Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sciatic nerve'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sciatic nerve.

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sciatic nerve.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Wood, Ryan LaVar. "Nerve Regeneration Using Lysophosphatidylcholine and Nerve Growth Factor." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6088.

Full text
Abstract:
Peripheral nerve damage affects hundreds of thousands of people every year. This study tested the effectiveness of using lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in combination with nerve growth factor (NGF) to increase the healing rate of damaged left sciatic nerves in female rats. The rats were randomly divided into eight groups: Sham, Right Sciatic, Crush, LPC, LPC-NGF, Crush- LPC, Crush-NGF, and Crush-LPC-NGF. The healing of the nerves was measured by monitoring gait, electrophysiological parameters (compound muscle action potential amplitudes and nerve conductance velocities) and morphological parameters (total fascicular area, total myelinated fiber counts, fiber densities, fiber diameters, and g-ratio). Gait and electrophysiological parameters were measured three times a week. Morphological parameters were measured at three weeks and at six weeks. The LPC and LPC-NGF groups were not statistically different from the controls (Sham and Right Sciatic) at either of the morphological time points but were statistically different from the controls for the first three weeks for the electrophysiological parameters and gait. The LPC-NGF group did not differ from the LPC group at any time point for any of the parameters. Crush, Crush-LPC, Crush-NGF, and Crush-LPC-NGF groups statistically differed from the controls at week 3 for all parameters and only in the electrophysiological parameters at week 6. Crush-LPC, Crush-NGF, and Crush-LPC-NGF did not differ from each other or from the Crush group. The combination of LPC and NGF did not prove to be an effective treatment for peripheral nerve damage. Future work is recommended to test multiple injections of LPC and NGF.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Margand, Paul Marcus Buchanan. "Ultrastructural changes in electrically damaged x-enopus laevis sciatic nerve." Scholarly Commons, 1991. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2217.

Full text
Abstract:
Electrical injury is known to alter the normal physiological function of nerves. In most cases, the change in function is only minor, but in severe instances the physiological function may be lost entirely. The changes in function involve the ability of the nerve to transmit an impulse, which is a function of the nerve's ability to create and maintain an electrical gradient across its membrane. When the nerve is exposed to an electrical current, the ability to maintain an electrical gradient across the membrane is reduced or lost. This change may be transient or permanent. The changes in the gradient hinder the nerve from propagating the impulse, which is the means of information transfer to and from the CNS (central nervous system). Due to the manner in which human victims are typically exposed to an electric shock, the peripheral axons usually display the greatest change in physiological function.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Todd, Barbara Anne. "Effects of chemical agents on the permeability of the nerve perineurium and spinal cord : a study using electrophysiological and electron microscopic techniques." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296477.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Heinecke, Karie A. "Myelin abnormalities in the optic and sciatic nerves of mice with GM1-gangliosidosis." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:103611.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis advisor: Thomas N. Seyfried
GM1 gangliosidosis is a glycosphingolipid lysosomal storage disease caused by a genetic deficiency of acid b-galactosidase (β-gal), the enzyme that catabolyzes GM1 within lysosomes. Accumulation of GM1 and its asialo form (GA1) occurs primarily in the brain, leading to progressive neurodegeneration and brain dysfunction. Less information is available on the neurochemical pathology in optic nerve and sciatic nerve of GM1- gangliosidosis. Here we analyzed the lipid content and myelin structure in optic and sciatic nerve in 7 and 10 month old normal β-gal (+/?) and GM1-gangliosidosis β-gal (-/-) mice. Optic nerve weight was lower in the β-gal -/- mice than in unaffected β-gal +/? mice, but no difference was seen between the normal and the β-gal -/- mice for sciatic nerve weight. The concentrations of GM1 and GA1 were significantly higher in optic nerve and sciatic nerve in the β-gal -/- mice than in β-gal +/? mice. The content and composition of myelin-enriched cerebrosides, sulfatides, plasmalogen ethanolamines were significantly lower in optic nerve of β-gal -/- mice than in β-gal +/? mice, however cholesteryl esters were enriched in the β-gal -/- mice. No significant abnormalities in these myelin enriched lipids were detected in sciatic nerve of the β-gal -/- mice. The abnormalities in GM1 and myelin lipids in optic nerve of β-gal -/- mice were also associated with abnormalities in the X-ray diffraction pattern including myelin content in fresh nerves [M/(M +B)] and periodicity (d). With the exception of a slight reduction in myelin content, no abnormalities in the X-ray diffraction pattern were observed in sciatic nerve of β-gal -/- mice. The results indicate that neurochemical pathology is greater in optic nerve than in sciatic nerve of β-gal -/- mice
Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Dombrowski, Mary A. "Sciatic nerve remyelination and nodal formation following olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08092007-114648/.

Full text
Abstract:
Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) into injured spinal cord results in improved functional outcome through axonal regeneration, remyelination, and neuroprotection. However, because little is known of the fate of OECs transplanted into injured peripheral nerve, their myelin forming potential requires investigation. To study these issues OECs were isolated from the olfactory bulbs of adult green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing transgenic rats and transplanted into a sciatic nerve crush lesions. Five weeks to six months after transplantation the nerves were studied histologically and it was determined that GFP-expressing OECs survived in the lesion and distributed longitudinally across the lesion zone. Immunostaining revealed a high density of isoform Nav1.6 at the newly formed nodes of Ranvier which were flanked by paranodal Caspr staining. Immuno-electron microscopy for GFP revealed transplanted OECs form peripheral type myelin. These results indicate that transplanted OECs extensively integrate into transected peripheral nerve, form myelin on regenerated peripheral nerve fibers, and reconstruct nodes of Ranvier with proper sodium channel structure.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lau, Chi-yan Jane. "Brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and seprafilm?adhesion barrier on sciatic nerve regeneration in rats." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42924789.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Yen, Laurene Dao-Pei. "Sympathetic sprouting and changes in nociceptive sensory innervation in the glabrous skin of the rat hind paw following partial peripheral nerve injury." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101873.

Full text
Abstract:
Previous studies have suggested that sympathetic sprouting in the periphery may contribute to the development and persistence of sympathetically-maintained pain in animal models of neuropathic pain. The purpose of this thesis was to examine morphological changes in the cutaneous innervation in rats after chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the sciatic nerve. More specifically, this study addresses the question of whether sympathetic fibres sprout de novo into the upper dermis of the rat hindpaw skin after CCI of the sciatic nerve. We also determined changes in peptidergic sensory innervation following CCI.
At several periods post-injury, hind paw skin was harvested and processed using a monoclonal antibody against dopamine-beta-hydroxylase to detect sympathetic fibres and a polyclonal antibody against calcitonin gene-related peptide to identify peptidergic sensory fibres. We observed migration and branching of sympathetic fibres into the upper dermis of the hind paw skin, from where they were normally absent. This migration was first detected at 2 weeks, peaked at 4 to 6 weeks and lasted for at least 20 weeks post-lesion. At 8 weeks post-lesion, there was a dramatic increase in the density of peptidergic fibres in the upper dermis. Quantification revealed that densities of peptidergic fibres 8 weeks post-lesion were significantly above levels of sham animals. Interestingly, the ectopic sympathetic fibres did not innervate blood vessels but formed a novel association and wrapped around sprouted peptidergic nociceptive fibres. Our data show a long-term sympathetic and sensory innervation change in the rat hind paw skin after the chronic constriction injury. This novel fibre arrangement after nerve lesion may play an important role in the development and persistence of sympathetically-maintained neuropathic pain after partial nerve lesions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lau, Chi-yan Jane, and 劉至欣. "Brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and seprafilm® adhesion barrier on sciatic nerve regeneration in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42924789.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

曹健生 and Kin-sang Cho. "The effects of intravitreal optic nerve and/or sciatic nerve grafts onthe survival, sprouting and regeneration of axotomised retinalganglion cells in hamsters." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236753.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cho, Kin-sang. "The effects of intravitreal optic nerve and/or sciatic nerve grafts on the survival, sprouting and regeneration of axotomised retinal ganglion cells in hamsters /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18890404.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Antunes, Juliana Sobral. "Efeito do exercício físico resistido de subida em escada, sobre a regeneração nervosa periférica, em modelo experimental de ciatalgia." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3230.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2017-12-01T13:24:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 JULIANA _ANTUNES2016.pdf: 2044516 bytes, checksum: 8b8259c8bf77ca4b4a753df40515ef1f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-01T13:24:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 JULIANA _ANTUNES2016.pdf: 2044516 bytes, checksum: 8b8259c8bf77ca4b4a753df40515ef1f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-11
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The research is experimental, quantitative and random character, which aimed to analyze the effect of resistance exercise climb stairs, on the regeneration of the sciatic nerve of Wistar rats. The sample consisted of 24 animals were randomly separated into four groups: GC - control; GE - only exercised; GL - injured and untreated; and GLE - injured and treated. The compressive lesion of the right sciatic nerve was performed in anesthetized animals and was to conduct a nerve impingement in 30 seconds with hemostat. From the third day after surgery, the animals of GE and GLE were submitted to resistance exercise climb stairs, and made two sets of ten climbs the ladder with overhead 100 grams adapted to its tail, with an interval of one minute between one series and another 5 days a week for 3 weeks. In the course of this period, all animals were evaluated for the presence of edema and nociceptive threshold of the right hind limb. After treatment, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized to collect a fragment of two centimeters of the right sciatic nerve, which was subjected to routine histological processing, for morphological analysis and Western blotting technique for molecular analysis. Regarding edema evaluation results, there was only meant difference in comparing the evaluations (p <0.001), indicating reduced over time member of the volume, but there was no significant difference between groups. With regard to nociception results in the lesion site and planting region was observed difference between the ratings (p <0.001), and the nociceptive threshold increased over the study time, however between the groups, so there was difference between compared to GC and GE, GL and GLE, with the former had higher results. Regarding histological analysis, GC and G2 showed normal appearance around nerve tissue, as GL and GLE showed large amount of inflammatory infiltrate, degeneration and disruption of nerve fibers, but in GLE also met you merge nerve fibers. Regarding the morphometric analysis, no significant difference between the groups, as, fiber density, amount of axons and the quotient G; For the nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath, GC and GE were significantly better results when compared to GL and GLE; and as the diameter of the axon GC obtained significantly higher results than the other groups. Finally, molecular analysis showed values higher brain-derived neurotrophic factor in injured groups. Therefore, it is concluded that the injury model in the present study was effective to cause significant changes in the sciatic nerve of the animal, but resisted exercise climb stairs, the proposed parameters was not significantly effective in reducing edema and pain of animals and could not accelerate morphological regeneration after sciatic nerve compression injury.
A pesquisa é de caráter experimental, quantitativa e randomizada, que teve como objetivo, analisar o efeito do exercício físico resistido de subida em escada, sobre a regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos Wistar. A amostra foi composta por 24 animais, separados aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: GC – controle; GE – somente exercitado; GL – lesionado e não tratado; e GLE – lesionado e tratado. A lesão compressiva do nervo isquiático direito foi efetuada nos animais anestesiados e consistiu em realizar um pinçamento no nervo por 30 segundos com pinça hemostática. A partir do terceiro dia de pós-operatório, os animais de GE e GLE foram submetidos ao exercício físico resistido de subida em escada, sendo realizadas duas séries de dez subidas na escada, com sobrecarga de 100 gramas adaptada a sua cauda, com intervalo de um minuto entre uma série e outra, 5 dias por semana durante 3 semanas. Ao decorrer deste período, todos os animais foram avaliados, quanto a presença de edema e limiar nociceptivo do membro pélvico direito. Ao término do tratamento, os animais foram anestesiados e eutanasiados para a coleta de um fragmento de dois centímetros do nervo isquiático direito, o qual foi submetido a processamento histológico de rotina, para analise morfológica e à técnica de Western Blotting para análise molecular. Com relação aos resultados da avaliação do edema, observou-se diferença significava somente na comparação entre as avaliações (p<0,001), denotando redução do volume do membro ao longo do tempo, porém não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. Quanto aos resultados da nocicepção no local da lesão e na região plantar, foi possível observar diferença entre as avaliações (p<0,001), sendo que o limiar nociceptivo aumentou com o passar do tempo de estudo, porém entre os grupos, so houve diferença entre GC e GE comparado a GL e GLE, sendo que os primeiros obtiveram resultados maiores. Referente a análise histológica, GC e GE apresentaram aspecto normal em todo tecido nervoso, já GL e GLE mostraram grande quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório, degeneração e desorganização das fibras nervosas, porém em GLE encontrou-se também fibras nervosas integras. Com relação a análise morfométrica, não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os grupos, quanto a, densidade de fibras, quantidade de axônios e ao quociente G; Para o diâmetro da fibra nervosa e da bainha de mielina, GC e GE apresentaram resultados significativamente maiores quando comparados ao GL e GLE; e quanto ao diâmetro do axônio GC obteve resultados significativamente maiores que os demais grupos. E por fim, a análise molecular, mostrou valores maiores do fator neurotrófico derivado encéfalo nos grupos lesionados. Portanto, conclui-se que o modelo de lesão realizado neste estudo foi efetivo, pois causou alterações significativas no nervo isquiático dos animais, porém o exercício físico resistido de subida em escada, nos parâmetros propostos, não foi significativamente eficiente na redução do edema e da dor dos animais, bem como não conseguiu acelerar a regeneração morfológica do nervo isquiático após lesão compressiva.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Al, Talalwah Waseem. "The vascular variability of the iliac system and clinical diagnosis in radiology and neurology." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/1aa955a0-1289-4670-b226-0eea5425ae0b.

