Journal articles on the topic 'Science fiction, English – History and criticism'
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Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "The Monster That Is History: History, Violence, and Fictional Writing in Twentieth-Century China. By David Der-Wei Wang. [Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2004. 402 pp. ISBN 0-520-23140-6.]." China Quarterly 182 (June 2005): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005270261.
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This celebration of modern Chinese literature is a tour de force, David Wang's third major summation in English. He is even more prolific in Chinese. Wang's command of the creative and critical literatures is unrivalled.Monster's subject is “the multivalence of Chinese violence across the past century”: not 1960s “structural violence” or postcolonial “epistemic violence,” but hunger, suicide, anomie, betrayal (though not assassination or incarceration), and “the violence of representation”: misery that reflects or creates monstrosity in history. Monster thus comments on “history and memory,” like Ban Wang's and Yomi Braester's recent efforts, although for historical reasons modern Chinese literature studies are allergic to historical and sociological methodologies.Monster is comparative, mixing diverse – sometimes little read – post-May Fourth and Cold War-era works with pieces from the 19th and 20th fins de siècle. Each chapter is a free associative rhapsody (sometimes brilliant, sometimes tedious; often neo-Freudian), evoking, from a recurring minor detail as in new historicist criticism, a major binary trope or problematic for Wang to “collapse” or blur. His forte is making connections between works. The findings: (1) decapitation (loss of a “head,” or guiding consciousness?) in Chinese fiction betokens remembering or “re-membering” (of the severed), as in an unfinished Qing novel depicting beheaded Boxers, works by Lu Xun and Shen Congwen, and Wuhe's 2000 commemoration of a 1930 Taiwanese aboriginal uprising; (2) justice is poetic, but equals punishment, even crime, in late Qing castigatory novels, Bai Wei, and several Maoist writers; (3) in revolutionary literature, love and revolution blur, as do love affairs in life with those in fiction; (4) hunger, indistinct from anorexia, is excess; witness “starved” heroines of Lu Xun, Lu Ling, Eileen Chang and Chen Yingzhen; (5) remembering scars creates scars, as in socialist realism, Taiwan's anticommunist fiction, and post-Mao scar literature; (6) in fiction about evil (late Ming and late Qing novels; Jiang Gui), inhumanity is all too human and sex blurs with politics; (7) suicide can be a poet's immortality, from Wang Guowei to Gu Cheng; (8) cultural China's most creative new works invoke ghosts again, obscuring lines between the human, the “real,” and the spectral.
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Dozio, Cristina. "Video as a Canonization Channel for Contemporary Arabic Fiction." Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 20 (March 22, 2021): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jais.8710.
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With the media transition from the paper to the digital, Arab writers’ interaction on the social media and book-related videos have become a central strategy of promotion. Besides book trailers produced by the publishers and the readers, the international literary prizes produce their own videos. One of the most important examples is the International Prize for Arabic Fiction (IPAF) which releases videos with English subtitles for the shortlisted authors every year. Moreover, some writers and journalists have started TV programs or YouTube channels recommending books and interviewing their fellow authors. Engaging with literary history, politics of translation, and media studies, this paper discusses the contribution of videos to the contemporary Arabic novel’s canonization: how do the videos make the canon and its mechanisms visible? Which image of the intellectual do they shape globally and locally? Which linguistic varieties do they adopt?
This paper compares two kinds of videos to encompass the global and local scale, with their respective canonizing institutions and mechanisms. On the one hand, it examines how IPAF videos (2012-2019) promote a very recent canon of novels on the global scale through the representation of space, language, and the Arab intellectual. On the other hand, it looks at two book-related TV programs by the Egyptian writers Bilāl Faḍl and ʿUmar Ṭāhir, selecting three episodes (Faḍl 2011, Faḍl 2018, and Ṭāhir 2018) featuring or devoted to Aḥmad Khālid Tawfīq (1962-2018), a successful author of science-fiction and thrillers. Debating non-canonical writings, these TV programs contribute to redefine the national canon focusing on the reading practices and literary criticism.
Keywords: Canon building, contemporary Arabic literature, literary prizes, IPAF, TV programs, Aḥmad Khālid Tawfīq
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Khramov, Alexander. "Did God create fossils? Notes on the history of an idea." St. Tikhons' University Review 104 (December 29, 2022): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturi2022104.29-45.
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The subject of the paper is prochronism, e.g. the teaching which says that the world was created with the appearance of old age. It is shown that the sources of prochronism could be traced to the medieval doctrine of double truth and philosophy of Descartes, who suggested that cosmological theories on the origin of the Universe are purely conditional, while in fact the world was instantly created complete and mature. The idea of apparent, but non-existent past gained much credence during the first half of the 19th century, when paleontological and geological discoveries raised a question on how to square the age of the Earth and the life on it with the six days of Genesis. The hypothesis of prochronism was most fully developed in «Omphalos: an attempt to untie the geological knot» (1857), the book by the English naturalist P. Gosse. During the Darwinian time the interest in this doctrine was shown not only by Christian thinkers, but also by secular philosophers and science fiction writers. Elements of prochronism were also present in the writings of Scriptural geologists in the 19th century and their successors, the young earth creationists in the 20th century. The main objections against prochronism are critically considered. According to the most popular of them, if God had made the world appear older that it is, He thus would have deceived people. But from the point of view of prochronism, the creation of traces of never existed past was necessitated by the logic of causality, which required God to actualize all the consequences of historical epochs skipped by Him. The link between prochronism and the problem of pre-human sufferings is outlined. The conclusion is made that this doctrine, despite being counter-intuitive and rather notorious, is intellectually consistent and immune to the criticism.
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Roberts, R. "American Science Fiction and Contemporary Criticism." American Literary History 22, no. 1 (November 20, 2009): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajp048.
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Shaytanov, I. O. "History of Russian translations of fiction in 1800–1825." Voprosy literatury, no. 6 (December 8, 2023): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2023-6-174-179.
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The research is presented in the form close to a fundamentally annotated bibliography demonstrating how European literary experience was advanced in the first quarter of the 19th c. in Russia at the time when contemporary Russian literature was being shaped. Six parts are devoted successively to French, German, English, Italian, Spanish, and classical literatures. The major aspects of research are outlined in an extensive foreword (E. Dmitrieva, M. Koreneva). Highlights include: Comparative analysis of the international contacts of Russian literature; a new interest in the novel, the genre that manifested a new literary taste; publishing and the audience in Russia compared to other European cultures; the birth of literary criticism on the margins of rhetoric; the evolution of a literary taste where gallomania was being substituted by anglo- and germanophilia; the change in the forms of contacts from imitation to stylization in accordance with the formula suggested by Konstantin Batyushkov ‘The stranger’s treasure is mine.’
