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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 22 June 2024

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1

Dinata, Alharia. "IDENTIFIKASI KERENTANAN EROSI TANAH BERDASARKAN PARAMETER MORFOMETRI DI SUB DAS KIKIM." JURNAL ILMIAH BERING'S 7, no. 02 (October 5, 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36050/berings.v7i02.275.

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Soil erosion is an environmental problem that occurs in many parts of the world because it involves ecological, social and economic aspects. Kikim sub-watershed is part of the Musi river area, most of the topographic conditions are flat slopes (54.64%), steep slopes with a total percentage of 12.81%. Meanwhile, hydrological conditions have a maximum daily rainfall with a high category so that the potential for erosion and flooding is very high. The purpose of this study was to identify soil erosion vulnerability based on morphometric parameters. The research data used DEM-SRTM 30 meters and then extracted into a map of the sub-watershed and river networks to calculate morphometric parameters. The method used was the weighted sum analysis (WSA) with a GIS application approach. The DEM data excavation found 11 (eleven) sub-watersheds with an area ranging from 81.26 km2 to 220.50 km2, and the total length of the river was 2221.24 km. Based on the weighted results of the WSA method, two sub-watersheds (SB3 and SB7) had very high soil erosion vulnerability, moderate soil erosion vulnerability in SB1, SB2, SB4, SB8, SB10, and SB11. Furthermore, the low soil erosion vulnerability (SB9), and very low soil erosion vulnerability were at SB5 and SB6. The results of this study could be used for conservation zone planning to control soil erosion.
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2

Liang, Shijie, Ying Zhou, Chao Yu, Xiang Gao, Fangbin Ji, Qianyuan Fang, Zhihang Zhang, et al. "Chinese herbal medicine combined with cognitive–behavioural therapy for avoidant paruresis: a controlled trial." General Psychiatry 36, no. 5 (October 2023): e101014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101014.

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BackgroundAvoidant paruresis is a common clinical condition in urology and psychosomatic medicine. However, it has limited treatment options that are safe and effective with few side effects.AimsOur study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the Chinese herbal Yangxin Tongquan decoction combined with cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) for avoidant paruresis.MethodsSixty-eight patients with avoidant paruresis were divided into a treatment group (33 patients) and a control group (35 patients). The control group was assigned 10 weeks of CBT and systematic desensitisation. In addition to CBT and systematic desensitisation, the treatment group was given the Chinese herbal Yangxin Tongquan decoction during the 10-week study. The Shy Bladder Syndrome Scale (SBS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were administered before and after treatment to measure any change.ResultsThe overall efficacy in the treatment group (n=30) was 80.0% vs 62.5% in the control group (n=33). Comparing pretreatment and post-treatment measures, both groups showed improvement in SBS scores and SAS scores (treatment group: t(SBS)=8.397, p(SBS)<0.001, t(SAS)=8.216, p(SAS)<0.001; control group: t(SBS)=6.802, p(SBS)<0.001, t(SAS)=5.171, p(SAS)<0.001). Moreover, both groups’ SBS and SAS scores changed significantly over time (SBS scores: Ftime=118.299, p<0.001; SAS scores: Ftime=92.114, p<0.001). However, the treatment group performed better than the control group (SBS scores: Ftime*group=5.709, p=0.020; SAS scores: Ftime*group=7.235, p=0.009).ConclusionsThe Chinese herbal Yangxin Tongquan decoction combined with cognitive–behavioural psychotherapy positively affects the treatment of avoidant paruresis without significant adverse effects.
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3

Ciplak, Ersun, and Meral Atici. "The Selfitis Behavior Scale: An Adaptation Study." European Journal of Educational Sciences 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/ejes.v8no2a29.

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This study aimed to adapt the Selfitis Behavior Scale (SBS) to measure university students' selfitis behavior in Turkey. Within the scope of the study, the SBS was translated from English to Turkish. Data were collected in the validity and reliability studies from four study groups, including 343 university students. According to the confirmatory factor analysis findings, the SBS had good fit indices. As is expected, the criterion-related validity study found moderate- and highlevel positive correlations between the SBS subscales and total scores and the Selfie Attitude Scale (SAS) subscales and total scores. The other criterion-related validity study demonstrated that individuals taking a higher number of selfies than the sum of the scale and subscales scored significantly higher than individuals taking a lower number of selfies. The internal consistency coefficient was calculated to be .92 for the SBS total score, .78 for the Environmental Enhancement Subscale (SBS-EE), .68 for the Social Competition Subscale (SBS-SC), .72 for the AttentionSeeking Subscale (SBS-AS), .84 for the Mood Modification Subscale (SBS-MM), .82 for the SelfConfidence Subscale (SBS-S), and .70 for the Subjective Conformity Subscale (SBS-SCon). The test-retest correlation values found by applying the measurement tool once in four weeks were .77 (SBS), .70 (SBS-EE), .60 (SBS-SC), .82 (SBS-AS), .80 (SBS-MM), .61 (SBS-S), and .61 (SBSSCon), respectively. The mentioned findings demonstrated that the SBS was a valid and reliable measurement tool capable of measuring the selfitis behavior of university students in Turkey.
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4

Yilmazer, Duygu, and Mehmet Kanik. "Bleaching of Wool with Sodium Borohydride." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 4, no. 3 (September 2009): 155892500900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500900400305.

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An untreated wool fabric was bleached both with sodium borohydride (SBH) in the presence of sodium bisulphite (SBS) solution and with a commercial H2O2 bleaching method. The concentration effects of SBH and SBS, bleaching time, pH and temperature on SBH bleaching process were investigated. Whiteness, yellowness and alkali solubility results were assessed for both bleaching methods. The results showed that whiteness degrees obtained with SBH bleaching was comparable with that of H2O2 bleaching method; whereas the alkali solubility values of the SBH bleaching was superior to the H2O2 bleaching.
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5

Zhulidova, M. O., O. E. Naniy, I. I. Shikhaliev, and V. N. Treshchikov. "Relationship between SBS Threshold and SBS Gain." Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 50, S9 (December 2023): S1059—S1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068335623210133.

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6

Kimura, Masao. "MS/SBS." Kobunshi 42, no. 9 (1993): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.42.760.

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7

Yamada, Tatsuo, Haruhiko Akiyama, and Patrick L. McGeer. "Two Types of Spheroid Bodies in the Nigral Neurons in Parkinson's Disease." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 18, no. 3 (August 1991): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100031838.

