Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Science fiction cinema'
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1
Wood, Aylish. "Technoscience in the cinema : beyond science fiction." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313246.
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Jones, Matthew William. "The British reception of 1950s science fiction cinema." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-british-reception-of-1950s-science-fiction-cinema(b180c812-ec8b-4369-afe7-97da1bc14890).html.
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Scholarship on 1950s American science fiction cinema has tended to explore the relationship between these films and their domestic contexts of production and reception. They are often characterised as reflections of US anxieties about communism and nuclear technology. However, many such films were exported to Britain where these concerns were articulated and understood differently. The ways in which this different national context of reception shaped British interpretations of American science fiction cinema of this era has not yet been accounted for. Similarly, although some research has addressed 1950s British science fiction, this scholarship has been comparatively concise and has left gaps in our knowledge about the domestic reception of these films. Unable to draw on a British reception history of domestic and US 1950s science fiction cinema, debates about the genre have sometimes been underpinned by the presumption that western audiences responded to these films in a uniform manner. This thesis seeks to complicate our understanding of the genre by suggesting the specificity of the British reception history of science fiction cinema during the 1950s. The paucity of documentary evidence of British responses to 1950s science fiction films makes an audience study impossible. Within the intellectual framework of the New Film History, this thesis instead employs a contextually- activated approach to reception. Making extensive use of archival sources, newsreels, newspapers, magazines and other such documentary evidence, it explores some of the different contexts in which 1950s science fiction cinema was received in Britain and suggests how these factors might have shaped the interpretation of the genre. The thesis examines the interplay between American and British 1950s science fiction cinema and the British public understanding of communism, immigration, nuclear technology and scientific advancement. It contributes to our knowledge of these films by demonstrating that Britons did not necessarily understand 1950s science fiction cinema in the same way as Americans because they were party to a differently inflected series of public debates. It exposes the flexibility of the metaphors utilised by the genre during this period and their susceptibility to reinterpretation in different national contexts. This research makes visible, in a more extensive manner than has yet been accomplished, the specificity of the British reception history of 1950s science fiction cinema, and thereby provides a means to resist assumptions about the similarity of western audiences during this decade. Its conclusions call for further research into other national reception histories of these films, so that they too are not overshadowed by the better known American history of the genre, and into the possibility that the British reception history of other genres might similarly have been obscured.
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Beck, Gregory. "The city in the image of science fiction cinema." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71379.
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Warton, John Phillips. "The aesthetics of destruction in contemporary science fiction cinema." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25992.
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Mass destruction imagery within the science fiction film genre is not a new cinematic development. However, a swell of destruction-centred films has emerged since the proliferation of digital technologies and computer-generated imagery that reflect concerns that extend beyond notions of spectacle. Through illusionistic realism techniques, the aesthetics of mass destruction imagery within science fiction cinema can be seen as appropriating the implied veracity of other film traditions in order to create a baseline of visual credibility, even to the extent of associating its own fantastical fictions with recent historic destruction events. This thesis investigates the representation of mass destruction across the spectrum of contemporary science fiction films emerging from around the world by examining the various methods employed to affect the spectator. The study is divided into four sections: realism, spectacle, sublimity, and correlation. It is structured so as to escalate from the establishment of a baseline of vraisemblance of the spectator’s empirical understanding of the world, to new representations of death and destruction, whereby visual aesthetic correlations emerge between science fiction and historical fact. My study attempts to contribute to the current discourse on science fiction cinema by focusing on the relationship between the aesthetics of realism and spectacle and their impact on spectatorial affect. By re-defining notions of film realism and the cinematic sublime, and through close textual analyses of a number of contemporary science fiction films, the intent of this paper is to present a greater understanding of the complicated inherencies borne by mass destruction spectacle.
5
Taylor, Aaron E. N. "World without end, historicity and the contemporary science fiction cinema." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0034/MQ57688.pdf.
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Taylor, Aaron E. N. (Aaron Edward Nicholas) Carleton University Dissertation Film Studies. "World without end: historicity and the contemporary science fiction cinema." Ottawa, 2000.
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Mather, Philippe. "L'eloignement cognitif : vers une semiologie du cinema de science-fiction." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030125.
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Cette these cherche a determiner les modes d'articulation des concepts d'eloignement et de cognition dans un corpus de six films americains communement decrits comme appartenant au genre de la science-fiction, des points de vue syntaxique, semantique et pragmatique. La cognition represente le contenu de la fiction, et plus precisement la connaissance proposee par le biais d'une experience de la pensee s'inspirant de la methode scientifique, experience fictionnelle qui constitue egalement une reflexion critique sur le referent implicite du monde fictif, soit le contexte social et historique de la genese du texte. Quant a l'eloignement, c'est le parametre formel du genre, qui se manifeste d'abord sur un plan macro-discursif : la sciencefiction propose des mondes eloignes, c'est-a-dire differents du monde du lecteur ; le plan micro-duscursif concerne les effets de defamiliarisation crees par diverses figures de styleThis thesis attempts to determine how the twin concepts of cognition and estrangement are articulated in a group of six american films commonly described as belonging to the sciencefiction genre, from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic points of view. Cognition represents the fiction's content, specifically the knowledge offered by a thought experiment inspired by the scientific method, which also constitutes a critical comment on the implied referent, the social and historical context of the fiction's origin. Estrangement is the genre's formal parameter, which first manifests itself on a macro-discursive level : science-fiction creates estranged worlds, that is to say, different from the reader's world ; the micro-discursive level concerns the defamiliarization created by various stylistic figures
8
Swarbrick, Josephine. "The Monstrous Masculine: Male Metamorphosis in Contemporary Science Fiction Cinema." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672043.
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Aquesta tesi investiga la construcció i representació del monstre masculí en el cinema de ciència ficció contemporani. El monstre masculí en aquest cas és un home que experimenta una metamorfosi que trenca els binaris com, per exemple, masculinitat/feminitat, jo/altre i humà/maquina. Els cinc capítols examinen cince figures de masculinitat monstruosa: el mutant, el ciborg subjugat, el ciborg poderós, l’alienígena i el transhumà. Al cap i a la fi, la tesi pregunta per què els personatges masculins pateixen transformacions profunds, i normalment dolorosos, tan sovint a la gran pantalla.Esta tesis investiga la construcción y la representación de los monstruos masculinos en el cinema de ciencia ficción contemporáneo. El monstruo masculino en este caso es un hombre que experimenta una metamorfosis que resulta en la confusión de las categorías binárias cómo, por ejemplo, masculinidad/feminidad, humano/maquina o yo/otro. Los cinco capítols consideran cinco figuras de monstruos masculinos: el mutante, el cíborg subyugado, el cíborg-villano poderoso, el alienígena y el transhumano. La pregunta central de la tesis es por qué los hombres padecen transformaciones corporeales y psicológicas— y muchas veces dolorosas— tan frecuentamente en la gran pantalla.
This dissertation investigates the construction and representation of the monstrous masculine in contemporary science fiction cinema. That is to say, men who undergo a striking metamorphosis resulting in the blurring of binaries such as masculine/feminine, human/machine and self/other. A close-reading of key films and a consideration of their historical and socio-cultural contexts serves to identify and explore the mechanisms at work in the formation of male monsters as well as examining the growing presence and influence of technology and posthuman ideas in the portrayal of monstrous men. The five chapters consider five recurrent figures of monstrous masculinity: the mutant, the disempowered cyborg, the cyborg super villain, the alien and the transhuman. Ultimately, the thesis addresses the question as to why masculine characters so often undergo profound, often painful, corporeal and psychological transformations.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Teoria de la Literatura i Literatura Comparada
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Haciomeroglu, T. Nihan. "Reconstruction Of Architectural Image In Science Fiction Cinema: A Case Study On New York." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609545/index.pdf.
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This thesis interrogates the interrelation between architecture and science fiction cinema to understand the fictional and representative power of architecture. Since cinema embraces both physical and representative aspects of architecture it is convenient to carry out the research through the mediation
of cinema. To accomplish this goal science fiction genre is particularly chosen where architectural image can break its commonly acknowledged facet and can reconstruct to participate in the narrative. The architectural image is intended to be interpreted through the concept of city and architectural components in science fiction cinema.
To create a mutual language, a world wide known city –
New York City &
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is selected as the case study subject
that the research is developed upon. Initially the study is based on the discussion over cinema architecture relationship from an architect&
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s point of view. Subsequently architectural image in architecture and cinema is studied under several categories. Twenty four science fiction movies with various plots are chosen where all the movies are either located in New York City or in a fictional city inspired by it. By analyzing these movies through architectural concepts it is aimed to gain understanding to key points in architectural design.
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Green, Caroline Ann. ""She has to be controlled" : exploring the action heroine in contemporary science fiction cinema." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3052.
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In this dissertation I explore a number of contemporary science fiction franchises in order to ascertain how the figure of the action heroine has evolved throughout her recent history. There has been a tendency in film criticism to view these strong women as ‘figuratively male’ and therefore not ‘really’ women, which, I argue, is largely due to a reliance on the psychoanalytic paradigms that have dominated feminist film theory since its beginnings. Building on Elisabeth Hills’s work on the character of Ellen Ripley of the Alien series, I explore how notions of ‘becoming’ and the ‘Body without Organs’ proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari can be activated to provide a more positive set of readings of active women on screen. These readings are not limited by discussions of sex or gender, but discuss the body in terms of its increased capacities as it interacts with the world around it. I do not argue for a Deleuzian analysis of cinema as such, because this project is concerned with aspects of representation which did not form part of Deleuze’s philosophy of cinema. Rather I use Deleuze and Guattari’s work to explore alternative ways of reading the active women these franchises present and the benefits they afford. Through these explorations I demonstrate, however, that applying the Deleuzoguattarian ‘method’ is a potentially risky undertaking for feminist theory. Deconstructing notions of ‘being’ and ‘identity’ through the project of becoming may have benefits in terms of addressing ‘woman’ beyond binaristic thought, but it may also have negative consequences. What may be liberating for feminist film theory may be also be destructive. This is because through becoming we destabilise a position from which to address potentially ideologically unsound treatments of women on screen.
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Konstantinidou, Eirini. "Mnemophrenia : a science fiction film-essay on the future of cinema and artificial memories." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7968.
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“What is more real than the thoughts in your mind?”, “Re/structure your memories, re/construct your reality, re/define yourself”. The foundation of my research is about practising theory instead of theorising practice. My project begins with theory, which then leads to the science fiction film Mnemophrenia that constitutes the practical aspect of it. I attempt to demonstrate how theory and practice can be joined to create a fruitful union, each one feeding the other. In my research, I am inspired by Marshall McLuhan’s idea and use the medium as the message in order to depict and explore how cinema can affect human memory and more specifically create artificial memories and thus contribute to the dissolution of any boundaries between reality and fiction. The key research question that Mnemophrenia explores is: what would happen if in a future postmodern society the Bazinian myth of ‘total’ cinema becomes a reality? If ‘total cinema’ is pure realism and cinema can lead to artificial memories, then artificial memories and pure realism become one and films become artificial memories. Mnemophrenia depicts a different kind of human being or species, a schizophrenic ‘cyborg’ changed from within due to the advancement of virtual reality films which signals the end of cinema as we know it today. Mnemophrenia is about the future of cinema and maintains a horizon of hope that could lead to utopia; it does not discard technology as something evil as many previous science fiction films have done. I am interested in depicting through the film and examining in my thesis the possibility of a society where the dissolution of borders between fiction and reality does not lead to horrific consequences for humanity but instead promotes a potential for a new kind of identity that is an amalgam of real and artificial memories.
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Torres, Sandy. "Le monde du film : étude sociologique du cinema de science-fiction comme forme de connaissance du temps." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20069.
