Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scanning imaging system'
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Yang, Yujie. "Confocal Scanning Imaging System for Surface Characterization in Additive Manufacturing System." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1576066631705912.
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Emre, Eylem. "Scanning Imaging With High Energy Photons." Master's thesis, Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1206614/index.pdf.
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Cain, James H. "Image motion compensation for an electronic imaging system /." Online version of thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8731.
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Salman, Aljebur Ali, and Yu Zholudov. "System for two photon imaging of biosamples." Thesis, Харків, ХНУРЕ, 2019. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/8366.
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The work is devoted to development of scanning imaging system for bioobjects based on two-photon fluorescence of nanoparticles. It is based on the use of nanomaterials in imagining systems and some of nonfluorescent imaging applications and labeling with fluorescent nanoparticles. The basics of two photon fluorescence, its imaging application, properties of nanoparticles and biological tissues, used for our system development were analyzed. Based on this analysis we developed the general scheme of the system for scanning imaging of bioobjects using CdTe quantum dot labels and method of two-photon fluorescence.
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Andres, Carlos Callejero. "Design and development of a mechanical millimetre wave imaging scanning system." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553082.
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This thesis describes the design of a very compact, real time, passive millimetre wave imager. The most relevant scanning techniques and designs have been explained. Two possible configurations have been studied, simulated and analysed with OSLO and also with Matlab. The design requires an array to provide real time frame rates, whose curvature has been optimized with GRASP, an antenna design program. The system has the following advantages: The imager is compact by using polarisation-rotation techniques to fold the antenna optics. The two rotating components produce a linear scan pattern with a single receiver. The system is capable of real time operation using an array. A novel method of mm-wave illumination has been developed and tested at 35 GHz. Several illumination experiments have been undertaken to increase the temperature of the object compared to its surrounding background and consequently increase the contrast. An opto-mechanical millimetre-wave imager has been used to facilitate these experiments. This prototype, called "Nasa Imager" was a second unit developed at Reading University by Alfa Imaging Ltd. under a NASA grant. This system displays images at a speed rate of 20 seconds/image, with a spatial resolution of 7.5 mrad. The Nasa imager has also been used to take images of different materials, potential threats or barriers at 35 and 94 GHz. The transmission and reflections properties of some of these materials have been measured at the University ofNavarra. Comparing the results from the mm-wave image analysis with those from the threat characterization, it is observed that there is a high correlation between the two.
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Wells, Matthew. "An expert system for the visualization of medical image data." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1993. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU053302.
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This work starts from the premise that, given the current considerable growth in medical imaging, there is a need to develop a method that allows the information thus gathered to be used to its optimum - not only as a separate data set but also within the context of other related data. From this has grown the concept of a visualization tool which aids the visual comprehension of data present in an image by using information both internal and external to it. As a result, key medical features should be identified, labelled and presented in a clear and meaningful manner. The development of the visualization tool has been achieved through the use of blackboard-based expert system. As well as providing a method for integrating the different models used, the blackboard shell has enabled all aspects of the visualization process to be centrally supervised using a powerful and flexible control mechanism that permits both goal directed and data driven behaviour within the system. The modular approach that has been applied permits the model-based processes of feature recognition to be developed as quasi-independent systems. Two feature recognition models have been developed and these are interfaced to the rest of the tool through a set of feature dependent experts that contain knowledge about how and when to use these models to their optimum. In addition, further modification to the prototype shell used has permitted the development and application of a feature sensitive search strategy. All components of the visualization tool have been tested separately and as a whole using real medical image data from a relatively low resolution source and have been proved to work. The regions and features information applied proved the viability of the overall-performance of the knowledge based feature models and allowed the results to be visually presented in a concise and original manner that provided additional information to an image without loss of the original information.
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Fares, Ali F. "Volume measurements of human upper-arm muscles using compounded ultrasound imaging system." Ohio : Ohio University, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1179510154.
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Naik, Pranab Sabitru. "Design and implementation of a fully automated real-time s-parameter imaging system." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30708758.
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Dendere, Ronald. "Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13342.
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Includes bibliographical references.Bone mineral density (BMD) is an indicator of bone strength. While femoral and spinal BMDs are traditionally used in the management of osteoporosis, BMD at peripheral sites such as the hand has been shown to be useful in evaluating fracture risk for axial sites. These peripheral locations have been suggested as alternatives to the traditional sites for BMD measurement. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for measuring BMD due to low radiation dose, high accuracy and proven ability to evaluate fracture risk. Computed digital absorptiometry (CDA) has also been shown to be very effective at measuring the bone mass in hand bones using an aluminium step wedge as a calibration reference. In this project, the aim was to develop algorithm s for accurate measurement of BMD in hand bones on a slot - scanning digital radiography system. The project assess e d the feasibility of measuring bone mineral mass in hand bones using CDA on the current system. Images for CDA - based measurement were acquired using the default settings on the system for a medium sized patient. A method for automatic processing of the hand images to detect the aluminium step wedge, included in the scan for calibration, was developed and the calibration accuracy of the step wedge was evaluated. The CDA method was used for computation of bone mass with units of equivalent aluminium thickness (mmA1). The precision of the method was determined by taking three measurements in each of 1 6 volunteering subjects and computing the root - mean - square coefficient of variation (CV) of the measurements. The utility of the method was assessed by taking measurements of excised bones and assessing the correlation between the measured bone mass and ash weight obtained by incinerating the bones. The project also assessed the feasibility of implementing a DXA technique using two detectors in a slot-scanning digital radiography system to acquire dual-energy X-ray images for measuring areal and volumetric BMD of the middle phalanx of the middle finger. The dual-energy images were captured in two consecutive scans. The first scan captured the low- energy image using the detector in its normal set-up. The second scan captured the high- energy image with the detector modified to include an additional scintillator to simulate the presence of a second detector that would capture the low-energy image in a two-detector system. Scan parameters for acquisition of the dual-energy images were chosen to optimise spectral separation, entrance dose and image quality. Simulations were carried out to evaluate the spectral separation of the low- and high-energy spectra.
