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Journal articles on the topic 'SAW Filter Design'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

SATOH, YOSHIO, and OSAMU IKATA. "LADDER TYPE SAW FILTER AND ITS APPLICATION TO HIGH POWER SAW DEVICES." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 10, no. 03 (September 2000): 825–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156400000659.

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SAW filters with one-port SAW resonators being connected in a ladder structure, which is called ladder type SAW filter, have many features such as low insertion-loss, wide pass-band and simple filter design and so on. The design methodology, features of characteristics, and developments of higher frequency filter are described for an application in cellular phones. Furthermore, in order to apply to high power SAW devices such as the antenna duplexer of cellular phones, the material of inter-digital transducers (IDT) was improved to have high power durability. The optimum design in a ladder type SAW filter, the improvement in materials for IDT, and the optimum design of the package, all contributed the success of realizing a small SAW antenna duplexer.

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2

Luo, Ping, Yali Zou, Xinyu Yang, Juntao Li, Xuan Huang, Jian Zhou, Xing Han, Yushuai Liu, Yuhao Liu, and Tao Wu. "Improvement of YX42° Cut LiTaO3 SAW Filters with Optical Proximity Effect Correction Method." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010205.

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Due to the influence of the optical proximity effect (OPE), it is easy for a pattern of photoresistance to be inconsistent with a design pattern, thus damaging the performance of a SAW resonator. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an optimization method for SAW filters based on optical proximity correction (OPC). This method can avoid the tip discharge problem of SAW filters by suppressing the problem of rounding and shrinking of dummy electrode and electrode tail caused by OPE. This method increases the quality factor (Q) of the SAW resonator and thus decreases the insertion loss of the SAW filter. The filter increases the bandwidth by 1.8 MHz at −1.5 dB after applying the OPC method. Additionally, it improves the stability of the filter under high power conditions.

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3

Koigerov, A. S. "Analytical Approach to Designing a Combined-Mode Resonator Filter on Surface Acoustic Waves Using the Model of Coupling of Modes." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 25, no. 2 (April 27, 2022): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-2-16-28.

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Introduction. Bandpass filters are important components that determine the basic characteristics of transmitting and receiving radio electronic equipment. Such filters implemented on surface acoustic waves (SAW) not only demonstrate excellent electrical parameters, but also meet compactness requirements. The relevant research task of reducing the design time and optimizing the filter’s cost can be solved by either using modern computational software or improving existing modeling tools.Aim. To describe the current state and main features of approaches to calculating SAW-based bandpass filters using the model of coupled modes and its formalization based on P-matrices. To describe the main principles and approaches on the example of designing a combined-mode resonator filter on leaky SAW and comparing the calculated and experimental data.Materials and methods. A theoretical study was carried out using the mathematical theory of differential equations presented in a matrix form, as well as the methods of finite element analysis and circuit theory. The results were processed in MatLab and COMSOL.Results. The current state of the analytical approach to designing SAW-based filters using the model of coupled modes and its formalization based on P-matrices was described. An original design for a resonator filter based on leaky SAW at 49° YX-cut of lithium niobate was proposed. The filter has a relative bandwidth of 5.8 %, an insertion loss of –3.7 dB, and a stop-band rejection of –50 dB. A technique for calculating SAW-based filters was proposed.Conclusion. The proposed analytical approach to designing SAW-based bandpass filters allows the filter characteristics (e.g., transmission factor) to be reliably predicted at the modeling stage, thereby reducing the number of experimental iterations and increasing the development efficiency.

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4

Koigerov, A. S. "Analytical Approach to Designing a Combined-Mode Resonator Filter on Surface Acoustic Waves Using the Model of Coupling of Modes." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 25, no. 2 (April 27, 2022): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-2-16-28.

