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Journal articles on the topic 'Science – atlases'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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1

Ormeling, Ferjan. "New Forms, Concepts, and Structures for European National Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 20 (March 1, 1995): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp20.890.

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After proposing definitions for "atlases," "national atlases," and "electronic atlases," this paper outlines the requirements for electronic national atlases produced in the 1990s. These requirements will then be compared with the actual national atlases produced in Europe between 1988 and 1994.

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2

Atlases, New. "New Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 03 (September 1, 1989): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp03.1162.

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3

New Atlases, Cartographic Collections. "New Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 05 (March 1, 1990): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp05.1130.

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4

New Atlases, Cartographic Collections. "New Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 07 (September 1, 1990): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp07.1102.

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5

Mitin, Ivan. "Critical analysis of existing approaches towards atlases within cultural geography." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 4 (2020): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-147-162.

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Cultural geography is a rather young and not completely institutionalized geographical science in the Russian realm. There are no cultural geographical atlases present in the state of the art, Russian classifications of thematic atlases, though one of the options includes “the atlases of culture”. A series of S.Ya. Suschiy’s atlases of the history of Russian culture and regional historical and cultural atlases may serve as some examples of atlases using the materials of cultural geography. These atlases are rarely original in terms of the means of cartographic visualizations. They are often merely historical or even hardly include any maps being only formally named as atlases while in reality looking like regional encyclopedias. The phonomena of cultural geography have received a certain development among thematic maps of complex atlases. Though the maps of cultural artifacts prevail in this case there are the traditions emerging of mapping cultural heritage and also of cultural geographical regionalization. There are such examples present in the volume “History. Culture” of the National atlas of Russia and also in some thematic products of neighboring disciplines like ethnic, ethnographic and ethnogeographic atlases. However, one can hardly witness any specific for cultural geography mapping means or approaches even in these latter cases. Mental maps could be regarded as potentially prospective trend for creating atlases specifically within cultural geography. In this regard, there is a need to overcome the existing dichotomy of mental maps like graphic means of picturing the human perceptions of their environments and traditional cartographic products focusing on mental representations. The prospect is likely to be focused on the complex cartographic decisions linking spatial representations and certain cultural landscapes.

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6

Ziouche, Abdelmoutaleb, and Khaled Benamieur. "The impact of the digital revolution on the making of digital atlases." مجلة قضايا لغوية | Linguistic Issues Journal 2, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.61850/lij.v2i3.77.

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The openness of linguistics to many disciplines of knowledge, human or experimental, has led to the emergence of new branches in this science, including social, psychological and geographic linguistics , the latter is based on the pairing between linguistics and geography by working to define the places of dialects by means of what are known as linguistic atlases which is considered the most important topic in geographical linguistics. And these atlases have been developing little by little in all parts of the world until digital linguistic atlases appeared, taking advantage of the computer revolution. What is the impact of this revolution on forming and developing atlases linguistic?

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7

Glišović, Jelena, and Žarko Ilić. "Serbian Atlases in the 19th and Early 20th Century." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-119-2021.

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Abstract. Atlases published in the Serbian language in the 19th and early 20th century, with rare exceptions were used as an auxiliary teaching tool in geography and history classes. The aim of this paper is to point out all the atlases that were in use in Serbian schools until the beginning of the First World War. The analysis of the content of the atlases was performed and presented, and as well as the different methodologies used by the authors during the creation of the atlas. The connection between the geography curriculum and the content of the atlas was pointed out, in accordance with the changes in the geography curriculum during the time. In addition to school atlases, the first atlases, made by Jovan Cvijić, will be presented, which aimed to show maps that relate to a clearly defined topic and these were the first such atlases within the framework of Serbian cartography.

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8

Spallek, Waldemar. "Evolution of longitude description system. Example of Polish school geographical atlases (1771–2012)." Polish Cartographical Review 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcr-2017-0013.

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Abstract The evolution of the mathematical foundations of maps in school geographical atlases, especially in 19th and 20th century, was one of the elements of the perception of progress in cartography by the didactics of geography. The biggest changes, ongoing also today, concerned cartographic projections used to maps design. The evolution of the geographical coordinate system is a part of this process and the basis of the theory of cartographic projections. In the paper there are described changes concerning the location of the Prime Meridian and the method of the description of longitude – elements necessary for the construction of the grid of meridians and parallels. These changes are presented on the basis of analysis of 665 atlases, what means all editions of Polish school geographical atlases between 1771 and 2012 identified by the author. The evolution of the mathematical foundations of maps in Polish school atlases over more than two centuries is an example of assimilation of the newest trends and scientific researches that takes place between science and education.