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ABSTRACT:Dendritic spheroid bodies (SBs) and Lewy bodies (LBs) were identified in comparable numbers in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SBC) of nine parkinsonian cases and one case of striatonigral degeneration but were not found irt cases of Huntington's disease or neurologically normal controls. The immunohistochemical profile of the SBs in dystrophic dendrites of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons was remarkably similar to that of the LBs found within dendrites or free of the SNC neuropil. Both types of inclusions stained positively with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase, ubiquitin and microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP2), and negatively for Tau-2, although they had different ultrastructural appearances. A few intracellular LBs were stained by antibodies to neurofilament proteins (NFs) 68, 160, and 200 kD, but dendritic SBs and extracellular LBs were not so stained. These data indicate that dendritic SBs and extracellular LBs may have a common molecular pathogenetic origin in Parkinson's disease. On the other hand, the SBs seen in the pars reticulata (SNR) and in the distal nigrostriatal axons even in control cases were generally stained by antibodies to NFs and ubiquitin but not to MAP2. This latter staining pattern in similar to that shown by SBs in the anterior horn in ALS and in the cerebellum of neurologically normal brains and is believed typical of axonal as opposed to dendritic SBs.
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8

Merle, T., M. Van der Swaelmen, S. Van Eck, A. Jorissen, R. J. Jackson, G. Traven, T. Zwitter, et al. "The Gaia-ESO Survey: detection and characterisation of single-line spectroscopic binaries." Astronomy & Astrophysics 635 (March 2020): A155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935819.

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Context. Multiple stellar systems play a fundamental role in the formation and evolution of stellar populations in galaxies. Recent and ongoing large ground-based multi-object spectroscopic surveys significantly increase the sample of spectroscopic binaries (SBs) allowing analyses of their statistical properties. Aims. We investigate the repeated spectral observations of the Gaia-ESO Survey internal data release 5 (GES iDR5) to identify and characterise SBs with one visible component (SB1s) in fields covering mainly the discs, the bulge, the CoRot fields, and some stellar clusters and associations. Methods. A statistical χ2-test is performed on spectra of the iDR5 subsample of approximately 43 500 stars characterised by at least two observations and a signal-to-noise ratio larger than three. In the GES iDR5, most stars have four observations generally split into two epochs. A careful estimation of the radial velocity (RV) uncertainties is performed. Our sample of RV variables is cleaned from contamination by pulsation- and/or convection-induced variables using Gaia DR2 parallaxes and photometry. Monte-Carlo simulations using the SB9 catalogue of spectroscopic orbits allow to estimate our detection efficiency and to correct the SB1 rate to evaluate the GES SB1 binary fraction and its relation to effective temperature and metallicity. Results. We find 641 (resp., 803) FGK SB1 candidates at the 5σ (resp., 3σ) level. The maximum RV differences range from 2.2 km s−1 at the 5σ confidence level (1.6 km s−1 at 3σ) to 133 km s−1 (in both cases). Among them a quarter of the primaries are giant stars and can be located as far as 10 kpc. The orbital-period distribution is estimated from the RV standard-deviation distribution and reveals that the detected SB1s probe binaries with log P[d] ⪅ 4. We show that SB1s with dwarf primaries tend to have shorter orbital periods than SB1s with giant primaries. This is consistent with binary interactions removing shorter period systems as the primary ascends the red giant branch. For two systems, tentative orbital solutions with periods of 4 and 6 d are provided. After correcting for detection efficiency, selection biases, and the present-day mass function, we estimate the global GES SB1 fraction to be in the range 7–14% with a typical uncertainty of 4%. A small increase of the SB1 frequency is observed from K- towards F-type stars, in agreement with previous studies. The GES SB1 frequency decreases with metallicity at a rate of (−9 ± 3)% dex−1 in the metallicity range −2.7 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ +0.6. This anticorrelation is obtained with a confidence level higher than 93% on a homogeneous sample covering spectral types FGK and a large range of metallicities. When the present-day mass function is accounted for, this rate turns to (−4 ± 2)% dex−1 with a confidence level higher than 88%. In addition we provide the variation of the SB1 fraction with metallicity separately for F, G, and K spectral types, as well as for dwarf and giant primaries.
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9

Wang, Hengwei, Zhe Wang, Xue Wang, Lun Wang, Yanhua Cai, Kailiang Hong, Liguo Sun, Guoming Lu, Dongyu Zhao, and Zewen Li. "Styrene–butadiene–styrene copolymer-compatibilized interfacial-modified graphene oxide with mechanical and electrical properties." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 30, no. 9 (November 26, 2015): 1228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705715618746.

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This article deals with the investigation of electrical and mechanical properties of styrene–butadiene–styrene tri-block copolymer (SBS) nanocomposites containing SBS-grafted graphene oxide (SBS- g-GO) nanofillers dispersed in the SBS matrix through a solution processing method. In order to improve the compatibility of graphene oxide in SBS, graphene oxide was modified by maleic anhydride-grafted SBS to SBS- g-GO. The SBS- g-GO were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the SBS molecules were homogeneously bonded onto the surface of the GO, leading to an improvement of the mechanical and electrical properties of SBS/SBS- g-GO composites due to the excellent interfacial adhesion and dispersion of SBS- g-GO in SBS.
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10

Chung, Thomas, and Christine Giordano. "Note from the SBS Office, Executive Director, and SBS President." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 6, no. 5 (October 2001): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705710100600501.

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11

Gong, Yafeng, Yunze Pang, Fayang Li, Weidong Jin, Haipeng Bi, and Yulin Ma. "Analysis of the Influence of SBS Content and Structure on the Performance of SBS/CR Composite Modified Asphalt." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (April 22, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5585891.

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The performance of asphalt can be improved by adding styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymer and crumb rubber (CR). This paper investigated the influence of the structure and content of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymer on the properties of SBS/CR modified asphalt (SBS/CRMA). These SBS/CRMA were prepared by mixing 90# matrix asphalt, 60 mesh CR powder, and SBS copolymers with two molecular structures, which were tested for penetration, softening point, ductility, and rheology. The complex modulus, phase angle, rutting factor, storage modulus, and dissipation modulus of SBS/CRMA were analyzed with the 64°C frequency sweep tests. The results revealed that the content and structure had significant impacts on the performances of SBS/CRMA, and the advantages of SBS polymer network structure in the modified asphalt system cannot be reflected when the amount of SBS was small. Meanwhile, the high-temperature stability, low-temperature tensile resistance, temperature sensitivity, and viscoelasticity of rubberized asphalt were further improved by adding a moderate amount of SBS copolymer. Furthermore, the properties of SBS/CRMA were better as the contents of SBS increased when the type of SBS doped was the same. The effect of modification improved by star-shaped SBS copolymer addition was more than that improved by linear SBS copolymer addition. As a conclusion, the content of 4 wt% star-shaped SBS and 20 wt% CR powder-modified 90# matrix asphalt has the best modification effect with the comparison of other groups.
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12

Zhang, Wengang, Zhirong Jia, Yixia Zhang, Kui Hu, Longting Ding, and Fang Wang. "The Effect of Direct-to-Plant Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Block Copolymer Components on Bitumen Modification." Polymers 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010140.