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L'étude sociologique des représentations du temps qui émanent du cinéma de science-fiction amène à explorer un domaine empirique encore peu défriché, celui du monde du film situé entre la création et la réception des œuvres. Tel est le défi que tente de relever cette recherche. Les films appartenant à ce genre cinématographique laissent filtrer des valeurs modernes tant au plan des thèmes abordés qu'au plan procédural de la mise en récit et de la mise en images. Notre objectif consiste à identifier les règles du jeu de la mise en scène grâce auxquelles, depuis le début du vingtième siècle, la science-fiction façonne et montre du temps afin d'y déceler les traces d'une rationalité, ou d'une façon de penser, caractéristique de cette phase de la modernité. Notre analyse porte sur quarante-trois films de science-fiction produits entre 1912 et 1993, dont l'intrigue développe la thématique du temps. Au-delà de l'étude des scenarios, c'est la relation entre la représentation cinématographique du temps et un ensemble de connaissances sur le temps qui est en jeu, soit la nature des liens qui se tissent entre l'univers de la fiction et un contexte socioculturel. Notre approche du cinéma cherche à se distinguer des interprétations qui considèrent le film comme un reflet, ou un miroir plus ou moins déformant, de même qu'elle évite de mettre en avant les homologies structurelles qu'il peut entretenir avec la réalité. En fait, tout un jeu d'emprunts et de références est a l'œuvre lors de la mise en scène, impliquant aussi bien la mobilisation que la création de connaissances, de telle sorte que le film est un lieu où s'invente un nouveau monde : le monde du filmBetween the creative process and the reception by the spectators, the main challenge of this thesis is to study the world of film by itself. We seek to understand how, since the beginning of the twentieth century, science fiction shapes and presents knowledge of time intimately related to a modern rationality, or a modern way of thinking. Science fiction cinema is part of modernity, but it renews the knowledges about the modern temporality, transforming them through the representation process. To achieve our goal, we analyze forty three science fiction films produced between 1912 and 1993 and which scenarios are precisely based on a reflexion about time. The interest behind such a study is to clarify the relation between cinematographic representation of time and several orders of knowledge about time; to describe the links woven between the universe of fiction and a sociocultural context. Our approach is designed in such a way that we can avoid to consider film as a reflection, or a mirror more or less faithful to reality, or again as a structural transposition of some aspects of reality. Through films production, different uses of references are made creating a whole new world of meanings which is the world of film
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Araújo, Bruno Eduardo Morais de. "Cinema de ficção científica na escola." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8788.
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The objective of this research is to discuss the inclusion of science fiction movies within the school environment as well as realize the way students relate to these film narratives. Field research was conducted. In it, interviews were applied with teachers and film workshops were made with students, within a state school. The data collected was analyzed in order to understand the observed relations between school, science fiction cinema and educational practices, as well as the way these relationships occur, considering the point of view of teachers and students. These and other issues raised in this paper are addressed in the context of studies of visual culture, which also methodologically guide the paths followed by the survey.
O objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir a inclusão de filmes de ficção científica nas dinâmicas da instituição escolar de educação básica, bem como perceber a maneira como os estudantes se relacionam com essas narrativas fílmicas. Foi desenvolvida pesquisa de campo em contexto escolar da rede pública de ensino em Goiânia. Nela, foram feitas entrevistas com professores e oficinas sobre cinema com os estudantes, dentro de uma escola estadual. Os dados levantados foram analisados a fim de compreender as relações observadas entre escola, cinema de ficção científica e práticas educativas, bem como a maneira como essas relações ocorrem, considerando-se o ponto de vista de professores e estudantes. Essas e outras questões apontadas neste texto são abordadas no contexto dos estudos da cultura visual, que também orientam metodologicamente os caminhos seguidos pela pesquisa.
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Cornea, Christine. "Performing cyborgs." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364752.
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Joseph, Robert Gordon. ""I'm from the Future: You Should Go to China." Looper and the Rise of China in American Science-Fiction Cinema." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1398955613.
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Toker, Gulen. "Understanding And Demonstrating The Contribution Of Objects To The Construction Of The Idea Of Future In Science Fiction Films." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609519/index.pdf.
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The science fiction cinema is often concerned about future, and presents to its audience possible alternatives for it. Each science fiction film about the future constructs a different idea in the audience&rsquos mind and supports a currently existing ideology at the same time. The science fiction genre extrapolates and speculates about future which results in a new world: Aliens, androids or clones become participants of this world, intergalactic federations regulate diplomatic relationships or natural disasters endanger the whole humankind. The indispensable factor in every case is that new objects surround the future. They are extrapolated or speculated as well from the objects of today in order to fit to and satisfy the needs of the future world of the science fiction film. The ideas about the future presented in the film are supported by the material existence of these future objects. This study demonstrates the ideas and ideologies in respect to future in the science fiction cinema and investigates how the future objects contribute to constructing them.
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O'Brien, Rebecca Ann. "WHEN THE INHUMAN BECOMES HUMAN: AN EXAMINATION OF THE MUSICAL PORTRAYAL OF THE ROBOT IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE-FICTION CINEMA THROUGH AN ANALYSIS OF THE FILM SCORES OF AUTOMATA, EX MACHINA, AND THE MACHINE." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/142.
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Science fiction film has been telling stories about artificial anthropomorphic robots and androids for almost a hundred years, spawning films, such as Metropolis (1927), Ghost in the Shell (1951), and Blade Runner (1982). Each of these science-fiction films was complemented by a musical score that helped to create an onscreen world dominated by a dystopian view of the future. Influenced by the generations of prior science-fiction films, Automata (2014), The Machine (2013), and Ex Machina (2015) are all concerned with the same narrative in which humanity is in decline while artificial robots are rising up and experiencing life in a way that humans are no longer capable of doing. These three films were all chosen as exemplars of recent science- fiction films with stories about robots versus humans. Further, this difference between robots and humans is paralleled in the film's musical scores. Humans are represented by depressive musical themes with dull and cold timbres that symbolize how empty they have become. Robots, on the other hand, are represented by bright and lively timbres that symbolize how the robots are living more vibrant lives than humans.
This thesis traces themes for humans and robots through several important moments and tropes in each film: the state of humanity, the first encounter with the robot, the quality of life for robots and humans, and the eventual conflict that erupts between artificial and organic life. This conflict ends with the arrival of a robotic Eve figure, a sole female robot that is set apart by the film score as a special being, the start of a new age that is dominated by robotic life. These films choose to portray female robots and promote the idea of Eve because the female is seen as a mysterious Other to be feared; in the same way, humans fear these female robots because of their Otherness. Analysis and conclusions were achieved through transcription of the film scores, interviews with the film composers, analysis connecting the score to the visual scene, and constructing a historical context that connects the three films to their predecessors.
Future research can expand on these findings by adding more science fiction films to the film pool, examining just how far the musical difference between humans and robots can be traced in film. Unlocking the musical themes assigned to humans and examining how they change over time can reveal how humans perceive themselves, for better or worse. This study is also meant to serve as a gateway for more science fiction films to be studied through their music, as some film's have hidden meanings that can only be understood by examining the music and how it interacts with the visual scene. A study of Automata, The Machine, and Ex Machina manifests how humanity is making way for the robotic Eve and the next stage of evolution for the world.
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Oliveira, Juliano de. "A significação na música de cinema." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27158/tde-23052017-154907/.
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Esta tese analisou os processos de significação na música de cinema tendo como referencial teórico estudos musicológicos com ênfase cognitivista e semiótica, decorrentes da teoria das tópicas musicais, a partir dos trabalhos de Leonard Ratner (1985), Kofi Agawu (1991, 2009), Robert Hatten (1994, 2005, 2014) e Danuta Mirka (2014). A pesquisa se concentrou em dois gêneros cinematográficos, o western e a ficção científica, considerando as práticas musicais a eles relacionadas desde o cinema silencioso, para compreender a formação do inventário associativo que constituiu a base do pensamento tópico no cinema. Ao analisar o inventário musical de cada gênero, observamos que o uso recorrente de figurações e materiais musicais específicos correlacionados a elementos da paradigmática fílmica criou aquilo que denominamos - \"imaginário sonoro do gênero cinematográfico\", que definimos como sendo o conjunto de gestos, musemas, tópicas e sons concretos recorrentes na música do gênero e que contribuíram para a formação de uma identidade musical. A identificação dos elementos constituintes deste imaginário sonoro nos ajudou a compreender a significação musical à luz dos códigos e da mitologia que fundamentam o gênero cinematográfico. Em relação à formação do imaginário sonoro do western e da ficção científica, duas tendências antagônicas ganharam relevância: o papel da tradição folclórica e nacionalista para a identidade da música do western e, por outro lado, a importância das experiências da vanguarda musical para a construção do imaginário sonoro da ficção científica. Os signos musicais que permeiam o imaginário sonoro do gênero cinematográfico se combinam em processos tropológicos e se transmutam para acompanhar os desenvolvimentos técnicos, poéticos, tecnológicos e ideológicos que afetam os campos musical e cinematográfico. Em conjunto com as análises musicais, a teoria da marcação, aplicada ao plano musical por Hatten (1994), nos serviu como profícua ferramenta para a análise das antinomias que orientam grande parte das narrativas cinematográficas. A adoção da teoria da marcação contribuiu para revelar a função da música como alienadora ou -familiarizadora? de elementos da narrativa. Verificamos finalmente a possibilidade de correlação entre o discurso paradigmático das referências tópicas e o eixo sintagmático da forma fílmica.This doctoral dissertation analyzed the processes of musical meaning in cinema using as theoretical fundament musicological studies of cognitivist and semiotic basis that have followed the theory of music topics after the work of Leonard Ratner (1985), Kofi Agawu (1991, 2009), Robert Hatten (1994, 2005, 2014) and Danuta Mirka (2014). The research concentrated in two cinematographic genres, the western and the science fiction, considering musical practices related to them since the silent movies, to understand the formation of an associative inventory that has become the basis of the topical thought in cinema. Analyzing the musical repertoire of each genre, we observe that the recurring use of specific figurations and other musical materials, related to elements of the film paradigms, has created what we called - \"sound imagery of a cinema genre\" . We defined this concept as the set of gestures, musemas, topics and concrete sounds often used in the music of that genre which contributed for the identification of the music with the images and the plot. The identification of the elements of this sound imagery helped us to understand the musical meaning by the perspective of the codes and myths that form the cinematographic genre. In relation to the formation of the sound imagery of the western and the science fiction genres, two antagonist tendencies have emerged, the role of folkloric and nationalistic traditions for the music identity of the western genre and the importance of avant-garde musical experiments for the construction of the science fiction sound imagery. The musical signs that cross the sound imagery of the cinematographic genre blend through tropological processes and transform themselves to follow the technical, poetical, technological and ideological developments that affect the fields of music and cinema. Besides the musical analysis, the markedness theory, applied to music by Hatten (1994), served as useful tool to analyze the role of antinomy that guide many of the cinematographic narratives. The adoption of the makedness theory contributed to reveal how the music alienate or familiarize the elements of the narrative. We also verified a possible correlation between the paradigmatic discourse of the topical references and the syntagmatic axis of the filmic form.
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Duarte, Luciana Teixeira. "Medo e alteridade no cinema de ficção científica: uma análise a partir dos filmes \"O Planeta dos macacos\" e \"Alien - o oitavo passageiro\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100135/tde-20122018-150856/.