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Introduction. Bandpass filters are important components that determine the basic characteristics of transmitting and receiving radio electronic equipment. Such filters implemented on surface acoustic waves (SAW) not only demonstrate excellent electrical parameters, but also meet compactness requirements. The relevant research task of reducing the design time and optimizing the filter’s cost can be solved by either using modern computational software or improving existing modeling tools.Aim. To describe the current state and main features of approaches to calculating SAW-based bandpass filters using the model of coupled modes and its formalization based on P-matrices. To describe the main principles and approaches on the example of designing a combined-mode resonator filter on leaky SAW and comparing the calculated and experimental data.Materials and methods. A theoretical study was carried out using the mathematical theory of differential equations presented in a matrix form, as well as the methods of finite element analysis and circuit theory. The results were processed in MatLab and COMSOL.Results. The current state of the analytical approach to designing SAW-based filters using the model of coupled modes and its formalization based on P-matrices was described. An original design for a resonator filter based on leaky SAW at 49° YX-cut of lithium niobate was proposed. The filter has a relative bandwidth of 5.8 %, an insertion loss of –3.7 dB, and a stop-band rejection of –50 dB. A technique for calculating SAW-based filters was proposed.Conclusion. The proposed analytical approach to designing SAW-based bandpass filters allows the filter characteristics (e.g., transmission factor) to be reliably predicted at the modeling stage, thereby reducing the number of experimental iterations and increasing the development efficiency.

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5

Lu, Zengtian, Sulei Fu, Zhibin Xu, Weibiao Wang, Qiaozhen Zhang, Jianrun Zhang, and Hui Zhang. "Fractional Bandwidth up to 24% and Spurious Free SAW Filters on Bulk 15°YX-LiNbO3 Substrates Using Thickness-Modulated IDT Structures." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030439.

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To cope with ubiquitous wireless connectivity and the increased and faster data delivery in 5G communication, surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters are progressively requiring wider bandwidths. Conventional bulk 15°YX-LiNbO3 substrates with a large coupling coefficient (K2) are attractive for the low-cost mass production of wideband SAW filters, but these generally suffer from spurious responses, limiting their practical application. In this work, a novel and simple SAW configuration is proposed that uses thickness-modulated interdigital transducer (IDT) structures to overcome the limitations set by spurious responses. Different from the conventional design where the thicknesses of the IDT electrodes in the series and parallel resonators generally kept the same, the proposed configuration adopts IDT electrodes of different thicknesses in the series and shunt resonators to suppress or remove unwanted spurious Rayleigh modes from the filter passband. Two different ultra-wideband SAW filter designs employing thickness-modulated IDTs were designed and fabricated to validate the effective suppression of spurious modes. The SAW filters experimentally featured spurious-free responses in the passband as well as a large 3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) in the 18.0% and 24.1% ranges and low insertion losses below 1 dB. This work can significantly broaden the range of applications for SAW devices and can open a pathway to commercialize ultra-wideband SAW filters in 5G communication systems.

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6

Finch, Craig, Xiaomin Yang, Thomas X. Wu, and Benjamin Abbott. "RF SAW filter package design for wireless communications." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 39, no. 5 (October 2, 2003): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.11229.

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7

Elsherbini, M. M., M. F. Elkordy, and A. M. Gomaa. "Analytical Modeling and Simulation of SAW Filter Using Concave." TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering 16, no. 3 (November 8, 2015): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/tijee.v16i3.1639.

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A Simple novel tool has been developed to model and simulate SAW filter devices. GNU Concave; Freeware tool with open source coding has been used to specify a basic model for SAW delay lines and filters. This paper presents a way for obtaining the essential parameters of design and development of SAW devices as insertion loss. Other parameters were also predicted by within the reseach work like the radiation conductance, susceptance, Impedance, Admetance and the Frequency Response. They all calculated and plotted using Mathmatical equations drived from an equivalent model used to simulate our target. A comparision between the simulated device and an experimental puplished one has been achieved.

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8

Wang, Dai Qiang, Liang Rong Li, Yu Qing Chen, Zu Ming Yao, Hong Gong, and Qiao Liu. "A SAW Filter of Elliptic Structure IDT." Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (October 2014): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.623.

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The design uses silicon-AlN thin films as the piezoelectric substrate, Use apo- dization weighting methods to optimize the design of IDT. The improved δ function model was Modeling Tools of Apodization weighted ellipse IDT structure, According to the result of simulation, we designed a layout of SAW band-pass filter and fabricated a sample of it which center frequency is 300MHz and insertion loss is 7dB, The research shows the consistency of simulation results with the experimental results.

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9

Zhang, Hanqiang, and Hongliang Wang. "Investigation of Surface Acoustic Wave Propagation Characteristics in New Multilayer Structure: SiO2/IDT/LiNbO3/Diamond/Si." Micromachines 12, no. 11 (October 21, 2021): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12111286.

