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Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Kinaci, Emre, Erde Can, John J. La Scala, and Giuseppe R. Palmese. "Epoxidation of Cardanol’s Terminal Double Bond." Polymers 12, no. 9 (September 16, 2020): 2104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092104.

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In this investigation, the terminal double bonds of the side chain epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (SCECGE) molecule were further epoxidized in the presence of Oxone® (potassium peroxomonosulfate) and fluorinated acetone. Regular methods for the double bond epoxidation are not effective on the terminal double bonds because of their reduced electronegativity with respect to internal double bonds. The terminal double bond functionality of the SCECGE was epoxidized to nearly 70%, increasing the epoxy functionality of SCECGE from 2.45 to 2.65 epoxies/molecule as measured using proton magnetic nuclear resonance (1H-NMR). This modified material—side chain epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether with terminal epoxies (TE-SCECGE)—was thermally cured with cycloaliphatic curing agent 4-4′-methylenebis(cyclohexanamine) (PACM) at stoichiometry, and the cured polymer properties, such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and tensile modulus, were compared with SCECGE resin cured with PACM. The Tg of the material was increased from 52 to 69 °C as obtained via a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) while the tensile modulus of the material increased from 0.88 to 1.24 GPa as a result of terminal double bond epoxidation. In addition to highlighting the effects of dangling side groups in an epoxy network, this modest increase in Tg and modulus could be sufficient to significantly expand the potential uses of amine-cured cardanol-based epoxies for fiber reinforced composite applications.

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Han, Hongwei, Gongwen Gao, Yu Li, Dongxu Hou, and Yudong Han. "Effect of PVA Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Seawater Coral Sand Engineered Cementitious Composites." Materials 17, no. 6 (March 21, 2024): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17061446.

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The physical and mechanical characteristics of seawater coral sand engineered cementitious composites (SCECC) were examined through uniaxial compression, three-point bending, and splitting tensile tests. The mechanical properties were scrutinized under varying fiber volume fraction conditions (V = 0%, 0.575%, 1.150%, 1.725%, and 2.300%). The experimental results indicated that the compressive strength, three-point bending strength, and split tensile strength of SCECC tended to increase with the rise in fiber volume fraction. The strengths attained their maximum values of 45.88, 12.56, and 3.03 MPa when the fiber volume fraction reached 2.300%. In the compression test, the compressive strength of the 7-day specimen can achieve more than 78.50% of that observed in the 28-day specimen. Three-point bending test has revealed that SCECC exhibits favorable strain-hardening and multi-crack cracking characteristics. Fracture patterns of SCECC exhibited variations corresponding to changes in fiber content, as illustrated by their load–deformation curves, the addition of PVA fibers can change the damage mode of cementitious composites from brittle to ductile. The fracture energy of SCECC further attests to its elevated toughness. This is due to the fact that the fibers delay the formation of microcracks and prevent crack expansion, thus significantly increasing the deformability of the material. By verifying its strength, deformability, fracture energy, and other key performance indicators, the feasibility of SCECC in coastal construction projects has been clarified. The successful development of SCECC provides an innovative and high-performance option for the construction of future island projects.

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Kinaci, Emre, Erde Can, John Scala, and Giuseppe Palmese. "Influence of Epoxidized Cardanol Functionality and Reactivity on Network Formation and Properties." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 29, 2020): 1956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091956.

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Cardanol is a renewable resource based on cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), which consists of a phenol ring with a C15 long aliphatic side chain in the meta position with varying degrees of unsaturation. Cardanol glycidyl ether was chemically modified to form side-chain epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (SCECGE) with an average epoxy functionality of 2.45 per molecule and was cured with petroleum-based epoxy hardeners, 4-4′-methylenebis(cyclohexanamine) and diethylenetriamine, and a cardanol-based amine hardener. For comparison, cardanol-based diphenol diepoxy resin, NC514 (Cardolite), and a petroleum-based epoxy resin, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) were also evaluated. Chemical and thermomechanical analyses showed that for SCECGE resins, incomplete cure of the secondary epoxides led to reduced cross-link density, reduced thermal stability, and reduced elongation at break when compared with difunctional resins containing only primary epoxides. However, because of functionality greater than two, amine-cured SCECGE produced a Tg very similar to that of NC514 and thus could be useful in formulating epoxy with renewable cardanol content.

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4

Ullah, Sana, and Adiqa Kausar Kiani. "Maqasid-al-Shariah-based socio-economic development index (SCECDI): The case of some selected Islamic economies." Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v5i3.8829.

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The main objective of this study is to develop a socio-economic development index (SCECDI), which is composed of social development index (SCDI) and economic development index (ECDI). For the analysis, we have included 14 Islamic countries which are Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Kuwait, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and U.A.E for the years 2010 and 2015.Pakistan’s spending on education and health is quite low during last five years on average, while value added agriculture is the highest among all Muslim countries. Meanwhile, spending on health and education in Saudi Arabia is quite high, besides having quite high export value added and capital formation. These are required for better economic development. Highest educational profile is observed in Malaysia, while the employment rate is highest in Kuwait among all. We have diversified the summary profile for all countries of the variables included for the analysis in the study. Expected outcome is that those Islamic economies which have better economic conditions, will have more than 0.50 values for SCECDI, while others may have the value in between 0-0.50. We also demonstrate the importance of SCECDI focusing the dynamic characteristics of all Islamic countries included in the study.

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5

Kelly, Ruth A., Kristin M. Perkumas, Matthew Campbell, G. Jane Farrar, W. Daniel Stamer, Pete Humphries, Jeffrey O’Callaghan, and Colm J. O’Brien. "Fibrotic Changes to Schlemm’s Canal Endothelial Cells in Glaucoma." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (August 31, 2021): 9446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179446.

