Journal articles: 'Scanning Gel Electrochemical Microscopy (SGECM)'

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Dang, Ning, Mathieu Etienne, Alain Walcarius, and Liang Liu. "Scanning gel electrochemical microscopy (SGECM): The potentiometric measurements." Electrochemistry Communications 97 (December 2018): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2018.10.020.

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Dang, Ning, Mathieu Etienne, Alain Walcarius, and Liang Liu. "Scanning Gel Electrochemical Microscopy (SGECM): Lateral Physical Resolution by Current and Shear Force Feedback." Analytical Chemistry 92, no. 9 (April 1, 2020): 6415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05538.

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Liu, Liang, Mathieu Etienne, and Alain Walcarius. "Scanning Gel Electrochemical Microscopy for Topography and Electrochemical Imaging." Analytical Chemistry 90, no. 15 (July 13, 2018): 8889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01011.

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Oseland, Elizabeth E., Zoë J. Ayres, Andrew Basile, David M. Haddleton, Paul Wilson, and Patrick R. Unwin. "Surface patterning of polyacrylamide gel using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM)." Chemical Communications 52, no. 64 (2016): 9929–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc05153g.

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Zhu, Ji Ne, Sheng Li Zhao, Jiu Ba Wen, and Zhao Yang Wu. "Electrochemical Properties of NiO thin Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Process." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 2487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.2487.

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The thermal decomposition behavior of gel precursor, the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of NiO thin films prepared by sol-gel process were characterized by thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and constant current charge-discharge techniques. The results show that the gel precursor completely decomposes and gradually forms the nanocrystalline NiO at 450°C during the sintering. The NiO thin film is smooth, uniform and free of cracks drying at 200°C as pretreatment and sintering at a low temperature rise rate. The structure of NiO films sintered at 500°C for 2h becomes integrity, whose discharge capacity after 20 cycles remains at 714mAh/g. It is promising to be used in Li-ion battery for great initial specific capacity and well cycle performances.

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Luo, Hongmei, Qianglu Lin, Stacy Baber, and Mahesh Naalla. "Surfactant-Templated Mesoporous Metal Oxide Nanowires." Journal of Nanomaterials 2010 (2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/750960.

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We demonstrate two approaches to prepare mesoporous metal oxide nanowires by surfactant assembly and nanoconfinement via sol-gel or electrochemical deposition. For example, mesoporousTa2O5and zeolite nanowires are prepared by block copolymer Pluronic 123-templated sol-gel method, and mesoporous ZnO nanowires are prepared by electrodeposition in presence of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant, in porous membranes. The morphologies of porous nanowires are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses.

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Nogala, Wojciech, Malte Burchardt, Marcin Opallo, Jerzy Rogalski, and Gunther Wittstock. "Scanning electrochemical microscopy study of laccase within a sol–gel processed silicate film." Bioelectrochemistry 72, no. 2 (April 2008): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.01.010.

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E, Sharel P., Minkyung Kang, Paul Wilson, Lingcong Meng, David Perry, Andrew Basile, and Patrick R. Unwin. "High resolution visualization of the redox activity of Li2O2 in non-aqueous media: conformal layer vs. toroid structure." Chemical Communications 54, no. 24 (2018): 3053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc09957f.

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A strong relationship between the surface structure and the redox activity of Li₂O₂ is visualized directly using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, employing a dual-barrel nanopipette containing a unique gel polymer electrolyte.

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Covelo, Alba, Juan Genescá, Arturo Barba, Carmina Menchaca, Jorge Uruchurtu, and Miguel Hernández. "Corrosion Behavior of Hybrid Sol-Gel Films Reinforced with Electrospun Nanofibers." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.119.

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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of hybrid sol-gel coatings reinforced with electrospinning nanofibers doped with cerium nitrate and ceria particles to increase the corrosion properties of the coating. Poly(vinyl alcohol) solutions doped with cerium nitrate and ceria were electrospun onto clean commercial aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 plates and then coated with a hybrid sol-gel system using the dip-coating procedure. The hybrid materials synthesized via sol-gel chemistry were prepared from inorganic-organic precursors: zirconium (IV) propoxide and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimetoxysilane. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique was applied to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the film whereas scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were employed to characterize the surface characteristics. The incorporation of nanofibers into the sol-gel system provides good barrier properties that increase the corrosion resistance of the aluminum at longer exposure times in saline media. This protection depends of the type of inhibitor loaded within the electrospun nanofibers.

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Sadeghi, B., R. Sarraf-Mamoory, and H. R. Shahverdi. "Surface Modification of LiMn2O4for Lithium Batteries by Nanostructured LiFePO4Phosphate." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/743236.

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LiMn2O4spinel cathode materials have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction. Surface of these particles was modified by nanostructured LiFePO4via sol gel dip coating method. Synthesized products were characterized by thermally analyzed thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results of electrochemical tests showed that the charge/discharge capacities improved and charge retention of battery enhanced. This improved electrochemical performance is caused by LiFePO4phosphate layer on surfaces of LiMn2O4cathode particles.