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Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are widely used in many fields such as mobile communication, phased array radar, and wireless passive sensor systems. With the upgrade of mobile networks, the requirements for the performance of SAW devices have also increased, and high-frequency wideband SAW devices have become an important research topic in communication systems and other application fields. In this paper, a theoretical study for the realization of a layered SAW filter based on a new SiO2/IDT/128°YX-LiNbO3/diamond/silicon layered structure using the modeling software COMSOL Multiphysics is presented. The effects of lithium niobate (LiNbO3), an interdigital transducer (IDT), and SiO2 thin films on the evolution of the phase velocity, electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2), and temperature coefficient of frequency were studied by employing a finite element method simulation. Furthermore, a longitudinal coupling resonator filter was designed. To investigate the SAW characteristics of the filter, a transient analysis was conducted to calculate the electrical potential and particle displacement under the resonance condition and to analyze the frequency response. The study concluded that this new multilayer structure can be applied to design and manufacture a variety of high-frequency and wideband SAW filters with a temperature compensation function, for operation above the GHz range.

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10

Ruby, R., S. Gilbert, S. K. Lee, J. Nilchi, and S. W. Kim. "Novel Temperature-Compensated, Silicon SAW Design for Filter Integration." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 31, no. 6 (June 2021): 674–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2021.3068624.

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11

Park, Kyu-Chil, Yukio Kagawa, Takao Tsuchiya, and Ki-Ryang Cho. "Optimization of the frequency characteristics in saw filter design." Inverse Problems in Engineering 8, no. 5 (October 2000): 473–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/174159700088027742.

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12

Venkatalakshmi, B., and K. Radhika. "Design of Solid Mounted Components Using Bulk Acoustic Wave Technology for Communication." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 7579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.7579.

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Low power and portable systems working at high frequency are becoming a significant force in the communication industry. SAW filters have been used in wireless communication systems since the early days of mobile phones. But applications at the higher handset frequencies run up against the capability of conventional SAW structures. Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Technology, a relatively recent addition to this portfolio follows MEMS principle to design high performance microwave components for RF communication. Simulation of the Bulk Acoustic Resonator using Butterworth Van Dyke Model (BVD) Model and design of Ladder Filter with the designed resonator in the RF design platform Agilent ADS (Advanced Design System) have been presented. The simulated results confirm the tuning of operating frequency of designed BAW device at 2.4 GHz.

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13

Su, Rongxuan, Sulei Fu, Zengtian Lu, Junyao Shen, Huiping Xu, Zhibin Xu, Rui Wang, et al. "Over GHz bandwidth SAW filter based on 32° Y-X LN/SiO₂/poly-Si/Si heterostructure with multilayer electrode modulation." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 25 (June 20, 2022): 253501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0092767.

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Enhancing the central frequency ( fc) and bandwidth (BW) and reducing insertion loss (IL) are essential steps in surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter applications in the 5G era. With this in mind, we construct a 32° Y-X LiNbO3(300 nm)/SiO2(300 nm)/poly-Si(1 μm)/Si heterostructure to avoid both acoustic leakage through the waveguide effect and electrical loss through the introduction of a poly-Si layer. By separately modulating the electrode thicknesses of series and parallel resonators, the spurious modes can be mitigated out of the filter passband, preventing them from negatively impacting the filter characteristics. Moreover, to reduce Ohmic loss, an optimized design for an Al/Cu/Ti multilayer electrode is proposed as a replacement for the Cu/Ti electrode resonators built on Al/Cu/Ti electrodes provide a high resonance frequency of 3.76 GHz, a large electromechanical coupling coefficient of 23%, and a maximum quality factor of 1510 (twice that of the Cu/Ti electrodes). Finally, SAW filters with an fc of 3728 MHz and a 3-dB BW of 1052 MHz are implemented, with IL of 0.92 dB. The achieved specifications demonstrates that one-chip SAW filter is expected to become n77 band filtering solution.

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14

Campbell, C. K. "Narrow-Band Filter Design Using a Staggered Multimode SAW Resonator." IEEE Transactions on Sonics and Ultrasonics 32, no. 1 (January 1985): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-su.1985.31571.

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15

Xu, Huiping, Sulei Fu, Rongxuan Su, Peisen Liu, Rui Wang, Fei Zeng, Cheng Song, Weibiao Wang, and Feng Pan. "Dual-Passband SAW Filter Based on a 32°YX-LN/SiO2/SiC Multilayered Substrate." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (February 18, 2023): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020479.