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9

Rystedt, Bengst. "Current Trends in Electronic Atlas Production." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 20 (March 1, 1995): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp20.889.

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Electronic atlases have the potential to add a new dimension to the use of atlas information. An electronic version can contain data and software to produce maps not possible in book form. They can serve as a preliminary stage to Atlas Information Systems and can also form the core of a multimedia system. The ICA commission on national atlases was formed at the 13th International Cartographic Conference in Morelia, Mexico in 1987 to serve as a forum for electronic atlas conception and production. Electronic atlases have been a topic at every commission meeting ever since. The observations presented in this paper are findings from these meetings.

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10

Greenberg, Michael. "Cancer atlases: Uses and limitations." Environmentalist 5, no. 3 (September 1985): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02237607.

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11

Varanka, Dalia. "Editing Early and Historical Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 24 (June 1, 1996): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp24.758.

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12

Lobben, Amy K., and David K. Patton. "Design Guidelines for Digital Atlases." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 44 (March 1, 2003): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp44.515.

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13

Krakovskyi, S., and T. Kurach. "THE EVOLUTION OF VIEWS IN ATLAS CARTOGRAPHY: FROM PAPER ATLAS CONCEPT TO ATLAS PLATFORM." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 78-79 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2021.78-79.9.

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Modern atlas cartography has a number of unsolved problems, among which a special place is occupied by the renewal of the atlas concept and approaches to the atlas development and maintenance of atlases functioning. To study this problem, the article analyzes the evolution of the atlas concept in time and in the context of cartography paradigms. The key elements of the concept of the atlas in the “paper age” were format in the form of books with a certain fixed set of structural elements and a unified layout, atlas as a system of maps, atlas as a model of geosystem, atlas as a tool for storytelling, atlas as a tool for communication information and knowledge, atlas as a research tool. The greatest theoretical contribution to atlas cartography of the pre-computer age was given to G. Mercator and representatives of the model-cognitive paradigm of cartography. It is established that with the advent of electronic atlases in the late 1980s and atlas information systems in the 1990s, the generation of new atlas concepts is carried out in the field of geovisualization and communicative paradigm of cartography, which focused on high-quality visualization of maps (data sets) and communication of information in the form of a “story” or geoportal. It was found that in the late 2000s, atlases began to be transformed into complex information systems (atlas platforms) with a branched atlas infrastructure for multiple creation of atlases of the same type in technical implementation and concept. These innovations are primarily driven by cybercartographers, the Swiss school of cartography and the relational cartography.A number of problems of modern atlas concepts are indicated, including excessive focus on technology and users, as well as ignoring cognitive capabilities of atlases for geosystem research. Further conceptualization of atlases as models of geosystems and a unique class of cartographic information systems are named as priority areas of research.

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14

Morgan, Peter. "Medicine and Art – science and emotion." Journal of EAHIL 15, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32384/jeahil15350.

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As medical librarians and information professionals we are familiar with the role of art in our work, through the atlases that line our bookshelves and the illustrations that routinely appear in both printed and digital literature. Why is this role important? There’s a clue in the familiar aphorism “A picture is worth a thousand words”, which captures the essential truth that art is about communicating information. Since our professional role is also the business of communicating information, there should be obvious benefits for us in studying and understanding how art performs this function.

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15

KA, Bugaevsky. "History of the Evolution of Human Anatomy Textbooks and Atlases, from Antiquity to the Present Day." Journal of Human Anatomy 7, no. 1 (February 20, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jhua-16000166.

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This article presents information, accompanied by many illustrations, thematically about the history and evolution of human anatomy textbooks and atlases, from antiquity to the present day. The textual information of the materials of the study conducted by the author of this article is rich and abundant, with scans-illustrations of many anatomy textbooks and atlases, from different historical periods and by different authors, from many countries of the world - both in black and white and in color. This research work will be the first of a series of similar works of the author, devoted to the history of development and formation of the science of both normal and pathological human anatomy.

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16

Pisco, Angela Oliveira, Bruno Tojo, and Aaron McGeever. "Single-Cell Analysis for Whole-Organism Datasets." Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science 4, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-092820-031008.