Full text
Abstract:
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body giving both motor and sensory innervations to the lower limb. It can be affected in chronic diseases, such as diabetes, or compressed anatomically by structures such as piriformis and aneurysms leading to sciatica or paralysis of the lower limb. The current study therefore focuses on the arterial supply of the sciatic nerve as well as its course. Embryologically, the sciatic nerve is supplied via the axial artery during the first trimester. As the axial artery regresses, the iliac system develops. A failure of sciatic artery regression leads to several variations of pelvic and femoral arteries, with a risk of iatrogenic injury/trauma for those patients undergoing pelvic, gluteal and thigh surgical procedures. An understanding of the variability of the pelvic arteries in relation to a coexistent sciatic artery will provide an appropriate background for clinicians. The present study proposes a new theory of sciatic artery development and persistence, as well as new theories for the superior and inferior gluteal, internal pudendal and obturator arteries. The thesis is in two parts: first an anatomical study on the dissection of 171 cadavers including the pelvic, gluteal and thigh regions to observe (i) the patterns of the arteries these regions, and (ii) the course of the sciatic nerve. With variable course of sciatic nerve, there is a variability of its blood supply. Moreover, it includes a new classification of sciatic nerve with respect to clinical implications. The thesis clarifies the origins of the sciatic artery and its course. The second part is a literature review of sciatic artery aneurysm cases in 171 patients, which clarifies the risk of aneurysm, together with its incidence with respect to pathologic finding and associated disorders. Radiologists have to be aware of the internal iliac artery classifications to be able to alert general surgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, obstetricians, gynecologists, and urologists so that they can improve patient management.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Takeuchi, Hisataka. "Doxorubicin-Immersed Skeletal Muscle Grafts Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Across a 10‐mm Defect in the Rat Sciatic Nerve." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253151.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Junior, Guataçara Schenfelder Salles. "Estudo da regeneração nervosa em modelo experimental de ratos diabéticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-28082012-090020/.

Full text
Abstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: Embora a população diabética seja extremamente significativa e crescente nos últimos anos, os estudos envolvendo regeneração nervosa e diabetes mellitus (DM) não são muitos e, frequentemente, mostram resultados conflitantes e pouco conclusivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a regeneração nervosa em ratos diabéticos. MÉTODOS: O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Microcirurgia Experimental (LIM 4) do HC-FMUSP. Utilizaram-se 40 ratos machos, que foram separados em 2 grupos principais, cada um com 20 animais: grupo controle e grupo diabetes. Cada grupo foi subdividido em 2 subgrupos de 10 animais: controle com neurorrafia término-terminal (CN), controle com enxerto de nervo (CE), diabético com neurorrafia términoterminal (DN) e diabético com enxerto de nervo (DE). A indução do DM foi feita pela inoculação de estreptozotocina na dose de 60mg/Kg, por via intraperitoneal e após 8 semanas os animais foram submetidos à cirurgia. Diversas avaliações foram feitas: massa corporal, glicemias, testes da marcha e eletrofisiológico, índice de peso do músculo tríceps sural (pata operada/não operada) e análises histomorfométricas. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 3 óbitos, 1 no CN, 1 no DN e 1 no DE. Nas avaliações pósoperatórias o peso dos animais do grupo controle foi maior que o do grupo diabetes (p<0,05). Todos os ratos do grupo diabetes mostraram níveis glicêmicos bem superiores aos do grupo controle (p<0,05), mantendo-se sempre maiores que 200mg/dL. No 20o PO o teste da marcha foi mais próximo do normal nos animais do grupo controle do que no grupo diabetes (p<0,05), sendo melhor nos subgrupos com neurorrafia do que com enxerto de nervo (p<0,05). No 40o PO o panorama se manteve, exceto pela comparação do DN com o DE (p>0,05). Já no 60o PO o teste foi semelhante entre os animais do grupo controle (CN e CE) e o DN (p>0,05), se mostrando pior no DE (p<0,05). No teste eletrofisiológico com 60 dias de evolução, as amplitudes do potencial evocado foram semelhantes entre os subgrupos controles e diabéticos (p>0,05). O índice de peso do músculo tríceps sural foi maior no CN em comparação com os outros 3 subgrupos (p<0,05), não se verificando o mesmo nas demais comparações (p>0,05). No 60o PO não se encontraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas na comparação dos subgrupos controles e diabéticos em relação à densidade axonal, medidas das áreas das secções transversas das fibras nervosas, dos axônios e das células de Schwann. CONCLUSÕES: O teste da marcha mostrou que a recuperação funcional foi mais rápida nos animais do grupo controle, porém, com 60 dias, o DN apresentava uma recuperação semelhante aos animais controles, ao passo que o DE ainda não. A resposta da musculatura tríceps sural ao estímulo do nervo ciático com 60 dias de evolução, verificada no teste eletrofisiológico, se mostrou parecida nos animais controles e diabéticos, não havendo diferença estatística. A atrofia muscular, vista pelo índice de peso do músculo tríceps sural, foi menor em CN, porém sem diferença estatística entre CE, DN e DE. A densidade de axônios, assim como os calibres das fibras nervosas e dos axônios não foram estatisticamente diferentes nos animais diabéticos no 60o PO
INTRODUCTION: Although the diabetic population is highly significant and has been growing during the past few years, studies involving nerve regeneration and diabetes mellitus (DM) are rather uncommon, frequently demonstrating divergent results and few conclusions. The objective of this study is to evaluate nerve regeneration in diabetic rats. METHODS: The study was accomplished in the Experimental Microsurgery Laboratory (LIM 4) of the HC-FMUSP. The study included 40 male rats, separated into two main groups: 20 controls and 20 diabetic animals. Each group was then further subdivided into two subgroups with 10 animals in each: control with end-toend neurorrhaphy (CN); control with nerve graft (CE); diabetic with end-toend neurorrhaphy (DN); and diabetic with nerve graft (DE). DM was accomplished by intraperitoneal innoculation of 60mg/Kg of streptozocin and the animals underwent surgery eight weeks later. Various evaluations were performed: body mass, glycemias, walking and electrophysiology tests, triceps surae muscle weight index (operated/non-operated paw) and histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS: Three deaths occurred; one in CN, one in DN, and one in DE. In the postoperative evaluations the weight of the control animals was greater than that of the diabetic group (p<0.05). All the rats in the diabetic group demonstrated glycemic levels very superior to those of the control group (p<0.05), always remaining over 200mg/dL. On the 20th PO day, the walking test was closer to normal in the control group than in the diabetic one (p<0.05), better in the neurorrhaphy subgroups than in the nerve graft ones (p<0.05). On the 40th PO day the range was maintained, except for comparison of DN with DE (p>0.05). Already on the 60th PO day, the test was similar among the animals of control group (CN and CE) and DN (p>0.05), seeming worse on DE (p<0.05). At 60 days the potential amplitudes of the electrophysiological test were similar among the control and diabetic subgroups (p>0.05). Triceps surae muscle weight index was greater in the CN compared with the other three subgroups (p<0.05), which was not seen in the other comparisons (p>0.05). On the 60th PO day no statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the control and the diabetic subgroups regarding the axonal density, measurent of the areas of the transverse sections of the nerve fibers, axons and Schwann cells. CONCLUSIONS: The walking test showed that the functional recovery was swifter in the control group animals. At 60 days, however, DN presented a recovery similar to that of the control animals, whereas DE still did not. Triceps surae muscle response upon stimulation of the sciatic nerve at 60 days, verified by the electrophysiological test, showed it to be similar in the control and diabetic animals, without a statistical difference. The muscular atrophy observed by the triceps surae muscle weight index was less in CN, however, without a statistical difference among CE, DN and DE. The axon densities as well as the calibers of the nerve fibers and axons were not statistically different in the diabetic animals at 60 days PO
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Васько, Людмила Віталіївна, Людмила Витальевна Васько, Liudmyla Vitaliivna Vasko, М. В. Тихановський, and В. С. Хандога. "Аналіз морфометричних результатів посттравматичної регенерації опроміненого сідничного нерва." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4484.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Rupp, Angelika Frances. "Functional, electrophysiologic and morphometric evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration after bridging a 14 mm gap in the rat sciatic nerve." Diss., kostenfrei, 2007. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8689/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Gonzalez, Patricia Ybot. "Expression of laminin isoforms and nidogen in the developing and adult mouse sciatic nerve." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283115.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Roque, Domingos Donizeti [UNESP]. "Enxerto venoso ao avesso e normal, com ou sem preenchimento de músculo, em regeneração nervosa de ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100380.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:01:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 roque_dd_dr_botfm.pdf: 1702789 bytes, checksum: 439d013606e4a7b1c31a5e09458e60e3 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Foram estudadas neste trabalho quatro maneiras de regenerar o nervo ciático do rato em gap de 1O milímetros mediante tubulização com v4e'ia n.o.r.m. al e ao avesso, preenchida ou não com o músculo tibial caudal direito:Foram utilizados 70 ratos Wistar, machos, pesando entre 180 a 210 g, divididos em quatro grupos experimentais com 15 animais cada grupo (VASP - veia ao avesso sem preenchimento; VAME - veia ao avesso preenchida com músculo esquelético; VNSP - veia normal sem preenchimento e VNME - veia normal preenchida com músculo esquelético) e um grupo com 10 animais (Sham) usado como controle. A veia jugular externa esquerda foi utilizada como enxerto venoso. No grupo Sham o nervo ciático direito foi exposto sem realizar-se nenhum procedimento sobre o mesmo. Os animais foram sacrificados 12 semanas após a cirurgia. Retirou-se amostras nos locais dos enxertos e nos cotos distais do nervo reparado, destinadas às observações histomorfológicas e morfométricas. Para a análise estatística dos cinco grupos experimentais utilizou-se a análise de variância (ANOV A) com teste F e o método de Scheffé. Observou-se regeneração nervosa em todos os grupos. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos nos grupos VASP, VAME e VNSP. O pior resultado foi com o grupo VNME na maioria dos atributos analisados, tanto no enxerto quanto no coto distal.
The venous tubulization procedure filled with muscle was used to study nerve regeneration of the right sciatic nerve a 10 mm gap using different procedures. Seventy male Wistar rats weighting 180 to 210 g were divided into four experimental groups: inside-out vein graft (lOVG); inside-out vein graft filled with skeletal muscle (lOVGSM); standard vein graft (SVG) and standard vein graft filled with skeletal muscle (SVGSM), with 15 animaIs each. Ten rats were used as sham control. Left external jugular vein were harvested and used to bridge a 10 mm gap. 1n sham group the right sciatic nerve was expose without achieve someone procedure on nerve. AnimaIs were sacrificed 12 weeks after tubulization and fragments obtained from the grafts and distal stumps were histomorphometric analyzed. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, F-test and Scheffe's method) indicated that the best results regarding nerve regeneration were observed in 10VG; 10VGSM and SVG groups. The worst result was obtained with SVGSM.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Ahmed, Farooque Jamaluddin. "Análise da expressão de neurotrofinas durante a regeneração de nervo periférico de rato por enxerto venoso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25149/tde-11042015-092834/.