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Five types of material, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), ethyl-vinyl-acetate (EVA), naphthenic oil, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA-g-MAH) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were used as the raw ingredients for manufacturing direct-to-plant SBS in this paper. Thirteen kinds of direct-to-plant SBS with different EVA/SBS and naphthenic oil/SBS were prepared as well as the processes diagrammatic sketch of dispersion and swelling of direct-to-plant SBS modifier in bitumen were discussed. Microscopic images of direct-to-plant SBS modified bitumen with different components were obtained using fluorescence microscopy. The micro-images were analysed and quantified with MATLAB software. The influence of key components on the micro-morphology of direct-to-plant SBS-modified bitumen is discussed, followed with the tests on melting points and the melting indexes of direct-to-plant SBS with different EVA/SBS and naphthenic oil/SBS. The performances test of bitumen and bituminous mixture modified by these direct-to-plant SBS were also conducted. Results show that, with the ratio improvement of EVA/SBS or naphthenic oil/SBS, the number of the pixel dot number of area (SBS) in microscopic images increased. Enlargement of the pixel dot number of centre line elongate and the structure fineness was observed, indicating that the dispersion and swelling effect of the SBS modifier in bitumen had been improved. Meanwhile, the macro index, such as the melting point and melting index of direct-to-plant SBS, was also improved corresponding to the increase of EVA/SBS ratio or naphthenic oil/SBS ratio. With the addition of EVA or naphthene oil content, penetration and ductility of direct-to-plant SBS modified bitumen received gradual enhancement, but the softening point and viscosity were found out to be decreased. The high-temperature and low-temperature performances of direct-to-plant SBS modified bituminous mixture can be effectively improved by adding EVA or naphthenic oil. By meeting the required performances of direct-to-plant SBS, modified bitumen and bituminous mixture, the component of direct-to-plant SBS is recommended as, SBS:EVA:naphthenic oil:EVA-g-MAH:BHT is 1:0.1–0.5:0.05–0.2:0.03:0.05. For the compatibleness of SBS with different bitumen are different, necessary tests verification is recommended to be carried out prior to usage.
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Zhou, De Jie, and Nian Feng Han. "Effect of Micron Fly Ash and Nano Calcium Carbonate on Properties of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer Modified Asphalt." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1169.

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Composite modified asphalts with micron fly ash/SBS and nanocalcium carbonate (nanoCaCO3)/ SBS were prepared respectively by melt blending. The ageing properties and physical properties of micron fly ash/SBS and CaCO3/SBS modified bitumen were investigated. The results demonstrate that micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen exhibited an increasing softening point, a decreasing penetration and a decreasing ductility. Compared with that of SBS modified bitumen, the anti-aging property of the micron fly ash/SBS modified bitumen becomes worse. Effects of the nanoCaCO3 on the properties of SBS modified asphalt appear as a decreasing penetration, an increasing softening point, and a decreasing ductility. The anti-aging property of the CaCO3/SBS modified asphalt was better than that of the SBS modified asphalt.
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14

Zhuang, Yazhou, Jinchao Yue, Bo Men, Guoqi Tang, and Riran Wang. "Experimental Study on Mechanism, Aging and Fatigue Performance of Warm Mixing Speed Melting SBS Modified Asphalt Binders." Coatings 13, no. 2 (January 30, 2023): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020311.

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In this study, two kinds of quick melting modifier SBS-T and SBS-W, as well as the traditional SBS modifier, were used in the optimization design of asphalt binders. The changes in material structure and fatigue properties of three polymer-modified asphalt after adding 3% Sasobit to warm mix agent were investigated. The feasibility of SBS-T and SBS-W in asphalt binder was discussed from the modification mechanism and fatigue properties. In order to reveal the modification mechanism, the interaction mechanism between the fast-melting SBS modifier and the base asphalt was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The temperature sensitivity and viscoelastic properties of SBS-T and SBS-W modified binders were determined by frequency scanning (FS). The fatigue properties of SBS-T and SBS-W modified binders were tested by linear amplitude scanning (LAS). The results of FTIR showed that there was no chemical reaction between the SBS-T and SBS-W and the base asphalt. XRD results showed that SBS-W-modified asphalt has stronger fluidity. The results of FS and LAS showed that the asphalt binder with Sasobit has good stiffness and elastic recovery ability, and the same SBS-T and SBS-W have better temperature sensitivity and deformation resistance. In addition, the fatigue life of asphalt binder under the linear viscoelastic continuous damage theory is increased 3.9 times by SBS-W.
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Meneghetti, Priscila Ceolin, Junying Li, Paulo Sérgio Borella, Gustavo Mendonça, and Luiz Henrique Burnett. "Influence of scanbody design and intraoral scanner on the trueness of complete arch implant digital impressions: An in vitro study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (December 19, 2023): e0295790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295790.

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This study aimed to compare the accuracy of full-arch digital implant impressions using seven different scanbodies and four intraoral scanners. A 3D-printed maxillary model with six implants and their respective multi-unit abutments was used for this study. Seven scanbodies (SB1, SB2, SB3, SB4, SB5, SB6, and SB7) and four intraoral scanners (Primescan®, Omnican®, Trios 3®, and Trios 4®) were assessed. Each combination group was scanned ten times and a dental lab scanner (D2000, 3Shape) was used as a reference. All scans were exported as STL files, imported into Convince software (3Shape) for alignment, and later into Blender software, where their 3D positions were analyzed using a Python script. The 3D deviation, angular deviation, and linear distance between implants #3 and #14 were also measured. Accuracy was measured in terms of “trueness” (scanbody 3D deviation between intraoral scan and desktop scan). Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Bonferroni correction was used to analyze the data (⍺ = .05). The study found statistically significant differences in digital impression accuracy among the scanners and scanbodies (p<0.001). When comparing different intraoral scanners, the Primescan system showed the smallest 3D deviation (median 110.59 μm) and differed statistically from the others, while Trios 4 (median 122.35 μm) and Trios 3 (median 130.62 μm) did not differ from each other (p = .284). No differences were found in the linear distance between implants #3 and #14 between Trios 4, Primescan, and Trios 3 systems. When comparing different scanbodies, the lowest median values for 3D deviation were obtained by SB2 (72.27μm) and SB7 (93.31μm), and they did not differ from each other (p = .116). The implant scanbody and intraoral scanner influenced the accuracy of digital impressions on completely edentulous arches.
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Zhang, Xing-jun, Hui-xia Feng, Xiao-min Li, Xiao-yu Ren, Zhen-feng Lv, and Bo Li. "Effect of Material Composition on Cohesion Characteristics of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene-Modified Asphalt Using Surface Free Energy." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9832406.

