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Adams, Rebecca Clark White. "School system merger: A study of power and redistribution of resources." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539618699.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the merger of the school systems of the City of South Norfolk and Norfolk County in the State of Virginia. The merger of these two geographical entitites was consummated on January 1, 1963. Norfolk County was formed in 1636 by the Virginia General Assembly. The cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and South Norfolk were carved from this county. A series of annexations by these cities between 1940 and 1960 cost Norfolk County thirty-three square miles of territory, 110,000 residents, and {dollar}1,881,000 in revenue.;In order to protect its viability, Norfolk County voted to merge with the small City of South Norfolk. The City of Chesapeake was formed. Since schools were a major issue during the pre-merger campaign, this study examined the merger of the two school systems with primary emphasis on the control of power and the distribution of resources for facilities in the newly formed city.;The research data included primary and secondary sources in the areas of documents, newspapers, oral history, quantitative records, historical texts, and relics. A number of major figures in the school system of that period were available for personal interviews.;The hypothesis that resources for facilities were distributed equitably to the former South Norfolk and Norfolk County areas was accepted. Equitable did not mean equal since South Norfolk schools were in much greater physical need at the time of the 1963 merger. Therefore, the new Chesapeake School Board provided a larger share of the 1963 bond revenues and other fiscal resources to the former South Norfolk schools.;The hypothesis that the power in the newly merged Chesapeake School System was unevenly controlled by former Norfolk County leaders and residents was accepted. While it is fair to conclude from a review of School Board minutes, newspapers, periodicals, and interviews that former Norfolk County leaders and residents controlled decisionmaking through the Chesapeake School Board and major central office leadership roles, there was no indication that this power was used unjustly. Research into sources of the period and extensive interviews indicated that the leaders genuinely wanted the best for the new school system.;The issues of power and distribution of resources examined in this dissertation must be considered in any merger of school systems. Research into other school system mergers would advance this study.
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Park, Kathleen Marshall. "The CEO-merger connection : a top leadership perspective on large intercorporate combinations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33659.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 268-299).
To better understand large mergers and acquisitions (M&A) as major intercorporate strategic maneuvers, I study a key concern from the chief executive perspective at each stage of combining two firms. For the inception stage, I explore CEO merger motives; for the implementation stage, I examine CEO leadership; for the outcome stage, I consider the postacquisition mobility consequences for CEOs as well as the financial performance of the merged firms. ][ study these issues in the total sequence of merging from the perspectives of the acquiring and the target CEOs. The investigation relies on interviews with selected CEOs and also secondary data on all CEOs and firms participating in the 158 largest U.S. public M&A deals announced during the 1990s worldwide merger wave and completed during 1993-2002. These large deals embodied unprecedented valuation and complexity requiring the sustained attention and commitment of chief executives from both sides of the transaction. The first empirical section explores CEO motivations for merging. Merger motives have not been well understood, and previous research has tended to segment perspectives from different disciplines.
(cont.) Drawing on strategic management, organization studies, and financial economics, I examine the five merger motives advanced to date-synergy, managerialism, hubris, free cash flow, and imitation-and add the overarching motive of metamorphosis. The metamorphosis motive proposes that mergers create profound organizational change in three dimensions: (1) management structure, (2) strategic direction, and (3) corporate culture. The second section examines CEO leadership roles in M&A transactions. Drawing on the knowledge and resource based views of the firm and the literature on the chief executive function, I identify three phases in the similar merger-related roles of acquiring and target CEOs. In the context of large U.S. mergers in the financial services, computer software, oil and gas, telecommunications, and utilities industries, the purview of acquiring and target CEOs included: (1) making the merger, (2) placing and displacing people, and (3) fulfilling the strategic vision. The third section applies perspectives from human capital, social capital, market discipline, and dyadic relative standing to analyze the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the subsequent career mobility of the merger architects.
(cont.) My analysis differs from previous research by providing a finer-grained operationalization of relative status, examining the fates of both acquiring and target CEOs, and determining postacquisition career outcomes beyond stay or go. Based on a sample of completed large M&A transactions, I conclude that acquiring as well as target CEOs experience elevated departure rates compared to non-merged CEOs; that human capital, social capital and market discipline do not explain departure incidence but that the status parity or discrepancy between the partnering CEOs does; and that merger-displaced CEOs continue to have elite job prospects in public and private firms. Moreover, I determine that the average financial performance of the merged firms in the dataset confirms the established finding of null return to the acquiring firm shareholders relative to the appropriate market benchmark.
by Kathleen Marshall Park.
Ph.D.
3
Mpiwa, Maritshi Peter. "Heads of departments experiences of school mergers in North West province." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80486.
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Although there has been much research on school mergers, there has not been a strong focus on the way in which heads of departments (hereafter HoDs) in the North West province experience school mergers. This qualitative case study, which used an interpretative paradigm, built on and contributed to understanding successful strategies used by displaced HoDs from middle to primary or secondary schools in performing their roles and responsibilities after the school mergers, the challenges they experienced and how they approached such challenges. Semi-structured interviews and a document analysis with purposive sampling of nine (9) participants, comprising six (6) female HoDs and six (3) male HoDs, were used to collect the requisite data. The study was underpinned by a conceptual framework, to identify and construct my views as a researcher, on the HoDs experiences of school mergers in North West province (Adom, Hussein & Agyem, 2018) as a lens for data analysis. The study findings indicated that there had been a significant change in the roles and responsibilities performed by the displaced HoDs. The HoDs had also demonstrated resistance to the school mergers as they had not been prepared for handling tensions and opposition (Pinheiro, Geschwind & Aarrevaara, 2016). It was also found that the HoDs had different understandings and interpretations of the concept of a school merger, and that the NWDoE had undermined them and had also not prepared them adequately enough for both the school merged and to cope in their new roles. The findings also indicated that the NWDoE had done very little to involve the HoDs in the entire school merger process. In addition, the findings also revealed that generally teaching and administering curriculum was a challenge for some of the expatriate HoDs due content gap in the subject areas allocated to them in their new roles. Accordingly, the study pointed out the need for retraining and workshopping the displaced HoDs, as well as placement in line with their areas of specialisation and proficiency. It was hoped that this might help them to handle the tensions they were experiencing and to decrease their opposition, diminish their resistance and, finally, assist them in performing their hugely changed roles and responsibilities in their new schools.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria 2020.
Education Management and Policy Studies
MEd
Unrestricted
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Hortal, Andréas 1967. "The negotiation process in a recent mega merger : the case study of Hewlett-Packard / Compaq." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29705.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2003.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis intends to present a detailed analysis of the merger process carried out by Hewlett Packard and Compaq under the scope of the negotiation process. It will address how the parties involved negotiated, and how internal and external negotiations unfolded at the same time. It starts with a description of the different parties involved and each interest at stake. It continues with a detailed explanation about the reasons that these two companies had to merge, the reasons why the Hewlett family opposed the merger, and how the competition was affected. After a chronology of the merger, this research ends with an analysis of the behavior of each party in the negotiation process and from that perspective, what are the lessons learned from this case.
by Andréas Hortal.
M.B.A.
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Goda, Shinichi. "Economics of merger in the commercial banking industry : a study of U.S. and Japanese commercial banks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13342.
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Ferreira, Renee. "The location decision of PE College after a merger." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/256.
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The Port Elizabeth College (PE College) was founded in January 2002 as a result of the merger between the three technical colleges in Port Elizabeth, namely, Russell Road, Bethelsdorp and Iqhayiya. Similar courses are offered in duplicated facilities, contrary to the sentiment of the legislation requiring the reduction of the number of technical colleges from 152 to 50. A further problem experienced by the management of PE College is that the Russell Road campus is so full that it is necessary to turn prospective students away, while the other campuses are under-utilised. The focus of this study is the evaluation of the location and coverage offered by the six PE College sites of delivery. The study examined the physical facilities of the PE College and investigated the requirements of staff and students, regarding their campuses of choice. The objectives were achieved through site visits to the six campuses, as well as a quantitative, structured, self-administered survey of all staff and students of the PE College in October 2003. The questions used in the survey were selected only after a literature review of location theory, which highlighted the factors to be considered in location decisions. Completed questionnaires were received from 1 256 student and 120 staff respondents. The empirical study showed that 13,2% of students and 9,2% of staff wished to study or work at a different campus. Sixty-eight percent of students who wanted to change campuses preferred to be based at the Russell Road campus, which is already full. As a result, this study has led to the recommendation that the PE College should use a product-based location strategy, where each campus specialises in a different field of study. Although this location strategy will not necessarily offer the greatest accessibility to students and staff, it will result in the least amount of duplication, and, therefore, reduced costs.