Full text
Abstract:
Análise da expressão de neurotrofinas durante a regeneração de nervo periférico de rato por enxerto venoso Enxertos de veias têm sido empregados para preencher lacunas em nervos periféricos transeccionados para melhor recuperação funcional. No entanto, vários inconvenientes, como a constrição do enxerto secundário foram observados. Uma nova alternativa para esta técnica foi desenvolvida. Simplesmente invertendo a veia de dentro para fora, chamado do Inside- out vein graft. As neurotrofinas são uma família de fatores neurotróficos conhecidos por desempenhar um papel significativo na regeneração de nervos periféricos. A família da neurotrofina é constituído por fator de crescimento nervoso (NGF), fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF), Neurotrofina-3 (NT-3) e Neurotrofina-4 (NT-4). No campo da neurobiologia, vários autores têm utilizado a técnica de PCR a fim de obter mais informações sobre os nervos regenerados. Neste estudo, foi utilizada a técnica de biologia molecular para explorar o papel e o nível das neurotrofinas durante a regeneração de nervos periféricos com enxerto de veia. O nervo isquiático de ratos foi seccionado e reparado com enxerto de veia invertida (IOVG) e técnicas de enxerto de veia padrão (SVG). No grupo controle, os ratos foram operados e o nervo isquiático foi mantido intacto. Os animais foram sacrificados após 6 e 12 semanas e os enxertos foram colhidos para observar o nível das neurotrofinas. Músculos EDL e Sóleo foram excisados e pesados para determinar a diferença de peso entre os grupos. Um pequeno segmento dos cotos distais de ambos os grupos SVG e IOVG também foram excisados e foram processados histologicamente para examinar a quantidade de axónios regenerados. Além disso, um outro pequeno segmento do coto distal foi processado para RT-PCR para analisar o nível das neurotrofinas nesta área.A tecnica do walk track analysis foi realizada para determinar o índice funcional do nervo isquiático nos grupos. Em 6 semanas, não ocorreu crescimento neuronal significativo no coto distal dos dois tipos de enxertos, porém um crescimento foi observado em 12 semanas. Não houve diferença significativa na massa muscular entre IOVG e SVG em ambos os períodos de tempo. No entanto, um aumento significativo na massa muscular foi observado a partir de 6 a 12 semanas nos grupos IOVG e SVG. Um aumento significativo na produção de NT-3 foi observado no grupo de SVG em ambos, enxerto e o coto distal quando comparados a partir de 6 a 12 semanas, no entanto, não houve aumento observado no nível de neurotrofinas dos outros tipos (NGF e NT-4) . Surpreendentemente, não houve aumento significativo da NT-3 no grupo IOVG. Conclui-se que, entre as neurotrofinas avaliadas neste estudo, não há nenhuma diferença significativa no seu nível de RNAm entre os dois grupos, exceto NT-3. Finalmente, uma vez que o nível de RNAm de NT-3 aumenta significativamente entre 6 e 12 semanas no grupo SVG e não no IOVG, observado por estas duas técnicas de nível molecular, estudos adicionais necessitam serem feitos para decifrar o mecanismo exato.
Vein grafts have been employed to bridge the gap in transected peripheral nerves to produce better functional recovery. However several disadvantages such as secondary graft constriction were observed and a new alternative to this technique was developed by simply reversing the vein inside out. Both inside out and standard vein grafts were successfully used in recovering the sensory segmental defect in humans. Neurotrophins are a family of eurotrophic factors known to play an important role in the regeneration of peripheral nerves. The neurotrophin family consists of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and Neurotropinh-4 (NT-4). In the neurobiology field, several authors have been using PCR technique in order to gain more information regarding regenerated nerves. In this study, we employed this molecular biology technique to explore the role and level of the neurotrophins during the peripheral nerve regeneration with vein graft. The sciatic nerve of rats were sectioned and repaired with Inside out vein graft (IOVG) and standard vein graft techniques (SVG). In the control group the rats were sham operated wherein the sciatic nerve was kept intact. The animals were euthanized at 6 and 12 weeks and the grafts were harvested to observe the level the neurotrophins. EDL and Sol muscles were excised and measured to determine any weight difference between the groups. A small segment of the distal stumps from both the SVG and IOVG groups were also excised and were subjected to histological process to examine the amount of regenerated axon. In addition, another small segment of the distal stump was processed for RT-PCR to further examine the level of the neurotrophins in this area. At 6 weeks, no significant neuronal growth was observed in the distal stump of both graft types but a distinct growth was seen at 12 weeks. Walk track analysis showed poor motor function recovery in the experimental groups during both time intervals. Morphometric analysis demonstrated no significant differences in the amount of myelination between both the groups. There was no significant difference in the muscle mass between IOVG and SVG in both time periods. However, a significant increase in both the muscle mass was observed from 6 to 12 weeks in the IOVG and SVG groups. A significant increase in the production of NT-3 was observed in SVG group in both the distal stump and graft segment when compared from 6 to 12 weeks; however there was no observed increase in the level of other neurotrophins (NGF and NT-4). Surprisingly, no significant increase of NT-3 was noticed in the IOVG group. We conclude that amongst the neurotrophins evaluated in this study, there is no significant difference in their mRNA level between both groups except NT-3. Also, since mRNA level of NT-3 increases significantly between 6 and 12 weeks in SVG and not in IOVG, it suggests that the mechanism by which these two techniques operate at a molecular level may differ and further studies need to be done to decipher the exact mechanism.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Pachioni, Celia Aparecida Stellutti. "Lesão por esmagamento do nervo isquiático de ratos: estudo da vascularização." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17142/tde-08032007-114210/.

Full text
Abstract:
Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as alterações microvasculares intraneurais agudas em nervo isquiático de rato submetido à esmagamento por diferentes cargas. Foram utilizados sessenta ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos experimentais de acordo com o protocolo de injeção de vasos e subdivididos de acordo com a carga de esmagamento. Os nervos isquiáticos direitos de cada grupo experimental foram isolados e submetidos ao esmagamento com diferentes cargas (0,5 Kg, 1 Kg, 5 Kg, 10 kg e 15 kg) por 10 minutos e os nervos isquiáticos esquerdos foram utilizados como controle. Após o esmagamento, 30 animais foram submetidos ao Protocolo I, que constou de: cateterização da aorta abdominal, perfusão manual da solução composta de tinta da China e gelatina 5% em formol 10%, dissecação e retirada dos nervos direitos e esquerdos, desidratação e diafanização para análise longitudinal dos vasos intraneurais. Os outros trinta animais foram submetidos ao Protocolo II, que constou de: cateterização da aorta abdominal e perfundidos com solução composta de tinta da China e gelatina 5% em soro fisiológico e, após, mantidos em freezer -20°C por uma hora. Em seguida os nervos foram dissecados e retirados em toda a sua extensão, cortados em 3 fragmentos, congelados em isopentano em gelo seco e armazenados em freezer -70°C, seccionados em cortes transversais semi-seriados em criostato para análise e contagem dos vasos intraneurais. Os resultados mostraram regiões de hematoma endoneural e epineural nas diferentes cargas utilizadas indicando que as forças de esmagamento foram suficientes para lesar os vasos intraneurais do nervo isquiático, especialmente com cargas elevadas. A análise morfométrica mostrou um comportamento diferente nas três regiões estudadas, constatando menor número de vasos na região do esmagamento e não nas regiões acima e abaixo da mesma. Estes resultados sugerem lesão localizada dos vasos intraneurais que foi proporcional à carga de esmagamento, causando hematoma endoneural e epineural, o que criará um microambiente desfavorável para a regeneração das fibras nervosas que também foram lesadas nesse modelo.
The objective of this work was to study the acute intraneurial microvascular changes in the rat sciatic nerve submitted to a crush injury by different loads. Sixty Wistar male rats were used and distributed into two experimental groups according to vessel injection protocol and subdivided according to the crush load. The right sciatic nerves of each experimental group were isolated and submitted to crush by different loads (0,5 Kg, 1 Kg, 5 Kg, 10 kg and 15 kg) for ten minutes. The left sciatic nerves were used as controls. After the crush, thirty animals were submitted to Protocol I, which consisted of: abdominal aorta catheterization, manual perfusion withf a solution composed of China ink and gelatin 5% in formaldehyde 10%. After that the right and left nerves were collected, fixed in formaldehyde10%, dehydrated and diaphanized for longitudinal analysis of the intraneurial vessels. The other thirty animals were submitted to Protocol II, which consisted of: abdominal aorta catheterization, as described above and perfused with a solution of China ink and gelatin 5% in physiologic saline and then placed in a freezer at -20°C for one hour. After that the nerves were dissected and removed in their entire length, cut into three fragments, frozen in isopentane and dry ice and placed in a freezer at -70°C, cut in semi-serial histological transverse sections for analysis and intraneurial vessel quantification.The results showed endoneurial and epineurial haematoma areas in the different groups, indicating that the crush forces were enough to damage the intraneurial vessels, specially with high loads. The morphometrical analysis showed a different profile in the three fragments, with smaller number of vessels in the crush region then above and below, suggesting that the damage to intraneurial vessels was proportional to the crush load, causing endoneurial and epineurial haematoma, which creates an unfavorable microenvironment for the regeneration of the nerve fibers that were also damaged in that model.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Drouet, Saltos Domenica Elizabeth. "Calpain-Calpastatin System in Peripheral Nerve Myelination and Demyelination." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1559220437439116.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Liu, Jun. "Molecular cloning and functional analysis of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (rat) in relation to post-traumatic nerve regeneration." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B44139354.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Gustafsson, Henrik. "Opioid-induced cholecystokinin release in the CNS-neurochemical mechanisms and effects of sciatic nerve lesion /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4440-7/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Martins, Roberto Sergio. "Avaliação da eficácia do reparo na regeneração do nervo ciático do rato com utilização de sutura, adesivo de fibrina ou combinação das duas técnicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-14102014-153140/.