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O medo é sinônimo da incerteza, da ignorância frente ao desconhecido. E, assim como argumentado por Bauman (2008), a escuridão não é a causa do perigo, mas é o habitat natural da incerteza - e, portanto, do medo. Na sociedade há inseguranças em praticamente todas as instâncias da vida e o sujeito vivencia o medo constante. Como reflexo dessa sociedade globalizada, baseada na privatização e desregulamentação, a cultura da mídia por vezes figurativiza, representa o tema do medo (de desastres naturais, doenças, desemprego, terrorismo) à imagem de monstros fantásticos, ou contrafactuais. São seres que confrontam nossa identidade e ameaçam a estabilidade social. Ao misturar a fantasia a elementos reais (promovidos pela ciência) o gênero da ficção científica utiliza um cenário futuro para levantar questionamentos sobre a sociedade atual e as relações entre o eu e o outro. A partir dessa discussão, neste estudo utilizamos o universo ficcional de dois filmes que fazem sucesso há mais de quatro décadas unindo terror e ficção científica, para, a partir deles, agrupar teorias e referenciais que possibilitem problematizar a alteridade no gênero da ficção científica e compreender como ela reflete os medos e as ansiedades. Os filmes O planeta dos macacos (1968) e Alien - o oitavo passageiro (1979) foram analisados pela perspectiva de autoras e autores dos Estudos Culturais, como Fredric Jameson, Douglas Kellner e Stuart Hall, além da metodologia de análise fílmica e da semiótica greimasiana. Observamos como conclusão que os seres alienígenas têm mais em comum com a espécie humana do que pensamos num primeiro momento; eles são capazes de aflorar os sentimentos mais obscuros, como a ganância e o ódio; geram insegurança e ameaçam a vida e o bem-estarFear is synonymous with uncertainty, with the ignorance in the face of the unknown. And, as argued by Bauman (2008), darkness is not the cause of danger, but it is the natural habitat of uncertainty - and therefore, fear. In society, there are insecurities in virtually every instance of life and people experiences constant fear. As a reflection of this globalized society, based on privatization and deregulation, media culture is sometimes figurative, representing the theme of fear (natural disasters, illness, unemployment, terrorism) as fantastic or counterfactual monsters. They are beings who confront our identity and threaten social stability. By blending fantasy with real elements (promoted by science), the genre of science fiction uses a future scenario to raise questions about current society and the relationship between self and other. From this discussion, in this study we used the fictional universe of two films that have been successful for more than four decades, uniting terror and science fiction, and, from them, group theories and references that make it possible to problematize the otherness in the genre of science fiction and to understand as it reflects fears and anxieties. The films The Planet of the Apes (1968) and Alien (1979) were analyzed from the perspective of authors of Cultural Studies, such as Fredric Jameson, Douglas Kellner and Stuart Hall, as well as the methodology of film analysis and Greimasian semiotics. We have observed that the alien creatures in the film have more in common with the human species than we might think at first; they are able to surface the most obscure feelings, such as greed and hatred; they can generate insecurity and threaten life and welfare
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Piassi, Luis Paulo de Carvalho. "Contatos: a ficção científica no ensino de ciências em um contexto sociocultural." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-10122007-110755/.
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Este trabalho surgiu de minha experiência pessoal em sala de aula usando ficção científica para lecionar física, astronomia e outros tópicos de ciência. Por aproximadamente quatro anos eu desenvolvi diversas atividades de sala de aula com filmes, romances e contos de ficção científica, empregando-os não apenas para discutir os produtos da ciência - conceitos, leis e fenômenos - mas também os mecanismos da produção do conhecimento científico e a relação entre o trabalho da ciência e o contexto social. A partir destas experiências práticas, investiguei e estudei a respeito da própria ficção científica, como um gênero literário e cinematográfico e empreendi também uma pesquisa sobre as experiências atuais envolvendo a ficção científica em sala de aula. Estes estudos auxiliaram-me a desenvolver instrumentos teóricos de análise para lidar com a ficção científica a partir do ponto de vista do professor de ciência. Tais instrumentos são o conteúdo principal do presente trabalho. Eles foram desenvolvidos a partir da constatação de que as abordagens mais comuns para a ficção científica em aulas de ciências eram baseadas em duas estratégias um tanto ingênuas: a identificação dos erros (ou acertos) conceituais de ciência nas obras de ficção científica ou a discussão dos diversos níveis de distorção em relação a ciência e aos cientistas \"reais\" nelas apresentadas. Assumindo a ficção científica como uma construção empreendida sobre um discurso social a respeito da ciência foi possível tratar tais \"erros\" e \"distorções\" de um outro ponto de vista. Ao invés de distorções, podemos pensar em determinadas posições ideológicas sobre a ciência que podemos identificar tanto na esfera social como nas obras de ficção científica. Na maioria das vezes, tais posições podem ser descritas em termos de polaridades onde cada pólo representa crenças ou descrenças em relação aos papéis da ciência em nossas vidas. Eu nomeei tal análise por pólos temáticos. Em substituição à dicotomia erro/acerto, procurei um critério de análise que pudesse descrever os elementos de uma história de ficção científica (nomeados aqui como elementos contrafactuais) não em termos de uma valoração estrita de sua precisão científica, mas como construtos ficcionais projetados para produzir efeitos literários específicos no leitor. Em tal abordagem, a precisão científica é vista como estando sujeita à lógica do discurso literário e à intencionalidade do autor. Após desenvolver estas ferramentas de análise, retomei minhas experiências anteriores de sala de aula tanto para colocar a análise teórica em um contexto concreto sobre o qual eu poderia falar com segurança quanto - ao mesmo tempo - para apresentar aspectos adicionais não dados do uso da ficção científica em sala de aula. Muitas das atividades de sala de aula descritas se deram antes de eu iniciar este trabalho, assim elas não foram nem uma validação empírica da teoria nem um processo sistemático de coleta de dados. Seus papéis neste trabalho foram os de ilustrar e desenvolver alguns detalhes da análise teórica e mostrar como esta análise pode ser realizada para levar a atividades concretas de sala de aula. Adicionalmente, aspectos específicos dos três gêneros (filmes, romances e contos) de ficção científica usados forma discutidos em função de sua adaptação ao contexto de sala de aula.This work arose from my personal classroom experience in using science fiction to teaching Physics, Astronomy and other Science topics. For about four years I developed several classroom activities with science fiction films, novels and short stories and I used them to discuss not only the products of science - concepts, laws and phenomena - but also the mechanisms of scientific knowledge production and the relationship between science work and social context. From these practical experiences, I investigated and studied about science fiction itself, as a literary and cinema genre and I undertook also a research about present days classroom experiences involving science fiction. These studies helped me to develop theoretical analysis instruments to deal with science fiction from the Science teacher point of view. Such instruments are the present work\'s main content. They were developed from the realization that most common approaches to science fiction in Science classes were based in two somewhat naive strategies: identifying science conceptual errors (or hits) in science fiction works or discussing the several levels of distortions about \"real\" Science and scientists science fiction presented in its stories. Assuming science fiction as a fictional construction built over a social discourse about science was possible to treat such \"errors\" and \"distortions\" for another point of view. Instead of distortions we can think about certain ideological positions about Science we can identify both in social sphere and in science fiction works. Most of times, such positions can be described in terms of polarities where each one of poles represents beliefs or disbeliefs related to the roles of Science in our lives. I named such analysis as thematic poles. In substitution to the hit/error dichotomy, I was looking for analysis criteria that could describe the elements of a science fiction story (named here as counterfactual elements) not in terms of a strict valuation of their scientific accuracy, but as fictional constructs intended for producing specific literary effects in the reader. In such approach, scientific accuracy is seen as being subjected to the literary discourse logics and to author\'s intentionality. After developing these analysis tools, I retrieved my previous classroom experiences both to turn theoretical analysis into a concrete context I could surely speak about and - at same time - to present additional aspects of classroom use of science fiction not given in the theoretical development. Most of described classroom activities occurred before I start this work, so they were neither an empiric validation of the theory nor a systematic data collection process. Their roles in this work were illustrate and develop some details of theoretical analysis and show how this analysis could be performed to lead to concrete classroom activities. Additionally, specific aspects of the three used science fiction genres (movies, novels and short stories) were discussed in view of their adaptation to the classroom context.
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Oliveira, Igor Silva de. "Traficantes e substitutos: representações da telepresença em filmes de ficção científica." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1221.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O estudo tem como proposta analisar a representação da tecnologia da telepresença no cinema de ficção científica contemporâneo. Para isso, foram escolhidos os filmes Sleep Dealer (direção de Alex Rivera, México/Estados Unidos, 2008) e Substitutos (Surrogates, direção de Jonanthan Mostow, Estados Unidos, 2009), selecionados por apresentarem abordagens distintas da telepresença no contexto de suas respectivas fábulas, estabelecendo diálogos e diferenças que ajudam no estudo da relação entre tecnologia, imaginário e cinema. Deve-se observar que o retrato da telepresença, nesses filmes, apresenta a utilização do corpo humano como suporte de tecnologias e seus impactos socioculturais, um cenário que também é representado em outros trabalhos artísticos contemporâneos. O texto elabora a conclusão de que a crescente relevância do corpo humano como interface na telepresença funciona como um significativo modo de compreensão na relação entre arte e tecnologia na atualidade.
The study has the purpose of analyzing the representation of telepresence in contemporary science fiction cinema. For this, the films chosen were Sleep Dealer (Alex Rivera direction, Mexico/USA, 2008) and Surrogates (directed by Jonathan Mostow, United States, 2009), selected for their distinct approaches of telepresence in the context of their respective fables, establishing dialogues and differences that help in the study of the relationship between technology, imagery and movies. It should be noted that the portrait of telepresence, in these films, presents the use of the human body as support of technologies and its socio-cultural impacts, a scenario that is also represented in other contemporary artwork. The text elaborates the conclusion that the increasing relevance of the human body as the interface on the telepresence works as a significant way of understanding the relationship between art and technology today.
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Bowser, Alexander Jon. "Bad pixels challenges of microbudget digital cinema." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4852.
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Bad Pixels is a feature-length, microbudget, digital motion picture, produced, written, and directed by Alexander Jon Bowser as part of the requirements for earning a Master of Fine Arts in Film and Digital Media from the University of Central Florida. The materials contained herein serve as a record of the microbudget filmmaking experience. This thesis documents the challenges confronted by a first-time feature filmmaker; an evaluation of both the theory and application of a dynamic microbudget approach to digital content creation. From script development to digital distribution, the thesis aims to reflect on technical and procedural decisions made and assess their impact on the overall experience and final product.ID: 029810312; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Includes screenplay.; Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.
M.F.A.
Masters
Film
Arts and Humanities
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Ochoa, Echegaray Sergio Gabriel. "La adaptación cinematográfica: Análisis de contenido de guiones de películas de ciencia ficción en el cine de los años 2000." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652356.
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Las adaptaciones cinematográficas están caracterizadas por ser la transformación de un medio de comunicación a otro. Dentro de todos los géneros literarios que dieron el salto a la pantalla grande se encuentra la ciencia ficción. Dicho género, conocido por mezclar relatos fantásticos y conceptos filosóficos con tecnología y sociedades futuristas, ha sabido posicionarse como uno de los más importantes dentro de la cartelera mundial. Este género es importante para la investigación presentada, pues se busca entender las variables analizadas que el texto cinematográfico utiliza en la película y su contraparte literaria. Este trabajo tomó como ejemplos a I, Robot y Children Of Men, por ser ejemplos de procedimientos diferentes de adaptaciones que resultaron en películas importantes en la primera década del siglo XXI. La pregunta que se intentó responder es la siguiente: ¿Cómo realizar el análisis de contenido de un guion adaptado de una obra literaria de ciencia ficción? El modelo de investigación se caracterizó por leer ambos contenidos para poder desglosar las variables del producto adaptado en base a la teoría de Doc Comparato, Julie Sanders y Linda Seger. Tras la investigación realizada, se concluyó en que el análisis de contenido de un texto adaptado de ciencia ficción se logra entendiendo cuál es el procedimiento y tipo de adaptación que se desea lograr, manteniendo el tema central de la obra original. En base a este tema, la historia, los personajes y el estilo pueden ajustarse en base a la propuesta del director o guionista.Film adaptations are known for being the transformation from one communication media to another. Among the literary genres that appeared on the big screen we find science fiction. This genre, known for mixing fantastic stories and philosophical concepts with technology and futuristic societies, has managed to position itself as one of the most important in worldwide box-office. This genre is important for the research presented, as it seeks to understand the analyzed elements that the cinematographic text uses in the film and its literary counterpart. This work took I, Robot and Children Of Men as case studies, since both movies are examples of different adaptation procedures that resulted in important films in the first decade of the 21st century. The question that was tried to answer is the following: How to carry out the content analysis of an adapted screenplay from a literary science fiction book? The research model was characterized by reading both contents to be able to break down the elements of the adaptation based on Doc Comparato, Julie Sanders and Linda Seeger’s theory. After the investigation, it was concluded that the content analysis of a science fiction adapted screenplay is achieved by understanding what is the procedure and type of adaptation to be achieved, maintaining the central theme of the original work. Based on this theme, the story, characters and style can be adjusted based on the director and screenwriter's proposal.