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Crowe, Christopher Hugh. "A qualitative multiple-case study of the merger that formed Twin Rivers Unified School District." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3570764.
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The history of public education in America is a history of school district mergers. Population growth and improvements in transportation and communication brought isolated communities together. Financial pressures and promises of economies of scale overcame reluctance to merger. In more recent times, federal and state legislation has provided impetus for school district consolidation. The merger that formed Twin Rivers Unified School District delivers a current view of the complexity of merging school districts. The purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to examine the merger that formed Twin Rivers Unified School District (Twin Rivers). The passage of Measure B in November 2007 formed Twin Rivers by joining three elementary districts and one high school district in Northern Sacramento County California. This qualitative multiple-case study was designed to explore what worked well and what detracted from the merger process. Six board members and seven district office administrators participated in semi-structured interviews designed to examine the merger that formed Twin Rivers. The study participants all served from the election or before the establishment of the district on July 1, 2008. The findings from the study indicate a need for a review of California laws related to school district mergers, personnel, and finance. The findings also indicate a need for those involved in school district mergers to be aware of possible pitfalls and resistance.
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Walker, James F. (James Francis). "The NYSE-Archipelago merger : a case study in the evolution of exchange structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44614.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2006."In conjunction with the Sloan Fellows Program on Innovation and Global Leadership."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-140).
At the time of this writing, the NYSE had just completed its historic merger with Archipelago, LLC, while changing its ownership structure to a public company. The conditions leading up to this transformation are descriptive of the overall changes in "exchange structures" and the infrastructure of equity trading in the United States and around the world. The document is written to be useful to an audience of both industry and non-industry executives. To accomplish this, we examine the historical underpinnings of exchanges, how they developed, identifying conditions that transcend structures themselves. We go on to describe the mechanics, governance, technology, and regulatory environment of exchanges today. From this we can examine the forces inducing and enabling changes in the market structures. The "investment supply chain" is introduced as a framework to understand the flow of capital in the economy and the changing position of the exchanges and industry players. We consider the anatomy of trading, evolving technologies and the experience of non-US exchanges in the process of demutualization, technology infrastructure change and business model evolution. The thesis also draws on inferences from similar economic shifts in other industries.
(cont.) The parallel industry discussion should serve as an intuition builder in understanding the forces at work, the time it may take to see an equilibrium state and the behavior of the participants. The thesis has relied heavily on interviews and perspectives of people close to these events: NYSE staff, ECNs, the buy and sell side, regulators and academics. As such, it attempts to provide an informed and balanced view of the current state of play and the momentum of events.
by James F. Walker.
S.M.
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Lombard, Christoffel Nicolaas. "The application of strategic merger principles in South African post-school institutions in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50118.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study has dealt with the application of strategic management principles in South-African post-school institutions in the Western Cape, starting with a comprehensive overview of the post- school sector in the Western Cape and the motivations for the mergers. A literature study reviewed recent merger experience in commerce and education both internationally and in the South African context from which a generic merger strategy was distilled. A measuring instrument was compiled, based on the generic merger strategy and applied to post-school and higher education institutions in the Western Cape. Responses were evaluated in terms of defined hypotheses. Respondents to the study indicated that merger best practice strategy was not followed in the Western Cape, that there were no significant differences between the experiences of the Higher Education Institutions (HEls) and Further Education and Training Colleges (FETs), that HEls do not take cognisance of the external environment whilst FETs do take cognisance of the external environment relating to competition, and that a generic merger strategy is viable when used in conjunction with consultants, sharing experiences with others and following an ad hoc approach.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie handel oor die toepassing van strategiese bestuursbeginsels in die Suid-Afrikaanse naskoolse instansies van die Wes-Kaap, beginnende met 'n omvattende oorsig van die na-skoolse sektor in die Wes-Kaap asook die motivering vir die samesmeltings. In 'n literatuurstudie is onlangse samesmeltings in beide die handels- en onderwyssektore, beide internasionaal en in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks ondersoek waaruit 'n generiese samesmeltingstrategie ontwikkel is. 'n Meetinstrument is saamgestel uit die generiese samesmeltingsstrategie en aan responente in die na-skoolse en hoër onderwysinstansies in die Wes-Kaap' versprei. Response is be-oordeel aan die hand van gedefinieerde hipoteses. Respondente het aangedui dat beste praktyk samesmeltingstrategie nie in die Wes-Kaap gevolg is nie, dat daar geen beduidende verskille bestaan tussen die ervaring van Hoër Ondewys en Verdere Onderwys nie, dat Hoêr Onderwys nie ag slaan op die eksterne omgewing nie terwyl die Verdere Onderwys dit wel doen ten opsigte van kompetisie, en dat 'n generiese samesmeltingstrategie lewensvatbaar is so lank dit gebruik word in kombinasie met 'n konsultant, die uitruil van ervaring met ander en die volg van 'n ad hoc benadering.
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Hasselqvist, Haglund Anna. "Public secondary school mergers as a desegregation method in Swedish municipalities : Investigating their impact on student’s academic performance and choice of school." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355283.
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In recent years several municipalities in Sweden have merged their public secondary schools. This has been considered a type of initiative that intends to reduce youth segregation and discrepancies in school quality. This thesis examines in what ways the merging of all public secondary schools in a municipality affects the students’ academic performance and their choice to enroll in the publicschool sector. To do so I use municipality-level aggregate data from the Swedish National Agency for Education on 9th grade students’ academic outcomes and the share of 7th graders enrolled in the public schools. I employ a difference-in-difference approach to estimate the reduced form effect of the school mergers. The control group used in the baseline estimation includes all municipalities that had a constant number of public secondary schools during the time period of my study. I move on to use propensity score matching in order to create a more comparable control group. I then estimate a difference-in-difference regression with match-fixed effects. The results show that the mergers have a negative effect on the municipality-level average GPA. In addition, the municipalities where the mergers have been implemented experience a reduction in the share of students that pass all 9th grade subjects as well as an increase in the share of students who do not have sufficient grades to continue to upper secondary school. The school mergers caused the share of 7th graders enrolled in the publicschool sector to decrease by approximately 10 percentage points. These results indicate that the public secondary school merger is not a panacea for improving student outcomes.
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Abramova, Inna Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Labor supply and accounting firm mergers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126982.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2020Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 36-39).
In this paper, I study how regulation-induced accounting labor supply shocks affect the audit market. Using a novel dataset that includes both large and small accounting firms, I identify labor supply shocks using the 150-Hour Rule and the Mobility Provision and investigate the resulting incidence of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). I find that a reduction in labor supply increases accounting firms' M&A activity and leads to a higher audit market concentration. My results suggest that accounting firm growth decisions and audit market structure depend on the supply of labor.
by Inna Abramova.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Ireland, John M. (John Mathias) 1964. "Mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical and biotech industries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9984.
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Zhou, Huiping S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "China's mergers & acquisitions : a comparison with the United States." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59150.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-81).
Mergers and acquisitions are widely researched in the United States. The M&A in China, however, is not so clear. There are plenty of successful companies in the United States growing by M&A to global powerhouse, which is seldom to see in China. This thesis presents the current status of China's M&A from a holistic perspective through comparison with global M&A. By a detailed case study of Cisco and the Bank of America, I settled a benchmark for China's peer companies through analysis covering from corporate strategy selection to M&A deal making process to operational integration. To make these findings relevant to China's context, I researched two Chinese firms, Ping An of China and Shanghai Fosun, both of which are growing fast by serial M&A. A comparison is employed throughout both companies in the United States and China. The finding implies significant lessons for Chinese firms in these industries as well as others in a broad base regarding M&A in China.
by Huiping Zhou.
S.M.
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Siman, Salvador José. "Agency-client relationships before and after mergers in the advertising industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33808.
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Greiser, Henning. "The impacts of major airline mergers on network consolidation and traffic performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81072.
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Thesis (S.M. in Management Studies)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-116).