Full text
Abstract:
Nas lesões onde há secção de nervos o cirurgião necessita restabelecer a continuidade entre dois cotos. Apesar de ser considerado como o método padrão, a sutura com fios de náilon pode ocasionar reação inflamatória prejudicando o processo de regeneração ou ser de difícil execução, nos casos de nervos de calibres reduzidos. O reparo com adesivo de fibrina é uma opção ao reparo com sutura convencional, mas a comparação entre esses dois métodos apresenta resultados conflitantes na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os parâmetros usualmente empregados na avaliação da regeneração do nervo ciático do rato previamente seccionado com a utilização do reparo com a sutura convencional, com o adesivo de fibrina ou uma combinação das duas técnicas. Previamente à secção do nervo ciático do lado direito, cada animal foi submetido à mensuração do índice funcional ciático a partir de medidas obtidas da impressão das patas traseiras durante a marcha. Após a exposição cirúrgica procedeu-se à avaliação eletrofisiológica que consistia na mensuração da latência, amplitude e velocidade de condução do potencial de ação do nervo e do potencial de ação motor. Com técnica microcirúrgica, os nervos foram seccionados e reparados de forma imediata. Três grupos com 10 animais cada foram formados de acordo com o reparo utilizado. No grupo A, o reparo foi realizado com a sutura utilizando-se quatro pontos de fio de náilon 10-0; no grupo B a coaptação dos cotos do nervo foi realizada com a aplicação do adesivo de fibrina; no grupo C o reparo foi realizado com um ponto de náilon 10-0 associado com a aplicação do adesivo de fibrina. Após 12 semanas o índice funcional ciático foi avaliado nos três grupos e a avaliação funcional da regeneração foi obtida comparando-se os valores deste índice. Após 24 semanas os animais foram reoperados para avaliação eletrofisiológica com as medidas dos mesmos parâmetros que foram avaliados antes da secção do nervo. A avaliação eletrofisiológica da regeneração comparou os valores da amplitude, latência e velocidade de condução dos potencias de ação do nervo e motor, os valores da razão entre a velocidade de condução na reoperação e a velocidade de condução antes da secção do nervo para os dois potenciais e a razão entre a amplitude na reoperação e a amplitude antes da secção dos nervos dos dois potenciais. Após esta avaliação, os nervos foram fixados e retirados para a obtenção de segmentos proximais e distais à região do reparo com a finalidade de se proceder ao estudo histomorfométrico com contagem total dos axônios regenerados, mensuração dos diâmetros desses axônios nesses segmentos e quantificação do número de axônios regenerados em situação extrafascicular no segmento distal. A análise estatística foi realizada através de comparação dos parâmetros obtidos entre os grupos com a análise de variância ou com o teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Quando era identificada uma diferença significativa entre os grupos, para p < 0,05, foi utilizado um teste de comparações múltiplas através do método de Tukey ou Duncan. Após 12 semanas do reparo os resultados do índice funcional ciático no grupo B foram superiores aos do grupo A. Não houve diferença significativa na avaliação desse parâmetro entre os grupos B e C. Os animais do grupo B apresentaram melhores resultados na regeneração em comparação com o grupo A quando avaliados a latência, a velocidade de condução após o período de observação e a razão entre a velocidade de condução realizada na reoperação e o mesmo parâmetro obtido antes da secção do nervo durante a mensuração do potencial de ação motor. Os animais do grupo C apresentaram melhores resultados na regeneração em comparação com o grupo A quando avaliada a razão entre a velocidade de condução realizada na reoperação e o mesmo parâmetro obtido antes da secção do nervo na mensuração do potencial de ação motor. Não houve diferença na regeneração avaliada pelo estudo eletrofisiológico entre os grupos B e C. Não houve diferenças significativas na avaliação histomorfométrica entre os três grupos. Considerando os resultados conclui-se que o reparo com o adesivo de fibrina forneceu as melhores condições para a regeneração em comparação com a sutura
Injuries involving nerves section require the surgeon to reestablish the continuity between the two stumps. Although direct suturing of the nerve using Nylon is considered a standard procedure, it can cause inflammatory reaction impairing the regeneration, or the procedure can be difficult due to reduced nerve caliber. The repair with fibrin glue is an alternative to the conventional suture technique, but comparison between these two techniques have presented conflicting results in the literature. The objective of this study was to compare the parameters commonly applied in assesssing the regeneration of the sectioned rat sciatic nerve, using conventional suture, fibrin glue and a combination of both techniques. Before sectioning the right sciatic nerve, the sciatic functional index of each rat was determined by measuring the printing of the posterior limbs during gait. After the surgical exposure, the electrophysiologic evaluation was performed. It consisted of measuring the latency, magnitude and conduction velocity of the nerve and muscular action potentials. Using the microsurgical techniques, the nerves were sectioned at middle and repaired immediately. Thirty rats were divided evenly into three groups accordingly to the nerve repair technique. In group A, the nerve was repaired with four-stitch suture using Nylon 10-0; in group B the stumps were united using fibrin glue; in group C, the nerve was repaired with a single-stitch suture using Nylon 10-0 and fibrin glue. After 12 weeks, the sciatic functional index of the three groups was evaluated. The functional evaluation of the nerve regeneration was obtained by comparing the sciatic functional index of the three groups. After 24 weeks, the rats underwent reoperation for electrophysiologic assessment based on the same parameters used before the nerve section. The electrophysiologic evaluation of the nerve regeneration consisted of comparing the results of the same parameters evaluated in the first surgery, the ratio between the conduction velocity of the action potential at the reoperation and the same velocity before the division of the nerve and the ratio between the magnitude of the action potential at the reoperation and before the nerve section. After electrophysiologic evaluation, the nerves were fixed and removed to obtain the proximal and the distal stumps for histomorphometric study. The histomorphometric study consisted of total count of regenerated axons, measurement of the regenerated axons diameter in both stumps, and the determination of the number of the regenerated axons in extrafascicular location in the distal stump. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing the parameters obtained from the three groups using ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test. Whenever a significant difference between the groups was identified, with p<0.05, a multiple comparison test (Tukey or Duncan) was applied. With regards to the sciatic functional index 12 weeks after the repair, the rats of group B presented better outcome than those of group A. There was no significant difference between groups B and C. When latency and the nerve conduction velocity assessed at the reoperation, and the ratio between the conduction velocity at the reoperation and before the nerve division in the motor action potential evaluation were measured, the rats of group B presented better results in regeneration than those of group A. As for regeneration, with the motor action potential evaluation, rats of group C presented better results than those of group A when the ratio between the nerve conduction velocity at the reoperation and before the nerve division was considered. No difference between groups B and C was found in regeneration evaluated by means of electrophysiologic study. There were no significant differences in regard to the histomorphometric evaluation between the three groups. Based on the results, we conclude that nerve repair using fibrin glue provided the best conditions for regeneration than the suture
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Yurie, Hirofumi. "The efficacy of a scaffold-free Bio 3D conduit developed from human fibroblasts on peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve model." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242407.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Souza, Fabiano Inácio de. "Estudo da ação das neuregulinas 1-alfa e 1-beta na regeneração nervosa. Estudo experimental em camundongos isogênicos (C57BL/6J)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-27052009-151145/.

Full text
Abstract:
OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito das neuregulinas 1-alfa e 1-beta na regeneração de nervos ciáticos de camundongos C57BL/6J, adultos, machos, através da técnica de tubulização. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se 18 animais, divididos em 3 grupos, implantando-se prótese de polietileno em falhas de 4,0 mm no nervo ciático esquerdo: grupo 1 contendo apenas colágeno purificado (Vitrogen®); grupo 2, colágeno associado a neuregulina 1-alfa; grupo 3 com colágeno e neuregulina 1-beta. O grupo controle foi formado por 6 segmentos de nervos ciáticos direitos. Após 4 semanas, os animais foram sacrificados; extraiu-se segmento do ponto médio do nervo regenerado no interior das próteses, padronizaram-se cortes histológicos e confecção das lâminas para análise histomorfométrica. Confrontaram-se os resultados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Os animais tratados com neuregulinas tiveram maior número de axônios mielinizados, com diferença estatisticamente significante quando comparados ao grupo colágeno. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos de neuregulinas 1-alfa e 1-beta. CONCLUSÃO: a adição de neuregulinas proporcionou aumento significativo do número de fibras mielinizadas.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of neuregulins 1-alpha and 1-beta on the regeneration the sciatic nerves of male adult C57BL/6J mice, using the tubulization technique. METHODS: Eighteen animals were used, divided into three groups. A polyethylene prosthesis was implanted in a 4.0 mm defect of the left sciatic nerve, as follows: group 1 containing only purified collagen (Vitrogen®); group 2, collagen with neuregulin 1-alpha; group 3, collagen with neuregulin 1-beta. The control group was formed by six segments of right sciatic nerves. Four weeks later, the animals were sacrificed. A segment from the midpoint of the nerve regenerated inside the prostheses was extracted, histological sections were standardized and slides were made up for histomorphometric analysis. The results were statistically compared using the Tukey multiple comparisons test and Students t test. RESULTS: The animals treated with neuregulins had greater numbers of myelinized axons, with a statistically significant difference in relation to the collagen-only group. There was no statistical difference between the neuregulin 1-alpha and 1- beta groups. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the addition of neuregulins provided a significant increase in the number of myelinized fibers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Liu, Jun, and 劉軍. "Molecular cloning and functional analysis of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (rat) in relation to post-traumatic nerveregeneration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44139354.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Furstein, James. "Sciatic Peripheral Nerve Blockade for Pain Control Following Hamstring Autograft Harvest in Adolescents: A Comparison of Two Techniques." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4165.

Full text
Abstract:
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction utilizing a hamstring autograft is a surgical technique that has gained popularity among orthopedic surgeons caring for adolescent patients. While utilization of a hamstring autograft is a revered technique, harvest of the hamstring yields significant pain. Sciatic peripheral nerve blockade has proven to reliably provide analgesia at the hamstring donor site. Single-injection sciatic peripheral nerve blockade is considered a basic and effective technique, making its use following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction standard practice in many institutions. The duration of action of a single-injection sciatic peripheral nerve blockade may fail to outlast the pain arising from the hamstring donor site, prompting some clinicians to employ continuous sciatic peripheral nerve blockade via an indwelling catheter. A lack of comparative effectiveness studies exists in the literature regarding the duration of action of peripheral nerve blockade necessary to adequately provide pain control following hamstring autograft harvest, resulting in disagreement among clinicians as to best pain control practices. Proponents of continuous sciatic peripheral nerve blockade assert that while more costly, the extended duration of analgesia afforded by this technique improves pain control postoperatively and decreases the use of other pain medications. Advocates of single-injection sciatic peripheral nerve blockade cite concerns associated with continuous sciatic peripheral nerve blockade known to be detrimental to rehabilitation, such as decreased active knee flexion and increased risk of falls. The purpose of this research is to compare the effect of single-injection sciatic PNB to continuous sciatic PNB on 1) postoperative pain control as measured by self-reported pain scores, pain medication use, and unplanned hospital admission due to poor pain control, 2) active knee flexion, and 3) patient satisfaction with pain control following ACL reconstruction with a hamstring autograft. The findings of this study have the potential to guide informed clinical reasoning and decision making regarding sciatic peripheral nerve blockade techniques following hamstring autograft harvest in adolescents undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Chau, Chi-ho. "Neural glycosaminoglycans and their effects on post-traumatic regrowth of sciatic nerves in adult guinea pigs /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19109830.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Mendonça, Lígia Pelosi. "Repercussões morfológicas da subnutrição proteica e da dieta padrão de Moçambique no nervo isquiático de ratos nos períodos pré e pós-natal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-16092015-151355/.

Full text
Abstract:
A subnutrição é um quadro caracterizado por escassez proteico-calórica e sua manifestação na República de Moçambique é responsável por um terço das mortes de crianças com idade inferior a 5 anos. É a responsável pela falha no crescimento nos primeiros anos de vida e no Brasil, até 2011, era considerada um problema grave de saúde pública. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar possíveis repercussões no tecido nervoso periférico de ratos Wistar subnutridos, comparando-os com aqueles que receberam a dieta padrão de Moçambique (baseada em proteína vegetal) e com aqueles que receberam nutrição balanceada. Para a realização deste estudo foram utilizados 15 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar e as técnicas utilizadas foram: Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão e Varredura, possibilitando a aquisição de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, utilizando ainda princípios estereológicos. Os resultados demonstraram alterações morfológicas nos grupos S e M, assim como diferenças quanto ao contorno das fibras nervosas e a disposição das camadas de mielina. Em relação ao peso e a ASTn, os três grupos são diferentes estatisticamente. Ao contrário, quanto à densidade de fibras nervosas mielínicas e ao número total estimado de fibras mielínicas, não houve diferença significante entre os grupos. Em relação à ASTax do nervo isquiático, houve significância entre os três grupos, já na análise da ASTbm e da ASTfm, houve diferença apenas entre os grupos S ≠ N, M ≠ N. Foi concluído, portanto que a subnutrição promoveu alterações morfológicas na estrutura do nervo isquiático e nas fibras nervosas mielínicas que podem ser irreparáveis, e numericamente gerou um mecanismo compensatório de aumento de densidade em relação a área do nervo, ou seja, um nervo de área menor, porém com fibras nervosas mais próximas, não havendo diferença na quantidade de fibras por nervo
Undernutrition is a condition characterized by protein-calorie shortage and its manifestation in the Republic of Mozambique is responsible for a third of deaths of children under the age of 5 years. It is responsible for growth failure early in life and in Brazil until 2011, was considered a serious public health problem. The objective of this study was to investigate possible effects on peripheral nerve tissue of Wistar rats undernourished, comparing them with those who received standard diet of Mozambique (based on vegetable protein) and those who received balanced nutrition. For this study were used 15 male rats of the Wistar and techniques used were: Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning, enabling acquisition of quantitative and qualitative data, using stereological principles. The results showed morphological changes in S and M groups as well as differences in the contour of nerve fibers and of the layers of myelin. In terms of weight and ASTn, the three groups are statistically different. Rather, density of myelinated nerve fibers and the estimated total number of myelinated fibers, not present significant difference between groups. Regarding ASTax sciatic nerve, there was significant difference between the three groups, and in the analysis of ASTms and ASTmf, there was difference only between the groups. It was concluded therefore that malnutrition promoted morphological changes in the sciatic nerve structure and myelin nerve fibers that may be irreparable, numerically generating a compensatory mechanism of density increase in relation to nerve area, in other words, a nerve smaller area but with next nerve fibers, with no difference in the number of nerve fibers by
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Pereira, Rodrigo Norberto [UNESP]. "Efeito da catuama e do bilobalide na regeneração nervosa perifírica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquático." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89072.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-11-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:19:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_rn_me_jabo.pdf: 471924 bytes, checksum: 4ffda866a6bffc48af4632f12c8dd08f (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Lesões no Sistema Nervoso Periférico (SNP) são relativamente freqüentes. Apesar do SNP apresentar capacidade regenerativa em muitas situações não ocorre regeneração nervosa adequada levando a perdas funcionais. A Catuama é a associação de quatro extratos hidroalcoólicos obtidos de plantas brasileiras (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Ptychopetalum olacoides e Zingiber officinale) com conhecida ação neuroprotetora, antiinflamatória, anti-oxidante e antidepressiva. O bilobalide é um componente extraído das folhas de Ginkgo biloba que tem demonstrada ação neuroprotetora nos sistemas nervosos central e periférico. O presente estudo avaliou a ação da Catuama e do bilobalide na regeneração nervosa periférica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquiático e reparação com implante de tubo de silicone preenchido por colágeno deixando um intervalo entre os segmentos nervosos de 10mm. A Catuama foi administrada por via oral nos primeiros 28 dias de pós-operatório, nas doses de 100, 200 e 400mg/kg e comparada ao bilobalide na dose de 200μM adicionado ao colágeno líquido do implante e ao grupo controle. Os animais foram avaliados na primeira, quinta e décima semana de pós-operatório pelo teste de marcha e na décima semana pela avaliação eletrofiosiológica e pelas análises quantitativa e qualitativa dos cortes histológicos de amostras do nervo isquiático e do músculo gastrocnêmio. Em todas as análises utilizadas não foi encontrada diferença (P>0,05) entre os grupos experimentais o que indica que a Catuama e o bilobalide não interferiram na regeneração nervosa periférica nas condições experimentais.
Peripheral nerve lesions are common. Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries is frequently poor, despite the capacity for axonal regeneration, resulting in most cases in a functional loss of the nerve. The Catuama is composed of four brasilian plants extracts (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Ptychopetalum olacoides e Zingiber officinale). The Catuama is known as having neuroprotector, antinflamatory, antioxidant and antidepressive effects. Bilobalide, extraction of the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, is known by it´s neuroprotector effect in the central and peripheral nervous system. The present study evaluates the effect of Catuama and bilobalide on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats following a sciatic nerve section. Sciatic nerve of adult rats was transected with a 10-mm gap and the proximal and distal nerve stumps were fixed in a silicone tube filled with collagen. The Catuama was oral administered along 28 days after the surgery. Three different treatment groups using doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of Catuama were compared with one group using 200μM bilobalide associated with the liquid collagen in the silicone tube and the control group. Animals evaluations were done by a walk test on the first, fifth and tenth week after the surgery. Eletrophysiologic stimulation and quantitative and qualitative hystologic analysis of the sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle were also realized on the tenth week after the surgery. No statistical difference was found in these variables between the five groups (P >0.05). These results suggest that there was no effect of Catuama or bilobalide on peripheral nerve regeneration regeneration.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