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Zhao, Shen Li, Ji Ne Zhu, J. B. Wen, and Zhao Yang Wu. "Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of NiO Thin Films by Sol-Gel." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.729.

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The NiO thin film was deposited on the stainless steel substrate by spin-coating compared with thermal treatment technique. Thermal decomposition behavior of gel precursor, the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of NiO thin film were characterized by thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and constant current charge-discharge techniques. The results show that the stable sol is synthesized by nickel acetate and PAA. The gel precursor completely decomposes and gradually forms the nanocrystalline NiO at 450°C during the sintering. The crystal structure of NiO films become more integrity and particles large with the increasing of sintering temperature. The morphology and structure of the NiO thin film sintered at 500°C for 2h is perfect and exhibits high discharge specific capacity and well cycle performance whose initial and stable discharge capacity after 20 cycles are 1147.5mAh/g and 741mAh/g , respectively.

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Csóka, Balázs, and Géza Nagy. "Determination of diffusion coefficient in gel and in aqueous solutions using scanning electrochemical microscopy." Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 61, no. 1-2 (October 2004): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbbm.2004.03.001.

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Hung, Vu Ngoc, Dao Van‐Duong, and Tran Thi Trang. "Spinel‐layered Li₂MnTiO₄_+z cathode material for Li‐ion batteries prepared by a sol‐gel method." Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 58, no. 4 (August 2020): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.202000010.

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AbstractHerein, the sol‐gel method is conducted to synthesize the spinel‐layered Li2MnTiO4+z (0.5LiMnTiO4•0.5Li2Mn0.5Ti0.5O3) nanoparticles as a cathode material for Li‐ion batteries. The structural and electrochemical properties of the material are investigated by means of X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and charge‐discharge tests. The obtained sample shows a high capacity of 200 mAh g‐1 with a capacity retention of 90 % after 60 cycles at C/5.

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Hernandez, Miguel, Juan Genesca, Claudia Ramos, Emilio Bucio, José Guadalupe Bañuelos, and Alba Covelo. "Corrosion Resistance of AA2024-T3 Coated with Graphene/Sol-Gel Films." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.115.

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Graphene is a two-dimensional network of carbon atoms with optimal thermal, electronic and chemical stability properties that promise different and versatile applications in various fields including the protection of metals from corrosion phenomena. For this reason in this paper graphene was employed and studied as an agent dopand incorporated into hybrid sol-gel coatings to enhance their resistance in saline media and to improve the durability of these films. Graphene was obtained by using an electrochemical method involving oxidation and reduction reactions in a sodium lauryl sulfate solution. On the other hand, the hybrid sol-gel was synthesized from the combination of inorganic and organic precursors, zirconium (IV) n-propoxide (TPOZ) and 3-glycidoxipropiltrimetoxysilane (GLYMO) respectively. In order to obtain the coating system (graphene/sol-gel) two different procedures were applied onto clean aluminum plates: a) the electrodeposition of graphene and b) the graphene-doped sol-gel coating. Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterize the results, which demonstrate an improvement of the corrosion properties of the films with the incorporation of graphene compounds.

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Balan, Poovarasi, Aaron Ng, Chee Beng Siang, R. K. Singh Raman, and Eng Seng Chan. "Effect of Nanoparticle Addition in Hybrid Sol-Gel Silane Coating on Corrosion Resistance of Low Carbon Steel." Advanced Materials Research 686 (April 2013): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.686.244.

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Chromium pre-treatments of metal have been replaced by silane pre-treatments as more environmental friendly option. Nanoparticles can be added in the silane sol-gel network have been reported to improve corrosion resistance. In this work, the electrochemical corrosion resistance of low carbon steel coated with hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gel film filled with nanoparticles was evaluated. The sol-gel films have been synthesized from 3-glycidoxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane (3-GPTMS) and tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) precursors. These films have been impregnated with 300 ppm of silica or alumina nanoparticles. The electrochemical behavior of the coated steel was evaluated by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Equivalent circuit modeling, used for quantifying the EIS measurements showed that sol-gel films containing silica nanoparticles improved the barrier properties of the silane coating. The silica nanoparticle-containing films showed highest initial pore resistance over the five days of immersion in 0.05M NaCl.

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Liu, Xu Yan, Min Yang, Qiang Li, and Deng Pan. "Research on the Properties of Sol-Gel Deposited WO₃-NiO Thin Films." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 929–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.929.

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WO3-NiO thin films have been prepared using WO3 and NiO, deposited on ITO conductive glass by the sol-gel spin coating technique, which has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and high volume production. The composition, surface morphology and electrochemical properties of the obtained films were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical workstation. The experimental results show that after 450 °C calcination, it makes the structure of WO3/NiO obtained by sol-gel method from amorphous into crystalline. Finally, compared with the different films fabricated by different processes, the composite films of WO3 calcined at 450 °C and NiO can achieve the best electrochemical performance.

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Turyan, Iva, Boris Orel, Renata Reisfeld, and Daniel Mandler. "Studying electron transfer at electrochromic tungsten oxide sol–gel films with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5, no. 15 (2003): 3212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b301380d.