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Previous studies have shown that glaucomatous Schlemm’s canal endothelial cells (gSCECs) are stiffer and associated with reduced porosity and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) material compared to SCECs from healthy individuals. We hypothesised that Schlemm’s canal (SC) cell stiffening was a function of fibrotic changes occurring at the inner wall of SC in glaucoma. This study was performed in primary cell cultures isolated from the SC lumen of human donor eyes. RNA and protein quantification of both fibrotic and endothelial cell markers was carried out on both healthy and gSCECs. Functional assays to assess cell density, size, migration, proliferation, and mitochondrial function of these cells were also carried out. Indeed, we found that gSCECs deviate from typical endothelial cell characteristics and exhibit a more fibrotic phenotype. For example, gSCECs expressed significantly higher protein levels of the fibrotic markers α-SMA, collagen I-α1, and fibronectin, as well as significantly increased protein expression of TGFβ-2, the main driver of fibrosis, compared to healthy SCECs. Interestingly, we observed a significant increase in protein expression of endothelial marker VE-cadherin in gSCECs, compared to healthy SCECs. gSCECs also appeared to be significantly larger, and surprisingly proliferate and migrate at a significantly higher rate, as well as showing significantly reduced mitochondrial activity, compared to healthy SCECs.

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6

Borovik, Sergey, Marina Kuteynikova, and Yuriy Sekisov. "Reducing the Impact of Influence Factors on the Measurement Results from Single-Coil Eddy Current Sensors." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010351.

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Single-coil eddy current sensors (SCECS) form a separate and independent branch among the existing eddy current probes. Such sensors are often used for aviation and aerospace applications where the conditions accompanying the measuring process are harsh and even extreme. High temperatures (up to +600 °C in the compressor and over +1000 °C in the turbine of gas turbine engines), the complex shape surfaces of the monitored parts, the multidimensional movement of the power plants’ structural elements, restrictions on the probes number and their placement in the measuring zone are the main factors affecting the reliability and accuracy of the measurement results obtained by the sensors. The article provides an overview of the relevant approaches and methods for reducing the impact of influence factors on the measurement results from SCECS based on the extensive experience of more than 30 years of research and development being carried out in the Institute for the Control of Complex Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences. The scope of the solutions discussed in the article is not limited to SCECS measurement systems only but can also be extended to the systems with primary transducers of other designs or other physical principles.

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7

Agyabeng-Mensah, Yaw, Esther Ahenkorah, Ebenezer Afum, Adu Nana Agyemang, Carin Agnikpe, and Foday Rogers. "Examining the influence of internal green supply chain practices, green human resource management and supply chain environmental cooperation on firm performance." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 25, no. 5 (April 22, 2020): 585–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-11-2019-0405.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the direct impact of internal green supply chain practices (IGSCP) on green human resource management (GHRM), supply chain environmental cooperation (SCEC) and firm performance (FP). The mediating influences of GHRM and SCEC on the influence of IGSCP on FP are also examined. The study further examines the mediating influence of SCEC on the link between GHRM and FP. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a quantitative method where data is gathered from human resource and supply chain managers of 139 manufacturing firms (food, beverage and alcohol, textiles, agrochemical and plastics), using customized questionnaires. The data is analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modeling software (SmartPLS 3.2.8). Findings The results suggest that the adoption of only IGSCP may negatively affect the market and financial performances of firms. However, the implementation of GHRM and SCEC may catalyze IGSCP to improve FP. Originality/value The study develops a comprehensive empirical model that tests the joint influence of internal green supply chain, GHRM and SCEC on FP. The findings indicate that IGSCP, GHRM and SCEC help firms to advance FP.

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8

Matos, Ana Mafalda, and Humberto Varum. "Self-Compacting Earth-Based Composites: Mixture Design and Multi-Performance Characterisation." Buildings 12, no. 5 (May 6, 2022): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12050612.

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A new generation of self-compacting earth-based composites (SCEC) for vertical elements with fully exposed earth, in which the main feature is the elimination of compaction, is proposed in the current work. The first objective was to develop earth-based mixture compositions with locally available raw materials and achieve self-compactability. A Portuguese soil, typically employed in rammed earth construction, was stabilised using cementitious materials and a superplasticiser to ensure flowability. The mixture design studies allowed to achieve flowable fresh composites. Results on the hardened state showed that SCEC presents high compressive strengths (5–14 MPa). The electrical resistivity SCEC increased with time and achieved at least 5600 Ωm at 28 days, while mass loss stabilised after 14 days in a controlled environment room. Additional tests were performed on selected optimal SCEC mixtures: drying shrinkage and water capillary absorption, with promising results. Overall, this work provided initial boundaries for the mixture design and assessment of SCEC and opened the door for further studies on new and novel earth materials construction techniques.

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9

Liu, Di, Xinyan Xu, Junmiao Wen, Liyi Xie, Junhua Zhang, Yuxin Shen, Guoliang Jiang, Jiayan Chen, and Min Fan. "Integrated Genome-Wide Analysis of Gene Expression and DNA Copy Number Variations Highlights Stem Cell-Related Pathways in Small Cell Esophageal Carcinoma." Stem Cells International 2018 (August 30, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3481783.

