are becoming more strongly associated with demographic differentials among younger cohorts than traditionally-based ones such as religion or region of residence. Cluster analysis techniques show which groups of family formation variables are strongly associated with particular types of non-demographic ones, and a natural grouping of explanatory variables is derived. The implications of these conclusions for data collection in demographic surveys are discussed.

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15

Huldén, Larry, and Lauri Kaila. "Review: The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and lreland." Entomologica Fennica 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.83572.

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Emmer, A. M. & Heath, J. (eds.) 1991: The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and lreland, Vol. 7(2): Lasiocampidae - Thyatiridae with Life History Chart of the British Lepidoptera. 400 pp. - Harley Books, Colchester. ISBN 0 946589 26 7. Price GBP 49.50 (from 1992 raised to 55.00).

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16

Daddow, Oliver J. "Euroscepticism and History Education in Britain." Government and Opposition 41, no. 1 (2006): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2006.00171.x.

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AbstractThis article examines the role played by national history in generating and sustaining the popularity of British Eurosceptic arguments. The core argument advanced is that the modernist approach to history prevalent among British historians and the society in which they work has to be considered the key reason for Euroscepticism retaining such a popular appeal in Britain. The overly reverential attitude to recent martial history on the part of the British, and an almost total neglect of the peacetime dimensions of modern European history since 1945, both serve to exaggerate the tendency in the country to fall back on glib images of Britain as a great power with a ‘special relationship’ across the Atlantic and Europe as a hostile ‘other’ to be confronted rather than engaged with constructively.

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17

Unwin, Patrick R., and Robert W. Unwin. "Humphry Davy and the Royal Institution of Great Britain." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 63, no. 1 (July 28, 2008): 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2008.0010.

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The abortive attempts of Sir Humphry Davy to introduce modest reforms at the Royal Society of London during his Presidency (1820–27) contrast with his (largely unstudied) earlier experience of administration at the Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI). Davy's attempts to combat the systemic weaknesses in governance and funding, and his role in effecting changes at the RI, in association with a core group of reformers, merit consideration. This paper analyses important aspects of the early management and social structure of the RI and examines the inner workings of the institution. It shows how and why the Library, its most valuable financial asset, and its celebrated Laboratory, developed along distinctive lines, each with its own support structures and intra-institutional interests. While acknowledging the roles traditionally ascribed to Count Rumford and Sir Joseph Banks, the paper highlights the contributions of other early patrons such as Thomas Bernard, son of a colonial governor of Massachusetts, and Earl Spencer, a leading European bibliophile and RI President from 1813 to 1825. The promotion of a Bill in Parliament in 1810, designed to transform the RI from a proprietary body politic into a corporation of members, and the subsequent framing of the bye-laws, provided opportunities to establish a more democratic structure of elected committees for the conduct of science.

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18

Safford, Jeffrey J., and Lawrence Spinelli. "Dry Diplomacy: The United States, Great Britain, and Prohibition." Journal of American History 76, no. 4 (March 1990): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2936685.

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19

Abattouy, Mohammed, Jürgen Renn, and Paul Weinig. "Transmission as Transformation: The Translation Movements in the Medieval East and West in a Comparative Perspective." Science in Context 14, no. 1-2 (June 2001): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889701000011.

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The articles collected in this volume have their origin in an international workshop dedicated to “Experience and Knowledge Structures in Arabic and Latin Sciences.” Specialists from Great Britain, France, Denmark, Spain, Morocco, the United States, and Germany gathered in Berlin in 1996 in the context of an interdisciplinary research project on the history of mechanical thinking at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. The workshop initiated a process of discussion focused on problems of the intercultural transmission and transformation of knowledge. The present double issue is an outcome of this ongoing discussion.

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20

Tilly, Charles. "Contentious Repertoires in Great Britain, 1758-1834." Social Science History 17, no. 2 (1993): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1171282.

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21

Tilly, Charles. "Contentious Repertoires in Great Britain, 1758–1834." Social Science History 17, no. 2 (1993): 253–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200016849.

