Dissertations / Theses: 'SBBs'

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Sjövall, Sigstedt Anita, and Philip Turner. "Svenskt barnbildarkiv (SBBA) : Barnbilder, bildindexering och digitalisering." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20499.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the possibilities and challenges facing an archive, Svenskt barnbildarkiv (SBBA), if to publish its material online. Our context for this study is image indexing. Our main questions are: How can SBBA index their pictures for a possible publication on the Internet? Are there any pros or cons in the determination of topics in children’s images, and in that case, which? What search paths are important when indexing children’s pictures, and why are they important? To answer these questions, the thesis is built on a wide study of interdisciplinary literature. But also on SBBA: s own handbook for image “registration”, and on interviews with the persons working at the archive SBBA, in Eskilstuna. If SBBA was to publish its material online, our opinion is that it would be preferable if this process mainly was carried out with the researchers’ perspective in mind. There is a discussion on general, standardized indexing guidelines. We however feel that it is difficult to agree on such general indexing guidelines for specific image material as children’s drawings and paintings. To attract the larger audience, a solution of automatic indexing could be a future path to travel for SBBA. We think that the focus on index image’s motives is not always the most appropriate. There are other aspects of images that can be indexed and provide search paths in image collections, image's history, technology and materials are examples of alternative paths. We believe that a user study would have much to contribute in order to further identify critical search paths.
Program: Bibliotekarie

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Albarici, Fabio Luiz. "Posicionamento relativo: análise dos resultados combinando as observáveis L1 dos satélites GPS e SBAS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-01062011-135146/.

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Os sistemas de aumento, conhecidos como SBAS (Satellite-Based Augmentation System) fornecem informações de integridade e acurácia em tempo real para seus usuários, utilizando-se das correções diferenciais que são transmitidas pelos satélites geoestacionários e estão disponíveis em algumas regiões do globo terrestre. Fora da sua região de abrangência o sistema ainda não disponibiliza os dados de correção em tempo real. Entretanto, o sinal é transmitido na mesma frequência L1 do GPS, o qual fica disponível aqui no Brasil, e alguns receptores GNSS possuem canais de frequência especifica que captam este sinal, com a perspectiva de que os dados destes satélites melhoram as condições do rastreio, além da melhoria na acurácia das coordenadas. Partindo deste princípio, foi utilizada a observável fase da onda portadora (L1) para inferir sobre a sua contribuição para o posicionamento. Os rastreios foram realizados em diferentes localidades devido à elevação dos satélites SBAS variar em função da latitude e longitude. Contudo, este estudo foi direcionado para os dados dos satélites PRN 138 (WAAS), PRN 120 e 124 (EGNOS), pois foram os únicos visíveis durante todo o rastreio, tendo simultaneidade dos dados entre os receptores base e móvel. Durante a etapa de processamento, o qual foi utilizado o software GNSS Solution, alguns experimentos foram realizados, tais como: 1) Processamento com todas as observáveis L1 dos satélites disponíveis (GPS e SBAS), análise dos desvios-padrão e comparação das coordenadas obtidas com as consideradas verdadeiras; 2) Processamento sem as observáveis L1 dos satélites SBAS, análises e comparações; 3) Retirada gradativa dos satélites GPS e reprocessamento em conjunto (GPS+SBAS) e separadamente (apenas GPS). A finalidade principal desses experimentos foi verificar a potencialidade da observável L1 dos satélites SBAS processadas em conjunto com a observável L1 do GPS, no posicionamento relativo. Análises estatísticas, como tendência e erro médio quadrático (RMS), foram aplicadas para verificar a existência de erros sistemáticos e a acurácia das coordenadas. Os resultados mostram que, especificamente nos locais de rastreio, as observáveis L1 dos satélites SBAS ao serem adicionados ao processamento, combinado com as observáveis L1 dos satélites GPS, não são determinantes para melhoria da acurácia das coordenadas.
The augmentation systems, known as SBAS (Satellite-Based Augmentation System) provide information for completeness and accuracy in real time to its users, using the differential corrections that are transmitted by geostationary satellites. They are available in specific regions of the globe such as USA, Canada and Europe. Outside their region of coverage the system still does not provide the correction data in real time. However, the signal is transmitted at the same frequency L1 GPS, which is available here in Brazil, and some GNSS receivers have specific frequency channels that capture this signal, with the prospect that the data from these satellites improve the conditions of screening, besides improving the accuracy of the coordinates. With this assumption, we used the observed phase of the carrier wave (L1) to infer its contribution to the placement. The surveys were conducted in various locations due to rising SBAS satellites vary with latitude and longitude. However, this study was directed to the data from the WAAS satellites (PRN 138) and EGNOS (PRN 120 and 124) because they were the only visible throughout the screening taking simultaneity between the base and mobile receivers. During the processing stage, which was used the software GNSS Solution, some experiments were performed, such as: 1) Processing with all the L1 observable from available satellites (GPS and SBAS), analysis of standard deviations and comparison of the coordinates obtained with the true, 2) processing without observable L1 SBAS satellites, analysis and comparisons, 3) gradual withdrawal of the GPS satellites and reprocessing together (GPS + SBAS) and separately (GPS only). The main purpose of these experiments was to investigate the potential of the L1 observable processed SBAS satellites together with GPS L1 observable in the relative positioning. Statistical analysis such as trending and root mean square (RMS) were applied to verify the existence of systematic errors and accuracy of these coordinates. The results show that, specifically at sites of screening, the observables L1 SBAS satellites to be added to the processing, combined with the L1 observable GPS satellites, are not decisive for improving the accuracy of the coordinates.

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Wong, Chi Chown. "Function of the SBDS gene in Dictyostelium discoideum." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611479.

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Guay, Jean-Christophe. "Récepteur SBAS-GNSS logiciel pour des applications temps-réel." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/642/1/GUAY_Jean%2DChristophe.pdf.

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Le positionnement par satellites est à un point déterminant de son existence. La modernisation des systèmes américain (GPS – Global Positioning System) et russe (GLONASS - GLObal Navigation Satellite System) ainsi que la venue des systèmes européen (Galileo) et chinois (COMPASS) permettront une multitude de nouvelles applications. Ce regroupement de systèmes de positionnement par satellites (GNSS - Global Navigation Satellite System) ainsi que le système d’augmentation du GPS (SBAS - System Based Augmentation System) permettront d’améliorer l’intégrité, la disponibilité, la précision et la vulnérabilité électromagnétique. Afin de profiter au maximum de ces nouveaux signaux, les récepteurs GNSS devront être repensés. L’objectif de ce mémoire consiste à développer un récepteur multifréquence SBAS-GNSS logiciel pour des applications en temps-réel afin de tirer profit de ces nouveaux signaux GNSS. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une architecture de canal BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) satisfaisant plusieurs signaux GNSS a été implémentée. Ces signaux sont : GPS L1 C/A, GPS L2C, SBAS L1, SBAS L5, GLONASS L1 et GLONASS L2. De plus, ce mémoire se concentre aussi sur l’implémentation d’une solution SBAS complète permettant d’améliorer la précision de la solution de navigation. Le canal générique BPSK réalisé permet de poursuivre à la perfection les signaux GPS L1 C/A, SBAS L1, SBAS L5, GLONASS L1, GLONASS L2, COMPASS B1 et COMPASS B2 couvrant ainsi toute la bande GNSS de 1176 MHz à 1602 MHz. Ce canal BPSK ne dégrade aucunement les performances du récepteur SBAS-GNSS comparativement à un canal GPS L1 C/A. En fait, la précision horizontale est passée de 2,3 m à 1 σ à 1,1 m à 1 σ avec quelques ajustements mineurs. De plus, l’implémentation d’un algorithme de lissage via la porteuse améliore cette précision jusqu’à 0,96 m à 1 σ. Le cercle de probabilité de 50% (CEP) pour cette solution lissée est de 0,62 m et celui de 95% de probabilité (R95) est de 2,21 m. Finalement, l’implémentation de la solution SBAS améliore ces performances à 0,73 m à 1 σ, à un CEP de 0,44 m et à un R95 de 1,4 m. Bref, une amélioration de 70% peut être observée entre les travaux précédents et ceux actuels lorsque l’on en compare les performances à 1 σ. De plus, les nouveaux canaux et algorithmes ont également été testés en dynamique. Une amélioration de 5 % peut être observée sur l’écart-type de l’erreur relative à une solution Real-Time Kinematics (RTK).

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Kinns, H. J. "Mapping the molecular structure of the S-layer protein SbsB." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19488/.

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Surface layer (S-layer) proteins form 2-dimensional crystalline structures at the cell surface of most eubacteria and all archaea. S-layers are generally composed of a single self-assembling (glyco)protein species and can fulfil a number of roles including shape maintenance, exo-enzyme adhesion, and virulence promotion. Engineered S-layers carrying functional inserts at high density also show potential in nanotechnology. However, there is currently no complete structure at atomic resolution available for any S-layer protein. This work is engaged in the (i) structural elucidation of the SbsB S-layer protein of Geobacillus stearothermophilus by determining the surface location of individual residues. A cross-linking screen was used to analyse 23 cysteine residues, known to be surface accessible in the monomer, with respect to their position within the assembled S-layer. The study was able to distinguish between eight residues that are positioned close to the subunit-subunit interface and 10 residues located at the cell-wall facing inner surface. The assay also confirmed the previous assignment of four residues to the outer ambient-exposed surface. The tolerance of the individual sites to insertion of a short peptide sequence was investigated to (ii) create chimeric S-layer proteins for nanobiotechnological applications and (iii) advance the structural elucidation of SbsB. Insertion mutagenesis at nine of the surface sites led to mutants of conserved tertiary structure, of which six were assembly-positive. The six proteins provide model constructs for the incorporation of functional tags into S-layer arrays for nanobiotechnology application as high-density vaccine carriers. The mutagenesis screen also revealed three mutants of conserved tertiary structure but of assembly-negative phenotype. The potential of forming 3D crystals for X-ray crystallography was tested with one mutant yielding small crystals. In conclusion, my work has advanced the understanding of the molecular structure of S-layer proteins and provided the basis for future structural investigations.

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Ludäscher, Nadine Liechti Charles. "Pauschalstädtereisen versus Individualstädtereisen : am Beispiel SBB Reisebüro /." Bern : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.wirtschaft.bfh.ch/uploads/tx_frppublikationen/liecchar.pdf.

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Nogueira, Helton Pereira 1986. "Compósitos baseados em grafite/grafite reconstituído e elastômero SBS." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248755.