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Cell atlases are essential companions to the genome as they elucidate how genes are used in a cell type–specific manner or how the usage of genes changes over the lifetime of an organism. This review explores recent advances in whole-organism single-cell atlases, which enable understanding of cell heterogeneity and tissue and cell fate, both in health and disease. Here we provide an overview of recent efforts to build cell atlases across species and discuss the challenges that the field is currently facing. Moreover, we propose the concept of having a knowledgebase that can scale with the number of experiments and computational approaches and a new feedback loop for development and benchmarking of computational methods that includes contributions from the users. These two aspects are key for community efforts in single-cell biology that will help produce a comprehensive annotated map of cell types and states with unparalleled resolution.

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17

Taylan, Işın. "Early Ottoman Atlases: A New Genre." Imago Mundi 73, no. 2 (July 3, 2021): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2021.1960029.

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18

Black, Jeremy. "Mapping the Past: Historical Atlases." Orbis 47, no. 2 (March 2003): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4387(03)00002-4.

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19

Mulligan, John, Matthew Wettergreen, Ying Jin, Benjamin Rasich, and Isaac Phillips. "The Electronic Vesalius: Embodying Anatomy Atlases." Leonardo 52, no. 1 (February 2019): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01700.

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A multidisciplinary team at Rice University transformed the Texas Medical Center (TMC) Library’s collection of rare anatomy atlases into a physical-digital, human-sized atlas-of-atlases. The Electronic Vesalius installation gives these old books new life, informed by contemporary media theory and the centuries of medical and aesthetic criticism provoked by these multimedia image-texts.

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20

Barry, Roger G., Tiroler Landesregierung, A. Leidlmair, F. Fliri, and W. Kirchhofer. "Climate Atlases for the European Alps." Mountain Research and Development 7, no. 2 (May 1987): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3673315.

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21

Baek, Seung H., Jason E. Smerdon, Sloan Coats, A. Park Williams, Benjamin I. Cook, Edward R. Cook, and Richard Seager. "Precipitation, Temperature, and Teleconnection Signals across the Combined North American, Monsoon Asia, and Old World Drought Atlases." Journal of Climate 30, no. 18 (August 8, 2017): 7141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0766.1.

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Abstract The tree-ring-based North American Drought Atlas (NADA), Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), and Old World Drought Atlas (OWDA) collectively yield a near-hemispheric gridded reconstruction of hydroclimate variability over the last millennium. To test the robustness of the large-scale representation of hydroclimate variability across the drought atlases, the joint expression of seasonal climate variability and teleconnections in the NADA, MADA, and OWDA are compared against two global, observation-based PDSI products. Predominantly positive (negative) correlations are determined between seasonal precipitation (surface air temperature) and collocated tree-ring-based PDSI, with average Pearson’s correlation coefficients increasing in magnitude from boreal winter to summer. For precipitation, these correlations tend to be stronger in the boreal winter and summer when calculated for the observed PDSI record, while remaining similar for temperature. Notwithstanding these differences, the drought atlases robustly express teleconnection patterns associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). These expressions exist in the drought atlas estimates of boreal summer PDSI despite the fact that these modes of climate variability are dominant in boreal winter, with the exception of the AMO. ENSO and NAO teleconnection patterns in the drought atlases are particularly consistent with their well-known dominant expressions in boreal winter and over the OWDA domain, respectively. Collectively, the findings herein confirm that the joint Northern Hemisphere drought atlases robustly reflect large-scale patterns of hydroclimate variability on seasonal to multidecadal time scales over the twentieth century and are likely to provide similarly robust estimates of hydroclimate variability prior to the existence of widespread instrumental data.

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22

Morgan, D. H. "Sky Surveys and Atlases from the Large Schmidt Telescopes." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 148 (1995): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100021837.

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AbstractThis paper describes the major sky surveys carried out with the large Schmidt telescopes and the sky atlases made from them. It also describes some of the science which has come from them and notes the importance of this work in almost every branch of astronomy.

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23

Morrison, Joel. "A Personalized National Atlas of the United States." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 20 (March 1, 1995): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp20.894.

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The U.S. Geological Survey published the National Atlas of the United States of America in 1971. Since then times have changed, and the technological revolution in cartography today makes it mandatory to take a close look at the concept of a national atlas. This paper focuses on two concepts related to national atlases: the popular conception of a national atlas and the notion that a comprehensive national atlas would contain information on the United States that most commercial atlases would not include. Ideas are presented that describe what a future, comprehensive, digitally produced national atlas for the United States (CD-NAUS) might look like.