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Purpose/Objectives. Primary small cell esophageal carcinoma (SCEC) represents a rare and aggressive malignancy without any prospective clinical trial or established treatment strategy at present. Although previous studies have indicated similarities between SCEC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in terms of their clinical manifestations, pathology, and morphology, very little genetic information is available on this highly malignant tumor. At present, patients with SCEC are staged and treated according to the guidelines established for SCLC. However, early recurrence and distant metastasis are common, and long-time survivors are rare. Current options available for patients with relapsed SCEC are fairly unsatisfactory, and their prognosis is generally poor. Novel therapeutic approaches against SCEC are therefore urgently needed and require a deeper understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms. The current investigation aims to characterize the gene expression profile and copy number variations (CNVs) in SCEC to clarify molecular markers and pathways that may possess clinical significance. Materials/Methods. De novo expression array was carried out on three matched sets of primary SCEC and adjacent normal tissue samples procured from the institutional tissue bank, utilizing the Affymetrix HG U133 Plus 2.0 Array. After individual tissue normalization, the statistical software GeneSpring GX 12.5 was used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tumors relative to their paired normal tissues. Gene enrichments in addition to functional annotation and gene interaction networks were performed using DAVID 6.8 and STRING 10.0, respectively. A gene alteration was determined to be recurrent if it was observed in at least 2 samples. Chromosomes X and Y were not included in calculations as gender differences are a known source of analysis bias. The DEGs of at least one SCEC sample could be mapped to the CNV regions (fold change (FC) ≥ 2 and false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01) after gene expression profiling by RefSeq Transcript ID. These overlapped genes were subjected to the functional annotation using DAVID 6.8. In order to elucidate the effect of CNV on mRNA expression, we integrated the genome-wide copy number data and gene expression in 3 paired samples. CNV-associated gene expression aberration (CNV-FC) was calculated for the recurrent DEGs using previously published integrated microarray data as reference. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was employed to determine if there was a statistical correlation between the gene expression log2 ratios and their copy numbers using the SPSS 19.0 software. Genes that possessed CNV-FC ≥ 2 and r≥0.6 (p<0.05) were determined to be genes potentially associated with cancer. Results. High-quality DNA and total RNA were first extracted from both SCEC and normal tissues. Microarray data showed significant upregulation in WNT gene sets and downregulation in the PTEN and notch gene sets in SCEC. Functional annotation showed that genes associated with DNA replication, mitosis, cell cycle, DNA repair, telomere maintenance, RB, and p53 pathways were significantly altered in SCEC compared to corresponding noncancerous tissues (Benjamini p<0.05). Thirteen recurrent CNVs were found in all SCEC samples by array CGH. Chromosomal regions with gain were located in 14q11.2, and regions with loss were located in 4q22.3-23.3, 3q25.31-q29, 5p15.31-15.2, 8q21.11-24.3, and 9p23-13.1 in all samples. In two samples, the 14q11.2-32.33 region was amplified, whereas 3p26.3-25.3, 4p16.3-11, 4q11-22.3, 4q23-25, 8p23.3, and 16p13.3 were deleted. We further identified 306 genes that consistently differed in copy number and expression (194 upregulated and 112 downregulated) between the SCEC and noncancerous tissues in all three samples. These genes were significantly enriched with those involved in cell cycle, mitosis, DNA repair, P53 pathway, and RB pathway, according to their functional annotation. These 306 DEGs also included network genes of the above pathways such as NUF2, CCNE2, NFIB, ETV5, KLF5, ATAD2, NDC80, and ZWINT. In addition, 39 individual DEGs demonstrated a minimum 2-fold copy number-associated expression change (median: 5.35, 95% CI: 4.53–16.98) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient ≥ 0.6 (p<0.05), of which PTP4A3 showed the highest correlation (CNV-FC = 21362.13; Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.9983; p=0.037). Two distinct groups of genes belonging to each SCEC and nonmalignant tissues were observed upon unsupervised two-way (genes and samples) hierarchical clustering. Conclusions. The current investigation is the first to produce data regarding the genomic signature of SCEC at the transcription level and in relation to CNVs. Our preliminary data indicate possible key roles of WNT and notch signaling in SCEC and overexpressed PTP4A3 as a potential therapeutic target. Further validation of our findings is warranted.

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10

Havelikova, Katerina, Barbora Smejkalova, and Pavla Jendelova. "Neurogenesis as a Tool for Spinal Cord Injury." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 28, 2022): 3728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073728.

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Spinal cord injury is a devastating medical condition with no effective treatment. One approach to SCI treatment may be provided by stem cells (SCs). Studies have mainly focused on the transplantation of exogenous SCs, but the induction of endogenous SCs has also been considered as an alternative. While the differentiation potential of neural stem cells in the brain neurogenic regions has been known for decades, there are ongoing debates regarding the multipotent differentiation potential of the ependymal cells of the central canal in the spinal cord (SCECs). Following spinal cord insult, SCECs start to proliferate and differentiate mostly into astrocytes and partly into oligodendrocytes, but not into neurons. However, there are several approaches concerning how to increase neurogenesis in the injured spinal cord, which are discussed in this review. The potential treatment approaches include drug administration, the reduction of neuroinflammation, neuromodulation with physical factors and in vivo reprogramming.

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11

Widiyowati, Iis Intan, Mukhamad Nurhadi, Muhammad Hatami, and Lai Sin Yuan. "Effective TiO2-Sulfonated Carbon-derived from Eichhornia crassipes in The Removal of Methylene Blue and Congo Red Dyes from Aqueous Solution." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 476–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.2.6997.476-489.

