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Academic literature on the topic 'Saving potentials in hydropower'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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Obodovskyi, O., K. Danko, O. Pochaievets, and Yu Obodovskyi. "Methods of assessment hydropower potential of the rivers (the example of Ukrainian Carpathians rivers)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 64 (2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2016.64.1.

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Based on current realities of the massive need of alternative sources of energy and energy-efficiency and energy-saving the algorithm and method of determining hydropower potential of rivers were presented in the article. Approbation of the algorithm and methodology was made on streams Ukrainian Carpathians. The approach of determining hydropower potential by defining its four components was proposed based on the results of approbation. The four components are – total, environmental, technically possible and economically effectively hydropower potentials. This approach provides an estimate of potential energy resources streams, taking into account the potential loss energy capacity, helps prevent these losses and the efficient use of hydropower. Sequence determination of total hydropower potential, as indicative of full theoretical energy characteristics of river flow was justified. Expediency definition and concept of assessing the ecological and particularly technically feasible hydropower potential has been proven. Criteria expert risk of losses technically possible hydropower potential of watercourses was proposed. The scheme of distribution basin hydropower potential has been presented and analyzed in the article. The scheme provides forecasting algorithm changes hydropower, given the prospects of global climate change and fluctuations in water flow as a consequence.

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García, Irene Fernández, David Ferras, and Aonghus McNabola. "Potential Micro-Hydropower Generation in Community-Owned Rural Water Supply Networks in Ireland." Proceedings 2, no. 11 (July 30, 2018): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2110677.

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The potential of micro-hydropower generation has been evaluated in seven community-owned rural water supply networks (CORWSN) in Ireland. The replacement of the existing infrastructure in place to reduce pressure in the networks with micro-hydropower turbines (Scenario 1) was considered. New potential locations for additional pressure reduction were also considered (Scenario 2). An assessment of the energy potential and economic viability of each site was carried out, including quantification of leakage reduction impacts. While only one of the seven CORWSNs showed two potential sites with power higher than 1 kW, the power generated can still have significant impacts on local energy demands. The estimated total energy saved in Scenario 2 ranged from 0.63 MWh year−1 to 84.5 MWh year−1 according to the micro-hydropower potential in each CORWSN. Furthermore, water savings from 4348 € m−3 to 73,264 € m−3 were estimated due to the reduction of leakage volume after installing micro-hydropower turbines at the potential sites detected in Scenario 2. Thus, the water cost saving associated to the reduction of leakage volume makes the incorporation of this element in the networks feasible.

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Misiuk, Mykola, Tetiana Podorozhna, Olha Balynska, Oleg Kucher, and Oleksandr Burlakov. "Development of small hydroenergy in Ukraine and its legal regulation." E3S Web of Conferences 154 (2020): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015406003.

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The state and prospects of small hydropower development in the context of rationalization of the use of available natural resource potential of Ukraine were considered. It was established that due to insignificant specific weight in the general energy balance, small hydropower cannot significantly affect the structure of energy supply of the country. Attention was drawn to the fact that the adopted State Target Economic Program for Energy Efficiency and the Development of Energy Saving for Renewable Energy Sources and Alternative Fuels for 2010-2020 will promote the use of the potential of small rivers and the development of hydropower. It was noted that the conducted calculations for the future with the help of correlation analysis of installed capacities and production of electricity by small hydropower objects showed that in 2020, at the current rate of development of small hydropower, the planned indicators will not be achieved. The legal principles of functioning of the market of electric energy and formation of relations connected with the development of small hydropower, which are regulated by the Laws of Ukraine and other legislative acts in the field of fuel and energy complex were described.

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Liu, Yue, Weibin Huang, Guangwen Ma, Shijun Chen, and Jinlong Wang. "Competitiveness of hydropower price and preferential policies for hydropower development in Tibet and the Sichuan-Yunnan Tibetan area of China." Water Policy 20, no. 6 (July 31, 2018): 1092–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.122.

