Academic literature on the topic 'Schizophrenia Victoria'

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Journal articles on the topic "Schizophrenia Victoria"

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Wallace, Cameron, Paul E. Mullen, Philip Burgess, Simon Palmer, David Ruschena, and Chris Browne. "Serious criminal offending and mental disorder." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, no. 6 (June 1998): 477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.6.477.

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BackgroundA relationship exists between mental disorder and offending behaviours but the nature and extent of the association remains in doubt.MethodThose convicted in the higher courts of Victoria between 1993 and 1995 had their pyschiatric history explored by case linkage to a register listing virtually all contacts with the public psychiatric services.ResultsPrior psychiatric contact was found in 25% of offenders, but the personality disorder and substance misuse accounted for much of this relationship. Schizophrenia and affective disorders were also over-represented, particularly those with coexisting substance misuse.ConclusionsThe increased offending in schizophrenia and affective illness is modest and may often be mediated by coexisting substance misuse. The risk of a serious crime being committed by someone with a major mental illness is small and does not justify subjecting them, as a group, to either increased institutional containment or greater coercion.
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Ong, Kevin, Andrew Carroll, Shannon Reid, and Adam Deacon. "Community Outcomes of Mentally Disordered Homicide Offenders in Victoria." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 8 (January 1, 2009): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670903001976.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe characteristics and post-release outcomes of Victorian homicide offenders under the Crimes (Mental Impairment and Unfitness to be Tried) Act 1997 (and/or its forerunner legislation) released from forensic inpatient psychiatric care since the development of specialist forensic services. Method: A legal database identified subjects meeting inclusion criteria: hospitalized in forensic psychiatric care due to finding of mental impairment or unfitness to stand trial for homicide in Victoria; released into the community; and released between 1 January 1991 and 30 April 2002. Using clinical records, demographics, index offence, progress in hospital, diagnosis, psychosocial and criminological data were obtained. Outcomes (offending or readmission into secure care) were obtained from the clinical records. Results: Of the 25 subjects, 19 (76%) were male. Primary diagnoses on admission to forensic hospital care were schizophrenia, n = 16 (64%); other psychotic disorder, n = 5 (20%); depression, n = 3 (12%); and personality disorder, n = 1 (4%). Mean time in custodial supervision was 11 years and 2 months, less for those whose offence occurred after the development of forensic rehabilitation services. In the first 3 years after release, there was a single episode of criminal recidivism, representing a recidivism rate of 1 in 25 (4%) over 3 years. Twelve subjects (48%) were readmitted at some point in the 3 year follow up. Conclusion: There was a very low rate of recidivism after discharge, but readmissions to hospital were common. Lengths of custodial care were reduced after the introduction of forensic rehabilitation facilities. Recidivism is low when there are well-designed and implemented forensic community treatment programmes, consistent with other data suggesting a reciprocal relationship between safe community care and a low threshold for readmission to hospital, lessening re-offending at times of crisis. Further research should be directed at timing of release decisions, based on reducing identified risk factors to acceptable levels.
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Dawson, John, and Sarah Romans. "Uses of Community Treatment Orders in New Zealand: Early Findings." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 35, no. 2 (April 2001): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00873.x.

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Objective: To assess the uses of Community Treatment Orders (CommTOs) in New Zealand. Method: A retrospective study of patients' records held by the regional administrator of mental health legislation and a survey of psychiatrists attending a conference in Dunedin. Results: Males under Community Treatment Orders (CommTOs) outnumbered females 6:4; a high proportion were considered to have a major psychotic disorder; and one fifth remained under a CommTO for more than a year without inpatient care. Among the psychiatrists, there was a high level of agreement that, when used appropriately, the benefits of CommTOs outweigh their coercive impact on the patients; the most strongly supported indicator for use was the promotion of compliance with medication. The rate of use of CommTOs in Otago is remarkably similar to the rate in Victoria, Australia. Conclusions: Records suggest that a significant proportion of patients under CommTOs are not soon readmitted; and many clinicians in New Zealand consider CommTOs to be a useful strategy for managing the community care of long-term patients with schizophrenia and major affective disorders.
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MAQSOOD, NIAZ, JAMIL AHMED MALIK, BUSHRA AKRAM, Shoaib Luqman, and Naima Niaz. "PSYCHIATRIC INPATIENTS;." Professional Medical Journal 15, no. 01 (March 10, 2008): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.01.2706.

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To explore the pattern and prevalence of inpatient psychiatricmorbidity and to see how it differs from the pattern of psychiatric morbidity in community. Design: The details of all inpatients from the case register developed for a health information system was included in study Setting: In Departmentof Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From 1998-2003. Results: Atotal of 5426 patients were admitted in the six year. There was a slight difference of 0.8% in total number of males andfemales cases (i.e., 2764 males Vs 2662 females). Overall difference reported in the present study, in mean ages ofmales and females was 3.45 years (i.e., males = 31.85 Vs females = 28.40). Mean stay of patients in ward is 10-12days. Most patients were admitted with Conversion disorder 24% followed by Schizophrenia 23%, Depressive disorder20%, Drug Dependence 10%, Bipolar Disorder 7%. The patients with Neurotic Disorder and Organic Disorder werebelow 5%. Conclusion: The study showed that overall general pattern of inpatient psychiatric morbidity is in line withpattern of psychiatric morbidity in community and the partial variance can be explained in terms of social variables, asthis variance exist even across studies within community samples.
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Turner, Trevor. "Rich and mad in Victorian England." Psychological Medicine 19, no. 1 (February 1989): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700011004.