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A quick comparison of characteristic British struggles in 1758 and 1833 will show how greatly the predominant forms of popular collective action changed during the intervening 75 years. That change sets a research problem that I have been pursuing for many years: documenting, and trying to explain, changes in the ways that people act together in pursuit of shared interests—changes in repertoires of collective action. This interim report has two complementary objectives: first, to situate the evolving concept of repertoire in my own work and in recent studies of collective action; second, to illustrate its applications to the experience of Great Britain from the 1750s to the 1830s. It will do no more than hint, however, at explanations of the changes it documents.

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22

Crombie, Alistair C. "Alexandre Koyré and Great Britain: Galileo and Mersenne." History and Technology 4, no. 1-4 (October 1987): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07341518708581691.

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23

Terniievska, Yevheniia. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL CONCEPTOSPHERE IN GREAT BRITAIN." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 53, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/5316.

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The article analyzes the peculiarities of the process of the national conceptosphere development in Great Britain. It was found that the national conceptosphere is a set of categorized, standardized, processed concepts in the consciousness of the ethnic group. The conceptosphere expands with the enrichment of historical experience, culture of the nation, its art, science and literature. As a result of the analysis of modern linguistic sources it is determined that the main concepts of the British linguistic picture of the world are correlated with the features of the national character of the British. English people usually talk about themselves as quiet, reserved people who are dominated by common sense and who are not inclined to make rash decisions. At the same time, the Scots, Welsh and Northern Irish present themselves as the complete opposite, namely as romantic, impulsive and energetic people. In Victorian era such concept as “Englishness”, or English national identity, arose. In that period new traditions, new educational system, and new standards of the English language were emerging. Thus, the political, economic, cultural events and shifts in the history of the British nation at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries led to the formation of the modern conceptosphere of the people. This period in the life of Great Britain gave new meanings to many culturally marked signs embodying the material and immaterial culture.

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24

authors, Various. "Book reviews." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 58, no. 1 (January 22, 2004): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2003.0230.

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The greate invention of algebra: Thomas Harriot's treatise on equations , by Jacqueline A. Stedall, reviewed by J. Gray. Collected works on Benjamin Roberts and Charles Hutton , by W. Johnson, reviewed by A. McConnell. The man who changed everything—the life of James Clerk Maxwell , by Basil Mahon, reviewed by B. Pippard. 'The common purposes of life': science and society at the Royal Institution of Great Britain , ed. Frank A. J. L. James, reviewed by J. S. Rowlinson.

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25

Adas, Michael. "Comparative History and the Colonial Encounter: the Great War and the Crisis of the British Empire." Itinerario 14, no. 2 (July 1990): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300009992.

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In his recent work on the Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, Paul Kennedy stresses the importance of Great Britain's colonial empire in establishing its credentials as the most imposing ofthe great powers in the decades before the First World War. Britain not only possessed ‘the greatest empire the world had ever seen’, but its status as the great global power appeared to be enhanced by the fact that in the last three decades of the nineteenth century ‘it had added 4.25 million miles and 66 million people to the empire’. Other key ‘indicators of British strength’ marshalled by Kennedy include overseas fleets, naval bases and cable stations, which were inextricably bound up with its farflung colonial enterprises. Though empire is essential to Britain's great power status, in Kennedy's argument it has almost nothing to do with the steady decline in British power in the period before the Great War and, at an accelerating pace, throughout the twentieth century. He alludes in places to imperial crises and commitments as key contributors to Britain's perilously overextended position both before and after the war. He also concedes that resistance by colonized peoples, whether in the form of ‘tribal unrest’ or ‘western-educated lawyers and intellectuals seeking to create mass parties’ was somewhat troublesome, but ‘less threatening’ than developments within Europe itself. In Kennedy's view, Britain's retreat from imperial and global power (and, for that matter, that of France as well) can best be understood by charting the decline, relative to that of the other great powers, of its economic base, both industrial and commercial, and its incapacity, due to that decline, to meet the ever-expanding and more costly military commitments that its leaders viewed as essential to the maintenance of its positions as a great power.