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Abstract Tibet and the Sichuan-Yunnan Tibetan area have enormous potential for hydropower development. Therefore, accelerating hydropower development in these areas can contribute to water resource utilisation and help relieve the poverty, which has also become a necessary choice of national strategic importance to comply with energy-saving, emission reduction, and ‘power transmission from west to east’ policies. Under existing policies, research has shown that the basic costs of electricity from the typical plants in Tibet and the Sichuan-Yunnan Tibetan area are high and uncompetitive, so that investment enthusiasm for hydropower companies will wane and water resource utilisation will be affected. In this study, we suggest policies to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the hydropower development in the Tibet and Sichuan-Yunnan Tibetan areas; eventually, the water resources therein can be more effectively utilised. Research has indicated that drafted preferential policies can effectively decrease the cost price. Additionally, the hydropower industry in these areas should be incorporated into the national primary energy balance, forming a government-dominated market mechanism. This would consist of a mandatory market share of the hydropower transmitted from Tibet and the Sichuan-Yunnan Tibetan area and hydropower–carbon trade mechanism – the aim being to promote the consumption of hydropower across the nation.

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Fernández García, Irene, David Ferras, and Aonghus Mc Nabola. "Potential of Energy Recovery and Water Saving Using Micro-Hydropower in Rural Water Distribution Networks." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 145, no. 3 (March 2019): 05019001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001045.

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Quaranta, Emanuele, Manuel Bonjean, Damiano Cuvato, Christophe Nicolet, Matthieu Dreyer, Anthony Gaspoz, Samuel Rey-Mermet, et al. "Hydropower Case Study Collection: Innovative Low Head and Ecologically Improved Turbines, Hydropower in Existing Infrastructures, Hydropeaking Reduction, Digitalization and Governing Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 8873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218873.

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Hydropower remains a key renewable energy source in the pursuit of the decarbonization of the economy, although the relatively high potential impact of the hydro-morphological alterations it may cause poses significant concerns for aquatic ecosystems. In the last years, new technologies and practices have been increasingly adopted to minimize the impacts of hydropower plants, while improving efficiency and flexibility of energy generation. The overall effect of these innovations may be a more sustainable design and operation of hydropower, striking a better balance between the objectives of decarbonization and ecosystem protection. This contribution presents and discusses a few representative examples of hydropower installations from companies in Italy, France, Switzerland, Belgium and the USA, where solutions have been adopted in this direction. The case studies cover (1) ecologically improved and low head hydropower converters (Vortex turbine, Hydrostatic Pressure Machine, VLH and Girard-optimized turbines, hydrokinetic turbines), hydropeaking reduction (2) new control systems, governors and digitalization, (3) hydropower as a strategy for local sustainable development and (4) energy recovery in existing hydraulic infrastructures and aqueducts. It was found that better-governing systems can extend the life span of runners, for example avoiding the runner uplift during a trip. Digitalization can improve efficiency by 1.2%. New sustainable practices and turbines with better ecological behavior can minimize environmental impacts, like the reduction of fish mortality, improvement of fish habitat availability, reduction of oil for lubrication purposes and generation of economic incomes for local development. The use of existing structures reduces the total installation cost: examples are the total saving of 277 €/kW by reusing irrigation pipes and reservoirs, or the reduction of the investment period from 9 years to 6 years by turbining the environmental flow. Innovative low head hydropower converters can exhibit good ecological behavior, with reduced costs (<5000 €/kW) especially when installed in existing weirs. Results are discussed, contextualized and generalized to provide engineering data and tools to support future realizations of similar case studies; normalized costs, efficiency improvement, best practices and new technologies are discussed.

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Altinbilek, Dogan, Karin Seelos, and Richard Taylor. "Hydropower's Role in Delivering Sustainability." Energy & Environment 16, no. 5 (September 2005): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830505774478503.