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Styrene-butadiene-styrene- (SBS-) modified asphalts were prepared by mixing different base asphalts, SBS modifier, extracting oil, and stabilizing agents. The contact angles between SBS-modified asphalt and distilled water, glycerol, and formamide were detected by the sessile drop method. Based on the surface energy theory, the surface free energy and cohesive power of SBS-modified asphalt were calculated. The influence of the raw materials composition, such as the virgin asphalt and SBS modifier types as well as the extracting oil and stabilizing agent contents, on the cohesive characteristics of SBS-modified asphalt was discussed. The results showed that virgin asphalt was compatible with SBS modifiers to improve cohesiveness. The cohesive power of branched SBS-modified asphalt was larger than that of linear SBS-modified asphalt. The cohesion of SBS-modified asphalt was improved as the SBS modifier and stabilizer contents increased but was reduced for excessive extraction oil contents. The cohesive characteristics of the SBS-modified asphalt were improved by the formation of stable three-dimensional network structures by cross-linking, winding, and grafting among different raw materials.
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Han, Sen, Dong Yu Niu, Ya Min Liu, De Chen, and Deng Wu Liu. "Analysis on the Impact of the Type and Content of SBS on the Performance of the Modified Asphalt Mixture." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1079.

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The types and contents of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modifier are two important factors of SBS modified asphalt mixtures. Nowadays, SBS are extensively utilized to modified asphalt in order to improve the performance of the flexible pavement. The objective of this study is to determine a best selection of types and contents of SBS modifier, which can improve high-temperature stability; low-temperature anti-cracking performance and moisture susceptibility of SBS modified asphalt mixture. The mixtures with four types of SBS (Linear A, Linear B, Star A, Star B) and the different contents of each type SBS including Linear SBS of 0%, 3%, 4%, 4.5% and Star SBS of 0%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, were evaluated for the pavement performance of them under laboratory conditions. Wheel tracking test, beam bending test and freeze-thaw tensile strength test were chosen and carried out to determine high-temperature stability, low-temperature anti-cracking performance and the moisture susceptibility respectively. The laboratory testing results indicate that Star SBS show the more effective effects than Linear SBS to improve the high-temperature stability, low-temperature anti-cracking performance and moisture susceptibility of SBS modified asphalt mixture, and the optimum content of SBS can also play a key role the improvement of the pavement performance.
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Meharry, MR, SM Moazzami, and Y. Li. "Comparison of Enamel and Dentin Shear Bond Strengths of Current Dental Bonding Adhesives From Three Bond Generations." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): E237—E245. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-521-l.

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SUMMARY Objective: Durability is still a major challenge in adhesive dentistry. One of the biggest areas of development has been to simplify the bonding process by using all-in-one adhesives. The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) to dentin and enamel of nine dental bonding agents (DBAs) from three generations after simulated aging. Methods and Materials: For this study, 108 sound extracted human molars were randomly assigned to nine groups (n=12). The sample teeth were mounted in self-cure acrylic resin sectioned to provide paired enamel and dentin samples. All samples were polished with 240 and 600-grit silicon carbide sandpaper and randomly grouped according to the product and substrates (enamel or dentin). Herculite Ultra resin composite cylinders were bonded on each test surface, stored in 100% humidity at 37°C for 24 hours, and then thermocyled for 1,000 cycles at 5°C and 55°C. SBS testing was performed using an Ultratester at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical analysis included two-factor analysis of variance, one-sample Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the Scheffe post hoc test at an alpha level of 0.05 using SAS version 9.2. Results: Significant differences in SBS were observed between the sixth- and seventh-generation DBAs (p=0.002) but not between the sixth- and fourth-generation DBAs. Scheffe post hoc tests for the sixth-generation DBAs showed that some DBAs yielded significantly higher enamel SBS than others, but not as much as dentin SBS. As for the seventh-generation DBAs, similar post hoc tests showed significant variations in SBS between substrates (enamel and dentin) and DBAs tested. Significant main effects were also found for the different substrates for the fourth-generation (F[1,96]=10.532; p=0.003) and seventh-generation (F[1,96]=22.254; p&lt;0.001) DBAs, but not for the sixth-generation DBAs (F[1,96]=1.895, p=0.172). The SBS was higher on dentin than enamel for the fourth- and seventh-generation DBAs. Conclusion: As expected, fourth- and sixth-generation DBAs generally showed stronger SBS values than the seventh-generation all-in-one DBAs. The new sixth-generation DBA OptiBond XTR (Kerr) showed strong SBS values to both substrates and performed well in comparison to the other DBAs tested.
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Han, Nian Feng, De Jie Zhou, and Xin De Tang. "Preparation and Properties of OMMT/ SBS Modified Bitumen." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.852.

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Organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT)/SBS modified bitumen composites were prepared by melt intercalation. The physical properties and ageing properties of OMMT/SBS modified bitumen were investigated. The results showed that OMMT/SBS modified bitumen exhibited a decreasing penetration, an increasing softening point, and a decreasing ductility. Compared with that of SBS modified bitumen, the OMMT /SBS modified bitumen can enhance the aging resistance of SBS modified bitumen.
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20

Han, Nian Feng, De Jie Zhou, and Xin De Tang. "Effect of Nano Calcium Carbonate and Montmorillonite on Properties of Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Copolymer Modified Asphalt." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 1035–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.1035.