In response to the many challenges faced by US airlines in the past decade, merger activity has increased significantly. By combining their networks, airlines commonly aim to not only realize cost synergies but also achieve revenue synergies as well through increased network coverage. In practical terms, this means that the combined airline can cut its total capacity without reducing traffic as it benefits from a larger network and more connecting options via its hubs. The objective of this thesis is to find evidence to confirm this effect based on recent merger activity by comparing both capacity and traffic data before and after the integration period. Particular emphasis is placed on the changing role of hubs to highlight capacity and traffic shifts in a combined network. Two of the most recent major mergers, Delta-Northwest and United-Continental, exhibit how the networks of previously independent carriers were consolidated to achieve the above-mentioned synergies. Delta concentrated capacity at its largest hub in Atlanta and a small number of additional hubs while other hubs experienced a significant downsizing. Additionally, the airline also eliminated a large number of point-to-point services that were bypassing the hubs in order to maximize the use of its hubs. United and Continental, on the other hand, engaged in fairly minor capacity redistribution instead of sweeping reductions. Both carriers increased the share of capacity operated by regional partners and grew capacity between most of the hubs as well. Over the same time frame, however, both of the combined airlines lost passengers compared to their pre-merger levels. While exogenous factors like the recent recession and operational issues played a role, network strategies at both airlines also affected traffic. Delta was unable to recover most of the passengers it lost on the eliminated point-to-point services. For United, the shift towards more international capacity indicates a displacement of domestic traffic by international connecting passengers. Although both carriers had not returned to their pre-merger traffic levels by the end of the integration period, Delta's 2012 performance suggests that network integration and consolidation can have positive effects in the long run.
by Henning Greiser.
S.M.in Management Studies
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Faber, Ralf T. (Ralf Thomas). "The human element : the impact of mergers and acquisitions on organizations and people." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39528.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-74).
The concept of this thesis emerged from my own experience of mergers and acquisitions in which I had been involved over the past 20 years. Companies make acquisitions, mergers, or joint ventures for technology or geographical reasons, or to consolidate a market. The companies have to find a way to integrate the two organizations, and typically they face the challenges of combining different business philosophies, visions, leadership styles, and technology innovation management that have developed and manifested over an extended period of time of time. The motivation for the most companies to get involved in acquisitions is to maintain the growth rate, get access to new ideas, and processes that will provide a lasting benefit for the organization. In the thesis, I will examine the difficulties of the integration of one entity into another. Often, companies are acquired for their people's talent and expertise. The cultural and human aspects, however, are not a major consideration during the overall due-diligence process. I conclude that the extremely high failure rate of more than 50% for mergers and acquisitions is a result of the negligence of a formal cultural and human due-diligence process, and a "human capital balance sheet" needs to become a part of the process.
by Ralf T. Faber.
M.B.A.
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Robinson, Willie J. "The attitudes of the certified personnel of the Americus City Schools and the Sumter County Schools regarding merger." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1987. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3002.
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The members of the Boards of Education and the Superintendents of the Americus City School System and the Sumter County School System agreed to begin a merger feasibility study of the two systems in 1934. Specific objectives were identified including an evaluation of the similarities and differences in the two school systems, an identification of the possible costs to both systems, an identification of the possible benefits to both school systems, and a summary of the legal issues involved in the merger of the two systems.
This study was concerned with surveying the attitudes and opinions of all the certified personnel in the two systems regarding their perception of how the merger would affect the schools. Questionnaires were delivered to 201 certified personnel in the Americus City School System and 123 certified personnel in the Sumter County School System. These personnel were requested to complete and return the questionnaire within one week.
The total number of responses from certified personnel in the Americus City School System was 177, which represented an overall return rate of 88 percent. The total number of responses from the certified personnel in the Sumter County School System was 104, which represented an overall return rate of 85 percent. This report is based upon the data obtained from the 281 questionnaires which were completed and returned.
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Cavazos, Cavazos Jose Juan. "Mergers and acquisitions process improvement in a matrix organization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76489.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 70).
3M has had aggressive growth through acquisitions. Almost all of the acquisitions add new manufacturing sites to the existing manufacturing and distribution networks. 3M is composed of 38 divisions (as of 2011) with significant independence. There are corporate experts in the different functional areas of due diligence that bring consistency regardless of the division doing the acquisition. However, since manufacturing is not centralized and is managed by each division, there is no corporate expert neither for manufacturing due diligence or supply chain. The difference in the experience level of manufacturing managers in different divisions, and a division-centric view of the supply chain has lead sometimes to integration plans that don't fully take into account opportunities in supply chain rationalization and future manufacturing improvements. The goal of this study is to map the current process and tools across divisions, to identify gaps and to create a business process that can be used as a guideline for all the divisions engaging in acquisitions with a manufacturing component. In addition, a principal components analysis is proposed to find which parameters could predict the outcome of an acquisition.
by Jose Juan Cavazos Cavazos.
S.M.
M.B.A.
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Pointon, Sally. "Two heads one tale : a study of the merger of two independent preparatory schools." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418956.
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Gladish, Edward L. Arnold Robert. "Changes in per pupil cost and achievement from mergers of nine elementary school districts." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1990. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9115224.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1990.Title from title page screen, viewed November 23, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Robert Arnold (chair), Ronald L. Laymon, Ronald Halinski, G. Alan Hickrod, Calvin Jackson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-116) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Husband, Beth Harper. "Perceptions of the effects of prayer on teachers." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Ren, Lijuan S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "The role of product management in the success of mergers and acquisitions : analyzing Eaton's 2008 Phoenixtec Power Company Ltd. acquisition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80689.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-77).
Mergers and acquisitions are important ways for multinational companies to expand and grow their business. This thesis studies the role of product management in the success of mergers and acquisitions by analyzing Eaton's 2008 Phoenixtec Power Company Ltd. acquisition. Using public information, market reports, internal documents and insider interviews, I explore four components of product management in the integration process, including product portfolio management, sales and marketing reorganizations, channel integration and brand architecture. For each component, the objectives of the integration, the methodology used by Eaton and the outcomes are examined. Moreover, the performance of the merged company in terms of sales revenue, profitability, market share, customer satisfaction and employee engagement are analyzed to demonstrate the overall success of this acquisition. My thesis ends with findings and recommendations for building a standard framework to align activities with strategic drivers, maintaining competitive advantages of the acquired company, leveraging the acquired resources to enhance overall capabilities, and respecting and motivating individual talent with local know-how.
by Lijuan Ren.
S.M.
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Husband, Beth. "Perceptions of the effects of prayer on teachers." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p088-0152.
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Hall, J. Francis. "A Multi-Level Meta-Analysis to Determine the Association of School District Consolidation on Student Performance on State Assessments." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1562847482983893.
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Van, Kleeck Vickie A. "A case study of Mercer University's intramural and recreational sports program to assess the inherent and potential risks for implementation of a risk management program." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101331.
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This case study involved a safety and maintenance audit of Mercer University's intramural and recreational sports program. The purpose of the audit was to expose potentially hazardous conditions in the area of supervision, conduct of activities, facilities and equipment. A method of risk reduction in the form of a risk management strategy was implemented to control for potential injury producing conditions to participants. Regular safety inspections, the hiring and training of program supervisors, upgrading of facilities and equipment and a closer relationship between the intramural program and other campus departments were some of the remedial steps taken at Mercer to provide a relatively safe environment.M.S.
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Van, der Merwe H. "In-house mentoring and school leadership : perceptions of well-performing primary school principals." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 12, Issue 2: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/664.
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Published ArticleA growing scholarship links good leadership with in-house mentoring. This article looks at how well-performing school leaders benefitted from the inhouse mentoring they received. The author reports on a qualitative investigation based on in-depth individual interviews with six primary school leaders from Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo and Northwest Provence who were purposefully selected based on their receiving a national award for excellence in leadership. These awards were made by the Department of Basic Education in the category 'Excellence in primary school leadership'. The findings show that in-house mentoring benefitted participants holistically through behavioural, knowledge and skills acquisition. Behavioural acquisition included being humble and empathetic towards constructive work performance. Knowledge and skills acquisition related to sustaining the standard of teaching of core subjects, relying on committee input in a relational leadership approach and ensuring a dedicated teacher corps and positive parent involvement. The findings contribute to the discourse on inhouse mentoring for improved school leadership practice.