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26

Hall, Marie Boas, and William McGucken. "Scientists, Society, and State: The Social Relations of Science in Great Britain, 1931-1947." American Historical Review 91, no. 3 (June 1986): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1869199.

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27

Baranov, Nikolay N., and Olga S. Porshneva. "THE CULTURAL HERITAGE AND THE MEMORY OF THE GREAT WAR IN GREAT BRITAIN. CONTEMPORARY ANGLO-SAXON HISTORIOGRAPHY." Ural Historical Journal 71, no. 2 (2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2021-2(71)-25-35.

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The First World War is called “Great” only among the British. This circumstance underlines its enduring importance for British spiritual, political and everyday culture. The conceptualization of historical events as an act of forming cultural memory, a form of presenting a significant past and its cultural heritage is considered in this article on the basis of the methodology of memory studies and heritage studies, its new direction — critical heritage studies. Within the framework of the latter, cultural heritage is interpreted as a process of permanent rethinking and redefinition of the cultural values of the past, which includes various social actors. The influential participants in this process are researchers: culturologists, historians, literary scholars, sociologists, who not only influence collective ideas about the events of the past, but also interpret their contemporary significance. Accordingly, from a huge number of works devoted to the Great War memorialization the authors of the article focus on those that consider the interaction of various forms of memory and their influence on the evolution of the collective memory of the British; they are created in the mainstream of the historical science of culture and distinguished by a pronounced historical and anthropological approach. The article identifies several conceptual approaches in the development of the problems of the cultural heritage and the memory of the war, analyzes the achievements in a comparative study of the image of war and its evolution in the cultural memory of the British, in studying the interaction of the official and popular, collective and individual forms of war memory, general and specific features of the British and foreign traditions of memory about the First World War. It also interprets the significance of the revisionist historiography in changing the notions of the Great War heritage.

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Gorfin, Vladislav L., and Alexander M. Rybakov. "RUSSIA’S ROLE IN THE STRUGGLE FOR THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES." Historical Search 2, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2021-2-2-5-12.

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In the article the authors show the place of Russia in the struggle for the independence of the United States. They reveal the concept of «military neutrality», its essence and content. They define the basic principles of the world colonial system in the XVIII century, the foundations of interrelation between world powers and their colonies. They identify the priorities and interests for the development of foreign policy relations. They establish causal links between the war of the North American colonies of Great Britain for their independence and the policies of a number of European powers (Russia, Great Britain, France), as well as the consequences to which it led. The article considers the history of the struggle for independence and the formation of a new state of the United States of America, the development of foreign policy relations. The authors focus on the history of Russian-American relations in the second half of the XVIII century in the political aspect, and emphasize the increasing penetration of Russia’s influence in the scientific and cultural spheres which directly influenced and enriched the two countries. The relations between Russia and the United States and their history are studied. The history of relations between Russia and Great Britain is shown. The authors analyze the history of attempts to involve the Russian Empire in the war on the side of Great Britain, the position of the Russian government and Catherine II, as well as their attitude to these attempts. The authors give prominence to a number of world political figures and note their personal contribution to the process of struggle for independence and the further development of the United States of America. Unknown moments of their biographies are revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the role and the place of the leading countries of the period under study in the struggle for freedom and independence of the future superpower.

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Lyttelton, Adrian. "Political language in Italy and Great Britain." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 14, no. 1 (March 2009): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545710802647775.

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Ahmadi, Farajollah. "Communication and the Consolidation of the British Position in the Persian Gulf, 1860s–1914." Journal of Persianate Studies 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18747167-12341308.

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The scale of Britain’s industrial expansion during the nineteenth century was vast and extraordinary. On the sea, Britain dominated the industrialized world both in tonnage and distance and established the largest shipping lines in the world. With the rapid increase in international trade, Britain led the world in the development of submarine telegraph cable and steamships. Although from the early decades of nineteenth century, Britain was expanding its ascendancy in the Persian Gulf, from 1860s onward, technological developments, mainly telegraph and steamship, led to a significant change in favor of British hegemony in the region. This technological progress had great impacts on the politics and economy of the area and neighboring centuries. The present article is an attempt to examine the process of communication system development in the Persian Gulf and its role in the consolidation of British position in the region.