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Porcel-Valenzuela, María, Francisco Huerta, Emilia Morallón, and Francisco Montilla. "Affinity of Electrochemically Deposited Sol–Gel Silica Films towards Catecholamine Neurotransmitters." Sensors 19, no. 4 (February 19, 2019): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040868.

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Dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine neurotransmitters can be detected by electrochemical oxidation in conventional electrodes. However, their similar chemical structure and electrochemical behavior makes a difficult selective analysis. In the present work, glassy carbon electrodes have been modified with silica layers, which were prepared by electroassisted deposition of sol–gel precursors. These layers were morphologically and compositionally characterized using different techniques, such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), TEM, FTIR, or thermogravimetric analysis–mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The affinity of silica for neurotransmitters was evaluated, exclusively, by means of electrochemical methods. It was demonstrated that silica adsorbs dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, showing different interaction with silica pores. The adsorption process is dominated by a hydrogen bond between silanol groups located at the silica surface and the amine groups of neurotransmitters. Because of the different interaction with neurotransmitters, electrodes modified with silica films could be used in electrochemical sensors for the selective detection of such molecules.

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Makarychev, Yuriy B., Natalia A. Gladkikh, Galina V. Redkina, Oleg Yu Grafov, Ali D. Aliev, and Yuriy I. Kuznetsov. "Formation of Composite Coatings on Galvanized Steel from Organosilane Solutions Using Electrophoresis and Sol–Gel Technology." Materials 15, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 2418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072418.

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New hybrid composite coatings (HCCs) on hot-dip galvanized steel (HDGS) were obtained using electrophoresis (cathodic polarization (CP)) and sol–gel technology. For this purpose, a technique for the preparation of a cationic precursor based on TiCl4 and aminopropyltriethoxysilane was developed. Electrophoresis of the charged particles of the precursor and organosilanes promotes the production of denser sol–gel coatings with improved adhesion. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods, the formation mechanism and protective properties of HCC on galvanized steel were investigated.

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Yan, Qun, and Chuanxian Li. "Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole-SiO2 composite coating on 316 stainless steel for corrosion protection." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 452–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-02-2016-1650.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to synthesize polypyrrole/SiO2 composite coating on 316 stainless steel (316SS) by cyclic voltammogram and preliminary do research about the valuable effects of SiO2 particle incorporation within the polymer matrix. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on elaboration of coating by electrochemical process and of SiO2 by a sol-gel process. Findings Electrochemical impedance studies revealed that compared with polypyrrole (PPy), PPy-SiO2 coating acts as a more protective layer on 316SS against corrosion in 3.5 per cent NaCl. Scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that the PPy-SiO2-coated 316SS showed more uniform and compact morphology. Originality/value To fully disperse SiO2, a sol-gel method is used. Hydroxyl group is generated on the surface of inorganic particle by the sol-gel method, which improves the inorganic particle dispersion.

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De Mello, Rafael Lopes Seabra, Flora Inês Mattos-Costa, Hebe de las Mercedes Villullas, and Luis Otávio de Souza Bulhões. "Preparation and electrochemical characterization of Pt nanoparticles dispersed on niobium oxide." Ecletica Quimica 28, no. 2 (December 22, 2003): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v28.2.2003.p69-76.

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Electrodes consisting of Pt nanoparticles dispersed on thin films of niobium oxide were preparedonto titanium substrates by a sol-gel method. The physical characterization of these electrodes was carriedout by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The meansize of the Pt particles was found to be 10.7 nm. The general aspects of the electrochemical behavior werestudied by cyclic voltammetry in 1 mol L -1 HClO 4 aqueous solution. The response of these electrodes inrelation to the oxidation of formaldehyde and methanol in acidic media was also studied.

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Xie, Hui, and Jian Zhuang Liu. "Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Lithium Iron Phosphate Synthesized by Gel-Solid State Reduction Method." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1146.

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A lithium iron phosphate composite LiFePO4/C as cathode material for lithium ion battery was synthesized by sol-gel and high temperature solid state reduction method. The crystalline structure, morphology of particles and electrochemical performances of the sample were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and charge-discharge test. Crystal structure and electrochemical performances of the composite relates to the heat treatment temperature. The composite synthesized under 700°C is simple pure olive-type phase structure with relative uniformly distribution of particle size. Also high charge-discharge capacity and efficiency, good cycle ability and high rate capability were observed in electrochemical tests for the composite. However, the capacity loss under high temperature, which may be the main content of further study.

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Singh, Gurpreet, Amrish Panwar, Anjan Sil, and Sudipto Ghosh. "Synthesis and Characterization of LiMn₂O₄ Nanoparticles Using Citric Acid as Chelating Agent." Advanced Materials Research 67 (April 2009): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.67.227.

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Nanocrystalline LiMn2O4 powder was synthesized by sol-gel method using citric acid as a chelating agent. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Differential thermal analysis (DTA), Impedance spectroscopy (IS) and Electrochemical measurements. The powder particles having slight agglomeration characteristics were found to have prismatic morphology and a wider size distribution from 50 nm to 200 nm, which provides good packing density of the material. The electrical conductivity of the powder at room temperature is in the order of ~10-5 S/cm. The structural stability of LiMn2O4 cubic spinel over the temperature range of battery operation was assessed. Electrochemical performance of the material shows a discharge capacity of ~130 mAh/gm.