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24

Asselmeyer-Maluga, Torsten, and Jerzy Król. "Local External/Internal Symmetry of Smooth Manifolds and Lack of Tovariance in Physics." Symmetry 11, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11121429.

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Category theory allows one to treat logic and set theory as internal to certain categories. What is internal to SET is 2-valued logic with classical Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, while for general toposes it is typically intuitionistic logic and set theory. We extend symmetries of smooth manifolds with atlases defined in Set towards atlases with some of their local maps in a topos T . In the case of the Basel topos and R 4 , the local invariance with respect to the corresponding atlases implies exotic smoothness on R 4 . The smoothness structures do not refer directly to Casson handless or handle decompositions, which may be potentially useful for describing the so far merely putative exotic R 4 underlying an exotic S 4 (should it exist). The tovariance principle claims that (physical) theories should be invariant with respect to the choice of topos with natural numbers object and geometric morphisms changing the toposes. We show that the local T -invariance breaks tovariance even in the weaker sense.

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25

Krakovskyi, S., and T. Kurach. "CLASSIFICATION OF INTERACTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE ELECTRONIC ATLAS: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF CREATION." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 82-83 (2022): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2022.82.13.

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In the more than 30-year history of electronic atlases, only two classifications of interactive functions designed directly for the electronic atlas are widely known. In addition, the theoretical aspects of the development of these classifications have been insufficiently covered, which makes it difficult to improve them further. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and methodological basis of creating the classification system of interactive functions of the electronic atlas. To achieve this purpose, four intermediate goals were set: finding out whether it is necessary to create a new classification or refine existing ones; formation of the terminological apparatus of the object of research and classification system; formation of a set of classification objects—interactive functions; development of the methodological basis of the classification system. The place of interactive functions in the system of notions of interactive and atlas cartography was determined, which included consideration of such notions as electronic atlas elements, atlas interaction, electronic atlas representation, electronic atlas interactivity, atlas interaction operator, electronic atlas functionality, and interactive tool. The following basic notions of the interactive functions classification system were established: classification element, classification object, general principle of classifying, and the main feature (basis) of classifying. Essential (interactivity, resultative, visibility, duration, unambiguity) and non-essential (passivity, extensibility) properties of interactive function, its characteristics and varieties are determined. One hundred seventy-nine interactive functions of the electronic atlas have been preliminarily identified, which will be divided into classification groups based on their purpose. The classification will be intended for developers of atlas platforms and authors of electronic atlases. Its development will help solve such tasks as systematization of experience in creating and implementing interactive functions of electronic atlases; evaluation of interactivity and functionality of electronic atlases; review of the theoretical provisions of atlas cartography, finding new interactive functions and connections between existing ones; accelerating the development of electronic atlases by authors-users of the atlas platform; and demonstration of the interactive capabilities of the atlas platform. The research results can be used at the theoretical level of designing the classification of interactive functions not only for the electronic atlas but also for other applications where the classification object is the interactive function. The proposed terminological apparatus may be of interest to the whole of interactive cartography because such general theoretical notions as interactive function, interactivity, and interaction are considered.

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26

Meddour, Mohamed. "A Reading in the Bergstraße Approach to Making the Linguistic Atlas." مجلة قضايا لغوية | Linguistic Issues Journal 2, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.61850/lij.v2i1.29.

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Linguistic atlas is a science that records linguistic phenomena on geographical maps, in order to know their regional positions and characteristics. In light of this, the present study deals with a new science, which is geographical linguistics, that the ancient Arabs had significant contribution in it, to laying out its origins, by their research in the languages of the tribes and their dialects. As for the modern name and the completion of atlases, it is counted for Westerners. This field is increasing with the emergence of digital atlases, and the provision of a database. In this research, we will provide a reading of the German researcher Bergstraße's methodology in making an Arabic atlas, and explain the extent of his contribution to establishing a database that helps researchers to embody their achievements in this field. This researcher has studied the following language levels: the phonemic level, such as the form of pronouncing Kaaf, the level of formulas and pronouns, and the level of vocabulary. He used the descriptive approach, which is an approach based on recording linguistic real events.

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27

del Hoyo, Matías L., and Elias Gabriel Minian. "Classical Invariants for Global Actions and Groupoid Atlases." Applied Categorical Structures 16, no. 6 (November 29, 2007): 689–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10485-007-9113-4.