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Danish, Ehsanullah, Hina Mustafa, and Afshan Shezadi. "ANALYZING THE SELECTED SOUTH ASIAN FICTION IN ENGLISH: POLITICIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 04 (December 5, 2022): 1164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i04.1274.
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The present study discusses two important notions such as the element of politicization and globalization in the work of an Indian author, Arundhati Roy. Throughout history, politics and globalization have consistently served as a rich and productive subject matter for the creation of literary works, dating back to ancient times. This study aims at exploring the implications of politics and globalization in the selected work. The study is qualitative and uses Dissent Theory through which the writer’s resistance against undesirable politico-global interventions are revealed. The study concludes that the writer makes severe criticism on the negative effects of globalization and thinks this notion of globalization as a sort of neo-colonialism and through this hegemonic power the country is being ruled by the foreign power. Similarly, she has discussed the second aspect of manipulation of politics where she used her characters as national allegory. Keywords: Politicization, globalization, neo-colonialism, South Asian Fiction.
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Гахраман, А. Ф. г. "Value and significance of English fiction." Modern Humanities Success, no. 4 (April 30, 2024): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7175-2024-4-38-43.
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статья посвящена роли английской художественной литературы, ее существенному влиянию на формирование цивилизации, значимости и значительности ее в целом. Роль и значение английской литературы в современном мире не исчерпаны. Ее нельзя ассоциировать исключительно с историей культуры. Английская литература всегда была созвучна духу народа, ритму народных движений, борьбе за либеральные ценности. Не случайно сегодня одним из самых актуальных понятий в гуманитарных науках является понятие «другой». Английская литература остается «иной» по отношению к миру в целом и продолжает проповедовать те истины, которые филогенетически сформировали английский менталитет. В данной статье показано, что понятия «другой» и «толерантность» следует рассматривать в тесной связи. В литературоведении, как известно, существует термин остранение, введенный формалистами. В свете остранения, воспринимаемого не как отдельный прием, а как сущность художественного произведения, этот вид искусства вполне можно рассматривать как разновидность отражения или рефлексивного мышления. Мир, созданный художником слова, основан на бесконечности жизни, но его творческое воображение преобразует эту бесконечность жизни в соответствии с собственным видением. Образы, созданные писателем, также имеют прототипы в реальности, но как продукт творческого воображения или творческого мышления они могут быть гораздо более точными, адекватными отражениями действительности, чем мертвые слепки. the article is devoted to the role of English literature, its significant influence on the formation of civilization. The role and significance of English literature in the modern world has not been exhausted. It cannot be associated solely with cultural history. English literature has always been in tune with the spirit of the people with the rhythm of popular movements, with the struggle for liberal values. It is no coincidence that today one of the most relevant concepts in humanities is the concept of “other.” English literature remains “different” to the world as a whole and continues to preach those truths that have phylogenetically shaped the English mentality. This article shows that the concepts of “other” and “tolerance” should be considered in close connection. In literary criticism, as is known, there is a term defamiliarization, introduced by the formalists. In the light of defamiliarization, perceived not as a separate technique, but as the essence of fiction, this type of art may well be regarded as a kind of reflection or reflective thinking. The world created by the artist of words is based on the infinity of life, but his creative imagination transforms this infinity of life in accordance with his own vision. The images created by the writer also have prototypes in reality, but as a product of creative imagination, or creative thinking, they can be much more accurate, adequate reflections of reality than dead casts.
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ROLLS, ALISTAIR. "Primates in Paris and Edgar Allan Poe’s Paradoxical Commitment to Foreign Languages." Australian Journal of French Studies 58, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.2021.07.
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Drawing on recent innovations in detective criticism in France, this article broadens the quest to exonerate Poe’s famous orang-utan and argues that the Urtext of modern Anglo-American crime fiction is simultaneously a rejection of linguistic dominance (of English in this case) and an apologia for modern languages. This promotion of linguistic diversity goes hand in hand with the wilful non-self-coincidence of Poe’s detection narrative, which recalls, and pre-empts, the who’s-strangling-whom? paradox of deconstructionist criticism. Although “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” is prescient, founding modern crime fiction for future generations, it is entwined with a nineteenth-century tradition of sculpture that not only poses men fighting with animals but also inverts classical scenarios, thereby questioning the binary of savagery versus civilization and investing animals with the strength to kill humans while also positing them as the victims of human violence.
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Hussein, Ameer. "A Study of Intertextuality in Peter Ackroyd `s Selected Novels." Kufa Journal of Arts 1, no. 55 (March 1, 2023): 816–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36317/kaj/2023/v1.i55.10738.
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The concept of intertextuality is a central notion in postmodern theory and an important model to describe the relation between literary texts. The central purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the idea of intertextuality in postmodern theory and how it is manifested by the British prolific novelist Peter Ackroyd `s selected novels. The English critic and novelist of more than a dozen of novels as well as the Booker Prize for Fiction. Ackroyd is a great example of English novelist who rewrites in his novels English literary history through using the notion of intertextuality. As a result, Ackroyd`s novels are significant of shoot of postmodern novel since they document the literary texts of earlier authors to become the subject of their plots which reflect the postmodern idea in which literary works are viewed to mirror other works . Therefore, Ackroyd`s novels can be regarded as unique versions of this trend of postmodern fiction as well as literary criticism. The concept of intertextuality becomes subject to adaptation and revision in postmodern literary theory.
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Jenkins, E. R. "English South African children’s literature and the environment." Literator 25, no. 3 (July 31, 2004): 107–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v25i3.266.
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Historical studies of nature conservation and literary criticism of fiction concerned with the natural environment provide some pointers for the study of South African children’s literature in English. This kind of literature, in turn, has a contribution to make to studies of South African social history and literature. There are English-language stories, poems and picture books for children which reflect human interaction with nature in South Africa since early in the nineteenth century: from hunting, through domestication of the wilds, the development of scientific agriculture, and the changing roles of nature reserves, to modern ecological concern for the entire environment. Until late in the twentieth century the literature usually endorsed the assumption held by whites that they had exclusive ownership of the land and wildlife. In recent years English-language children’s writers and translators of indigenous folktales for children have begun to explore traditional beliefs about and practices in conservation.