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Orientador: Maria Isabel Felisberti
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
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Resumo: As cargas de carbono, tais como grafite, nanotubos de carbono, fulerenos e mais recentemente o grafite tem atraído a atenção de inúmeros pesquisadores, que buscam formas de aproveitar suas excepcionais propriedades elétricas no desenvolvimento de compósitos com potenciais aplicações nas áreas de sensores eletroquímicos, células solares, barreira eletromagnética entre outras. Neste trabalho teve-se como objetivo o desenvolvimento de compósitos baseados em poli(estireno-co-butadieno-co-estireno) ¿ SBS e as cargas de carbono, grafite e grafite. Para tanto, o grafite foi obtido pela oxidação do grafite empregando-se a metodologia de Hummers, seguida de redução por hidrazina. Os compósitos de grafite e "grafite¿ foram preparados por mistura mecânica e por casting de soluções em diferentes solventes na faixa de composição de 0,5 a 10 % em massa de carga. O processamento mecânico resultou em compósitos que apresentaram comportamento mecânico dependente do tipo e quantidade de carga. Porém, esses compósitos apresentaram-se como isolantes elétricos devido a não formação de uma rede de percolação. A matriz de SBS nos compósitos obtidos por casting apresentou morfologia dependente do solvente empregado, o que se deve aos parâmetros de solubilidade dos solventes e dos blocos de poliestireno e polibutadieno do SBS, e a dispersão da carga pela matriz foi mais uniforme do que no caso de compósitos preparados por mistura mecânica, promovendo uma melhora nas propriedades mecânicas e conferindo propriedades de condução elétrica
Abstract: Carbon fillers such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and currently graphene have attracted the attention of many researchers, due to their exceptional and useful electrical properties for the development of composites with potential applications in electrochemical sensors, solar cells, electromagnetic barrier, and so on. The objective of the herewith work is the development of composites made up of poly(styrene-co-butadiene-co-styrene) ¿ SBS and carbon fillers (graphite or graphene). The graphene was obtained by oxidation of the graphite by the Hummers¿ method, followed by hydrazine¿s reduction. The graphite and graphene - based composites were prepared by melt compounding and by solvent casting using different organic solvents in a composition range of 0,5 to 10% in weight of filler. The results showed that the melt compounding produced composites with mechanical properties dependent on the type and amount of filler. Also, these composites behave as electrical insulators due to the absence of percolation thresholds. The morphology of SBS matrix in the composites obtained by solvent casting is determined by the organic solvent, more specifically by the interaction paramenter of solvent and of the polybutadiene and polystyrene blocks of the SBS. The filler dispersion throughout the matrix in the composites obtained by solvent-casting was more uniform than the dispersion level in the composites obtained by melt compounding. Therefore, the first materials showed higher mechanical performance and electrical conducting
Mestrado
Físico-Química
Mestre em Química

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Maharajh, Nirupa. "Effect of Feed Rate and Solid Retention Time (SRT) on Effluent Quality and Sludge Characteristics in Activated Sludge Systems Using Sequencing Batch Reactors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36107.

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A critical element to the successful operation of activated sludge systems is efficient solid liquid separation achieved by bioflocculation. Bioflocculation refers to the process of microbial aggregation to form activated sludge flocs, dependent on the interaction of exocellular polymeric substances (EPS) to form the matrix that holds microbes, other organics and inorganic particles in a flocculent mass. Numerous factors affect bioflocculation; two key parameters are the Solid Retention Time (SRT) and the substrate loading rate. The latter is related to the two basic designs in activated sludge bioreactor configurations: the Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) and the Completely Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). PFR systems have a high substrate loading rate, whereas CSTRs have a low substrate loading rate. Research has shown that the PFR configurations produce better sludge quality, in terms of settleability and dewaterability, and subsequently better effluent quality than CSTR systems. In this experiment, the effect of SRT and substrate loading rate on activated sludge was investigated using bench scale SBRs. PFR and CSTR configurations were simulated by adjusting the fill period to be shorter or longer respectively. A series of SBRs were operated, each with an operating volume of 6L, to obtain data for PFR (fast feed) versus CSTR (slow feed) configurations at 10 Day, 5 Day and 2 Day SRTs. Effluent quality was monitored by measuring effluent TSS, VSS, total and soluble COD and soluble biopolymers. Sludge quality was monitored for the aerobic phase by measuring total and suspended solids, total and suspended volatile solids, Sludge Volume Index (SVI), Capillary Suction Time (CST) and Zeta Potential. Anaerobic digestibility was measured for the sludge produced in these systems by measuring gas production, similar to estimating biogenic methane potential (BMP) and determining short term odor productions, specifically Total Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds (TVOSCs). As expected the change in feeding pattern and SRTs affected the effluent and sludge quality during the aerobic operation phase. Effluent quality was found to be better for the fast feed system at all SRTs, with all monitored parameters being of similar or significantly lower concentration than for the slow feed system. In terms of sludge quality, the fast feed system was found to retain more of its biomass in solution, indicating better flocculation and settleability in this system. COD was given a lower rank as an effluent quality indicator, since the 5 Day and 2 Day SRT datasets did not correlate well with other datasets, specifically effluent TSS and biopolymers. The data was included because it is believed that the trends were accurate representations of fast versus slow feed system behavior. The trends were comparable to those of effluent TSS and solution biopolymer datasets. In terms of anaerobic digestion potential, the fast feed sludge exhibited greater volumetric gas production per gram of solid at the 5 and 2 Day SRTs. Gas production was similar for both systems at the 10 Day SRT. Total and Volatile Solid reduction were however found to be higher for the slow feed sludge than for the fast feed. This may indicate higher gas and potential odor production per gram of solid degraded for the fast feed sludge. This theory is supported by the odor analyses, which revealed that the fast feed sludge had a higher TVOSC production at each SRT. This was related to the higher protein content of the sludge, indicated by the effluent biopolymers being much higher in protein content than carbohydrates. Shearing, which is part of the solids handling process at most plants, releases these proteins and makes them bioavailable, allowing them to be oxidized to produce TVOSCs and hence higher odors. In conclusion it was found that the fast feed effluent and sludge quality appeared to be overall better at each SRT simulated; the higher TVOSC content may indicate a problem with solids handling, but research has shown that these can be overcome with the addition of iron. Additionally, both systems, the fast and slow feed systems operated better at longer SRTs, with the fast feed system performing better in all cases. The difference was not completely significant in all cases and this is attributed to being a by-product of operating at the optimal M:D salt ratio. This project has strength in terms of its potential for large scale applications. SRT is the considered the most important design parameter and one of the more complicated parameters to manipulate due to its widespread effect on reactor behavior, specifically sludge and effluent quality. Additionally, the fast feed versus slow feed concept is one that has been gaining significant interest, since bioreactor configuration impacts the effluent and sludge quality. Feed configurations have been investigated more frequently within the past decade. The novel approach taken by this project is that it combines these two parameters, both of which are important to large scale plants, both industrial and municipal.
Master of Science

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Contreras, Exequiel, Trond Karlsen, and Juan Fco Urmeneta. "Plan de Negocios para la Empresa "SBS Consulting"." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114372.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Administración
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La compañía “SBS Consulting” (SBS = “Social Balance Solutions” en inglés y “Soluciones Balance Social” en castellano) será una empresa consultora especializada en gestión de personas, ubicada en Santiago de Chile. La Compañía proveerá servicios especializados de medición del nivel de compromiso, grado de motivación, satisfacción y actitudes de los empleados respecto de la empresa en que trabajan. La compañía también proveerá asesoría de análisis de los resultados de los servicios de medición que realice y asesoría en la implementación de mejoras. Este servicio de medición será entregado en forma periódica, de tal forma que los efectos de las mejoras que se implementen y otros cambios sociales sean detectados oportuna y adecuadamente. La técnica de medición estará basada en una metodología simple y única desarrollada y perfeccionada por el Sr. Juan Fco. Urmeneta a través de su trabajo como gerente de Recursos Humanos en la Asociación Chilena de Seguridad (ACHS) con una dotación de 3.600 trabajadores aproximadamente distribuidas en todas las regiones del país. ACHS es la principal mutualidad privada del país, administradora del seguro contra accidentes del trabajo y enfermedades profesionales, que entrega servicios de prevención de riesgos, salud ocupacional preventiva y curativa y pago de las prestaciones económicas a los trabajadores, que sufren un infortunio laboral. La empresa “SBS Consulting” cooperará con ACHS y ofrecerá sus servicios a las empresas asociadas de tamaño mediano y grande. La empresa “SBS Consulting” al disponer dentro de sus fundadores al Sr. Urmeneta, aprovechará en forma importante su experiencia adquirida durante más de 20 años administrando el Balance Social en una gran empresa con sucursales a lo largo de todo el país. La metodología ha sido denominada “Balance Social” y ha demostrado disponer de una gran eficiencia para ayudar en el aumento de la productividad de las personas, ahorro de costos asociados a la gestión de personas (Ej. Compensaciones y Entrenamiento, entre otros) disminución de costos de reclutamiento, retención de empleados claves, como también mejoras sustanciales en el nivel de reputación de las empresas, dónde esta metodología se ha aplicado, en forma profesional, con el apoyo decidido de la alta dirección de las mismas. ACHS ha sido reconocida dentro de las 25 mejores empresas para trabajar en Chile, en 3 oportunidades en los últimos 4 años y como la empresa N° 1 de las empresas calificadas dentro del ranking el mejor lugar de trabajo para las mujeres, el 2003 y la N° 3 el 2004. El activo uso de la metodología aportada por el Balance Social por la administración de la ACHS, se estima que ha sido la causa fundamental que le ha permitido lograr estas prestigiosas distinciones, entre otras, y alcanzar la más alta productividad del sistema mutual en forma reiterada. Esta metodología ha sido implementada en dos empresas clientes de la ACHS, cinco han solicitado el servicio y varias otras (más de veinte) han hecho ver su interés en recibir este servicio. En consecuencia, existe un mercado potencial más que razonable para crear una empresa que otorgue el servicio de confección del Balance Social.

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Markotsis, Martin G. School of Chemical Engineering &amp Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Morphological studies of sbs based interpenetrating polymer networks." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32833.