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The study of TiO2-sulfonated carbon-derived from Eichhornia crassipes (TiO2/SCEC), as an effective adsorbent to remove Methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) dyes from aqueous solution, has been conducted. The preparation steps of TiO2/SCEC adsorbent involved the carbonisation of E. crassipes powder at 600 °C for 1 h, followed by sulfonation of carbon for 3 h and impregnation through titanium(IV) isopropoxide (500 µmol). The physical properties of the adsorbents were characterized by using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy with Energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption studies. The dye removal study using TiO2/SCEC adsorbent was carried out by varying of contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH, particles size of adsorbent and temperature. The kinetics models were determined by the effects of contact time and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG), which were calculated by the effects of temperature. The results showed that the maximum dye removal capacity of TiO2/SCEC were 18.8 mg.g-1 for MB and 36.5 mg.g-1 for CR. The removal of MB and CR dyes using TiO2/SCEC adsorbent performed a pseudo-second order kinetic models with spontaneity. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

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12

Belosludtsev, Viktor, Sergey Borovik, Valeriy Danilchenko, and Yuriy Sekisov. "Wear Diagnostics of the Thrust Bearing of NK-33 Turbo-Pump Unit on the Basis of Single-Coil Eddy Current Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 10 (May 16, 2021): 3463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103463.

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The problem of early wear diagnostics of the combined journal-and-thrust bearing of the turbo-pump unit (TPU) of the liquid-propellant rocket engine NK-33 is considered. A feature of the problem is the significant restriction on modifications of the power plant’s design. The original solution based on replacing the standard induction sensors of the turbo-pump rotational speed currently used in TPU by single-coil eddy current sensors (SCECS) with sensitive elements in the form of a segment of a linear conductor is proposed. The SCECS provide the monitoring of the axial displacement of the shaft in the thrust bearing, which characterizes the state of the unit and increases with the bearing wear. The function of the TPU shaft’s rotational speed measuring also remains. The article describes the proposed approach as well as a laboratory prototype of the system for early detection of the TPU thrust bearing’s wear. The results of the prototype research that confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach are analyzed.

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13

Jereczek-Fossa, Barbara, Mario Airoldi, Ezio Vasario, Maria Grazia Ruo Redda, Guido Valente, and Roberto Orecchia. "Small Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Tumori Journal 86, no. 2 (March 2000): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160008600214.

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We present a case of small cell esophageal carcinoma (SCEC) treated with alternated chemotherapy (including cisplatin, etoposide, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin) and irradiation (36 Gy) followed by surgery. Despite a pathological complete response, the patient died of regional disease recurrence 29 months after the diagnosis. We reviewed the available literature on SCEC with regard to the incidence, clinical symptoms, radiological signs, diagnostic workup, therapeutic modalities and prognosis of this malignancy.

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14

Jannadi, Osama Ahmed, Sadi Assaf, Hamza M. Maghraby, and Hamed A. Al-Saggaf. "Service Quality Gaps Analysis at SCECO-East, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Energy Engineering 126, no. 3 (December 2000): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9402(2000)126:3(116).

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15

Al‐Saggaf, Hamed A. "Application of TQM at SCECO‐EAST: a case study." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 3, no. 1 (March 1997): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552519710161535.

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16

Cicalo, André. "Campos do pós-abolição: identidades laborais e experiência "negra" entre os trabalhadores do café no Rio de Janeiro (1931-1964)." Revista Brasileira de História 35, no. 69 (June 2015): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93472015v35n69006.

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Este artigo explora se e como sinais de uma experiência afro-brasileira vieram à tona durante a existência do SCEC, um sindicato de carregadores e ensacadores de café que prosperou no porto do Rio de Janeiro entre 1931 e 1964 Apesar da forte presença de trabalhadores afrodescendentes no SCEC, o legado negro estava em grande parte ausente do discurso oficial do sindicato, que, em vez disso, colocava a ênfase na classe, no nacionalismo e em outros valores não relacionados à cor. Esse fato não está completamente desconectado do contexto sociopolítico do Brasil naquela época, dominado pelo sistema do trabalhismo e pela ideologia da democracia racial. No entanto, saliento que marcadores de um "campo negro" não eram completamente estranhos ao SCEC. Eles ainda sobrevivem nas memórias dos ensacadores e estão refletidos nos padrões raciais que tradicionalmente caracterizaram o cais do porto do Rio de Janeiro.

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17

AL-OHALY, A., Z. EL-RAZAZ, and S. AL-SOHAIBANI. "Excitation Parameters for Stable Operation of SCECO-Central Power System." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (1996): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/eng.8-1.10.

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18

McManus, Gary, Thomas W. Schmidlin, and Christopher A. Fiebrich. "A New Minimum Temperature Record for Oklahoma." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 94, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 469–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-11-00169.1.

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A minimum temperature of −31°F (−35°C) was recorded at Nowata, Oklahoma, on 10 February 2011. This exceeded the previous record minimum temperature for Oklahoma of −27°F (−32.8°C). The Nowata station is in the Oklahoma Mesonet network. High pressure was centered over Oklahoma on the morning of the record with clear skies, calm winds, and a fresh snow cover of 38 cm at Nowata. A State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC) examined the record, including the siting of the station, calibration of the thermometer, and depth of snow. The SCEC voted unanimously to approve the reading as the new lowest minimum temperature record for Oklahoma.

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19

Abdelaziem, Walaa, Atef Hamada, and Mohsen Abdel-Naeim Hassan. "Effect of the Cyclic Extrusion and Compression Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-1%Cu Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 780 (September 2018): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.780.93.

