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1

Al-Qahtani, Saad H. "Arabization in written discourse in Saudi Arabia." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1177981.

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In this study I investigate Arabization as a quasi ideological-linguistic phenomenon in Saudi Arabia. First, the study examines decisions and policies employed in Arabization on the planning level. Second, it evaluates empirically the extent to which a set of Arabized words (288 words) is implemented in written discourse. The study addresses also the linguistic processes of coining Arabic derived words for the replacement of foreign terms.Employing a corpus-linguistic framework, a written corpus of 1,068,263 words was compiled from three Saudi newspapers-Al-Jazirah, Ar-Riyadh, and A1-Massaiah. Using a Microsoft-Access database developed for the purpose of the study, the corpus was searched for instances of 288 Arabized words. The results show that Arabized words occur with reasonable frequency in written discourse in Saudi Arabia.Two main variables were found to be significant in the frequency of Arabized words: context (i.e. topic), and method of coinage (the method by which a word was coined into Arabic). For example, Arabized words are more frequent in scientific discourse than in religious discourse, and words that are coined by morphological derivation are more frequent than those made by compounding. Original (English) forms of some Arabized words do occur (14.23%). On the planning level, the study provides a critical evaluation of Arabization in Saudi Arabia, and on the technical level, it provides statistically-supported indications of how such variables i.e. method of coinage and context affect the frequency of Arabized words in the actual language use.
Department of English
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2

Al-Awais, Saeed Ahmed 1958. "PARKS FOR SAUDI ARABIA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275496.

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3

Nafeesi, Sulaiman. "Advertising in Saudi Arabia." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/373.

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4

Turjoman, Mona O. "Saudi gender differences in greetings and leave-takings." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1325998.

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This research investigates the differences between how men and women greet and take leave of someone of the same sex in Saudi Arabia, a gender segregated society. Age, social status, relationship between participants, and setting were also tested to see if they have any effect on how Saudis greet and take leave of each other.A total of 237 participants: 127 males and 110 females were recorded in naturally occurring conversations. The participants were from all social classes and included three age groups: 18-30, 31-50, and over 50. Relationship between participants included close friends, relatives, acquaintances, and strangers. Data was collected in social and family gatherings, work, school, and the hospital. The data was analyzed in light of Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory. Variables like formulaic expressions, length, and hyperbole were also tested.The results of the study indicate that age had a significant affect on how Saudis greet, take leave/reply to a leave-taking of someone of the same sex. Based on my corpus, social status had no significant affect on how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. The relationship between participants showed a significant correlation with how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. Setting had no significant affect of how Saudis greet and take leave of someone of the same sex. But it did show a significant affect of how Saudis reply to greetings and leave-takings of someone of the same sex. Gender did not on any significant affect on how Saudis greet and reply to greetings of someone of the same sex. Whereas, gender showed a significant correlation with how Saudis take leave and reply to a leave-taking.Results of the study indicate that women consistently took longer to greet and take leave of someone of their own sex, regardless of age, social status, relationship between participants, or setting. Women also used more metaphors and superlatives while greeting or taking leave of someone of their own sex. Women were found to repeat their greetings and leave-takings more than men.
Department of English
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5

Baroni, Samiah. "SAUDI ARABIA AND EXPANSIONIST WAHHABISM." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3430.

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This thesis examines the development of Wahhabism as an ideology into a rapidly expanding, transportable, contemporary Islamic political system. Serving as the territorial foundation, individuals maintain allegiance to Makkah, the center of the Islamic world, through symbolic Islamic prayer. Along with a central, globally financed economic distributive mechanism, and Wahhabi social and educational institutions emerging from the traditional mosque, Wahhabism serves the demand for an Islamic political system in a late capitalist world. Wahhabism is fluid within contemporary dynamic political systems and rapidly changing international relations. Wahhabism continues to expand at a global level, at times, providing a foundation for new forms of contemporary terrorism.
M.A.
Department of Political Science
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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6

Almutairi, Eman. "Women’s Right and Education in Saudi Arabia: Raising Critical Consciousness in Arabic Studies Courses in Female High Schools in Saudi Arabia." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_dissertations/7.