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28

Liu, Xin-Jun, Jinsong Wang, Feng Gao, and Li-Ping Wang. "Mechanism design of a simplified 6-DOF 6-RUS parallel manipulator." Robotica 20, no. 1 (January 2002): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574701003654.

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This paper concerns the issue of mechanism design of a simplified 6-DOF 6-RUS parallel manipulator. The design of robotic mechanisms, especially for 6-DOF parallel manipulators, is an important and challenging problem in the field of robotics. This paper presents a design method for robotic mechanisms, which is based on the physical model of the solution space. The physical model of the solution space, which can transfer a multi-dimensional problem to a two or three-dimensional one, is a useful tool to obtain all kinds of performance atlases. In this paper, the physical model of the solution space for spatial 6-RUS (R stands for revolute joint, U universal joint and S spherical joint) parallel manipulators is established. The atlases of performances, such as workspace and global conditioning index, are plotted in the physical model of the solution space. The atlases are useful for the mechanism design of the 6-RUS parallel manipulators. The technique used in this paper can be applied to the design of other robots.

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29

Dymon, Ute J. "The Potential of Electronic Atlases for Geographic Education." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 20 (March 1, 1995): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp20.892.

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Available computer technology requires a rethinking of the use of cartographic aids for geographic education. Electronic atlases have the potential to provide a new, exciting medium to promote geographic instruction. They can provide an active, integrative tool to teach geographic concepts and allow processes of higher learning to take place in an innovative, dynamic format. While students are exposed to geographic concepts through electronic atlas use, they also acquire computer skills which will be essential in the twenty-first century.

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30

Dorflinger, Johannes. "Erich Woldan's collection of maps, atlases and globes." Imago Mundi 42, no. 1 (January 1990): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085699008592698.

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31

Subah, Faria Zarin, Kaushik Deb, Pranab Kumar Dhar, and Takeshi Koshiba. "A Deep Learning Approach to Predict Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Multisite Resting-State fMRI." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 18, 2021): 3636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083636.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex and degenerative neuro-developmental disorder. Most of the existing methods utilize functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to detect ASD with a very limited dataset which provides high accuracy but results in poor generalization. To overcome this limitation and to enhance the performance of the automated autism diagnosis model, in this paper, we propose an ASD detection model using functional connectivity features of resting-state fMRI data. Our proposed model utilizes two commonly used brain atlases, Craddock 200 (CC200) and Automated Anatomical Labelling (AAL), and two rarely used atlases Bootstrap Analysis of Stable Clusters (BASC) and Power. A deep neural network (DNN) classifier is used to perform the classification task. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy. The mean accuracy of the proposed model was 88%, whereas the mean accuracy of the state-of-the-art methods ranged from 67% to 85%. The sensitivity, F1-score, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) score of the proposed model were 90%, 87%, and 96%, respectively. Comparative analysis on various scoring strategies show the superiority of BASC atlas over other aforementioned atlases in classifying ASD and control.

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32

Střída, Miroslav. "Fifty Years of Geography at the Academy." Geografie 102, no. 1 (1997): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie1997102010050.

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Geographical issues on the Czech territory have been traditionally researched at universities and since 1950s also at the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and Czech Academy of Sciences. In 1962 four geography departments fused and the Institute of Geography (Czechoslovak Academy of Science) became the focus of Czechoslovak academic geography. Apart from organizational activities the Institute has extensively researched problems of regionalism and environmental issues. As a result of academic transformation in early 1990s the Institute of Geography ceased to exist. Since then its research activities passed partly at universities in Praha and Brno and at the Centre for Environment, Institute of Geonics, Czech Academy of Sciences in Brno. Thus, fifty years of geographical research on academic grounds has brought a number of research reports, publications, maps and atlases - a significant portion of Czech geography in the 20th century.

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33

Wallace, L., W. Livingston, K. Hinkle, and P. Bernath. "Infrared Spectral Atlases of the Sun from NOAO." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 106 (September 1996): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/192333.

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34

Conti, Alfredo, Nicola Maria Gambadauro, Paolo Mantovani, Canio Pietro Picciano, Vittoria Rosetti, Marcello Magnani, Sebastiano Lucerna, Constantin Tuleasca, Pietro Cortelli, and Giulia Giannini. "A Brief History of Stereotactic Atlases: Their Evolution and Importance in Stereotactic Neurosurgery." Brain Sciences 13, no. 5 (May 21, 2023): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050830.