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Owens, Alastair. "Property, Power, and the City in Great Britain." Journal of Urban History 30, no. 2 (January 2004): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144203259329.

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Wrigley, E. Anthony. "Reconsidering the Industrial Revolution: England and Wales." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 49, no. 1 (June 2018): 9–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01230.

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In the mid-sixteenth century, England was a small country on the periphery of Europe with an economy less advanced than those of several of its continental neighbors. In 1851, the Great Exhibition both symbolized and displayed the technological and economic lead that Britain had then taken. A half-century later, however, there were only minor differences between the leading economies of Western Europe. To gain insight into both the long period during which Britain outpaced its neighbors and the decades when its lead evaporated, it is illuminating to focus on the energy supply. Energy is expended in all productive activities. The contrast between the limitations inherent to organic economies dependent on the annual round of plant photosynthesis for energy and the possibilities open to an economy able to make effective use of the vast quantity of energy available in coal measures is key both to the understanding of the lengthy period of Britain’s relative success and to its subsequent swift decline.

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33

Lyons, Gene M. "The Study of International Relations in Great Britain: Further Connections." World Politics 38, no. 4 (July 1986): 626–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2010170.

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Aside from language, students of international relations in the United States and Great Britain have several things in common: parallel developments in the emergence of international relations as a field of study after World War I, and more recent efforts to broaden the field by drawing security issues and changes in the international political economy under the broad umbrella of “international studies.” But a review of four recent books edited by British scholars demonstrates that there is also a “distance” between British and American scholarship. Compared with dominant trends in the United States, the former, though hardly monolithic and producing a rich and varied literature, is still very much attached to historical analysis and the concept of an “international society” that derives from the period in modern history in which Britain played a more prominent role in international politics. Because trends in scholarship do, in fact, reflect national political experience, the need continues for transnational cooperation among scholars in the quest for strong theories in international relations.

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Wilkey, Cynthia. "Both Sides of the Looking Glass: Faith versus Science in Victorian Great Britain and America." Journal of Women's History 13, no. 2 (2001): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2001.0056.

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35

Rönnbäck, Klas. "New and old peripheries: Britain, the Baltic, and the Americas in the Great Divergence." Journal of Global History 5, no. 3 (October 27, 2010): 373–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022810000197.

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AbstractIn his seminal bookThe Great Divergence, Kenneth Pomeranz has argued that access to inputs from the vast acreages available in the Americas was crucial for the Industrial Revolution in Britain. But could no other regions of the world have provided the inputs in demand? Recent research claims that this could have been the case. This article takes that research one step further by studying Britain’s trade with an old and important peripheral trading partner, the Baltic, contrasting this to the British trade with America. The article shows that production for export was not necessarily stagnating in the Baltic, as Pomeranz has claimed. Qualitative aspects of the factor endowment of land did not, however, enable the production of specific raw materials, such as cotton, to meet the increasing demand. Thus, the decreasing role of the Baltic ought to a large extent to be attributed to the patterns of British industrialization, and the demand it created for specific raw materials, rather than internal, institutional constraints in the Baltic region.

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McCraw, Thomas K., and Tony Freyer. "Regulating Big Business: Antitrust in Great Britain and America, 1880-1990." Journal of American History 80, no. 1 (June 1993): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079781.

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37

Rosner, David, and J. Rogers Hollingsworth. "A Political Economy of Medicine: Great Britain and the United States." Journal of American History 74, no. 4 (March 1988): 1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1894499.

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38

Winfield, Idee, Richard T. Campbell, Alan C. Kerckhoff, Diane D. Everett, and Jerry M. Trott. "Career Processes in Great Britain and the United States." Social Forces 68, no. 1 (September 1989): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2579229.