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Huisman, Rosemary. "The discipline of English Literature from the perspective of SFL register." Language, Context and Text 1, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/langct.00005.hui.
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AbstractThe paper first traces the history and elaboration of the tertiary discipline English Literature through the 19th and 20th centuries to the present day, with special focus on the axiology, the values, given to the discipline and with a brief account of literary criticism and literary theory. It then refers to the work on registerial cartography in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and explores the register of the contemporary discipline in first-order field of activity and second-order field of experience, with examples from the language of webpages and exam papers of Australian universities. It continues with a brief overview of the author’s own work using SFL in the study ofthe poeticandthe narrativein English poetry and prose fiction of different historical periods and concludes with a caveat on the central disciplinary process, that of interpretation.
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Sheidlower, Jesse. "The Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction." Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America 45, no. 1 (2024): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dic.2024.a932067.
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ABSTRACT: The Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction ( HDSF ) is an online dictionary on historical principles dedicated to the vocabulary of English-language science fiction. Based on a project started at the Oxford English Dictionary , the HDSF contains approximately 1,500 entries and 12,000 quotations, many of which are linked to full views of their original publications or to bibliographic databases. It is regularly updated with new entries. This article describes the history of the project, the editorial decisions that inform it, the design of the dictionary, and the technical platform that runs it. It also discusses the future of the project, including the possibility of expanding it to cover related fields, such as video games or comics.
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Kambon, Ọbádélé Bakari, and Lwanga Songsore. "Fiction vs. Evidence: A Critical Review of Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw and the Eurasian Rhetorical Ethic." African and Asian Studies 20, no. 1-2 (April 27, 2021): 124–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341486.
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Abstract At the 2018 Outstanding African Thinkers Conference on Nna Chinweizu, attendees – the first author included – took a pledge that “In all branches of our lives, we must be capable of criticizing and of accepting criticism. But criticism, proof of the willingness of others to help us or of our willingness to help others, must be complemented by self-criticism – proof of our own willingness to help ourselves to improve our thoughts and our actions. This is a sacred principle and it is my sacred duty to apply and defend it at all costs” (Chinweizu 2018). In response to that call to action, this article represents an effort to restore MꜢꜤt ‘Maat.’ Ataa Ayi Kwei Armah’s Wat Nt Shemsw: The Way of Companions epitomizes undeclared fiction masquerading as an accurate reflection of the mythology of classical Kmt ‘Land of Black People.’ By cross-checking Ataa Armah’s undeclared fiction with actual historical, iconographical, and archaeological data, we are able to debunk his numerous misrepresentations. We find that the best way to approach Kmt ‘Land of Black People’ is through direct engagement with actual evidence rather than through the distortions of fiction writers turned Egyptologists. Further, we will address the personality cult, or what we term “Ataa Armah’s Manor Shemsw model,” which embodies the rhetorical ethic whereby all egalitarians are equal, but some egalitarians are more equal than others (Orwell, Baker, and Woodhouse 1996).
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Zhang, Zhehui. "A Post-Colonial Approach to The Man Who Ended History: A Documentary." English Language and Literature Studies 10, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v10n2p53.
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The Man Who Ended History: A Documentary is a science fiction by Chinese American science fiction writer Ken Liu (1976-). Based on the theory of Post-Colonial Criticism, this paper makes a concrete analysis of the text from the perspectives of three eminent contemporary theorists, aiming at the readers’ better understanding of the work, and eliminating ethnocentrism, racism, unilateralism and hegemony; keeping history in mind and justifying the names of innocent humans who have been persecuted; safeguarding world peace, and building a community with a shared future for mankind.
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Drozdova, Daria N. "Francis Bacon, Between Myth and History." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 58, no. 3 (2021): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202158339.
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Over the last 400 years, attitudes toward Francis Bacon's philosophy have changed considerably: the 17-century interest and the 18-century enthusiasm have been replaced by the 20-century criticism and reevaluation. However, both the praise and the rejection of the Lord Chancellor’s philosophical ideas often originate from the isolation and absolutization of particular features of his philosophy that can sometimes be in opposition to each other. These partial readings are justified by the fact that the reference to Bacon’s methodological and epistemological legacy has a symbolic meaning and is part of what is called “image of science” in Y. Elkana’s terminology. The way in which references to Bacon are used at different times and in different contexts is, in fact, a functional myth or theoretical fiction (I. Kasavin) in which the “historical Bacon” is fading away and what emerges is important and meaningful to those who declare themselves his followers or who lash out at him with criticism.
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Ksenofontova, Alexandra. "Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach to Time in Fiction." KronoScope 23, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-bja10008.
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Abstract The paper surveys five major perspectives on studying time in fiction: narratology, history of temporal regimes, temporal pluralism, aesthetics of time, and politics of time. It argues that these approaches have so far remained largely unintegrated, leading to a separation between areas of literary criticism that are in reality closely linked. In particular, some approaches separate time as subject from time as the principal element of narratives. Some approaches disregard the transhistorical plurality of temporal experiences, while others turn a blind eye to larger historical changes in the perception of time. Finally, some scholars choose to focus only on temporal aesthetics, while others explore only the fictional politics of time. Scrutinizing these three schisms of studying time in literary criticism, the paper argues for a re-integrated approach that accommodates insights from various disciplines and adopts a broader perspective on time and temporality in fiction.
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Moore-Gilbert, Bart. "Inventing India: a history of India in english-language fiction." History of European Ideas 17, no. 4 (July 1993): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(93)90147-i.
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Kozyreva, Olga A. "Criticism of Cartesian Account of Self-Knowledge in English-speaking Analytic Philosophy." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 59, no. 1 (2022): 94–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps20225919.
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The article presents an overview of the main strategies of criticizing the Cartesian account of self-knowledge in English-speaking analytic philosophy. First, I distinguish four basic aspects of the Cartesian account of self-knowledge: metaphysical, methodological, semantic, and epistemic ones. The first aspect deals with the justification of distinctive features of self-knowledge; the second aspect concerns the way the agent gains self-knowledge; the third aspect is about the content of mental states, and the last one is about formal principles of self-knowledge. Second, I examine four critical strategies. The criticism on the metaphysical aspect consists in denying the privacy of mental states thesis; the criticism on the methodological aspect refutes the perceptual model for introspection; the criticism on the semantic aspect rejects the internalism, i.e., the external factors do not determine the content of mental states; the criticism on the epistemic aspect involves the KK-principle failure. Finally, I briefly assess the efficiency of these critical strategies.