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Composite modified asphalts with nano calcium carbonate (nano CaCO3)/ SBS and nano montmorillonite (nano MMT)/SBS were prepared respectively by melt blending. Rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) was carried out to study the aging properties. The results demonstrate that CaCO3/SBS and MMT/SBS homogeneously disperse in the base asphalt, which lead to an improvement in terms of toughness, strength, and thermal stability. Effects of the nano CaCO3 and nano MMT on the properties of SBS modified asphalt appear as a decreasing penetration, an increasing softening point, and a decreasing ductility. The anti-aging property of the nano MMT/SBS modified asphalt was better than that of the CaCO3/SBS modified asphalt and SBS modified asphalt.
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Xu, Song, Yong Fan, Zhengang Feng, Yunbin Ke, Canlin Zhang, and Heyao Huang. "Comparison of quantitative determination for SBS content in SBS modified asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 282 (May 2021): 122733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122733.

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Sun, Da Quan, Li Wen Zhang, and Xiao Ling Zhang. "Quantification of SBS Content in SBS Polymer Modified Asphalt by FTIR." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.953.

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The content SBS plays an important role on the performances of its modified asphalt. Traditional methods which were based on the differences of performances and molecular weight couldn’t quantify SBS content accurately. On the basis of FTIR analysis of SBS, the characteristic peak combination of modified asphalt that could be possibly used for quantitative analysis was summarized. According to theory of Lambert-Beer’s law, a relationship of absorbance ratio and content of mass was deduced. Considering the physical property of SBS polymer modified asphalt and coefficient of variation of specimens, the standard method to prepare SBS polymer modified asphalt for FTIR test was established. Then, regression coefficients were tested for significances combining with theoretical equation and linear programming method, the optimum characteristic peak ratio combination for quantification was designated. Finally, a reasonably accurate and precise method to quantify SBS content is achieved, and the author expected the research could provide the guidance for quantification of polymer content in polymer modified asphalt through this paper.
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Wei, Chuanwen, Haihui Duan, Henglong Zhang, and Zihao Chen. "Influence of SBS Modifier on Aging Behaviors of SBS-Modified Asphalt." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 31, no. 9 (September 2019): 04019184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002832.

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Li, Jiang Ting, Xiao Bin Han, San Peng Mao, Gui Tao Zheng, and Jian Ying Yu. "Effect of Chemical Corrosion on Properties of SBS Modified Bitumen for Waterproofing Membranes." Materials Science Forum 1035 (June 22, 2021): 958–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1035.958.

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SBS modified bitumen membrane used in underground engineering and coastal buildings would be corroded by chemical media, which greatly influenced the service life of waterproofing membranes. In this paper, SBS modified bitumen (MB), SBS modified bitumen with stone powder (MBS) and SBS modified bitumen with talc powder (MBT) were corroded by acidic, alkaline, and saline solutions for different time to evaluated the effect of chemical corrosion on the properties of SBS modified bitumen waterproofing membrane. The mass change ratio, low temperature flexibility, softening point and viscosity of SBS modified bitumen were investigated, and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the chemical structural changes of SBS modified bitumen after corrosion. The results showed that the mass of SBS modified bitumen decreased, the low temperature performance decreased, and the softening point increased after corrosion by chemical solutions. The influence of acidic and saline solution was more serious on SBS modified bitumen with fillers, and the properties of MBS has greatest degradation in acidic solution compared with MB and MBT. In alkaline solution, the properties degradation of MBT and MBS was less than that of MB, which indicated that filler could inhibit the alkaline corrosion of SBS modified bitumen. FTIR showed that C=C decreased more in acidic solution, while C=O and S=O of SBS modified bitumen increased significantly after alkaline solution corrosion, which indicated that acidic solution corrosion easily caused SBS degradation, while alkaline solution corrosion was easy to oxidize SBS and bitumen.
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Pan, Wei, and Jing Wu. "Application of High Strength Additives in SMA Asphalt Mixture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.370.

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At present, SMA mixture generally to the use of SBS modified asphalt, especially in the area of expressway construction in our country, but in recent years, the use of SBS modified asphalt has some problems, for example: SBS of storage stability of modified asphalt is a difficult problem, because SBS and asphalt compatibility between components of the difference, the modified agent and asphalt separation, reduces the performance of SBS modified asphalt; SBS modified asphalt in the stored procedure, the performance will decay, even if not stop stirring, decay cannot avoid, also influence the effect of the use of SBS modified asphalt.
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Zhang, Hong Gang, Qiang Huai Zhang, Xue Ting Wang, Hua Tan, Li Ning Gao, and Dong Wei Cao. "Compatibility and Storage Stability of Asphalt Binder Modified by Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Graft Copolymer." Materials Science Forum 1036 (June 29, 2021): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1036.459.

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A styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) was grafted with an unsaturated polar monomer (monomer A) composed of maleic anhydride (MAH) and methoxy polyethylene (MPEG) via a ring-opening reaction after epoxidizing styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (ESBS). The microscopic changes of SBS before and after grafting has been characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results revealed that the monomer A was successfully grafted on SBS backbone, and the maximum graft ratio (GR) was 20.32%. To verify the compatibility between SBS and asphalt, solubility parameters and surface free energy (SFE) of SBS, grafted SBS and asphalt were measured. It was found that the solubility parameter and SFE of grafted SBS were closer to asphalt compared with SBS. It also has been confirmed from storage stability that the temperature susceptibility of grafted SBS modified asphalt was reduced in compare with SBS modified asphalt binder. As consequence, the use of grafted copolymer can be considered a suitable alternative for modification of asphalt binder in pavement.
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Wang, Peng, Ze-jiao Dong, and Zhi-yang Liu. "Influence of Carbon Nanotubes on Morphology of Asphalts Modified with Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2632, no. 1 (January 2017): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2632-14.

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The main challenge of asphalt modified with styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) during storage and application is the phase separation of SBS-rich phases and asphaltene-rich phases. These phases have a close relationship with the morphology of SBS-modified asphalt [SBS–polymer-modified binders (PMBs)]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were selected in this paper to provide different morphology of SBS-PMBs with CNTs. The morphology was composed of SBS-rich phases, asphaltene-rich phases, and their interphase, captured from fluorescence microscopy (FM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The components and morphologies of the interface on a molecular scale were obtained by molecular dynamic simulation. The results from FM images showed an increase in the relative content of SBS-rich phases as the amount of CNTs increased, highlighting CNTs’ positive role in the compatibility of SBS and asphalt. Mixing CNTs with a mechanical stirrer provided a larger size of SBS-rich phases than that of SBS-PMBs in AFM images using an ultrasound performed on an interpenetration network of AFM and FM images, whereas mixing with an extruding machine resulted in an orange-skin morphology in FM images. The results from SEM demonstrated that CNTs changed the interface of SBS-PMBs by pullout behaviors. The results from the molecular dynamic simulation showed that SBS intertwined or surrounded CNTs to improve their interaction. Saturate, aromatic, and resin were absorbed into the tube of CNTs. Therefore, CNTs had a positive action on the interaction between SBS and asphalt because they acted as a bridge to link the different phases, finally reinforcing the interface of SBS-PMBs.
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Zeng, Yuqin, Qicheng Liu, Qing Zeng, Yuhao He, and Zhenghong Xu. "Research on the Mechanism of Interaction between Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene (SBS) and Asphalt Based on Molecular Vibration Frequency." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020358.