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Dušan, Stupar. "Evaluacija efekata primene specifičnog programa vežbanja kod različitih generacija dece, uzrasta 4-5 godina, u desetogodišnjem periodu." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101058&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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U cilju utvrđivanja efekata procene specifičnog programa vežbanjana motoričke sposobnosti i antropometrijske karakteristike dece predškolskog uzrasta, primenjene subaterija od 7 motoričkih testova i osam antropometrijskih mera. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 191predškolca (90 u eksperimentalnim i 101 u kontrolnim grupama), uzrasta od 4 do 5 godina. Oni su bili ispitanici u tri projekta koje je realizovao Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja Novi Sad, u periodu od deset godina. Dobijeni podaci su analizirani multivarijacionom analizom kovarijanse (MANCOVA). Moglo se zaključiti da je primena eksperimentalnog programa vežbanja dovela do značajnog poboljšanja pojedinih motoričkih sposobnosti eksperimentalnih grupa u odnosu na kontrolne grupe. U prostoru antropometrije nije pokazana statistički značajna razlika između grupa u posmatrane tri vremenske tačke u periodu od deset godina. Ova doktorska disertacija je pokazala na pozitivne efekte na transformaciju pojedinih dimenzija antropološkog statusa u različitim vremenskim tačkama i sa različitim generacijama dece, bez obzira na socio-ekonomskog statusa nivo fizičke aktivnosti dece. U osnovi, praktična vrednost ovog rada je analizirani model kinezioloških aktivnosti, koji se može primeniti u svim klubovima i školama koje rade sa decom predškolskog i ranog školskog uzrasta.In order to determine the evaluation effects of specific exercise program on motor abilities and anthropometric characteristicsof preschool children, a battery of 7 motor tests and eightanthropometric measures were applied.The current study was conducted on a sample of 191preschoolers (90 in the experimental and 101 in the control groups), aged 4 to 5 five. They were the respondents in three projects implemented by the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education Novi Sad, in the tenyear period. The obtained data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). It can be concluded that the application of experimental and control models of exercise resulted in substantial improvement of certain motor skills in the experimental group compared to the control group. In the space of anthropometry it was not statistically significant difference between groups in the observed three time points in the ten-year period.This doctoral thesis revealed that positive effects of the transformation of certain dimensions anthropological statusat different time points and with different generations of children, regardless of socioeconomic status, level of physical activity of children. In fact, the practical value of this work is to analyze the model of kinetic activities, which as such can be applied to all clubs and schools that work with children of preschool and early school age.
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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes February 6, 2012." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215449.
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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes February 3, 2014." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/313650.
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Junior, Jorge Luiz de Brito. "Interface entre a proteção à propriedade intelectual e o direito de concorrência no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-17032015-134535/.
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Embora os direitos de Propriedade Intelectual (PI) sejam supostamente instituídos de forma a fomentar a inovação e o bem-estar em longo prazo, seu uso pode ensejar comportamentos oportunistas e abusivos como os Artigos 8.2 e 40 do TRIPS expressamente admitem. Sempre que tal tipo de comportamento afetar a concorrência em determinado mercado excluindo concorrentes, impondo barreiras à entrada, prejudicando consumidores por meio de aumento de preços ou redução da oferta o Direito de Concorrência será chamado a intervir. Considerando tais questões, o objetivo desse trabalho é identificar um quadro de trabalho brasileiro para tratar de questões envolvendo questões de Direito de Concorrência relacionadas à Propriedade Intelectual. O autor buscou delinear os conceitos de uso abusivo de direitos de Propriedade Intelectual, Dominação de Mercado por meio de uso da Propriedade Intelectual e de abuso de posição dominante, considerando o novo quadro regulatório introduzido pela Lei 12.259/2001.While intellectual property (IP) rights are usually claimed to be designed to foster innovation and welfare in the long run, their use may give rise to opportunistic, abusive behavior - as Articles 8.2 and 40 of TRIPS openly admit. Whenever such sort of behavior affects competition in a given market - whether by dislodging competitors, imposing barriers to entry, harming costumers, raising prices or reducing output - competition law is called to intervene. Considering these issues, the purpose of this paper is to identify a Brazilian legal framework for dealing with IP related competition issues. The author sought to draw the legal concepts of abusive of IP rights, market domination and abuse of dominant position considering the new regulatory framework introduced by Law 12.259/2011.
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Zhang, Guo-huei, and 張國輝. "A Case Study on a Small School under the Threat of Merger." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43803942080241484328.
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碩士國立臺南大學
教管所學校行政組(碩士班)
93
A Case Study on a Small School under the Threat of Merger Abstract The study aims to explore the administration of small school, their responses and coping strategies under the threat of merger. Following the extensive literature review, a case study- an elementary school in Kaohsiung County, was selected. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews and document analyses. The main findings of the study include as follows: I. As the prescribed number of personnel in school was limited, teachers in this case have both teaching and administrative tasks. But the case school still operated well once manpower of either administration or teaching is aided. II. In terms of curriculum, school size did not affect the arrangement of the case school. Instead, small class teaching becomes the advantage of the case school. III. Facing with merger, the situation of leadership was changed. The principal’s leadership could fit for the situation and be accepted by members in this school as well. IV. All of the participants in this study were dissatisfied with the issue of school merger. But there is not such direct correlation between participants response and school operation. School personnel are dissatisfied with both reasons and processes of the merger, while people in school district are care about the result. V. Diverse strategies were adopted by the case school. But most of the strategies took effect depending on school’s well-operation. Among those, funding support was the most concrete strategy, and propaganda strategy was also as important issue of school management. According to results of this research, the suggestions were proposed as follows: I. To the school facing with similar situation, keeping school under well-operation, and advertising for advantages of small-class teaching, as well as fighting for re-dividing school zone, are important. II. To the government, the regulations of decrease personnel should be reconsidered, and the process of communication with school participants facing with merger should be improved. III. The complex about merger was not only occurs in small school. To explore the different views about school merger would be a suggestions to further studies.
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Weiß, Anja [Verfasser]. "Students' group-related justice perceptions after a school merger : an intergroup perspective / von Anja Weiß." 2007. http://d-nb.info/98693982X/34.
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Chin, Chia, and 秦嘉. "A Case Study on the Process and Impacts of a School Merger in Taipei County." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24742185959467557335.
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碩士淡江大學
教育政策與領導研究所碩士在職專班
96
This study is mainly based on a school merging case of a small remote elementary school in Taipei County through which the formulating of the small school merging policy and the merging process of the observed school were discussed in depth. Numerous observations, interviews, and document analysis were conducted to investigate the influence of the merging process. Consequently, a concrete conclusion was drawn and constructive implications proposed. Through the stratified non-probability sampling method, the interviews conducted for this study involved people from educational administrative staffs, principals, teachers, parents, students, and individuals in the community. All the interviewees were interviewed in a way that a semi-structured guideline was used. Data analysis of documents, observations and interviews yielded the following conclusions: 1.Small schools in Taipei County had made an effort to develop a characteristic school whereas merging policy was framed to keep educational goals coherent to the essence of education and the utilized resources wisely. 2.The merging of small schools in the district took into consideration factors like students’ learning performance, teachers’ professional practices, and balance of educational resources. The process tended to be relatively mild and gradual, adhering to the principle that system reform substitutes for school abolition. 3.The system reform plan was initiated by representatives of local assembly and all else concerned, mandating the plan to be practically and thoroughly conducted and accompanied by localized supplementary measures. 4.The supplementary measures promoting the merging of small schools in Taipei County beared notions that both school staff’s working right and students’ schooling right should be taken into consideration. Besides, the promotion of school administration and management has been thoroughly reviewed. 5.In spite of all the difficulties and resistances encountered when the target school performed the merging plan, consensus and supporting measures were successfully reached and produced through active communication among schools. 6.Although taking over administration of the school being merged and its travel study affair, the dominant school does not seek to recruit new staff or reduce teaching hours for staff who deal with both teaching and administration at the school. 7.The merging school provides students with multi-learning environment and broad learning prospects that in turn promote interpersonal learning and teamwork development; however, there is no noticeable positive effect on students’ academic performance. 8.The merging of small schools have limited influence on the development of local community, nevertheless, the advocate to develop a featured school do stimulate the community economy in its district as well as raise the value of social education. 9.The merging of schools also offered a way to save educational expenses, achieving greater efficiency in the utilized educational resources .
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Cheng, Huiwen, and 鄭惠文. "A Study of Elementary School Teachers’ Job Satisfaction after the Official Merger of Tainan County and City." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40669297228175353881.
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碩士台灣首府大學
教育研究所
100
The purpose of this study is to investigate the current situation of elementary school teachers’ job satisfaction after the official merger of Tainan County and City by exploring the differences between personal variables and school environmental variables of the subjects. The survey method was applied in this study. The population of this study comprised in-service teachers of public elementary schools in Tainan. The samplings included 43 elementary schools. 361 questionnaires were distributed. Among them, 291 questionnaires were valid. The elementary school teachers’ job satisfaction scale written by Yi-Min Yang was adapted as study instrument. The collected data was computed by SPSS 20.0 for Windows and AMOS 20.0 and statistically analyzed by mean, standard deviation, T-test and one-way ANOVA. The probability of significance level was set at .05. According to the outcomes of the analysis, the results of this research were as follows: 1. Elementary school teachers’ job satisfaction after the official merger of Tainan county and city is nearly the same. In teachers’ job satisfaction, “supervision of administration” scores the highest, “rewards and resources” the second highest, “interpersonal relation” the third highest, and “job value” the lowest. 2. There is no significant difference in marriage, years of experience as a teacher, highest education degree, current position and original teaching area on elementary school teachers’ job satisfaction, but there is a significant difference in gender and size of school. Based on the findings, several suggestions are made as follows: 1. Some suggestions for educational administration are made as follows: A. Strengthen the leadership consciousness of principals and administrators to promote education quality. B. Balance the gap between urban and rural areas by well equipping all schools. C. Secure the benefit of teachers’ job and stabilize teachers' life. 2. Some suggestions for school administrators: A. Enhance teachers' opportunities for professional development by constructing knowledge-sharing platform. B. Promote school teachers’ communication by smoothening communication channels. C. Establish executive affairs rotation system to improve school performance. 3. Suggestions for elementary school teachers include the following aspects: A. Professional self-determination and innovative teaching. B. Participation in school affairs and experiences sharing. C. Supply leisure activities, relaxation of body and mind. 4. Suggestions for future studies are as follows: A. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are suggested to be adopted. B. Participants are suggested to include principals and other staffs. C. Four-point Likert scale are suggested to be implemented on questionnaire development. D. When educational resources of Tainan City are well developed, more related researches are suggested to be conducted in the future.