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SynopsisClinical analyses of 19th century psychiatric practice have been limited by the paucity of available records. Using the richly detailed casebooks of Ticehurst House Asylum, it was possible to study over 600 admissions and assess them using the Research Diagnostic Criteria. Over 80% of cases conformed to recognizable psychiatric illness, mainly schizophrenia and manicdepressive psychosis. Movement disorder, often equivalent to tardive dyskinesia, was noted in nearly one-third of schizophrenics. Violence, masturbation and severe psychopathology were also common features. The implications of these findings in terms of treatment, diagnosis and the rise of the asylum are discussed.
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Thompson, Sandra C., Gill E. Checkley, Jane S. Hocking, Nick Crofts, Anne M. Mijch, and Fiona K. Judd. "HIV Risk Behaviour and HIV Testing of Psychiatric Patients in Melbourne." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4 (August 1997): 566–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709065079.

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Objectives: Patients with chronic mental illnesses constitute an important risk group for HIV infection overseas. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of risk behaviours associated with HIV transmission and factors associated with HIV testing in psychiatric patients in Melbourne. Methods: Inpatients and outpatients completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire which covered demographics, psychiatric diagnosis, risk behaviour, and HIV education and testing. Results: Of 145 participants, 60% were male and 55.2% had schizophrenia. Injecting drug use (IDU) was reported by 15.9%, a figure approximately 10 times that found in other population surveys. Most patients reported sex in the last decade and over 20% had multiple sexual partners in the last year. Of males, 12.6% reported sex with another male (9.2% anal sex); 19.0% of females reported sex with a bisexual male. Nearly half of the males reported sex with a prostitute, 2.5 times that in a population sample. Only 15.9% reported ever having someone talk to them specifically about HIV and its transmission, although one-third had been tested for HIV. In multivariate analysis, male-male sex, paying for sex, and IDU were associated with HIV testing, but those whose primary language was not English were less likely to be tested. Those who had received HIV education were more likely to have used a condom last time they had sex (OR 4.52, 95%C11.49–14.0). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that those with serious mental illness in Victoria have higher rates of participation in risk behaviour for HIV infection than those in the general community. Attention to HIV education and prevention in this group has been inappropriately scant; strategies to encourage safer behaviour are urgently needed.
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Systema, S., P. Burgess, and M. Tansella. "Does Community Care Decrease Length of Stay and Risk of Rehospitalization in New Patients With Schizophrenia Disorders? A Comparative Case Register Study in Groningen, the Netherlands; Victoria, Australia; and South Verona, Italy." Schizophrenia Bulletin 28, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006937.

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Roberts, Susan B., Christine A. Hill, Brian Dean, Nicholas A. Keks, Ken Opeskin, and David L. Copolov. "Confirmation of the Diagnosis of Schizophrenia after Death Using DSM-IV: A Victorian Experience." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 1 (February 1998): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809062709.

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Objective: This study examines the reliability of antemortem diagnoses of schizophrenia using DSM-IV criteria. Method: The case histories of 83 subjects with a provisional diagnosis of schizophrenia at autopsy were retrospectively reviewed using a semi-structured chart review and application of DSM-IV criteria. Agreement between antemortem and postmortem diagnoses of schizophrenia was examined, as well as the concordance between DSM-IV diagnoses and previously obtained diagnoses using DSM-Ill-R and ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia. Results: According to DSM-IV, 30.1% of cases did not have schizophrenia, compared to 36.1% using DSM-Ill-R criteria and 51.8% of cases using ICD-10 criteria. Concordance between DSM-IV and DSM-Ill-R diagnoses of schizophrenia was excellent (k = 0.81), but only fair between DSM-IV and ICD-10 (k = 0.57). Of the cases that did not meet the formal criteria for schizophrenia, the majority were reassigned diagnoses of schizoaffective disorder and affective disorder. Conclusions: The use of human brain tissue in postmortem studies of schizophrenia must be linked to standardised diagnostic assessment procedures. Diagnoses can be upgraded with the development of new criteria, providing sufficient clinical data is available in case histories.
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Nixon, N., and G. Doody. "Schizophrenia in late Victorian and Edwardian England." Schizophrenia Research 60, no. 1 (March 2003): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(03)80140-8.

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Scott, Russ, and Steve Prowacki. "Insight and capacity to consent to electroconvulsive therapy." Australasian Psychiatry 27, no. 5 (June 17, 2019): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856219852290.

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Objective: To critically examine a recent decision of the Victorian Supreme Court that found that the Mental Health Tribunal and the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal erred in the application of the capacity test in the Mental Health Act 2014 (Vic) and that compulsory electroconvulsive therapy would infringe upon the human rights of two patients who had no insight into their chronic schizophrenia. Conclusions: After considering the concepts of insight and capacity to consent to treatment, the paper concludes that the decision in NJE and PBU v Mental Health Tribunal [2018] VSC 564 is problematic clinically.
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Book chapters on the topic "Schizophrenia Victoria"

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Thelandersson, Fredrika. "A Historical Lineage of Sad and Mad Women." In 21st Century Media and Female Mental Health, 33–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16756-0_2.

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AbstractWomen’s affective states have a long history of being pathologized under names like neurasthenia, hysteria, and schizophrenia. In culture, the sad and mad woman has appeared as various popular figures: the Victorian madwoman, the hysteric, the schizophrenic, and the Prozac-consuming American woman of the 1990s, to name a few. This chapter traces a brief history of how women’s mental health has been pathologized in the American and European West, and accounts for feminist interpretations of these various pathologizations. I hope to show that mental illness diagnoses are neither completely discursive (socially and linguistically constructed) nor fixed neurological truths (biological facts of life that always look the same), but emerge and take shape in a complex interplay between sociocultural discourses and an ever-developing medical science.
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