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This is a qualitative research study that investigated the understanding of the concept of “critical consciousness” by female teachers teaching Arabic in Saudi Arabia’s high schools, the opportunity they have to develop critical consciousness, and how and why they develop it. The researcher engaged in semi-structured interviews with 25 female teachers who have at least nine years teaching experiences. The findings revealed that these teachers: (a) have a collective sense of the importance of critical consciousness skills to better themselves and Saudi Arabian society; (b) they are interested in and motivated to develop their critical thinking skills; (c) they develop critical consciousness in informal ways; and (d) the teaching practice in Saudi Arabia mostly relies on “banking education.” This is an unprecedented study in the field of students’ critical consciousness development in Saudi Arabia. The results have a number of important implications for future work and research in Saudi Arabia, as well as in neighboring countries that share similar complications related to the role and status of women in society.
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7

Goetz, Adam N. "Demographics : the downfall of Saudi Arabia /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FGoetz.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Robert E. Looney, James A. Russell. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72). Also available online.
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8

Al-Ghamri, Sami Salah Abdulla. "Industrial development in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303457.

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9

Almulla, Khawla A. "Intellectual movements in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8017/.

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This thesis studies the historical and intellectual backgrounds of some influential movements in Saudi Arabia, within a binary framework of liberal/conservative or modernist/fundamentalist. Thus, I have to examine the religious and intellectual differences of those movements that may lead to creating conflicts between them. In addition, this study provides possible solutions to conflicts and schism between schools of thought in Saudi Arabia, by focusing particularly on moderate Islamic thought as a new movement that may promote greater harmony. This thesis concludes that moderate Islamic thought can allow us to obtain a clear and better understanding of the main reasons for the struggle between different movements, and apply that on Saudi society, instead of attacking others who have opposing attitudes or different beliefs. It is also important to mention that this plurality of thought is very important for developing the freedom to express opinions within the confines of the law in the application of religious or philosophical ideas. The thesis also concludes that such approaches will help promote dialogue and understanding between different groups or schools of thought. It is hoped that this can also develop cognitive skills, through the exchange of ideas and views between different schools and intellectual movements.
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10

Alahmed, Salman. "Civil Affairs in Saudi Arabia." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/352.

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In Saudi Arabia the wait at a Civil Affairs office (Figure 1 ), the equivalent of the U.S. Department of Motor Vehicles, can reach up to several hours these days. Visitors must plan to surrender their mornings or afternoons in order to attend to their Civil Affairs business. Something urgently needs to be done about this. A more efficient and effective system is needed. The solution might be an online computerized approach which allows visitors to address their needs directly. This approach would ensure legitimacy and credibility while meeting obligations to the Civil Affairs. The system would allow input from, and responses to, the Civil Affairs office. The system being considered has · six parts that interact electronically to rapidly process customer requests and direct the requests to the most appropriate destinations. This six-part concept will be an improvement over the greatly challenged, outdated system that has plagued the Saudi Kingdom for too long. The whole process, from beginning to end, will take only a few hours. However, the system will certainly be better than waiting in line for three or four hours. The system does not require the user to take time off from work, neglecting one's children, nor even leave one's home. The system is fully automated and will appreciably lessen work loads.
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11

Jamali, Mohammed Mamdooh. "Education system in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10522.

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12

Hakami, Mohammed. "Metropolitan House In Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42797.

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Current metropolitan planning in Saudi Arabia has led to a specific housing type. In order to provide isolation the metropolitan housing design has become very close and confined. This confinement has made the metropolitan house lacking in the feeling of open space, gradual transition from the public to the private domains, and the connection with the natural environment. In this study a non-conventional design of metropolitan housing is introduced. In this design are revealed the elements of the ideal metropolitan house that are absent in the typical design.
Master of Architecture
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13

Barayan, Mohammed Rayan. "Television news in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3839/.