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The Simple Cyclic extrusion compression (SCEC) has been developed for producing Al-1%Cu alloys with fine microstructures and superior properties. SCEC method was applied for only two-passess.It was found that the grain structure was significantly reduced from 1500 μm to 100 μm after two passes of cyclic extrusion. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of as-cast alloy were 110 MPa and 12 %, respectively. However, the corresponding mechanical properties of the two pass CEC deformed alloy are 275 MPa and 35%, respectively. These findings ensure that a significant improvement in the grain structure has been achieved. In addition, cyclic extrusion deformation increased the surface hardness of the alloy by 50 % after two passes.

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20

Steidl, J. H. "The SCEC Phase III Strong-Motion Database." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 90, no. 6B (December 1, 2000): S113—S135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000511.

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21

Lohman, R. B., and J. R. Murray. "The SCEC Geodetic Transient-Detection Validation Exercise." Seismological Research Letters 84, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220130041.

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22

IBRAHIM, EMAD. "Experimental Measurements of Fault Level For Sceco West, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Engineering Sciences 15, no. 1 (2004): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/eng.15-1.6.

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23

Sutikno, Sofia Ariyani, and Moh Heri Nurfiyanto. "PERANCANGAN PROTOTIPE PENGENDALI KECEPATAN PADA SEPEDA MOTOR DENGAN SCECS MELALUI APLIKASI BLYNK." TESLA: Jurnal Teknik Elektro 26, no. 1 (April 2, 2024): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/tesla.v26i1.29488.

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Motorcycle safety is a requirement that must be met when driving. With the increasing number of motorbike users as the main means of transportation in many countries, especially in developing countries and high population density areas. The use of motorbikes as a means of daily transportation has basic reasons that make them very popular, including being more cost efficient and affordable in terms of purchase price, operational costs, fuel consumption and maintenance. Another reason why many motorbikes are used is the ease of maneuvering and avoiding traffic jams, where motorbikes are more agile and can easily pass through traffic jams, making them an effective solution for moving around cities with high levels of congestion. Apart from its convenience, the use of motorbikes also has a negative impact if the rider lacks an understanding of safe driving techniques and traffic rules, especially parents who let their children ride motorbikes at a young age, is a big concern for society because of the potential increasing accidents. One potential for accidents is due to driving exceeding the speed limit. This contributes significantly to the severity of injuries in motorcycle accidents. Based on this, this research proposes a prototype smart card system to limit motorbike speed automatically using a microcontroller that monitors changes in the gas handle to control speed. The system also has a monitoring feature that allows supervision. The test results show an average error rate of 3.5% for the speed linearity test and 1.9% for the Limit Speed Machine test of the total data tested Abstrak Keselamatan berkendara sepeda motor adalah persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi dalam berkendara. Dengan meningkatnya jumlah pengguna sepeda motor sebagai sarana transportasi utama di banyak negara, terutama di negara-negara berkembang dan wilayah kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Penggunaan sepeda motor sebagai alat transportasi sehari-hari memiliki alasan mendasar yang membuatnya sangat populer diantaranya lebih efisien biaya dan terjangkau dari segi harga pembelian, biaya operasional, konsumsi bahan bakar, maupun pemeliharaan. Alasan lain banyak penggunaan sepeda motor adalah kemudahan manuver dan menghindari kemacetan, dimana sepeda motor lebih lincah dan dapat dengan mudah melewati kemacetan lalu lintas, membuatnya menjadi solusi efektif untuk bergerak di kota-kota dengan tingkat kemacetan tinggi. Selain memiliki kemudahan, penggunaan sepeda motor juga memiliki dampak negatif jika pengendara kurang memiliki pemahaman tentang teknik berkendara dan tata tertib lalu lintas yang aman, terutama orang tua yang membiarkan anak-anak mereka mengendarai sepeda motor pada usia muda, menjadi keprihatinan besar bagi masyarakat karena potensi kecelakaan yang meningkat. Salah satu potensi terjadinya kecelakaan adalah karena berkendara yang melebihi batas kecepatan. Hal ini berkontribusi yang signifikan terhadap tingkat keparahan cedera dalam kecelakaan sepeda motor. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Penelitian ini mengusulkan prototipe sistem smart card untuk membatasi kecepatan sepeda motor secara otomatis menggunakan mikrokontroler yang memantau perubahan handle gas untuk mengontrol kecepatan. Sistem ini juga memiliki fitur pemantauan yang memungkinkan pengawasan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan tingkat kesalahan rata-rata sebesar 3.5% untuk pengujian linieritas kecepatan dan 1.9% untuk pengujian Limit Speed Machine dari total data yang diuji

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Meng, Chunfang, and Bradford Hager. "A Crosslink Constraint Method for Modeling Episodic Dynamic Rupture on Intersecting Faults." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 2A (February 12, 2020): 1030–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190234.

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Abstract We present a crosslink constraint method for numerically modeling dynamic slip on intersecting faults, without prescribing slip (dis-)continuation directions. The fault intersections are constrained by crosslinked split nodes, such that the slip can only be continuous on one of the two intersecting faults at a time and location. The method resolves the episodic intersection offset by examining the dynamic fault traction resulting from two sets of constraint equations, one for each slip direction. To verify this method, we modify two benchmark problems, hosted at Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), by allowing a branching fault to step across a main fault. The modified SCEC problem results agree with our expectations that the intersection offset scenarios are dictated by the nucleation patch location and initial fault traction. This new method comes with an open-source finite-element code Defmod.

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Alsaif, Talal. "A path analysis on the strategic determinants of the average revenue per user in the Saudi telecom sector." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.94.9991.