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Based on the four-component theory of asphalt, molecular models of the saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene were constructed, respectively. The styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) polymer was used as the modifier. Using density functional theory (DFT) to study the effect of SBS on the molecular vibration of each component of asphalt, the vibration spectrums and binding energy of the systems composed of SBS and each component molecule of asphalt were calculated. Prepared SBS modified asphalt and measured Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after the experiment. The results show that after SBS was added to asphalt, no chemical reaction occurred, and the system was mainly physical blending. The vibrational peak intensity of SBS and the light components of asphalt (saturate and aromatic) is stronger than that of SBS and the heavy components of asphalt (resin and asphaltene). The interaction strengths of asphalt components and polybutadiene (PB) blocks, polystyrene (PS) blocks of SBS are different. The binding energy of SBS and the saturate is the lowest and the bonding of the system is weakest. The bonding of the systems of SBS and the aromatic, resin, asphaltene is stable, and the stability of these systems are all stronger than that of SBS and the saturate.
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Rivera, Jared, Aiswariya Deliephan, Janak Dhakal, Charles Gregory Aldrich, and Kaliramesh Siliveru. "Significance of Sodium Bisulfate (SBS) Tempering in Reducing the Escherichia coli O121 and O26 Load of Wheat and Its Effects on Wheat Flour Quality." Foods 10, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071479.

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The occurrence of recalls involving pathogenic Escherichia coli-contaminated wheat flours show the need for incorporating antimicrobial interventions in wheat milling. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of sodium bisulfate (SBS) tempering in reducing E. coli O121 (ATCC 2219) and O26 (ATCC 2196) wheat load and to evaluate the impact of effective (≥3.0 log reductions) SBS treatments on wheat flour quality. Wheat grains were inoculated with E. coli (~6 log CFU/g) and tempered (17% moisture, 24 h) using the following SBS concentrations (%wheat basis): 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5% SBS. Reductions in E. coli O121 and O26 wheat load at different time intervals (0.5, 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) during tempering were evaluated. The addition of SBS during tempering resulted in E. coli (O121 and O26) log reductions of 2.0 (0.5% SBS) to >4.0 logs (1.5% SBS) (p ≤ 0.05). SBS tempering (1.25 and 1.5% SBS) produced acidic wheat flours (pH = 4.51–4.60) but had comparable wheat flour properties in terms of composition, dough, and bread-making properties relative to the control (0% SBS). SBS tempering reduced the E. coli O121 and O26 load of wheat after tempering with minimal effects on wheat flour quality.
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Liu, Wenyue, Chuanfeng Zheng, Haisong Luo, Xue Yang, and Zhi Lin. "Study on SBS Optimal Block Ratio Based on Molecular Simulation." Polymers 14, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 4894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224894.

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The block ratio of SBS is an important factor influencing the swelling effect of modified asphalt, but the effect of the block ratio in the swelling process cannot be accurately studied by macro testing. In order to solve this problem and screen out the optimal SBS block ratio, molecular models of asphalt and SBS with different block ratios were established by molecular simulation technology at the microscopic level, and an asphalt–SBS interaction layer system was established on this basis. The diffusion and adhesion effects of SBS with different block ratios were evaluated by calculating the immersion depth, diffusion coefficient, and adhesion work of SBS in asphalt. The results show that SBS has a physical cross-linking reaction with asphalt during swelling, and SBS with a higher butadiene block ratio exhibits a deeper immersion depth; thus, SBS with a 3/7 block ratio has the best performance in the modification process, which is superior to SBS with other block ratios, in terms of both the diffusion and adhesion effect. The performance of asphalt modified by SBS with different block ratios was tested using penetration, softening point, and ductility, and the results were consistent with the simulation results, which proved the reliability of the microscopic conclusions from a macro perspective.
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Zhang, Wengang, Fang Wang, Jun Shi, Zhongmei Li, and Xiaofei Liang. "Experimental Study on Nano-Parameters of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Block Copolymer Modified Bitumen Based on Atomic Force Microscopy." Polymers 11, no. 6 (June 4, 2019): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11060989.

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In this paper, an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to study the nano-morphology characteristics of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) modified bitumen. The effects of SBS content and short-term aging on the nano-morphology parameters of bitumen were studied. The correlation between nano-morphology parameters and main pavement performances of SBS modified bitumen was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of SBS content, the average area of bee-like structure and the proportions of bee-like structure area of SBS modified bitumen increases gradually, the roughness of the whole image and the roughness of the lightweight component region decreases gradually, but the increasing or decreasing trend is no longer obvious when the content of SBS is more than 4%. The maximum height difference of SBS modified bitumen is linear with the content of SBS. The larger the content of SBS, the smaller the influence of short-term aging on the nano-morphology of SBS modified bitumen. The penetration degree will decrease and the softening point will increase with the increase of the proportion of bee-like structure area of SBS modified bitumen. The ductility will decrease with the increase of the roughness of the lightweight component region. The ductility and the Brookfield viscosity will increase with the increase of the maximum height difference. The research results provided a reference for defining quantifiable nano-parameters of SBS modified bitumen and establishing the relationship between nano-parameters and pavement performances.
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32

Xie, Fang, Yiming Zhang, Krzysztof Przystupa, and Orest Kochan. "A Knowledge Graph Embedding Based Service Recommendation Method for Service-Based System Development." Electronics 12, no. 13 (July 4, 2023): 2935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132935.