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Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS) block copolymers and polystyrene (PS) were prepared using sequential network formation with the polybutadiene (PB) of the SBS crosslinked thermally and the styrene network formed thermally or by ??-radiation. The use of ??-radiation to cure the added PS network at room temperature successfully avoided thermal degradation of the butadiene segments within the SBS which had been observed in earlier studies. Both linear SBS and radial SB4 IPNs were studied to compare the influence of linear or branched block copolymers on the IPN morphology. The molecular morphology was examined using a suite of techniques including thermal analysis (DSC and DMA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and smallangle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS). The primary SBS/SB4 network morphology was found to dominate the IPN morphology with the secondary styrene network limited to selectively swelling the PS domains. The linear SBS IPNs displayed a more ordered morphology than the radial SB4 IPNs, and this morphology was investigated in pseudo three-dimensions by sectioning samples in two perpendicular directions. The morphology was found to be consistent with thermally formed systems prepared in previous studies, and contained styrenic domains of 20-50 nm within a continuous butadiene matrix. The weight of evidence suggested that the lamella structure dominated the linear SBS IPNs and a cylindrical structure for the radial SB4 IPNs. Maximum values of tensile strength and elongation at break (20 MPa and 140% respectively) were observed in samples with a styrene cure ??-radiation dose of 200 kGy. The SANS analysis of these polymer systems was expanded to investigate the thermal formation of the added PS network in real time. Time-resolved SANS allowed the development of nanostructures in the bulk samples to be measured, and compared to previous time-independent TEM studies on thin sections. The formation of the styrene network was most noticeably observed in a linear SBS IPN system, in which an increase in long-range order was observed and attributed to movement of styrene monomer into the styrenic domains and sharpening of the phase boundaries between the PS and the PB regions.

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Machado, Ronaldo Zamiro. "Asfalto modificado com polimero SBS para pavimentos drenantes." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267009.

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Orientador: Wagner dos Santos Oliveira
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica
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Resumo: O polímero SBS - Estireno-Butadieno-Estireno tem sido muito empregado para modificar o asfalto, tanto para pavimentação como para aplicações industrial. Nessa pesquisa foi abordado o estudo do asfalto modificado com polímeros SBS, apresentando comportamento melhor que asfalto convencional, mostrando-se como o polímero se comporta ao ser misturado com o asfalto e quais características são melhoradas. O asfalto modificado com polímero SBS tem uma vida útil muito superior ao asfalto convencional, ressaltando os pavimentos drenantes, que pelos seus vazios por onde escoam a água oferece maior segurança, durabilidade, conforto, menos custos com manutenção, tempo ganho com viagens mais rápidas, menos estresse, vidas poupadas, e com tudo isso, alertar as autoridades governamentais e concessionárias de rodovias que é necessário investirem mais com esses materiais de melhor qualidade, visto que na Europa e Estados Unidos já se apiicam muito o asfalto modificado com SBS. Porém foi verificado também que nem todos os trechos das rodovias podem ser usados os pavimentos drenantes e quais os pavimentos então que devem ser usados nesses trechos. Foi feito também um comparativo entre custos e benefícios de asfaltos modificados com polímero e asfaltos convencionais
Abstract: The polymer SBS - Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene has been very employed to modify the asphalt, for paving and for industrial applications. In that research the study of the asphalt was approached modified with polymer SBS, presenting better behavior than I asphalt conventional, being shown as the polymeric behaves when being mixed with the asphalt and which characteristics are gotten better. The asphalt modified with polymeric SBS it has an useful life very superior to the conventional asphalt, pointing out the drain pavements, that for your emptiness through where it drains the water it offers larger safety, durability, comfort, less costs with maintenance, time branch with trips faster, less stress, saved lives, and with all this to alert the government authorities and concessionary of highways that it is necessary to invest more with those materials of better quality, because in Europe and United States it is already applied a lot the asphalt modified with SBS. However it was also verified that nor all spaces of the highways can be used the drain pavements and which the pavements then that should be used in those spaces. It was also made a comparative one between costs and benefits of asphalts modified with polymeric and conventional asphalts
Mestrado
Ciencia e Tecnologia de Materiais
Mestre em Engenharia Química

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Minčík, Igor. "Problematika zavedení IFR provozu na malá letiště v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232112.

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This master‘s thesis is focused on the evaluation of conditions for IFR operations in the Czech Republic and their neighbours. The thesis is also focused on evaluation of posibilities of IFR navigation for small airports. In this context part of thesis is dedicated to a modern way of navigation using GNSS.

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Carini, Diane. "Treatment of industrial wastewater using chemical-biological sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) processes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13431.

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Halldén, Tom Halldén. "Measuring coastal erosion along the coast of Ystad municipality using PSInSAR and SBAS." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141076.

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In this study the use of two radar interferometry methods, PSInSAR and SBAS, were tested as tools for measuring coastal erosion. If successful it would have allowed for measuring coastal erosion as a function of material lost. The study area used was Ystad municipality, in southern Sweden. Radar data for the study was provided by the ESA, the European space agency, from their ERS-2 and ENVISAT satellites, spanning the period 1998-2005. Unfortunately, even after many different configurations of settings were tested, the results indicated that both methods are very unsuited for use in rural areas such as Ystad, whether for measuring coastal erosion or otherwise. Both methods had severe problems achieving significant coverage after low coherence areas were masked out, and PSInSAR suffered from several anomalies. This is likely due to the highly vegetated nature of the landscape, which results in low coherence through temporal decorrelation. Of the two methods SBAS showed the most promise, but not nearly enough to be considereduseful. It is, based on the scientific literature, possible that simpler interferometry methods might have been more useful. This, and other possible ways to improve the results is something that this study discusses at length.

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Abreu, Flávia Oliveira Monteiro da Silva. "Blendas de polipropileno com elastômeros termoplásticos tipo SBS e SEBS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4517.

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Neste trabalho, foram preparadas blendas de polipropileno (PP) com elastômeros termoplásticos (TPE) tipo SBS (poliestireno-bloco-polibutadieno-blocopoliestireno) e tipo SEBS (poliestireno-bloco-poli(etileno-co-butileno)-blocopoliestireno) a fim de se avaliar a influência do tipo e concentração de elastômero nas propriedades do polímero final. Foram utilizados como matrizes de polipropileno um homopolímero (PP-H) e um copolímero aleatório de propileno-co-etileno (PP-R). A fim de avaliar o efeito da presença de um agente nucleante na matriz PP-R, algumas blendas de PP-R/TPE foram preparadas utilizando-se dibenzilideno sorbitol (DBS). Os resultados mostraram que o TPE teve efeito nucleante na cristalização do PP, aumentando a temperatura de cristalização (Tc) e estreitando o pico de fusão, sendo que o SBS teve um maior efeito do que o SEBS em ambas matrizes, resultando em maiores valores de Tc. Embora o efeito de nucleação possa mudar a cristalinidade da matriz na blenda, as propriedades mecânicas foram mais suscetíveis às alterações na morfologia ou dispersão do TPE nas matrizes de PP. Estudos de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) mostraram que as morfologias das blendas com TPE apresentaram-se diferenciadas, dependendo do tipo e principalmente da quantidade adicionada de TPE em cada matriz. Na matriz PP-H observou-se um maior número de domínios de TPE do que nas matrizes PP-R e PP-RN O tamanho médio dos domínios elastoméricos nas blendas PP/SEBS foram menores e mais bem dispersos do que nas blendas PP/SBS, resultando em um material com melhor resistência ao impacto à baixa temperatura. Ensaios de tensão-deformação mostraram que a adição dos TPES diminui a tensão no escoamento e o módulo de Young para todas matrizes, aumentando o alongamento na ruptura de forma mais significativa no caso das blendas PP-R/TPE. Ambos TPES tiveram igual influência nas propriedades de tração, especialmente com a matriz PPR, mostrando que ambos elastômeros podem ser usados como modificadores de impacto, em diferentes formulações que atendam aplicações específicas de mercado.

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Lucena, Maria. "Caracterização química e reológica de asfaltos modificados por polímeros." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2080.

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LUCENA,M.C.C. Caracterização química e reológica de asfaltos modificados por polímeros . 2005. 163 f. Tese (Doutorado em Química Inorgânica) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2005.
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Neste trabalho foi realizado o estudo da caracterização quimica e reologica do cimento asfaltico produzido recentemente no pais, oriundo de petroleo do Campo Fazenda Alegre, no estado do Espirito Santo. Para efeito de comparação, tambem foram estudados os asfaltos da refinaria Vale do Paraiba e os estrangeiros arabe e venezuelano. Os asfaltos foram modificados por incorporação dos polimeros SBS e EVA, e os efeitos resultantes da modificação foram avaliados. Os parâmetros investigados visaram a avaliação de problemas usuais como: deformação permanente, trincas termicas e oxidação. Os polimeros foram caracterizados atraves de termogravimetria e calorimetria exloratoria diferencial e por espectroscopia no infravermelho. Os asfaltos puros e modificados foram caracterizados por espectroscopia no infravermelho, ressonância magnetica nuclear, calorimetria exploratoria diferencial, termogravimetria e cromatografia de permeação em gel. A composição quimica foi realizada atraves do fracionamento SARA e teor de enxofre. Ensaios empiricos como ponto d amolecimento, penetração e retorno elastico tambem foram realizados. As propriedades reologicas foram avaliadas através da viscosidade absoluta e de ensaios dinâmico-mecânicos. O envelhecimento oxidativo dos asfaltos foi avaliado a partir da analise dos espectros no infravermelho e de ressonância magnética nuclear, alem da variação do modulo complexo de cisalhamento dinâmico. Observou-se que os asfaltos brasileiros diferem em relação aos teores de carbonos aromáticos, quando comparados com o asfalto árabe. Alem disso, apresentam comportamento diversos frente à presença de oxigênio. Nos asfaltos modificados pos SBS, o ensaio de calorimetria exploratória diferencial mostrou uma diminuição na transição vítrea do material. A presença do SBS aumentou a resistência do asfalto ao processo oxidativo. A adição do SBS e do EVA provocou um aumento da viscosidade do asfalto de forma não linear indicando que os polímeros não são aditivos inertes. O comportamento Newtoniano não foi verificado para os ligantes modificados. Ensaios dinâmicos-mecânicos demonstraram que o SBS elevou o grau de desempenho dos ligantes. Os ensaios com as aparas da industria de calçados (EVA), indicaram uma melhoria na elasticidade do ligante.

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Villi, Filippo. "Analisi dei fenomeni franosi lenti nell'abitato di Gaggio Montano mediante interferometria radar." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10134/.