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This study compared a restructured hierarchical regression using structural equation modeling (SEM) with a path analysis SEM Regression using The Rules of Casual Order. The dataset originated from Jones & Alshammari (2017) which studied the Value-Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) determinants and capital expenditures (CAPEX) effects on the average revenue per user (ARPU). The comparisons showed CLE and CEEcap explained 61% of ARPU. For every 1 unit of change in CLE and CEEcap combined, produces 2 units of change in ARPU. The results on HCEcap and SCEcap were inconsistent, regression weights were insignificant at the p ≤ .001 level, and both determinants did not correlate with Revenue. This study showed that causation can be established prior to any multivariate or SEM statistical procedures. The rules of casual order are an effective way of designing a model based on reality and show the true effects among observed variables.

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Martínez, Jenny, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Kenneth Lucas, and Natalie E. Leland. "Operationalizing Stakeholder Engagement Through the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC)." Journal of General Internal Medicine 37, S1 (March 29, 2022): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-021-07029-4.

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AbstractThere is a need for clear strategies and procedures to operationalize stakeholder engagement in research studies. Clear guidelines that promote shared leadership among study investigators and research stakeholders are important for inclusive and sustainable partnerships. Such guidelines may take the form of a governance charter and can be a means for encouraging the participation and inclusion of stakeholders who may have little to no experience with research or are otherwise underrepresented in research. This perspective article presents the Stakeholder-Centric Engagement Charter (SCEC), one effort to operationalize a stakeholder engagement approach between researchers and an advisory committee as guided by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute’s (PCORI) Research Engagement Principles (i.e., reciprocal relationships, partnerships, co-learning, transparency-honesty-trust). Building on the SCEC can help future investigators develop a study-specific, dynamic, governance document outlining advisory committee and research team preferences in areas such as role expectations, study governance, and decision-making procedures.

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Stanley, M., S. E. Day, D. A. Dunmur, and M. Grayson. "Comparison of modelling and experimental values of non-linear optical coefficients of SCE13(*)." Ferroelectrics 179, no. 1 (April 1996): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150199608007892.

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Maechling, P., V. Gupta, N. Gupta, E. H. Field, D. Okaya, and T. H. Jordan. "GRID COMPUTING IN THE SCEC COMMUNITY MODELING ENVIRONMENT." Seismological Research Letters 76, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.76.5.581-a.

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Maechling, P. J., F. Silva, S. Callaghan, and T. H. Jordan. "SCEC Broadband Platform: System Architecture and Software Implementation." Seismological Research Letters 86, no. 1 (December 17, 2014): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220140125.

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Small, Patrick, David Gill, Philip J. Maechling, Ricardo Taborda, Scott Callaghan, Thomas H. Jordan, Kim B. Olsen, Geoffrey P. Ely, and Christine Goulet. "The SCEC Unified Community Velocity Model Software Framework." Seismological Research Letters 88, no. 6 (September 6, 2017): 1539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220170082.

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31

Alfayez, Mohammad, Alexander McDonald, and Vivienne MacLaren. "Primary small cell of esophageal carcinoma (SCEC): Experience of Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2014): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.38.

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38 Background: Primary Small Cell of Esophageal Carcinoma (SCEC) is an aggressive tumor with no established treatment guidelines. A treatment strategy was adopted based on small cell carcinoma of the lung, as many clinicopathological features are shared. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from fourteen patients who were treated for small cell of esophageal carcinoma at Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Center between 2005 and 2012. All patients were required to have a histological diagnosis of small cell carcinoma. Data were collected retrospectively by case note review and electronic record on demographic details, performance status (PS), comorbidity, treatment, and response to treatment. Results: The data suggest the median age for SCEC diagnosis is 71 years old. Diagnoses in males predominate (64%). The tumors were mainly located in the lower third of the esophagus (71%). The majority of patients with SCEC were in the limited Disease (LD) at the time of diagnosis (71%). About 50% of the patients received chemotherapy alone and 28% received consolidation radiotherapy. Three patients (21%) only received concomitant chemoradiation. None of the patients have Primary Cranial Irradiation (PCI). The overall survival of patients with limited Disease (LD) vs. Extensive Disease (ES) was 22.2 vs. 4.6 months (P=0.013). None of the patients reviewed developed brain metastasis. Conclusions: There is trend in the data that the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy improves local control. Radiotherapy alone is probably inadequate if used alone. It should be combined with adjuvant or neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. Palliative chemotherapy for patients presenting with extensive disease prolonged survival. PCI should not be a standard treatment for these patients. The data presented are the second largest series from the western world. These data will help establish further guidelines for treatment of the small cell of esophageal carcinoma.

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Corsano, Barbara, Dario Sacchini, and Antonio Gioacchino Spagnolo. "Il Documento Condiviso di Orientamento Etico Assistenziale nella Consulenza di Etica Clinica." Medicina e Morale 70, no. 3 (November 8, 2021): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2021.941.

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L’articolo presenta il Documento Condiviso di Orientamento Etico Assistenziale, quale strumento di supporto decisionale – utilizzato dal Servizio di Consulenza di Etica Clinica (SCEC) della Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS (FPG) di Roma – in grado di rispondere alle esigenze della relazione clinica medico-paziente/famiglia da un lato e all’appropriato rispetto dell’autonomia dei soggetti coinvolti dall’altro. Dopo aver richiamato i concetti ispiratori di advance care planning e shared decision-making, l’articolo prende in esame le caratteristiche peculiari del Documento Condiviso, in particolare l’analisi del contesto, la metodologia relazionale, la personalizzazione del caso, la valutazione interdisciplinare, l’impatto sul paziente e la famiglia, il tempo di elaborazione, i benefici ad esso connessi. In ultimo, l’articolo si sofferma a presentare la casistica relativa all’elaborazione di questa forma peculiare di consulenza di Etica clinica da parte del SCEC-FPG. A tal fine, attraverso un’indagine retrospettiva, sono stati presi in esame i Documenti Condivisi elaborati dall’inizio dell’attività del Servizio, dal 1992 ad oggi, mettendoli in relazione con il numero delle consulenze complessive richieste ed effettuate, oltre che individuando le aree cliniche per le quali sono stati elaborati.