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During the 1970s and 1980s, many viewers in both developed and developing countries found themselves able to receive new television channels, whether from near neighbours or via satellite from further a field. The public service broadcasters have inevitably been affected by the arrival and the activities of the new private-sector media. The arrival of the private channels played a role in many things in our life as people, and brought many problems to the governments especially in Asia and the Arab World. This study illuminates the various issues involved in this problem, focusing especially on the U.K. [BBC], Asia [China & India], and the Arab world [Saudi Arabia]. The quality of the news service on Saudi Television has been characterised by poor quality and has failed to satisfy Saudi viewers as indicated by some of the previous studies carried out during the years 1982, 1983, and 1987. At that time satellite broadcasting was still at its embryonic stage and Saudi viewers had no alternative available to them but since 1991 they started to receive broadcasts from a number of Arab and non-Arab satellite channels and this has increased the choices available to them. With the appearance of specialised satellite news channels the demand for stronger television news service became even more important, both at the official and national levels, in order to follow up what goes on in the world. The researcher conducted fieldwork study in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and London during the period from 15/01/2000 to 15/3/2000. This study of seven chapters is divided into four parts. The first part explores the views and impression of Saudi viewers about the quality of the news service of channel one of Saudi television and the three satellite channels under the study [Al-Jazeera, MBC, ANN], For this reason, the researcher interviewed eight groups of 48 persons [male & female] from the Saudi audience [(1) academics (2) officials) males (3) academics (4) doctors) females (5) King Saud University students (6) Imam Bin Saud University students (7) farmers and sales merchants (8) unemployed and uneducated) males]. The second part ascertains the news agenda and type of production in each of the four stations. A content analysis of a total of 497 news stories or the total production of the four stations in the week 12/2/2000 and ending 18/2/2000 was undertaken. The third part deals with the news department itself on the four stations, and how they work from the organisation, management, strategy and the employees. For this reason, the researcher interviewed the news makers [twenty persons]. The final part in this study was how can Saudi Television compete with satellite channels, for this reason, the researcher put forward some suggestions in the hope that may contribute to the development of the Saudi media work in general and television news service in particular [chapter 7]. What was found about the Saudi viewers is that they are dissatisfied with the Saudi Television news and they prefer the news service of the other channels under study. And we found the causes of the prevailing shortages and weaknesses in Saudi Television news service [Channel One] into factors related to: 1. - Elements and stages of news service production in Saudi television. 2. -News service management. 3. - Employees of news service sector.
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14

AlRomaih, Yousef Ahmed. "Juvenile delinquency in Saudi Arabia." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3423.

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The present study involved an examination of the delinquency problem in Saudi Arabia within the framework of social control theory. Specifically, the study was based on the thesis set forth by Travis Hirschi, i.e., that delinquent acts result when an individual's bond to society is weak or broken. Also taken into account, however, were the findings from the research of Wiatrowski, et al. that suggest a need for a) some modifications in Hirschi 's conceptual framework and b) inclusion of socio-economic factors in the social control model.
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15

Abushahin, Shaker A. "Code-switching in the Qatifi dialect of Saudi Arabia." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/864902.

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The Qatifi dialect of Arabic is spoken by a minority group located principally in Qatif, near Dhahran, in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Codeswitching in the Qatifi community describes the alternation, within discourse, between two local codes, such as switching from the Qatifi Arabic to either the Qatifi secret G, S, and T languages or to Classical and Modern Arabic, on the one hand. On the other hand, it describes the alternation between local and foreign codes, such as switching from the Qatifi Arabic to English, Farsi, and Broken Arabic pidgin.The Qatifi speakers frequently use the G, S, and T secret languages, which represent phonological variations in Qatifi Arabic according to particular rules. These secret languages are used by the Qatifi people to establish political solidarity, to secure social norms, or to insure discretion.Codeswitching from the Qatifi dialect to other local or foreign codes also affirms the social identity and personal pride of individuals taking part in informal conversation. It is important therefore to understand the social constraints of the society where it is found, and how it works within the linguistic rules of the source language and the mainstream communicative system. Codeswitching as spoken by the Qatifi middle class community identifies particular member of this minority group.The aim of this thesis is to explain codeswitching occurring between theQatifi dialect of Arabic and other language varieties. Using data drawn mainly from personal interviews with Qatifi natives, I investigate the type of code used in variable conversational settings and the interaction among the Qatifi trusted or non-suspicious members.
Department of English
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16