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Following the recent acquisition of unprecedented anatomical details through state-of-the-art neuroimaging, stereotactic procedures such as microelectrode recording (MER) or deep brain stimulation (DBS) can now rely on direct and accurately individualized topographic targeting. Nevertheless, both modern brain atlases derived from appropriate histological techniques involving post-mortem studies of human brain tissue and the methods based on neuroimaging and functional information represent a valuable tool to avoid targeting errors due to imaging artifacts or insufficient anatomical details. Hence, they have thus far been considered a reference guide for functional neurosurgical procedures by neuroscientists and neurosurgeons. In fact, brain atlases, ranging from the ones based on histology and histochemistry to the probabilistic ones grounded on data derived from large clinical databases, are the result of a long and inspiring journey made possible thanks to genial intuitions of great minds in the field of neurosurgery and to the technical advancement of neuroimaging and computational science. The aim of this text is to review the principal characteristics highlighting the milestones of their evolution.

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35

Trainor, Timothy. "A Forward to Electronic Atlases: National and Regional Applications." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 20 (March 1, 1995): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp20.888.

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36

Akerman, James R. "The structuring of political territory in early printed atlases." Imago Mundi 47, no. 1 (January 1995): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085699508592817.

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37

Gillings, Simon, Dawn E. Balmer, Brian J. Caffrey, Iain S. Downie, David W. Gibbons, Peter C. Lack, James B. Reid, J. Tim R. Sharrock, Robert L. Swann, and Robert J. Fuller. "Breeding and wintering bird distributions in Britain and Ireland from citizen science bird atlases." Global Ecology and Biogeography 28, no. 7 (April 15, 2019): 866–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12906.

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Pomeroy, Derek, Herbert Tushabe, and Richard Cowser. "Bird atlases – how useful are they for conservation?" Bird Conservation International 18, S1 (August 7, 2008): S211—S222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270908000397.

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AbstractIn this paper, we argue that bird atlases, and the databases from which they are produced, are becoming increasingly valuable resources – but only in some parts of the world. There is a striking lack of atlases for almost all of the world's species-rich areas, most notably tropical America and tropical Asia. Yet even comparatively modest data sets (we take Uganda as an example) can be used to create an atlas. Further, their data can yield interesting information with clear value for conservation planning. For instance, we can see that Uganda's main savanna parks are quite well-placed in relation to raptor species richness, whilst other species of conservation concern are less well covered. In contrast, the fine-scale data-rich atlas projects in many American and European countries provide detailed information of great value. Taking examples from England, we show some of their uses in planning both for physical developments and for conservation. Repeating atlas projects after an interval of several years highlights changing distributions and, increasingly, changing levels of abundance. We believe that every encouragement should be given to new (and repeat) atlasing projects - but most especially in the tropics.

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Bell, Colin, and Lisa Carlin. "Generation of UK Tidal Stream Atlases from Regularly Gridded Hydrodynamic Modelled Data." Journal of Navigation 51, no. 1 (January 1998): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463397007534.

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Accurate charts of tidal streams are needed in many fields of science and industry. The Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory's numerically modelled hydrodynamic data sets provide a suitable source for the production of such charts. Different methods of producing data in ‘tidal diamond’ format were investigated and the most suitable was selected for implementation over the UK continental shelf.

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Sanroma, Gerard, Guorong Wu, Yaozong Gao, and Dinggang Shen. "Learning to Rank Atlases for Multiple-Atlas Segmentation." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 33, no. 10 (October 2014): 1939–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2014.2327516.

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Artem O., Revyakin. "Usage of reference color atlases and electronic color systems in sensory evaluation of poultry products." Poultry and Chicken Products 25, no. 4 (2022): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30975/2073-4999-2022-24-4-25-27.

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An overview of modern international catalogs (atlases, panels) of colors and digital color systems that can be successfully used for standardization and organoleptic evaluation of products, in particular poultry products, is presented.

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Kent, Robert B. "Homenaje a La Patria: Latin American National Atlases." Latin American Research Review 30, no. 1 (1995): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100017301.

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Chen, Junsheng, Hao Li, Zengxia Pei, Qianwei Huang, Ziwen Yuan, Chaojun Wang, Xiaozhou Liao, Graeme Henkelman, Yuan Chen, and Li Wei. "Catalytic activity atlas of ternary Co–Fe–V metal oxides for the oxygen evolution reaction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 31 (2020): 15951–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta04088f.