周智豪 and Chi-ho Chau. "Neural glycosaminoglycans and their effects on post-traumatic regrowthof sciatic nerves in adult guinea pigs." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236625.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Pylypiv, Galina Yevgenivna. "Short Term Electrical Stimulation for Isograft Peripheral Nerve Repair and Functional Recovery." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1520934076073459.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Раскалєй, Т. Я., О. Г. Божко, and В. Б. Раскалєй. "Морфологічні зміни у дистальному відрізку травмованого сідничого нерва щурів за умов гіпотиреозу та його гормональної корекції." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41739.

Full text
Abstract:
Провідні спеціалісти відмічають невпинне зростання захворюваності на тиреопатії. В Україні станом на 01.01.2011р. вона складала 46,67%. Проблема актуальна для вивчення, з огляду не лише на швидкий ріст захворюваності, а й на значний загальний вплив гормонів щитоподібної залози на організм. Особливе зацікавлення у вчених викликає нейротропна дія тиреоїдних гормонів. Відновлення пошкоджених периферичних нервів становить дуже важливу медичну, психологічну і соціальну проблему. Травмування периферичних нервів призводять до інвалідності у 10% випадків. Оскільки вплив зовнішніх і внутрішніх чинників змінює перебіг дегенеративно-регенеративних процесів у травмованих нервах, вивчення таких суміжних патологій, як травма нерва за умов недостатньої кількості гормонів щитоподібної залози є надзвичайно актуальним в наш час.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Soldera, Carla Bernardo. "Efeitos da fotobiomodulação utilizando LED sobre os aspectos morfológicos musculares e reparo do tecido nervoso pós lesão de nervo ciático de ratos wistar." Universidade Nove de Julho, 2017. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1870.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-07-18T21:12:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carla Bernardo Soldera.pdf: 1125219 bytes, checksum: a9bf43bd0d44898b4a48ec77b3f45001 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T21:12:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carla Bernardo Soldera.pdf: 1125219 bytes, checksum: a9bf43bd0d44898b4a48ec77b3f45001 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15
Peripheral nerve lesions (LNP) do not clinically present a risk of death to the individual but may result in motor and sensory disturbances altering the function of the affected limb. Phototherapy using low level laser has demonstrated positive effects for the nervous and muscle repair process after different types of injury and little is known about the effects of light emitting diode (LED) therapy. Objective: To analyze the effects of LED on the nervous and muscular repair of Wistar rats after sciatic nerve crush injury. Methodology: 85 Wistar rats, weighing 200-250g, in 5 groups: Control: without any procedure; Injury: carried out only the crushing of the Left Sciatic Nerve (LSN); Injury + LEDn: LSN crushing and LED irradiation in the area corresponding to the nerve injury; Injury + LEDmm: LSN and LED crushing in Tibial Anterior muscle; Injury + LEDn + LEDmm: NSE crushing and LED irradiation in the area corresponding to nerve injury and muscle. The application of the LED in the nervous region was performed with the following parameters: wavelength of 808nm, beam area 1 cm2, average power 40Mw, power density 0.04 W/cm2, energy density 0.8 J/cm2, energy per point 0.8J , total of points 4, time per point 20sec, total time 80sec, energy per point 3.2J and in muscle region was used wavelength of 808nm, beam area 1 cm2, average power 40Mw, power density 0.04 W/ cm2, density of energy 0.4 J/ cm2, energy per point 0.4J, total of points 8, time per point 10sec, total time 80sec, energy per point 3.2J. At the end of the experimental periods, the gait analysis and the mechanical hyperalgesia test were performed. At the end of the experimental periods, gait analysis was performed using the Sciatic Function Index (IFC), as well as the analysis of mechanical hyperalgesia using the von Frey test using the pressure analgesimeter with transducer. After the euthanasia of the animals, the tibial muscles, left and right, were removed and weighed in a semi-analytical balance to determine the degree of muscular atrophy and the muscle mass ratio was calculated. Result: After the IFC, within 7 days, all groups treated with LED showed an improvement in gait compared to the lesion group. The group LEDn was the one that presented the best result compared to the control group. After 14 days, the group LEDn and LEDnm presented similar values to the control group. Regarding the muscular atrophy index, in the 7-day period, all the groups treated with LED showed a decrease of the index in relation to the Control group. In 14 days, the LED groups showed an increase in relation to the Injury group. At 21 and 28 days, the injured groups showed a decrease in relation to the Control group. Only the LEDnm group showed a decrease compared to the Injury group. Regarding mechanical hyperalgesia, the results showed that in 7 days, the LEDn group was the one that presented the best result compared to the control group. At 14 days, the LEDn and LEDm groups showed an increase in the threshold, requiring a greater pressure to promote an allergic response compared to the control group, making them more resistant to the stimuli. At 28 days, all lesioned and treated groups showed an increase in hyperalgesia in relation to the control group. Conclusion: We can conclude that LED increased gait functionality assessed by IFC after 1 and 2 weeks post LNP, especially when it was used in the nerve region associated or not to the muscle region, induced an increase in muscle mass in relation to the animals that did not receive treatment in the period of 2 weeks post LNP and in the 2 week period post LNP provided an increase in the pain threshold compared to the control group, requiring a nociceptive stimulus of greater intensity to generate the pain stimulus indicating a better recovery.
As lesões nervosas periféricas (LNP) não apresentam clinicamente um risco de morte ao indivíduo, porém podem resultar em distúrbios motores e sensoriais alterando a funcionalidade do membro afetado. A fototerapia utilizando laser de baixa potência (LBP) tem demonstrado efeitos positivos para o processo de reparo nervoso e muscular após diferentes tipos de lesão e pouco se conhece a respeito dos efeitos da terapia com diodo emissor de luz (LED, do inglês light emitting diode). Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do LED sobre o reparo nervoso e muscular de ratos Wistar pós lesão por esmagamento do nervo ciático. Metodologia: foram utilizados 85 ratos Wistar, pesando 200-250g, em 5 grupos: Controle: sem nenhum procedimento; Lesão: realizado apenas o esmagamento do Nervo Ciático Esquerdo (NCE); Lesão+LEDn: esmagamento do NCE e irradiação LED na área correspondente à lesão nervosa; Lesão+LEDm: esmagamento do NCE e LED no músculo Tibial Anterior; Lesão+LEDnm: esmagamento do NCE e irradiação LED na área correspondente à lesão nervosa e músculo. A aplicação do LED em região nervosa foi realizada com os seguintes parâmetros: comprimento de onda de 808nm, área do feixe 1cm2, potência média 40Mw, densidade de potência 0.04W/ cm2, densidade de energia 0.8 J/cm2, energia por ponto 0.8J, total de pontos 4, tempo por ponto 20seg, tempo total 80seg, energia por ponto 3.2J e em região muscular foi utilizado comprimento de onda de 808nm, área do feixe 1cm2, potência média 40Mw, densidade de potência 0.04W/ cm2, densidade de energia 0.4 J/cm2, energia por ponto 0.4J, total de pontos 8, tempo por ponto 10seg, tempo total 80seg, energia por ponto 3.2J. Ao término dos períodos experimentais, foi realizada a análise de marcha utilizando o Índice Funcional Ciático (IFC), bem como a análise da hiperalgesia mecânica através do teste de von Frey utilizando o analgesímetro de pressão com transdutor. Após a eutanásia dos animais os músculos Tibial Anterior direito e esquerdo foram removidos e pesados em uma balança semi-analítica para determinação do grau de atrofia muscular sendo calculada a relação de massa muscular. Resultado: Após a realização do IFC, no período de 7 dias, todos os grupos tratados com LED apresentaram uma melhora da marcha em relação ao grupo Lesão. O grupo LEDn foi o que apresentou o melhor resultado comparado ao grupo controle. Após 14 dias, o grupo LEDn e LEDnm apresentaram valores semelhantes ao grupo controle. Já em relação ao índice de atrofia muscular, no período de 7 dias, todos os grupos tratados com LED demonstraram uma diminuição do índice em relação ao grupo Controle. Em 14 dias, os grupos LED demonstraram um aumento em relação ao grupo Lesão. Em 21 e 28 dias, os grupos lesionados demonstraram uma diminuição em relação ao grupo Controle. Apenas o grupo LEDnm apresentou uma diminuição em relação ao grupo Lesão. No que diz respeito a hiperalgesia mecânica, os resultados obtidos demonstraram que em 7 dias, o grupo LEDn foi o que apresentou o melhor resultado comparado ao grupo controle. Em 14 dias, os grupos LEDn e LEDm apresentaram um aumento no limiar sendo necessário uma pressão maior para promover uma resposta álgica comparados ao grupo controle, tornando-os mais resistentes aos estímulos. Em 28 dias todos os grupos lesionados e tratados apresentaram um aumento da hiperalgesia em relação ao grupo controle. Conclusão: O LED aumentou a funcionalidade da marcha avaliada pelo IFC após 1 e 2 semanas pós LNP, especialmente quando foi usado na região nervosa associada ou não à região muscular, induziu um aumento na massa muscular em relação aos animais que não receberam tratamento no período de 2 semanas pós LNP e proporcionou um aumento no limiar álgico comparado ao grupo controle no período de 2 semanas pós LNP, sendo necessário um estímulo nociceptivo de maior intensidade para gerar o estímulo doloroso indicando uma melhor recuperação.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Di, Summa Pietro Giovanni. "Schwann cell-like differentiated adipose-derived stem cells : in vivo applications and future perspectives for nerve regeneration." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/schwann-celllike-differentiatedadiposederived-stem-cellsin-vivo-applications-and-futureperspectives-for-nerve-regeneration(cce4ab09-f58b-48c6-9372-5efcb1127e1a).html.