Tesis
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Gonçalves, Ricardo Felipe. "Utopias, ficções e realidades na metrópole pós-industrial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16138/tde-15102014-162051/.
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Ao contrário dos valores explícitos e das motivações pragmáticas da produção arquitetônica, as propostas utópicas envolvem um universo mais introspectivo e imaginário que subverte a realidade na qual são fabricadas, em resposta a sentimentos relevantes que temos diante das cidades que habitamos, muitas vezes conectadas a características espaciais de uma maneira bastante precisa. Estas conexões, embora imaginárias, contribuem para a evolução das ideias que podem iluminar os caminhos da prática arquitetônica. Essas utopias se reverberam ao longo do tempo e sua herança pode ser identificada e assimilada dentro do processo crítico de discussão e concepção da arquitetura, seja de uma maneira visualmente explícita ou conceitualmente sutil. O reconhecimento das arquiteturas utópicas no momento atual constitui um enfoque relevante, já que a cidade contemporânea se apresenta como um cenário de complexas relações sociais heterogêneas, onde os diferentes valores culturais se justapõem no espaço urbano, criando uma multiplicidade de expectativas sobre o mesmo. Este trabalho se concentrará na análise de projetos-manifesto: propostas utópicas, provocativas e especulativas cujas imagens comunicam um universo axiológico intrínseco como reação ao seu contexto histórico e urbano, atuando na construção da ideia de futuro da cidade ou de realidades urbanas alternativas. Na primeira parte, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo reconhecer as utopias urbanas concebidas na modernidade e as distopias reveladas pelo universo cinematográfico, analisando seus aspectos estéticos, conceituais e metodológicos que refletem os valores que são cultuados a partir da metrópole industrial, investigando novos paradigmas e conceitos que contribuem para a reflexão da arquitetura e da cidade. A segunda parte do trabalho tem o intuito de investigar a continuidade ou ruptura desses valores na pós-modernidade e também em projetos contemporâneos, compreendendo a evolução do tema da utopia vinculado à prática arquitetônica na sociedade pós-industrial.Unlike the explicit values and pragmatic motivations of architectural production , utopian proposals involve a more introspective and imaginary universe that subverts the reality in which they were manufactured in response to relevant feelings we have on the cities they inhabit, often connected to quite accurate spatial characteristics. These connections, though imaginary, contribute to the evolution of ideas that can brighten the paths of architectural practice. These utopias reverberate themselves over time and their heritage can be identified and assimilated within the critical process of discussion and design of architecture, either in a visually explicit or a conceptually subtle manner. The recognition of utopian architectures at the present time is a relevant approach, since the contemporary city is presented as a scenario of complex heterogeneous social relations, where different cultural values are juxtaposed in urban space, creating a multiplicity of expectations on it. This work will focus on the analysis of manifesto-projects: utopian, provocative and speculative proposals whose images communicate an axiological universe as an intrinsic reaction to its historical and urban context , working in the construction of the idea of the city\'s urban future or alternative realities . On the first part, this research aims to recognize the urban utopias conceived in modernity and dystopias revealed in the movie universe by analyzing their aesthetic, conceptual and methodological aspects that reflect the values that are worshiped, starting from the industrial metropolis, investigating new paradigms and concepts that contribute to the reflection of the architecture and the city. The second part of the work aims to investigate the continuity or rupture of these values in post modernity and also in contemporary designs, including the evolution of the theme of utopia linked to architectural practice in the post - industrial society.
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Suppia, Alfredo Luiz Paes de Oliveira 1975. "Limite de alerta! Ficção cientifica em atmosfera rarefeita : uma introdução ao estudo da FC no cinema brasileiro e em algumas cinematografias off-Hollywood." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285029.
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Orientador: Jose Mario Ortiz RamosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: ¿A Ficção Científica no Brasil: Um planeta quase desabitado.¿ Esse é o título de um artigo do crítico e escritor Fausto Cunha1, referente à literatura de ficção científica, mas que poderia ser aplicado também à análise do gênero no cinema brasileiro. Na Europa, nos EUA e no Japão, o cinema de ficção científica encontra terreno fértil. Sua relevância estética e econômica é evidente, desde o período mudo, sendo até hoje freqüente objeto de estudo. No Brasil, entretanto, a situação é um pouco diferente, uma vez que a ficção científica cinematográfica tem sido frequentemente encarada como algo ¿fora de lugar¿. Afinal, podemos falar de ficção científica no cinema brasileiro? Esta tese traz uma resposta afirmativa a essa pergunta, muito embora tenhamos de levar em consideração algumas peculiaridades. Ao contrário dos EUA e Europa, o Brasil não tem grande tradição no estudo da ficção científica. Apesar disso, escritores brasileiros de ficção científica têm obtido reconhecimento internacional, e o cinema brasileiro tem tido experiências na produção de filmes do gênero. Por exemplo, manifestações da ficção científica no cinema brasileiro podem ser detectadas em comédias ou chanchadas dos anos 1940/50, distopias ecológicas dos anos 1970/80 e na produção mais recente, da retomada aos dias atuais. Mas por que o cinema brasileiro de ficção científica não tem tido maior desenvolvimento e visibilidade? Esta e outras perguntas serão discutidas neste trabalho, com base em bibliografia geral e especializada, análise fílmica e entrevistas com autores, cineastas e pesquisadores. Em suma, o objetivo desta tese é levantar um novo debate mais detido acerca da ficção científica no cinema brasileiro e demais cinematografias que não a hollywoodiana, apresentando um panorama que busca melhor compreender o passado, presente e futuro de um gênero que insiste em sobreviver numa atmosfera muitas vezes hostil e rarefeita
Abstract: ¿SF in Brazil: A barely inhabited planet¿ is the title of Fausto Cunha¿s essay on Brazilian science fiction literature, and the starting point for this paper, as this approach could be also applied to the study of Brazilian science fiction cinema. In Europe, the United States and Japan, science fiction film has a long history since the early days of cinema, and continues to find fertile ground still today. Its economical and aesthetical relevance is outstanding and widely recognized. However, in Brazil the situation is rather different, and a national science fiction cinema is usually overlooked by film critics and scholars. Then again, can one talk about science fiction in Brazilian cinema? This dissertation brings an affirmative answer to this question, even though considering some particular features. Contrary to the United States and Europe, Brazil does not have a tradition in science fiction studies. Despite this fact, Brazilian science fiction writers have been awarded around the world and Brazilian cinema does have experiences in science fiction film production ¿ for example, from the 1940/50¿s comedies and chanchadas to 1970/80¿s ecological distopias and fin-de-siècle dark comedies. But why has Brazilian science fiction cinema been prevented from further development? This question, among others, will be herein discussed, based on general and specific bibliography, film analysis and interviews with writers, scholars and filmmakers. In sum, the aim of this paper is to raise a new and careful discussion on science fiction in the Brazilian cinema and other off-Hollywood filmographies, outlining a panorama that attempts to better understand the past, present and future of a genre that insists on surviving in a rather hostile and rarefied atmosphere
Doutorado
Doutor em Multimeios
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Fialho, Clinton Davisson. "Sonhos elétricos: uma análise da construção do imaginário do computador pessoal no cinema americano do início dos anos 80." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5895.
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Como reagimos diante de uma nova tecnologia? Como as mídias intermedeiam e influenciam nossa reação com o novo? E como isso se deu em uma cultura tão específica quanto a dos anos de 1980? Esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar como o cinema de Hollywood representou o computador pessoal no início da década de 1980. Dessa forma, tomamos como objeto de estudo o filme Amores Eletrônicos (Electric Dreams, 1983) do diretor Steve Baron. Como metodologia, estabelecemos um método analítico comparativo que estabelece relações entre produções fílmicas que, de formas distintas, ilustram o papel do computador no cinema. O conceito de computador pessoal para os lares e escritórios é uma tecnologia que veio ganhando forma desde os anos de 1970, mas somente em agosto de 1981 foi lançado o IBM PC 5150, considerado o primeiro computador no mercado com preço mais acessível (US$ 1.565) para a classe média norte-americana. Em segunda instância, pretendemos fazer uma análise de como a figura do monstro de Frankenstein, criado pela escritora inglesa Mary Shelley em 1818, continua a exercer sua influência em diversas obras cinematográficas, sempre que estas buscam a representação de um computador. Pretendemos, então, compreender melhor como se criam os mecanismos de construção do imaginário em relação a uma tecnologia nova, por meio da análise de produções cinematográficas que tiveram essa mesma tecnologia como personagem em suas narrativas. Esperamos provar que essa construção do imaginário se dá utilizando elementos pré-existentes no mundo midiático do cinema, da TV e também da literatura. Observamos que ao longo do tempo as narrativas não se perdem, mas convergem em constante mutação para se adaptar a novas realidades estéticas, econômicas, políticas e sociais, porém, sempre mantendo suas características embrionárias.
How does one react before a new technology? How does the media mediate and influence people's reaction to what is new? And how did it happen in such a specific culture as the 1980s? This dissertation aims to analyze how Hollywood cinema represented the personal computer in the early 1980s. Therefore, the object of study here is the movie called Electric Dreams (1983), directed by Steve Baron. As a methodology, a comparative analytical method that establishes relationships between filmic productions which, in different ways, illustrate the role of the computer in the movie, was chosen. The concept of personal computer for homes and offices is a technology started taking shape in the 1970s, but only in August of 1981 was the IBM PC 5150, considered the first computer in the market with affordable price (US$ 1,565) for the American middle class, released. In the second instance, the intention is to analyze how Frankenstein's monster, created by English writer Mary Shelley in 1818, continues to exercise its influence in several movies, whenever a representation of the computer is portrayed in them. Then, the objective is to better understand how the imaginary construction mechanisms are created in relation to new technologies through the analysis of movies that had that same technology as a character in their plots. This work seeks to prove that the construction of the imagery is given using pre-existing elements in the world of movies, TV and the literature. Over time, the stories are not lost, but converging, constantly changing to adapt themselves to new aesthetic, economic, political and social realities, but always keeping their embryonic characteristics.
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Hudspeth, Logan Matthew. "Rulers, Rhetoric, and Ray-Guns: A Post Colonial Look at 90's Alien Invasion Media." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1439.
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This thesis opens discussion on American alien invasion films of the 90s as a self-critique, a reaction to being an imperial power at the end of the Cold War. The alien menace in these films is not the "other" but rather the U.S. itself being the colonizer or conqueror looking to expand its sphere of influence. Furthermore, it discusses how Presidential rhetoric in the films play a role in this postcolonial reading. Specific works studied are: Independence Day (1996), Mars Attacks! (1996), Babylon 5: In the Beginning (1998), and The Puppet Masters (1994).
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Réguant, Frédérique. "La puissance des genres fictionnels de l'imaginaire : sociologie d'une mouvance sociétale." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30027/document.
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Magie, monstres, vampires, héros, les images de l’extraordinaire sont omniprésentes et fascinent le grand public. Des librairies qui ouvrent à minuit pour la sortie du dernier Harry Potter, des cinémas bondés pour le dernier volet du Hobbit, des manifestations culturelles de plus en plus importantes, une forte expansion des jeux de rôles, ne sont autre que les indices sociétaux d’une évolution des nouvelles manières de vivre la quotidienneté, le présent. En constante mutation, ces « genres fictionnels de l’imaginaire », comme nous les nommons, ont pénétré de multiples sphères de la vie des individus. Dans cette perspective, nous nous attacherons à analyser et comprendre l’intérêt des publics pour ces genres, ce qu’ils suscitent, tant au niveau individuel que collectif. Nous nous positionnerons dans le cadre d’une sociologie compréhensive et utiliserons certains éléments de compréhension fournis par la sociologie de l’imaginaire notamment dans ce qu’elle apporte à l’étude du présentéisme et de l’être ensembleMagic, monsters, vampires, heroes, the representations of the extraordinary are pervasive and fascinate the crowd. Bookshops that open at midnight for the release of the last Harry Potter, crowded cinemas for the last movie of the Hobbit trilogy, growing cultural manifestations, role playing games and more, are only symptoms of a societal evolution of new ways to live in our era. In constant mutation, these “fictional literary genres of the imaginary”, as we call them, have penetrated many spheres of people’s lives. In this perspective, we will try to analyze and understand people’s interest for these genres, what they evoke in people’s minds at an individual level and at collective one. We will study this topic in a comprehensive sociology and will use some comprehension elements supplied by the imaginary sociology especially in what it brings to the study of presenteeism
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Ribeiro, Márcio Almeida. "A estética do documentário cinematográfico no cinema contemporâneo de ficção científica: um olhar sobre o filme "Distrito 9" de Neill Blomkamp." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2013. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1861.