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Johannesburg's World Summit on Sustainable Development stipulated in its Implementation Plan that hydropower of all scales should be included in the drive to increase the contribution of renewable energy. This can be achieved through the plant-life extension and upgrading of existing schemes, as well as by the sustainable development of new projects according to the needs, opportunities and resources available. Hydropower is the world's largest source of renewable energy used for power generation; it accounts for 19 percent of the world's supply (by 2010 wind power is expected to contribute 0.6 percent and solar power 0.12 percent1. Hydropower is also a truly global resource, as more than 150 countries generate hydroelectric power. There is about 730 GW of hydro capacity in operation worldwide, generating 2650 TWh/year. A further 101 GW is under construction and 338 GW is at the planning stage2. Hydropower plays an important role in reducing global GHG emissions by an estimated 10 percent per annum; in its current role, hydropower offsets 4.4 million barrels of oil-equivalent3 (thermal electric generation) each day. There is vast unexploited potential worldwide for new hydro plants, with only 33 percent of the economic potential having been developed so far. The majority of the remaining potential exists in lesser developed countries in Asia, South America and Africa. For example, Europe has developed 75 percent of its economic potential, whereas Africa has only developed seven percent. Hydropower technologies are reliable, advanced and efficient. The energy conversion efficiency of 80 to 93 percent is far higher than that for other major types of power plant. The level of service from the various types of hydro scheme varies from base-load supply, typically from run-of-river schemes, to peak-load and system-back-up services from hydro storage schemes. In regions where there is long-developed hydro capacity, plant-life extension can be achieved by the replacement of equipment within existing infrastructure; this can extend the operating life by a further 30 to 50 years. Small-scale, decentralised development has been responsible for bringing light and power to remote communities. Such schemes have catalysed local commercial diversification and prosperity. The lower investment demand of smaller schemes has enabled private sector involvement through independent power production. Typically smaller schemes become grid connected if the power system is accessible, as this increases the security of supply. Furthermore, schemes at remote sites can assist transmission system stability. A further important role of smaller scale hydro is the recovery of energy at water infrastructure developed for other purposes. In many countries, large schemes play a significant role in national and regional supply security due to the flexibility of storage reservoirs and independence from fuel price fluctuations. Hydro also integrates well with other generation technologies, with its flexibility enabling thermal plants to operate steadily (saving fuel and reducing emissions). In addition, its responsiveness permits the back-up of the intermittent renewables. The question of storage is clearly a major issue in balancing supply and demand. Hydro reservoirs and pumped-storage schemes offer security in the stability and reliability of power systems; they can absorb power when there is an excess and follow load demand instantaneously. A major challenge is that ‘support’ and ‘storage’ services are rarely understood and encouraged in the market-driven arena. The main arguments against hydropower concern its social impacts, such as land transformation, displacement of people, and environmental changes, i.e. fauna, flora, sedimentation and water quality. The social and environmental impacts can, however, be mitigated by taking appropriate steps according to established codes of good practice. As a tool for this purpose, the hydropower sector has recently developed and adopted Sustainability Guidelines. These Guidelines are currently being tested by a number of governments and international organisations.

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Rocha, Gisele O. Da, Jeancarlo P. Dos Anjos, and Jailson B. De Andrade. "Energy trends and the water-energy binomium for Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 87, no. 2 (June 2015): 569–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140560.

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According to the demands of energy saving and carbon emission reduction, the water vs. energy nexus has become a major concern worldwide. Brazil occupies a singular position in the global energy system. A major portion of the Brazilian occupancies has electricity and the energy system expansion that, at first, possesses adequate means for supporting the economic growing may experience some turnovers. The Brazil determination through alternative fuels was a natural choice, given its large hydropower potential and land agricultural base. In the transportation sector Brazil has developed its energy matrix towards an important rate of ethanol and biodiesel. Although those fuels are low carbon emitter, they may probably not be an affordable alternative regarding land use, food security and water footprint. In this way, considering the recent advances in the exploration of oil from Pre-salt (9-15 million barrels) and the discovery of shale gas wells up to 245 tcf, together to unfavorable social and environmental issues associated to biofuels, the Brazilian energy matrix might turn back to the fossil fuels again. These represent challenges to the Brazilian policymakers and how they will be solved will reflect not only in Brazil but also to the world at large.

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Goor, Q., C. Halleux, Y. Mohamed, and A. Tilmant. "Optimal operation of a multipurpose multireservoir system in the Eastern Nile River Basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 10 (October 12, 2010): 1895–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1895-2010.