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Pyles, Randall C. "A procedure to characterize electron-beam resist using a scanning electron microscope and study of process optimization of an electron beam imaging system using experimental design methods /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10912.
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Grevillot, Loïc. "Monte Carlo simulation of active scanning proton therapy system with Gate/Geant4 : Towards a better patient dose quality assurance." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735746.
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Hadron Therapy is an advanced radiotherapy technique for cancer treatment. It offers a better irradiation ballistic than conventional techniques and therefore requires appropriate quality assurance procedures. In this work, we upgraded the GEANT4-based GATE Monte Carlo platform in order to recalculate the TPS dose distributions in view of further benchmarking. In a first step, we selected an appropriate simulation environment (physics models and parameters) in order to produce accurate and efficient simulations. GATE simulations were validated using measurements and other Monte Carlo codes for depth-dose and transverse profiles. While a good agreement was found for depth-dose profiles, larger discrepancies were pointed out for transverse profiles. In a second step, we developed a modeling method to simulate active scanning beam delivery systems, which does not require to simulate the components of the treatment nozzle. The method has been successfully applied to an IBA proton therapy system and validated against measurements for complex treatment plans. Interfaces have also been developed in order to link DICOM RT ION PLAN and DICOM RT DOSE with GATE. Finally, we compared in a third step the TPS and Monte Carlo dose distributions in homogeneous and heterogeneous configurations. The beam models of both dose engines were in satisfactory agreement, allowing further evaluation of clinical treatment plans. A two-field prostate plan has been evaluated, showing a satisfactory agreement between the TPS and Monte Carlo, and demonstrating the novel capabilities of the platform for the evaluation of the TPS. To summarize, we selected an appropriate simulation environment for proton therapy, proposed a modeling method for active scanning systems and presented a method to compare the TPS and Monte Carlo dose distributions. All tools developed in GATE were or will be publicly released. A detailed validation stage of the system including absolute dosimetry is still necessary, in order to quantitatively evaluate its accuracy in various homogeneous and heterogeneous configurations. In this thesis, we have demonstrated that the GATE Monte Carlo platform is a good candidate for the simulation of active scanning delivery systems, allowing further TPS benchmarking. Moreover, the GATE platform also handles imaging applications, such as PET or prompt-gamma imaging towards online treatment monitoring and paves the way of interdisciplinary research advances.
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Drake, Devin Robert. "Applications of laser scanning and imaging systems." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000526.
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Emberson, Matthew David. "Novel scanning techniques for CCD image capture and display." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15039.
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This work details two investigations into image capture, taken from the fields of x-ray and laser research, and also details two scanning systems: a wire surface generator and a video security device. Firstly a camera system is described that can display images, digitize them and provide real time false shading. This camera is shown to have a linear intensity response and to have a maximum saturation level below the digitizing range. Some example outputs are then illustrated. The ability to irradiate CCDs with direct X-ray radiation is also investigated. A camera is developed that vertically integrates such images and is shown to give an increase in the processing speed of existing equipment and to reduce experiment times by a factor of 388. Taking this idea further, a fast one dimensional camera is developed. This camera couples laser pulses onto a CCDs via a fibre optic faceplate and a 25 mum slit. Unusual scanning techniques are used to achieve image storage within the sensor itself and a method for correcting dark current and other errors is proposed. Next a mechanism for displaying wire surface representations of intensity) images is investigated. Results obtained from real time, hidden line removing hardware are illustrated, along with improved algorithms for shaded surface generation. This is then developed into a security device protecting VDUs from radio based surveillance. This is achieved by randomizing the display order of raster lines along with a hardware solution for random sequence generation. Finally the generation of Uniformly distributed random numbers is achieved by processing readings from a digitized. Normally distributed voltage source. The effects of this processing are investigated and an analysis of the underlying theory is used to determine an optimal setting for the gain stage.
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Zhang, Peihong. "Amplitude correction for reduced axis scanning of layered materials." Access citation, abstract and download form; downloadable file 5.49 Mb, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3131705.
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Ducourthial, Guillaume. "Développement d'un endomicroscope multiphotonique compact et flexible pour l'imagerie in vivo haute résolution de tissus biologiques non marqués." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0004/document.