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-06The purpose of this work is through an analysis of the feature sci-fi movie District 9, by Neill Blomkamp, investigate the use of documentary aesthetic as the proposed narrative for the film, as well as evaluating the choices of the director from the moment it is necessary to replace the documentary style in favor of a traditional narrative film to benefit the film's plot. This duplicity of styles will also be the object of analysis of this study. It will be presented a brief history of cinema, its principal names, as well as the influence of their work in the development of the film industry. We will identify the characteristics of the documentary, the most important filmmakers of this movement and its influence on the development of other movements in film history.
O propósito deste trabalho é, através de uma análise do longa-metragem de ficção científica Distrito 9, de Neill Blomkamp, investigar a utilização da estética do documentário como proposta narrativa para o filme, bem como avaliar as escolhas do diretor a partir do momento em que é necessário substituir o estilo documentário em prol de uma narrativa cinematográfica tradicional em benefício do enredo do filme. Essa duplicidade de estilos também será objeto de análise deste trabalho. Será apresentada uma breve história do cinema, seus principais nomes, bem como a influência de seu trabalho no desenvolvimento da indústria cinematográfica. Serão identificadas as características do documentário, os cineastas mais importantes desse movimento bem como sua influência no desenvolvimento de outros movimentos na história do cinema.
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Palhares, Edilson Rodrigues. "Fogo fátuo, fogo fatal pré-história e indeterminação na ficção científica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19070.
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This research presents reflections from an anthropological perspective about scientific, social and ethical questions, inherent to what, in popular conception, is by convention the beginning and the end of the civilizatory process. It is used as a system of references, in the first place, the collective imaginary about prehistoric man and, in second place, the uncertainness during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union in the last century. Thus, the selected research objects are science fiction movies (even if at first glance they do not seem to be part of this genre) that permit observing the ambiguous potentialities in the use of fire – the main character of this thesis. Those movies are “Quest for Fire”, from 1981, and “The Day After”, from 1983, being considered the suggestion, implicit in the first movie, that the production of fire in the Paleolithic Period was a significant mark for the separation of the ambits of “culture” and “nature” in man. In this way, “Quest for Fire” is the primary research object. This thesis aims to demonstrate that this movie, though it presents some mistaken conceptions about prehistory, can contribute to science education and publicizing, provided that, to didactic ends, its art is distinguished from science. In this proposition, the second movie is used as reinforcement, due to its historical importance and contemporary set of themes. In the theoretical basis are included Edgar Morin, regarding cinema and Anthropology; Darko Suyin, about science fiction (besides the directors of the two movies); and Gaston Bachelard, about the ambiguity of fire. It must be said that, unexpectedly, the life and work of J.-H. Rosny aîné, author of the novel from which “Quest for Fire” took its argument, became of great value to show how much the science fiction movies, usually underrated as works of intellectual content, can contribute to a better and perennial society
A presente pesquisa apresenta reflexões de cunho antropológico sobre questões científicas, sociais e éticas inerentes ao que se convencionou ser, na concepção popular, o início e o fim do processo civilizatório. Tem-se como referencial, em primeiro plano, o imaginário coletivo sobre o homem pré-histórico e, em segundo, as incertezas durante a Guerra Fria entre Estados Unidos e União Soviética no século passado. Para isso, os objetos de pesquisa selecionados são filmes de cinema do gênero ficção científica (mesmo que à primeira vista não o pareçam) que permitem o recorte sobre as potencialidades ambíguas do uso do fogo – o grande personagem desta tese. No caso, "A Guerra do Fogo", de 1981, e "O Dia Seguinte”, de 1983, levando-se em conta a sugestão, implícita no primeiro, de que a produção do fogo no Paleolítico foi um marco significativo para o distanciamento dos domínios “cultura” e “natureza” no homem. Dessa forma, “A Guerra do Fogo” é o objeto de pesquisa primário. Enseja-se demonstrar que essa produção, apesar de apresentar certas concepções equivocadas sobre a Pré-história, tem a contribuir para a divulgação e educação científica, desde que se diferencie, para fins didáticos, sua arte da ciência. Dentro dessa proposta, o segundo filme é usado como reforço, pela importância histórica e temática contemporânea. Na sustentação teórica, destacam-se Edgar Morin, quanto ao cinema e Antropologia; Darko Suvin, na ficção científica (além dos diretores de ambos os filmes); e Gaston Bachelard, na ambiguidade do fogo. Há de se considerar que, inesperadamente, a vida e a obra de J.-H. Rosny aîné, autor do romance de onde “A Guerra do Fogo” extraiu seu argumento, mostrou-se de grande valor para mostrar o quanto os filmes de ficção científica, normalmente desprezados como obras de conteúdo intelectual, têm a contribuir para uma sociedade melhor, e perene
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Pinto, Alfonso. "Une archéologie du présent. Les espaces urbains dans le cinéma-catastrophe." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN050/document.
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Le but de ce travail est premièrement celui de contribuer à la stabilisation de l’outil cinématographique au sein des études géographiques. En particulier l’attention sera ciblée sur trois possibles manières d’employer le cinéma au sein de la géographie : le cinéma comme représentation de l’espace, comme imaginaire des lieux et enfin comme exemple conceptuel. Dans le détail, la recherche concernera essentiellement les imaginaires des espaces urbains au sein du cinéma-catastrophe, en s’interrogeant notamment sur la capacité de ces films de constituer un nouveau régime de visibilité de l’urbain. Le corpus d’analyse se compose de soixante-deux films, issus pour la plupart du genre de la science-fiction. De ce point de vue, l’idée de départ est celle de conjuguer la dimension temporelle (en particulier les idées de futur) que la science-fiction présuppose, avec la dimension spatiale de l’urbain. La première relation entre cet imaginaire et les réalités urbaines fait suite à une interprétation « crisologique » : ces films contribuent à stabiliser un imaginaire fictionnel qui se nourrit de nombreuses pathologies qui hantent le développement des espaces urbains des derniers cinquante ans. Le dernier point essayera d’élargir la portée des réflexions précédentes. On considère l’imaginaire catastrophiste au sein du Zeitraumgeist (esprit du temps et de l’espace) contemporain. En particulier, l’attention sera portée sur une possible mutation de nos rapports à l’espace et au temps. Dans ce cas, le cadre de référence sera le concept de modernité, analysé en tant qu’expérience spatio-temporelle. La conclusion portera à élaborer l’hypothèse de la « néomodernité », néologisme qui indique les changements internes des rapports au temps (passé, présent et futur) et à l’espace (l’urbain)This research is mainly aimed at giving a contribute to the stabilization of the cinematographic instrument inside geography. It will particularly be focused on three possible ways to use movies within the geographical studies: movies as a representation of space, as imagination of places and, finally, as a conceptual example. The research will essentially be centered on the imagination of urban spaces in the catastrophic movies and particularly on the capability they might have to give urban spaces a new system of visibility. The corpus of the analysis is formed of sixty-two movies, mostly deriving from science fiction.From this perspective, the initial idea is to combine the temporal dimension, which is at the basis of science fiction (especially the ideas of the future) with the spatial dimension personified by urban spaces. The first relation between this imagination and the urban realities feeds on a “crisologic” interpretation: these movies help to stabilize a diegetic universe which is full of several pathologies that have been distressing the urban development for the last 50 years. Conversely, the last point will aim at widening the scope of the previous considerations. The imagination of catastrophes and their increasing success will be included in the contemporary Zeitraumgeist (“spirit of time and space”). I will particularly concentrate on a possible change inside our relation to space and time. In this context, the framework of reference will be the concept of modernity which is here considered, among the many meanings, as an essentially time-space experience. The conclusion will lead to develop the hypothesis of a “neo-modernity”, a neologism that is used to define the inner changes in our way to experiencing time (past, present, future) and the urban space
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Guirau, Marcelo Cizaurre. "Figurações da indefinição: a epistemologia travada de Matrix." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-23012008-112021/.
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Neste trabalho, estudaremos os filmes da trilogia Matrix do ponto de vista da figuração. A análise do tecido narrativo dos filmes objeto desse estudo revela uma série de falhas e inconsistências. Essas falhas expõem alguns dilemas da experiência sob o domínio do capitalismo tardio. As zonas de ambigüidade e indefinição que identificamos em Matrix nos orientaram a pensar essa obra cinematográfica como um esforço cognitivo mal resolvido. Essa é a epistemologia travada de Matrix, que será estudada não como uma simples falha de diagnóstico resultante da falta de lucidez cognitiva dos criadores da série, mas sim como um exemplar significativo da exposição de limites da figuração histórica.In this work, we are going to study the Matrix trilogy from the perspective of figuration. The analysis of the narrative fabric of these movies reveals many failures and inconsistencies. Such failures expose some dilemmas of the experience under the domain of late capitalism. The ambiguity and indetermination zones which we identified in Matrix have led us to think these movies to be an unsolved cognitive effort. This is the jammed epistemology of Matrix, which is going to be analyzed not as a simple diagnosis failure due to the movies\' creator\'s lack of cognitive lucidity, but as a significant example of the exposition of the limits of historical figuration.
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Noboa, Ígor Carastan. "Filmes do fim do mundo: ficção científica e Guerra Fria (1951/1964)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-18102010-153611/.
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Esta dissertação tem como tema quatro filmes do gênero ficção científica, produzidos nos Estados Unidos da América no período do segundo pós-guerra, O Dia em que a Terra Parou (1951), Vampiros de Almas (1956), A Bolha (1958) e Limite de Segurança (1964). Nas sociedades contemporâneas, este gênero se torna relevante como objeto de interpretação do real, representando, interpretando e discutindo o seu contexto histórico e as relações humanas com o desconhecido, propondo formas de organização social e reflexões sobre a natureza da Ciência e Tecnologia. Por meio da leitura crítica dos filmes pode-se compreender o imaginário americano sobre questões referentes às relações internacionais da Guerra Fria e às ameaças internas à sociedade, sem deixar para trás a visão de que estes filmes atingiram diversas sociedades em diversas regiões do mundo e também tratam de questões universais.This dissertation presents four science fiction movies, produced in the United States of America in the second post war period, The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956), The Blob (1958), Fail-Safe (1964). In contemporary societies, this genre becomes relevant as an interpretation of the real, representing, interpreting, and discussing its historical context and the human relationships with the unknown, proposing ways of social organization and reflections about the nature of Science and Technology. By means of critical reading of the movies, the American imaginary regarding the international relations of the Cold War and the internal threats to society can be comprehended, without leaving behind the notion that these movies reach societies in different regions of the world and deal with universal questions.
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Söderström, Jonatan. "The Uncanny Thing : Paranoia and Claustrophobia in The Thing and “Who Goes There?”." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41926.
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This essay examines the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia as elements of horror in John Campbell’s novella “Who Goes There?” (1938) and John Carpenter’s film-adaptation of said novella, called The Thing (1982). The novella and the film utilize the lack of trust and reliability in between the characters as elements of fear as well as supernatural elements in the form of a monster. This essay focuses on the different parts of the story running through both versions, mainly the setting, the characters and the monster, to show how the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia are used throughout these as elements of fear and horror. With the help of Sigmund Freud’s concept of the uncanny, as well as other sources, this essay argues that while the monster plays an important role throughout the story, the threats created by the paranoia and claustrophobia are equal to the monster itself.
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André, Danièle. "Cinéma de science-fiction et sociétés anglophones contemporaines." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030108.