Salaam, Yasmine Saad. "American educated Saudi technocrats : agents of social change? /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2000.

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Thesis (Ph.D) -- Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, 2000.
Advisers: Andrew Hess; Sugata Bose; Jeswald W. Salacuse. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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17

Balka, Charles E. "The fate of Saudi Arabia regime evolution in the Saudi monarchy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FBalka.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kadhim, Abbas. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 29, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-76). Also available in print.
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18

Midkiff, James R. "Saudi Arabia : a kingdom in decline /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA304218.

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19

Alamri, Muteb Ahmed. "Talent management challenges in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Brunel University, 2015. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13623.

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This thesis investigates talent management challenges in public and private organizations in Saudi Arabia. The lack of studies into talent management challenges has motivated the researcher’s work, in particular focusing on whether talent management challenges are applicable to both private and public organizations. In order to answer the research questions, the researcher reviews previous research related to talent management in general and talent management challenges in particular. A list of talent management challenges was provided and then those challenges were linked to institutional theory. The researcher used semi-structured interviews to collect primary data. 18 human resource managers, 8 private organizations, and 8 public organisations were interviewed. The researcher after that transcribed the interview one by one. This was followed by applying manual coding. The researcher’s findings suggest that there are three types of challenges, firstly, challenges those can be found in private and public organizations, secondly, talent management challenges that can be found in public organizations, thirdly, talent management challenges that can be found in private organizations.
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20

Lee, Donald C. "Geospatial data sharing in Saudi Arabia." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2003. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001458/.

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This research started with a realization that two organizations in Saudi Arabia were spending large amounts of money, millions of dollars in fact, in acquiring separate sets of geospatial data that had identical basemap components. Both the organizations would be using the data for similar engineering purposes, yet both would be independently outsourcing the data gathering. In all probability, resources are being wasted through two organizations each developing and operating stand-alone geographic information systems and then populating the databases with geospatial data obtained separately. Surely with some cooperation, a shared database could be established, with a diffusion of economic benefits to both organizations. Preliminary discussions with representatives from both the organizations revealed high levels of enthusiasm for the principle of sharing geospatial data, but the discussions also revealed even higher levels of scepticism that such a scheme could be implemented. This dichotomy of views prompted an investigation into the issues, benefits and the barriers involved in data sharing, the relative weight of these issues, and a quest for a workable model. Sharing geospatial data between levels of government, between governmental and private institutions, and within institutions themselves has been attempted on large and small scales in a variety of countries, with varying degrees of accomplishment. Lessons can be learned from these attempts at data sharing, confirming that success is not purely a function of financial and technical benefits, but is also influenced by institutional and cultural aspects. This research is aimed at defining why there is little geospatial data sharing between authorities in Saudi Arabia, and then presenting a workable model as a pilot arrangement. This should take into account issues raised in reference material; issues evidenced through experience in the implementation of systems that were configured as independent structures; issues of culture; and issues apparent in a range of existing data sharing arrangements. The doubts expressed by engineering managers towards using a geospatial database that is shared between institutions in Saudi Arabia have been borne out by the complexity of interrelationships which this research has revealed. Nevertheless, by concentrating on a two party entry level, a model has been presented which shows promise for the implementation of such a scheme. The model was derived empirically and checked against a case study of various other similar ventures, with a consideration of their applicability in the environment of Saudi Arabia. This model follows closely the generic structure of the Singapore Land Hub. The scalability of the model should allow it to be extended to other, multi-lateral data sharing arrangements. An alternative solution could be developed based on a Spatial Data Infrastructure model and this is suggested for ongoing investigation. Major unresolved questions relate to cultural issues, whose depth and intricacy have the potential to influence the realization of successful geospatial data sharing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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21