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La microscopie multiphotonique est un outil essentiel d’investigation en biologie cellulaire et tissulaire. Son extension à l’endoscopie est l’objet d’intenses efforts de recherche pour des applications en neurosciences (imagerie cérébrale du petit animal) ou en clinique (diagnostic précoce, aide à la biopsie). Ce manuscrit porte sur le développement d’un endomicroscope multiphotonique présentant des performances inédites. Ce dispositif est alimenté par un oscillateur titane-saphir standard. Vient ensuite un module de pré-compensation des distorsions linéaires et non linéaires se produisant dans la fibre endoscopique. Ce module permet d’obtenir des impulsions compressées de 39 fs à la sortie d’une fibre microstructurée air-silice innovante à double gaine de 5 mètres de long qui est optimisée pour l’excitation multiphotonique (cœur central de 3,4 µm à maintien de polarisation) et la collection du signal produit par les cibles biologiques. A l’extrémité de la fibre, on trouve une sonde endoscopique, de 2,2 mm de diamètre pour 37 mm de long, composée d’un micro-scanner à fibre optique et d’un micro-objectif achromatique de distance de travail supérieure à 400 µm. La résolution spatiale de l’appareil vaut 0,83 µm et l’acquisition se fait en simultané sur deux canaux spectraux à 8 images/s. L’appareil a permis l’enregistrement d’images in vivo sans marquage des tubules et de la capsule rénale, respectivement par fluorescence à deux photons des flavines et par génération de second harmonique du collagène, avec 30 mW sur les tissus et jusqu’à 300 µm sous la surface de l’organeMultiphoton microscopy is an essential investigative tool in cell and tissue biology. Its extension to endoscopy is the subject of intensive research for applications in neuroscience (brain imaging of small animals) or clinical (early diagnosis, help for biopsy). This manuscript focuses on the development of an endomicroscope with multiphoton unprecedented performance. This device is powered by a standard titanium-sapphire oscillator. Then comes a pre-compensation module of linear and nonlinear distortions occurring in the endoscopic fiber. This module provides compressed pulses of 39 fs at the direct output of 5 meters long innovative double-clad air-silica microstructured fiber which is optimized for multiphoton excitation (polarization maintaining central core of 3.4 µm) and the collection of the signal produced by biological targets. At the end of the fiber, there is an endoscopic probe, 2.2 mm in diameter and 37 mm long, composed of a micro fiber scanning system and an achromatic micro-objective with a working distance greater than 400 µm. The spatial resolution of the device is 0.83 µm and the acquisition is done simultaneously on two spectral channels at 8 frames/s. The device has recorded in vivo images without label of the tubules and the renal capsule, respectively by two-photon excitation fluorescence of flavins and second harmonic generation of collagen, with 30 mW on the tissues and 300 µm below the surface of the organ
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Yao, Helai. "An approach to generate geometric models from multiple range images." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21956.pdf.
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Papakosta, Paraskevi. "Design and development of mechanical passive millimetre wave imaging scanning systems." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325129.
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Nadella, Suman. "Multi camera stereo and tracking patient motion for SPECT scanning systems." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-082905-161037/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.Keywords: Feature matching in multiple cameras; Multi camera stereo computation; Patient Motion Tracking; SPECT Imaging Includes bibliographical references. (p.84-88)
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Bergstrom, Torbjorn S. "Investigation of measurement artifacts introduced by horizontal scanning surface profiling instruments." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0108102-131441.
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Xie, Wei. "Simulation of X-ray imaging systems for luggage inspection." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020653/.
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Pic, Axel. "Numerical and experimental investigations of self-heating phenomena in 3D Hybrid Bonding imaging technologies." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI054.
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Dans cette thèse, les phénomènes d’auto-échauffement ont été étudié pour guider la conception de circuits intégrés 3D de nouvelle génération. Grâce à des études expérimentales et numériques, la dissipation thermique dans des imageurs 3D par collage hybride a été analysée et l’impact de l’augmentation de température résultante a été évalué. Premièrement, afin de développer des modèles précis, les propriétés thermiques des matériaux utilisés dans les circuits intégrés ont dû être déterminées. Différents films minces diélectriques impliquant des oxydes, des nitrures et des composés low-k ont été étudiés. Pour ce faire, la microscopie thermique à sonde locale (SThM) et la méthode électrothermique 3ω, sensibles à la conductivité thermique effective faible et élevée, ont été mises en œuvre. Dans un deuxième temps, des modèles éléments finis de circuits intégrés 3D ont été développés. Une méthode numérique nécessitant homogénéisations et approches multi-échelles a été proposée pour surmonter des grands rapports de forme inhérents à la microélectronique. La procédure numérique a été validée en comparant les calculs et les mesures expérimentales effectuées par SThM, la thermométrie résistive et la microscopie infrarouge sur une puce de test par collage hybride simplifiée. Il a été montré que la dissipation de chaleur est principalement limitée par la conductance du puit thermique ainsi que les pertes par l'air. Enfin, des études numériques et expérimentales ont été réalisées sur des imageurs 3D par collage hybride fonctionnels. Le champ de température a été mesuré par SThM et comparé aux calculs par éléments finis à la surface de la matrice. Les résultats numériques ont montré que la température de la surface des pixels est égale à celle du Front-End-Of-Line de l’imageur. L'influence de l'échauffement sur les performances optiques de l'imageur a été déduite de cette analyse. Cette étude a permis également d'évaluer les différentes méthodes numériques et expérimentales pour la caractérisation de la dissipation de chaleur en microélectroniqueIn this PhD thesis, self-heating phenomena are studied for guiding the design of next-generation 3D Integrated Circuits (ICs). By means of experimental and numerical investigations, associated heat dissipation in 3D Hybrid Bonding imagers is analyzed and the impact of the resulting temperature rise is evaluated. First, in order to develop accurate models, the thermal properties of materials used in ICs are to be determined. Different dielectric thin films involving oxides, nitrides, and low-k compounds are investigated. To do so, Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) and the 3ω electrothermal method, sensitive to low and large effective thermal conductivity, are implemented. In a second step, finiteelement models of 3D ICs are developed. A numerical method involving homogenization and a multiscale approach is proposed to overcome the large aspect ratios inherent in microelectronics. The numerical procedure is validated by comparing calculations and experimental measurements performed with SThM, resistive thermometry and infrared microscopy on a simplified Hybrid Bonding test chip. It is shown that heat dissipation is mainly limited by the heat sink conductance and the losses through air. Finally, numerical and experimental studies are performed on fully-functional 3D Hybrid Bonding imagers. The temperature field is measured with SThM and compared with finite-element computations at the die surface. The numerical results show that the temperature of the pixel surface is equal to that of the imager Front-End-Of-Line. The influence of the temperature rise on the optical performance of the imager is deduced from the analysis. The study also allows assessing the various numerical and experimental methods for characterizing heat dissipation in microelectronics
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Zhao, He. "Probing the Strongly Correlated Quantum Materials with Advanced Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy:." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108971.