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Bansod, N. H., G. N. Chaudhari, A. B. Bodade, and Prashant B. Kharat. "Sol-Gel Derived Cobalt-Doped CeO2 Nanocomposite on Gold Electrode for Glucose Electrochemical Sensing." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 5 (2022): 1255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23684.

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Development of a highly sensitive, repeatable glucose biosensor based on Co-doped CeO2 nanoparticles is presented in this study. The sol-gel citrate approach was used to synthesize cobalt doped CeO2 (CoxCe1-xO2) nanoparticles (5, 10 and 15%). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to characterize the structure and morphology of the nanocrystal. The Co-doped CeO2 nanoparticles-chitosan (CS) composite film was coated on an gold plate using a spin coating process. An adsorption approach created a GOX/CHIT/CCO/Au bioelectrode by immobilizing the enzyme glucose oxidase. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to check the electrochemical performance of biosensors. The designed biosensor had an outstanding linear response to glucose oxidase (30–220 mM) by a detection limit of 30 mM. The biosensor has an enormous affinity (Km = 3.010 mM), excellent repeatability and storage stability up to 28 days.

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Nogala, Wojciech, Katarzyna Szot, Malte Burchardt, Martin Jönsson-Niedziolka, Jerzy Rogalski, Gunther Wittstock, and Marcin Opallo. "Scanning electrochemical microscopy activity mapping of electrodes modified with laccase encapsulated in sol–gel processed matrix." Bioelectrochemistry 79, no. 1 (August 2010): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.12.009.

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Carbonell, Diógenes J., Amaya García-Casas, Javier Izquierdo, Ricardo M. Souto, Juan Carlos Galván, and Antonia Jiménez-Morales. "Scanning electrochemical microscopy characterization of sol-gel coatings applied on AA2024-T3 substrate for corrosion protection." Corrosion Science 111 (October 2016): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2016.06.002.

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Kasai, Shigenobu, Hitoshi Shiku, Yu-suke Torisawa, Kuniaki Nagamine, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Toshiaki Watanabe, and Tomokazu Matsue. "Cytokine assay on a cellular chip by combining collagen gel embedded culture with scanning electrochemical microscopy." Analytica Chimica Acta 566, no. 1 (April 2006): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.02.061.

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Wang, Yun Hai, Zi Zhou Nie, and Yong Rong Liang. "Characterization of Nickel-Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Electrodes Prepared via Sol-Gel Dip-Coating Method." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2155.

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Nickel and antimony doped tin oxide (NATO) electrodes were prepared by sol-gel dip-coating method. The effect of doping levels was investigated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical ozone generation efficiency was also tested. The results showed that sol-gel prepared electrodes had a smoother surface morphology and lower current efficiency for ozone generation than electrodes prepared by traditional pyrolysis method. The nickel and antimony doping lead to a decrease in the crystallites size, while its effects on ozone generation efficiency were complex.

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LIN, YAN, HONGGE PAN, MINGXIA GAO, HE MIAO, SHOUQUAN LI, and YUE WANG. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LiFePO4/C PREPARED VIA A SOL–GEL METHOD." Surface Review and Letters 15, no. 01n02 (February 2008): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x08011111.

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Carbon-coated lithium ion phosphate was synthesized from a gel precursor with ferric iron and a carbon source of organic chelating agent via a sol–gel method. The dependence of the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the synthesized LiFePO 4/ C on the pH value of the precursor solution during gel formation and the sintering time was investigated. The obtained LiFePO 4/ C particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and element analysis. The results show that the pH value has little effect on the phase purity. At a sintering temperature of 700°C, the discharge capacity of LiFePO 4/ C under 0.1 C (1 C = 170 mA/g) regime decreased from 152.8 to 62.5 mAh/g with decreasing the sintering time from 12 h to 8 h. Appropriate sintering time can lead to well-crystallized LiFePO 4/ C , which improves the electrochemical performance.

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Li, Yu Lin, Zhe Rui Huang, Qing Dong Zhong, Chen Xiao, Hui Li, and Jin Hu Sun. "Morphology, Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Nano-Enamel Coating Changed on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy." Materials Science Forum 893 (March 2017): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.893.309.

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Using a sol-gel method and impregnation technology to produce nanoenamel coating on polished Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The morphology, structure and phase composition of nanoenamel coatings modified on mild steel were identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electro microscopy (SEM) and tested by some electrochemical methods, such as open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization testing [1]. All of these method can select the samples which perform the best corrosion resisitance.

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Mello, R. L. S., F. I. Mattos-Costa, H. de las M. Villullas, and L. O. de S. Bulhões. "Preparation and electrochemical characterization of Pt nanoparticles dispersed on niobium oxide." Eclética Química 28, no. 2 (2003): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-46702003000200009.