Full text
Abstract:
Traumatic injuries resulting in peripheral nerve lesions often require a graft to bridge the gap. Although autologous nerve graft is still the first choice strategy in reconstructions, it has the severe disadvantage of the sacrifice of a functional nerve. Cell transplantation in a bioartificial conduit is an alternative strategy to create a favourable environment for nerve regeneration. Among adult stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) are a useful tool in regenerative medicine as they can be induced towards multiple mesodermal and nonmesodermal lineages, being recently differentiated into cells showing Schwann cell-like morphology, glial cell markers and increased neurotrophic potential. The first two chapters of this work describe in vivo applications of Schwann cell-like differentiated ASC (dASC), seeded into biodegradable nerve guides made of fibrin, investigating both brief (2 weeks) and long (4 months) term effects on the regenerating nerves. Comparison was carried out with similarly differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (dMSC), Schwann cells (SC)and empty fibrin conduits, as well as with autologous nerve grafts. Regeneration was evaluated in a 1cm gap total axotomy sciatic nerve injury model on rats. Results showed that dASC could improve regeneration distance in a similar manner to other regenerative cells inthe brief term. This effect was maintained and strengthened in the long term, where nerve morphology, spinal motoneurons regeneration, protection from muscle atrophy and electrophysiological performances of regenerated nerves were analysed. dASC positive effects lasted in the long term with functional results comparable to the autologous nerve grafts, which served as controls. The third chapter focuses on the possibility to further improve dASC regenerative performances using fibronectin and laminin, two key extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules involved in nerve regeneration, with the future aim to optimize cell host, directional cues and neurotrophism of tissue engineered conduits. Fibronectin and laminin protected dASC from stress-induced cell death in vitro, significantly increasing cell adhesion and viability. Laminin significantly improved neurotrophic properties of dASC enhancing neurite outgrowth of both primary sensory neurons and NG108-15 neurons co-cultured with dASC, suggesting a further activation of the neurotrophic effect of dASC by ECM molecules. These improved effects were increased when a direct contact was established between the laminin substrate, dASC and neurons, suggesting a primary role of laminin in contact signalling, finally boosting the neurotrophic potential of dASC. Further studies will be needed to clarify the interactions between dASC and the complexniche of peripheral nerve regeneration, including the ECM molecules. However, the neurotrophic potential of dASC expressed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments opens wide perspectives in tissue engineering applications among new methods to enhance peripheral nerve repair.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Ferreira, Ricardo Gabriel de Sousa. "Efeito da técnica de mobilização neural na reabilitação de pacientes com lombociátalgia: uma revisão bibliográfica." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5887.

Full text
Abstract:
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Fisioterapia
Objectivo: Analisar diversos protocolos sobre os efeitos da mobilização neural na reabilitação de pacientes diagnosticados com lombociátalgia. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa computorizada nas bases de dados Web of knowledge, EBSCO, PubMed e PEDro para identificar estudos randomizados controlados que avaliassem os efeitos da mobilização neural na reabilitação de pacientes com lombociatalgia. Resultados: Foram incluídos 5 estudos randomizados controlados, com um total de 190 participantes. A mobilização neural demostrou resultados significativos na diminuição da dor, aumento de amplitude e de função comparado com a terapia dita tradicional. Um estudo destacou que a mobilização neural não apresenta aumento de dor durante o tratamento em questão. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram maior evidência da eficácia da mobilização, todavia, devido à heterogeneidade dos estudos é difícil definir a dose certa de tratamento, o tempo ideal para iniciar a terapia, assim como o efeito a longo-prazo.
Objective: Analyse several protocols about neural mobilization in the rehabilitation of patients with a lumbosciatalgia diagnosis. Methodology: It was done a computerized search in Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, PubMed and PEDro data base, to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of neural mobilization in the rehabilitation of patients with lumbosciatalgia. Results: There were included 5 randomized controlled trials, with 190 participants in total. Neural mobilization demonstrated significant results in pain reduction, amplitude and function increase compared to traditional therapy. One study pointed out that neural mobilization does not increase pain during the treatment in question. Conclusion: The results proved more efficacy of neural mobilization, however, because of the heterogeneity of the studies it is difficult to define the right dose of treatment, the optimal time to start therapy, as well as the long-term effect.
N/A
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Sousa, êlika Suzianny de. "Anatomia do nervo isquiático em ovinos da raça morada nova aplicada a clínica de pequenos ruminantes." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2008. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/374.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-15T20:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elika suzianny de sousa.pdf: 4361186 bytes, checksum: d0e2a9aa7b3fd1fec5070287e7c4bb9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In the last years have been increasing the interest for farms of goats and sheep within Brazil, furthermore is verified that are rare the citations in the referring literature for the origin and distribution of the sciatic nerve into musculature in small ruminant. Thus, the aim of this work was to promoter a detailed study regarding morphology neural of the sciatic nerve, which is of great importance for clinical conduct in small ruminant, contributing to prevent lesions of order iatrogenesis as through applications of medicines intramuscular and or for surgical procedures accomplished in the pelvic member. The experiment was executed in the Laboratory of Anatomy of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-arid. 20 stockings left carcasses of sheep were used, males of the Morada Nova race, with age between 6 and 7 months coming from Experimental farm of the EMPARN-RN. Thus, were proceeded dissections of the carcasses for exhibition of the ischiatic nerve, which the pieces has been conserved in freezer until the conclusion of the dissections. Simultaneously was placed on this cotton soaked in hydrogen peroxide to 20 volumes, staying for 12 followed hours for your clarification process, facilitating your visualization. It was verified variations in the number of lumbar vertebras and sacral of the sheep, which 90% of the animals presented 7 vertebras and 3 sacral and 10% had 6 lumbar vertebras and 4 sacral, altering consequently the origin of the nerve in these animals. In 15 animals (75%), the nerve were originated from L7S1S2; in two (10%), from L6S1S2; in two (10%) with L7S1S2S3 and in just one goat (5%), the formation of the nerve was originating from ventral branches of S1S2S3. In relationship the distribution of the ischiatic nerve for musculature, was observed in the muscle gluteobiceps innervations a variation from 2 to 5 branches; in semitendinosus muscle, sent among 1 to 3 branches; for quadriceps muscle of the thigh this contribution altered between 1 and 2 branches, which not was present in fifteen animals (75%); for the semimembranosus muscle, emitted between 2 and 4 threads. The sciatic nerve was found originating from the ventral branches of the sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves and of the first, second and third nerves spinal sacral
Nos últimos anos tem-se aumentado o interesse pela ovinocaprinocultura no Brasil e verifica-se que são raras as citações na literatura referentes à anatomia do nervo isquiático em pequenos ruminantes. Portanto, este trabalho visa o fornecimento da morfologia neural com estudo detalhado do nervo isquiático, sendo de grande importância para conduta clínica nestes animais, contribuindo para prevenir lesões de ordem iatrogênica como por meio de aplicações de medicamentos intramusculares profundos e/ou por procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados no membro pélvico. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de anatomia da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido. Foram utilizadas 20 meias carcaças esquerdas de ovinos, machos da raça morada nova, com faixa etária entre 6 e 7 meses de idade procedentes da Fazenda Experimental da EMPARN-RN. Realizaram-se dissecações das carcaças para exposição do nervo isquiático, sendo as peças conservadas em câmara fria até a conclusão das dissecações. Concomitantemente foi colocado sobre o nervo, algodão embebido em peróxido de hidrogênio a 20 volumes, permanecendo por 12 horas seguidas para o seu clareamento, facilitando sua visualização. Verificou-se variações na quantidade de vértebras lombares e sacrais do ovino, em que 90% dos animais apresentaram 7 vértebras lombares e 3 sacrais e em 10% tinham 6 vértebras lombares e 4 sacrais, alterando assim a origem do nervo nesses animais. Em 15 animais (75%), o nervo originou-se de L7S1S2; em dois (10%), de L6S1S2; em dois (10%) de L7S1S2S3 e em apenas um (5%), a formação do nervo foi proveniente de ramos ventrais de S1S2S3. Na distribuição do nervo isquiático pela musculatura, observou-se na contribuição da inervação do m. glúteobíceps uma variação de 2 a 5 ramos; no m. semitendinoso, enviou entre 1 a 3 filetes; para o m. quadríceps da coxa esta contribuição alternou-se entre 1 e 2 ramos, sendo que ela não esteve presente em quinze animais (75%); para o m. semimembranoso, houve emissão de 2 a 4 filetes. O nervo isquiático foi encontrado originando-se dos ramos ventrais dos nervos espinhais lombares e sacrais, além de apresentarem diversificação no número de vértebras
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Sato, Jun, Masahiro Yamasaki, Sayaka Omura, Yu Jin, Megumi Funakubo, Shiori Senoo, Morihiko Aoyama, and Kazue Mizumura. "Changes in Cardiovascular Parameters and Plasma Norepinephrine Level in Rats after Chronic Constriction Injury on the Sciatic Nerve." Elsevier, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8647.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Pereira, Rodrigo Norberto. "Efeito da catuama e do bilobalide na regeneração nervosa perifírica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquático /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89072.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Antonio Carlos Alessi
Banca: Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos
Banca: Roberta Ferro de Godoy
Resumo: Lesões no Sistema Nervoso Periférico (SNP) são relativamente freqüentes. Apesar do SNP apresentar capacidade regenerativa em muitas situações não ocorre regeneração nervosa adequada levando a perdas funcionais. A Catuama é a associação de quatro extratos hidroalcoólicos obtidos de plantas brasileiras (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Ptychopetalum olacoides e Zingiber officinale) com conhecida ação neuroprotetora, antiinflamatória, anti-oxidante e antidepressiva. O bilobalide é um componente extraído das folhas de Ginkgo biloba que tem demonstrada ação neuroprotetora nos sistemas nervosos central e periférico. O presente estudo avaliou a ação da Catuama e do bilobalide na regeneração nervosa periférica de ratos submetidos à secção do nervo isquiático e reparação com implante de tubo de silicone preenchido por colágeno deixando um intervalo entre os segmentos nervosos de 10mm. A Catuama foi administrada por via oral nos primeiros 28 dias de pós-operatório, nas doses de 100, 200 e 400mg/kg e comparada ao bilobalide na dose de 200μM adicionado ao colágeno líquido do implante e ao grupo controle. Os animais foram avaliados na primeira, quinta e décima semana de pós-operatório pelo teste de marcha e na décima semana pela avaliação eletrofiosiológica e pelas análises quantitativa e qualitativa dos cortes histológicos de amostras do nervo isquiático e do músculo gastrocnêmio. Em todas as análises utilizadas não foi encontrada diferença (P>0,05) entre os grupos experimentais o que indica que a Catuama e o bilobalide não interferiram na regeneração nervosa periférica nas condições experimentais.
Abstract: Peripheral nerve lesions are common. Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries is frequently poor, despite the capacity for axonal regeneration, resulting in most cases in a functional loss of the nerve. The Catuama is composed of four brasilian plants extracts (Paullinia cupana, Trichilia catigua, Ptychopetalum olacoides e Zingiber officinale). The Catuama is known as having neuroprotector, antinflamatory, antioxidant and antidepressive effects. Bilobalide, extraction of the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, is known by it's neuroprotector effect in the central and peripheral nervous system. The present study evaluates the effect of Catuama and bilobalide on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats following a sciatic nerve section. Sciatic nerve of adult rats was transected with a 10-mm gap and the proximal and distal nerve stumps were fixed in a silicone tube filled with collagen. The Catuama was oral administered along 28 days after the surgery. Three different treatment groups using doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of Catuama were compared with one group using 200μM bilobalide associated with the liquid collagen in the silicone tube and the control group. Animals evaluations were done by a walk test on the first, fifth and tenth week after the surgery. Eletrophysiologic stimulation and quantitative and qualitative hystologic analysis of the sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle were also realized on the tenth week after the surgery. No statistical difference was found in these variables between the five groups (P >0.05). These results suggest that there was no effect of Catuama or bilobalide on peripheral nerve regeneration regeneration.
Mestre
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Raso, Vanessa Vilela Monte. "Os efeitos do ultra-som terapêutico no tratamento das lesões por esmagamento do nervo ciático de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-29032006-162034/.