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Le but de cette thèse est de montrer que les films de science-fiction peuvent non seulement nous divertir, mais aussi nous faire réfléchir. Le recul pris nous permettra d'appréhender ce que les films de science-fiction des années quatre-vingt laissent transparaitre des sociétés anglophones contemporaines. L’étude de ces films nous apprend qu'ils reflètent les questions que nous nous posons sur la vie quotidienne. Ils dépeignent un monde contrôlé par des groupes économiques et politiques, et menacé par le pouvoir militaire. Toutefois, les films de science-fiction abordent aussi des inquiétudes plus profondes telles que nos idéaux, nos espoirs et nos peurs. Ainsi, ils montrent clairement l'opposition qui existe entre ce que nous aimerions être et ce que nous sommes, et ils nous permettent de mieux comprendre le rôle joué par la religion et par la science. En outre, ils reflètent l'attitude que nous adoptons envers notre environnement, ce que ce dernier révèle de nous-mêmes, et envers les autres. Ils mettent en évidence les changements survenus dans les relations humaines, et la douteuse progression du statut réservé aux femmes dans la société. De plus, nous comprenons que notre spécificité humaine est aussi ce qui nous rend conscients de notre état de mortel, une destinée que nous ne parvenons pas à accepter. Nous ne devons pas oublier que les films de science-fiction sont un divertissement qui nous permet de rêver et de nous amuser. Cependant, ils nous demandent aussi quelle vie nous aimerions avoir; s'ils évoquent un futur déshumanise, ils nous laissent libres de le transformer en un avenir plus souriantThis thesis aims to show that science fiction films are not only entertaining but that they are also thought-provoking. The benefit of hindsight enables us to appreciate contemporary english speaking societies through the glimpses shown by the science fiction films of the eighties. When we take a second look at them, we realise that they reflect our questioning about our daily life. They depict a world controlled by economic and political groups, and jeopardised by the military. However, science fiction films also deal with deeper worries such as our ideals, our hopes and our fears. Thus they clearly show the opposition between what we would like to be and what we are, and help us to understand better the roles of religion and science. Moreover, the films studied also reflect our behaviour towards our environment, and what it reveals about ourselves, and towards others. They also mirror the changes which have occurred in personal relationships, but also show that women's role in society has not really evolved. Science fiction films of the eighties tell us, somehow, that what makes human beings different from other living beings is also what makes us face our more painful reality, death, and our inability to accept it. We must not forget that science fiction films are an entertainment enabling us to dream and enjoy ourselves. However, science fiction films also ask us which life we would like to lead; they may evoke a dehumanized future, but they set us free to act and turn these pessimistic prospects into better ones
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Lee, Pei-Ying. "Le blanc dans le cinéma de science-fiction." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H318.
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Le blanc dans le cinéma de science-fiction vibre et scintille, comme une invitation à l’interpréter. À travers le blanc se tisse un lien entre des images sans rapports apparents, et ce type de connexion hétérogène sollicite notre regard d’une manière qui se rapproche d’un montage. Ce regard facilite de plus le détachement des figures blanches de leurs objets référentiels, du contexte du film, et même du contexte du cinéma. Dans cette vision en forme de constellation, révélant des forces liées à la construction, à la destruction et à l’incertitude, le blanc au sein du cinéma de science-fiction, de par sa nature hybride et changeante, transgresse fréquemment les lois établies de l’espace-temps. Véhiculant des sensations et des pensées variées, le blanc reflète d’une manière indirecte et fragmentaire son époque et révèle avec subtilité son passé virtuel, lequel se caractérise par une grande richesse. À la fois couleur du degré zéro et couleur intégrale, porteur de mémoire tout autant que de nouveauté, le blanc, en raison de son caractère minimal et illimité, démontre une capacité à se déplacer librement dans le monde de la science-fiction, voire d’errer dans l’univers des imagesThe colour white in the cinema of science fiction vibrates and sparkles, inviting our interpretations. Unrelated images are linked through whiteness in a form of heterogeneous connection that solicits our gaze as a montage. This look also facilitates the detachment of white figures from their reference objects, the context of the film and even the context of cinema. In this vision of a constellation, which reveals the energies of construction, destruction and uncertainty, whiteness in the cinema of science fiction by its hybrid and changing nature easily transgresses the established laws of space-time. Carrying diverse sensations and thoughts, the colour white reflects its era in a manner at once both indirect and fragmentary, discreetly revealing its virtual but rich past. At once the colour of nothingness and integrating all other colours, saturated with memory but new like a newborn, white with its minimal and unlimited character demonstrates an ability to move freely in the world of science-fiction, and even to wander in the universe of images
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Vang, Jens. "Bland gröna gubbar och röda faror : En historisk studie om vanligt förekommande teman i amerikansk science-fictionskräckfilm under McCarthyeran." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74648.
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The following study has its origin and context in the politically polarised McCarthy era of the American history. With the WWII in retrospect, politicians in Western nations quickly acknowledged the potential impact and sphere of influence of popular culture and its ability to form public opinion. During this period attempts were made to censor culture from underlying socialist messages in order to spread and awake support for the government, especially in mainstream Hollywood productions. However, how successful were these attempts and did it actually create a resistance against the censorship’s proclaimers? This study analyses four different Hollywood science fiction films from the 1950’s and argues that the underlying messages were more diverse than previously expected. Some of the productions seemed to endorse the McCarthyist values, whereas others more clearly rejected these sets of values, implicitly claiming they were a highly irrational response to an unstable international situation.
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Medeiros, Theresa Chistina Barbosa de. "O futuro do presente: a m?dia audiovisual e a sociedade contempor?nea na fic??o cient?fica do cinema de anima??o." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16401.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-30This research presents a study that seeks to analyze the images of the future in science fiction movies, specifically those made through animation techniques, exploring particularly the representation of audiovisual communication medias in its dialogue with the approached societies in the movies chosen to be analyzed. The proposed discussion seeks approximations in order to answer to the question that initiated this research: how are we thinking the future nowadays? It also seeks to, according to Morin (1997), comprehend aspects of the contemporary society by using the cinema, and at the same time, to understand the cinema, aided by a social analysis
Essa pesquisa apresenta um estudo que objetiva analisar as imagens do futuro em obras de fic??o cient?fica do cinema de anima??o explorando a tem?tica espec?fica da representa??o das m?dias de comunica??o audiovisuais em seu di?logo com as sociedades retratadas nos filmes escolhidos para an?lise. A discuss?o proposta busca aproxima??es para responder ? pergunta que deu in?cio a esta pesquisa: como, nos dias de hoje, estamos pensando o futuro? Pretende tamb?m, pautada nas discuss?es propostas por Morin (1997), compreender aspectos da sociedade contempor?nea com a ajuda do cinema e, ao mesmo tempo, compreender o cinema, auxiliada por uma an?lise social
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Bastos, Clodoaldo do Nascimento. "Capitalismo e crítica social no filme Blade Runner." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9112.
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In this research we analyze the film Blade Runner and its social criticism related to capitalism; the problem raised here is to answer the question: there is a positioning of the film in relation to capitalism, but what kind of position is this: critical, conservative, revolutionary? We begin the dissertation with a chapter dedicated to theoretical foundation, which is based on Marxism and its critical and totalizing perspective, going against the post-structuralist hegemony with its micro vision of the social. Still in this tuning fork we work with the concept of a regime of accumulation within a theory about the mode of production of capitalist production, in order to understand the historical context of the last decades of the twentieth century. In the warp of the first chapter we also devoted some lines to explaining the sociological theory of cinema used in research, here materialized in the form of a dissertation; including what we consider to be fundamental in a film, which is the film message, where the feelings, interests, political positions, etc., of the team that produces the cinematographic work are expressed. The second chapter is a panoramic flight on the history of the regime of integral accumulation, we start from the concept and then we make a historical-sociological study on the world-wide and American reality of the sixties, seventy and eighty of the twentieth century. In the third chapter we have the analysis of the movie Blade Runner. We start from its realization, from production, and then analyze its social critique of capitalism, in view of a totalizing look at social relations that are in concrete reality and expressed in the film as consumerism, exploitation of labor, individualism, destruction the environment and neoliberalism. All encompassed by a dystopian and pessimistic perspective on capitalism in the age of integral accumulation.
Nesta pesquisa analisamos o filme Blade Runner e sua crítica social relacionada ao capitalismo; o problema levantado aqui é responder a indagação: há um posicionamento do filme em relação ao capitalismo, mas que tipo de posicionamento é esse: crítico, conservador, revolucionário? Começamos a dissertação com um capítulo dedicado a fundamentação teórica, que tem como base o marxismo e sua perspectiva crítica e totalizante, indo na contramão da hegemonia pós-estruturalista, com sua visão micro do social. Ainda nesse diapasão trabalhamos com o conceito de regime de acumulação dentro de uma teoria sobre o modo de produção de produção capitalista, para entendermos o contexto histórico das últimas décadas do século XX. Na urdidura do primeiro capítulo também dedicamos algumas linhas para explanar sobre teoria sociológica do cinema utilizada na pesquisa, aqui materializada em forma de dissertação; mostrando inclusive, o que consideramos fundamental num filme, que é a mensagem fílmica, onde estão expressos os sentimentos, interesses, posicionamentos políticos etc., da equipe produtora da obra cinematográfica. O segundo capítulo é um voo panorâmico sobre a história do regime de acumulação integral, partimos do conceito e depois fazemos um estudo histórico-sociológico sobre a realidade mundial e estadunidense das décadas de sessenta, setenta e oitenta do século XX. Já no terceiro capítulo temos a análise do filme Blade Runner. Partimos da sua realização, da produção, e depois analisamos sua crítica social ao capitalismo, tendo em vista, um olhar totalizante das relações sociais que estão na realidade concreta e expressas no filme como o consumismo, a exploração do trabalho, o individualismo, a destruição do meio ambiente e o neoliberalismo. Tudo englobado por uma perspectiva distópica e pessimista em relação ao capitalismo na era de acumulação integral.
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Bizarro, Maristela Sanches. "A relação humano maquínico no imaginário cinematográfico." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4568.
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This work studies the human-machinic relation in the cinematographic imaginary. It is based on Phenomenology and General Theory of the Signs developed by Charles Sanders Peirce. For our study we choosed three science fiction movies that reflect three moments of the technological innovations that marked the twenty century culture: Industrial Revolution, Electronic Revolution and Digital Culture. Chapter 1 describes main characteristics of science fiction gender and its possibilities of relation human-machinic s representation. Chapter 2 analyses Metrópolis film directed by Fritz Lang in 1926. The film portrays a conception of the machine as something oppressor and external to the human in the Industrial Revolution context. This chapter analyzes the predominance of the Category of Secondness and the indexical character of Metrópolis signs. Chapter 3 analyzes Blade Runner, icon of Electronic Revolution and precursory of Digital Culture. Directed by Ridley Scott in 1982, the film portrays the conception of a fluid relation between the human and the machinic in the android figure. This chapter analyzes the predominance of the Category of Firstness and the iconic character of Blade Runner signs. Chapter 4 analyzes Matrix, directed by Wachowski brothers in 1999. The movie portrays a high level of symbolic interaction between the human and the machinic and makes possible to ask several characteristics of digital culture. This chapter analyzes the predominance of the Category of Thirdness and the symbolic character of Matrix signs.
O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a relação humano-maquínico no imaginário cinematográfico e tem sua fundamentação básica na Fenomenologia e na Teoria Geral dos Signos desenvolvidas por Charles Sanders Peirce. Para nosso estudo selecionamos três filmes de ficção científica que refletem três momentos paradigmáticos das inovações tecnológicas que marcaram fortemente a cultura do século XX: a Revolução Industrial, a Revolução Eletrônica e a Cultura Digital. O capítulo 1 discorre sobre as principais características do gênero ficção científica e suas possibilidades de representação da relação humano-maquínico. O capítulo 2 analisa o filme Metrópolis dirigido por Fritz Lang em 1926, que retrata uma concepção de máquina como algo opressor e exterior ao humano no contexto da Revolução industrial. Este capítulo analisa a predominância da Categoria da Secundidade e o caráter indicial dos signos de Metrópolis. O capítulo 3 analisa Blade Runner, ícone da Revolução Eletrônica e precursor da cultura digital. Dirigido por Ridley Scott em 1982, o filme retrata a concepção de uma relação fluída entre o humano e o maquínico, na figura do andróide. Este capítulo analisa a predominância da Categoria da Primeiridade e o caráter icônico dos signos de Blade Runner. O capítulo 4 analisa Matrix, dirigido pelos irmãos Wachowski em 1999, que retrata um altíssimo nível de interação símbólica entre o humano e o maquínico e possibilita o questionamento de diversos aspectos da cultura digital. Este capítulo analisa a predominância da Categoria da Terceiridade e o caráter simbólico dos signos que compõem os signos de Matrix.