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Electrodes consisting of Pt nanoparticles dispersed on thin films of niobium oxide were prepared onto titanium substrates by a sol-gel method. The physical characterization of these electrodes was carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The mean size of the Pt particles was found to be 10.7 nm. The general aspects of the electrochemical behavior were studied by cyclic voltammetry in 1 mol L-1 HClO4 aqueous solution. The response of these electrodes in relation to the oxidation of formaldehyde and methanol in acidic media was also studied.

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Peng, Dongdong, Kang Huang, Yuntao He, Zhan Zhang, Yi Wang, and Junsheng Wu. "Hybrid sol-gel coating incorporated with TiO2 nanosheets and anti-corrosive effects on AA2024-T3." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 66, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-08-2018-1980.

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Purpose This paper aims to improve the anti-corrosive properties of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3 by coating of hybrid sol-gel coating incorporated with TiO2 nanosheets and to investigate the effect of nanosheets’ size on the improvement of corrosion-resistant performance. Design/methodology/approach A series of hybrid sol-gel films incorporated with varying amounts of TiO2 nanosheets were developed to enhance the corrosion protection performance of the bare metal. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate the structure and morphology of the coatings obtained. In addition, the corrosion-resistant properties of the coatings were evaluated using salt spray test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Findings The corrosion current was as low as 9.55 × 10-4 µA/cm2 and optimal positive corrosion potential reached −0.6 V when the size and loading amount of TiO2 nanosheet were optimized, resulting in a remarkable improvement in anti-corrosive properties. Originality/value This work first investigates the effect of incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles on hybrid sol-gel coating on the improvement of anti-corrosive performance of aluminum alloy AA2024-T3.

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Yang, Zhigao, and Shengping Wang. "High Cycling Performance Cathode Material: Interconnected LiFePO4/Carbon Nanoparticles Fabricated by Sol-Gel Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/801562.

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Interconnected LiFePO4/carbon nanoparticles for Li-ion battery cathode have been fabricated by sol-gel method followed by a carbon coating process involving redox reactions. The carbon layers coated on the LiFePO4nanoparticles not only served as a protection layer but also supplied fast electrons by building a 3D conductive network. As a cooperation, LiFePO4nanoparticles encapsulated in interconnected conductive carbon layers provided the electrode reactions with fast lithium ions by offering the lithium ions shortening and unobstructed pathways. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests showed optimized morphology. Electrochemical characterizations including galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests, together with impedance parameters calculated, all indicated better electrochemical performance and excellent cycling performance at high rate (with less than 9.5% discharge capacity loss over 2000 cycles, the coulombic efficiency maintained about 100%).

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Pour, Gobad B., Leila F. Aval, and Masoud Mirzaee. "CNTs Supercapacitor Based on the PVDF/PVA Gel Electrolytes." Recent Patents on Nanotechnology 14, no. 2 (September 16, 2020): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872210513666191204111006.

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Background: In this paper, the supercapacitor based on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) electrodes has been fabricated. Objective: The Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) were used as a gel electrolyte. Methods: The electrodes and electrolytes thin films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The specific Capacitance (Cs) of the CNTs-based supercapacitor has been measured using the cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic methods. For the scan rate, 20 mV s-1 the Cs of the CNTs-based supercapacitor was 173 F g-1. Results: Using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy the Nyquist curve has been plotted. The reactance capacitance and the equivalent series resistance of the CNTs-based supercapacitor with PVDF/PVA gel electrolytes were 90 Ω and 25 Ω respectively. Conclusion: Also, few patents for the CNTs-based supercapacitor have been reviewed and cited. The CNTs-based supercapacitor proposed a new structure solid-state and flexible supercapacitor with high performance.

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Shaabani, Narges, Nora W. C. Chan, and Abebaw B. Jemere. "A Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gel Electrochemical Sensor for Naloxone Determination." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030631.

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A molecularly imprinted sol-gel is reported for selective and sensitive electrochemical determination of the drug naloxone (NLX). The sensor was developed by combining molecular imprinting and sol-gel techniques and electrochemically grafting the sol solution onto a functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube modified indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrode. The sol-gel layer was obtained from acid catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation of a solution composed of triethoxyphenylsilane (TEPS) and tetraethoxysilane (TES). The fabrication, structure and properties of the sensing material were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. Parameters affecting the sensor’s performance were evaluated and optimized. A sensor fabricated under the optimized conditions responded linearly between 0.0 µM and 12 µM NLX, with a detection limit of 0.02 µM. The sensor also showed good run-to-run repeatability and batch-to-batch performance reproducibility with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 2.5–7.8% (n = 3) and 9.2% (n = 4), respectively. The developed sensor displayed excellent selectivity towards NLX compared to structurally similar compounds (codeine, fentanyl, naltrexone and noroxymorphone), and was successfully used to measure NLX in synthetic urine samples yielding recoveries greater than 88%.

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PIRHADY TAVANDASHTI, NAHID, and SOHRAB SANJABI. "Synthesis of Oxide Nanoparticles in Hybrid Nanocomposite Coatings as Nanoreservoirs of Corrosion Inhibitors." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 05 (January 2012): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512002073.