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Accurate composition–oxygen evolution reaction performance atlases have been established for a ternary Co–Fe–V oxide system using Prussian blue analogues as precursors, affording Co : Fe : V = 3 : 4 : 3 as the optimal metal ratio.

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Wheeler, Elisabeth A., and Pieter Baas. "Wood Identification -A Review." IAWA Journal 19, no. 3 (1998): 241–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001528.

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Wood identification is of value in a variety of contexts - commercial, forensic, archaeological and paleontological. This paper reviews the basics of wood identification, including the problems associated with different types of materials, lists commonly used microscopic and macroscopic features and recent wood anatomical atlases, discusses types ofkeys (synoptic, dichotomous, and multiple entry), and outlines some work on computer-assisted wood identification.

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Di Giacomo, F., M. Faccini, M. Gargano, A. Gasperini, and V. Zanini. "“LOOK UP!” A VIRTUAL EXHIBITION ABOUT THE HISTORICAL ASTRONOMICAL ATLASES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-M-2-2023 (June 24, 2023): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-m-2-2023-507-2023.

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Abstract. The new technologies are changing every aspect of our life, socially and workwise. In the same way, digital tools are becoming increasingly important to protect, preserve, and valorise cultural heritage. The digitalization of the archive’s documents and ancient books, the realisation of augmented reality apps for museums, or even the creation of virtual realities set in cultural or landscape environments that are protected or not open to visitors, are examples of the use of the new technology in the field of cultural heritage.In this context, the projects “Cosmic Pages” and “Touch the Sky” were developed. One of the main goals of these projects is the realisation of the virtual exhibition “Look up!”. It is an effective virtual tool aimed at enhancing and giving maximum dissemination of the collection of the stellar atlases, cometographies and selenographies preserved in the Observatories of the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics. This virtual exhibit was conceived and realised allowing the visitors to discover, explore, and understand how our knowledge of the cosmos, the Moon and the planets have evolved and changed with the time. Using the most advanced technologies, virtual reality, 3D models, videos etc., visitors can explore the scientific and cultural contents of the stellar and cartographic atlases.

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Strassmeier, K. G., I. Ilyin, and M. Steffen. "PEPSI deep spectra." Astronomy & Astrophysics 612 (April 2018): A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731631.

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Context. Full-disk solar flux spectra can be directly compared to stellar spectra and thereby serve as our most important reference source for, for example stellar chemical abundances, magnetic activity phenomena, radial-velocity signatures or global pulsations. Aim. As part of the first Potsdam Echelle Polarimetric and Spectroscopic Instrument (PEPSI) key-science project, we aim to provide well-exposed and average-combined (viz. deep) high-resolution spectra of representative stellar targets. Such deep spectra contain an overwhelming amount of information, typically much more than what could be analyzed and discussed within a single publication. Therefore, these spectra will be made available in form of (electronic) atlases. The first star in this series of papers is our Sun. It also acts as a system-performance cornerstone. Methods. The Sun was monitored with PEPSI at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Instead of the LBT we used a small robotic solar disk integration (SDI) telescope. The deep spectra in this paper are the results of combining up to ≈100 consecutive exposures per wavelength setting and are compared with other solar flux atlases. Results. Our software for the optimal data extraction and reduction of PEPSI spectra is described and verified with the solar data. Three deep solar flux spectra with a spectral resolution of up to 270 000, a continuous wavelength coverage from 383 nm to 914 nm, and a photon signal to noise ratio (S/N) of between 2000–8000:1 depending on wavelength are presented. Additionally, a time-series of 996 high-cadence spectra in one cross disperser is used to search for intrinsic solar modulations. The wavelength calibration based on Th-Ar exposures and simultaneous Fabry–Pérot combs enables an absolute wavelength solution within 10 m s−1 (rms) with respect to the HARPS laser-comb solar atlas and a relative rms of 1.2 m s−1 for one day. For science demonstration, we redetermined the disk-average solar Li abundance to 1.09 ± 0.04 dex on the basis of 3D NLTE model atmospheres. We detected disk-averaged p-mode RV oscillations with a full amplitude of 47 cm s−1 at 5.5 min. Conclusions. Comparisons with two solar FTS atlases, as well as with the HARPS solar atlas, validate the PEPSI data product. Now, PEPSI/SDI solar-flux spectra are being taken with a sampling of one deep spectrum per day, and are supposed to continue a full magnetic cycle of the Sun.