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To meet the demands of highly integrated and miniaturized radio frequency front-end (RFFE) modules, multi-passband filters which support multi-channel compounding come to the foreground. In this work, we proposed a new design of a dual-passband surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter based on a 32°YX-LiNbO3 (LN)/SiO2/SiC multilayered structure. The filter is of a standalone ladder topology and comprises dual-mode resonators, in which the shear horizontal (SH) mode and high-order SH mode are simultaneously excited through electrode thickness modulation. The impact of electrode thickness on the performance of the dual-mode resonator was systematically investigated by the finite element method (FEM), and resonators were prepared and verified the simulation results. The electromechanical coupling coefficients (K2) of the SH modes are 15.1% and 17.0%, while the maximum Bode-Q (Qmax) values are 150 and 247, respectively, for the fabricated resonators with wavelengths of 1 μm and 1.1 μm. In terms of the high-order SH modes in these resonators, the K2 values are 9.8% and 8.4%, and Qmax values are 190 and 262, respectively. The fabricated dual-band filter shows the center frequencies (fc) of 3065 MHz and 4808 MHz as two bands, with 3-dB fractional bandwidths (FBW) of 5.1% and 5.9%, respectively. Such a dual-band SAW filter based on a conventional ladder topology is meaningful in terms of its compact layout and diminished area occupancy. This work provides a promising avenue to constitute a high-performance dual-passband SAW filter for sub-6 GHz RF application.

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16

ANDO, Keiko, Mitsunori MIKI, Chikashi ICHIKAWA, Tomoyuki HIROYASU, Yukinori SASAKI, and Daisuke MITANI. "Optimum Design of Ladder Type SAW Filter Using a Simulated Annealing." Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 20, no. 9 (2007): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.20.367.

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17

Priyanka, S. D. Joshi, and B. S. Panwar. "An iterative approach to design a SAW filter having desired response." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 52, no. 8 (August 2005): 1422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2005.1509803.

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18

Idachaba, Francis Enejo, and H. E. Orovwode. "Analysis of a Weaver, Hartley and Saw-Filter Based, Image Reject Architectures for Radio Receiver Design." Advanced Materials Research 367 (October 2011): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.199.

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This paper presents an analysis of the three popular image reject architectures used in radio receiver design. The SAW-filter based image reject architecture is the simplest to implement and has the lowest power consumption while the weaver is the most complex with the highest power consumption. The Hartley architecture which utilizes half the number of mixers used in the weaver architecture does not consume as much as the weaver architecture but is not as efficient due to the use of the 900phase shifter. The three architectures are optimized for various design specifications. The receiver design with power constraints is better realized using the SAW filter while the receiver with portability as its highest priority is better realized using the weaver architecture. The architecture implemented for any particular radio design is determined by the receiver specification with the highest priority.

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19

Ohnuki, Hideo, Norio Hosaka, Jun Yamada, and Takao Kobayashi. "Design of High-Frequency and Low-Loss SAW Filter Employing Multiple IDTs." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 28, S2 (January 1, 1989): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.28s2.217.

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20

Li, Honglang, Jiguo Wen, Ken-ya Hashimoto, Tatsuya Omori, and Masatsune Yamaguchi. "Optimal Design of an RSPUDT-Based SAW Filter with Constant Group Delay." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 54, no. 10 (October 2007): 1960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2007.489.

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21

Tagawa, Kiyoharu, Kenji Tokunaga, Hiromasa Haneda, Tsutomu Igaki, and Syunichi Seki. "Optimal Design of Three-IDT Type SAW Filter By using Variable Neighborhood Search." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 123, no. 3 (2003): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.123.407.

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22

Pabari, Jayesh P., A. B. Shah, N. M. Vadher, Vishal M. Shah, and Ashish Dubey. "Investigations on groove design for modulating frequency response of SAW RAC chirp filter." International Journal of Electronics 95, no. 11 (November 2008): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207210802389904.

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23

Springer, A., F. Hollerweger, F. H. Weigel, S. Berek, R. Thomas, W. Ruile, C. C. W. Ruppel, and M. Guglielmi. "Design and performance of a SAW ladder-type filter at 3.15 GHz using SAW mass-production technology [wireless LANs]." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 47, no. 12 (1999): 2312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.808976.

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24

Koigerov, A. S. "Achievement of Critical and Limiting Parameters in Surface Acoustic Wave Microdevices." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 24, no. 4 (August 24, 2022): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.24.199-207.