Full text
Abstract:
Foi realizado um estudo experimental da influência do ultra-som terapêutico na regeneração do nervo ciático submetido a esmagamento controlado, em ratos. Foram empregados no estudo 20 ratos da linhagem Wistar, de peso médio em torno de 250 g, divididos em dois grupos, conforme o tipo de procedimento realizado: 1) somente esmagamento, dez ratos; e 2) esmagamento e irradiação com ultra-som, 10 ratos. Sob anestesia, o nervo ciático era exposto na coxa direita do animal e esmagado com um dispositivo especialmente idealizado e confeccionado para essa finalidade, com uma carga fixa de 15 Kg, por 10 minutos, num segmento de 5 mm proximal à sua bifurcação. A irradiação com o ultra-som pulsado (1:5, freqüência de 1 MHz, intensidade de 0.4 W/'CM POT.2', duração de 2 minutos) era iniciada já no primeiro dia pós-operatório e realizada por dez dias consecutivos. Os resultados foram avaliados pela análise funcional da impressão plantar dos animais obtidas numa pista de marcha e determinação do índice funcional do ciático (De Medinaceli e Bain, Mackinnon e Hunter), e pela morfometria, através do cálculo da densidade de fibras nervosas, após sacrifício dos animais no vigésimo primeiro dia pós-operatório. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise estatística e mostraram que, nas condições do trabalho, o ultra-som acelerou a regeneração do nervo, demonstrável com significância no vigésimo primeiro dia pós-operatório
An experimental study of the influence of therapeutic ultrasound on the regeneration of the sciatic nerve submitted to controlled crush injury was carried out in rats. Twenty female Wistar rats weighing 250 g on average were used and distributed in two groups according to the procedure: 1) crush injury only, ten rats; 2) crush injury followed by ultrasound irradiation, ten rats. Under general anesthesia the sciatic nerve was exposed on the right thigh and crushed with a device especially devised and built for that purpose, with a 15 kg constant load for 10 minutes, affecting a 5 mm-long segment of the nerve proximal to its bifurcation. Pulsed ultrasound irradiation (1:5, 1 MHz frequency, 0.4 W/'CM POT.2' intensity, 2 minutes duration) was started the day after the operation and repeated for ten consecutive days. The results were evaluated by functional footprint analysis and determination of the sciatic functional index (DeMedinaceli's and Bain, Mackinnon and Hunter's methods) at weekly intervals, and by morphometry (nerve fiber density) of the resected sciatic nerve after killing the animals on the 21st postoperative day. Results were submitted to statistical evaluation and showed that, in the conditions of the study, ultrasound accelerated nerve regeneration, as demonstrated with significance on the 21st postoperative day
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Longo, Marco Vinicius Losso. "Influência da adição de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas de tecido adiposo associadas a conduto de fibrina na regeneração de nervo periférico em modelo experimental de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-21012016-164659/.

Full text
Abstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento padrão para lesões de nervo periférico que não podem ser suturados primariamente é a enxertia de nervo autólogo. Esse método, porém, carece de resultados satisfatórios e impõe algumas limitações técnicas e complicações. Várias opções já foram estudadas como alternativas ao enxerto de nervo, porém ainda não há conduto biológico ou sintético disponível para uso clínico que tenha a mesma capacidade regenerativa do enxerto de nervo autólogo. Os avanços em cultura celular e o maior entendimento dos mecanismos moleculares e celulares da regeneração nervosa levaram ao uso de células promotoras de regeneração associado aos condutos na tentativa de melhorar os resultados da reconstrução nervosa. Vários estudos demonstraram que o uso de célulastronco derivadas de tecido adiposo (ADSC) em condutos aloplásticos potencializa a regeneração neural. No entanto, nenhum estudo até hoje comparou a adição de ADSC indiferenciadas em conduto aloplástico ao tratamento padrão com autoenxerto. Esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da adição de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas de tecido adiposo em conduto de fibrina na regeneração de nervo periférico e comparar com enxertia de nervo autógeno em modelo experimental de ratos. MÉTODO: Em um modelo de lesão de nervo ciático (defeito de 10 mm) foram avaliados 30 ratos Wistar divididos em 3 grupos. O defeito de nervo foi reconstruído usando conduto de fibrina (Grupo Conduto, n=10), conduto de fibrina acrescido de ADSC (Grupo ADSC, n=10) e autoenxerto do nervo (Grupo Autoenxerto, n=10). A avaliação funcional dos ratos foi realizada com o teste de marcha (walking track analysis) com 4, 8 e 12 semanas e o índice de função ciática (IFC) foi determinado. Após 12 semanas, o peso do músculo tríceps sural foi avaliado. Segmentos dos nervos regenerados também foram coletados para análises histológicas como densidade axonal e diâmetro médio das fibras. RESULTADOS: O grupo Conduto mostrou recuperação funcional no teste da marcha após a reconstrução do nervo, porém com resultados inferiores aos outros dois grupos. O grupo ADSC mostrou recuperação intermediária e o grupo Autoenxerto obteve os melhores resultados (IFC com 12 semanas de -53,3±.3 vs -44,7±3 vs - 35,6±2, respectivamente, p < 0,001). A relação de peso do músculo tríceps sural no grupo Conduto foi de 41,1±3%, no grupo ADSC de 53,3±4% e no grupo Autoenxerto de 71,0 ± 4% (p < 0,001). Na avaliação histológica, o grupo Conduto mostrou densidade axonal de 39,8±3 axônios/10.995?m2 e diâmetro médio das fibras de 3,9 ± 0?m2, o grupo ADSC densidade axonal de 58,8 ± 3 axônios/10.995um2 e diâmetro médio das fibras de 4,9 ± 1um2 e o grupo Autoenxerto densidade axonal de 67,1±2 axônios/10.995?m2 e diâmetro médio das fibras de 8,9±1um2 (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A adição de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas de tecido adiposo (ADSC) em conduto de fibrina na regeneração de nervo periférico, em modelo experimental de ratos, mostrou recuperação funcional e regeneração histológica estatisticamente mais significativa comparada à reconstrução somente com conduto de fibrina, porém ainda aquém dos resultados obtidos com enxertia de nervo autógeno
Introduction: The standard treatment for peripheral nerve injuries that cannot be primarily sutured is nerve autograft. But this method lacks satisfactory results and imposes some technical limitations and complications. Several options have been studied as alternatives to nerve autografting, but there is no biological or synthetic conduit available for clinical use that provides the same regenerative capacity of nerve autograft. Advances in cell culture and understanding of nerve regeneration mechanisms led to the use of regeneration-inducing cells in association with conduits, in an attempt to improve the reconstruction results. Several studies have shown that the use of adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) into conduits enhances neural regeneration. However, there is no study that compared the addition of undifferentiated ADSC in alloplastic conduit to standard treatment with autograft. This study evaluated the influence of the addition of adipose derived stem cell in fibrin conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration in comparison to the nerve autograft, in a rat model. Method: A sciatic nerve injury model (10-mm defect) was performed in 30 Wistar rats, which were divided into 3 groups. Nerve defect was reconstructed using fibrin conduit (Conduit group, n=10), fibrin conduit filled with ADSC (ADSC group, n = 10) and nerve autograft, (Autograft group, n=10). The walking behavior was measured by footprint analysis at 4, 8, and 12 weeks and sciatic function index (SFI) was determined. After 12 weeks, the triceps surae muscle weight was evaluated and histological analysis was performed to evaluate the regenerated nerve and measured axonal density and fibers diameter average. Results: The Conduit group showed less improvement in walking behavior compared to ADSC group and Autograft group (SFI at 12 weeks, - 53.3 ± .3 vs -44.7 ± 3 vs -35.6 ± 2 respectively, p< 0.001). The triceps surae muscle weight ratio of the fibrin conduit group was 41.1± 3%, ADSC group was 53.3 ± 4%, and Autograft group 71.0 ± 4% (p < 0.001). In histological evaluation, the Conduit group showed axonal density of 39.8±3 axons/10995um2 and fiber diameter average of 3.9±0 ?m2, the ADSC group had axonal density of 58.8 ± 3 axons/10995 um2 and fiber diameter average of 4.9±1?m2 and axon density of Autograft group was 67.1±2 axons/10995 um2 and fiber diameter average was 8.9±1?m2 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The addition of adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) into fibrin conduit used for nerve reconstruction following peripheral nerve injury in the rat model, showed better functional recovery and better histological regeneration compared to reconstruction with fibrin conduit without ADSC. However, the functional recovery in the ADSC group was worse than that in nerve Autograft group and the nerve repair with the ADSC-fibrin conduit has less myelinated fibers when compared to the repair with nerve autograf
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Roque, Domingos Donizeti. "Enxerto venoso ao avesso e normal, com ou sem preenchimento de músculo, em regeneração nervosa de ratos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100380.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Fausto Viterbo
Banca: Antonio de Castro Rodrigues
Banca: Gerson Chadi
Banca: Antonio João Tedesco-Marchese
Banca: Jesus Carlos Andreo
Resumo: Foram estudadas neste trabalho quatro maneiras de regenerar o nervo ciático do rato em "gap" de 1O milímetros mediante tubulização com v4e'ia n.o.r.m. al e ao avesso, preenchida ou não com o músculo tibial caudal direito:"Foram utilizados 70 ratos Wistar, machos, pesando entre 180 a 210 g, divididos em quatro grupos experimentais com 15 animais cada grupo (VASP - veia ao avesso sem preenchimento; VAME - veia ao avesso preenchida com músculo esquelético; VNSP - veia normal sem preenchimento e VNME - veia normal preenchida com músculo esquelético) e um grupo com 10 animais (Sham) usado como controle. A veia jugular externa esquerda foi utilizada como enxerto venoso. No grupo "Sham" o nervo ciático direito foi exposto sem realizar-se nenhum procedimento sobre o mesmo. Os animais foram sacrificados 12 semanas após a cirurgia. Retirou-se amostras nos locais dos enxertos e nos cotos distais do nervo reparado, destinadas às observações histomorfológicas e morfométricas. Para a análise estatística dos cinco grupos experimentais utilizou-se a análise de variância (ANOV A) com teste F e o método de Scheffé. Observou-se regeneração nervosa em todos os grupos. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos nos grupos VASP, VAME e VNSP. O pior resultado foi com o grupo VNME na maioria dos atributos analisados, tanto no enxerto quanto no coto distal.
Abstract: The venous tubulization procedure filled with muscle was used to study nerve regeneration of the right sciatic nerve a 10 mm gap using different procedures. Seventy male Wistar rats weighting 180 to 210 g were divided into four experimental groups: inside-out vein graft (lOVG); inside-out vein graft filled with skeletal muscle (lOVGSM); standard vein graft (SVG) and standard vein graft filled with skeletal muscle (SVGSM), with 15 animaIs each. Ten rats were used as sham control. Left external jugular vein were harvested and used to bridge a 10 mm gap. 1n sham group the right sciatic nerve was expose without achieve someone procedure on nerve. AnimaIs were sacrificed 12 weeks after tubulization and fragments obtained from the grafts and distal stumps were histomorphometric analyzed. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, F-test and Scheffe's method) indicated that the best results regarding nerve regeneration were observed in 10VG; 10VGSM and SVG groups. The worst result was obtained with SVGSM.
Doutor
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Rogério, Fábio 1977. "Ação da melatonina sobre a morte neuronal induzida pela secção do nervo ciatico em ratos neonatos." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314231.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Francesco Langone
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T21:22:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio_Fabio_D.pdf: 6070171 bytes, checksum: 09dbd001354ef5fc115682fa346982ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Morte neuronal pode ser induzida em ratos neonatos por axotomia periférica. A privação de fatores tróficos sintetizados por células alvo seria uma importante causa, pois favoreceria a ocorrência de estresse oxidativo. No presente estudo, ratos com dois dias de vida (P2) foram submetidos a secção unilateral do ciático, tratados diariamente com o antioxidante melatonina e sacrificados entre P2 e P7, período em que ocorre maior perda celular. Na intumescência lombar, foram avaliadas a expressão e distribuição tecidual das isoformas 1 e 2 da superóxido dismutase (SODI e 2), das isoformas neuronal (nNOS), endotelial (eNOS) e induzível (iNOS) da óxido nítrico sintase (NOS) e da Bax e Bcl-2 (indutora e supressora da morte celular, respectivamente). Também foram investigadas a atividade da NOS e fragmentação de DNA. Cinco dias depois da lesão, a axotomia determinou perda de 55% dos motoneurônios. Após o mesmo período, o tratamento com melatonina garantiu a sobrevivência de 75% dos neurônios acometidos. Um dia depois da axotomia, a expressão da SODI foi reduzida em 25% nos ratos lesados. Por outro lado, a administração de melatonina aumentou a síntese desta enzima em 25%. A axotomia elevou a atividade da nNOS e eNOS 1 e 6 horas após a lesão. A melatonina aumentou a atividade da nNOS e eNOS e diminuiu a da iNOS no terceiro dia. Os níveis de mRNA e de células positivas para Bax e a ocorrência de quebra de DNA aumentaram no primeiro dia. Esta última foi reduzida pelo tratamento com melatonina. A axotomia não alterou a expressão e imunomarcação para iNOS e para Bcl-2, nem aumentou a imunorreatividade para Bax em motoneurônios. O efeito neuroprotetor e antioxidante da melatonina no presente modelo experimental suporta sua investigação em alterações neurológicas associadas com estresse oxidativo
Abstract: Neuronal death may be induced in neonatal rats by peripheral axotomy. Deprivation of trophic factor produced by target cells would play a role, since it would favor oxidative stress. In the present study, rats at an age of two days postnatally (P2) were subjected to unilateral sciatic transection, daily treatment with the antioxidant melatonin and sacrificed at time points ranging from P2 to P7, when the majority of the axotomised cells is 10s1. Expression and immunohistochemical detection of superoxide dismutase isoforms 1 and 2 (SOD 1 and 2) were investigated in the lumbar enlargement. Neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and Bax and Bcl-2 (cell death promoter and suppressor, respectively) were also evaluated. Finally, NOS activity and DNA fragmentation were assessed. Five days after lesion, 55% of the axotomised motoneurons died. Melatonin rescued 75% ofthe injured motoneurons. On the first day, SODl expression was reduced by 25% in axotomised rats, whereas melatonin administration yielded an increase of 25% in such expression. nNOS and eNOS activity rose at 1 and 6 hours after lesion. Melatonin increased nNOS and eNOS activity and reduced iNOS catalytic rate on the third day. Bax mRNA levels, number of Bax-positive cells and DNA fragmentation augmented on the first day. The latter was decreased by melatonin. Axotomy did not alter immunostaining for and expression of iNOS and Bcl-2. In addition, the injury did not induce Bax expression in motoneurons. The neuroprotective and antioxidant effect of melatonin in the present experimental model support the investigation of this neurohormone in neurological diseases associated with oxidative stress
Doutorado
Fisiologia
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Peterson, Erik J. "INFRARED NEURAL STIMULATION AND FUNCTIONALRECRUITMENT OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1363640552.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Carter, Julie. "In vivo and in vitro studies of laminin and nidogen gene expression during postnatal development of the mouse sciatic nerve." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320496.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Sanchez, Diego Noé Rodriguez [UNESP]. "Efeito do transplante de células-tronco mesenquimais multipotentes na regeneração de nervo periférico em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139525.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by DIEGO NOE RODRIGUEZ SANCHEZ null (dnr_51@hotmail.com) on 2016-06-22T16:49:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Diego_Final.pdf: 62116504 bytes, checksum: c5a01fb03474d162a65b0ca8041e5d46 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-23T19:11:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sanchez_dnr_me_bot.pdf: 62116504 bytes, checksum: c5a01fb03474d162a65b0ca8041e5d46 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-23T19:11:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sanchez_dnr_me_bot.pdf: 62116504 bytes, checksum: c5a01fb03474d162a65b0ca8041e5d46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-12
As lesões de nervos periféricos por neurotmese apresentam resultados paradoxais na recuperação pela ausência na regeneração. Assim, manter o ambiente permissivo de crescimento no coto distal após a lesão é essencial, sendo as células de Schwann chaves neste processo. A terapia celular apresenta potencial para a regeneração nervosa, baseado na substituição celular e promoção do crescimento axonal. As células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes de tecido adiposo (CTMM-TA) são uma fonte promissora pela fácil obtenção, expansão in vitro e por apresentarem propriedades imunomoduladoras e antinflamatórias. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os efeitos do transplante de CTMM caninas e murinas em combinação com a técnica de tubulação com veia descelularizada, na regerenaração do nervo ciático em modelo experimental de neurotmese em ratos. Ratos Wistar submetidos a neurotmese do nervo ciático foram divididos em 5 grupos: Grupo controle (GC), Grupo denervado (GD), Grupo Transplante de Veia descelularizada (GV), Grupo Veia + células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes caninas (GCTMMc), Grupo Veia + células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes murinas (GCTMMm). Após a marcação com nanocristais fluorescentes e viabilidade celular, 1 x 106 CTMM caninas e murinas foram injetadas depois da realização da lesão experimental por neurotmese com 10mm por tubulação com veia descelularizada nos grupos GCTMMc e GCTMMm, e solução tampão salina de Hank's (HBSS) no grupo veia (GV). Durante o período de 35 dias, o índice de funcionalidade do nervo ciático (IFNC) e a eletroneuromiografia (ENMG) foram realizadas para avaliar a recuperação funcional. Análises histológicas e imunohistoquímicas foram efetuadas para revelar a mielinização, a produção de fatores neurtróficos e a persistencia das CTMM. Observaram-se resultados positivos funcionais nos dias 27 e 35 no grupo tratado com GCTMMm. Os resultados eletrofisiológicos de latência (m/s) e amplitude (mV) no nervo ciático foram superiores nos grupos GCTMMc e GCTMMm. Na avaliação do número e a densidade de fibras nervosas, os grupos GCTMMm e GCTMMc, mostraram melhores resultados. Foi observado uma expressão significativamente alta de BDNF no grupo GCTMMc, associado com o incremento na expressão da proteína S-100 nos grupos GCTMMc e GCTMMm, comparado com o GD. Demonstrou-se, também, que as CTMM derivadas do tecido adiposo canino e murino apresentaram efeitos positivos na regeneração do nervo ciático após neurotmese em ratos.
The peripheral nerves injury by neurotmesis presents confusing results in the recovery by the lack of regeneration. Thus, it is essential to maintain a growth permissive microenvironment in the distal stump following injury for Schwann cells. The cell therapy has therapeutic potential for nerve regenertion, based on cell replacement and promotion of axonal growth. Adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) are a promising source for easy retrieval and expansion in vitro and have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of canine and murine MSC transplantation in combination with the tubulization of decellularized vein in sciatic nerve regeneration. Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (CG), denervated group (DG), decellularized vein transplantation group (VG), vein + canine MSC group (cMSC) and vein + murine MSC group (mMSC). After labeling with fluorescent nanocrystals and cell viability, 1 x 106 canine and murine MSC were injected after experimental injury for neurotmesis with 10mm and tubulization with decellularized vein in the cMSC and mMSC groups. During a period of 35 days the sciatic nerve functional index (SFI) and electroneuromyography (EMG) were performed to access functional recovery. Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate myelination, neurotrophic factor production and persistence of MSC. It was observed functional postive results at 27th and 35th days in the group treated with mMSC. The electrophysiologycal results of latency (m/s) and amplitude (mV) in the sciatic nerve, they were higher in groups cMSC and mMSC. In assessing the number and density of nerve fibers, mMSC and cMSC groups showed better results. It was observed a significantly higher BDNF expression than the cMSC group, associated with increased xvi expression of S-100 protein in the cMSC and mMSC groups compared to the GD. Also, it has been shown that MSC canine and murine derived of adipose tissue (AdMSC) showed positive effects on the sciatic nerve regeneration in the rat model neurotmesis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Sanchez, Diego Noé Rodriguez. "Efeito do transplante de células-tronco mesenquimais multipotentes na regeneração de nervo periférico em ratos." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139525.