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Winfield, I., R. T. Campbell, A. C. Kerckhoff, D. D. Everett, and J. M. Trott. "Career Processes in Great Britain and the United States." Social Forces 68, no. 1 (September 1, 1989): 284–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/68.1.284.

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Thorsheim, Peter, and I. G. Simmons. "An Environmental History of Great Britain: From 10,000 Years Ago to the Present." Environmental History 7, no. 2 (April 2002): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3985687.

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41

Clements, B., and C. D. Field. "Public Opinion toward Homosexuality and Gay Rights in Great Britain." Public Opinion Quarterly 78, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 523–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfu018.

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Morus, Iwan Rhys. "Manufacturing nature: science, technology and Victorian consumer culture." British Journal for the History of Science 29, no. 4 (December 1996): 403–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400034725.

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The public place of science and technology in Britain underwent a dramatic change during the first half of the nineteenth century. At the end of the eighteenth century, natural philosophy was still on the whole the province of a relatively small group ofaficionados. London possessed only one institution devoted to the pursuit of natural knowledge: the Royal Society. The Royal Society also published what was virtually the only journal dealing exclusively with scientific affairs: thePhilosophical Transactions. By 1851, when the Great Exhibition opened its doors in Hyde Park to an audience of spectators that could be counted in the millions, the pursuit of science as a national need, its relationship to industrial progress were acceptable, if not uncontested facts for many commentators.

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Zherlitsina, Natalia. "French and English Methods of Colonial Expansion in the Maghreb on the Example of the Franco-Moroccan Crisis of the Late 1840s — Early 1850s." ISTORIYA 14, S23 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025637-9.

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The article is devoted to the Franco-Moroccan crisis of the late 1840s — early 1850s, in which Great Britain was directly involved. This historical event is not covered at all in Russian/Soviet historiography and only in the few works of French and English scientists. The research is based on the study of published documents of archives and works of historians of France and Great Britain of the late 19th — early 20th centuries — the heyday of European colonial empires. The analysis of the causes, course and consequences of the crisis allows the author to compare the methods of colonial expansion used by France and Great Britain when creating their colonial empires in the 19th century. The article shows that both European empires were interested in subjugating the sultanate, but if France sought to include Morocco in its colonial empire, then Britain, using economic and political pressure, gradually turned the North African country into its obedient puppet. The author concludes that Morocco's loss of independence was only a matter of time — when France and Britain could agree on the terms of this seizure. Thus, the fact that the sultanate of Morocco remained independent throughout the 19th century was explained by the conflicting interests of European empires in this region, and not by the success of the policy of the authorities of this country.

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Cohler, Deborah. "Sapphism and Sedition: Producing Female Homosexuality in Great War Britain." Journal of the History of Sexuality 16, no. 1 (2007): 68–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sex.2007.0034.

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LEAKE, ELISABETH MARIKO. "British India versus the British Empire: The Indian Army and an impasse in imperial defence, circa 1919–39." Modern Asian Studies 48, no. 1 (July 3, 2013): 301–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000753.

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AbstractFrom the end of the Great War to the onset of the Second World War, Great Britain and British India clashed over the Indian Army's role in imperial defence. Britain increasingly sought an imperial fighting force that it could deploy across the globe, but the government of India, limited by the growing independence movements, financial constraints, and—particularly—renewed tribal unrest on its North-West Frontier, refused to meet these demands. Attempts to reconcile Britain's and India's conflicting strategies made little headway until the late 1930s when compromise ultimately emerged with the establishment of the Expert Committee on the Defence of India 1938–39. While the Committee refuted India's traditional focus on the subcontinent's own security, importantly it recognized the necessity of British financial support for the Indian Army and the maintenance of a large local fighting force to prevent North-West Frontier unrest from disrupting imperial military planning at a time of global war.

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Yearwood, Peter J. "Great Britain and the repartition of Africa, 1914–19∗." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 18, no. 3 (October 1990): 316–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086539008582821.

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47

Smith, Evan. "National Liberation for Whom? The Postcolonial Question, the Communist Party of Great Britain, and the Party’s African and Caribbean Membership." International Review of Social History 61, no. 2 (July 29, 2016): 283–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859016000249.