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I movimenti lenti delle colate in terra sono una caratteristica geomorfologica comune nell’Appennino settentrionale e sono uno dei principali agenti di modellazione del paesaggio. Spesso case e piccoli centri abitati sorgono in zone affette da questo tipo di movimento franoso e di conseguenza subiscono danni causati da piccoli spostamenti. In questo lavoro di Tesi vengono presentati i risultati ottenuti dall’interferometria radar ad apertura sintetica (InSAR) mediante elaborazione tramite StaMPS (Stanford Method of Persistent Scatterers), utilizzando la tecnica avanzata Small Baseline Subset (Berardino et al., 2002). Questo metodo informatico è applicato alle acquisizioni rilevate dai satelliti Envisat e COSMO-SkyMed in orbita ascendente e discendente, ottenendo una copertura di dati che va dal 2004 al 2015, oltre ad un rilevamento geologico-geomorfologico in dettaglio eseguito nell’area di studio. Questa tecnica di telerilevamento è estremamente efficace per il monitoraggio dei fenomeni di deformazione millimetrica che persistono sulla superficie terrestre, basata sull'impiego di serie temporali d’immagini radar satellitari (Ferretti et al., 2000). Lo studio è stato realizzato nel paese di Gaggio Montano nell’Appennino bolognese. In questa zona sono stati identificati diversi corpi di frana che si muovono con deformazioni costanti durante il tempo di investigazione e grazie ai risultati ottenuti dai satelliti è possibile confrontare tale risultato. Gli spostamenti misurati con il metodo InSAR sono dello stesso ordine di grandezza dei movimenti registrati dai sondaggi inclinometrici. Le probabili cause dell’instabilità di versante a Gaggio Montano sono di natura antropica, in quanto alti tassi di deformazione sono presenti nelle zone dove sorgono case di recente costruzione e complessi industriali. Un’altra plausibile spiegazione potrebbe essere data dalla ricarica costante d’acqua, proveniente dagli strati dei Flysch verso l’interno del complesso caotico sottostante, tale dinamica causa un aumento della pressione dell’acqua nelle argille e di conseguenza genera condizioni d’instabilità sul versante. Inoltre, i depositi franosi rilevati nell’area di studio non mostrano nessun tipo di variazione dovuta ad influenze idrologiche. Per questo motivo le serie temporali analizzare tendo ad essere abbastanza lineari e costanti nel tempo, non essendo influenzate da cicli stagionali.

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Kazasi, Anna. "Evaluation of gasoline-denatured ethanol as a carbon source for wastewater denitrification." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76940.

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Methanol (MeOH) is a common external carbon source for wastewater denitrification, because of its low cost and low sludge yield. Ethanol (EtOH), on the other hand, is more expensive, but yields higher denitrification rates. This study introduces gasoline-denatured ethanol (dEtOH), which is now being produced in large quantities for the production of E10 gasoline, as an alternative carbon source. The gasoline added, as the denaturant, is known as "straight-run" gasoline; a lower grade material that contains mostly aliphatic compounds, but lacks the components that normally boost the octane rating, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX). Herein are presented the results of using dEtOH, EtOH (95.5% ethanol-4.5% water) and MeOH for denitrification in lab-scale, sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). We also focused on the quantification of BTEX present in dEtOH solution and the inhibition potential of these compounds on both nitrification and denitrification. BTEX content in the dEtOH solution had low and consistent concentration. Ethylbenzene and o-xylene were not detected in the reactor. The removal rates of benzene, toluene and m-xylene were 3.1°1.4, 3.4°1.9 and 0.6°0.4 ?g/L·h, respectively. BTEX were not detected in the effluent and did not inhibit nitrification and denitrification. The denaturant did not affect biomass production or the settling properties of the sludge. The yield (COD/NOx-N) and denitrification rates of dEtOH were similar to those of EtOH and higher than those of MeOH. The cost of dEtOH ($0.91//lb NO??-N removed) is slightly higher than that of methanol ($0.74/lb NO??-N removed). Using dEtOH as an external carbon source is, therefore, very promising and utilities will have to decide if it is worth paying a little extra to take advantage of dEtOH's benefits.
Master of Science

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Kvíčala, Aleš. "Možnosti zvyšování výkonnosti GNSS pro zajištění provozu RNP-RNAV." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227982.

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The goal of this thesis is to analyze current requirements of navigation system RNP RNAV. Particularly is behaving about estimation current ways and description of future improving GNSS performance. In submitted thesis is describes present evolution of area navigation and required navigation performance RNP. The next part deals with the common access how to raise the performance parameters, their estimation and also description how it'll be solve in future systems.

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Sandsjö, Agnes, and Emelie Wiklund. "Sustainable Business Models in Start-ups : The process of creating and implementing SBMs successfully." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172728.

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Sustainability issues have been a popular and important topic on the world’s agenda the recent years, which has caused businesses to follow the policies of operating more sustainable. One of the latest introduced guidelines is the Global Goals imposed by the United Nations to be met by 2030. In light of these goals, awareness regarding sustainability issues among consumers and other stakeholders has increased, leading to that change is inevitable for businesses to start operating sustainably. The concept of sustainable business model innovation therefore becomes relevant. There is a lot of research regarding sustainable business model innovation. However, the research is heavily focusing on theoretical aspects of it, and less is given to the practical creation and implementation of sustainable business models. Further, less focus is given to start-up companies specifically. Due to the identified research gap, this study aims to answer the research question: “How can start-ups successfully create and implement sustainable business models to become an established actor on its specific market?” The purpose of this study is to create an understanding and contribute with extended knowledge of how sustainability is practiced in start-ups. More specifically, how sustainable business models are created and implemented in start-ups. A qualitative abductive approach was used to fulfill this purpose. Additionally, six semi-structured interviews were conducted with founders of start-ups and business coaches from Swedish incubators, which were structured based on the themes from the Lean Start-up Framework (LSF). This framework, along with the Triple Layered Business Model Canvas (TLBMC) showed to be of importance after the theoretical review. The key findings retrieved displayed that the LSF is suitable to describe the sustainable start-up process as well. Yet, the TLBMC needs to be integrated to fulfill the purpose of sustainability. Further, the benefit versus impact is shown to be of great importance whereas the framework’s components were modified in that sense as well in those cases needed. This study theoretically contributes to extended knowledge and additional components of the Lean Start-up framework that are advocated to be crucial to create a sustainable business model. These additional components are further of value for the existing field of research. Practically, by the extended and modified framework, it offers valuable insight for entrepreneurs with a business idea where the purpose is to offer a sustainable value proposition. Lastly, this study contributes to a social level by providing guidelines on the implementation of sustainability in the business model, leading to the encouragement to operate sustainably and towards a better environment and society.

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Lucena, Maria da ConceiÃÃo Cavalcante. "Chemical and rheological characterization of an asphalt cement(AC)modified polymers." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1417.

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Neste trabalho foi realizado o estudo da caracterizaÃÃo quimica e reologica do cimento asfaltico produzido recentemente no pais, oriundo de petroleo do Campo Fazenda Alegre, no estado do Espirito Santo. Para efeito de comparaÃÃo, tambem foram estudados os asfaltos da refinaria Vale do Paraiba e os estrangeiros arabe e venezuelano. Os asfaltos foram modificados por incorporaÃÃo dos polimeros SBS e EVA, e os efeitos resultantes da modificaÃÃo foram avaliados. Os parÃmetros investigados visaram a avaliaÃÃo de problemas usuais como: deformaÃÃo permanente, trincas termicas e oxidaÃÃo. Os polimeros foram caracterizados atraves de termogravimetria e calorimetria exloratoria diferencial e por espectroscopia no infravermelho. Os asfaltos puros e modificados foram caracterizados por espectroscopia no infravermelho, ressonÃncia magnetica nuclear, calorimetria exploratoria diferencial, termogravimetria e cromatografia de permeaÃÃo em gel. A composiÃÃo quimica foi realizada atraves do fracionamento SARA e teor de enxofre. Ensaios empiricos como ponto d amolecimento, penetraÃÃo e retorno elastico tambem foram realizados. As propriedades reologicas foram avaliadas atravÃs da viscosidade absoluta e de ensaios dinÃmico-mecÃnicos. O envelhecimento oxidativo dos asfaltos foi avaliado a partir da analise dos espectros no infravermelho e de ressonÃncia magnÃtica nuclear, alem da variaÃÃo do modulo complexo de cisalhamento dinÃmico. Observou-se que os asfaltos brasileiros diferem em relaÃÃo aos teores de carbonos aromÃticos, quando comparados com o asfalto Ãrabe. Alem disso, apresentam comportamento diversos frente Ã presenÃa de oxigÃnio. Nos asfaltos modificados pos SBS, o ensaio de calorimetria exploratÃria diferencial mostrou uma diminuiÃÃo na transiÃÃo vÃtrea do material. A presenÃa do SBS aumentou a resistÃncia do asfalto ao processo oxidativo. A adiÃÃo do SBS e do EVA provocou um aumento da viscosidade do asfalto de forma nÃo linear indicando que os polÃmeros nÃo sÃo aditivos inertes. O comportamento Newtoniano nÃo foi verificado para os ligantes modificados. Ensaios dinÃmicos-mecÃnicos demonstraram que o SBS elevou o grau de desempenho dos ligantes. Os ensaios com as aparas da industria de calÃados (EVA), indicaram uma melhoria na elasticidade do ligante.
This work presents a study on chemical and rheological characterization of an asphalt cement (AC) recently produced in Brazil, originated of petroleum of the field of Fazenda Alegre at the state of EspÃrito Sa nto. A second Brazilian petroleum and also a foreign one were also studied, and their respective asphalts were compared to the Fazenda Alegre AC. The effect of polymers such as SBS and EVA on the chemical and rheological behavior of the investigated ACs was also object of the study. Typical pavement distresses were considered, such as permanent deformation, thermal cracking and oxidation. The polymers were examined using therm ogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry and also infrared spectroscopy. Base and modi fied asphalt cements were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nucl ear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calori metry and gel permeation chromatography. The chemical composition was found by the SARA method a nd the sulfur amount. Empirical tests such as softening point, penetration and elastic recovery were also performed. Rheological properties were determined by the absolute viscosity and dynamic mechanical analyses. The oxidative aging of asphalts was analyzed by the infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance as well by the variati on of complex shear modulus. The observed structural characteristics show ed that the Brazilian asphalt has a different structure when compared to foreign asphalts, evidenced by a different amount of aromatic carbon. In addition, the asphalts showed different beha vior when exposed to oxidative conditions. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed a decrease in glass transition temperatures in the polymer modi fied asphalts. The effect of SBS and EVA were also observed in the viscosity measurem ents. An increase in the absolute viscosity and a Non-Newtonian behavior was observe d. Therefore, polymers acted as non-inert additives. Dynamic mechanical analyses demonstrated that SBS increases the binder performance grade. The analyses performed in the asphalts modified by the residue of sandalâs industry showed an improvement in elasticity.