Goetz, Adam N. "Demographics : the downfall of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Threats to Saudi Arabia have historically been categorized as external, reference immediate neighbors, and internal via conservative Islamic opposition groups. The United States, because of its security arrangement, has guaranteed the sovereignty of Saudi Arabia. Opposition groups within the Kingdom, while attracting recent attention, are placated through concessions to the Ulema and direct payment. However, primary destabilization of the Saudi regime today is due to stress placed upon the Saudi economy and ruling structure by an unprecedented population growth within the Kingdom over the last two decades. The argument is that growth in the Kingdom has rapidly outstripped the regime's ability to provide for it, undermining the key pillar of the Royal Family's ruling legitimacy. This thesis explores stress placed upon the Saudi regime through its population growth. Due to effects of relative deprivation, the Saudi populace is demanding government participation, calling to question personal regime expenditures, and the motivations of regime foreign policy, especially in relation to the United States. This study will briefly address courses of action available to the Royal Family, current effects of population growth upon the Saudi economy, and the regional and international consequences of a failed Saudi government.
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Hajjar, Bandar M. H. "Financing small businesses in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7118.

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The overwhelming dependence of Saudi Arabia on oil exports as the only source of national income has exposed the Kingdom's economy to serious exogenous shocks. In order to reduce the impact of this external disruption, the Government, through successive five-year development plans, established the basic physical infrastructure necessary for developing the real and financial sectors. At the same time, it encouraged the private sector through various incentives to participate in the development process. As government spending started to decline after 1982, the Government urged the private sector to take a more prominent role in the future development process. So as to sustain economic growth. Small businesses, as a large segment of the private sector, can play a significant role in this. This study aims to provide guidelines to assist planners, decision makers and bankers in Saudi Arabia to design a programme which will ensure effective participation of small businesses in the development process. To achieve this goal, the study concentrates on identifying the main obstacles encountered by small businesses in their efforts to finance their projects internally, or to have access to external sources of finance. It also seeks to identify the main constraints that prevent the government credit institutions and commercial banks from providing adequate finance to small businesses. By linking the demand side for finance, represented by small businesses, with the supply side, represented by commercial banks and government credit funds, the gaps in the lending system as a result of the imbalance between these two sides are identified. Options for filling these gaps are then considered.
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23

Al, Saud Turki Bin Khaled Bin Saad Bin Abdulaziz. "Saudi Arabia-Iran relations, 1929-2013." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/saudi-arabiairan-relations-19292013(394c4809-5e5b-4fba-a2e8-8c4bd5cb3f4a).html.