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Tsai, Wen-Chieh, and 蔡文傑. "The Case Study of Merger Policy on Tsung-Yeh Elementary School in Tainan County: A Policy Termination Approach." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9bb47r.
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碩士國立中興大學
國家政策與公共事務研究所
97
In December 2004,The Control Yuan published a "Ministry of Education to review the structure of budget allocations," the report, the proposed local goverment should be cut down and merge small schools to save as much as 5.1 billion annual expenditure on personnel expenses, and the Executive Yuan in order to encourage school districts and municipal waste, local government grant funding for educational facilities, the inclusion of the projects of the school subsidy.Therefore, these reasons making part of the local government that is embarked on measures to cut down and merge small schools. May 2007, Tainan County to the Tsung-Yeh elementary School shells out of a shock that promote the development of the arts building, the county government ordered the 97 since the beginning of the school year, the school will be history. In view of the above, Taiwan''s social and educational level has a elementary education of the invisible crisis of desertification. Literature from the past found that "economic" and "educational equality" is cut down and merge small schools policy-oriented considerations, it will be the case in this study involved the value of the policy, the use of secondary data analysis, as well as depth interviews and other research approach, trying to analyze feasible to detect the cause of the case of policy termination; Furthermore, from the case to clarify the policy decision-making and implementation in the face of controversy and conflict, identify the key policy actors in the cut down and merge ago, after the cut down and merge in and cut down and merge the idea of the policy and position; Finally, understanding the applicability of the theory in this case, from the origins, obstacles and Behn proposed 12 indicators to assess the case, and further development of policy termination of the strategy should be, as the policy recommendations in this study. Hope this study related to the benefit of the community''s awareness and understanding of the case, the local government will help the reference by some implication for future policy.
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Lee, Hsin-Yi, and 李欣怡. "A Study on Satisfaction of National Dong Hwa University Teachers in the Current Status of the School Merger." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g69x3g.
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碩士國立東華大學
教育行政與管理學系
100
The main purpose of this study aims to investigate the perspective of National Dong Hwa University teachers in the current status of the school merger. According to the literature, the researcher designed the questionnaires and sent to 312 full-time teachers in National Dong Hwa University by random sampling. After collecting 153 valid pieces. To explore teachers’ perspective in five aspects of school merger: cognitive situation, organizational culture, resource allocation, academic research, and teaching performance. According to the purpose of the study, the data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and chi square test to validate hypothesis of the study. The results are as follows: 1.Teachers from different campuses have significant differences in perspective of the teaching performance. 2.Teachers from different colleges have significant differences in perspective of the organizational culture. 3.Teachers with different background have no significant differences in perspective of the cognitive situation. 4.Teachers with different background have no significant differences in perspective of the academic research. 5.Teachers with different years of service have significant differences in perspective of the teaching performance. 6.The satisfaction of National Dong Hwa University teachers in the current status is moderate.
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Hon'wana, Xinyata Nhlazini Cartson. "An investigative research into merger of school programmes in the Department of Education in Vhembe District for the academic years 2010 to 2016." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1453.
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MEd (Educational Management)Department of Educational Management
The aim of this study was to investigate the merger of schools’ programmes in the Department of Basic Education (DBE) in Vhembe District for the academic years 2010 to 2016. When small schools are not merged, it is difficult for the Department of Basic Education to adequately allocate resources for effective and efficient teaching and learning. The study adopted Eisner’s Connoisseur Model of Enquiry as its theoretical framework. Besides the theoretical framework, the study also adopted a legal framework: SASA, Act No. 84 of 1996. This study was conceptualised within the interpretive paradigm, subsumed under a qualitative research design. Data was collected through interviews and document analysis. The population of the study was eighty-five (85) schools identified for merger in the Vhembe District. Purposive sampling was used to select nine (09) principals from the merging schools, three (03) Deputy Manager Governance officials from the identified circuits and one (01) district governance official in Vhembe District. Hence the sample of the study was thirteen (13) participants. Data was analysed thematically. The study revealed that most schools identified for merger were merged prematurely; that is, schools were merged before the provision of relevant infrastructure and resources in the merging centres and this caused the communities to reject mergers. The study recommends that proper consultation with relevant local structures like traditional leaders in particular is crucial to ensure that the merging of schools is implemented with minimal challenges. Correct interpretation, implementation of policies and effective monitoring of programmes should be ensured to advocate for school merging.
NRF
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Li, Chia Ho, and 李家和. "Factors Associated With Metropolitan Elementary School Teachers’ Leisure and Exercise Participation Motive and Constraint: The Case of Elementary School Teachers in Kaohsiung City Prior to the Merger." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24657847284331533097.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
體育學系
100
Purpose：The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors of the relevant circumstances that motivating and hindering elementary school teachers ' participation in recreational sports in original Kaohsiung city , and analyze the differences under different background. Methods： Questionnaire method was employed for this study, and the subjects are elementary school teachers on regular staff of original Kaohsiung city. The analysis procedures includes：Descriptive statistics Analysis, exploratory factor analysis, independent T-test, one-way ANOVA, independent samples, significant differences in Posteriori comparison, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation. Results：The major findings of this study were as follows:1.Regarding motivation of participating recreational sports in primary school teachers of Kaohsiung city, the wholesomeness dimension is the highest.2.Regarding hindering of participating recreational sports in elementary school teachers of Kaohsiung city, the field dimension is the highest. Conclusion：1. Regarding with different background of the elementary school teachers' Motivation of participating recreational sports in Kaohsiung city, the results all have statistically significant difference. 2. Regarding with different background of the primary school teachers' hindering of recreational sports in Kaohsiung city, the results all have statistically significant difference except average salary monthly . 3.There was a significant relationship between the factors that promote and hinder the participation of primary school teachers in Kaohsiung city. Key Words: Elementary School Teacher, Leisure and Exercise, Leisure and Exercise Participation Motives, Leisure and Exercise Participation Constraints
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Chang, Chun-Kai, and 張鈞凱. "A Survey of Elementary School Administrators’ Attitudes toward Educational Policy and Resources Allocation ： After the Merger of Taichung City and Taichung County." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28080721850965663981.
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碩士逢甲大學
公共政策所
100
A Survey of Elementary School Administrators’ Attitudes toward Educational Policy and Resources Allocation ： After the Merger of Taichung City and Taichung County Student：Chun - Kai Chang Advisor：Feng - Ru Cheng Feng Chia University Graduate Institute of Public Policy Thesis Abstract The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among elementary school administrators’ awareness of educational policies, satisfaction, as well as the educational project after the merger of Taichung City and County. In addition, this research aimed to explore the relevance in administrators’ satisfaction on the distribution of educational resources and the principles of resources allocation. Corresponding to the topic of “Elementary School Administrators’ Educational Policies and Resources Allocation – after the Merger of Taichung City and Taichung County,” administrators at elementary schools were recruited as the research participants. The overall design of this study largely incorporated qualitative approach to obtain empirical data. The researcher distributed 424 questionnaires, a total of 413 questionnaires were retrieved, and the available rate was 97.4％. Qualitative data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed and discussed to address the following results: 1. After the merger of Taichung City and Taichung County, elementary school administrators’ awareness and satisfaction on education policies were above moderate level. 2. After the merger of Taichung City and Taichung County, elementary school administrators’ satisfaction on the educational allocation was under average. 3. With regard to the factors of administrators’ background, gender was irrelevant to the awareness and satisfaction on educational policies. Nevertheless, the seniority, academic degree, age and job title were all related to the awareness and satisfaction on educational policies. 4. After the merger of Taichung City and County, the small schools displayed higher satisfaction on the resources allocation than the large ones. 5. Administrators in the original Taichung City believed that education policies conform to the planning rules after the merger, while the allocation of educational resources corresponded to the rule of resources allocation. Based on the results, some suggestions are proposed to the related authorities as the reference to draw up educational policies and allocate educational resources in the future.