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Rabkin, Eric S., James B. Mitchell, and Carl P. Simon. "Who Really Shaped American Science Fiction?" Prospects 30 (October 2005): 45–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300001976.
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Treating science fiction, critics have taught us to understand that the field shrugged itself out of the swamp of its pulp origins in two great evolutionary metamorphoses, each associated with a uniquely visionary magazine editor: Hugo Gernsback and John W. Campbell Jr. Paul Carter, to cite one critic among many, makes a case that Hugo Gernsback's magazines were the first to suggest thatscience fiction was not only legitimate extrapolation… [but] might even become a positive incentive to discovery, inspiring some engineer or inventor to develop in the laboratory an idea he had first read about in one of the stories. (5)Another, critic and author Isaac Asimov, argues that science fiction's fabledGolden Age began in 1938, when John Campbell became editor of Astounding Stories and remolded it, and the whole field, into something closer to his heart's desire. During the Golden Age, he and the magazine he edited so dominated science fiction that to read Astounding was to know the field entire. (Before the Golden Age, xii)Critics arrive at such understandings not only by surveying the field but also — perhaps more importantly — by studying, accepting, modifying, or even occasionally rejecting the work of other critics. This indirect and many-voiced conversation is usually seen as a self-correcting process, an informal yet public peer review. Such interested scrutiny has driven science fiction (SF) criticism to evolve from the letters to the editor and editorials and mimeographed essays of the past to the nuanced literary history of today, just as, this literary history states, those firm-minded editors helped SF literature evolve from the primordial fictions of Edgar Rice Burroughs into the sophisticated constructs of William S. Burroughs.
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Muallim, Muajiz. "ISU-ISU KRISIS DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL DYSTOPIAN SCIENCE FICTION AMERIKA." Jurnal POETIKA 5, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/poetika.25810.
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This paper focuses on issues and discourses about the crisis that existed in the dystopian science fiction (dystopian sf) novels. In this case, Hunger Games Trilogy (2008-2010), Maze Runner Trilogy (2009-2011), Divergent Trilogy (2011-2013) are the main object to see how far the text of dystopian sf novels address issues and discourses about the crisis within. Dystopian sf novels that are the counter-discourse of utopian sf novels has no longer present the utopian elements of the future, but, contrastly present the worst possibilities of the future. It appears that the dystopian sf writers present narratives about crisis, poverty, darkness, and pessimism in their novels. It even reads as a form of criticism and warning that the writers are trying to convey to the reader through fictional texts. In the end, the conditions of crisis seen in the text of these dystopian sf novels open its relationship with the world's history outside the text.Keywords: crisis, dystopian science fiction, America, history.
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Muallim, Muajiz. "ISU-ISU KRISIS DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL DYSTOPIAN SCIENCE FICTION AMERIKA." Poetika 5, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v5i1.25810.
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This paper focuses on issues and discourses about the crisis that existed in the dystopian science fiction (dystopian sf) novels. In this case, Hunger Games Trilogy (2008-2010), Maze Runner Trilogy (2009-2011), Divergent Trilogy (2011-2013) are the main object to see how far the text of dystopian sf novels address issues and discourses about the crisis within. Dystopian sf novels that are the counter-discourse of utopian sf novels has no longer present the utopian elements of the future, but, contrastly present the worst possibilities of the future. It appears that the dystopian sf writers present narratives about crisis, poverty, darkness, and pessimism in their novels. It even reads as a form of criticism and warning that the writers are trying to convey to the reader through fictional texts. In the end, the conditions of crisis seen in the text of these dystopian sf novels open its relationship with the world's history outside the text.Keywords: crisis, dystopian science fiction, America, history.
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Lähteenmäki, Ilkka. "Possible Worlds of History." Journal of the Philosophy of History 12, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 164–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341354.
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Abstract The theory of possible worlds has been minimally employed in the field of theory and philosophy of history, even though it has found a place as a tool in other areas of philosophy. Discussion has mostly focused on arguments concerning counterfactual history’s status as either useful or harmful. The theory of possible worlds can, however be used also to analyze historical writing. The concept of textual possible worlds offers an interesting framework to work with for analyzing a historical text’s characteristics and features. However, one of the challenges is that the literary theory’s notion of possible worlds is that they are metaphorical in nature. This in itself is not problematic but while discussing about history, which arguably deals with the real world, the terminology can become muddled. The latest attempt to combine the literary and philosophical notions of possible worlds and apply it to historiography came from Lubomír Doležel in his Possible Worlds of Fiction and History: The Postmodern Stage (2010). I offer some criticism to his usage of possible worlds to separate history and fiction, and argue that when historiography is under discussion a more philosophical notion of possible worlds should be prioritized over the metaphorical interpretation of possible worlds.
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Collinge, James T. "‘With envious eyes’: Rabbit-poaching and class conflict in H. G. Wells’s The Time Machine and The Island of Doctor Moreau." Literature & History 26, no. 1 (May 2017): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306197317695082.
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Allusions to rabbits and poaching recur throughout H. G. Wells's work. In spite of the frequency with which they appear, these motifs remain overlooked within scholarly criticism. This article, by analysing Wells's representations of rabbit-poaching, first considers how nineteenth-century histories of industrialisation and game-crime shape his science fiction. It then explores the contradictory nature of these representations, which both demonise and sympathise with the figure of the rabbit-poacher, providing further insight into the class confusion that recent criticism perceives to characterise Wells's writing in this period.
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Emma Liggins. "Victorian Sensation Fiction: A Reader's Guide to Essential Criticism (review)." Victorian Periodicals Review 43, no. 1 (2010): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vpr.0.0110.
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Milner, Andrew. "The 'English ' Ideology: Literary Criticism in England and Australia." Thesis Eleven 12, no. 1 (May 1985): 110–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/072551368501200108.
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Cohen, Ben. "The Death of George Washington (1732–99) and the History of Cynanche." Journal of Medical Biography 13, no. 4 (November 2005): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096777200501300410.
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George Washington died in the winter of 1799 from acute epiglottitis during an epidemic of influenza. The details of the illness were fully recorded by his secretary, Tobias Lear, and this is the first published description in English of this condition. An account is given of the medical treatment and controversies that arose in criticism of the attendant doctors.
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Wrigley, E. Anthony. "A Reply to Kumar’s “Omission of Data in Wrigley’s ‘Reconsidering the Industrial Revolution’”." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 51, no. 2 (September 2020): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_c_01559.