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This research is a historical study of Saudi Arabia-Iran relations, covering the period from 1929 to 2014. These two countries are major players in the region, and as such have been engaged in both mutual confrontation and cooperation. The aim of this research is to study the events that have affected the bilateral relationship between Saudi Arabia and Iran from a historical perspective. This research also illustrates key aspects associated with their relations during the period of study. It further aims to provide a clear understanding of events over the course of almost a century, to explain how and why Saudi-Iranian relations developed as they did; specifically, the diverse triggers that resulted in amicability or resentment. The objective of this research is to uncover possible means to improve this important regional bilateral relationship, to sustain the stability and security of the wider region. This thesis contains six chapters, which evaluate both countries’ regimes, policy-forming processes and the historical events implicated in shaping their bilateral relations. The first chapter covers the period 1929 to 1979, illustrating the bilateral relations between the two nations and their respective impact on the region. The research then reveals the main impact of the Iranian revolution on the Saudi-Iranian relationship to have been heightened mistrust between the two nations. The revolution marked an end to cooperative diplomatic relations, creating a bitter rivalry between the two nations for power and influence in the region. As a consequence of post-1979 Iran’s regular regime change, from religious fundamentalists to reformers, this period witnessed some dramatic changes to perceptions of the country on the world stage. Hence, Chapters 2-6 are devoted to the post-1979 era. Chapter 2 provides a history of the Iranian revolution and the Saudi response to it, while Chapter 3 discusses the impact of the Iran-Iraq War and its impact on Saudi Iranian bilateral relations. After the end of the Iran-Iraq War, Iraqi forces invaded Kuwait, and Chapter 4 discusses the resultant events that brought Saudi Arabia and Iran together once more to contain a common threat, in the form of the Saddam regime. Chapter 5 details the impact on Saudi-Iranian relations when reformists governed Iran after 1990. The reformists pursued differing approaches to the wider world, leading to a period of rapprochement that brought the two countries closer together, contributing to improved relations, albeit within certain limits. Chapter 6 provides a historical account of the wide range of events and regional issues that affected Saudi-Iranian relations during the period 2001 to 2014. The study concludes that, from 1929 to the present, Saudi Arabia has not changed its stance on Saudi-Iranian bilateral relations; however, the regime change in Iran, from secular to conservative, resulted in significant changes to Iran’s position, leading to adjustments in its policy concerning bilateral relations.
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Khojah, Masuon. "Corporate narrative disclosures in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/23628/.

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This study aims to investigate narrative disclosures in corporate annual reports in developing economies, using Saudi Arabia as an example. The primary objective is to understand which institutional factors—including regulation and socio-political and religious contexts—influence narrative disclosures and which challenges are faced by preparers of narrative reports. The data were collected using two methods. First, 175 narrative sections from annual reports (from 2011–2015) of 35 Saudi listed companies were randomly selected and subjected to content analysis. Second, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 Saudi annual report preparers and regulators. New Institutional Sociology theory was used to as the theoretical framework of the study to interpret the findings. The findings suggest that corporate narrative disclosures in Saudi Arabia are heavily influenced by the Capital Market Authority as a regulatory body and via coercive isomorphism. Furthermore, the size and complexity of a firm; the desire to create a good company image; and the influence of report users, (foreign) investors and stakeholders, all positively shape narrative disclosures. Peer competitors in institutions and markets have an impact via mimetic isomorphism. Issues concerning the professionality of management and the company philosophy may increase the level of narrative report disclosures; whereas other issues, such as preparer awareness, top management control, negativity of society and characteristics of family institutions (control of decision making, conflict of interest, resistance to change and privacy breaching), negatively influence disclosure. Although the strongest forces are coercive and mimetic isomorphism, economic, political, social, cultural and educational factors influence companies via normative isomorphism, revealing that all three isomorphic forces collectively influence Saudi corporate disclosure practices. The study considers the implications of this research regarding the future of narrative disclosure in the Saudi context and discusses, for example, how to reduce the negative and enhance the positive institutional influences. Finally, suggestions for further research are offered.
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Alharbi, Lamya. "Managing Food Waste in Saudi Arabia." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2016. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/343.

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Food waste is a major problem in several countries, especially in Saudi Arabia. Of the total amount, 15 million tons of waste are generated annually in the country which gets transported to landfills; a total of 45% is organic or food waste. A study was conducted and using system engineering approach potential solutions were explored to reduce food waste and transport of same to landfills. System requirements were laid down and stakeholder involvement noted during the course of the study. Based on this background information, three solutions were proposed and calibrated against different measures of effectiveness. After performing a benefit -risk analysis, a combination of these three solutions was selected as the final recommended solution. The final recommended solution included the used composting facilities, and waste-to-energy generation plants that have the potential to produce useful by-products. The solution also included the use of targeted and nationwide public awareness media campaigns to create awareness at different levels. The recommended solution was then analyzed using a variety of systems engineering techniques to assess the relationship between different steps and stakeholders. The solution was also analyzed with respect to potential risks and heuristics. A verification of system requirements, lessons learned, ethical concerns and solutions are also presented as part of the study.
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Alsamari, Haya. "Saudi Arabia Future Female Engineers Program." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/363.