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Currently, acoustoelectronics devices (filters, delay lines, resonators, etc.) are used in various radio engineering systems. In addition, they are used in microsystem technology as the basis for microminiature sensors for various purposes — sensors ofphysical quantities (temperature, micro-displacement, acceleration, etc.). In the range from tens of megahertz to 2.5 GHz, surface acoustic wave micro-devices have become widespread. The field of technical applications of SAW micro-devices is rapidly developing. In order to withstand competition from other technologies, it is clear that it requires not only the improvement of common topological solutions, but also the development and research of new designs of SAW micro-devices capable of reaching limiting and critical parameters. It is also necessary to use modern methods and approaches to device modeling. Purpose: to review and analyze the problems of the current state of SAW devices from the point of view of achieving limit parameters. Results: It is shown that the stages of structural and parametric synthesis of topology are key aspects in the design of devices with limiting parameters. Some results of research and development of surface acoustic waves devices based obtained in the field of creating ultra-narrowband filters, ultra-wideband delay lines and unique radio tags based on a multi-band coupler are presented. A filter with minimal unevenness of the group delay time for a class of transversal filters is presented. It is shown that obtaining devices with limiting and critical parameters is possible only on the basis of interfacing the development of structural and technological, materials science, physical and circuit design principles. Modern approaches to analyzing the output characteristics of surface acoustic wave devices and wave processes in piezoelectric substrates are described.

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25

Chen, Zhenglin, Qiaozhen Zhang, Sulei Fu, Xiaoyu Wang, Xiaojun Qiu, and Haodong Wu. "Hybrid Full-Wave Analysis of Surface Acoustic Wave Devices for Accuracy and Fast Performance Prediction." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010005.

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In this paper, a hybrid full-wave analysis of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices is proposed to achieve accurate and fast simulation. The partial differential equation (PDE) models of the physical system in question and graphics processing unit (GPU)-assisted hierarchical cascading technology (HCT) are used to calculate acoustic-electric characteristics of a SAW filter. The practical solid model of the radio frequency (RF) filter package is constructed in High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software and the parasitic electromagnetics of the entire package is considered in the design process. The PDE-based models of the two-dimensional finite element method (2D-FEM) are derived in detail and solved by the PDE module embedded in COMSOL Multiphysics. Due to the advantages of PDE-based 2D-FEM, it is universal, efficient and not restricted to handling arbitrary materials and crystal cuts, electrode shapes, and multi-layered substrate. Combining COMSOL Multiphysics with a user-friendly interface, a flexible way of modeling and mesh generation, it can greatly reduce the complicated process of modeling and physical properties definition. Based on a hybrid full-wave analysis, we present an example application of this approach on a TC-SAW ladder filter with 5° YX-cut LiNbO3 substrate. Numerical results and measurements were calculated for comparison, and the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method were verified.

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26

Bilzer, H., P. Schuh, F. M. Pitschi, and W. Menzel. "A New Modular Design for Test and Application PCBs of SAW RF Filters to Ensure Precisely Predictable Filter Characteristics." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 52, no. 12 (December 2004): 2712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2004.838300.

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27

Liu, Yan, Yao Cai, Yi Zhang, Alexander Tovstopyat, Sheng Liu, and Chengliang Sun. "Materials, Design, and Characteristics of Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator: A Review." Micromachines 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070630.

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With the rapid commercialization of fifth generation (5G) technology in the world, the market demand for radio frequency (RF) filters continues to grow. Acoustic wave technology has been attracting great attention as one of the effective solutions for achieving high-performance RF filter operations while offering low cost and small device size. Compared with surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators, bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators have more potential in fabricating high- quality RF filters because of their lower insertion loss and better selectivity in the middle and high frequency bands above 2.5 GHz. Here, we provide a comprehensive review about BAW resonator researches, including materials, structure designs, and characteristics. The basic principles and details of recently proposed BAW resonators are carefully investigated. The materials of poly-crystalline aluminum nitride (AlN), single crystal AlN, doped AlN, and electrode are also analyzed and compared. Common approaches to enhance the performance of BAW resonators, suppression of spurious mode, low temperature sensitivity, and tuning ability are introduced with discussions and suggestions for further improvement. Finally, by looking into the challenges of high frequency, wide bandwidth, miniaturization, and high power level, we provide clues to specific materials, structure designs, and RF integration technologies for BAW resonators.

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Jiang, Hua, Wen Ke Lu, Yuan Yuan Li, and Shi Gen Shen. "Analysis of a Novel SAW Acceleration Sensor with Cantilever Beam Using ST-X Quartz." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.285.