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Nanostructured hybrid silica/epoxy films containing boehmite nanoparticles were investigated in the present work as pretreatments for AA2024 alloy. To produce the nanocomposite sol-gel films, boehmite nanoparticles prepared from hydrolysis/condensation of aluminum isopropoxide ( AlI ) were doped into another hybrid organosiloxane sol. The produced oxide nanoparticles have the capability to act as nanoreservoirs of corrosion inhibitors, releasing them controllably to protect the metallic substrate from corrosion. For this purpose the corrosion inhibitor, cerium nitrate, was introduced into the sol-gel system via loading the nanoparticles. The morphology and the structure of the hybrid sol-gel films were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The corrosion protection properties of the films were investigated by Potentiodynamic Scanning (PDS) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the presence of boehmite nanoparticles highly improved the corrosion protection performance of the silica/epoxy coatings. Moreover, they can act as nanoreservoirs of corrosion inhibitors and provide prolonged release of cerium ions, offering a self-healing property to the film.

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Lučić Lavčević, Magdy, Aleksandra Turković, Pavo Dubček, Zorica Crnjak Orel, Bojan Orel, and Sigrid Bernstorff. "GISAXS View of Induced Morphological Changes in Nanostructured CeVO4Thin Films." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/303808.

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Nanostructured CeVO4films, designed for applications in electrochemical cells and electrochromic devices, were obtained on glass substrates by the sol-gel process. An analysis of morphological modifications in these films, induced by ultrasonication, annealing, and introduction of lithium ions, was performed, using the grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering technique (GISAXS). The GISAXS results are discussed and related with complementary examinations of the same films in real space, performed by scanning electron microscopy on a different length scale.

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WANG, S. G., Z. R. DU, C. X. KONG, P. F. LI, J. L. XU, C. X. WANG, and J. H. WANG. "PHOTOCATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF TiO2/CNTs FILMS WITH DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGY ON STAINLESS STEEL SUBSTRATES." Nano 09, no. 01 (January 2014): 1450003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292014500039.

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CNTs– TiO 2 films with different morphology were fabricated on stainless steel substrates through chemical vapor hydrolysis deposition (CVHD) process and sol–gel process, respectively. Their morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic properties of the films were tested in the degradation of methyl orange by UV light irradiation. The results revealed that TiO 2 nanoparticles could form a continuous layer on the surface of CNTs through CVHD process. While for sol–gel process, most TiO 2 nanoparticles were isolated and only a small amount of TiO 2 nanoparticles attached on the surface of CNTs. And the photocatalytic property of TiO 2/CNTs film synthesized through CVHD process was better than that of TiO 2/CNTs films synthesized through sol–gel process. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis illuminated that TiO 2/CNTs synthesized through CVHD process displayed a smaller resistance than the sample which was synthesized through sol–gel process and certified that the close combination between TiO 2 and CNTs could minimize recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, and thus promote the photocatalytic property.

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Talebi-Esfandarani, M., and O. Savadogo. "Effects of Palladium Doping on the Structure and Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4/C Prepared using the Sol-gel Method." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 17, no. 2 (May 9, 2014): 091–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v17i2.429.

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LiFePO4/C, LiFe0.98Pd0.02PO4/C, and LiFe0.96Pd0.04PO4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The effect of palladium on the structure and electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/C have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area measurement (BET), charge/discharge testing, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results indicate that palladium doping facilitates the formation of impurities, like Li3PO4. Also, the lattice parameters of the LiFePO4 structure decrease in size as the palladium content increases. In addition, the particles become larger and agglomerated by palladium incorporation. The electrochemical results show that palladium doping decreases the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C, owing to shrinking lattice parameters and the difficulty of achieving the diffusion of lithium ions into the structure during the intercalation/de-intercalation process. These results suggest that palladium doping by sol-gel method changes significantly the LiFePO4 structure which may impact it performances as cathode for the lithium ion battery applications.

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Uca, Merve, Ece Eksin, Yasemin Erac, and Arzum Erdem. "Electrochemical Investigation of Curcumin–DNA Interaction by Using Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles–Ionic Liquids Based Composite Electrodes." Materials 14, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 4344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154344.

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Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HaP) and ionic liquid (IL) modified pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) are newly developed in this assay. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were applied to examine the microscopic and electrochemical characterization of HaP and IL-modified biosensors. The interaction of curcumin with nucleic acids and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) samples was investigated by measuring the changes at the oxidation signals of both curcumin and guanine by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. The optimization of curcumin concentration, DNA concentration, and the interaction time was performed. The interaction of curcumin with PCR samples was also investigated by gel electrophoresis.

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Balaji, Jaganathan, and Tae Hwan Oh. "3-Mercaptopropanoic Acid-Doped Chitosan/Hybrid-Based Multilayer Sol-Gel Coatings for Cu Protection in 3.5% NaCl Solution." Polymers 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 3743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213743.