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Sahlberg, Bo. "Indoor Environment in Dwellings and Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) : Longitudinal Studies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Arbets- och miljömedicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-172769.

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People spend most of their time indoors and mostly in the dwelling. It is therefore important to investigate associations between indoor exposure in dwellings and health. Symptoms that may be related to the indoor environment are sometimes referred to as the "sick building syndrome" (SBS). SBS involves symptoms such as eye, skin and upper airway irritation, headache and fatigue. Three longitudinal studies and one prevalence study on personal and environmental risk factors for SBS in adults were performed. The prevalence study included measurements of indoor exposures in the dwellings. The longitudinal studies, with 8-10 years follow-up time, showed that smoking and indoor paint emissions were risk factors for SBS. Moreover, building dampness and moulds in dwellings were risk factors for onset (incidence) of general symptoms, skin symptoms and mucosal symptoms. In addition subjects living in damp dwellings have a lower remission of general symptoms and skin symptoms. Hay fever was a risk factor for onset of skin symptoms and mucosal symptoms, and asthma was a risk factor for onset of general and mucosal symptoms. Biomarkers of allergy and inflammation (bronchial reactivity, total IgE, ECP and eosinophil count) were predictors of onset of SBS symptoms, in particular mucosal symptoms. In the prevalence study, any SBS-symptom was associated with some individual volatile organic compounds of possible microbial origin (MVOC) e.g. 2-pentanol, 2-hexanon, 2-pentylfuran and 1-octen-3ol. Moreover, there were associations between indoor levels of formaldehyde and the plasticizer Texanol and any SBS. The result from the study indicates that individual MVOC are better indicators of SBS than the total value of MVOC. A final conclusion is that smoking, dampness and moulds and emissions from indoor painting may increase the onset of SBS. The indoor environment in dwellings over time has improved, but there is still a need for further improvements of the indoor environment in dwellings. More longitudinal SBS studies are needed.

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Fernández, Villalba Omar A., and Salinas Edgardo G. Cáceres. "Evaluación del comportamiento mecánico de mezclas SMA y Superpave empleando asfalto modificado con Polímero SBS (Estireno-Butadieno-Estireno)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2007. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/urp/2007/fernandez_oa/html/index-frames.html.

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Wong, Tsun Wah. "A study on mechanical properties of high density polyethylene/polystyrene/SBES [i.e. SEBS] polymer blends." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?msc-ap-b21175202a.pdf.

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2001.
"A dissertation submitted in part-fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of City University of Hong Kong." Title from title screen (viewed on Sept. 4, 2006) Includes bibliographical references.

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Käsermann, Philip. "Die Zitate in den ICN-Neigezügen der SBB - Ein Stück Schweizer Literaturgeschichte? /." [Biel] : [Selbstverlag], 2004. http://www.dgb.ch/unterricht/maturaarbeiten/KaesermannPhilip/MAphilip.PDF.

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Carlesso, Gabriela Ceccon. "Estudo do comportamento de mistura asfáltica modificada por nanoargila e polímero SBS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2017. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/178976.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2017.
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No Brasil, o desenvolvimento e o estudo de misturas asfálticas de alto desempenho são justificados em virtude do elevado contingente de defeitos precoces identificados nas rodovias, que contrastam com a notável importância do meio de transporte rodoviário para o País. A partir deste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação do comportamento reológico e a previsão de desempenho de uma mistura asfáltica modificada simultaneamente por nanoargila e por polímero SBS. Com esta finalidade, foi adaptado um procedimento de laboratório para a modificação de um ligante asfáltico convencional, por meio do qual a nanoargila e o polímero foram incorporados à matriz asfáltica em teores de 3% e de 2%, respectivamente. Posteriormente, a mistura produzida com o ligante modificado (3% NA + 2% SBS) foi investigada em relação à dosagem, à ação deletéria da água, à deformação permanente, ao módulo e à fadiga (aparato 4 pontos) e a simulações numéricas de estruturas de pavimentos. Os resultados foram comparados àqueles obtidos por Melo (2014) e por Marcon (2016), que avaliaram misturas asfálticas análogas, porém produzidas com ligante convencional (CAP 50-70), modificado somente por nanoargila (3% NA) e somente por SBS (SBS 60/85). Como resultado, o estudo de dosagem indicou um teor de ligante de projeto equivalente ao obtido para a mistura produzida com CAP 50-70 e intermediário se comparado àqueles obtidos para as misturas 3% NA e SBS 60/85. Na avaliação do efeito da ação deletéria da água e do fenômeno de deformação permanente, a mistura 3% NA+ 2% SBS mostrou-se superior às demais. No estudo reológico, apresentou módulos complexos relativamente elevados e os menores valores de ângulo de fase. Os resultados dos ensaios de resistência à fadiga, entretanto, mostraram o comportamento superior da mistura SBS 60/85, seguido pelo comportamento das misturas 3% NA+ 2% SBS, 3% NA e convencional. Contudo, com base nas simulações numéricas, evidenciou-se que a substituição de revestimentos com as misturas convencional, 3% NA e SBS 60/85 por revestimentos com a mistura 3% NA+2% SBS é tecnicamente adequada e também pode ser economicamente viável. Desta maneira, tendo em vista o comportamento da mistura modificada por nanoargila e SBS, evidenciado ao longo desta pesquisa, conclui-se que a mesma possui potencial para proporcionar melhorias ao setor rodoviário brasileiro.

Abstract : In Brazil, the development and study of high-performance asphalt mixtures are justified because of the high contingency of early distresses identified on roads, which contrast with the remarkable importance of road transportation to the country. From this context, this work aims to evaluate the rheological behavior and to predict the performance of an asphalt mixture simultaneously modified by nanoclay and SBS polymer. For this purpose, a laboratory procedure was adapted for the modification of a conventional asphalt binder whereby nanoclay and polymer were incorporated into the asphalt matrix in amounts of 3% and 2%, respectively. Subsequently, the mixture produced with the modified binder (3% NA + 2% SBS) was investigated in relation to design, to deleterious effects of water, to permanent deformation, to modulus and fatigue (four point bending test) and to numerical simulations of pavement structures. The results were compared to those obtained by Melo (2014) and by Marcon (2016), who evaluated similar asphalt mixtures but these produced with conventional binder, with binder modified only by nanoclay (3% NA) and with binder modified only by SBS (SBS 60/85). As a result, the dosage study indicated a level of project binder equivalent to that obtained for the mixture with CAP 50-70 and intermediate if compared to those obtained for the mixtures 3% NA and SBS 60/85. In the evaluation of the deleterious action of water effect and the phenomena of permanent deformation, the mixture 3% NA + 2% SBS showed to be superior to the others. In the rheological study, it presented relatively high complex modulus and the smallest phase angle values. The results of the fatigue strength tests, however, demonstrated the superior behavior of the mixture SBS 60/85 followed by the behavior of the mixtures 3% NA + 2% SBS, 3% NA and conventional. However, based on the numerical simulations, it has been found that the replacement of surfaces with conventional mixtures, 3% NA and SBS 60/85 by surfaces with the mixture 3% NA + 2% SBS is technically appropriate and can also be economically viable. Thus, considering the behavior of the mixture modified by nanoclay and SBS evidenced throughout this study, it is concluded that it has potential to provide improvements to Brazilian road sector.

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Miles, Prudence E. "Teachers' use of multiplatform educational screen content: The case of Australia's SBS." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/107547/3/Prudence%20Miles%20Thesis.pdf.

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This study explores the development and use of educational resources to accompany Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) television programs and multiplatform program content. Through action research and participant observation methods, this study discusses the growing importance of multiplatform screen content in education, and how and why teachers use educational materials prepared by broadcasters. In doing so, it incorporates social theories of learning, particularly communities of practice theory. It concludes that, to best engage teachers and their students, education and broadcaster communities should collaborate in order to better understand authentic and informal learning.

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Oliveira, Juliana Ferreira de. "Estudos estruturais e funcionais de proteinas da familia SBDS com enfase nas ortologas de Trypanosoma cruzi e humana." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314721.

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Orientadores: Ana Carolina de Mattos Zeri, Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Proteínas da família SBOS (Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome) ocorrem largamente na natureza e s.ão bastante conservadas, apresentando ortólogas em Archaea e eucariotos. Estudos de análises genômica e biofísica tem relacionado a SBOS com o metabolismo de RNA e biosíntese de ribossomos. O gene ortólogo da SBOS de Archaea está localizado em um operon conservado que contém genes do processamento de RNA; estudos de perfil de expressão gênica tem agrupado o gene da proteína SBOS de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sdo1p, com fatores do processamento de rRNA e estudos de análise proteômica identificaram a interação da proteína Sdo1p com fatores da biossíntese de ribossomos; ortólogas de planta contém um C-terminal estendido apresentando motivo de ligação a RNA. Mutações identificadas no gene SBDS tem sido relacionadas com a síndrome Shwachman-Oiamond (80S), uma doença caracterizada por insuficiência exócrina pancreática e disfunção na medula óssea, cujos pacientes apresentam grandes chances de desenvolver leucemia. SOS representa, portanto, um importante modelo para entender os processos envolvidos no desenvolvimento da leucemia. O objetivo principal desse trabalho consistiu na caracterização estrutural e funcional de proteínas da família SBOS. Foram realizados ensaios de cristalização com ortólogas ; da SBOS de Archaea, levedura, tripanossoma e humana. A SBOS de Pyrococcus abyssi foi cristalizada, porém os cristais difrataram a baixa resolução (3,50 A). A ' caracterização da SBOS ortóloga de Trypanosoma cruzi (TcSBOS) mostrou que esta, proteína contém uma região C-terminal estendida. Ensaios de proteólise limitada,' dicroismo circular e espectroscopia por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) indicaram que a região adicional da TcSBOS se comporta como um fragmento de proteína intrinsicamente desenovelado, responsável pela interação da TcSBOS com RNA, verificada por ensaios de Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA). Também foi realizada a determinação da estrutura da ortóloga humana (HsSBOS) em solução por espectroscopia de RMN. A proteína HsSBOS é composta de três domínios bem estruturados, apresentando mobilidade conformacional entre os domínios N-terminal e central. Experimentos de titulação de RNA, novamente utilizando-se RMN, possibilitaram a confirmação da interação direta da SBOS humana com RNA. A região de ligação ao RNA foi identificada no N-terminal da proteína, região bastante conservada na família e considerada o principal alvo das mutações relacionadas à doença SDS
Abstract: The Shwachman-Bodian-Oiamond syndrome (SBOS) protein family occurs widely in nature and is highly conserved, with orthologues in Archaea and eukaryotes. Genomic and biophysical studies have suggested involvement of this protein in RNA metabolism and in ribosome biogenesis. Archaeal SBOS orthologue genes are located within highly conserved operons that include RNA-processing genes; transcriptional profiling analysis has clustered the yeast ortholog protein Sdo 1 p with rRNA processing factors and proteomic analysis have identified potential interactions between Sd01 p and ribosome biogenesis factors; several plant SBOS orthologues contain extended C-terminal region with putative RNA binding motif. Mutations in the SBDS gene are associated to the Shwachman-Oiamond syndrome (SOS), arare multisystem disorder characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, bone marrow dysfunction, and an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia. SOS therefore represents an extremely useful model for understanding leukaemogenesis. The objective of the present work was the structural and functional characterization of the SBOS protein family. SBOS orthologues from Archaea, yeast, trypanosomatid and human were assayed for crystallization. The Archaeal SBOS orthologue, PaUPF0023 in Pyrococcus abyssi, was crystallized, but the crystals 'diffracted to a relatively low resolution (3.50 A). Characterization of the Trypanosoma cruzi SBOS ortholog (TcSBOS) by using limited proteolysis, circular dichroism and NMR analyses indicated that the C-terminal additional region of TcSBOS behaves as a natively unfolded protein segment, responsible for TcSBOS-RNA interaction activity in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. We have also determined the solution structure and backbone dynamics of the human SBOS protein using NMR spectroscopy. The overall structure of human SBOS comprises three well-folded domains with conformational exchange in the linker between the N-terminal and the central domains. RNA titration experiments using NMR spectroscopy provide evidence that human SBOS interacts with RNA via the N-terminal domain, a conserved region in the SBOS family and the most frequent target for SOSassociated mutations
Doutorado
Bioquimica
Doutor em Biologia Funcional e Molecular