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Thesis advisor: Ilija ZeljkovicWe used spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM) and spin-polarized STM (SP-STM) to unveil new electronic phenomena in several different quantum systems. We explored: (1) a potential topological superconductor heterostructure Bi₂Te₃/Fe(Te, Se), (2) high-Tc superconductors − Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈₊ₓ and Fe(Te, Se), and (3) doped spin-orbit Mott insulators Sr₂IrO₄ and Sr₃Ir₂O₇. In Bi₂Te₃/Fe(Te, Se), we observed superconductivity (SC) on the surface of Bi₂Te₃ thin film, induced by the iron-based superconductor substrate. By annealing the optimally-doped cuprate superconductor Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈₊ₓ, we drastically lowered the surface hole doping concentration to detect a unidirectional charge stripe order, the first reported charge order on an insulating (defined by the spectral gap with zero conductance spanning the Fermi level) cuprates surface. In the high-Tc SC Fe(Te, Se) single crystal, we found local regions of electronic nematicity, characterized by C₂ quasiparticle interference (QPI) induced by Fermi surface anisotropy and inequivalent spectral weight of dyz and dxz orbitals near Fermi level. Interestingly, the nematic order is locally strongly anti-correlated with superconductivity. Finally, utilizing SP-STM, we observed a short-range antiferromagnetic (AF) order near the insulator-metal transition (IMT) in spin-orbital Mott insulators Sr₂IrO₄ and Sr₃Ir₂O₇. The AF order inhomogeneity is found not to be strongly correlated with the charge gap. Interestingly, the AF order in the bi-layered Sr₃Ir₂O₇ shows residual memory behavior with temperature cycling. Overall, our work revealed new phenomena in a range of today’s most intriguing materials and set the stage for using SP-STM in other complex oxides
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Physics
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Pulli, Kari. "Surface reconstruction and display from range and color data /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6952.
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Garrison, Michael David. "A systems approach to recognition imaging : micropatterning and scanning force microscopy in the development of engineered biomaterials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8091.
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Fernandez, Rodriguez Rodolfo. "Development and Implementation of Acoustic Feedback Control for Scanning Probe Microscopy." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/548.
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A remote-sensing acoustic method for implementing position control feedback in Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) is presented. The capabilities of this feedback control using the new Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing (WGAS) method is demonstrated in a Shear-force Scanning Probe Microscope that uses a sharp probe attached to a piezoelectric Quartz Tuning Fork (QTF) firmly mounted on the microscope's frame. As the QTF is electrically driven its mechanical response reaches the SPM frame which then acts as a resonant cavity producing acoustic modes measured with an acoustic sensor strategically placed on the SPM head. The novelty of the WGAS resides in using an SPM frame with a perimeter closely matching the intervening acoustic wavelength to act as a resonant cavity. The whispering gallery cavity constitutes an acoustic amplifier for the mechanical motion of the QTF probe. The observed monotonic behavior of the whispering gallery acoustic signal as a function of the probe sample distance is exploited here for tip-sample distance control with nanometer sensitivity, thus allowing topographic characterization as the probe is scanned across the sample's surface. This thesis includes a description of a Labview based programming for the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) card used in the automated control of the WGAS feedback microscope, a solution for improving the effective resolution of the Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) and initial results towards theoretically modeling the WGAS working principle.
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Parlak, Zehra. "Quantitative imaging of subsurface structures and mechanical properties at nanoscale using atomic force microscope." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37181.