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Kumar’s criticism is justified but only because the article in question failed to specify that England had achieved self-sufficiency in temperate foodstuffs rather than all foodstuffs. The ability of English agriculture between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries to meet the country’s temperate foodstuff needs was notable, especially as the number of men employed on farms changed only marginally.
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Dr. Sampath Kumar Chavvakula. "Feminism In The Novels Of Anita Desai." Journal of Namibian Studies : History Politics Culture 33 (May 20, 2023): 5462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/jns.v33i.4824.
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Feminism in western nations are epitomized in literature and different books, that is in composed shape however in the east, especially in nations like India, attributable to its oral tradition and more noteworthy lack of education, the effect of these investigations was limited to the urban populace. In any case, as of late, even the rural regions have been secured due to the regularly spreading wing of electronic media. Since the most recent couple of decades, women have been attempting their hands at writings and that too effectively. Anita Desai is a standout amongst other known contemporary women writers of Indian fiction in English. She has picked up qualification in investigating the human psyche and the enthusiastic sentiments of her protagonists. She has included a new dimension and great support to the contemporary Indian English fiction and has a huge place because of her creative topical concerns and arrangements in her fiction with feminine sensibility.
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Zhdanko, Kirill E. "THE ROLE OF FICTIONALITY IN CONSTRUCTING POSSIBLE WORLDS: THE INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE." Научное мнение, no. 1-2 (February 16, 2024): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25807/22224378_2024_1-2_74.
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The article examines the history and development of the concept of possible worlds, originating from G. Leibniz, and fictionality, which is an analytical tool of logic and other branches of philosophy today. The author analyses how attitudes towards fictionality have changed in philosophy and literary criticism, and how this has influenced the emergence of possible worlds as an interdisciplinary problem. Particular attention is paid to the types of fiction that emerged as a result of interdisciplinary dialogue between philosophy and literary studies.
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Tetenova, Mariia Aleksandrovna. "Edgar Allan Poe's journey to Russia: fiction and reality." Litera, no. 6 (June 2024): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70956.
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This study highlights the history of E.A. Poe's work on the Russian literary scene, shedding light on the cultural, historical and editorial factors that determined its existence in Russia in the nineteenth century. In analysing the translations, we have resorted to the study of existing studies on the subject, archival materials of the Russian press, literary criticism etc. The aim of the study was to reconstruct the specific context and the specific conditions under which the work of Poe penetrated into Russia, which would also allow us to illustrate the key role of translators in the presentation of Poe on the Russian, French, and world literary scene. The subject of our study was the special conditions that determined the penetration of Poe's work in Russia. The object of the study was the biographies written by different people in different eras, as well as documents that influenced his image. The main method of the study was a comparative analysis of texts that tell about Poe's life and personality. The main result of the research is the reconstruction of the ‘route’, following which Poe's work came to Russia, as well as the identification of all the key persons, without whom Poe's work would have to wait for its time. The article also contributes to our understanding of the historical and cultural context that determined the appearance of Poe on the Russian literary scene, as well as names the most important writers, researchers and translators who paved the way for Poe to come to Russia. Scientific novelty is provided by creating a synthesis of existing studies on this topic in Russian, French and English, which allows to make the most complete three-dimensional picture and chronology of the existence of Poe's work which also provides theoretical significance of the study.
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Vint, Sherryl. "Science Fiction." Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 74, no. 3 (September 2022): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.56315/pscf9-22vint.
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SCIENCE FICTION by Sherryl Vint. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2021. 224 pages. Paperback; $15.95. ISBN: 9780262539999. *Science Fiction is the story of the romance between fiction and science. The goal of the book is not to define the history or essence of science fiction, but rather to explore what it "can do" (p. 3). How does fiction affect scientific progress? How does it influence which innovations we care about? In the opposite direction, what bearing does science have on the stories that are interesting to writers at a point in time? Science Fiction references hundreds of books to paint a cultural narrative surrounding science fiction. Throughout the book, Vint refers to the fiction as ‘sf' in order to avoid distinctions between science fiction and speculative fiction. The dynamic between science and fiction is a relationship defined by both scientific progress and by forming judgments of the direction of development through a lens of fiction. Fiction is cause and effect; we use fiction to reflect upon changes in the world, and we use fiction to explore making change. *Vint, Professor of Media and Cultural Studies and of English at the University of California, Riverside, gives overviews of different areas of sf. These include some of the most common sf elements, such as utopias and dystopias (chap. 2), as well as relatively recent concerns, such as climate change (chap. 7). Through these questions, she is navigating one question: how does sf engage with the world? It is more complex than the commonly reflected-upon narrative that sf is an inspiration to inventors--it is a relationship moving in both directions and involves value judgments as well as speculation about scientific possibilities. *The book also navigates the attitudes at the root of sf. Vint presents sf as a fundamentally hopeful, perhaps even an optimistic, genre. She describes sf as "equally about frightening nightmares and wondrous dreams" (p. 13). Yet even dystopian stories require hope for a future. Showing the world gone wrong still requires "the seeds of believing that with better choices we might avoid these nightmares" (p. 32). This is certainly true in the discussion of climate change sf. Where nonfiction writing often focuses on the impartial mitigation of disasters, the heart of fiction offers "the possibility to direct continuous change toward an open future that we (re)make" (p. 136). *The most surprising chapter is the penultimate one, focusing on economics (chap. 8). Vint discusses the recent idea of money as a "social technology" (p. 143) and the ways our current economy is increasingly tied to science, including through AI market trading and the rise of Bitcoin. The chapter also focuses on fiction looking at alternative economic systems--how will the presence or absence of scarcity, altered by technology, change the economic system? Answers to this and similar questions have major implications on the stories we tell and the way we seek to structure society. *As Christians, we have stories to help us deal with our experiences in life and our hope for the future. Science Fiction discusses sf as the way that our communities, including the scientific community, process life's challenges and form expectations for the future. We must not only repeat the stories from scripture, but also participate in the formation of the cultural narratives as ambassadors of Christ. While Science Fiction does not discuss the role of religion in storytelling, the discussion of our ambitions and expectations for the future is ripe for a Christian discussion. *Vint describes sf as a navigational tool for the rapid changes occurring in the world. Science Fiction references many titles that illustrate the different roles sf has played at historical points and that continue to form culture narratives. While some pages can feel like a dense list of titles, it is largely a book expressing excitement about the power and indispensability of sf. I would recommend this book for those who want to think about interactions between fiction, science, and culture, or learn about major themes of sf, as well as those interested in broadening the horizons of their sf reading. *Reviewed by Elizabeth Koning, graduate student in the Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.