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Since the beginning of the country's history, Saudi Arabia has dramatically transformed every aspect of its existence from its booming economy to the massive expansion of educational offerings. But this natural resource and tradition rich nation is now faced with a cultural revolution that is not unfamiliar in the history of mankind yet is exceptionally unique to modern society. In a time when almost all countries in the world have recognized women to be an essential part of civil society, the kingdom is just beginning to turn its attention to the inequality women experience there. In light of this paradigm shift in the way women are viewed in Saudi Arabia, education is at the forefront illustrating evident signs of this change. With the support of the king and powerful political leaders universities are opening their doors to female engineers and companies are starting to employ more and more females outside the realm of education. With such momentum building it is an auspicious moment to further stretch the boundaries and reach for a wider audience including younger females in secondary school. This project introduces a comprehensive program for the enrollment of secondary school female students in a program constructed around the hope to encourage girls to consider engineering as a topic of study at higher education institutions. The program embodies the idea of learning, applying, creating and engineering (LACE) where students will take an intensive engineering course (IEC) hosted by universities outside of KSA and a project course at their local secondary school to apply what they learned through the creation and engineering of a solution that address issues challenging their communities.
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Alyousef, Almuhannad. "Saudi Arabia Emergency and Disaster Response." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2013. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/372.

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Although the kingdom of Saudi Arabia has most recently drawn media and global attention for the escalation terrorism and Hajj incidents, very little attention is paid to the increasing frequency of natural disaster affecting the country. Unfortunately, despite the increase in the number of these natural disasters, the government remains slow to react. This project provides a comprehensive and conclusive discussion on the negative impacts of poor response to these calamities. While the government is concerned with climate change and its role in increasing the frequency of natural disasters, it is important to pay attention to other disasters including human-inclined dangers and technological risks. Each of these calamities has had an adverse effect on the lives of all the people living or visiting the kingdom. There has been a proposition for establishing a government agency in order to improve disaster response. It has further been noted that this agency could coordinate between different government departments to implement crisis and rapid management as well as disaster readiness training programs for each and every sector of the nation. The agency would also work to offer support in case of emergency. Though the success of a program cannot be founded on the use of systems engineering, the project recognizes its significance towards attaining success. In a nut- shell, the project compels the Saudi government to think widely so as to prepare for and respond to the occurrence of disasters.
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Alzamil, Feras. "Online Grocery Shopping in Saudi Arabia." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/373.

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Asiri, Osama. "Transformation of Saudi Arabia Economic System." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2016. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/382.

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30

Sulaimani, Abdulaziz. "Residential Water Consumption in Saudi Arabia." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/437.

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The rate of residential water consumption m Saudi Arabia are unsustainable given the country's limited freshwater supply and steady population growth; currently, water consumption per capita is 91 % above the global average. To address this growing problem, several possible solutions are considered: Better informing the public about the need for conservation, increasing and restructuring the pricing of residential water, and implementing "greywater" recycling systems at the individual household level. Based upon surveyed residents' preferences, the implementation of greywater recycling systems is demonstrated to be the preferred solution. Implementation of these systems nation-wide requires the coordination of the Ministry of Water and Electricity and the National Water Company, which would be presented in an appropriate system architecture, and several risks need to be mitigated. If these concerns are addressed, the proposed solution would be effective at addressing the water needs of the country for the future.
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31

Akhter, Javed. "Epidemiology of gastroenteritis in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35308.