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Harris, R. A., M. Barall, R. Archuleta, E. Dunham, B. Aagaard, J. P. Ampuero, H. Bhat, et al. "The SCEC/USGS Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Code Verification Exercise." Seismological Research Letters 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.1.119.

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34

Teng, Ganyu, and Jack Baker. "Evaluation of SCEC CyberShake Ground Motions for Engineering Practice." Earthquake Spectra 35, no. 3 (August 2019): 1311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/100918eqs230m.

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This paper evaluates CyberShake (version 15.12) ground motions for potential application to high-rise building design in the Los Angeles region by comparing them against recordings from past earthquakes as well as empirical models. We consider two selected sites in the Los Angeles region with different underlying soil conditions and select comparable suites of ground motion records from CyberShake and the NGA-West2 database according to the ASCE 7-16 requirements. Major observations include (1) selected ground motions from CyberShake and NGA-West2 share similar features, in terms of response spectra and polarization; (2) when selecting records from Cyber-Shake, it is easy to select motions with sources that match the hazard deaggregation; (3) CyberShake durations on soil are consistent with the empirical models considered, whereas durations on rock are slightly shorter; (4) occasional excessive polarization in ground motion is produced by San Andreas fault ruptures, though those records are usually excluded after the ground motion selection. Results from this study suggest that CyberShake ground motions are a suitable and promising source of ground motions for engineering evaluations.

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Elrazaz, Z. "Investigation of Power System Stabilizers and Inductive Compensation Application to the Saudi Sceco Power System." Electric Machines & Power Systems 14, no. 6 (January 1988): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07313568808909305.

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36

Abdelaziem, Walaa, Atef Hamada, and Mohsen A. Hassan. "Severe plastic deformation of Al-1%Cu Alloy processed by a Simple Cyclic Extrusion Compression technique." International Journal of Computational Physics Series 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29167/a1i1p77-90.

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Severe plastic deformation is an effective method for improving the mechanical properties of metallic alloys through promoting the grain structure. In the present work, simple cyclic extrusion compression technique (SCEC) has been developed for producing a fine structure of cast Al-1 wt. % Cu alloy and consequently enhancing the mechanical properties of the studied alloy. It was found that the grain structure was significantly reduced from 1500 µm to 100 µm after two passes of cyclic extrusion. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of the as-cast alloy were 110 MPa and 12 %, respectively. However, the corresponding mechanical properties of the two pass CEC deformed alloy are 275 MPa and 35%, respectively. These findings ensure that a significant improvement in the grain structure has been achieved. Also, cyclic extrusion deformation increased the surface hardness of the alloy by 49 % after two passes. FE-simulation model was adopted to simulate the deformation behavior of the material during the cyclic extrusion process using DEFORMTM-3D Ver11.0. The FE-results revealed that SCEC technique was able to impose severe plastic strains with the number of passes. The model was able to predict the damage, punch load, back pressure, and deformation behavior.

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Shi, Chengyong, Yuanyuan Wang, Chenyang Liu, Taisheng Wang, Hongxin Zhang, Wuxia Liao, Zhijun Xu, and Weixing Yu. "SCECam: a spherical compound eye camera for fast location and recognition of objects at a large field of view." Optics Express 25, no. 26 (December 12, 2017): 32333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.032333.

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38

Ding, Guo-ping, Li-ping Cao, Da-ren Liu, and Ri-sheng Que. "Saline conducted electric coagulation (SCEC): original experience in experimental hepatectomy." Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 13, no. 3 (March 2012): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b1100096.

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39

Kohandelnia, Mojtaba, Masoud Hosseinpoor, Ammar Yahia, and Rafik Belarbi. "Hygrothermal and microstructural characterization of self-consolidating earth concrete (SCEC)." Journal of Building Engineering 69 (June 2023): 106287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106287.

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40

Zhu, Shichao, Ye Yuan, Yue Wu, and Ying Zhang. "Cloud Vertical Structure of Stratiform Clouds with Embedded Convections Occurring in the Mei-Yu Front." Atmosphere 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2022): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071088.

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Cloud Vertical Structure (CVS) plays a crucial role in determining atmospheric circulation and the hydrological cycle. We analyzed the CVS in Stratiform Clouds with Embedded Convection (SCEC) occurring in the mei-yu front over central-eastern China based on the conjunction of the S-band Doppler weather radar, the C-band Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (C-FMCW) rad ar, and the Microrain Radar (MRR). Our results showed that both the melting layers and the rain rate were unevenly distributed in the three SCEC cases, and there was a thicker melting layer and a larger rain rate in the embedded convection. In the stratiform regions, the vertical velocity of particles in the upper region of the melting layer was generally in the range of 0–4 m·s−1, and increased rapidly to 4–12 m·s−1 near the bottom of the melting layer. In the case of June 28, due to the vigorous development of embedded convection, the cloud particles in the upper layer showed upward movement, and the growth rate of the particles in this region was faster than that in the surrounding stratiform regions. The vertical distributions of Drop Spectrum Distributions (DSDs) showed that the average concentration of drops larger than 3 mm increased as they fell from 3 km to 1 km, and the collision–coalescence process of drops in the embedded convection was stronger.

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Benthien, M. L., and J. H. Andrews. "Development and Implementation of the SCEC Communication, Education, and Outreach Program." Seismological Research Letters 74, no. 5 (September 1, 2003): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.74.5.511.