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Zegarra, Jorge Rodolfo Escalante. "Avaliação de misturas produzidas com ligantes asfálticos peruanos convencional PEN 60/70 e modificados por polímero SBS tipo I 60/60 e PG 76-22." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-26042007-173415/.

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Os objetivos deste trabalho são avaliar o comportamento de asfaltos peruanos convencional CAP PEN 60/70 e modificados por polímero SBS tipo I 60/60 e PG 76-22, em misturas asfálticas densas, sem e com envelhecimento em curto prazo, e estabelecer a distribuição do grau de desempenho (PG) de ligantes asfálticos com base nas condições climáticas de cada região do Peru. Para a classificação por desempenho os ligantes asfálticos procedentes de Peru foram submetidos aos ensaios convencionais e da especificação Superpave: penetração, ponto de amolecimento, viscosidade Brookfield, ponto de fulgor, retorno elástico, estabilidade a estocagem, envelhecimento em curto prazo (RTFOT), envelhecimento em longo prazo (PAV), cisalhamento dinâmico (DSR) e rigidez à fluência na flexão (BBR). Para a avaliação das propriedades mecânicas, sem envelhecimento e com envelhecimento em curto prazo, foram moldados um total de 196 corpos de prova, submetidos aos ensaios Marshall, resistência à tração, resistência à tração após umidade induzida, módulo de resiliência, fluência por compressão uniaxial estática, fluência por compressão uniaxial dinâmica e vida de fadiga. Os resultados dos ensaios mostram que o proceso de modificação dos asfaltos por polímero melhora as caracteristicas reológicas do ligante, apresentando menor índice de susceptibilidade térmica e maior resistência ao envelhecimento e melhorando o comportamento das misturas asfálticas em todos os ensaios mecânicos. Esses resultados foram confirmados pela análise estrutural com o programa computacional Elsym5, nas duas condições de envelhecimento estudadas.
The main goal of this work is the evaluation of the behavior of conventional peruvian asphalt binder AC PEN 60/70 and SBS polymer-modified asphalts I 60/60 and PG 76-22, when used in hot-mix asphalt (HMA), under both conditions with and without short-term aging. It aims also to establish the asphalt binder performance grade (PG), which is based on the weather conditions, for different peruvian regions. The peruvian asphalt binders were submitted to conventional and Superpave laboratory tests: penetration, softening point, Brookfield viscosity, flash point, elastic recovery, storage stability, rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT), pressure aging vessel (PAV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR). For the evaluation of mechanical properties 196 specimen were sumitted to Marshall, indirect tensile strength under static loading, indirect tensile strength under static loading after induced moisture, resilient modulus under dynamic diametric compression, static and dynamic creep and fatigue tests. The result show that polymer-modified asphalt binder improve rheological characteristic, in terms of thermal susceptibility and resistance to aging, and also improve the asphalt mixtures behavior, which was verified in all of the mechanical tests and after the structural analysis performed with the Elsym5 program, for all of the short-term aging conditions studied in this work.

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Amaral, Simonne da Costa. "Estudos de misturas asfálticas densas com agregados do estado do Pará, utilizando asfalto convencional (CAP-40) e asfalto modificado com polímero SBS (BETUFLEX B 65/60)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-07012003-194218/.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as vantagens ou desvantagens de utilizar-se asfalto modificado com polímero em misturas densas com seixo rolado como agregado graúdo. Para o experimento foram moldados setenta e cinco corpos-de-prova com asfalto convencional (CAP-40) e setenta e cinco corpos-de-prova com asfalto modificado (BETUFLEX B 65/60) e avaliados à luz dos ensaios Marshall, fluência por compressão uniaxial estática à 40ºC, resistência à tração por compressão diametral e módulo de resiliência por compressão diametral à 25ºC. Os resultados dos ensaios Marshall e de resistência à tração acusaram um melhor desempenho das misturas com asfalto modificado. As relações MR/'sigma tal' encontradas para ambas as misturas sugerem, a princípio, um melhor comportamento para as misturas modificadas. Os resultados dos ensaios de fluência por compressão uniaxial estática, no que tange à deformação elástica, detectou também uma performance superior das misturas com asfalto modificado em três teores de ligante dos cinco teores analisados, entretanto, para as demais propriedades, deformação total, deformação viscoplástica e módulo de fluência as misturas com asfalto convencional sairam-se melhor.
This research intends to analyze the advantages of hot-mix asphalt mixtures composed by polymer modified binder and gravel in relation to those made with conventional binder. To achieve the objective, there were compacted seventy five specimens with conventional binder and seventy five specimens with SBS polymer modified binder (BETUFLEX B 65/60) and were performed Marshall tests, static creep (40oC) tests, indirect tensile strength tests and resilient modulus by indirect tensile (25oC) tests. The results of Marshall and tensile strength tests showed a better performance of the polymer modified asphalt mixes than that presented by the conventional asphalt ones. The results from the relation of resilient modulus by indirect tensile and indirect tensile strength tests probably showed that the modified asphalt mixes have the best performance. The elastic strains from static creep tests also showed a better performance of the polymer modified mixes in three of the five binder contents, however, the others properties from static creep tests like as total strain, viscoplastic strain and creep modulus showed that the conventional asphalt mixes have the best performance.

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Günther, Alexandra [Verfasser]. "Charakterisierung von Episoden gestörter Atmung mittels eines suprasternalen Geräuschsensors bei Patienten mit schlafbezogenen Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) / Alexandra Günther." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160514682/34.

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PAIVA, JOSE ANTONIO GODINHO. "EFFECT OF THE IONOSPHERE OF LOW LATITUDES IN GPS - SBAS (GLOBAL SYSTEM POSITIONING - SPACE BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5863@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
A ionosfera de baixas latitudes tem características que poderiam causar problemas à operação do GPS/SBAS. Entre elas se encontra a anomalia equatorial, cuja densidade eletrônica pode apresentar intensos gradientes horizontais (e, portanto, no índice de refração do meio). Estes gradientes podem ser intensos o suficiente para introduzir erros nas previsões resultantes do GPS/SBAS. Para avaliar este problema, foi desenvolvido um programa de simulação em computador que integra modelos para: (i) a previsão das posições dos satélites da constelação GPS; (ii) a evolução temporal e espacial da densidade eletrônica da ionosfera equatorial; e (iii) uma rede de estações de referência de posições fornecidas para analisar os efeitos da anomalia equatorial sobre os erros causados pela ionosfera nos sinais dos satélites GPS recebidos pelas estações. Em cada passo da simulação, diversos procedimentos são realizados. Estes procedimentos são repetidos um grande número de vezes e, ao final da simulação, estatísticas dos erros são apresentadas. Este programa de simulação em computador foi utilizado para analisar a influência do número de estações de referência, assim como de suas localizações, nos erros de posicionamento de aeronaves.
The low-latitude ionosphere has some features that could cause problems even to the joint GPS/SBAS operation. Among them, one finds the equatorial anomaly, whose electronic density - and thus its refractive index - can present intense horizontal gradients. These gradients can be intense enough to induce errors in the predictions by the GPS/SBAS. To analyze this problem, a computer simulation program has been developed. This program integrates models for: (i) forecasting the satellite orbital positions of the GPS constellation; (ii) the temporal and spatial evolution of the electronic density of the low-latitude ionosphere; and (iii) a given network of reference stations to analyze the effects of the equatorial anomaly on the GPS satellite signals received by the stations and users. In each step of the simulation, several procedures are performed. These procedures are repeated several times and, at the end of the simulation, error statistics are presented. This computer simulation program has been used to analyze the influence of the equatorial anomaly and of the number and layout of reference stations upon the errors in aircraft positions provided by the GPS/SBAS.

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CAVALCANTI, Thiago Rodrigues. "Uma análise sistemática de literatura do Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Software (SBES): aspectos qualitativos e quantita." Universidade federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18497.