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Abstract. The upper Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia is a largely untapped resource despite its huge potential for hydropower generation and irrigated agriculture. Controversies exist as to whether the numerous infrastructural development projects that are on the drawing board in Ethiopia will generate positive or negative externalities downstream in Sudan and Egypt. This study attempts at (1) examining the (re-)operation of infrastructures, in particular the proposed reservoirs in Ethiopia and the High Aswan Dam and (2) assessing the economic benefits and costs associated with the storage infrastructures in Ethiopia and their spatial and temporal distribution. To achieve this, a basin-wide integrated hydro-economic model has been developed. The model integrates essential hydrologic, economic and institutional components of the river basin in order to explore both the hydrologic and economic consequences of various policy options and planned infrastructural projects. Unlike most of the deterministic economic-hydrologic models reported in the literature, a stochastic programming formulation has been adopted in order to: (i) understand the effect of the hydrologic uncertainty on management decisions, (ii) determine allocation policies that naturally hedge against the hydrological risk, and (iii) assess the relevant risk indicators. The study reveals that the development of four mega dams in the upper part of the Blue Nile Basin would change the drawdown refill cycle of the High Aswan Dam. Should the operation of the reservoirs be coordinated, they would enable an average annual saving of at least 2.5 billion m3 through reduced evaporation losses from the Lake Nasser. Moreover, the new reservoirs (Karadobi, Beko-Abo, Mandaya and Border) in Ethiopia would have significant positive impacts on hydropower generation and irrigation in Ethiopia and Sudan: at the basin scale, the annual energy generation is boosted by 38.5 TWh amongst which 14.2 TWh due to storage. Moreover, the regulation capacity of the above mentioned reservoirs would enable an increase of the Sudanese irrigated area by 5.5%.

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Goor, Q., C. Halleux, Y. Mohamed, and A. Tilmant. "Optimal operation of a multipurpose multireservoir system in the Eastern Nile River Basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 4 (July 6, 2010): 4331–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-4331-2010.

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Abstract. The upper Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia is a largely untapped resource despite its huge potential for hydropower generation and irrigated agriculture. Controversies exist as to whether the numerous infrastructural development projects that are on the drawing board in Ethiopia will generate positive or negative externalities downstream in Sudan and Egypt. This study attempts at 1) examining the (re-)operation of infrastructures, in particular the proposed reservoirs in Ethiopia and the High Aswan Dam and 2) assessing the economic benefits and costs associated with the storage infrastructures in Ethiopia and their spatial and temporal distribution. To achieve this, a basin-wide integrated hydro-economic model has been developed. The model integrates essential hydrologic, economic and institutional components of the river basin in order to explore both the hydrologic and economic consequences of various policy options and planned infrastructural projects. Unlike most of the deterministic economic-hydrologic models reported in the literature, a stochastic programming formulation has been adopted in order to: i) understand the effect of the hydrologic uncertainty on management decisions, ii) determine allocation policies that naturally hedge against the hydrological risk, and iii) assess the relevant risk indicators. The study reveals that the development of four mega dams in the upper part of the Blue Nile Basin would change the drawdown refill cycle of the High Aswan Dam. Should the operation of the reservoirs be coordinated, they would enable an average annual saving of at least 2.5 billion m3 through reduced evaporation losses from the Lake Nasser. Moreover, the new reservoirs (Karadobi, Beko-Abo, Mandaya and Border) in Ethiopia would have significant positive impacts on hydropower generation and irrigation in Ethiopia and Sudan: at the basin scale, the annual energy generation is boosted by 38.5 TWh amongst which 14.2 TWh due to storage. Moreover, the regulation capacity of the above mentioned reservoirs would enable an increase of the Sudanese irrigated area by 5.5%.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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Lundberg, Camilla. "An inventory of the saving potential at Fortum's hydropower plants : with respect to the wicket gate leakage and transformers' no-load losses." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-162868.

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Luedtke, Elin. "Minimizing Transformer No-Load Losses at Hydropower Plants : A Study of Effects from Transformer Switch-Off During Stand-by Operation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447635.