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42

Afshari, Kioumars, and Jonathan P. Stewart. "Validation of Duration Parameters from SCEC Broadband Platform Simulated Ground Motions." Seismological Research Letters 87, no. 6 (September 14, 2016): 1355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220160086.

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43

Di, L., S. Yu-xin, Z. Jing, X. Li-yi, Z. Wei-xin, F. Xiao-long, J. Guo-liang, and F. Min. "Shall We Treat Small Cell Esophageal Carcinoma (SCEC) Like Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)?: Comparison of the Expression Profiles of SCEC, SCLC, and Esophageal Carcinoma (EC)." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 90, no. 1 (September 2014): S333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1095.

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44

di, l., S. Yu-xin, Z. Jing, X. Li-yi, Z. Wei-xin, F. Xiao-long, J. Guo-liang, and F. Min. "Shall We Treat Small Cell Esophageal Carcinoma (SCEC) Like Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)?: Comparison of the Expression Profiles of SCEC, SCLC, and Esophageal Carcinoma (EC)." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 90, no. 5 (November 2014): S75—S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.316.

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45

Niblack, T. L., Gregory L. Tylka, Prakash Arelli, Jason Bond, Brian Diers, Pat Donald, Jamal Faghihi, et al. "A Standard Greenhouse Method for Assessing Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance in Soybean: SCE08 (Standardized Cyst Evaluation 2008)." Plant Health Progress 10, no. 1 (January 2009): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2009-0513-01-rv.

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The tactic of choice for managing soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in infested fields is the use of resistant cultivars. Because expression of SCN resistance is dependent on the occurrence and frequencies of genes for virulence in SCN populations, labeling of SCN-resistant cultivars can be difficult and, occasionally, highly misleading, leading to unanticipated yield losses. The authors' objective was to offer a set of standards for assessing and labeling SCN-resistant cultivars that would allow farmers to make direct comparisons of cultivars. Accepted for publication 15 March 2009. Published 13 May 2009.

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Liew, Gerald M., Michael S. Foulk, and Susan A. Gerbi. "The ecdysone receptor (ScEcR-A) binds DNA puffs at the start of DNA amplification in Sciara coprophila." Chromosome Research 21, no. 4 (June 5, 2013): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-013-9360-1.

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47

Onwukwe, Goodluck U., M. Kristian Koski, Petri Pihko, Werner Schmitz, and Rik K. Wierenga. "Structures of yeast peroxisomal Δ3,Δ2-enoyl-CoA isomerase complexed with acyl-CoA substrate analogues: the importance of hydrogen-bond networks for the reactivity of the catalytic base and the oxyanion hole." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 71, no. 11 (October 27, 2015): 2178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s139900471501559x.

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Δ3,Δ2-Enoyl-CoA isomerases (ECIs) catalyze the shift of a double bond from 3Z- or 3E-enoyl-CoA to 2E-enoyl-CoA. ECIs are members of the crotonase superfamily. The crotonase framework is used by many enzymes to catalyze a wide range of reactions on acyl-CoA thioesters. The thioester O atom is bound in a conserved oxyanion hole. Here, the mode of binding of acyl-CoA substrate analogues to peroxisomal Saccharomyces cerevisiae ECI (ScECI2) is described. The best defined part of the bound acyl-CoA molecules is the 3′,5′-diphosphate-adenosine moiety, which interacts with residues of loop 1 and loop 2, whereas the pantetheine part is the least well defined. The catalytic base, Glu158, is hydrogen-bonded to the Asn101 side chain and is further hydrogen-bonded to the side chain of Arg100 in the apo structure. Arg100 is completely buried in the apo structure and a conformational change of the Arg100 side chain appears to be important for substrate binding and catalysis. The oxyanion hole is formed by the NH groups of Ala70 (loop 2) and Leu126 (helix 3). The O atoms of the corresponding peptide units, Gly69 O and Gly125 O, are both part of extensive hydrogen-bond networks. These hydrogen-bond networks are a conserved feature of the crotonase oxyanion hole and their importance for catalysis is discussed.

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48

Andjelkovic, Darinka, Nada Seva, Maja Savic, and Slavica Tutnjevic. "Empirically based solutions for the Serbian adaptation of a parent report inventory used in the assessment of child language development." Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 49, no. 2 (2017): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi1702147a.

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The study is aimed at providing empirical basis for the adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates? Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) for Serbian language, a parent report instrument for the language development assessment. Two sources of data were used in order to provide the basis for selection of items and evaluation of their linguistic, cultural and developmental validity: a. Serbian Corpus of Early Child Language (SCECL), and b. focus groups with experts and parents/caregivers. Exploration of the frequency of words/forms in Serbian child language and the qualitative analysis of focus groups discussions provided criteria for selection/adjustment of items in the course of inventory adaptation. The results also revealed that parents are naturally more focused on semantic and communicational aspects of utterances, and insufficiently aware of formal properties of their children?s production. The paper presents significant changes and modifications of the instrument in the course of its adaptation for Serbian, which is a step closer to the final aim - providing a standardized instrument for the assessment of language development in Serbian.

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Maechling, P., V. Gupta, N. Gupta, E. H. Field, D. Okaya, and T. H. Jordan. "SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS USING DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING IN THE SCEC COMMUNITY MODELING ENVIRONMENT." Seismological Research Letters 76, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.76.2.177.

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50

Magistrale, H. "The SCEC Southern California Reference Three-Dimensional Seismic Velocity Model Version 2." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 90, no. 6B (December 1, 2000): S65—S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120000510.

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