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Yan, Qing-Zhang, and 顏慶璋. "A Survey of Elementary School Administrators'' Opinions toward the Service Quality of Education Bureau After the Merger of Taichung City and County." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15694501336193411238.
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碩士逢甲大學
公共政策所
100
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the service quality of Education Bureau.Furthermore,the other purpose was analyze the differences in service quality for school administrator from different backgrounds. The subject was Elementary school administrators in Taichung city. The instrument is “The questionnaire for Service Quality in Taichung Education Bureau”. The samples of this study were 488 administrators. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistic, independent-samples test, and one-way ANOVA. Important findings of the study were as followed: 1.In the Elementary school administrators’ satisfaction of the service quality , the scores on the "information service” was the highest and the scores on the “standard service” was the lowest. 2.In the Elementary school administrators’ satisfaction of standard service, the scores on the "servicescape” was the highest and the scores on the “service efficiency” was the lowest. 3.In the Elementary school administrators’ satisfaction of information service, the scores on the "information accuracy” was the highest and the scores on the “Freedom of Information” was the lowest. 4.The satisfaction with innovative services and accessible services of Elementary school administrators would not be affected by different backgrounds. 5.With diverse genders, years of experience, posts and school scales, Elementary school administrators’ satisfaction of standard services is significantly different. 6.With diverse genders and posts, Elementary school administrators’ satisfaction of information services is significantly different. The results were discussed and there were some suggestions for Education Bureau, and the future research.
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Huang, Wei-Jie, and 黃瑋傑. "The Discussions on The Merger Policy of Tsung-Yeh Elementary School for Procedural Justice and Education Question: As Example for The Film "Who Stole My Diploma？"." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45329517800053824869.
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碩士國立臺南藝術大學
音像紀錄研究所
98
In May 2008, Tsung-Yeh Elementary School, located in Madou, Tainan, was informed to be cut down and merged into other schools in the coming semester, leaving 170 students and faculty forced to work and go to other schools. Unable to effectively communicate and negotiate with the county government, parents, students and teachers formed an anti-merging union to protect their school. Two main controversial points were brought up by anti-mergers. First, the decision of cutting down and merging school was made in a rush. Second, the government cut down the school for the purpose of the development of the local art. Therefore, the process of cutting down and merging the school was under huge doubt and debate. I participated in many anti-merging movements and shot a record, hoping to dig out different facets and possibilities through this seemingly ordinary case. The purpose of this research is to: 1. Discuss the essential meaning of education, including the right to education, the learning subjectivity, the commercialization of education and related educational issues. 2. Discuss the policy of cutting down Tsung-Yeh Elementary School for the sake of the development of art, comparing the importance and value of art development and education. 3. Examine the appropriateness of the government’s policy-making, discussing its rationality and legitimacy. The method of this research is divided into two parts. First, the documentary form was chosen to record the process by Participant observation and Depth interviews. The second part attempts to discuss this school-merging case in a more comprehensive way through Collecting and analyzing literature. Through these two parts of research, this case would be more completely and systematically discussed. After participating in the event and shooting the documentary film, this study concludes that: 1. Education is a multi-faced issue. Thus, it is hard to come to a simple conclusion, but the basic concern for students’ right to education is a rudimentary need. With the progress of insights on education, the awareness of learning subjectivity and students’ rights should be gradually improved as well. 2. Due to the publicness of the government’s policy-making, the motivation and vision purpose should be under the supervision and evaluation of its people. Therefore, the public hearing before announcing and implementing any policy is crucial and indispensible. Also, the government should fully communicate and discuss with the public during the process, and the policy should not be enforced in a hurry so that people affected have sufficient time to react and adjust themselves to it. 3. The comparison of the importance of education and art development is under debate since they originate from different perspectives, and it is thus difficult to reach an agreement. Finding a way for education and art development to co-exist and prosper is the best way to protect the rights of most people, lower the resistance as well as obtain more support. Regarding the limits of this research, the vision in this documentary might be influenced by my own viewpoint, which is against the act of cutting down and merging the school. Therefore, the way of shooting the documentary, the process of the image production, and the discussion and thinking on the issue might all be limited to my own vision. However, this study can still serve as a historic mirror, drawing people’s attention to the educational problems and soliciting more public opinions. By doing so, the government will be under the supervision of the public, balancing the opinions from more people while making decisions in vision planning and educational policies, so as to avoid such non-transparent school-merging case in the future.
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Hsiung, Ching-Ying, and 熊靜櫻. "Study of School Adaptation among Students after Elimination and Merge of Primary School." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7338a8.
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碩士國立臺東大學
教育學系(所)
96
Abstract The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the present conditions and problems of students with school adaptation when transferred to other schools for study after primary school is eliminated and merged. And it would appreciate the counseling measures the school offers to adapt to the school. The endowment of school adaptation can be found into three aspects: first, personal psychological adaptation; second, interpersonal relationship adaptation; third, adaptation of curriculum learning. This study will be conducted with qualitative manner, and interview, document analysis, site observation, and other methods to collect information. Then, reflection, and joint discussions with professors and school teachers are carried out to enhance the reliability of this study. Based on the analyzed results, the primary findings of this study are found as follows: I. School adaptation of student A. Personal psychological adaptation a. When confronted with new and strange environment, students cannot obtain satisfaction of psychological demands when the school is eliminated and merged. b. The self-concept of Hsiao Yi and Hsiao Hsuan is clear, but the self-concept of Hsial Yu is relatively feeble. c. Emotional expression of Hsiao Yi and Hsia Hsuan is stable, but the emotion expression of Hsiao Yu is not stable. B. Interpersonal relationship adaptation a. There is diverse development of peer interaction; Hsiao Yi and Hsiao Hsuan considered of the moderate type, while Hsiao Yi is of the isolated type. b. Teacher and student interaction is not as close as it used to be, while female adapts relatively better. C. Adaptation of curriculum learning a. Instruction model, and teach expectation affect student performance. b. Curriculum becomes more difficult and heavier workload of assignment lead to lower completion of school assignment and homework. c. Students of different learning attitude and performance with school assignment depend on the difference of internal and external controlling belief. d. Preference for artistic or technical curriculum. II. Counseling measures of school A. Personal psychological adaptation: provide psychological construction for the students, render suitable encourage and praise, enhance sense of self-achievement, increase parent and student communications to jointly assist students to cope with school life. B. Interpersonal relationship adaptation: enhance understanding and interaction between student and teacher, and for the isolated students make use of teaching activity to increase interaction relationship among the peer students. C. Adaptation of curriculum learning: conducted repeated teaching and supplementary instruction to assist them learning. At the end, substantial suggestions are put forth for the reference of teachers, school, and education administration authorities, and future suggestions for research are proposed. Keywords: school elimination and merge, school adaptation
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Mulvey, Thomas M. "An analysis of the mergers of American institutions of higher education." 1993. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9316698.
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American higher education has been affected by spiraling cost, declining college-age population, decreasing financial aid and defense grants, budget reductions from state governments and concerns about quality. The merging of two or more institutions into a single entity is one strategy to cope with these changes. The literature on the subject of merger, however, is fragmented and dwells mainly on the reasons why institutions merge. This study examines the tensions and elements that constitute the merger phenomenon in its totality and identifies implications for implementation. The study analyzed 18 doctoral dissertation case studies of 20 higher educational mergers that took place during the period 1964-1985. Similarities and differences were identified and the findings compared with the merger literature. The data were then interpreted from the perspective of organizational change. The analysis indicated that three major tensions shape the merger phenomenon: the clash between maintaining the status quo and implementing change; the emergence of one institution as the dominant party thereby exacerbating the change for the subordinate party; and the accomplishment of organizational objectives at the expense of individual needs. A pattern emerged indicating that change was not managed, decision-making was top down and self-centered, crisis was not anticipated, power was used to dominate, conflict was divisive, planning was non-existent or poorly done and implementation was characterized by limited strategies to facilitate the process. Several important distinctions were identified according to the type of control of the merging institutions. Differences were found in the impelling reasons, motivation, process stages, type of risk, degree of consultation and outcomes. Exceptions to the conventional wisdom that financially troubled institutions should not merge were noted. Also, a simple legal maneuver frequently employed in the corporate world was identified as an alternative to the standard merger approach. In order to facilitate the complex process of a merger and to address the identified problems, the application of the integrated frames approach for managing organizational change as developed by Bolman and Deal (1984) is recommended. Strategic planning is also recommended as an effective tool for coping with change.