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Hydropower is the most important power balancing resource in the Swedish electrical power system, regulating the power supply to match the load. Consequently, several hydropower plants have periods of stand-by operation where the power production is absent but where several devices within a plant are still active. Such a device is the step-up power transformer, which during stand-by operation still generates no-load energy losses. These losses can accumulate to a considerable amount of energy and costs during the long technical lifetime of the apparatus. One option to minimize these no-load energy losses is by turning the transformer off when its generating unit is in stand-by operation. However, when this transformer operational change has been explained to experts in the field, the most common response has been that a more frequent reenergizing of a transformer leads to higher risks for errors or transformer breakdowns. This study aimed to analytically investigate three effects from this operational change. First, the potential of fatigue failure for the windings due to the increased sequences of inrush current. Secondly, the thermal cycling as a consequence of change in present losses. Lastly, the energy and economic saving potentials for hydropower plants where this operational adjustment is applied. The study used both established as well as analytical tools explicitly created for this study. These were then applied on currently active transformers in different plant categories in Fortum’s hydropower fleet. The study primarily showed three things. Firstly, risk of fatigue failure due to the increased presence of inrush currents did not affect the transformer’s technical lifetime. Secondly, the thermal cycling changes were slightly larger with absent no-load losses during stand-by operation. The average temperature for the transformer decreased, which in general is seen as a positive indicator for a longer insulation lifetime and thus the transformer’s technical lifetime. Finally, the created frameworks showed the potential of saving energy and money for all plant categories, where the potential grew with the installed production capacity and the stand-by operation timeshare. Despite the simplifications made to describe the complex reality of a transformer operating in a hydropower plant, this thesis contributes to lay a foundation for future investigation of an easy adjustment to avoid unnecessary energy losses and costs for transformers in hydropower plants.

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Badia, Canal Jordi. "Fuel Saving Potentials of HDVs through Platooning based on Real GPS Traces." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145341.

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In the last years, the increase of the fuel price and the need to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions have triggered the research on lowering the fuel consumption within the transport sector. The research not only involves the development of more efficient engines but also the exploration of new transportation paradigms. One promising approach is to create vehicle platoons, i.e. convoys of vehicles driving close to each other. Vehicles driving close behind benefit from the reduction of the air drag and hence their overall fuel consumptions are reduced. This work focuses on studying platoons of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). More specifically, the work analyzes real position data of an HDV fleet from one manufacturer. The objective is to determine the potentials to reduce the fuel consumption of the fleet through platoon formations, using low sampled GPS traces obtained from the fleet management system. Map matching and path inference algorithms have been developed to reconstruct the path of the vehicles on a given road network. The reconstructed paths are used to analyze the vehicles’ positions and inter-vehicle distances. Results show that the vehicles are widely spread. The average distance to the closest vehicle is greater than 20km, which limits the platoon opportunities. Although with limited platoon opportunities, potential fuel savings up to 0.14% of the whole fleet’s consumption have been obtained. Results suggest that fuel savings can be largely improved if the density of vehicles in the road network is increased.

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Imran, Shabbir. "Evaluation of energy saving and energy efficiency potentials in industrial processes through energy benchmarking and implementation of cogeneration technologies." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.736953.

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Richter, Christian P. [Verfasser]. "In-house Consumer Study on Dishwashing Habits in Four European Countries: Saving Potentials in Households with Dishwashing machine / Christian P Richter." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1081885432/34.

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RIFAI, Nabil. "Monitoring the energy consumption in buildings in B2B sector." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183387.

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This report discusses the ambition of EDF, a French electricity provider, to offer new services to its customers. With the emergence of the smart grid that will be operational in 2020 in France, there are several opportunities that have to be taken. One of them is to be able to offer a suitable monitoring system to its customer. This study tried to emphasize the important aspects and features that are required in such a system. Several solutions that are currently being commercialized in France have been analyzed. A grading has been made according to the technical functionalities and the business models have been analyzed. Recommendations for EDF have also been made in order to help the company to choose the right monitoring system.

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Nilsson, Anneli, and Fanny Hedberg. "Energikartläggning enligt ISO 50001 : En kartläggning av en industrianläggning för betong." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25640.