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O Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Software (SBES) está na sua 25ª edição em 2011. Ao longo da sua história, vários progressos no campo da engenharia de software foram publicados e debatidos. Durante o Simpósio, os avanços e pesquisas ganham voz e repercutem no meio acadêmico nacional. Entender como a pesquisa de engenharia de software publicada no SBES evoluiu nesse período é o principal objetivo deste trabalho. Os demais objetivos se relacionam com o primeiro diretamente. Compreender quais as áreas de pesquisa e os métodos mais utilizados, e ainda traçar um histórico das abordagens, das unidades de análise e dos gêneros de pesquisa. Neste trabalho ainda quantificamos os artigos publicados em inglês, a quantidade de referências e citações de cada paper. Para entendermos essa evolução foi necessário utilizar algumas classificações difundidas na literatura visando avaliar os trabalhos publicados e os simpósios como um todo. A metodologia utilizada passou pela leitura dos últimos 24 anos do SBES e a consolidação em um formulário de extração. O método inclui ainda detalhes e exemplos dos critérios utilizados, visando dar maior qualidade ao processo. Por fim, uma ferramenta de consolidação automatizada integra os valores encontrados. Os resultados mostram como cada um dos critérios acima definidos evoluiu ao longo do tempo, quais centros de pesquisa têm mais espaço no contexto do SBES e quais aspectos do estudo da engenharia de software podem ser aprimorados. Deste modo, este trabalho ajuda a entender o panorama brasileiro de engenharia de software e demonstra o papel relevante da pesquisa para evolução da ciência.
The Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering (SBES) is on its 25th edition in 2011. Throughout its history, several improvements in the field of software engineering have been published and discussed. During the Symposium, the advances and researches gained voice and repercussions in the national academic environment. Understanding how software engineering research published in SBES evolved in this period is the main objective of this work. The other objectives are directly related to the first. To understand the areas of research and the methods used, and build a historical analysis of the research approaches, the unit of analysis and the type of research. This work has quantified the articles published in English, the number of references, and citations of each paper. In order to understand this evolution, it was necessary to use some widespread classifications in literature to evaluate the published works and symposia as a whole. The methodology began by reading the last 24 years of SBES and the consolidation in an extraction form. The method also includes details and examples of the criteria employed to give more quality to the process. Finally, an automated consolidation tool integrated the values found. The results show how each of the criteria described above has evolved over time, research centers which have more space in the context of SBES and also which aspects of the study in software engineering can be improved. Thus, this work assists to understand the Brazilian panorama of software engineering and demonstrates the important role of research for science advance.

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Hürlimann, Gisela. ""Die Eisenbahn der Zukunft" : Automatisierung, Schnellverkehr und Modernisierung bei den SBB 1955 - 2005 /." Zürich : Chronos, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2896232&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri. "Interação entre processos degradativos na blenda de polipropileno e poliestireno compatibilizada com SBS." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248659.

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Orientador: Marco-Aurelio De Paoli
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
Quimica Inorganica
Doutor em Ciências

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Pachamango, Rodríguez Ana, Rojas Roxana Pacheco, and Tinco Giomar Ruiz. "Plan de auditoría interna a ser presentado ante la SBS para su autorización." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2287.

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El presente trabajo de investigación nació del análisis que realizamos para identificar los principales problemas que afronta una institución financiera (IF) para alinear a los objetivos estratégicos establecidos por el negocio con las actividades de auditoría especificadas en su plan anual. En la actualidad, el plan de auditoría interna de la IFes efectuado teniendo en cuenta los requerimientos regulatorios, dejando de lado la revisión de procesos clave del negocio, debido a la gran cantidad de actividades requeridas por la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (SBS). Nuestra investigación nos llevó a definir una metodología de auditoría basada en riesgos, para lo cual tuvimos que recorrer todos los procesos de la compañía, definiendo de esta manera nuestro universo auditable, para posteriormente evaluar el riesgo inherente a cada proceso, y establecer una matriz de priorización que considera la alineación de cada proceso con los objetivos estratégicos, las expectativas de la alta gerencia, la puntuación de rotación y los hallazgos significativos. Otro aspecto importante a mencionar es que para el presente trabajo se ha tomado en cuenta los recursos con los que cuenta el área de auditoría de la IF para realizar la evaluación que han sido priorizadas en la matriz mencionada anteriormente, estableciendo un cronograma de actividades como parte del plan anual de auditoría. Las entrevistas realizadas y el análisis de las experiencias de otras instituciones financieras que cuentan con la autorización de la SBS confirman que si la IF toma en consideración la propuesta descrita en nuestra investigación, logrará contar con la autorización del ente regulador y podrá evidenciar que los riesgos estratégicos del negocio están siendo cubiertos por las evaluaciones del plan anual de auditoría interna.

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Cui, Zhanwu. "Use of binder rheology to predict the cracking performance of SBS-modified mixture." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001328.

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Rossato, Jéssica Helisa Hautrive. "Obtenção e estudo de blendas poliméricas de ABC com copolímero em bloco SBS." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2016.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gerson Luiz Mantovani
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências e Materiais Avançados, 2016.
Blendas de poli(acrilonitrila-estireno-butadieno) (ABS) com modificadores de impacto tipo estireno-butadieno-estireno (SBS) foram obtidas para melhorar ainda mais a resistência ao impacto e melhorar a processabilidade de determinados tipos de ABS. Neste trabalho o objetivo foi à obtenção de blendas ABS/SBS e a investigação do comportamento de resistência ao impacto em função da temperatura. As blendas foram obtidas por extrusão de três diferentes tipos de ABS com diferentes conteúdos de SBS. Foram caracterizadas as propriedades de fluxo, as propriedades reológicas, as propriedades mecânicas e a morfologia de fratura dos materiais obtidos. Concluiu-se que não ocorreu a tenacificação do ABS com adição dos conteúdos de SBS, com exceção das blendas ABS 1 com mais de 10% em massa de SBS. Isto mostrou a influência das características e da composição dos ABS e do SBS, e do processamento no comportamento mecânico e na morfologia obtida pela blendas, além da influência do conteúdo em massa de SBS adicionado. As análises das morfologias de fratura mostraram que as blendas de ABS 1 com mais de 10% em massa de SBS possuem um tamanho de partículas menor que nas blendas ABS 2/SBS e ABS 3/SBS, e também uma melhor distribuição das partículas. Nos resultados dos ensaios de tração notou-se um aumento no alongamento na ruptura com o aumento do conteúdo de SBS nas blendas, com uma pequena diminuição do módulo de elasticidade e na tensão no escoamento. Porém, a adição do copolímero em bloco fez com que houvesse uma melhora na processabilidade nas blendas que foi observado nos ensaios de MFI, reometria capilar e reometria de torque.
Blends of poly(acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene) (ABS) with impact modifiers type styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) were obtained to further improve the impact resistance and improving processability of certain types of ABS copolymer. In this work, the objective was to obtain of ABS/SBS polymer blends and the investigating the behavior of the impact resistance versus temperature. The blends were extruded from different types of ABS with different SBS content. Were characterized the flow properties, rheological properties, mechanical properties and fracture morphology of the materials. Concludes that there wasn¿t toughening of ABS with addition of SBS content, except ABS 1/SBS blends with more than 10 w.t% of SBS. This showed the existence dependency characteristics and composition of ABS and processing in the mechanical behavior and morphology of the blends obtained, besides the influence of the content of SBS added. The analysis of fracture morphology showed that blends of ABS 1 copolymer with more than 10 w.t% of SBS having a less particle size than in the ABS 2/SBS blends and ABS 3/SBS blends, and better distribution of the particles. In the results of tensile tests were noted an increase in elongation at break with increasing content of SBS in the blend, with a small decrease in the elastic modulus and yield strength. However, the addition of block copolymer had caused an improvement in processability in the blends, which was observed in the MFI tests, capillary rheometer and torque rheometer.

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Taira, Claudio. "Avaliação do desempenho em laboratório de misturas asfálticas densas utilizando asfalto convencional (CAP-20) e asfalto modificado com polímero SBS (BETUFLEX B 65/60)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-09052016-111805/.

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Este trabalho teve por objetivo o desempenho de misturas asfálticas densas utilizando um ligante convencional (CAP-20) e o mesmo ligante modificado com polímeros tipo SBS, produzido sob o nome comercial de BETUFLEX B 65/60, através dos ensaios Marshall, fluência por compressão uniaxial estática e dinâmica, resistência à tração por compressão diametral e módulo resiliente pro compressão diametral dinâmica, em misturas compactadas com uma mesma faixa granulométrica e diferentes teores de ligantes. O ensaio Marshall apresentou, para as misturas preparadas com asfalto modificado, valores maiores de estabilidade para a maioria dos teores, apesar de valores elevados de fluência em todos os teores analisados. Os resultados de deformação do ensaio de fluência por compressão uniaxial não distinguiram claramente o efeito da adição de polímeros em misturas asfálticas, ao contrário do observado no ensaio dinâmico, onde as deformações foram consideravelmente menores para a maioria dos teores analisados. Os resultados do ensaio de resistência à tração por compressão diametral mostram um desempenho superior da mistura modificada. O ensaio de módulo resiliente por compressão diametral dinâmica indicou, à temperatura de 25ºC, valores menores para a mistura com asfalto modificado, não sendo notada, entretanto, uma diferenciação de desempenho nas temperaturas de 5ºC e 40ºC. A modelação matemática das curvas de fluência e de recuperação às equações constitutivas de alguns modelos visco-elásticos básicos detectou uma diferenciação entre os valores de alguns elementos constitutivos, tanto do ensaio dinâmico, quanto do estático.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of asphalt mixes using conventional binder and the same binder modified with SBS polymer (Betuflex B 65/60) based on Marshall test, static and dynamic creep tests, indirect tensile strength test and resilient modulus by indirect tensile test, with the same granulometric composition and different binders contents. In Marshall test, polymer modified asphalt mixes presented better stability performance than conventional asphalt mixes in most of binders contents, despite of the higher flow values obtained for all binders contents. The static creep test results indicated that this test does not clearly distinguish the effect of polymer in asphalt mixes while the results of dynamic creep test indicated the opposite, i. e., polymer modified asphalt mixes deformations are smaller for most of the asphalt binders contents studied. The indirect tensile strength test results showed a better performance of modified asphalt. The results of resilient modulus by indirect tensile test at 25°C showed smaller values for modified asphalt, while the results at 5ºC and 40ºC did not show differences between the asphalt mixes. The mathematics modelling of the creep and recovering curves according to constitutive equations of some basic visco- elastic models showed a difference between the values of some constitutive elements in both cases, dynamic and static tests.

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Zhou, Yanmin, and 周延敏. "Impacts of temperature and salinity on nitrification rate and microbial community in laboratory scale sequencing batch reactors(SBRs)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47050718.

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41

Schenk, Andreas [Verfasser], and B. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heck. "PS-Interferometrie in urbanen Räumen - Optimierte Schätzung von Oberflächenbewegungen mittels Multi-SBAS Verfahren / Andreas Schenk. Betreuer: B. Heck." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078957665/34.

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42

Kappe, Philip. "Design and investigation of the emission dynamics of a mode locked SBS-laser oscillator." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1151.