Full text
Abstract:
Orientador: Rogerio Martins Amorim
Resumo: As lesões de nervos periféricos por neurotmese apresentam resultados paradoxais na recuperação pela ausência na regeneração. Assim, manter o ambiente permissivo de crescimento no coto distal após a lesão é essencial, sendo as células de Schwann chaves neste processo. A terapia celular apresenta potencial para a regeneração nervosa, baseado na substituição celular e promoção do crescimento axonal. As células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes de tecido adiposo (CTMM-TA) são uma fonte promissora pela fácil obtenção, expansão in vitro e por apresentarem propriedades imunomoduladoras e antinflamatórias. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os efeitos do transplante de CTMM caninas e murinas em combinação com a técnica de tubulação com veia descelularizada, na regerenaração do nervo ciático em modelo experimental de neurotmese em ratos. Ratos Wistar submetidos a neurotmese do nervo ciático foram divididos em 5 grupos: Grupo controle (GC), Grupo denervado (GD), Grupo Transplante de Veia descelularizada (GV), Grupo Veia + células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes caninas (GCTMMc), Grupo Veia + células tronco mesenquimais multipotentes murinas (GCTMMm). Após a marcação com nanocristais fluorescentes e viabilidade celular, 1 x 106 CTMM caninas e murinas foram injetadas depois da realização da lesão experimental por neurotmese com 10mm por tubulação com veia descelularizada nos grupos GCTMMc e GCTMMm, e solução tampão salina de Hank's (HBSS) no grupo veia (GV). Durante o ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The peripheral nerves injury by neurotmesis presents confusing results in the recovery by the lack of regeneration. Thus, it is essential to maintain a growth permissive microenvironment in the distal stump following injury for Schwann cells. The cell therapy has therapeutic potential for nerve regenertion, based on cell replacement and promotion of axonal growth. Adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) are a promising source for easy retrieval and expansion in vitro and have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of canine and murine MSC transplantation in combination with the tubulization of decellularized vein in sciatic nerve regeneration. Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (CG), denervated group (DG), decellularized vein transplantation group (VG), vein + canine MSC group (cMSC) and vein + murine MSC group (mMSC). After labeling with fluorescent nanocrystals and cell viability, 1 x 106 canine and murine MSC were injected after experimental injury for neurotmesis with 10mm and tubulization with decellularized vein in the cMSC and mMSC groups. During a period of 35 days the sciatic nerve functional index (SFI) and electroneuromyography (EMG) were performed to access functional recovery. Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate myelination, neurotrophic factor production and persistence of MSC. It was observed functional postive results a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

Wong, Yi-Ching, and 翁義清. "Biomechanical Properties of Rat Sciatic Nerve." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20744479856608983981.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
國立中央大學
機械工程研究所
93
The present study was conducted to investigate the in vitro tensile properties and stress relaxation behavior of sciatic nerves of Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar rats under two different initial strain rates, 0.02 and 0.2 s-1. Results showed that for a strain rate of 0.02 s-1 the ultimate stress, elastic modulus and failure strain are 3.66 �b 1.20 MPa, 6.58 �b 3.22 MPa and 0.91 �b 0.18, respectively. The corresponding values for 0.2 s-1 are 4.72 �b 1.21 MPa, 12.56 �b 4.11 MPa and 0.77 �b 0.27, respectively. Such results indicate that a higher strain rate would result in a greater elastic modulus but ultimate stress and failure strain level would not be affected by strain rate according to statistical analysis. In addition, microstructural analysis showed that perineurium and epineurium were responsible for the tensile strength of rat sciatic nerve. With regard to the effects of initial strain rate on the stress relaxation behavior, a slower initial stain rate would cause a greater extent of stress relaxation at a constant strain of 33%, but an opposite trend was found for a constant strain of 50%. However, no statistically significant effect of initial strain rate could be found on the stress relaxation behavior of rat sciatic nerve at a constant strain of 66%. It was also found that the extent of stress relaxation under a constant strain of 33% was greater than those under 50% and 66% at a low initial strain rate of 0.02 s-1. Nevertheless, the extents of stress relaxation at a high initial strain rate of 0.2 s-1 were comparable among the given three constant strain levels. Finally, the stress relaxation results at all given testing conditions could be well correlated by a viscoelastic model (the Kelvin model).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Jen, Jui-Chi, and 任睿麒. "Sciatic Nerve Repair by Microgrooved Nerve Conduits Made of Chitosan-gold Nanocomposites." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41312380916575370350.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
中興大學
獸醫微生物學研究所
94
Peripheral nerve injury affects up to 2.8% of trauma patients. The gold standard for repairing peripheral nerve injury gaps is the nerve autograft. However, if the nerve injury gap is too long to repair, an artificial nerve conduit is needed. The nerve conduit can provide the structural support and facilitate tissue repair. The conduits with microgrooved inner lumen and seeded with aligned Schwann cells were known to accelerate the peripheral nerve repair. In this study, microgrooved films made of chitosan-gold nanocomposite were found to align cells better than the microgrooved pristine chitosan. The microgrooved conduits made by the chitosan-gold nanocomposite films seeded with mouse neural stem cells were implanted into the 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defects. After 6 weeks, the repair in the nanocomposite microgrooved conduits was superior to that in the chitosan microgrooved conduits or the conduits without neural stem cells. Myelination was found inside the nanocomposite microgrooved conduits by histological examination.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography