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Journal articles on the topic 'Schistosomiasis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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1

Francis, Beatrice, Gabriel Shirima, Kelvin E. Vulla, Khadija Said, and Jerry Hella. "Spatial Distribution of Schistosomiasis and itsassociated risk factors among Preschool aged children in Temeke district, Tanzania." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering 09, no. 10 (2023): 09–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31695/ijasre.2023.9.10.2.

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Schistosomiasisis a public health problem common in poor communities that causes damage to the urinary tract and intestines among people as well as stunting among young children. Little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for schistosomiasis in pre-schoolers.This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution and geographical and clinical factors associated with schistosomiasis among pre-schoolers in Temeke district. Researchers conducteda secondary data analysis to determine the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis among preschoolers, a hotspot analysis to identify hotspot areas, and visited them to observe geographical factors associated with schistosomiasis. Researchers alsoconducted key informant interviews (KI) with community members to identify risk factors for schistosomiasis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to find associations between dependent and independent variables. We analyzed 226 study participants, of whom 91 (40.27%) had a schistosomiasis infection and 135 (59.73%) had no infection. Of all, 113 (50.0%) of the participants were female, and 113 (50.0%) were male. Most participants lived within 1 km of the river. A total of 79 (34.96%) participants used river water. While 172 (76.11%) of participants used tap water for drinking, 53 (23.45%) used borehole sources for drinking water. In multivariate analysis, stunting and malnutrition were significantly associated with schistosomiasis infection. Spatial analysis identifiedclusters of schistosomiasis infectionmore in the northern part of Temeke district and fewer in the south of the district. The findings suggest a need for the establishment of a suitable control strategy for schistosomiasis in Temeke district, which will include all groups at risk, including preschoolers

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2

Xue, Jingbo, Xiaokang Hu, Yuwan Hao, Yanfeng Gong, Xinyi Wang, Liangyu Huang, Shan Lv, Jing Xu, Shizhu Li, and Shang Xia. "Transmission Risk Predicting for Schistosomiasis in Mainland China by Exploring Ensemble Ecological Niche Modeling." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8010024.

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Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum is one of the major neglected tropical diseases worldwide. The snail Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of S. japonicum, which is recognized as an indicator of the schistosomias occurrence. In order to evaluate the risk of schistosomiasis in China, this work investigate the potential geographical distribution of host snail habitus by developing an ensemble ecological niche model with reference to the suitable environmental factors. The historical records of snail habitus were collected form the national schistosomiasis surveillance program from the year of 2005 to 2014. A total of 25 environmental factors in terms of the climate, geographic, and socioeconomic determinants of snail habitats were collected and geographically coded with reference to the snail data. Based on the correlations among snail habitats and the geographically associated environmental factors, an ensemble ecological niche model was developed by integrating ten standard models, aiming for improving the predictive accuracy. Three indexes are used for model performance evaluation, including receiver operating characteristic curves, kappa statistics, and true skill statistics. The model was used for mapping the risk of schistosomiasis in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The results have shown that the predicted risk areas were classified into low risk (4.55%), medium risk (2.01%), and high risk areas (4.40%), accounting for 10.96% of the land area of China. This study demonstrated that the developed ensemble ecological niche models was an effective tool for evaluating the risk of schistosomiasis, particularly for the endemic regions, which were not covered by the national schistosomiasis control program.

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3

Ramos, Eduardo Antonio Gonçalves, and Zilton A. Andrade. "Chronic glomerulonephritis associated with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 29, no. 3 (June 1987): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651987000300008.

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In a series of 36 cases of renal disease associated with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis the following morphologic types of glomerulonephritis were found: mesangio-capillary (33.2%), mesangial proliferative (25.0%), focal glomerular sclerosis (16.7%) and sclerosing glomerulonephritis (8.3%). No significant statistical differences were found when these results were compared with those from 36 cases of glomerulonephritis not associated with hepatosplenic disease. On the other hand, endocapillary glomerulonephritis was found to be predominant in the latter group of cases. These results did not substantiate the assumption that mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis is specifically related to hepatosplenic schistosomiais. However, if the types of glomerulonephritis that predominantly involve the me-sangium are considered together, they are significantly associated with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Mesangial involvement is known to occur in other parasitic diseases and that may be related to a common immunopathogenesis.

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4

Nurwidayati, Anis, Junus Widjaja, Samarang Samarang, Made Agus Nurjana, Intan Tolistiawaty, and Phetisya PFS. "Kepadatan dan Tingkat Infeksi Serkaria Schistosoma japonicum pada Keong Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis dengan Kasus Schistosomiasis di Daerah Endemis Schistosomiasis, Sulawesi Tengah." Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan 46, no. 1 (July 4, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v46i1.59.

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AbstractSchistosomiasis in Indonesia only found in Napu and Bada Highlands, Poso district and Lindu Highlandsin Sigi district, Central Sulawesi Province. Schistosomiasis in Indonesia caused by Schistosoma japonicumand Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis is the intermediate snail host. The mapping of snail foci areas in2017 showed that there was a significant change in the spread of the snail's foci. This paper aimed todescribe the density and infection rate of S. japonicum cercariae in the snail host in the endemic areasof schistosomiasis in Central Sulawesi Province. The mean O.hupensis lindoensis snail density in Napuranged from 0.9 to 6.6/m2, with mean rates of cercariae infections ranging from 0.4% to 21.4%. The snaildensity average in Lindu ranging from 3/m2 to 69,1/m2, with 4.4%-72.9% of cercariae infections. In badathe snail density ranged from 0.1 to 4.9/m2, with mean rates of cercariae infections ranging from 0% to14.9%. Bivariate analysis showed there was no correlation between snail density and cercariae infectionrate with schistosomiasis case (p value> 0.05).Keywords : Schistosomiasis, density, infection rate, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Central Sulawesi AbstrakSchistosomiasis di Indonesia hanya ditemukan di Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah, yaitu Dataran Tinggi Napudan Dataran Tinggi Bada, Kabupaten Poso serta Dataran Tinggi Lindu, Kabupaten Sigi. Schistosomiasisdi Indonesia disebabkan oleh Schistosoma japonicum dengan hospes perantara keong Oncomelaniahupensis lindoensis. Pemetaan daerah fokus pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahanyang signifikan dalam penyebaran fokus keong. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kepadatandan infection rate serkaria S.japonicum pada keong perantara schistosomiasis di wilayah endemisschistosomiasis di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Rerata kepadatan keong O.hupensis lindoensis di Napuberkisar dari 0,9 – 6,6/m2, dengan rerata tingkat infeksi serkaria berkisar antara 0,4% sampai 21,4%, diLindu kepadatan keong berkisar antara 3/m2 sampai 69,1/m2, dengan tingkat infeksi serkaria 4,4%¬72,9%,dan di Bada kepadatan keong berkisar antara 0,1 – 4,9/m2, dengan rerata tingkat infeksi serkaria berkisarantara 0 % sampai 14,9%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi antara kepadatan keong dantingkat infeksi serkaria dengan jumlah kasus schistosomiasis nilai p value > 0.05.Kata kunci: Schistosomiasis, kepadatan, tingkat infeksi, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, SulawesiTengah

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5

Lucey, Daniel R., and James H. Maguire. "SCHISTOSOMIASIS." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 7, no. 3 (September 1993): 635–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(20)30547-x.

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6

Brown, Michael. "Schistosomiasis." Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (October 2011): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.11-5-479.

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7

MacConnachie, A. "Schistosomiasis." Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 42, no. 1 (March 16, 2012): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4997/jrcpe.2012.111.

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8

Ross, Allen G. P., Paul B. Bartley, Adrian C. Sleigh, G. Richard Olds, Yuesheng Li, Gail M. Williams, and Donald P. McManus. "Schistosomiasis." New England Journal of Medicine 346, no. 16 (April 18, 2002): 1212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra012396.

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9

Stone, Chris. "Schistosomiasis." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 21, no. 5 (September 2005): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479305280883.

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10

Husnawati, Eka, and Novyan Lusiyana. "Schistosomiasis." Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia 7, no. 3 (January 20, 2016): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jkki.vol7.iss3.art6.

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11

Jenkins-Holick, Darcy S., and Teri L. Kaul. "Schistosomiasis." Urologic Nursing 33, no. 4 (2013): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.7257/1053-816x.2013.33.4.163.

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12

James, Stephanie, and Daniel Colley. "Schistosomiasis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 8, no. 5 (October 1995): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-199510000-00006.

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13

El-Garem, Ahmed Ali. "Schistosomiasis." Digestion 59, no. 5 (1998): 589–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000007534.

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14

Conlon, Christopher P. "Schistosomiasis." Medicine 33, no. 8 (August 2005): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.2005.33.8.64.

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15

Conlon, Christopher P. "Schistosomiasis." Medicine 29, no. 6 (June 2001): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.29.6.68.28129.

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16

Caffrey, Conor R., and W. Evan Secor. "Schistosomiasis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 24, no. 5 (October 2011): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e328349156f.

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17

Driver, Carolyn. "Schistosomiasis." Practice Nursing 12, no. 12 (December 2001): 510–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2001.12.12.9233.

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18

Wilson, R. Alan. "Schistosomiasis." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 95, no. 6 (November 2001): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90122-1.

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19

Blanchard, Tom J. "Schistosomiasis." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2, no. 1 (February 2004): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2004.02.011.

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20

VANDERVLIET, H., F. VANKEMENADE, T. HEKKER, and M. CRAANEN. "Schistosomiasis." Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 3, no. 6 (June 2005): A26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1542-3565(05)00244-2.

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21

Cullinan, T. "Schistosomiasis." BMJ 308, no. 6937 (April 30, 1994): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6937.1165.

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22

King, C. H., and A. A. F. Mahmoud. "Schistosomiasis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 1, no. 5 (September 1988): 682–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-198809000-00003.

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23

Elliott, David E. "SCHISTOSOMIASIS." Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 25, no. 3 (September 1996): 599–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70265-x.

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24

Jordan, Kathleen T. "Schistosomiasis." Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 20, no. 12 (June 1998): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-4399(00)88634-1.

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25

Barnett, Richard. "Schistosomiasis." Lancet 392, no. 10163 (December 2018): 2431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)33008-3.

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26

Utzinger, J. "Schistosomiasis." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 21 (April 2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.502.

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27

Palmer, Philip E. S. "Schistosomiasis." Seminars in Roentgenology 33, no. 1 (January 1998): 6–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-198x(98)80028-x.

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28

Audu, Ibrahim O. "Schistosomiasis." Tropical Doctor 18, no. 1 (January 1988): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947558801800119.

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29

Greenwald, Beverly. "Schistosomiasis." Gastroenterology Nursing 28, no. 3 (May 2005): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001610-200505000-00002.

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&NA;. "Schistosomiasis." Gastroenterology Nursing 28, no. 3 (May 2005): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001610-200505000-00003.

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31

Chen, Wei, Ethan A. Flynn, Michael J. Shreefter, and Noel A. Blagg. "Schistosomiasis." Obstetrics & Gynecology 119, Part 2 (February 2012): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aog.0b013e31822da6a4.

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32

Ebrahim, G. J. "Schistosomiasis." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 32, no. 5 (October 1, 1986): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/32.5.210.

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EBRAHIM, G. J. "Schistosomiasis." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 32, no. 5 (October 1, 1986): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/32.5.212.

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34

Bear, JN. "Schistosomiasis." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume 75-B, no. 4 (July 1993): 519–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.75b4.8331101.

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35

Gryseels, Bruno. "Schistosomiasis." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 26, no. 2 (June 2012): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2012.03.004.

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36

Jordan, P. "Schistosomiasis." Parasitology Today 4, no. 12 (December 1988): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(88)90013-0.

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37

Brightman, Christopher. "Schistosomiasis." Trends in Urology & Men's Health 2, no. 5 (September 2011): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tre.224.

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38

Anastasia, Hayani, Junus Widjaja, Samarang Samarang, Yuyun Srikandi, Risti Risti, and Ade Kurniawan. "Prevalensi Serkaria Schistosoma japonicum pada Keong Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Kepadatan Keong, dan Daerah Fokus, di Daerah Endemis, Indonesia." Jurnal Vektor Penyakit 16, no. 1 (August 8, 2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/vektorp.v16i1.6015.

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ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis in Indonesia is caused by the trematode worm S. japonicum, with the snail Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis as the intermediate host. To eliminate schistosomiasis by 2020, cross-sectoral schistosomiasis control is carried out, including implementing environmental management based on the results of mapping the focus areas. This study aimed to determine whether there was a decrease in foci and infection rates in snails with comprehensive cross-sectoral schistosomiasis control activities in the pilot village. This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in six schistosomiasis endemic areas. The results showed that snail density, infection rate, and the number of focus areas decreased after the inter-sectoral intervention. The prevalence of schistosomiasis in snails varied; in some focus areas, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in snails decreased after the intervention, but in some focus areas, the prevalence of snails did not decrease. ABSTRAK Schistosomiasis di Indonesia disebabkan oleh cacing trematoda jenis S. japonicum dengan hospes perantara keong Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. Eliminasi schistosomiasis pada tahun 2020 pengendalian schistosomiasis dilakukan oleh lintas sektor termasuk didalamnya pelaksanaan manajemen lingkungan yang dilakukan berdasarkan hasil pemetaan daerah fokus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada penurunan jumlah fokus dan infection rate pada keong dengan adanya kegiatan pengendalian schistosomiasis secara komprehensif oleh lintas sektor di desa percontohan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di enam daerah endemis schistosomiasis. Hasil menunjukkan kepadatan keong, infection rate, dan jumlah daerah fokus menurun setelah dilakukan intervensi oleh lintas sektor. Prevalensi schistosomiasis pada keong bervariasi, sebagian daerah fokus prevalensi schistosomiasis pada keong berkurang setelah dilakukan intervensi, namun pada beberapa daerah fokus prevalensi pada keong tidak mengalami penurunan.

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39

Alhaji, G. K., M. M. Dogara, J. B. Balogun, M. M. Abubakaar, M. A. Sufi, S. S. Dawaki, and M. Isah Usman. "Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Warwade Community, Jigawa State, Nigeria." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 7, no. 3b (January 6, 2022): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v7i3b.2.

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There is currently no documented literature on the status of transmission of schistosomiasis in Warwade community situated near a dam. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the community. A total of 300 urine and stool samples from randomly selected participants were analysed for S. haematobium and S. mansoni using sedimentation and kato-katz techniques respectively. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered to all the participants and in the case of minors their parents/guardians. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 to determine if there was any significant difference between schistosomiasis and demographic characteristics of participants as well as the association between schistosomiasis and risk factors at P<0.05. The results revealed an overall prevalence of 20.3% with urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis having 12.3% and 8% respectively .Out of every 8 persons in the community one had urinary schistosomiasis while in every 12 persons, one had intestinal and in every 5 persons, one had at least either of the species. Urinary schistosomiasis was higher in females, but was the opposite in intestinal infection. Schistosomiasis infection was highest among children ≤ 18 years and ≤40 years and the opposite was the case for intestinal schistosomiasis, where 19 to 29 years had the highest prevalence. Age and occupation were the risk factors associated with schistosomiasis infection at P<0.05. All the positive samples for urinary schistosomiasis subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification were positive. This study showed that Warwade community is endemic for schistosomiasis. Keywords: Sedimentation, Kato-katz, schistosomiasis, endemic

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40

Widjaja, Junus, Ahmad Erlan, Intan Tolistiawaty, Yuyun Srikandi, and Hasrida Mustafa. "Penyusunan dan Penerapan Peraturan Desa tentang Pengendalian Schistosomiasis di Daerah Endemis." Jurnal Vektor Penyakit 15, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/vektorp.v15i2.5492.

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ABSTRACT In Indonesia, schistosomiasis is caused by the blood worm Schistosoma japonicum, resulting harmful impact on the economy and public health. Can lead to including stunting (stunting) and reduced learning ability, especially in of children. Schistosomiasis elimination strategies include cross-sectoral involvement and community participation. Implementation of the Bada Model is community empowerment in an effort to control schistosomiasis. Implementation of the Schistosomiasis Village Regulation is an important part. Methods were activities of drafting, submitting the drafts to the secretariat of the Poso Regional Government, socializing village regulations and ratifying village regulations and evaluating the implementation of village regulations. There was a decrease in the prevalence of schistosomiasis in humans, increased fecal collection coverage, and a decline in the number of snail foci. The application of village regulations apparently strengthens the control of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. ABSTRAK Di Indonesia, schistosomiasis disebabkan oleh cacing darah Schistosoma japonicum, Dampak buruk pada ekonomi dan kesehatan masyarakat. stunting dan berkurangnya kemampuan belajar pada anak-anak. Strategi eliminasi schistosomiasis antara lain keterlibatan lintas sektor dan peran serta masyarakat, Implementasi Model Bada merupakan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam upaya pengendalian schistosomiasis, Pelaksanaan Peraturan Desa Schistosomiasis merupakan salah bagian yang penting. Metode melalui pembuatan draf, pengajuan draf ke sekretariat Pemda Poso, sosialisasi perdes, pengesahan perdes dan evaluasi penerapan perdes. Adanya penurunan prevalensi schistosomiasis pada manusia, peningkatan cakupan pengumpulan tinja dan berkurangnya jumlah fokus keong. Penerapan Perdes menguatkan pengendalian schistosomiasis di daerah endemis.

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41

Fajri, Mohammad, Rais Rais, Nurul Fiskia Gamayanti, Siti Natazha Dg Mabaji, Shalsa Yunita Rahman Jati, and Rizwan Arisandi. "Mapping of Village Population Profile with Schistosomiasis Cases Using Clustering Large Applications." Jurnal Varian 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2024): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/varian.v7i2.3423.

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Schistosomiasis is a tropical disease caused by Schistosoma mansoni (intestinal schistosomiasis) and Schistosoma haematobium (urogenital schistosomiasis). Schistosomiasis in Indonesia is endemic to Central Sulawesi and is commonly found in the Napu Valley and Bada Valley areas, which are administratively included in Poso District and Sigi District. One approach to obtain information on schistosomiasis endemic areas is by mapping the population profile of villages with schistosomiasis cases. This mapping is intended to provide an overview of the social and demographic conditions of villages with schistosomiasis cases. One of the many analysis methods that can be used is cluster analysis. Cluster analysis is a method for grouping data based on the extent of their similarities. Data with similar characteristics will be grouped together, while data with different characteristics will be placed in different groups. Among several types of methods in cluster analysis is Clustering Large Application (CLARA). CLARA is a clustering method which is more robust to unusual data and can be applied to handle large volumes of data. The results of this study are obtained two optimum clusters, each possessing distinct characteristics as determined by Schistosomiasis cases indicators. Cluster 1 with low schistosomiasis cases and cluster 2 with high schistosomiasis cases.

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42

Claude Dejon Agobe, Jean, Yabo J Honkpehedji, Jeannot Fréjus Zinsou, Jean-Ronald Edoa, Bayodé R Adegbite, Mohamed Duali, Fabrice L Mougeni, et al. "PO 8503 EPIDEMIOLOGY, CO-INFECTIONS AND HAEMATOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN LIVING IN LAMBARÉNÉ, GABON." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (April 2019): A47.1—A47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.123.

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis is a highly prevalent parasitic infection in Central Africa, where co-endemicity with other parasitic infections is common, and schistosomiasis outcomes can be affected by those other infections. Therefore, proper schistosomiasis control needs epidemiological data accounting for co-infections, too. In this present study, our objective was to determine the epidemiological situation around schistosomiasis in Lambaréné.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among school-aged children living in Lambaréné. Urine filtration exam was performed for the detection of Schistosoma eggs. Kato-Katz and stool culture (Coproculture and Harada-Mori) techniques were used for the detection of soil-transmitted helminths. Detection of Plasmodium spp. and blood microfilariae was performed applying light microscopy. Risk factors for schistosomiasis and factors associated with schistosomiasis were investigated; haematology parameters evaluated.ResultsA total of 614 school children with available schistosomiasis status were included in the analysis. Mean age was 10.9 (SD=2.7) years, with a 0.95 boy-to-girl sex ratio. The prevalence of schistosomiasis was 26%. No risk factors except human-water contact were associated with schistosomiasis. Only Trichuris trichiura co-infection was associated with an increased odd (aOR=2.3, p-value=0.048) to be infected with schistosomiasis. Full blood counts showed a decrease of haemoglobin level and increase of WBC and platelet levels among the schistosoma-infected children. Haematuria was found associated with schistosomiasis (aOR=14.5, p-value<0.001) and was suitable to predict the disease.ConclusionThe prevalence of schistosomiasis is moderate in Lambaréné where human-water contact remains the main risk factor and praziquantel is available for treatment. Trichuriasis is associated with increased risk to be infected. Children with schistosomiasis exhibit a distinct full blood count profile and haematuria is found to be more suitable to predict infection. However, it is desirable to implement comprehensive approaches beyond chemotherapy for schistosomiasis control in this area as recommended by WHO.

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Kodzo-Grey Venyo, Anthony. "Schistosomiasis of the Testis and Other Intra-Scrotal Organs: A Review and Update." Clinical Research and Clinical Trials 5, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 01–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-4779/072.

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Schistosomiasis of the testis and other intra-scrotal contents is a very rare condition which can be encountered within Schistosomiasis endemic areas of the world. Because of global travelling and swimming in rivers within Schistosomiasis endemic areas of the world, intra-scrotal Schistosomiasis tends to be sporadically reported in all areas of the world in male children and adults. Intra-scrotal Schistosomiasis may manifest as (a) testicular mass that may be painless and thus simulate testicular tumour, other intra-scrotal Schistosomiasis may present as hydrocele, epididymal cyst or solid/firm epididymal mass, a mass on the tunica or extra-testicular parts of the scrotum, testicular/intra-scrotal discomfort / pain. The lesion could mimic epididymo-orchitis on very rare occasions. There would tend to be a history of travel to or return from a Schistosomiasis endemic region in patients who normally dwell within the non-Schistosomiasis endemic areas of the world. There may also be a history of a previous episode of haematuria in some cases. The levels of serum Beta-Human Chorionic antigen, Alpha fetoprotein and Lactate Dehydrogenase usually tends to be normal. Some cases of Schistosomiasis of the testis had been mis-diagnosed as testicular cancer and the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis had been established based upon the histopathology examination findings of Schistosoma within the orchidectomy testis, but if there is a high-index of suspicion for Schistosomiasis of the scrotal content based upon a patient dwelling within or having travelled to a Schistosomiasis endemic area supported by a history of haematuria and the tumour or tumoral mass is completely excised for frozen section pathology examination, then the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis of the testis would be confirmed and the rest of the testis can be saved from excision. If all cases of excised epididymal cysts and Tunica from hydrocele operations are submitted for histopathology examination, then incidental cases of Schistosomiasis of scrotal contents would be made. Complete treatment of Schistosomiasis of testis and or scrotal contents does include excision / biopsy of the lesion for pathology examination confirmation and utilization of anti-Schistosomiasis medicaments. Schistosomiasis of intra-scrotal/testicular contents may be responsible for infertility and azoospermia and if this is properly investigated, diagnosed and treated this could be ensued by resolution of infertility with resulting pregnancy of the spouse and the production of a baby and because of this, individuals who have azoospermia and infertility in Schistosomiasis endemic areas, a high index of suspicion would be required in other to establish the cause as well as treat the cause of the infertility. Treatment of intra-scrotal content Schistosomiasis does entail excision / biopsy of the lesion plus utilization of anti-Schistosoma medicament and Praziquantel is a common medication that tends to be given and this tends to yield good outcome.

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Lambertucci, J. R. "Acute schistosomiasis: clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 35, no. 5 (October 1993): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651993000500003.

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Three distinct syndromes caused by schistosomiasis have been described: cercarial dermatitis or swimmer's itch, acute schistosomiasis or Katayama fever, and chronic schistosomiasis. Complications of acute schistosomiasis have also been reported. The absence of a serological marker for the acute stage has hindered early diagnosis and treatment. Recently, an ELISA test using KLH (keyhole limpet haemocyanin) as antigen, has proved useful in differentiating acute from chronic schistosomiasis mansoni. Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that steroids act synergistically with schistosomicides in the treatment of Katayama syndrome. In this paper, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of acute schistosomiasis are updated.

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Ravi, Naveen, W. X. Yi, L. Yu, H. J. Ping, and D. Z. Hao. "Cerebral schistosomiasis." South African Journal of Radiology 17, no. 4 (November 8, 2013): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v17i4.8.

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Although schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is one of the most common parasitic infections in humans, schistosomal infection of the nervous system is rare. This report is of an unusual case of primary cerebral schistosomiasis and describes its magnetic resonance imaging appearance.

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JORDAN, P., G. WEBBE, and R. F. STURROCK. "Human schistosomiasis." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 36, no. 3 (June 1994): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651994000300016.

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47

Holen, Øyunn. "Schistosomiasis neglisjeres." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 130, no. 1 (2010): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.09.1404.

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Ongre, Aksel. "Schistosomiasis haematobium." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 131, no. 13-14 (2011): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.11.0309.

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Júnior, Antônio Santos de Araújo, Pedro Alberto Arlani, Arnaldo Salvestrini Júnior, Mirella Martins Fazzito, Evandro Sobroza De Mello, Albino Augusto Sorbello, and João Batista Gomes Bezerra. "Cerebral Schistosomiasis." JBNC - JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE NEUROCIRURGIA 22, no. 3 (March 23, 2018): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22290/jbnc.v22i3.1019.

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Schistosomiasis is a cutaneously acquired infection caused by trematodes (fla¬tworms from the phylum Platyhelminthes), due to swimming in contaminated waters. The central nervous system (CNS) schistosomiasis is a rare presen¬tation of the disease. Brain infection due to S. Mansoni has been rarely reported, in anedoctal fashion. It should be early recognized , since an available treatment may prevent neurological deterioration. A high index of sus¬picion is necessary, mainly in patients coming from endemic areas, with brain or spinal cord lesions associated with eosino¬philia and inflammatory CSF. The finding schistosoma eggs in stools or in a CNS biopsy confirms the diagnosis. We re¬port on a 35-year old brazilian man harboring an isolated brain infection due to S. mansoni.

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Naniwadekar, ManjiriRamchandra. "Cervical schistosomiasis." Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 51, no. 2 (2008): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0377-4929.41706.

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