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Lopez, Floriane. "Le simulacre contemporain : corps et identités dans le cinéma de science-fiction." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN1697.
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Le cinéma de science-fiction se nourrit des peurs et des fantasmes de la société : il révèle un inconscient collectif à travers un imaginaire qui lui est propre. À la fin du XXe siècle, ce genre tend à éclairer la fascination et l’effroi suscités par le changement de millénaire. Un concept cristallise les passions affectant une société en pleine mutation : le simulacre. De Platon à Baudrillard, la notion traverse les siècles. Ancrée dans un passé philosophique très dense, elle prend une acuité nouvelle avec l’apparition des nouvelles technologies informatiques et des procédés de simulations virtuelles. Prenant des formes plurielles, le simulacre est au cœur des stratégies esthétiques dans des films comme Abre los ojos, Bienvenue à Gattaca ou Fight Club. À partir d’une filmographie volontairement restreinte, nous analyserons les mises en scène du simulacre en évaluant à la fois leurs singularités et leurs résonances au fil des films. Nous observerons par ailleurs comment la notion permet d’interroger les identités et remet en question la définition de l’homme, à la fois dans son environnement - le réel - et dans ce qu’il a de plus intime - son corpsThe science-fiction develops from the fears and the fantasies of the society: it reveals a collective unconscious through its own imagination. The science-fiction underscores fascination and dread of the new millennium. One concept crystallizes the passions that affect a fast-changing society: it’s the simulacra. From Platon to Baudrillard, the notion travelled through down the ages. Embedded in a philosophical past, it takes a new acuteness with the advent of computer technologies and virtual realities. Based on a filmography voluntarily restricted, we will analyze the direction of simulacrum by assessing both their singularities and echos over films. Moreover, we will observe how the notion questions the identities and the definition of human in its environment - the the real and in the most intimate part: its body
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Marangoni, Melissa. "Ready Player One: The Analysis of Specific Dialogue Translation Problems and Potential Cultural Consequences." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18346/.
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In a world where we find ourselves constantly talking about “the latest Oscar-material movie” and “that new super cool Netflix series”, it is impossible to deny that the entertainment industry is one of the biggest money machines ever created. The global box office revenue is forecast to reach the 50 billion USD mark in 2020 (Statista, 2018) and the global entertainment market size is expected to reach 114.93 billion USD by 2025 (Financial Buzz, 2018). Throughout the years, accessing media products has become increasingly easier (Parrot Analytics, 2018), to the point where we now have an incredibly broad and commercial-free choice of contents at our fingertips (Abend-David, 2014, p. 293). This is especially true for English-speaking countries, but what happens when media products have to be translated and marketed in countries where English is not one of the main languages?
Using Steven Spielberg’s 2018 science fiction adventure movie, Ready Player One (Spielberg, 2018), this study highlights how a cheap and hasty adaption work can heavily affect a media product. This paper also outlines what skills a good translator should have in order to be able to overcome these obstacles.
A simple legitimate question that could arise at this point is “Why is it so important?". Movies are one of the most widespread and influential tools when it comes to cultural transmission (Pavesi, 2012, p. 14). Movies mirror reality and their dialogues carry out the same function they have in real life: they establish and sustain social relationships and play a decisive role in making individuals unique (Pavesi, 2012, p. 9). Movies are not just a way to entertain the audience, but also and above all a way to educate it (Swain, 2013). For all these reasons, everyone should have access to the original media product, regardless of what language they speak.
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Dutra, Daniel Iturvides. "Literatura de ficção-científica no cinema : a transposição para a mídia fílmica de A Máquina do Tempo de H. G. Wells." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/21566.
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Esta dissertação realiza uma análise do livro A Máquina do Tempo, escrito por H.G. Wells em 1895, e sua transposição fílmica homônima realizada por George Pal em 1960 dentro do escopo do gênero ficção-científica. São analisadas as mudanças que foram realizadas no processo de transposição da literatura para o cinema. Este trabalho discute inicialmente as características do gênero ficção-científica na literatura, como o gênero se diferencia de outros gêneros como a literatura fantástica, por exemplo, e quais são os elementos que compõem a identidade do gênero ficção-científica. Em um segundo momento investigamos os problemas que o gênero ficção-científica apresenta quando transposto a mídia cinematográfica. Entre os fatores investigados estão como a verossimilhança funciona na literatura de ficção-científica e como o leitor se relaciona com ela. Também se analisou como o gênero utiliza o conhecimento científico para criar seus universos ficcionais, e as mudanças que os realizadores fílmicos às vezes precisam fazer para tornar o universo literário ficcional aceitável ao espectador em termos de verossimilhança, considerando que o que é verossímil na literatura não é necessariamente verossímil no cinema, especialmente na literatura de ficção-científica, um gênero que possui uma ligação íntima com a ciência e o progresso. Para finalizar essa pesquisa analisa a relação entre o gênero ficção-científica e o cinema no que diz respeito aos problemas que o gênero apresenta ao cinema em termos de tecnologia. Em outras palavras, o gênero literário ficção-científica traz aos realizadores fílmicos problemas e desafios que exigem a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias e técnicas visando resolvê-los.The present work analyzes the book The Time Machine, written by H.G.Wells in 1895, as well as its transposition into a homonymous movie made by George Pal in 1960 as part of the science fiction genre. This work initially discusses the characteristics of the science fiction genre in literature, the way the genre differs from others such as the fantastic literature, for instance, and the fundamental elements of the science fiction genre. It then investigates the problems the science fiction genre presents when transposed to film media. Among the investigated factors are the problem of verisimilitude in science fiction literature and how the reader responds to it. This includes discussing the way the genre uses scientific knowledge to create its fictional universe, and the changes, in terms of verisimilitude, moviemakers need to consider when the fictional literary text is transferred into film. What sometimes is plausible in literature not always seems plausible in movies, especially in regard to science fiction literature, a genre that has a intimacy with science and progress. To conclude, this research analyzes the relation between the science fiction genre and film concerning the challenges the genre presents when transposed into another medium in terms of technology. These challenges require research and the development of new procedures for the cinematographic medium.
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Hougron, Alexandre. "L'altérité dans le cinéma américain de science-fiction : relevé et étude des représentations et des significations de l'autre dans le cinéma américain de science-fiction de 1925 à 1995." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030009.
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Le propos de cette etude est d'etablir un releve des representations de l'alterite dans le cinema de science-fiction americain de 1925 a 1995 et d'en eclairer les motivations et les significations dans une optique anthropologique, culturelle et esthetique. Comme critere central, l'image de l'autre permet d'aborder tous les stereotypes imaginaires de ce cinema (univers futuristes et utopiques, voyages dans l'espace et le temps, extraterrestres, monstres, robots, mutants) et de proceder sur eux a une recherche des sources. L'histoire sociale et politique des etats-unis ou bien la litterature de science-fiction et l'iconographie des pulp magazines font a l'evidence sentir leur influence, mais ce sont les emprunts culturels de ce cinema a l'univers des mythes et des religions (judeo-christianisme) qui, aussi surprenants soient-ils, constituent la decouverte principale de cette etude. Le cinema de science-fiction americain apparait ainsi comme devant etre non seulement defini par le "phenomene science" (il nait avec la revolution industrielle) mais aussi par de nombreuses references "crypto-religieuses", qui constituent une sorte de contrepoids de l'irrationnel a un cadre pseudo-scientifique et technologique. L'ethologie, la psychanalyse et l'etude des phobies apportent enfin leur lumiere a certains elements qu'une approche par le principe de l'impregnation ou du "leg" culturels ne permet pas d'expliquerThis study intends to note down the representations of alterity in the american science fiction movies from 1925 to 1995 and to shed light on their motivations and significations from an anthropological, cultural and aesthetical point of view. As a central criterion, the image of the other allows to tackle all the imaginary stereotypes of those movies (futurist and utopian worlds, travels beyond time and space, extraterrestrials, monsters, robots, mutant people) and to initiate a research of sources on them. The influence of the social and political history of the united states or the science fiction litterature and the iconography of the pulp magazines is of course quite obvious, but the cultural elements that this specific kind of cinema borrows from the dimension of myths and religions (judeo-christianism) stand, as surprising it may be, for the most important result of this study. The american science fiction movies thus appear to be defined not only by the "phenomenon of science" (science fiction is contemporary with the industrial revolution), but also by the numerous "cryptoreligious" references they contain, a sort of irrational counterweight to their pseudo-scientific and technological framework. Ethology, psychoanalysis and the study of phobia can finally clarify remaining aspects that an approach by the cultural imbuing, not to say heritage cannot explain
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Rivière, Nathalie. "Le cinéma américain de science-fiction de 1968 à 2001 : prospective et perspectives." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1474.
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D’où venons-nous ? Qui sommes-nous ? Où allons-nous ? Ces trois questions existentielles sous-tendent le film de Stanley Kubrick, 2001, A Space Odyssey. Ce récit résume un siècle de science-fiction à travers ses thèmes majeurs comme la conquête de l’espace, la recherche d’une intelligence non terrestre, la technologie, la robotisation, le désir de surpasser le créateur qu’il s’agisse de l’homme ou de Dieu lui-même, ou encore la solitude de l’homme face à l’immensité de l’univers. L’homme est le sujet de 2001, A Space Odyssey. De ses origines à son avenir, Kubrick nous montre son évolution. Plus largement, il nous parle de la vie, celle que l’homme pourrait rencontrer dans l’espace, ou celle qui pourrait venir à lui, sur la Terre. 2001, A Space Odyssey, récit moderne, pose ainsi, dès 1968, les fondements de la science-fiction contemporaine. C’est pourtant moins par sa thématique métaphysique que par sa maîtrise cinématographiques et les technologies dont il use que Stanley Kubrick frappe le public et la critique. Il marquera ainsi la génération de cinéastes apparus dans les années 70 parmi lesquels Lucas, Spielberg, Dante, Gilliam ou Cameron, de même que la suivante, celle des années 90, à laquelle appartiennent Del Toro, Niccol, Natali, Jackson, les frères Wachowski. Avec ces cinéastes, c’est aussi l’infographie qui a intégré le cinéma. L’image et l’imagination n’ont désormais plus de limites. Le cinéaste est devenu un infographiste. L’image de synthèse est devenue nécessaire à la pré production comme au financement du film. Influencés par l’oeuvre de Kubrick, les écrivains ont, à leur tour, donné un nouveau souffle à la science-fiction. Avant les années 60, ce que l’on pouvait encore appeler des sous-genres comptaient déjà la fantasy, l’utopie, le space opera et l’anticipation. Dans les années 70, de nouveaux motifs apparaissent parmi lesquels l’écologie, l’informatique, la musique qui vont conduire, dans les années 80-90, à l’éclosion de nouvelles tendances, ou plus exactement de nouvelles mouvances tant elles évoluent, telles que le cyberpunk, le Steampunk, la hard science, la speculative fiction… Mais ce qui apparaît surtout à travers cette étude, c’est que la science-fiction, qu’elle évoque un passé qui aurait pu être, un présent alternatif, ou un futur hypothétique, parle de l’homme, de ses préoccupations, de ses désillusions et de ses espoirs, dans son présent et dans sa réalité.
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Acosta, Aguilar José Rodrigo. "La producción fílmica fe ciencia ficción en el Perú: La visión de la audiencia y los realizadores de cine en el Perú, sobre la carencia de la ciencia ficción como género cinematográfico en el panorama nacional, y cómo esta carencia se relaciona a los discursos preestablecidos sobre el tratamiento de género en nuestro país." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656508.