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In order to improve the signal-noise rate (SNR) of the acceleration sensor system, this article analysis of the design principles of a novel surface acoustic wave (SAW) acceleration sensor with cantilever beam using ST-X quartz. The main structure of the novel SAW acceleration sensor is composed of two oscillator, a mixer and a low pass filter to get the difference frequency structure, which can inhibit temperature drift and lateral acceleration impact. The two oscillator have the same structure, which is constitute of a low insertion loss SAW delay line and a feedback amplifier. This article shows the simulation results of the force analysis of the cantilever beam free end using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The novel acceleration sensor has potential applications in portable mobile devices or automotive airbags fields.

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29

Das, Tarun Kumar, and Sayan Chatterjee. "Design of a compact symmetricalc-Band Micro Strip Band Pass Filter with Periodic Saw tooth Grooves." INROADS- An International Journal of Jaipur National University 5, no. 1s (2016): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2277-4912.2016.00049.7.

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30

Muller, G., J. Machui, L. Reindl, R. Weigel, and P. Russer. "Design of a low loss SAW reflector filter with extremely wide bandwidth for mobile communication systems." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 41, no. 12 (1993): 2147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.260699.

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31

Re, Marco, Andrea Del Re, and Gian Carlo Cardarilli. "Efficient Implementation of a Demultiplexer Based on a Multirate Filter Bank for the Skyplex Satellites DVB System." VLSI Design 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065514021000012048.

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In this paper, an extensive comparison among alternative algorithms for the implementation of a digital demultiplexer has been carried out. The computational complexity, the performances and the accuracy with respect to the quantization effects (quantization noise and coefficient quantization) have been evaluated for the different algorithms. The selected digital architecture has been designed to be compliant with the Eutelsat specifications for the Skyplex Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) television system (Re, M., Cardarilli, G.C., Del Re, A. and Lojacono R. (2000) “FPGA Implementation of a Demux based on a multirate filter bank”. International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2000, 5 (May), 353–356). At present, a more expensive and complex analog structure, based on six Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filters, is used. The new digital architecture has been mapped on six Altera Flex 10K-100 devices. The final test bed, that includes a complete interface to the demodulator, has been implemented on a four-layers PCB.

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32

Koigerov, Aleksey S. "Modern Physical-Mathematical Models and Methods for Design Surface Acoustic Wave Devices: COM Based P-Matrices and FEM in COMSOL." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 4353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224353.

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Comparative results of calculation and measurement of the frequency responses of the surface acoustic waves filter on a piezoelectric substrate of 64°YX-cut lithium niobate and delay line on a piezoelectric substrate of 128°YX-cut lithium niobate is presented. The calculation was performed on the basis of two approaches—the finite element method in the COMSOL Multiphysics software and using the model of coupling of modes based on P-matrices. A brief overview and features of each approach are presented. The calculation results based on the two approaches are in good agreement with each other and with the experimental results of measurements of the characteristics of the bandpass filter. The delay line operating with the use of the third harmonic frequency is calculated by FEM. The results showed a good match between numerical simulation and experiment. The considered approaches for designing SAW devices allow us to relatively quickly and accurately predict the frequency responses at the simulation stage, thereby reducing the number of experimental iterations and increasing the efficiency of development.

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33

KURATANI, Fumiyasu, and Shinpei ODA. "Modal Filter for a Disk and Its Application to the Evaluation of Tensioning Effect on a Circular Saw(Dynamics & Design Conference 2009)." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 76, no. 765 (2010): 1280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.76.1280.

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34

Miranda, Edson, Clodualdo Aranas, Samuel Rodrigues, Hélio Silva, Gedeon Reis, Antônio Paiva, and José Dos Santos. "Dispersion Diagram of Trigonal Piezoelectric Phononic Structures with Langasite Inclusions." Crystals 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050491.

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The dispersion relation of elastic Bloch waves in 1-3 piezoelectric phononic structures (PPnSs) with Langasite (La3Ga5SiO14) inclusions in a polymeric matrix is reported. Langasite presents promising material properties, for instance good temperature behaviour, high piezoelectric coupling, low acoustic loss and high quality factor. Furthermore, Langasite belongs to the point group 32 and has a trigonal structure. Thus, the 2-D bulk wave propagation in periodic systems with Langasite inclusions cannot be decoupled into XY and Z modes. The improved plane wave expansion (IPWE) is used to obtain the dispersion diagram of the bulk Bloch waves in 1-3 PPnSs considering the classical elasticity theory and D3 symmetry. Full band gaps are obtained for a broad range of frequency. The piezoelectricity enhances significantly the band gap widths and opens up a narrow band gap in lower frequencies for a filling fraction of 0.5. This study should be useful for surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter and 1-3 piezocomposite transducer design using PPnSs with Langasite.