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Waters, Lindsay. "To Become What One Is." boundary 2 48, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8821510.
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In the twentieth century, criticism flourished in the academy in the English language from the 1930s to the 1960s, but gradually a hyperprofessionalized discourse purporting to be criticism took its place. The problem was exacerbated because people misunderstand literary theory thinking it superior to criticism. Big mistake. Theory proper begins its life as criticism, criticism that has staying power. Central to criticism as Kant argued is judgment. Judgment is based on feeling provoked by the artwork in our encounters with artworks. This essay talks about the author’s encounter with Mary Gaitskill’s novel Veronica. The critical judgment puts the artwork into a milieu. This essay argues the case for the holism of critical judgments versus what the author calls Bitsiness as Usual, the fragmentation of our understanding of our encounters with artworks. The author subjects both Paul de Man and the New Historicists to severe attacks.
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Ziemann, Zofia. "Translator Profile in the Discourse around Translation: Promotion and Reception of the English Translations of the Fiction of Bruno Schulz." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 58 (December 22, 2018): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i58.111682.
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The paper discusses the role of (perceived) translator profile in the current promotion and reception of three competing English translations of fiction by the modernist Polish-Jewish author Bruno Schulz (1892–1942): Celina Wieniewska’s 1963/1978 canonical version, John Curran Davis’s ca. 2005–2010 online fan retranslation, and Madeline Levine’s retranslation, publicized since 2012 and forthcoming in 2018. Based on a para- and extratextual analysis of the discourse around these versions, combined with archive research into translator history, it explores the ways in which the translator’s profile is used to promote the translation and develop or support opinions about it. Wieniewska’s personal background, difficult to access due to the invisibility of the ‘historical’ translator, has been ignored by readers and critics, even though it would help understand her choice of translation strategy and thus make the recent criticism of her translation more informed. Conversely, in the case of Davis and Levine, not only are the retranslators visible to the extent that they actively promote their work themselves, but also judgments are passed, boundaries drawn and distinctions made based on their profiles rather than their performance: their work has been assessed to a large extent without reference to their actual translation choices. The retranslators’ lives – educational background, affiliation, professional experience – all turn out to play a major role in the critical discourse around their work, replacing the reading or, in the extreme case of Levine’s yet unpublished translation, even the very existence of the translated text.
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Ibhawaegbele, Faith O., and J. N. Edokpayi. "Situational Variables in Chimamanda Adichie's and Chinua Achebe's." Matatu 40, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-040001012.
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The use of the English language for literary creation has been the bane of Nigerian literature. Nigeria has a very complex linguistic system; as a result, its citizens communicate either in their indigenous languages or in English, depending on the situation in which they find themselves. The use of English in Nigerian literature in general and prose fiction in particular is influenced by both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. In their attempt to offer solutions to the problems of language in literary expression, Nigerian novelists adapt English to varying linguistic and socio-cultural contexts. This has resulted in experimentation and the employment of various creative-stylistic strategies and devices in prose fiction. Our focus in this essay is on the conditioning influences of situational variables on the language and styles of Nigerian novelists, with Chimamanda Adichie and Chinua Achebe as a case study. We shall examine and explicate how situational variables influence and impose constraints on the language and styles of novelists, and how they adapt English, which is in contact with the various indigenous languages, to the varying local Nigerian situations and experiences.
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Basu, M. "A Matter of Light and Shade: Fiction and Criticism in R. K. Narayan's Malgudi." boundary 2 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-2151857.
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Deepak, T. R. "The Graphic of Identity Exertion in Indian English Fiction." Shanlax International Journal of English 10, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v10i2.4605.
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The whole world has been witnessing speedy advances in the meadow of science, technology, and communication. These advancements have antagonized the cultural issues both at the national and international level. The cultural issues have fashioned an exemplary transference in comprehending the notions of character and identity. Culture is the most imperative ingredient of human animation for refining and nourishing the quality of life. India is a country where an individual is able to visualize the juxtaposition of different cultures, traditions and heritages. These elements have successfully sowed the needs of unity in diversity for the betterment of cultural bonding among the citizens. The ideals of culture are very much bestowed in arts, history, philosophy, language and literature.Literature is an exhibition of human disposition in verbal, non-verbal or written demonstration. Culture is observed as one of the strategic causes in conforming to the archetypes of literature. Many of the writers in Indian English literature have enchanted to epitomize culture as their foremost predicament in their chronicles. Identity of an individual is fabricated on the application of culture in Indian civilization. Change in identities is perceived as the enduring phenomenon of human life. The changed identities of human life are very much shed light in the expositions of Indian English Fiction. Hence, the research paper endeavours to study the graphic of identity exertion in Indian English Fiction within the obtainable charter.
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Gómez López, Susana. "Enthusiasm and Platonic furor in the Origins of Cartesian Science: The Olympian Dreams." Early Science and Medicine 25, no. 5 (November 25, 2020): 507–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-00255p04.
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Abstract In the Olympica, the lost manuscript wherein Descartes described his famous three dreams, he wrote that on the night of Saint Martin in 1619 he felt asleep in a state of enthusiasm. He interpreted the dreams that ensued as the divine revelation of the principles of a new and admirable science. I here propose that the Olympica were a literary fiction devised by Descartes to legitimize his arrival on the philosophical scene by proposing the principles of a new science. The function of dreams as the best way to reach true wisdom is in line with a long philosophical tradition. This paper offers an attempt to understand the Cartesian enthusiasm in its context, that is, before the criticism of enthusiasm as something incompatible with reason became widespread and when it was still linked to the Platonic theory of furor – poetic and divine – the state that allows the subject access to the truth.
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Commissiong, Anand Bertrand. "Where Is the Love? Race, Self-Exile, and a Kind of Reconciliation." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.21.1.2020-06-18.
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Cultivating solidarity or love for community for those systematically abused by the state and its civic community is a longstanding challenge. While the latter should primarily shoulder responsibility for (re)building trust, this article focuses on the abused self-exile’s agency and possible reasons for return. To understand possible motivations for (re)engagement, this article explores the African American expatriate experience rendered in fiction and criticism. It focuses specifically on William Gardner Smith’s The Stone Face and its portrait of the potentialities of Black love as a vehicle of social resurrection and the exercise of political power.
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Garcha, Amanpal. "FORGETTING THACKERAY AND UNMAKING CAREERS." Victorian Literature and Culture 46, no. 2 (May 16, 2018): 531–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150318000128.