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This dissertation focuses on quantitative subsurface and mechanical properties imaging potential of AFM probes. Extensive modeling of AFM probes are presented for thorough understanding of capabilities and limitations of current techniques, these models are verified by various experiments, and different methods are developed by utilizing force-sensing integrated read-out active tip (FIRAT), which is an active AFM probe with broad bandwidth. For quantitative subsurface imaging, a 3-D FEA model of AFM tip-sample contact is developed and this model can simulate AFM tip scan on nanoscale-sized buried structures. FIRAT probe, which is active and broadband, is utilized for interaction forces imaging during intermittent contact mode and mechanical characterization capability of this probe is investigated. It is shown that probe dynamics, stiffness, stiffness ambiguity, assumed contact mechanics, and noise are important parameters for the accuracy of mechanical properties imaging. An active tip control mechanism is introduced to limit contact forces during intermittent contact mode. In addition to these, a combined ultrasonic AFM and interaction forces imaging method is developed and modeled to solve the reduced elasticity measurement sensitivity on composite materials. This method is capable of imaging a broader range of elasticity on combination samples such as metal nanoparticles in polymers at nanoscale.
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Spaw, Alexandra J. "Fetal Developmental Anatomy of the Human Cardiovascular and Central Nervous Systems Using Lugol’s Iodine Staining and Micro-Computed Tomography." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1398950897.
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Lewark, Erick A. "Automated techniques in anthropometry using a three dimensional laser scanner." Ohio : Ohio University, 1998. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1176485676.
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Köster, Joel Eduardo Matschinske. "Escâner tridimensional para medição de volume de feridas." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/892.
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CNPqO tratamento e cuidados com úlceras de pé diabético é uma questão de saúde pública. As técnicas atuais utilizadas para o acompanhamento do processo de cicatrização de úlceras abertas são baseadas principalmente em medidas aproximadas da área da ferida e envolvem contato direto, o que representa riscos de contaminação para o paciente. Neste trabalho é proposto o uso de técnicas de visão computacional para medir não apenas a área, mas o volume de úlceras abertas, fornecendo informação objetiva sobre o processo de cicatrização para os médicos, evitando contato direto com a ferida durante o procedimento de medição. A técnica proposta envolve a aquisição de uma sequência de imagens da ferida com iluminação estruturada usando um laser de baixa potência em linha, seguida de reconstrução da profundidade a partir da geometria do dispositivo de aquisição. É identificada a região da ferida de forma semiautomática e construída uma superfície fictícia do que seria a pele natural para servir de base para o cálculo do volume, que corresponde à quantidade de tecido faltante. Experimentos controlados ex-vivo utilizando um modelo de borracha de um Pé Diabético e um joelho de porco com uma ferida artificial representando a pele humana demonstram a viabilidade da técnica proposta.
Treatment and follow-up of Diabetic Foot ulcers is a major public health issue. Current techniques used for following up the healing process of open ulcers are mostly based on approximate area measurements of the wound and involve direct contact, which poses risks of contamination for the patient. This work proposes the use of computer vision techniques to measure not just the area, but the volume of open ulcers, providing additional objective information about the healing process to physicians while avoiding direct contact with the wound during the measurement procedure. The proposed technique involves acquiring a sequence of images of the wound with structured illumination using a low-power laser beam line, followed by depth reconstruction from the geometry of the acquisition device. The wound region is identified in a semi-automatic way and a fictitious surface of what would be the normal skin surface is then used to compute the volume, which corresponds to the missing amount of tissue. Controlled ex-vivo experiments using a rubber model of a Diabetic Foot and a knuckle of pork with an artificial wound representing the human skin demonstrate the viability of the proposed technique.
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Cassidy, Scott L. "Millimetre-wave FMCW radar for remote sensing and security applications." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7856.
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This thesis presents a body of work on the theme of millimetre-wave FMCW radar, for the purposes of security screening and remote sensing. First, the development of an optimised software radar signal processor will be outlined. Through use of threading and GPU acceleration, high data processing rates were achieved using standard PC hardware. The flexibility of this approach, compared to specialised hardware (e.g. DSP, FPGA etc…), allowed the processor to be rapidly adapted and has produced a significant performance increase in a number of advanced real-time radar systems. An efficient tracker was developed and was successfully deployed in live trials for the purpose of real-time wave detection in an autonomous boat control system. Automated radar operation and remote data telemetry functions were implemented in a terrain mapping radar to allow continuous monitoring of the Soufrière Hills volcano on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. This work concluded with the installation of the system 3 km from the volcano. Hardware modifications were made to enable coherent measurement in a number of existing radar systems, allowing phase sensitive measurements, including range-Doppler, to be performed. Sensitivity to displacements of less than 200 nm was demonstrated, which is limited by the phase noise of the system. Efficient compensation techniques are presented which correct for quadrature mixer imbalance, FMCW chirp non-linearity, and scanner drive distortions. In collaboration with the Home Office, two radar systems were evaluated for the stand-off detection of concealed objects. Automatic detection capability, based on polarimetric signatures, was developed using data gathered under controlled conditions. Algorithm performance was assessed through blind testing across a statistically significant number of subjects. A detailed analysis is presented, which evaluates the effect of clothing and object type on detection efficiency.
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Hsieh, Chia-Hsun, and 謝佳勳. "Diffuse Reflectance Hyperspectral Imaging System Based on Excitation Wavelength Scanning." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mwhu25.