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Den här rapporten har skrivits som en del av ett examensarbete på energiingenjörsprogrammet på Högskolan i Halmstad under våren 2014. Examensarbetet har genomförts i samarbete med AB Färdig Betong samt ÅF Infrastructure AB i Göteborg. Syftet med projektet är att undersöka energibesparingspotentialen hos AB Färdig Betongs produktionsanläggning på Ringön i Göteborg. Projektet har inneburit en energikartläggning av en industriell produktionsanläggning för lösbetong. Utgångspunkt för energikartläggningen har varit energiledningssystemet ISO 50001, med målsättningen att ta fram en teknisk energikartläggningsrapport i enlighet med standarden. Anläggningen har analyserats ur ett energibesparingsperspektiv. Data- och informationsinsamling samt mätningar har genomförts för att ta fram indata som beräkningsunderlag. Genom beräkningar har sedan möjliga energibesparingspotentialer och åtgärdsförslag tagits fram. Den totala energibesparingspotentialen för anläggningen innebär en besparing på 223 MWh av anläggningens totala energianvändning på 857 MWh år 2013, vilket motsvarar en minskning med omkring 26 %. Allmänna slutsatser är bland annat att all produktionsutrustning bör placeras inom klimatskalet, att all uppvärmning bör vara temperaturreglerad samt att ett mer långsiktigt energiperspektiv behövs i anläggningen. Energibesparingsmöjligheterna för anläggningen är mycket goda och investeringskostnaderna är i allmänhet låga.
This report has been written as part of a degree project at the Bachelor’s programme in energy engineering at Halmstad University in the spring of 2014. The project was made in collaboration with AB Färdig Betong and ÅF Infrastructure AB in Gothenburg. The project aims to investigate the potential energy savings of AB Färdig Betong’s production plant at Ringön in Gothenburg. The project was to make an energy audit of an industrial production plant for concrete. The starting point for the energy audit has been the ISO 50001 energy management system with the aim to develop a technical energy audit report in accordance with the standard. The plant has been analyzed from an energy perspective. Measurements, collection of data and information has been carried out to develop the input data basis. Through calculations, potential energy savings and proposals for actions were developed. Among the four largest energy saving potentials, there are two that have no investment cost at all. The total of all potentials represent a saving of 26 % of the total plant energy consumption of 857 MWh in 2013. General conclusions include that all production should be located within the building, that all heating should be temperature regulated and that a long term perspective on energy use is needed.

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Chang, Cheng-Kuang, and 張振光. "Study of Specific Energy Consumption and Energy Saving Potentials in Electronic Industry -----IC Package Plants、IC Testing Plants、Flash Memory Plants、Cell Phone Plants、UPS Plants & MLCC Plants." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9kq625.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
冷凍與低溫科技研究所
96
Currently, the electronics industry in Taiwan is primarily of high-tech Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) and Original Design Manufacturer (ODM). Electronics industry is not only capital- and technology-intensive, but also energy-intensive. Since the Kyoto Global Warming Conference in December 1997, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial processes has become an important issue. The electronics industry in Taiwan often encounters lack of energy consumption benchmark during the design,operating, maintence stage when promoting and executing energy conservation. The goals of this thesis is to provide specific energy consumption as references for the industries, plant builders, and Energy Service Company (ESCO), thereby help enhance the energy efficiency, reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, and the competitiveness of the electronics industries. The scope of this study includes six electronic product types: IC packaging, IC testing, flash memory, cell phones, uninterrupted electric system (UPS), and Multi-Layer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCC). The measured unit energy consumption is based on 100% productivity of the actual manufacturing process. In addition, the sampled plants’ production must account for more than 60% of the national production. The data collection method is based on audited reports, on-site observations, and telephone interviews. Based on the various reports, surveys analyis, and discussions with the manufacturers, we arrived at the following consensus regarding the specific energy consumption, conservation, and reduction of emission CO2 .If based on the top runnig of specific energy comsunption to improve process and faicily efficiency. The energy savig and reduction of CO2 emission can be achieve 346,865,180 kwh and 220,953ton.

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Books on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. H.R. 6247, Saving our Dams and New Hydropower Development and Jobs Act of 2012: Legislative field hearing before the Committee on Natural Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, second session, Wednesday, August 15, 2012, in Pasco, Washington. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2013.

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Grady, Colin. Saving the Planet Through Green Energy: Solar Energy / Geotherma Energy / Wind Energy / Fossil Fuels / Nuclear Energy / Hydropower. Enslow Pub Inc, 2017.

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Mehdi, Ali. A Shot of Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199490592.001.0001.

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Children have been guaranteed an equal right to life, yet millions of them continue to die due to preventable causes. Their deaths are widely perceived as a biomedical issue, with vaccinations being presented as the ultimate life-saving intervention. This book argues that a clear and consistent pattern of preventable child deaths is primarily a problem of justice. It engages with the debate on ‘equalisandum’—what (metric) needs to be equalized across individuals in a just society—in modern theories of justice in the context of trends in child survival and access to its determinants among selected groups in India. It argues that Amartya Sen’s multifocal metric of justice—with a central focus on ‘maximal potentials’ or ‘capabilities’—is more plausible than its counterparts since it allows equity considerations to be met without compromising the potentials of the better-off or aggregative concerns. It concludes that such an approach to justice is relevant for affirmative action policies too, which have long been a source of enormous resentment, especially in India and the United States.