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One of the peculiar challengesfacing scholars who wish to write about Thackeray's fiction is locating a dominant critical account to argue against. TheMLA Bibliographycontains a great number of examples of scrupulously argued, compelling research into Thackeray's body of writing, but few if any of them have reached any kind of canonical status as the (or even one of the) interpretive accounts that define how critics understand his fiction. It can seem, for example, that Thackeray is either consciously or unconsciously evaded by many scholars seeking to develop overarching, defining accounts of the nineteenth-century novel. In two works that helped set the terms for decades of critical conversation about nineteenth-century literature –Desire and Domestic Fiction(1987) andThe Novel and the Police(1988) – Nancy Armstrong and D. A. Miller each give at most a passing mention to Thackeray (he shows up four times in Armstong's book; never in Miller's). In their equally influential bodies of criticism, Mary Poovey and Catherine Gallagher provide no sustained – or even fragmentary – treatment of Thackeray's work. Moving into the twenty-first century, one would look in vain for a chapter on Thackeray in Amanda Anderson'sThe Powers of Distance(2001), Sharon Marcus'sBetween Women, and Alex Woloch'sThe One vs the Many(2003) – books that have provided us with key terms, issues, and methods to do our work. (To readers of this journal, it might be not necessary to say the following: Thackeray's fiction includes many illustrations of the phenomena discussed by these works – cosmopolitanism, female-female friendship, and minor characters – so his absence cannot be explained solely on this basis.) And to move backwards from the 1980s, Steven Marcus, J. Hillis Miller, and Raymond Williams produced pioneering analyses of the links between history, ideology, and Victorian literature, but Thackeray's writing played almost no part in their elaboration of those links, with Hillis Miller focusing on Thackeray only in one short essay and one book chapter among his large body of scholarship and Williams omitting him altogether fromThe English Novel from Dickens to Lawrence(1970).
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MIDDLETON, STUART. "THE CONCEPT OF “EXPERIENCE” AND THE MAKING OF THE ENGLISH WORKING CLASS, 1924–1963." Modern Intellectual History 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2015): 179–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244314000596.
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Despite intense scholarly interest in the “Anglo-Marxism” that rose to prominence in Britain from the mid-1950s, its intellectual lineaments and lineages have yet to be fully accounted for. This is particularly the case with the concept of “experience,” which was a central category in the work of two of the most influential figures of the early “New Left” in Britain: Raymond Williams and E. P. Thompson. This essay traces a conceptual history of “experience” from its emergence in Cambridge literary criticism during the 1920s and 1930s, and in the quasi-Marxist literary culture of the 1930s, to the confluence of these two currents in the work of Williams and Thompson. Reassessing the nature of each thinker's engagement with Leavisite literary and cultural criticism, and of Thompson's attempted reformulation of Marxism, it argues that recovering their widely differing usages of “experience” illuminates their distinctive conceptions of “culture” as a site of political action.
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Rampelt, Jason M. "Polity and liturgy in the philosophy of John Wallis." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 72, no. 4 (October 10, 2018): 505–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0027.
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John Wallis, a founding member of the Royal Society, theologian and churchman, participated in the leading ecclesiastical conferences in England from the beginning of the English Civil War to the Restoration. His allegiance across governments, both civil and ecclesiastical, has provoked criticism. Close investigation into his position on key church issues, however, reveals a deeper philosophical unity binding together his natural philosophy, mathematics and views on church polity and liturgy.
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Milosavljevic, Boris. "Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905): Biography, philosophy, reception and criticism." Theoria, Beograd 60, no. 3 (2017): 155–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1703155m.
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Bozidar Knezevic (1862-1905) was a Serbian philosopher of history. His philosophico-historical system is presented in his two-volume Principles of History (Law of Order [succession] in History, 1898; and Proportion in History, 1901). Knezevic was a proponent of Spencerism, the philosophy of the then most popular philosopher, Herbert Spencer. For Knezevic, history, as a positive science, is actually the real philosophy, and the true goal of history is the brotherhood of humankind: ?it remains for scientific history to bind man to man; history is to bind all peoples and all times, to bring them closer to one another and to reconcile them?. He saw global history as an evolutionary ascent to moral and intellectual unification of humankind. Knezevic?s book of aphorisms (on morality, history, religion etc.) The Thoughts (1902) was very popular. He translated writings of Henry Thomas Buckle, Thomas Carlyle and Thomas Babington Macaulay into Serbian. He translated from French, German and Russian as well. Abridged versions of his writings and selected aphorisms are published in English (History, the Anatomy of Time: The Final Phase of Sunlight, translated by George Vid Tomashevich, Sherwood A. Wakeman, Philosophical Library, New York, 1980).
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Menadue, Christopher Benjamin. "Hubbard Bubble, Dianetics Trouble: An Evaluation of the Representations of Dianetics and Scientology in Science Fiction Magazines From 1949 to 1999." SAGE Open 8, no. 4 (October 2018): 215824401880757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244018807572.
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Dianetics was unveiled to the public in the May 1950 edition of Astounding Science Fiction. Dianetics was the brainchild of science fiction author L. Ron Hubbard, and became the foundation for scientology toward the end of the decade. Dianetics was marketed as a “scientific” method for mental improvement—a robust alternative to conventional psychiatry—and was strongly debated in science fiction (sf) magazines. This article follows the trajectory of this cultural phenomenon from 1949 to 1999 as it appeared in this form of popular culture. A proximal reading method was applied to analyze 4,431 magazines, and identified 389 references to dianetics and scientology. References were found in advertising, reader letters, stories, feature articles, and editorials. Significant fluctuations in the prominence and perception of dianetics became clearly visible in the source material across a broad spectrum of content. Negative criticism was present from the outset, and based on logical and scientific arguments. This was countered by obfuscation, or attacks on the authors of these critiques. The followers and promoters of dianetics did not provide scientifically rigorous proof of their claims, and by the mid-1980s, dianetics and scientology were no longer serious topics in the magazines but had been added to other fads and fallacies of sf history. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a digital humanities proximal reading method to underpin objective classification and analysis of this culturally significant phenomenon.
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Vladimirov, Yu V. "«THE MOST BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT IS FLIGHT»." World of Transport and Transportation 15, no. 6 (December 28, 2017): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-6-24.