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In this work, biopolymer based sol-gel was synthesized by doping 3-mercaptopropanoic acid (MPA) with chitosan and a hybrid of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Prepared MPA/hybrid-doped chitosan was applied toa copper (Cu) metal surface by the self-assembly technique to protect the Cu metal from corrosion in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The structure, mechanism and morphology of the modified electrodes were examined using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The decrease in surface roughness for Hy/chitosan/MPA-coated Cu indicates the formation of a dense layer on Cu metal confirmed by AFM. The corrosion protection evaluation of sol-gel coated electrodes was analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization studies (PDS) in a 3.5% NaCl medium. The MPA/hybrid-doped chitosan sol-gel coated Cu metal showed the greatest resistance to corrosionthanother sol-gel modified electrodes. The MPA-doped-chitosan/Hy sol-gel coating protected the Cu metal by an anodic dissolution process and improved its corrosion protection to 99.9%.

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Li, Lintao, Xiaorui Li, Yiding Shen, Xuyong Chen, and Luan Jiang. "Hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance of waterborne fluorinated acrylate/silica nanocomposite coatings." e-Polymers 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2021-0079.

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Abstract This study aims to improve the hydrophobic properties and corrosion resistance of fluorinated acrylate coatings. The surface of nano-SiO2 was modified by the silicone coupling reagent (KH-570), and the reactive functional groups were introduced to modify fluorinated acrylates. The functionalized SiO2-modified waterborne fluorinated acrylate emulsion was prepared by free polymerization with dual initiators. The structure of the polymer was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectro-meter (1H-NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Waters gel chromatography (GPC). The properties of the films and coatings were analyzed by contact angle, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical analysis. The results showed that the contact angle reached 120° when the SiO2 content was 3%, the electrochemical impedance value reached 1.49 × 107 Ω·cm2, and the pencil hardness was 3H.

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Wang, Li Zhen, Kun Wang, Yong Zhang, Lin Sen Zhang, Kai Qing Zhang, and Yan Juan Han. "Study on Synthesis and Electrochemical Property of LiMnPO₄ by Microwave Method." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1299.

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The LiMnPO4cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries were synthesized by microwave processing combined with precursor synthesized by sol-gel method. The structure, surface morphology and charge-discharge performance of LiMnPO4were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical measurement respectively, and the effect of pH, microwave power and heating time on the electrochemistry properties were explored. The results show that when the pH value of the solution was kept at 9, pure phase LiMnPO4cathode material could be synthesized by microwave heating for 20 min under 480W, with a initial discharge capacity of 57.3mAh/g at 0.1C and a stable cycle ability.

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Ansari, Fahimeh, Reza Naderi, and Fahimeh Rafiaei. "Electrochemical noise assessment of effect of sol parameters on the performance of an eco-friendly silane sol-gel coating on 304L stainless steel." Pigment & Resin Technology 47, no. 5 (September 3, 2018): 444–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2017-0083.

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Propose This paper aims to access the protective function of hybrid sol-gel coatings deposited on 304L stainless steel substrate in silane solutions containing a mixture of tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane with different pH values during various immersion periods. Design/methodology/approach The 304L stainless steels coated through 10 and 30 s of immersion in the silane solutions with pH values of 2.1 and 2.8 were exposed to NaCl solution. The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was studied through taking advantage of electrochemical noise method as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle and field emission-type scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) surface analysis. Findings The electrochemical current noise, PSD (I) plot, noise resistance and characteristic charge as parameters extracted from electrochemical noise method indicated the superiority of eco-friendly silane coating deposited on the substrate surface during 10 s exposure to the solution, due to the film uniformity and homogeneity as confirmed by FESEM and AFM. Moreover, immersion of the stainless steel in the silane solution with pH 2.1, characterized by higher hydrolysis ratio, led to more effective corrosion control in the NaCl electrolyte according to the results of electrochemical noise and FTIR measurements. Research limitations/implications The noise resistance and characteristic charge as electrochemical noise parameters were only used in this research to evaluate the protective behavior of the water-based silane sol-gel coatings. Future studies should examine the correlation between electrochemical noise data and the parameters extracted from other electrochemical methods, e.g. electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Practical implications The data obtained in this research may provide an effective approach based on electrochemical noise method to screen the silane sol-gel coatings for protection of metallic substrates against corrosion. Originality/value According to the literature, no report can be found studying the effect of immersion time on a silane solution, including glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane, as well as the silane solution pH on the corrosion resistance of 304L stainless steel in NaCl solution through electrochemical noise method.

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Suryakala, K., and R. Venckatesh. "Synthesis of Nano-Crystalline LiNdxMn2-xO4Powder by Novel Cam-Microwave Assisted Sol-Gel Method." E-Journal of Chemistry 4, no. 4 (2007): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/123132.

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With the advancement of nanotechnology, there is an interest in the replacement of conventional materials by nanomaterials. There is a reasonable chance that as the active mass of electrode for lithium batteries is comprised of smaller particles, they will perform better in terms of capacity, power, rate capability and stability. LiMn2O4is inexpensive material but it shows rather poor cyclic performance. The electrochemical performance of spinel type LiMn2O4has been effectively improved with doping of Nd the “bottom–up” approach of LiMn2O4and LiNdxMn2-xO4(x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) synthesized by citric acid modified microwave assisted sol-gel method. LiMn2O4has been synthesized from nitrates and acetates. Citric acid was added as a complexing agent and acryl amide acts as a gelling agent. This technique offers better homogeneity, preferred surface morphology, reduced heat-treatment conditions, sub-micron sized particles and better crystallinity. The structure and the electrochemical performances of the samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge testing. XRD data shows both samples exhibit the same pure spinel phase. Nano crystalline LiNd0.3Mn1.7O4sample has a smaller morphology including small particle size and the homogeneous particle distribution compared to the other compositions.