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碩士國立中央大學
光電科學與工程學系
106
Diffuse reflectance spectra can provide the information about absorption and scattering characteristics of substance, finding out the tissue composition and the size of granule of objects. This technique can be applied to many fields such as color measurement, color matching, remote sensing, phytology and medical detection. However, in the past, the analysis of diffuse reflectance spectra couldn’t get the difference about the different spatial distribution of diffuse reflectance spectra, but the average spectra information of entire area. If we combine the spatial information with spectra, we can get more useful information. The biological tissue chromophores at arbitrary locations on skin are variety, which have different absorbance and reflectance depending on wavelength. By combining the spatial information with spectra, we can analyze the correlation between the absorbance and reflectance of the biological tissue chromophores, such as melanin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, β-carotene on skin. In this article, we set up a multiple-excitation-wavelength system, which are able to select different wavelength exposures to the sample, recording the spatial distribution of absorbance and reflectance. Subsequently, establish hyperspectral images, including 2D spatial information and 1D spectral information. We take diffuse reflectance hyperspectral images of human skin, analyzing them by the formula of theoretical models. Afterwards, get the hemoglobin oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentration and melanin concentration at different locations of the sample; use hypothesis testing to analyze the experimental data, such as the variability of hemoglobin oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentration and melanin concentration between the blood and bloodless area on the back and palm of hand. If we collect more data and accumulate bigger database, it can be useful for the medical diagnosis of skin disease. For instance, investigating the temporal variability of melanin concentration, which can tell whether melanin abnormally grow, can help the doctor to diagnose melanoma. The earlier the melanoma is diagnosed; the higher cure rate of skin cancer is.
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Wang, Youmin 1986. "Miniature laser scanning micro-endoscopes : multi-modality imaging system and biomedical applications." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20792.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer is a world menace. After years of endeavor seeking the end of it, people started to realize that no matter how powerful the therapy could be, detection at early stage is always a cheaper, easier and more successful solution compared with curative methods for cancer developed onto its advanced stage. However, relatively few early-detection approaches have proven sufficiently effective and practical for mass use as a point-of-care tool. An early-cancer screening tool integrating the desired features of sensitive, informative, portable, and cost-effective is in need for the doctors.
The progress in optical imaging and Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology offers a promise for an innovative cancer screening alternative that is non-invasive, radiation-free, portable and potentially cost-effective. This dissertation investigates handheld instrumentation as multi-modalities of miniature imaging probes with various designs of MEMS devices, to obtain real-time images of epithelial tissue optical and physiological properties, combining the quantitative advantages of spectral analysis with the qualitative benefits of imaging to distinguish early cancer. This dissertation in sequence presents the handheld instruments in the fashions of Laser-scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), optical diffuse reflectance imaging, nonlinear optical imaging modalities with their subsequent image-guided managements in oral cancer, skin cancer detection, circulating tumor cell (CTC) imaging, and imaging guided surgeries.
One of the main challenges facing miniaturization lies in the mechanism of beam deflection across the sample. This dissertation introduces two generations of MEMS devices desgined, fabricated and incorporated in the imaging probes. A two-axis vertical comb driven silicon micromirror was used in the development of a handheld LSCM for oral cancer detection. Though obtaining numerous advantages, this first generation silicon MEMS micromirror suffers from small aperture size and high voltage requirement for actuation, which result in low collection efficiency in fluorescence imaging and medial safety concerns, respectively. Therefore a stainless steel scanner compatible with electrical discharge machining (EDM) process was fabricated with simplified process, low-voltage magnetic actuation and large fluorescence collection efficiency, with its capability demonstrated in the incorporation and embodiment of a handheld hyperspectral nonlinear imaging probe.
Besides, software and controlling innovations for handheld imaging modalities are presented. A feedback controlling system for MEMS scanning status monitoring was developed for stabilized imaging rendering. For the sake of further improved imaging stability in handheld imaging and to enable on-site mosaic for large field viewing, a handheld mosaic system was developed and presented.text
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Hsia, Chen-Hsuan, and 夏晨軒. "Automatic Calibration and Control for Angular Scanning based Imaging Surface Plasmon Resonance System." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66c97c.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
醫學工程學研究所
107
Surface plasmon resonance biosensor, which observes the optical signals change by the surface plasmon between the metal film and the dielectric medium. Detection of the SPR biosensor have several advantages such as high sensitivity and real-time detection. Mentioned of these pros, they are often used to quickly detect biochemical molecules. In order to generate surface plasmon resonance, in addition to a good optical architecture, the angle of incident light becomes a major issue in imaging SPR biosensor. An automation of the sensor architecture eliminate the error caused by manual angular modulation and the optical observing by naked eye. Therefore, we use the micro-stepper motor as the control module of angular scanning system and cooperate with a system algorithm , which can not only improve the accuracy by ten times, but also improve experiment efficient. The system records the light intensity signal at the same time as the angle scan, and automatically analyze the best sensor measurement angle. It will finish motor positioning when the sensor measurement angle was analyzed. Different samples have variant refractive index, which cause the optical signals had changed. Though the change of refractive index is the source of signal, the thickness of metal film, collimation of the incident light and the system miscellaneous also affect the optical signal. To eliminate the heterogeneity on the sensor, we combines the automatic sensor performance calibration algorithm. Analyzing the response coefficient which can reflect the sensitivity of sensor performance to correct the light intensity to the refractive index change of the sample on sensor. With the above of two algorithms, the sensor reproducibility and high throughput can be substantially improved.
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Sawinski, Jürgen [Verfasser]. "Development of a head-mount fiber scanning system for imaging in vivo / presented by Jürgen Sawinski." 2006. http://d-nb.info/978098919/34.