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43

TomÃ, Luisa GardÃnia Alves. "Efeito da adiÃÃo de nanoargilas e nanocompÃsitos argila/SBS no desempenho de ligantes asfÃlticos." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12991.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
O presente trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de aditivos nanoestruturados como materiais potencialmente Ãteis para melhorar o desempenho de ligantes na pavimentaÃÃo asfÃltica. Foram preparados e utilizados como aditivos em composiÃÃes variadas: argilas organofÃlicas montmorilonita, vermiculita e CloisiteÂ, copolÃmero estireno-butadieno-estireno (SBS) e nanocompÃsitos SBS/CLO5% e SBS/OVMT5%. Os nanocompÃsitos polimÃricos foram produzidos por meio da tÃcnica de intercalaÃÃo por soluÃÃo. O objetivo foi melhorar as propriedades fÃsicas e reolÃgicas do ligante e, desta forma, contribuir para sua estabilidade ao armazenamento, para sua maior resistÃncia ao envelhecimento oxidativo e para a reduÃÃo da sua susceptibilidade tÃrmica. Os nanomateriais foram caracterizados por difraÃÃo de raios-x (DRX) e por espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Os ligantes puros e modificados foram avaliados, quanto Ãs suas propriedades reolÃgicas, atravÃs de ensaios em reÃmetro de cisalhamento dinÃmico (DSR). As tÃcnicas de caracterizaÃÃo estrutural (FTIR), termogravimetria (TGA) e envelhecimento simulado em estufas Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT), alÃm dos ensaios reolÃgicos realizados em um DSR, tambÃm foram utilizados para avaliar o desempenho dos ligantes na presenÃa dos aditivos nanoestruturados. Os resultados evidenciam que os ligantes modificados resultaram no aumento do mÃdulo complexo (G*) e na reduÃÃo do Ãngulo de fase (δ), o que significa maior resistÃncia destes Ã deformaÃÃo permanente. A viscosidade, a penetraÃÃo e a suscetibilidade tÃrmica dos mesmos foram adequadas aos limites estabelecidos pela AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo GÃs Natural e BiocombustÃveis (ANP). As propriedades reolÃgicas dos ligantes asfÃlticos (LA) modificados com os nanocompÃsitos foram comparÃveis Ãs do LA modificado com 4,0% de SBS, identificando uma reduÃÃo de custos, dado o potencial de substituiÃÃo de polÃmero pela argila. A presenÃa da OVMT melhorou a estabilidade Ã estocagem do LA modificado com SBS, resultado este importante, visto que a separaÃÃo de fases Ã um dos maiores obstÃculos ao uso do SBS na pavimentaÃÃo.
The present work deals with the development of nanostructured additives as potentially useful materials to improve the performance of asphalt binders in paving. They were prepared and used as additives in various compositions: organophilic montmorillonite clay, vermiculite and CloisiteÂ, styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS), as well as SBS/CLO5% and SBS/OVMT5% nanocomposites. The polymeric nanocomposites were produced by the technique of intercalation solution. The aim of that was to improve the physical and the rheological properties of the binder and thus to contribute for their storage stability, to improve their resistance to oxidative aging and to reduce their thermal susceptibility. Nanomaterials were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pure and modified asphalt binder (AB) were evaluated for their rheological properties using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). The structural characterization technique (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and simulated aging in the Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT), in addition to rheological measurements performed on a DSR, were also used to estimate the AB performance in the presence of nanostructured additives. The results show that the modified asphalt binder revealed an increase of the complex modulus (G*) and a reduction in the phase angle (δ), which means a higher resistance of them to permanent deformation. Their viscosity, penetration and thermal susceptibility were in accordance to the limits established by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels. The rheological properties of asphalt binders (AB) modified with nanocomposites were similar to those modified with SBS 4.0%, which identifies a reduction in costs, taking into account the possibility of replacing the polymer by clay. The presence of OVMT improved the storage stability of the SBS modified AB, which is an important result, since phase separation is a major obstacle to the use of SBS in paving.

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Fernandes, Mônica Romero Santos. "Efeitos de aditivo tipo óleo e enxofre na reologia de asfaltos modificados com SBS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25410.

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O uso de asfaltos modificados com polímeros tem crescido significativamente nas últimas décadas em função do aumento da densidade de tráfego, da carga por eixo nos veículos e da pressão dos pneus. Estes ligantes proporcionam o aumento a vida útil e a redução do custo de manutenção das rodovias. Os polímeros mais utilizados na modificação de asfalto são os copolímeros em bloco de estireno-butadienoestireno. Esta tese avaliou os efeitos de diferentes agentes compatibilizantes (óleos) e agentes de ligação no comportamento reológico de misturas asfálticas modificadas com copolímeros de estireno-butadieno-estireno, bem como a influência da sua estrutura, se linear ou radial. Para isto foram realizados análises convencionais e testes em reômetro de cisalhamento dinâmico. Os dados obtidos permitiram evidenciar a eficácia do óleo de xisto como agente compatibilizante, proporcionando excelente dispersão do polímero na matriz asfáltica e estabilidade a estocagem a altas temperaturas. Este óleo apresenta-se como uma opção tecnicamente viável para o óleo aromático atualmente em uso no mercado. Foi também verificado que o uso de enxofre como agente de ligação tem um efeito altamente positivo nas propriedades do ligante modificado, com significativa redução da tan ō, da deformação após aplicação de cargas cíclicas e elevação do módulo complexo, o que contribui para obtenção de pavimentos com maior resistência a deformação e ao trincamento por fadiga.
The use of polymer modified asphalts has grown significantly in the last decades due to the increase in traffic density, axle loading in vehicles and tyre pressure. These binders favor the increase of pavement life and the reduction of its maintenancement costs. The most used polymer for asphalt modification is styrene-butadiene-styrene blocked copolymers. This thesis evaluated the effects of different compatibilizers and crosslinkers on rheological behavior of styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer modified asphalt binders, as well as the influence of its structure, linear or radial. Binder’s characteristics were determined by conventional analysis and tests in dinamic shear rheometer. Data obtained provided evidence of the positive effect of sulfur as crosslinker in modified binders properties, with high tan ō reduction, complex modulus increase and deformation reduction after application of cyclic loads, characteristics that turn possible the existence of pavements with greater rutting and fatigue resistance. It was also verified the shale oil efficacy as a compatibilizer agent, providing an excellent polymer dispersion inside asphalt matrix and a stable storage binder at high temperatures. This oil can be considered as a technical available option to aromatic oil presently in use at pavement industry.

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Chiang, Chih-Ming, and 姜智銘. "Investigation of Synthesis, Physical Properties and Application of Styrenic Thermoplastic Elastomers Comprising Linear Triblock SBS and Coupled Pentablock SBSBS Polymers." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61890017292728373399.

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碩士
國立中正大學
化學工程研究所
105
Thermoplastic elastomeric copolymers comprising a linear SBSBS(polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene- polybutadiene-polystyrene) pentablock and a SBS(polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene) triblock are preapared via living anionic polymerization using s-butyllithium as initiator in cyclohexane without addition any polar solvent in order to obtain low vinyl content in the butadiene block. The polymer also has a polystyrene content 30% and 60% by weight.The styrene blocks within each molecule have approximately similar molecular weight and the butadiene blocks in the pentablock are also equal in size.Two types of polymer compositions have been prepared.One is Big ends type,the other is Small ends type. Number-average molecular weights (Mn) are 60000 g/mol for SBSBS and 30000 g/mol for SBS. According to GPC,Mn and Mw/Mn are based on size exclusion chromatography, and composition is based on NMR and FTIR . We also use NMR to analyze the structure of polybutadiene as 1,4 addition and 1,2 addition. Block copolymers of a narrow molecular weight distribution (1.10) have been analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Tensile Testing Machine, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Dynamic Shear Rheometer. These materials are phase-separated and have high mechanical performances. Finally, the mechanical properties of these polymers which are prepared by sequential method and couple method,are compared.

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46

Chun, Lin Mu, and 林睦群. "Fracture Energies and Related Microstructure of SBS and SBS/PS Blends." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58580959672738556132.

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碩士
元智大學
化學工程研究所
88
ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to investigate fracture energies and related morphology of two systems. The first is specimens of neat styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymers and the second is SBS/polystyrene (PS) blends. The neat SBS specimens were prepared from three different methods; SBSI specimens were cast from toluene solution, SBSII specimens were prepared from compression molding and SBS III specimens were prepared from compression molding after processing in a brabender internal mixer. The specimens of SBS/PS blends with different PS contents were prepared using a brabender internal mixer as well. Fracture energies of all the specimens were measured using a trouser tear test. The glass transition temperatures and tand of PB and PS segments were measured by thermal and dynamic mechanical analyses. The average network strand molecular weight, Mc, were determined by the Flory-Rehner equation from equilibrium swelling using isooctane as a diluent. The microstructure were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). For the neat SBS specimens, SBSI possesses the lowest fracture energies because of morphology with less continuous PS domain and more regular microstructure. The fracture energies of SBSIII were smaller than SBSII due to a smaller value of Mc . For the specimens of SBS/PS blends, SBS/PS=100/44 specimens possess the largest fracture energies than the others. (Keywords: SBS/PS blend; fracture energy; morphology).

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47

Long-Chang, Yu, and 張玉龍. "The Chlorination of SBS." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26158418226642766951.

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碩士
東海大學
化學工程學系
87
The purpose of this research is investigate the chlorization of SBS. The SBS employed here is Kraton D1102. The experiment is divided into two parts. In the first part, SBS of different chlorme content were, the properties and structure changes are then measured. The method of preparing chlorized SBS is by introducing chlorine gas diluted with 400% volumn excess nitrogen into a high dielectric constant organic solvent ,containing 5wt% SBS. The resulting products are then being examined by NMR, GPC, etc. to compare the differences in structures and properties between the chlorized SBS and the original SBS. A broader MWD, chain scissoring, cross linking and higher glass transition temperature has been observed. Heat degradation temperature has been lowered to around 100 degree C.

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48

ZHANG, GING-ZHANG, and 張慶璋. "Study on PE/SBS, SEBS/PSS blands." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63498345205793579720.

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49

"Der neue sächsische Bergsteiger: Mitteilungsblatt des SBB." Sächsischer Bergsteigerbund, 2020. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74222.

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50

"Der neue sächsische Bergsteiger: Mitteilungsblatt des SBB." Sächsischer Bergsteigerbund, 2021. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74223.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SBBs'

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