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Web API is an efficient way for Service-based Software (SBS) development, and mashup is a key technology which merges several web services to deal with the increasing complexity of software requirements and expedite the service-based system development. The efficient service recommendation method is vital for the software development. However, the existing methods often suffer from data sparsity or cold start issues, which should lead to bad effects. Currently, this paper starts with SBS development, and proposes a service recommendation method based on knowledge graph embedding and collaborative filtering (CF) technology. In our model, we first construct a refined knowledge graph using SBS-service co-invocation record and SBS and service related information to mine the potential semantics relationship between SBS and service. Then, we learn the SBS and service entities in the knowledge graph. These heterogeneous entities (SBS and service, etc.) are embedded into the low-dimensional space through the representation learning algorithms of Word2vec and TransR, and the distances between SBS and service vectors are calculated. The input of recommendation model is SBS requirement (target SBS), the similarities functional SBS set is extracted from knowledge graph, which can relieve the cold start problem. Meanwhile, the recommendation model uses CF to recommend service to target SBS. Finally, this paper verifies the effectiveness of method on the real-word dataset. Compared with the several state-of-the-art methods, our method has the best service hit rate and ranking quality.
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Susik, Agnieszka, Agata Rodak, Javier Cañavate, Xavier Colom, Shifeng Wang, and Krzysztof Formela. "Processing, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of GTR Modified by SBS Copolymers." Materials 16, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051788.

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In this work, ground tire rubber (GTR) was thermo-mechanically treated in the presence of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymers. During preliminary investigation, the effects of different SBS copolymer grades, the variable content of SBS copolymer on the Mooney viscosity, and the thermal and mechanical properties of modified GTR were determined. Subsequently, GTR modified by SBS copolymer and cross-linking agents (sulfur-based system and dicumyl peroxide) was characterized by assessment of rheological, physico-mechanical, and morphological properties. Rheological investigations showed that linear SBS copolymer, with the highest melt flow rate among studied SBS grades, was the most promising modifier of GTR, considering processing behavior. It was also observed that an SBS improves the thermal stability of the modified GTR. However, it was found that higher content of SBS copolymer (above 30 wt%) does not bring any effective changes and, for economic reasons, is inefficient. The results showed that samples based on GTR modified by SBS and dicumyl peroxide have better processability and slightly higher mechanical properties compared to samples cross-linked by a sulfur-based system. This is due to the affinity of dicumyl peroxide to the co-cross-linking of GTR and SBS phases.
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Yu, Shijie, Xiaoxiao Yang, Hui Zhou, Zhongchao Tan, Kunlin Cong, Yanguo Zhang, and Qinghai Li. "Thermal and Kinetic Behaviors during Co-Pyrolysis of Microcrystalline Cellulose and Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Triblock Copolymer." Processes 9, no. 8 (July 30, 2021): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081335.

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The interaction between various municipal solid waste components is very important for the actual solid waste treatment process. Microcrystalline cellulose (MC) and styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) are important components of municipal solid waste. In this paper, co-pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of MC and SBS with different heating rates were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer. The overlap ratio was defined to evaluate the interaction between MC and SBS. The results showed that the decomposition temperature of MC was lower than that of SBS during pyrolysis. The interaction between MC and SBS, an inhibitory effect, was most significant when the MC mass fraction was 70% with an overlap ratio of 0.9764. SBS had almost no effect on the pyrolysis temperature of MC, while MC delayed the pyrolysis of SBS. Adding MC in SBS can significantly reduce the energy required for the reaction.
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Zhang, Qingle, Yiqing Shao, Chengmeizi Wang, Lu Wang, Huimin Zhou, and Xin Xia. "Preparation of fluorine-free anti-acid and breathable composite fabric based on modified SBS/pitch electrospun nanofibers." Textile Research Journal 91, no. 13-14 (January 20, 2021): 1535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520982588.

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To develop a fluorine-free material of acidproof and breathable fabric, styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) blended with pitch was directly deposited on polyester/cotton blended fabric through electrospinning to fabricate a nanofibrous membrane composite fabric. Acrylic acid (AA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were used to graft SBS to improve compatibility between SBS and pitch, and the modified temperatures were set at 40°C, 60°C and 80°C. The effects of different grafting monomers and temperatures on the properties of SBS/pitch membrane composite fabrics were explored by Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis; morphological structures, acid-resistant properties and breathability (vapor permeability and air permeability) were also examined. The results showed that modified SBS/pitch membrane composite fabrics possessed good acid resistance and modest breathability. SBS-g-MMA/pitch (means SBS grafted by MMA) exhibited the highest acid resistance due to more evenly distributed beads than original SBS/pitch membrane composite fabrics and higher roughness than SBS-g-AA/pitch (means SBS grafted by AA) membrane composite fabrics. By systematically changing the grafting temperature, SBS-g-MMA/pitch membrane composite fabrics for which SBS was grafted by MMA at 80°C presented appropriate air permeability (120.5 mm/s), modest water vapor transport rate (13,656.45 g/(m2·d)), good tensile strength (1203 N) and bursting strength (616 N), and the best acid resistance (143°); meanwhile the acid penetration level reached level 3, which was attributed to the low surface energy caused by the fused ring from the pitch and the rough surface caused by the micro-beads in the nanofibers. The obtained modified SBS/pitch membrane composite fabric could be potentially applied in acidproof fabrics.
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Lu, Youfu, Nan Shi, Mingming Wang, Xinyang Wang, Liyang Yin, Qiang Xu, and Pinhui Zhao. "Research on the Preparation of Graphene Quantum Dots/SBS Composite-Modified Asphalt and Its Application Performance." Coatings 12, no. 4 (April 11, 2022): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12040515.

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This study aims to prepare a graphene quantum dots (GQDs)/styrene-butadiene segmented copolymer composite (GQDs/SBS) as an asphalt modifier using the Pickering emulsion polymerization method. The physicochemical properties of the GQDs/SBS modifier and their effects on asphalt modification were investigated. In addition, the GQDs/SBS modifier was compared with the pure SBS modifier. Research results demonstrated that GQDs could be evenly dispersed into the SBS phase to form a uniform composite. Adding GQDs brings more oxygen-containing functional groups into the GQDs/SBS modifier, thus strengthening the polarity and making it disperse into the asphalt better. Compared with the SBS modifier, the GQDs/SBS modifier presents better thermostability. Moreover, GQDs/SBS composite-modified asphalt achieves better high-temperature performance than SBS-modified asphalt, which is manifested by the increased softening points, complex shear modulus and rutting factors. However, the low-temperature performance decreases, which is manifested by reductions in cone penetration, viscosity and ductility as well as the increased ratio between creep stiffness (S) and creep rate (m), that is, S/m. Furthermore, adding GQDs can improve the high-temperature performance of asphalt mixture, but it influences low-temperature and water stability slightly. GQDs/SBS also have the advantages of simple preparation techniques, low cost and are environmentally friendly. Therefore, they have become a beneficial choice as asphalt cementing material modifiers.
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Wu, Hongjuan, Peng Chen, Chengqin Chen, and Wei Zhang. "Effect of Aromatic Petroleum Resin on Microstructure of SBS Modified Asphalt." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5136748.