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Das, Anirban, and ANIRBAN DAS. "Development of light addressable electrode based scanning system for chemical imaging, micro-particle and cell manipulation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78320476048930557835.
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Yang, Che Chang, and 楊哲昌. "Development of a Virtual-Point-Detector-Concept Based Laser-scanning Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Micro-imaging System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76529476780650493845.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
電機工程學系
104
Recently, laser-scanning optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (LSOR-PAM) has been proposed to increase the 3D imaging speed; however, its use of a needle hydrophone or an unfocused ultrasound transducer for obtaining large field-of-view (FOV) compromises the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). LSOR-PAM with an unfocused transducer also suffers the spatial impulse response (SIR) effect – the non-uniform piezoelectric response of the transducer to the photoacoustic sources in the FOV. The SIR effect also deteriorates the axial resolution and hinders the use of the high frequency broadband transducer required for spectroscopic applications. To solve these problems, we propose a virtual point detector concept for LSOR-PAM to improve the SNR and mitigate the SIR effect while retaining the imaging speed and minimizing the loss in the FOV. The focal point of a focused transducer is viewed as a virtual point detector which can be placed as close to the sample as possible to act like a real one even though the LSOR-PAM is with an optical and acoustic beam combiner. We preliminarily verify the feasibility of the concept by Field II simulation and existing ultrasound imaging system. Simulation results and experimental results both showed that there was a trade-off between the SNR and FOV determined by the distance between the virtual point detector and sample, which can be well tailored for different applications. The higher SNR than that of LSOR-PAM using an unfocused transducer could be obtained. Moreover, the suppression of the SIR effect was proven by A-line signals, spectrums and correlation maps. Comparison between the transducers with different center frequencies, in vivo micro-vascular imaging of a mouse ear and the preliminary results of a mouse brain were also drawn.
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Kang-YuChu and 朱綱羽. "Development of Two Dimension Scanning System and Diffuse Optical Imaging for Continuous Wave Near-infrared Spectroscopy." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57960581122052757644.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
生物醫學工程學系
104
Stroke is a heterogeneous syndrome caused by various diseases resulting from disruption of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain tissue necrosis. The infarct area of ischemic stroke generally accompanies with cerebral edema which could change the optical properties of the brain tissue. Various forms of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been developed to provide a good temporal resolution for quantifying blood oxygen level and for assessing damages and evolution of brain tissue during various stages of ischemic stroke. In this study, we have developed a two-dimensional NIRS scanning system based on galvo mirror scanner of one light source and one detector instead of including more channels. Continuous wave NIRS (CWNIRS) module for monitoring the relative change of hemoglobin concentrations is utilized in the ischemic stroke rat. The continuous NIRS light source was positioned precisely and was were acquired by using graphic user interface (GUI). The CWNIRS light source is mounted on 2D fast positioning module to scan an area of 100 mm^2 at a resolution of 100μm. The 2D NIRS scanning system is first observed in phantom, buried barcode with lower reflection properties for calibration purpose, and later in common carotid artery (CCA) ligation rat experiment for inspecting tissue and functional variation. Also, the scanning was applied to observe occlusion of human limb vessels. Our results show the spatiotemporal brain mapping of NIRS during hemodynamic measurements in human limb occlusion as well as in ligation of rats experiment. With this design, we can reconstruct a hemispheric brain image of the hemodynamics and the optical properties from the 2-D scanning of NIRS measurements. It is expected that CW-NIRS image system can provide functional and anatomical information of the brain with cerebral vascular disease. The cortical hemodynamic response in animal model would provide time-course monitoring for stroke recovery as well as for future design of therapeutic treatment schemes for stroke subjects in the future.
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Shankar, Mohan. "Sampling and Signal Estimation in Computational Optical Sensors." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/445.
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劉汶錦. "A Study of Thermal Imaging System with Scanning Circuit and 128x128 (Pb,Ca)TiO3 Pyroelectric Thin Film Infrared Array Sensor." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83972517467462641074.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
101
In this paper, MEM process technology is used to prepare pyroelectric PbCaTiO3 128×128 pixel infrared sensor device, and pyroelectric thin film and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor are associated. Moreover, home-made readout circuit is used and the interlaced electrode layout way is improved in the design, finally, 128×128 pixel infrared thermal image scanning sensor system is set up and integrated. In this paper, pyroelectric material characteristic is associated with MOSFET device characteristic, and ferroelectric ceramic material Pb0.7Ca0.3TiO3 target material with pyroelectric characteristic is adopted to achieve good pyroelectric thin film parameter and characteristic. Moreover, RF magnetron sputter system is used to deposit pyroelectric thin film on the insulated thin film of gate electrode of FET, then through annealing treatment, the needed pyroelectric thin film can be obtained. In the pyroelectric thin film device characteristic part, the remanent polarization of Pb0.7Ca0.3TiO3 thin film is 20 μC/cm2, and coercive electric field is 15 kV/cm; from the measured I-V curve, the transconducatance gm obtained is 0.28 mA/V. In this paper, black body furnace is used as signal source to measure infrared sensor device, when the frequency reached is 1Hz, it will have the largest voltage response of 1.37x105 V/W, and device response time is 58.8ms, and normalized detectivity is 5.96x106 cmHz1/2W-1. In the image scanning system measurement aspect, lens is used to focus the halogen optical source onto 2.2cm 2.2cm 128x128 pixel sensor device, together with readout circuit, light illuminated signal is converted into digital signal to be transferred to be read by program in computer end. In the circuit preparation part, OrCAD and Allegro software is used in the design to prepare the circuit board. In the circuit readout design, in order to reach the goal of circuit miniaturization, serial port I/O is adopted to expand IC, and in the readout circuit MCU, the expansion IC of MX7300AAX is controlled through I2C way. Readout command will send the sensor signal to IC, then voltage level reading method will be used to read it, then the data will be sent to the computer end through UART, eventually, Labview program will be used to display the image to finish the infrared dynamic image measurement.