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chang, Lucky, and 張早. "An Application of Fuzzy Theory to Merger and Operating Small-scale Schools." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82948753980431795144.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
事業經營研究所碩士在職專班
93
While facing the rapid shift in the 21th century, the trend of urbanization happens in Taiwan and other developing countries. At the same time, the size of small or non-children family changes the structure of population pyramid. The Control Yuan suggests close and merge some small- scale schools, coping with the financial deficit of governments. We all understand that education is the cornerstone of a country and the quality of education is related to country’s competition. Because of the shortage of finance in local government, the investment of education expenditure should be used in best utilization. But the obstacles of closing and merging small-scale schools are so big, it is very important to evaluate the necessity carefully. The approach is by means of fuzzy theory to set up evaluation criteria into the merger and operation of small-scale schools. The approach is based on the four dimensions of the merger and operation: the school’s operating cost and efficiency; the correlation among family-school’s geography, transportation and residents change; the community’s social and educational activities by school; school expenditure and cost efficiency, and at second level, totaled 16 evaluation criteria to interview with scholars and expert questionnaire. By Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) to data analysis, weighting calculation and consistency testing, it could construct the evaluation criteria of small-scale school’s merge and operation. The data analysis shows: the school’s characteristics (geographic environment, family’s social-economic situation, transportation and residents change) weights 38% ranked highest. The school’s current operating cost and efficiency weights 29% ranked second. Community social and educational activities by school weights 22% ranked third. And the school’s expenditure and cost efficiency weights 11% ranked fourth. Comprehensive survey on the second level evaluation criteria weights, the priority rank are the ratio of inferior family, disadvantage of geographical environment, student learning efficiency. How to promote student learning efficiency and to maintain the children’s education entitlement in remote area and inferior groups are the most important factors to the educational authority to plan and promulgate educational policy.
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Pan, Chih-Yung, and 潘志勇. "The Study of Service Satisfaction on Personnel Agencies Merge Settings in Junior High School and Elementary Schools-The Junior High School and Elementary Schools in Remote Areas of Kaohsiung as a Case." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6uk23f.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
公共事務管理研究所
104
For both the public and private sector, organizational change is an inevitable challenge to achieve sustainable development. When the external and internal environments change, the organization’s resources must be continuously integrated and transformed, and this is the time for the organization to focus on organizational change. In order to solve the long-unresolved disputes over whether or not it is necessary to employ full-time staff for accounting and personnel units, Kaohsiung City Government started the organizational transformation in 2013. In May of the same year, the “Cishan Centralized Office Plan for Staff of Accounting and Personnel Units, Education Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government” was implemented. It is a mechanism in response to the necessity of establishing a centralized office for schools which are merged due to being remote in location or smaller in scale. The plan aims to facilitate the operation of personnel affairs in compliance with relevant regulations of the central government and to enhance the professionalism of services related to personnel affairs, thereby achieving the expected benefits of the organizational change. According to the observation of the researcher of this study, who served at the personnel units of primary and high schools in Kaohsiung’s remote areas for almost three years, problems have arisen after the Education Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government selected Cishan District to implement the remote school personnel centralized office plan. The problems include different salaries for the same position, low service efficiency, and high service costs. The problems mentioned above constitute the motivation of this study. Accordingly, this study focuses on the two merged primary-and-high schools under the Education Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government for the implementation of the centralized office plan for full-time staff of personnel units in Cishan, and targets the faculty from the schools, including teachers under the staffing standards, principals, teachers serving concurrently as administrators of school affairs, full-time teachers, as well as certified staff, section chiefs, administrative officers, nurses, etc. The purposes of this study include: 1. Examining the policy of this organizational change and how the centralized office measures have been enforced; 2. Exploring the satisfaction level of the school faculty and staff regarding the policy of this organizational change and the centralized office measures; 3. Analyzing the satisfaction level of the school faculty and staff regarding the services provided by the personnel unit after the merger. This study adopts the empirical research method and a questionnaire survey to address the problems caused by this organizational change. The results are as follows: (1) An analysis of the current status after the organizational change and centralized office policy was implemented revealed that the number of the total staff members of the personnel unit after the merger is 92, among whom 46 full-time staff members lead to an increased budget expenditure. In addition, the policy is implemented mostly at remote schools in the districts that were previously administrative areas of Kaohsiung County. (2) An analysis of the satisfaction level regarding the centralized personnel office policy revealed that the level of support is not high, indicating that the faculty and staff are not satisfied with the policy. (3) An analysis of the satisfaction level regarding the services provided by the staff of the personnel unit after the merger revealed that even though the satisfaction level of questionnaire respondents regarding the policy is low, the satisfaction level is high regarding the services. In the conclusion of this study, which is based on the problems mentioned above, some appropriate strategies and practical recommendations are proposed, including meeting the needs of the involved parties to enhance their support of the policy. In terms of policy implementation, a multilateral joint meeting should be held on a regular basis to have a thorough discussion of the appropriateness of the policy so that the discussion results can serve as a reference for the government authorities to better achieve the goal of this organizational change and enhance the management performance of the organization.
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Chen, Hsi-ching, and 陳溪清. "A Study on School Mergers and Land Use Settlements – A Case Study of Tsung Yeh Elementary School." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13794781345347437989.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺南大學
教育經營與管理研究所博士班
99
Due to trends in school mergers and land use settlements, Tsung Yeh Elementary School was the first in Taiwan to undergo administrative litigation, receive a Ministry of Education appeal decision, and investigative correction by the Control Yuan, among other processes. The case received massive attention from the public, and created massive waves in Taiwanese society and aspects of education. Inappropriate school mergers and land use settlements could produce irreconcilable outcomes. Therefore, the purposes of the study are the following: (1) To seek the means for resolving controversies among participants; (2) to seek the optimal option according to participant behavior; and (3) to plan a settlement strategy according to the participants’ options. This study applied a game theory and conducted a case study of Tsung Yeh Elementary School. First, interviews were conducted with case participants and stakeholders, and then the case stakeholders investigated, along with the collation of relevant literature. After obtaining the data, a content analysis was implemented to coordinate and analyze issues, then an economic analysis and a comparison of the law between participants from both parties in the game was conducted. The main conclusions are further elaborated as follows: 1. Generally, school mergers are conducted according to the number of students; accurate and accountable data should be collected, and reasons should be elaborated. Not only should future and possible changes be considered, but the expected performance of the merged schools should also be weighed. In addition, the substitutability of the accepted school with the merged school should also be taken into consideration. 2. The student rights to education should be emphasized in terms of both physical appearance and in substantial content. 3. The reasons behind the Tsung Yeh Elementary School merger are not strong or persuasive. The minimum land use area regulations should not be applied; resources should be integrated for students to fully benefit from said resources, and to induce benign competition among the schools. If there is uncertainty as to whether future outcomes can surpass the current situations, then the current resources already at hand should not be discarded. 4. The legitimacy of the merger procedure is flawed, and contradicts with law cognizance and the principle of law reservation; in addition, the actual reasons behind the urgency of the school merger were not clearly elaborated. The lack of appropriate communication and coordination prior to the merger contributed to the subsequent negative repercussions. 5. Participants from both parties should have rational negotiations, which is the optimal choice for behavior. 6. The outcome does not have concrete winners and losers; the key factor lies within the value of the rational behavioral contributions of participants, and the emphasis on meaning and learning. 7. Change should be for the better to obtain legitimacy. If change is unable to promote societal and financial welfare, then the present situation should be respected and permitted to remain the same. 8. The merger should be in accordance with distributional justice to promote balance and fair distribution, and further pursue true efficiency. 9. School merger and land use settling strategies: One center: to fully ensure student rights to education, and maximize the value of land use utilization One relationship: the art of coordinating the knife with the cutting board One strategy: the marine strategy One action: listening and communicating One objective: a win-win situation One perspective: a 15-step school merging and land use settlement procedure 10. The 15-step school merging and land use settlement procedure: (1) Legitimizing school mergers and land use settlements (2) Proposal for schools in need of merging (3) Establish an assessment team (4) Assess according to an index (5) Communication and discussion with school merger stakeholders (6) Completion of school merger impact evaluation and feasibility analysis (7) Provision of pro- or anti- merger suggestions from evaluation team (8) Conduct public hearings to ensure consensus (9) Obtain of the approval of 80 % or more students towards the school merger motion (10) Deliberation of school merger implementation by education committee on (11) Research detailed school merger and land use settlement plans and supplementary measures (12) Deliberation merger implementation by direct jurisdiction city or county council (13) Apply to the Ministry of Education for merger approval (14) Conduct detailed merger and land use settlement plans and supplementary measures (15) Follow-up and counseling
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Chiou, Chii-Ming, and 邱啟銘. "Eliminated and Merged Rules of Small-scaled Primary School in Chang-hua." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17871829432803662341.