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AbstractThe Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) had a long tradition of anti-colonial activism since its foundation in 1920 and had been a champion of national liberation within the British Empire. However, the Party also adhered to the idea that Britain’s former colonies, once independent, would want to join a trade relationship with their former coloniser, believing that Britain required these forms of relationship to maintain supplies of food and raw materials. This position was maintained into the 1950s until challenged in 1956–1957 by the Party’s African and Caribbean membership, seizing the opportunity presented by the fallout of the political crises facing the CPGB in 1956. I argue in this article that this challenge was an important turning point for the Communist Party’s view on issues of imperialism and race, and also led to a burst of anti-colonial and anti-racist activism. But this victory by its African and Caribbean members was short-lived, as the political landscape and agenda of the CPGB shifted in the late 1960s.

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Sang, Nguyen Van, Le Thanh Nam, and Luu Trang. "Independent or Annexation: The Texas Issue in the British-American Relations (1836 - 1846)." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 5 (September 5, 2021): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0134.

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This article presents the annexation of Texas in the relations between Great Britain and the United States from 1836 to 1846. The first part presents an overview of the territory, history of exploration and development of Texas from the early stages of history until the formation of the republic in 1836. The next section of the article refers to the interests of Great Britain and the United States in Texas. The final section provides the British-American diplomacy from 1836 to 1846 on the annexation of Texas. On the basis of the exploitation of correspondences, treaties and other material sources, the article contributes to clarifying the Anglo-American relations relating to the annexation of Texas and the expansion history of the United States during the first half of the XIX century. Received: 3 June 2021 / Accepted: 19 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021

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Motruk, Siuzanna. "The impact of the Great War (1914-1918) on women`s suffrage in Great Britain." Scientific Papers of the Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University. History 40 (July 3, 2023): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2023-40.86-99.

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The purpose of the article is to investigate how the First World War aff ected women’s suff rage in Great Britain, to analyze what place was given to women in the political plane during the Great War. Compare the infl uence of women “before” and “aft er” the war, what specifi c changes took place. The methodological basis of the research is based on the princi- ples of objectivity and historicism. During the research, comparative, analytical methods and the method of gender monitoring have been used during the research. Th e scientifi c novelty is based on the involvement of sources and historiography related to the participation of women in the struggle for obtaining voting rights in Great Britain during the Great War, the need to supplement modern Ukrainian research on this issue, to expand the knowledge base, is also im- portant. Conclusions. Th is issue is revealed with the help of documentary materials (memoirs, periodicals). On the examp le of specifi c female images of leading fi gures (in particular, Emmeline Pankhurst, Christabel Pankhurst, Nancy Astor and others), the features of the suff ragist move- ment, which operated in Great Britain before the beginning of the Great War and during it, are analyzed. Th e research used materials from newspaper periodicals from the time of the First World War, the original documents were translated in order to make the research accessible to Ukrainian historical science. The author investigated the participation of women in the political sphere and represented this process on a modern level. Th e methods of women’s struggle for suf- frage are revealed and the reactionary actions of British politics towards feminism are presented. The article analyzes the «Act on People’s Representation» issued in 1918, which granted women limited voting rights. Th e purpose of the article is to explore how the First World War af- fected women’s suff rage in Great Britain. British women were the fi rst to rise in the fi ght for suf- frage among European women. Their activism inspired other women to struggle as they sought to change their situation. Th e study of women’s history is one of the leading and important prob- lems in European historical studies, therefore, in the future, with the involvement of European and international experience and studying the practices of Western European gender studies, which studies will be relevant and widespread in Ukraine as well. Ensuring equality in Ukraine is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Th erefore, the progressive experience of British women in the struggle for voting rights can be very useful.

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Otte, Thomas G. "‘An altogether unfortunate affair’: Great Britain and thedaily telegraphaffair." Diplomacy & Statecraft 5, no. 2 (July 1994): 296–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592299408405920.

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