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In this paper, aromatic petroleum resin (APR) was used as raw material. The fluorescence microscopic photography of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) modified asphalt with different contents of APR was carried out, and the effect of APR on the dispersion of SBS modified asphalt was quantitatively studied. The nano-surface morphology of SBS modified asphalt with different APR contents was tested by atomic force microscope (AFM), and the effects of APR content on AFM nanoscale parameters such as roughness and maximum amplitude were analyzed. In addition, this paper also tested the basic technical indexes of SBS modified asphalt with different APR contents and revealed its improvement law on the pavement performance of SBS modified asphalt. The results show that the use of APR is beneficial to the shearing of SBS into smaller particles. The larger the amount of APR, the smaller the maximum particle size and average particle size of SBS in asphalt and the smaller the roughness and maximum amplitude of SBS modified asphalt. APR can improve the viscosity and low-temperature ductility of SBS asphalt to a certain extent. High-temperature storage stability is improved obviously; SBS modified asphalt mixed with APR has a more dense spatial cross-linking structure after thorough development. The research results are helpful to reveal the mechanism of APR improving the performance of SBS polymer asphalt.
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Ribeiro, Alline Emannuele Chaves, Aryane Ribeiro Oliveira, Ana Caroline Mendes da Silva, Marina Costa Garcia, Keyla de Oliveira Ribeiro, Márcio Caliari, and Manoel Soares Soares Júnior. "High fiber content snack bars made with maize biomass flour, rice flakes and oat flakes: Physicochemical properties and sensory acceptance." Food Science and Technology International, March 7, 2022, 108201322210851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10820132221085154.

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The aim of this study was to assess physicochemical properties and sensory acceptance of snack bars (SBs) made with different levels of maize biomass flour (MBF), rice flakes (RF) and oat flakes (OF). A simplex design was used, with 6 mixtures and 2 repetitions. The different levels of MBF, RF and OF used in the SBs influenced all physicochemical properties evaluated (moisture, water activity, specific volume, hardness and instrumental color). SB4 (containing 14.85:5:10.85% of MBF:RF:OF, respectively) and SB6 (containing 14:8:8% of MBF:RF:OF, respectively) were the closest to the desirable formulation according to the desirability diagram for the physicochemical properties of the SBs. SB1 (containing 20:5:5% of MBF:RF:OF, respectively) was also selected for sensory analysis as it showed the highest MBF content among all formulations. None SBs presented a microbiological risk. The SB6 presented the highest sensory acceptance and purchase intent, highlighting its rich content of dietary fiber (16.45 ± 0.1 g 100 g−1) and protein (7.04 ± 0.02 g 100 g−1) besides its low-calorie characteristic (1421.22 kJ 100 g−1/339.68 kcal 100 g−1). The development of SBs using MBF is feasible in relation to their physicochemical and sensory properties, which can stimulate the sustainable production of new goods from this by-product.
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"SBS Inc." Metal Finishing 97, no. 9 (September 1999): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(01)80390-1.

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"“SBS Belgium”." IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 47, no. 3 (April 18, 2016): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40319-016-0468-7.

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41

Rehman, Asia, Naoki Yamamoto, Muhammad Oneeb Rehman Mian, Nourredine Idris-Khodja, Tlili Barhoumi, Anne E. Kwitek, Pierre Paradis, and Ernesto L. Schiffrin. "Abstract 257: Mapping of Chromosome 2 Regions Linked to Vascular Inflammation using Congenic Rats." Hypertension 62, suppl_1 (September 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.62.suppl_1.a257.

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Background: Chromosome 2 introgression from normotensive Brown Norway rats (BN) into hypertensive Dahl salt sensitive (SS) background (consomic SB2) reduced vascular inflammation and restored Treg function. We hypothesized that the BN chromosome 2 contains genes that reduce vascular inflammation, which could be mapped using congenic rats containing different portions of BN chromosome 2 on the SS background. Methods: Twelve-to-13 week old male BN, SS, SB2, congenic (SB)A, SBB and SBE rats fed normal salt diet were studied. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by telemetry. Aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and fibronectin expression, collagen content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined. Spleen Treg (CD4 + CD25 hi ) and CD4 + CD25 - T lymphocytes were characterized and cultured. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17 and IL-6 were measured in culture media. Results: SS, SB2 and SBE exhibited 20 mmHg higher SBP compared to BN, SBA, and SBB ( P <0.05). Aortic and perivascular ROS production and aortic VCAM-1 expression were ≥2.7- and ~1.5-fold greater, respectively, in SS and SBB ( P <0.05) compared to BN, SB2, SBA and SBE. Aortic media collagen content was 3-fold greater in SS and 1.7-fold in SB2 and SBB ( P <0.05) compared to BN, SBA and SBE. Aortic fibronectin expression was ~1.5-fold higher in SS and SBE ( P <0.05) compared to SB2 and SBA or BN. The percentage of spleen CD4 + CD25 - cells was higher in SS, SB2 and SBE (~16%) compared to BN, SBA and SBB (~12%, <0.05). Treg percentage was lower in SBA (2%) compared to SS and SB2 (3%, P <0.05). CD4 + CD25 - from SS or SBB secreted less TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 (≤141, 1428 and 13 pg/10 5 cells, respectively, P <0.05), compared to SB2 and SBE (~320, 2350 and 50 pg/10 5 cells, respectively) or BN (458, 3552 and 57 pg/10 5 cells, respectively). Treg IL-10 and IL-17 production was higher in SB2 (9597 pg/10 5 cells), and SS and SB2 (>90 pg/10 5 cells), respectively ( P <0.05), compared to congenic rats (~2540 and 23 pg/10 5 cells, respectively) or BN (2497 and 9 pg/10 5 cells). Conclusion: Some genes regulating vascular injury and inflammatory responses are contained within the fragment of BN-chromosome 2 present in congenic SBA and SBE rats.
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"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 8, no. 1 (January 2003): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911503008001015.

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"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 1, no. 2 (March 1996): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719600100210.

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"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 1, no. 3 (April 1996): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719600100311.

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"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 1, no. 4 (June 1996): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719600100410.

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46

"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2, no. 1 (February 1997): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719700200110.

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47

"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2, no. 2 (March 1997): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719700200212.

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48

"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2, no. 4 (June 1997): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719700200412.

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49

"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 3, no. 1 (February 1998): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719800300111.

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50

"SBS Member News." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 3, no. 2 (March 1998): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108705719800300210.

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