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Malkhazova, Svetlana, Tatiana Kotova, Nadezhda Leonova, and Inessa Miklyaeva. "Medicinal plants in atlas mapping." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 3 (2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-3-26-17-25.

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Medicinal plants are an important natural resource of the country, used for medicine and healthcare needs. Cartographic study of the natural resource potential of medicinal plants remains an actual proposal for contemporary ecological geographical and resource researches. The paper concerns the state of medicinal plants mapping in our country, specifics of cartographical display and description. More than 30 scientific reference, popular science complex and special federal and regional atlases including maps of medicinal plants have been published during 1964–2014 period in Russia. Medicinal plants distribution is most fully displayed in the “Atlas of natural ranges and resources of medicinal plants of the USSR”. The Atlas contains about 180 maps of ranges for 234 plants species. Contemporary atlases are represented by the National Atlas of Arctic [2017] and the Medical-Geographical atlas of Russia “Healing springs and plants” [2019] created by scientists of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (the Faculty of Geography). The last atlas contains ranges of officinal plants, permitted by the RF Ministry of Healthcare for usage by scientific medicine. This atlas contains 37 maps of 72 plants’ species (1 : 30 000 000) at the background of the Map of Zones and Altitudinal Types of Vegetation of Russia. This atlas is the first popular science publication containing comprehensive information about state and distribution of officinal plants species, about problems of their use and protection accompanied by physiographic, climatic, biogeographical, medical-geographical maps.

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Pleshkov, Aleksei, and Jan Surman. "Book reviews in the history of knowledge." Studia Historiae Scientiarum 20 (September 13, 2021): 629–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543702xshs.21.018.14049.

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Academic reviewing, one of the communal academic practices, is a vital genre, in which epistemic virtues have been cultivated. In our article, we discuss reviews as a form of institutionalized critique, which historians could use to trace the changing epistemic virtues within humanities. We propose to use them analogously to Lorraine Daston’s and Peter Galison’s treatment of atlases in their seminal work Objectivity as a marker of changing epistemic virtues in natural sciences and medicine. Based on Aristotle’s virtue theory and its neo-Aristotelian interpretation in the second half of the 20th century, as well as on its most recent applications in the field of history and philosophy of science, we propose a general conceptual framework for analyzing reviews in their historical dimension. Besides, we contend that the analysis of reviews should be carried out taking into account their historical context of social, political, cultural and media-environment. Otherwise, one may risks presupposing the existence of an autonomous, disconnected community of scholars.

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Boumaiza, Kater elnnada. "Linguistic atlases between the modernity of the term and its origins in the Arab heritage." مجلة قضايا لغوية | Linguistic Issues Journal 2, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.61850/lij.v2i3.91.

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In Our search for the sani atlas; we discussed the modern tern with its origins in arab criticism ; where It deals with modern scince that links language and geographical region and highlights seeds were in the geology that focused on the relation between the phenomenon the language and its spread in a certain geographical area ; although this science did not reach its becomes a moden lesson for western monetary who studied the language science. The seeds of research in geographical linguistics focused on the relationship between the linguistic phenomenon and the extent of its spread in a specific geographical area. Although this science did not reach its peak in ancient Arabic criticism, there are roots of beginnings that cannot be denied before it becomes a modern linguistic lesson of Western origin.

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Ruffins, Seth W., Melanie Martin, Lindsey Keough, Salina Truong, Scott E. Fraser, Russell E. Jacobs, and Rusty Lansford. "Digital Three-Dimensional Atlas of Quail Development Using High-Resolution MRI." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 592–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.125.

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We present an archetypal set of three-dimensional digital atlases of the quail embryo based on microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI). The atlases are composed of three modules: (1) images of fixedex ovoquail, ranging in age from embryonic day 5 to 10 (e05 to e10); (2) a coarsely delineated anatomical atlas of the μMRI data; and (3) an organ system-based hierarchical graph linked to the anatomical delineations. The atlas is designed to be accessed using SHIVA, a free Java application. The atlas is extensible and can contain other types of information including anatomical, physiological, and functional descriptors. It can also be linked to online resources and references. This digital atlas provides a framework to place various data types, such as gene expression and cell migration data, within the normal three-dimensional anatomy of the developing quail embryo. This provides a method for the analysis and examination of the spatial relationships among the different types of information within the context of the entire embryo.

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