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Huang, Rongxin 1978. "Brownian motion at fast time scales and thermal noise imaging." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/18009.
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This dissertation presents experimental studies on Brownian motion at fast time scales, as well as our recent developments in Thermal Noise Imaging which uses thermal motions of microscopic particles for spatial imaging. As thermal motions become increasingly important in the studies of soft condensed matters, the study of Brownian motion is not only of fundamental scientific interest but also has practical applications. Optical tweezers with a fast position-sensitive detector provide high spatial and temporal resolution to study Brownian motion at fast time scales. A novel high bandwidth detector was developed with a temporal resolution of 30 ns and a spatial resolution of 1 °A. With this high bandwidth detector, Brownian motion of a single particle confined in an optical trap was observed at the time scale of the ballistic regime. The hydrodynamic memory effect was fully studied with polystyrene particles of different sizes. We found that the mean square displacements of different sized polystyrene particles collapse into one master curve which is determined by the characteristic time scale of the fluid inertia effect. The particle’s inertia effect was shown for particles of the same size but different densities. For the first time the velocity autocorrelation function for a single particle was shown. We found excellent agreement between our experiments and the hydrodynamic theories that take into account the fluid inertia effect. Brownian motion of a colloidal particle can be used to probe three-dimensional nano structures. This so-called thermal noise imaging (TNI) has been very successful in imaging polymer networks with a resolution of 10 nm. However, TNI is not efficient at micrometer scale scanning since a great portion of image acquisition time is wasted on large vacant volume within polymer networks. Therefore, we invented a method to improve the efficiency of large scale scanning by combining traditional point-to-point scanning to explore large vacant space with thermal noise imaging at the proximity of the object. This method increased the efficiency of thermal noise imaging by more than 40 times. This development should promote wider applications of thermal noise imaging in the studies of soft materials and biological systems.text
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LaRocca, Francesco. "Development of Multi-modal and Super-resolved Retinal Imaging Systems." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/12239.
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Advancements in retinal imaging technologies have drastically improved the quality of eye care in the past couple decades. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) are two examples of critical imaging modalities for the diagnosis of retinal pathologies. However current-generation SLO and OCT systems have limitations in diagnostic capability due to the following factors: the use of bulky tabletop systems, monochromatic imaging, and resolution degradation due to ocular aberrations and diffraction.
Bulky tabletop SLO and OCT systems are incapable of imaging patients that are supine, under anesthesia, or otherwise unable to maintain the required posture and fixation. Monochromatic SLO and OCT imaging prevents the identification of various color-specific diagnostic markers visible with color fundus photography like those of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Resolution degradation due to ocular aberrations and diffraction has prevented the imaging of photoreceptors close to the fovea without the use of adaptive optics (AO), which require bulky and expensive components that limit the potential for widespread clinical use.
In this dissertation, techniques for extending the diagnostic capability of SLO and OCT systems are developed. These techniques include design strategies for miniaturizing and combining SLO and OCT to permit multi-modal, lightweight handheld probes to extend high quality retinal imaging to pediatric eye care. In addition, a method for extending true color retinal imaging to SLO to enable high-contrast, depth-resolved, high-fidelity color fundus imaging is demonstrated using a supercontinuum light source. Finally, the development and combination of SLO with a super-resolution confocal microscopy technique known as optical photon reassignment (OPRA) is demonstrated to enable high-resolution imaging of retinal photoreceptors without the use of adaptive optics.
Dissertation
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Joshi, Abhishek Shriram. "Image Processing and Super Resolution Methods for a Linear 3D Range Image Scanning Device for Forensic Imaging." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3414.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)In the last few decades, forensic science has played a significant role in bringing criminals to justice. Shoe and tire track impressions found at the crime scene are important pieces of evidence since the marks and cracks on them can be uniquely tied to a person or vehicle respectively. We have designed a device that can generate a highly accurate 3-Dimensional (3D) map of an impression without disturbing the evidence. The device uses lasers to detect the changes in depth and hence it is crucial to accurately detect the position of the laser. Typically, the forensic applications require very high resolution images in order to be useful in prosecutions of criminals. Limitations of the hardware technology have led to the use of signal and image processing methods to achieve high resolution images. Super Resolution is the process of generating higher resolution images from multiple low resolution images using knowledge about the motion and the properties of the imaging geometry. This thesis presents methods for developing some of the image processing components of the 3D impression scanning device. In particular, the thesis describes the following two components: (i) methods to detect the laser stripes projected onto the impression surface in order to calculate the deformations of the laser stripes due to 3D surface shape being scanned, and (ii) methods to improve the resolution of the digitized color image of the impression by utilizing multiple overlapping low resolution images captured during the scanning process and super resolution techniques.