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La visión de espectadores y cineastas, por igual, en el contexto de la falta de ciencia ficción como género cinematográfico en el Perú, y las teorías detrás de los intereses cinematográficos de los cineastas latinoamericanos.
El presente texto tocará una visión analítica de la problemática de producción en el Perú para un género tan universal como lo es la ciencia ficción, a su vez revisará consecutivamente los pormenores del porvenir contextual de la ciencia ficción como género en el mundo, criterios estilísticos de la misma, definiciones, y consideraciones temáticas, adentrándonos en la historia anecdótica de la ciencia ficción, en Latinoamérica también.
Por último, la investigación reciclará estos conceptos y reflexiones, y permitirá esclarecer algunos patrones en la historia nacional de las producciones de este tipo.The vision of viewers and filmmakers, alike, in the context of the lack of science fiction as a film genre in Peru, and the theories behind Latin American filmmaker cinematographic interests. This text will consecutively provide a greater understanding of science fiction as a cinematographic gender in Peru. It will explain the details of Peruvian science fiction production within the last three decades. My work will explore several characteristics and definitions regarding the true “meaning” of science fiction (and its global conceptions). It will conclude with a few thoughts that will put some light on the matter by discovering the causes and effects of the phenomenon.
Trabajo de investigación
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Lingelser, Julien. "Filmer Venise : Imaginaire et interprétation d'un espace urbain fictionnel." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730648.
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Plusieurs encriers se sont déjà épuisés à écrire sur la Venise des films, mais leurs études étaient avant tout d'ordre historique. Nous tenons compte de cette approche, de cette histoire de l'imaginaire, car nous pensons qu'elle est le passage vers un regard esthétique sur certaines interprétations de l'espace vénitien, tel qu'il est représenté dans le cinéma de fiction. Choisies pour leur éclectisme mais aussi pour leurs éventuelles correspondances, les images de notre corpus filmographique nous entraînent vers une analyse variée de l'espace du plan (le cadre, le champ) et de celui du montage (la " dialectique " des plans). Notre démarche, attachée aussi bien aux rapports spirituels et matériels qu'aux résultats signifiants et inconscients entre le créateur et Venise, retrace la sensibilité perceptible dans chacun des films concernés. Grâce à cette sensibilité, nous voulons mieux connaître les conditions d'une poétique de l'espace vénitien (et urbain) à travers le film, mais aussi le statut de la fiction pour son spectateur. Nous considérons objectivement autant les lieux communs que les visions anti-mythiques de la ville, car la spectacularité, le quotidien et la découverte font tous partie de sa nature. Nous cherchons simplement à comprendre comment les images filmiques et leurs histoires peuvent encore progresser vers une définition plus claire de la " place " de Venise et du cinéma pour chacun de leurs observateurs, pour chacun de leurs auteurs.
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Rodriguez, Nogueira François. "La société totalitaire dans le récit d'anticipation dystopique, de la première moitié du XXè siècle, et sa représentation au cinéma." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN21030/document.
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La tradition utopique a longtemps entretenu le rêve d'une société idéale située dans un ailleurs, un u-- topos, le "lieu qui n'est pas" dans L'Utopie de Thomas More. La représentation de ces utopies est indissociable d'un facteur déterminant pour la construction d'un monde meilleur : le progrès. Ainsi, cette tradition se caractérise par l'accent prométhéen d'une telle entreprise, c'est des mains de l'homme que sera façonnée cette nouvelle société. Cependant, le point de vue sur la possibilité d'une société idéale va progressivement s'infléchir, notamment au cours du XIXe siècle, pour s'inverser d'une manière radicale au début du XXe siècle. Nommée anti-utopie ou contre-utopie, cette désillusion souligne l'impuissance de l'homme et le rôle ambigu du progrès pour inventer la société parfaite. Parfois utilisée comme synonyme d'anti-utopie, la dystopie caractérise plus précisément les textes qui décrivent une société dirigée par un système d?oppression absolu, fondé sur un État omnipotent, et presque toujours organisé scientifiquement. Ainsi, des dysfonctionnements de la cité du futur dans Le Monde tel qu'il sera d'Émile Souvestre, en 1846, à l'État Unique dans Nous autres de Evguéni Zamiatine, écrit en 1920, la dystopie évolue en prenant la forme du récit de science-fiction, et en particulier celle de l'anticipation. Nous verrons, notamment, comment l'utopie prend place dans les oeuvres de Jules Verne et H.G. Wells. Zamiatine, très inspiré par Wells, est le premier grand écrivain du XXe siècle à se servir de la dystopie pour décrire les attributs de la société totalitaire. Ainsi, si notre démarche consiste, dans un premier temps, à désigner les auteurs et textes qui ont participé à l'émergence de la dystopie, notre analyse portera essentiellement sur Nous autres et trois autres romans fondateurs de la dystopie au XXe siècle : Le Meilleur des mondes d'Aldous Huxley, publié en 1932, 1984 de George Orwell, publié en 1948 et Fahrenheit 451 de Ray Bradbury, publié en 1953. Nous étudierons le phénomène totalitaire selon les interprétations qu'en font nos auteurs. Il sera donc question de la collectivisation de l'individu, de la propagande ou du rôle de la science dans l'organisation de la société totalitaire. Mais il s'agira aussi de montrer comment nos dystopies illustrent le combat de l'art contre l'entropie totalitaire, et l'engagement de leurs auteurs dans un véritable discours politique. Enfin, il apparaît essentiel de décrire ce qui apparaît peut-être comme la forme la plus efficace de la représentation de la dystopie : le film de science-fiction. Nous verrons pourquoi le roman dystopique peine de plus en plus à soutenir la comparaison face à l'immédiateté du langage de l'image animéeThe utopian tradition a long time maintained the dream an ideal society located in one elsewhere, a u-topos, the "place which is not" in the Utopia of Thomas More. The representation of these Utopias is indissociable of a determining factor for the construction of a better world: progress. Thus, this tradition is characterized by the Promethean accent of such a company, they are hands of the man who this new society will be worked. However, the point of view on the possibility of an ideal society gradually will inflect, in particular during the 19th century, to be reversed in a radical way at the beginning of the 20th century. Named anti-Utopia or against-Utopia, this disillusion underlines the impotence of the man and the ambiguous role of progress to invent the perfect society. Sometimes used as synonym of anti-Utopia, the dystopia more precisely characterizes the texts which describe a society directed by an absolute system of oppression, based on an omnipotent State, and almost always scientifically organized. Thus, abnormal operations of the city of the future in The World such as it will be of Emile Souvestre, in 1846, in the State Unique in Us of Evgueni Zamiatine, written in 1920, the dystopia evolves by taking the form of the account of science fiction, and in particular that of anticipation. We will see, in particular, how the Utopia takes seat in works of Jules Verne and H.G. Wells. Zamiatine, very inspired by Wells, is the first great writer of the 20th century to be made use of the dystopia to describe the attributes of the totalitarian society. Thus, if our step consists, initially, to appoint the authors and texts which took part in the emergence of the dystopia, our analysis will primarily carry on Us and three other Romance founders of the dystopia at the 20th century: Brave New World of Aldous Huxley, published into 1932, 1984 of George Orwell, published in 1948 and Fahrenheit 451 of Ray Bradbury, published in 1953. We will study the totalitarian phenomenon according to interpretations that make our authors of them. It will be thus a question of the collectivization of the individual, the propaganda or the role of science in the organization of the totalitarian society. But it will also be a question of showing how our dystopies illustrates the combat of art against the totalitarian entropy, and the engagement of their authors in a true political discourse. Lastly, it appears essential to describe what perhaps appears as the most effective form of the representation of the dystopia: the science fiction film. We will see why the novel dystopic sorrow more and more support the comparison face to the immediacy of the language of the moving image
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Achouche, Mehdi. "L'Utopisme technologique dans la science-fiction hollywoodienne, 1982-2010 : transhumanisme, posthumanité et le rêve de "l'homme-machine"." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779615.
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La technologie et le progrès technologique occupent une place centrale dans l'histoire et dans l'imaginaire américain. En même temps que la Révolution Industrielle apparaissent aux États-Unis les premières réelles expressions d'un utopisme technologique loin de se confiner à la littérature ou à la seule fiction - la nation et le monde pourront bientôt être transformés pour le meilleur par la technologie américaine. La science-fiction s'emparera bientôt de l'idée, traduisant aujourd'hui encore un rêve et des valeurs étroitement associés à l'identité et au projet national et reposant au cœur de l'imaginaire du pays. Le techno-utopisme contemporain, s'il s'appuie sur la " convergence NBIC " (Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno), tend cependant à se focaliser sur les transformations du corps humain lui-même. Le mouvement transhumaniste, qui s'attend à une transformation radicale du monde (la Singularité) grâce notamment aux nanotechnologies et aux intelligences artificielles, met ainsi l'accent sur l'impact que pourraient avoir ces technologies, ainsi que les biotechnologies (ingénierie génétique, cellules souches, clonage), sur un corps et une conscience améliorés ou " augmentés ", ainsi que sur l'organisation sociale de demain. Tant est si bien qu'on ne pourrait bientôt plus parler d'humanité mais bien de posthumanité. Le cinéma de science-fiction hollywoodien, en tant que mode d'expression culturel central à la culture américaine moderne, met lui-même en scène et réfléchit ces rêves de sublimation et ces cauchemars de déshumanisation. Les films du corpus (les Tron, RoboCop, Star Trek First Contact et Insurrection, Gattaca, la trilogie Matrix, The 6th Day, The Island, The Surrogates, Terminator IV, les deux Iron Man, Avatar, notamment) proposent leurs propres versions successives des dilemmes liés aux avancées de demain mais aussi à l'interdépendance qui lie déjà les humains à leurs machines. Les acteurs en sont les machines elles-mêmes, ceux qui les contrôlent (le gouvernement fédéral, l'armée, les multinationales), les techno-utopistes et leurs ennemis Luddites, les scientifiques, les ingénieurs et les hackers, mais aussi une humanité fascinée presque malgré elle par la promesse technologique. Si cette dernière est souvent caricaturée, à Hollywood même, en un conflit opposant " technophiles " et " technophobes ", les choses sont, même au cinéma, loin d'être aussi simples, en particulier depuis les années 1980. Et si la libération de l'oppression technologique passait par la technologie elle-même ?
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Bessières, Vivien. "Antiquité et postmodernité : les intertextes gréco-latins dans les arts à récit depuis les années soixante (fiction, théâtre, cinéma, série télévisée, bande dessinée)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00663436.
Full textAbstract:
La postmodernité est peut-être une époque de crise des humanités : depuis les années 60, l'apprentissage du latin et du grec est en chute libre. Les arts n'en continuent pas moins, toutefois, de recourir à la matière antique. Dans les arts à récit, c'est-à-dire à dominante narrative, l'esthétique postmoderne traite moins l'Antiquité comme une source de genres à imiter et adapter, à la manière des classiques, ou comme un ensemble de récits à parodier et transposer, à la façon moderne, que comme un corpus de textes auquel recourir pour pasticher les genres, déconstruire les récits, et notamment les " méta-récits ", les grands récits à message, les idéologies. L'Antiquité gréco-latine y fonctionne soit comme un autre passé, un autre monde, païen, homo-érotique, à opposer au nôtre, soit comme un nôtre passé, impérialiste, sexiste, une origine des " grands récits ", à laquelle remonter pour les déconstruire. Cependant, l'esthétique postmoderne n'englobe pas tout l'art de l'époque postmoderne. Les esthétiques classiques et modernes continuent d'exister pendant cette période. Dans une perspective classique, le péplum, c'est-à-dire l'Antiquité envisagée comme un genre, se déplace du cinéma vers d'autres arts (série télévisée, bande dessinée), se servant de l'espace-temps antique comme moyen d'évasion mais aussi comme matière à réflexion sur le pouvoir, le rapport entre dominants et dominés, centre et marges. La transposition moderne des récits antiques n'en finit pas, elle, de jouer son rôle pour mythifier le quotidien et démythifier l'héroïsme. Autant de manières d'aborder aujourd'hui l'Antiquité, non plus seulement comme ce modèle en crise de la République des Lettres.