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Liu, Yan Mei, Cun Liang Zhang, Shu Fang Lou, and Qing Wang. "Synthesis, Characterization and Smart-Release Organic Inhibitor for Anticorrosion Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (October 2014): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.42.

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Corrosion inhibitor-inorganic clay composite including 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) anions intercalating Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) assembled via anion-exchange reaction. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum analysing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicate that the MBI anion are successfully intercalated into the LDHs interlayer. The benzene plane is horizontal arrangement rather than vertical orientation in the interlayer spacing. The active anticorrosive property of AA2024 alloy with the active anticorrosion coating is evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sol-gel coating doped with the LDHs clearly demonstrates long-term anticorrosive performances compared to the undoped sol-gel coating, due to the release of corrosion inhibitor from the LDHs.

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Liang, Hai Xia, Run Xia Jiang, Liang Xiao, and Han Xing Liu. "Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Li_1-XNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ Thin Film Using Different Raw Material by Sol-Gel Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2259.

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Lithium-deficient thin films Li1-xNi0.5Mn0.5O2 were synthesized by sol-gel method using metal lithium, manganese and nickel acetate salts and acetylacetonate salts as started materials, respectively. The microstructures and electrochemical performance of Li1-xNi0.5Mn0.5O2 thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements. Lithium-deficient was due to the formation of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 impurities. The lithium-deficient was more seriously for SB film due to contain crystal water in the acetate salts. The raw material had great influence on the morphology of the films. The SA film had better electrochemical properties than that of SB film. The first discharge capacity was about 51 μAh/cm2-μm. After 40 cycles, 76% of its discharge capacity can be retained. The metal acetylacetonate salts without crystal water are more suitable for the preparation of LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 film by sol-gel method.

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Ragupathi, Veena, K. Srimathi, P. Panigrahi, J. W. Lee, and Ganapathi Subramanian Nagarajan. "Electrochemical Performance of Sol-Gel Derived Hexagonal LiMnBO₃ Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Nano Hybrids and Composites 17 (August 2017): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.17.106.

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An attempt has been made to synthesize hexagonal LiMnBO3 (h-LMB) through sol-gel technique. The synthesized h-LiMnBO3 have been examined for their physical and electrochemical characteristics by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Thermal analysis (TG), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy as well as through charge –discharge cycling. XRD results revealed the existence of hexagonal polymorphs with P6 space group. Stability of h-LiMnBO3 material is analyzed by thermal analysis. SEM image shows spherical shape nanoparticle with the average diameter 50 nm. Raman spectroscopy result indicates the presence of Mn-O vibration. An electrochemical study indicates the sol-gel derived hexagonal LiMnBO3 delivers a first charging capacity of 97.5 mAh g-1 and discharging capacity of 55. 85 mAh g-1 within the potential window of 2V-4.5 V at C/10 rate and retaining a reversible discharge capacity of 42.71 mAh g-1 at the 10th cycle.

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Ali Khan, Mohammad Mujahid, and Anish Khan. "Evaluation of Electrochemical Properties, Study of Chemical and Mechanical Stability Supported with Ionic Transport and Surface Charge Density Mechanism of PVC Based Cobalt Tungstate Cation Exchange Membrane." Materials Science Forum 875 (October 2016): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.875.127.

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The chemical and mechanical stability of membrane play a important role for understanding the mechanism and applications of cobalt tungstate cation exchange membrane. The PVC based cobalt tungstate (CT) membrane has been prepared by different methods like sol-gel, die-casting and others material processing techniques. It has been prepared through the mixing of PVC with cobalt tungstate into a definite ratio (1:3) that shows good mechanical stability. Moreover, the paper is concerned with physico-chemical and electro-chemical characterization of membrane, namely fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical studies. The results of characterization and electrochemical studies offered the potential industrial applications of membrane in different areas.

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Anh Tan, Ta, Nguyen Si Hieu, Le Ha Chi, Dang Tran Chien, Le Dinh Trong, and Pham Duy Long. "Structure and Electrochemical Impedance of LiNi\(_{x}\)Mn\(_{2 - x}\)O\(_{4}\)." Communications in Physics 26, no. 4 (March 6, 2017): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/26/4/8953.

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Ni-substitution spinel LiNixMn2−xO4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) materials were synthesized by the sol--gel method. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electron microscopy. The ac conduction of the materials was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The refinement results showed that the substitution of Ni decreased the lattice constant and Mn--O distance, while increased Li--O bond length and 16c octahedral volume. The EIS results confirmed the decrease of conductivity with increasing Ni substitution content. Based on XRD and EIS results, the relationship between the crystal structure and electrochemical behavior of the materials was discussed and explained.

Journal articles on the topic 'Scanning Gel Electrochemical Microscopy (SGECM)'

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