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35

Liedtke, Francéia Veiga, Juliana Burges Sbicigo, Laura Tamborindeguy França, Ana Luiza Tonial, Alexandre de Pontes Nobre, and Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles. "Central Executive and Target Selection in Visual Working Memory." Psico-USF 27, no. 4 (October 2022): 649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712022270404.

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Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate if the selection of external information for storage in visual working memory requires control by the central executive when the categorization of targets is guided by instructions. The design was experimental 3 (concurrent task) x 2 (instruction). Forty-eight university students saw eight colored shapes, four of them surrounded by square outlines. Memory was assessed using a recognition task. Targets varied with instructions: targets were presented within squares in the first block and outside squares in the second block. There were three concurrent tasks: no task, articulatory suppression, and backward counting. Performance was measured by hits, false alarms, corrected recognition, and sensitivity (A’), compared using within-subject ANOVAs. Results showed a main effect only for concurrent task, with lower performance in the backward counting condition for all measures. These results suggest that the central executive does not control the perceptual filter, corroborating earlier results.

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36

Youngjin Lee, Seunghee Lee, and Yongrae Roh. "Design of withdrawal-weighted SAW filters." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 49, no. 3 (March 2002): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/58.990949.

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37

Rukhlenko, A. S. "Iterative WLS Design of SAW Bandpass Filters." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 54, no. 10 (October 2007): 1930–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2007.485.

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38

Fushimi, Shigeo, and Mikio Morimoto. "A design method of fir filters suitable for SAW filters." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 71, no. 2 (February 1988): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410710207.

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39

Kováč, Ondrej, and Ján Mihalík. "Banks of filters for implementation of DMWT of an image." Journal of Electrical Engineering 70, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2019-0076.

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Abstract We describee some possible options for implementation of the Discrete multiwavelet transform (DMWT) of an image by using filter banks. DMWT can be implemented by two channel bank of vector filters which are made by cross-connected scalar filters. The properties of DGHM, CL, BiHermite and SA4 multiwavelets are here analyzed, and compression analysis for output normalization of DMWT is performed. A procedure is design of equivalent replacing of 2 channel multifilters bank by 4 channel bank of single scalar filters. Finally, we deal with a possible reduction and combinations of subbands and suggest their use.

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40

Schwelb, O., E. L. Adler, and J. K. Slaboszewicz. "Modeling, simulation, and design of SAW grating filters." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 37, no. 3 (May 1990): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/58.55310.

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41

Деревянкин, С. И., Е. А. Ищенко, А. В. Останков, С. М. Фёдоров, and И. А. Черноиваненко. "IMPLEMENTATION OF BAND-PASS FILTERS BASED ON SIW TECHNOLOGY." ВЕСТНИК ВОРОНЕЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА, no. 1 (March 10, 2023): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2023.19.1.007.

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исследуется методика синтеза полосовых фильтров в SIW-исполнении на основе E- и H-диафрагм. Реализация полосового фильтра предполагает формирование резонансных полостей в канале волновода. Для синтеза полосовых фильтров сгенерирована модель SIW-волновода с критической частотой 8 ГГц, после чего в канале сформированы резонансные полости на основе диафрагм. Для установления размеров диафрагм сформированы модели на основе прямоугольного волновода с воздушным заполнением и полосой рабочих частот, увеличенной с учётом неединичной относительной диэлектрической проницаемости среды. В соответствии с принципом электродинамического подобия получены оценочные частоты полос пропускания SIW-фильтров. После формирования полной модели SIW полосовых фильтров установлено, что удается сохранить высокие показатели передачи в полосе пропускания и подавления в полосе задержания. Смещение частоты среза от предполагаемого значения, полученного на основе принципа электродинамического подобия, составило порядка 0.5 ГГц. Представленные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что волноводные полосовые фильтры могут быть эффективно реализованы в SIW-исполнении, а рассмотренная методика синтеза фильтров по SIW-технологии вполне пригодна для практического использования. Для коррекции смещения полосы рабочих частот и ширины полосы пропускания показаны предыскажения указанных показателей на начальных этапах синтеза the article studies the possibility of forming a band-pass filter in SIW design based on E- and H-diaphragms. Formation of a bandpass filter is based on the principle of the appearance of resonant cavities in the wave-water channel. To form a bandpass filter, an SIW waveguide model with a critical frequency of 8 GHz was created, after which resonant cavities were formed in the channel using diaphragms. To determine the dimensions of the diaphragms, models of a rectangular waveguide with air filling and a range of operating frequencies increased by the root of the dielectric constant of the medium times were obtained. By applying the principles of electrodynamic similarity, estimated passband frequencies for the SIW filter were obtained. After the formation of the full SIW model of the band pass filter, it was found that it is possible to maintain high transmission in the passband and rejection in the stopband. The frequency shift from the target value obtained using the electrodynamic similarity method was about 0.5 GHz. The above results show that waveguide bandpass filters can be implemented in the SIW design, which allows for the selection of electromagnetic waves, which will expand the range of devices in which the use of SIW waveguides is possible