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Book chapters on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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Höppe, Alexander. "Identification of Cost-Saving Potentials." In Challenges Between Competition and Collaboration, 261–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05195-5_28.

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Sciarretta, Antonio, and Ardalan Vahidi. "Energy Saving Potentials of CAVs." In Energy-Efficient Driving of Road Vehicles, 1–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24127-8_1.

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Zirn, Oliver, Fabian Schmiel, and Matthias Dellermann. "Traction energy saving potentials for electric cars with gear shift." In Proceedings, 266–74. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25939-6_23.

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Reißmann, Daniel, and Matthias Buchert. "Saving Natural Resources Through Conversion and Constructional Densification in Urban Areas: Ecological Potentials and Limits." In Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science, 263–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50079-9_16.

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Fandl, Robert Christian, and Tobias Held. "Sustainable Development Partnerships: Development of an Estimation Model of CO2 and Cost-Saving Potentials in German Foundry Value Chains." In Social and Environmental Dimensions of Organizations and Supply Chains, 79–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59587-0_6.

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"Instruments to Realize Energy Saving Potentials in the German Residential Sector." In Strategies and Technologies for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation, edited by Wolfgang Feist and Witta Ebel, 249–68. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429438653-17.

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Ritters, K., P. Winkelhahn, L. Frerichs, and B. Kriebel. "Determining saving potentials in a tractor drivetrain using a simulation model and measured operating data." In Land.Technik AgEng 2017, 297–302. VDI Verlag, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023006-297.

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Brezger, F., and A. Moser. "Energy Saving Potentials by Advanced Functionalities of Clutch or Brake actuator Systems for Vehicle Drivetrains." In Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016, 137–56. VDI Verlag, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764-137.

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Oyedepo, Sunday Olayinka. "Energy Use and Energy Saving Potentials in Food Processing and Packaging: Case Study of Nigerian Industries." In Bottled and Packaged Water, 423–52. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-815272-0.00015-5.

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Layeni, Abayomi, Collins Nwaokocha, Olalekan Olamide, Solomon Giwa, Samuel Tongo, Olawale Onabanjo, Taiwo Samuel, et al. "Computational Analysis of a Lecture Room Ventilation System." In Zero-Energy Buildings - New Approaches and Technologies. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92725.

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The level of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has become a big topic of research, and improving it using passive ventilation methods is imperative due to the cost saving potentials. Designing lecture buildings to use less energy or Zero Energy (ZE) has become more important, and analysing buildings before construction can save money in design changes. This research analyses the performance (thermal comfort [TC]) of a lecture room, investigate the use of passive ventilation methods and determine the energy-saving potential of the proposed passive ventilation method using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Results obtained showed that air change per hour at a wind velocity of 0.05 m/s was 3.10, which was below standards. Therefore, the lecture hall needs external passive ventilation systems (Solar Chimney [SC]) for improved indoor air quality at minimum cost. Also, it was observed that the proposed passive ventilation (SC) system with the size between 1 and 100 m3, made an improvement upon the natural ventilation in the room. There was a 66.69% increase after 10 years in the saving of energy and cost using Solar Chimney as compared to Fans, which depicts that truly energy and cost were saved using passive ventilation systems rather than mechanical ventilation systems.

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Conference papers on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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Leemans, Adam, Martin Baker, Gunnar Tamm, Daniel Andrews, Elsa Johnson, Brendan Hickey, and Nathaniel Martins. "Energy Security Analysis for West Point Training Camps." In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6682.