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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].McCullough David. The Wright Brothers. Trans. from English. Moscow, Alpina Non-Fiction publ., 2017, 338 p. ABSTRACT The book of the twice Pulitzer Prize winner narrates with biographical and historical details about the destiny of two sons of the American Bishop of Ohio who «secretly» built their flying machine. Being owners of a modest bicycle workshop and not having a technical education, they designed and tested the world’s first manned airplane - after making four flights with a man on board in December 1903, their «Flyer» dramatically changed the course of Earth’s history, laid the foundation for the era of aviation technology, airspace of our planet. Keywords: airplane, aviation, Wright brothers, history, biography, dream embodiment.
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Reed, Adam. "Sympathy for Oswald Mosley: Politics of Reading and Historical Resemblance in the Moral Imagination of an English Literary Society." Comparative Studies in Society and History 64, no. 1 (January 2022): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417521000396.
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AbstractThe mid-twentieth-century English novelist, Henry Williamson, wrote nature stories but also romantic and historical fiction, including a fifteen-volume saga that contains a largely favorable characterization of Oswald Mosley, the leader of the British Union of Fascists. This essay considers the challenge of such a fascist character through the prism of the literary imagination of Williamson readers, and more specifically through my longstanding ethnographic work with an English literary society constituted in the author’s name. I am centrally concerned with how literary society members deal with the positive depiction of the Mosley-based character through the stages of the reading process that they identify and describe. Do the immersive values commonly attached to their solitary reading culture, for instance, assist or further problematize that engagement? What role does their subsequent, shared practice of character evaluation play? As well as considering the treatment of characters as objects of sympathy, I explore the vital sympathies that for literary society members tie characters together with historical persons. Across the essay I dialogue with anthropological literature on exemplars, historical commentaries on the fascist cult of leadership, and finally with the philosophical claims that Nussbaum makes for the moral and political consequences of fiction reading.
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Fresán, Rodrigo. "The Sebald Case." boundary 2 47, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8524479.
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In this essay, the author offers a candid discussion of Sebald’s legacy and the flurry of criticism aimed at securing his place in the literary canon. It engages many of Sebald’s signature themes: memory, amnesia, silence, history, and trauma. The author acknowledges Sebald’s masterful blend of language, photography, and archival material, resulting in a uniquely hybrid narrative form falling somewhere between essay and fiction. The essay is critical of Sebald’s most dedicated admirers—not because of any perceived paucity in Sebald’s work, but rather the shortsightedness of the critical machine that is desperately trying to fossilize Sebald as the end point of modern literature.
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Sandberg, Russell. "The Employment Status of Ministers: A Judicial Retcon?" Religion & Human Rights 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-13011152.
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Abstract “Retroactive continuity”, often abbreviated as “retcon”, is a term often used in literary criticism and particularly in relation to science fiction to describe the altering of a previously established historical continuity within a fictional work. To date, however, the concept has not been used in relation to law. Legal judgments often refer to history and include historical accounts of how the law has developed. Such judgments invariably include judicial interpretations of history. On occasions, they may even include a “retconned” interpretation of legal history – a “judicial retcon” – that misrepresents the past and rewrites history to fit the “story” of the law that the judge wants to give. This article explores the usefulness of a concept of a “judicial retcon” by means of a detailed case study concerning whether ministers of religion are employees.
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Raley, Rita. "On Global English and the Transmutation of Postcolonial Studies into “Literature in English”." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 8, no. 1 (March 1999): 51–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.8.1.51.
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What does it signify to speak of a World Literature in English? In what ways might diaspora studies and transnationalism be linked to the contemporary phenomenon of global English, with a mode of comprehending the world that holds English at its center? What can diaspora studies and transnationalism learn from the “language question” frequently raised in discussions of both cultural imperialism and postcolonial writing? What can they learn from the question of globalism now so ubiquitous in contemporary criticism? How does the Literature in English concept relate, on the one hand, to Edouard Glissant's outline of the “liberation” that results from compromising major languages with Creoles (250), and, on the other, to Fredric Jameson's implicit yearning for a philosophical universal linguistic standard not circumvented by linguistic heteroglossia (16-7)? These questions outline the conceptual terrain of this article, in which I read the discursive transmutation of the discipline of Postcolonial Studies into “Literature in English” as both symptom and cause of the emerging visibility of global English as a recognizable disciplinary configuration situated on the line between contemporary culture and the academy. Over the course of this article, I chart this discursive transmutation and its necessary preconditions—the critical investiture in the “global,” the renewed attention to dialects, the abstraction of the “postcolonial”—as a way of articulating profound reservations about the “new universalisms,” of which Literature in English is a primary instance.
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Stachura, Paweł. "Anticipation and Divination of Technological Culture: Dialectic Images of the Internet in Emerson’s Nature." Polish Journal for American Studies, no. 10 (2016) (August 29, 2023): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/pjas.10/2016.09.
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The article presents certain aspects of the Internet (interface design, user behavior, advertising, codes of conduct) as new incarnations of the American pastoralism, defined in terms derived from literary criticism and history of American literature. The rationale of this procedure is provided in terms of “dialectic images,” which are old pieces of imagery that seem to anticipate subsequent technological and social developments. Of particular importance is the set of dialectical images derived from Ralph Waldo Emerson’s writings, and the pastoral descriptions of nature derived from various American poets and fiction writers. Arguably, dialectic images of the Internet offer an opportunity for a better understanding of contemporary development of the Internet, and its possible future.
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JONES-KATZ, GREGORY. "“THE BRIDES OF DECONSTRUCTION AND CRITICISM” AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF FEMINISM IN THE NORTH AMERICAN ACADEMY." Modern Intellectual History 17, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 413–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244318000318.
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“The Brides of Deconstruction and Criticism,” an informal group of feminist literary critics active at Yale University during the 1970s, were inspired by second-wave feminist curriculum, activities, and thought, as well as by the politics of the women's and gay liberation movements, in their effort to intervene into patterns of female effacement and marginalization. By the early 1980s, while helping direct deconstructive reading away from the self-subversiveness of French and English prose and poetry, the Brides made groundbreaking contributions to—and in several cases founded—fields of scholarly inquiry. During the late 1980s, these feminist deconstructionists, having overcome resistance from within Yale's English Department and elsewhere, used their works as social and political acts to help pave the way for the successes of cultural studies in the North American academy. Far from a supplément to what Barbara Johnson boldly called the “Male School,” the Brides of Deconstruction and Criticism arguably were the Yale school. Examining the distinct but interrelated projects of Yale's feminist deconstructive moment and how local and contingent events as well as the national climate, rather than the importation of so-called French theory, informed this moment gives us a clearer rendering of the story of deconstruction.