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42

Tagawa, Kiyoharu. "Optimum Design of Balanced SAW Filters Using Differential Evolution." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 128, no. 3 (2008): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.128.462.

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43

Reddy, A. R. "Design of SAW bandpass filters using new window functions." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 35, no. 1 (January 1988): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/58.4147.

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44

Wang, Hualei, Hui Zhong, Yu Shi, and Ken-Ya Hashimoto. "Design of narrow bandwidth elliptic-type SAW/BAW filters." Electronics Letters 48, no. 10 (2012): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.0325.

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45

Tagawa, Kiyoharu, Yukinori Sasaki, and Hiroyuki Nakamura. "Multi-objective Optimum Design of SAW Filters Using Differential Evolution." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 130, no. 7 (2010): 1238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.130.1238.

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46

Vigil, A. J., D. C. Malocha, and M. A. Belkerdid. "Design of SAW FIR filters for quadrature binary modulation systems." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 40, no. 5 (September 1993): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/58.238102.

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47

Yatsuda, H. "Design techniques for SAW filters using slanted finger interdigital transducers." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 44, no. 2 (March 1997): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/58.585130.

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48

Antсev, I. G., S. V. Bogoslovsky, G. A. Sapognikov, and A. R. Zhezherin. "SINGLE-PHASE UNIDIRECTIONAL TRANSDUCERS ANALYSIS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE FILTERS DESIGN." Issues of radio electronics, no. 2 (February 20, 2019): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-2-58-70.

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The unidirectional interdigital transducer topology features when designing SAW filters are considered. As well there are considered physical properties of various piezo‑crystals with different types of cut that allow to realize unidirectional operation of interdigital transducer. There are analyzed the conditions when the »natural» directivity of interdigital transducer becomes possible, topological variety of such transducers are considered. Various types of topology for transducers with a constant aperture are presented. Influence of the form, topology and dimensions of electrodes on characteristics of devices with directional interdigital transducers is analyzed. Influence of substrates technological parameters and interdigital transducers elements (electrodes material and thickness, substrate crystals types and cuts) on the value of attenuation and level of false signals is considered. Articles of functional electronics and SAW piezoelectric filters are used in various radio systems. Creation of passive wireless monitoring systems with use of SAW devices is considered as a separate direction of research.

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49

Subrahmanyam, G. R. K. S., A. N. Rajagopalan, and R. Aravind. "A Recursive Filter for Despeckling SAR Images." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 17, no. 10 (October 2008): 1969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2008.2002160.

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50

Sriranjani, R., and S. Jayalalitha. "Adaptive filter based current controller for Shunt Active filter." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.24 (April 25, 2018): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.24.12504.

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This paper deals with the harmonic mitigation and reactive power compensation using Shunt Active filter. The performance of the Shunt active filter depends on the design and current control technique for generating a reference current. The design of the filter involves the iterative procedure for choosing the filter components so that it compensates the harmonics and reactive power for maximum load condition. The current controller method adopted for indirect current control technique where the reference signal is similar to the supply current signal. The Adaptive filter used in current controller mitigates harmonics and reactive power and voltage control loop of SAF balancing the active power between the load and supply unit. The learning rate is fixed by repeated simulation. The SAF active filter is tested in four load condition ie., nonlinear load(37% Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)),highly nonlinear load(>100% THD), linear load(<8% THD, power factor(pf) <0.5) and both nonlinear and linear load(37% THD and 0.7 pf). The study is carried out in MATLAB Simulink and the results are presented.

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