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The United States Military Academy has been charged with reaching Net Zero Energy consumption by 2020. Feasibility assessments to this point have neglected the field facilities used for military training, which are remote locations susceptible to power loss and subject to a higher rate structure for electricity than the rest of the installation. An energy security analysis methodology is described and applied to the training camps at West Point. This began with identifying the mission of the camps and critical power needs based on discussions with the customer, the Director of Cadet Military Training. Details of power and energy usage along with supply and delivery cost structure were provided by the utility and the facility Energy Manager. Conventional and renewable resource potentials were assessed to meet the load profile within financial constraints and funding opportunities unique to a federal government agency. The final recommendation is to incorporate three different technologies: a 50 kW photovoltaic solar system installed through a power purchase agreement, two small scale hydropower systems totaling 30 kW, and a lake based cooling system to provide air conditioning. The installation of these three systems would move the installation closer to the Net Zero Energy goal and lower the energy requirements to provide cooling. Altogether the proposed project would pay back in 16 years with an expected lifespan of 20–30 years. Batteries, generators, and pumped hydro were also examined as possible energy storage options and to shave the peak electrical load. However, the lack of on peak/off peak pricing made these options less viable. These recommendations will increase West Point’s energy security, progress towards the Net Zero Energy goal, and provide cost savings over current utility expenditures.

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Oladeji, A. S., and M. F. Akorede. "Assessment of Solar and Hydropower Energy Potentials of Three Rural Communities in Nigeria." In 2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powerafrica.2019.8928929.

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Hase, Bastian, and Christian Seidel. "Using Short-Time Storage Potentials of Run-of-River Hydropower for Frequency Control." In 14th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2020 (IRES 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahe.k.210202.026.

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Binder, A. "Potentials for energy saving with modern drive technology — a survey." In 2008 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/speedham.2008.4581313.

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Kurtz, Olaf, Peter Kuhlkamp, Jurgen Barthelmes, Robert Ruther, Din-Ghee Neoh, and Sia-Wing Kok. "Innovative tin electrolyte combining high technical standards with significant cost saving potentials." In 2012 35th IEEE/CPMT International Electronics Manufacturing Technology Conference (IEMT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemt.2012.6521802.

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Perez-Romero, J., O. Sallent, and R. Agusti. "Energy saving potentials in the radio access through relaying in future networks." In 2014 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2014.6882645.

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Huang, Joe, Donghyun Seo, and Moncef Krarti. "Analysis of the Energy Saving Potentials for Near-Zero Energy Buildings in Shanghai." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54652.

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The Changning District in Shanghai has expressed interest to becoming a green neighborhood and has asked for recommendations on how to reduce the energy usage in public buildings in their district. The objective of this short study is to identify the likely range of further reductions in the energy use and carbon emissions of new buildings through energy-efficiency improvements and the use of renewable energy, i.e., solar hot water (SHW), photovoltaics (PV), and ground-source heat pumps (GSHP), as compared to buildings that meet the current public building energy code in Shanghai. This analysis is done using DOE-2.1E computer simulations of three prototypical building models — an office, a hotel, and a mixed-use retail/office building — that have been calibrated against measured energy data from such buildings in the Changning District. After the building models have been calibrated, they are then used to establish the baseline energy use for code-compliant buildings, and to calculate the energy savings for 16 potential EEMs (Energy Efficiency Measures) that exceed the building energy code. A LCC (Life-Cycle Cost) analysis is done to compare the energy cost reductions to the capital costs for the EEMs, with the result that some EEMs are rejected as being not cost-effective over a 25 year period. The usage of the EEMs accepted as cost-effective is found to reduce the energy usage of the three building types by 30–40% in the office, 43–46% in the hotel, and 35% in the retail, depending on the assumed discount rate. If all the EEMs are considered regardless of cost, the energy savings increase to 44% in the office, 47% in the hotel, and 36% in the retail.

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Liang, Kuo-Yun, Jonas Martensson, and Karl H. Johansson. "Fuel-saving potentials of platooning evaluated through sparse heavy-duty vehicle position data." In 2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2014.6856540.

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Li, Hongjie, Xueheng Tao, and Baoying Li. "New-Type of Low-Carbon and Energy-Saving Toilets Based on Wind Energy and Hydropower Technologies." In 2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2011.5748697.

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Kupzog, Friederich. "Self-controlled Exploitation of Energy Cost saving Potentials by Implementing Distributed Demand Side Management." In 2006 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indin.2006.275829.

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Reports on the topic "Saving potentials in hydropower"

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Schnetzinger, Karl, and Gernot Wallner. Cost Drivers and Saving Potentials: INFO Sheet C1.2. IEA SHC Task 54, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task54-2016-0002.

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