Full textAbstract:
碩士立德大學
城鄉與資產計劃學系
97
Rapid changes in society and prompt development of industry and commerce in the 21st century has resulted in imbalanced regional evolution, over-urbanization and serious loss of the rural population. In addition, the declining trend of birthrate makes the imbalance of primary schools’ supply and demand worse and worse. Consequently, the number of students enrolling in smaller, remote schools is decreasing dramatically, forcing these institutions to diminish in size. At the same time, due to weakened government finances, the Control Yuan has proposed to close down or merge these small-scaled schools which aren’t as cost efficient, in order to save on education expenditure. The merging of these smaller-scaled schools would be helpful for improving interpersonal skills and social interaction among students. Additionally, combining of school resources would not only upgrade the schools’ quality of service but also make the best use of these resources to enhance students’ learning efficiency and competitiveness. This research is, on local educational and financial point of view, examining issues surrounding the mergers and shutting down of small-scaled schools in Changhua County. The approach focuses on the various financial impacts of merging small-scaled schools, including the fixed cost, relocation cost, personnel cost, transportation cost, land conversion profit and so on. This study will establish a suggested criteria as well as a sequence plan for closing and merging schools by a means of comparative cost-benefit analysis identified through short-term (5 years), medium term (10 years), or long-term (15 years)investigations. Furthermore, the study will propose different alternatives while taking into consideration student’s safety, transportation costs, and commute time. Research reveals that, without taking transportation cost into consideration, and under the premise that classes will not increase, and regardless of short-term, medium or long-term analyses, the closer the distance between the schools to be merged, and the safer and more convenient it is to reach the school, the higher the cost-benefit. However, distance would not be the sole determinant of cost. Education is a vital and lasting journey. For the most part, closing down and merging small-scaled schools is helpful for reducing the overall expenditure of educational costs; however, there are also intangible aspects that are unaccounted for in this research, such as social loss of local customs and cultures in remote areas. When making the decision to shut down or merge schools in those areas, government authorities should have a more comprehensive and detailed review with the students’ best interest in mind and also make an effort to minimize the invisible losses to society that may result from those actions.
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WANG, Yi-You, and 王怡又. "Effect of multicultural education merged into school-based curriculum on ethnic cultural learning." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62553422085084319450.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
地理學系
101
This research focused on the effect of implementation of the multicultural education merged into school-based curriculum in following contents. (1) the student ethnic cultural cognitive learning , (2) the effects on student’s ethnic contact experience and ethnic interaction , (3) the differences of three ethnic groups (Han race, aboriginal, immigrant resident)and gender in ethnic cultural cognitive learning, ethnic contact experience and ethnic interaction and (4) examine the impact of ethnic interaction influencing factors. The sample of this research is the seventh grade students in D junior high school in Taoyuan County and T junior high school in New Taipei City. In this research, both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied to achieve the objectives. The qualitative method was conducted in interview 10 students in December 2012.The quantitative method was conducted using questionnaire, a total of 450 surveys were distributed with 92% response rate which means 414 usable responses were obtained. The collected data were first analyzed using descriptive analysis to explore the individual attribute of students. Also, t-test and one way ANOVA analysis are conducted to test the significant differences in ethnic cultural cognitive learning, ethnic contact experience, and ethnic interaction. In addition, multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors that affected the ethnic interaction. The main findings: (1) the students' ethnic cultural cognitive learning have a positive impact, (2) three ethnic groups (Han race, aboriginal, immigrant resident) had significant differences in ethnic contact experience, the contact experience of aboriginal is better than other ethnic groups, (3) three ethnic groups had significant differences in ethnic interaction, the aboriginal had more interaction with other ethnic groups than others, (4) gender had significant differences in ethnic contact experience and ethnic interaction, (5) ethnic contact experience is the factor that influence ethnic interaction, the better experience the better interaction, (6) students often encounter the different ethnic groups classmates in their daily lives, (7) the contact experience affect students ethnic interaction in future,and (8) students can increase their own ethnic and cultural cognitions by dynamic activities and visit the exhibition. The findings in this research suggest that: (1) in curriculum implementation, we can try to add the related concepts of aboriginal or immigrant resident into the curriculum, so students have a basic understanding about the culture of different ethnic group, (2) we should encourage students to increase the contact experience, teachers can design experiential activities, let students experience the different cultural connotations,and (3) provide students the better and more opportunities of ethnic contact experience, in order to increase the interaction between ethnic groups.In terms of future work, further studies can (1)survey the different attributes of students, (2) add the different cultural connotations of aboriginal and immigrant resident, (3) compare the differences in different scope.
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Cheng, Wen-Fu, and 鄭文富. "A Study on the Policy of Elementary Schools Merger from John Rawls’s Conception of Justice." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47477196841245298227.
Full textAbstract:
碩士華梵大學
哲學系碩士班
98
Abstract The economic development in Taiwan during early years accelerated urbanization of many areas, causing concentration of population in downtown areas. The low-birth rate problem that is becoming worse in recent years has further shrunken the scale of many schools located in remote and rural areas. Some of these schools were even closed due to insufficient enrollment of students. As early as 1987, our government was aware of the cost of education in small schools. From the economic point of view, small schools are not economically effective, and school merger is one of the options considered by the government to reduce the cost of education. In the early stage of merging schools, public opinions should always be prioritized. However, due to financial pressure, all local governments have no choice but to merge schools based on the optimal economic scale of schools. Under considerations of the optimal scale of economy, can school effectiveness be enhanced through merger? Can students’ learning quality be improved? Can students’ right to education be evaluated by economic effectiveness? This study investigated the school merger policy based on John Rawls’s conception of justice. John Rawls proposed two principles of justice to rectify the view of economic benefits. John Rawls did not oppose the pursuit of effectiveness but he also argued that everyone could be the least-advantaged members of the society, suggesting that no one can be deprived of the most fundamental conditions for life. Based on John Rawls’s two principles of justice, this study examined the theories supporting integration and merging of school to achieve the economic scale of education as well as issues related to equality of educational opportunity and the decision-making process. The functions of education are to facilitate social mobility, allow people to enjoy social culture and be involved in social affairs, and create a sense of self value and confidence in everyone. Based on the principle of equality of educational opportunity, the government of any nation should satisfy its citizens’ needs for education and protect their right to education through stipulation of laws. School merger is a policy that considers only economic effectiveness and ignores the needs for education among the minority in remote areas. John Rawls proposed that principles of justice should be decided on the condition that people are behind a veil of ignorance. That is to say, if all people are blinded to their social positions and every one of them is likely to become the minority, will they still agree with the school merger policy? According to the laws of our nation, budgets should be prioritized and particularly extended for the disadvantaged and schools in remote areas. The intent of these laws is consistent with John Rawls’s idea that more budgets and training should be offered to members who are born disadvantaged, allowing them to access all offices, positions, and wealth under the condition of equality of opportunity. The school merger policy ignores the needs of the socially disadvantaged. Such policy is permitted only when the disadvantaged can be benefited while more attention is given to the advantaged. In other words, school merger can still conform to the requirements of legitimacy and social justice if it can benefit both the advantaged and the disadvantaged, enrich education resources available to all of them, and improve their learning effectiveness.
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Huang, Ya-Ling, and 黃雅玲. "Case study of a mini-sized elementary school which faces the crisis of being merged." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09606206908249987655.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
教育研究所
97
The study focus on a mini-sized elementary school which faces the crisis of being merged. The researcher undergos a one-year-and-half field study. With a serious of in-depth interview,participatory observation,and document analysis,the principal investigate collectes relevant information.The purpose of the research is to figure out the contextual factors related to the emerge elimination of a mini-sized elementary school .Furthermore,the researcher trys to realize the manners and reactions of principals vice-principals teachers and parents community member when they face the merger crisis and how they develope their strategies. Based on the findings，here are the main results of study： 1.The merger of mini-sized schools is a complicated consequence caused by multiple factors：contemporary social, economic, demographic, financial educational and political change. Each of the factors influences the others. 2.The principal vice-principals teachers parents and community member of the case study school all oppose to the county government’s to merge mini-sized schools. 3.When facinging the crisis of being merge,the principal leads the whole school and community to develop strategies.However,being constrained by the conservative organization culture of the school and county government’s postponing policy to merge,the school delays the progress of developing positive strategies to meet the challenge of merger. 4.Even though there’s no close relationship or interaction among the case study school,community and the parents,school principal and teachers all approved the importance of involving community members and parents for the school’s future. 5.Barriers for the case school to develop positive strategies to meet the merger crisis include：hard to find school’s special merits, principal’s tenure of office, low participation rate,insufficient profession of teachers,overload on teachers and insufficient funding.