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In order to determine the aetiology and epidemiology of gastrointestinal infections in Saudi Arabia; viral, bacterial and parasitic causes of diarrhoea at a major referral centre were examined. Bacterial enteropathogens were found in 7.7% of patients; Salmonella species (51.7%) were found to be the most frequent pathogens followed by Campylobacter jejuni (28%) and Shigella species (14.9%). Clostridium difficile was also found in 9.5% of patients examined but no correlation could be found with presence of faecal leukocytes or pH. Susceptibility patterns of 15,467 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae to 14 antibiotics over 6 years showed that resistance increased in all the Enterobacteriaceae. Imipenem and ciprofloxacin were the only agents to remain active. Protozoan or metazoan parasites were detected in 27.8% of patients examined, the most common being Giardia lamblia and Hymenolopsis nana. Of the patients tested for viruses in stools, 14% had rotavirus, 8.5% adenovirus, 1.5% SRSVs and 0.3% coronavirus. Adenoviruses in stools were detected and serotyped for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Data were correlated with clinical history and serology which showed that immunosuppression was a major factor for onset of gastroenteritis. Type 40/41 were most prevalent followed by types 1,2,3, and 5. Most infections were in children under five years. Astroviruses were detected by PCR and gave an incidence of 1.5%. Rotavirus electropherotypes were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibited mostly the long electropherotype characteristic of group A subtype II. Environmental surfaces on a hospital ward were examined over a six month period in which rotavirus was found in 7% of sites tested and equated with areas involving most human activity and occurrence of rotavirus infections in patients. Diagnostic methods such as biotinylated DNA probe and latex agglutination (LA) were evaluated for rapid detection of enteric infections. LA was found to be suitable as a screening method but the DNA probe showed very low sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic use.
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Almalki, Abrar A. "Flood Mitigation in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1502188345435643.

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33

Al-Braikan, Faten. "Cryptosporidiosis in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403233.

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34

McDowell, Steven R. "Is Saudi Arabia a nuclear threat?" Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FMcDowell.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): James Russell, Peter R. Lavoy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-79). Also available online.
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35

Albalawi, Saad Basheir M. "Meat Consumption Pattern in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367043.

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Saudi Arabia’s rapid economic development and the affluence of the country’s citizens are served by both imported and domestically produced meat. Adverse climatic conditions in the desert country preclude large-scale livestock production, however, the country still supplies about half of its meat consumption. This research seeks to identify trends in the Saudi diet over a long period of time, during which the nation was transformed from being a desert based country to a modern economy, that is, from 1985 to 2010. The objective of this thesis is to present a systematic analysis of Saudi Arabia’s meat demand using data for the period between 1985 and 2010 for three types of meat, namely beef, lamb and chicken, as well as fish, under a system-wide framework. To estimate the demand for meat (lamb, beef, and chicken) and fish, economic data were analysed using the Rotterdam econometric models. Also, an import demand model with analysis of future imports has been developed for three types of meat - beef, lamb and chicken. The results gained from the econometric models applied reveal that in Saudi Arabia, the relative consumption of beef, chicken and fish have a positive growth, while lamb has a negative growth. The average relative price impact on beef, chicken and fish are negative, while that of lamb is positive. The expenditure shares of beef, chicken and fish have increased while that of lamb has fallen. The estimation results of the demand system reveal that there is an autonomous trend away from lamb to beef, chicken and fish. The implied income elasticity indicates that beef, lamb and fish are considered luxuries, while chicken is a necessity. The demand for meat products and fish are price inelastic.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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36

Almtairi, Naief M. "Development of Oil and Societal Change in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc503872/.

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Before the discovery of oil Saudi Arabia's economic structure was limited, and the majority of the population was engaged in herding and agriculture. Social life was also very simple. The Saudi economy has made tremendous strides since commercial oil production began in 1938. A series of national development plans was formulated, and the government has devoted considerable attention to the improvement of education, the Bedouin lifestyle, and many other aspects of society. Chapter I of this thesis presents background information about Saudi Arabia, and Chapter II outlines the development of its oil resources. Chapters III, IV, and V describe Saudi Arabia's family life, its educational system, and its nomads. Chapter VI offers a summary and suggestions for enhancing future development in the kingdom.
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Fadag, Effat Abdullah Mohammed. "Saudi Arabian painting : the problem of rapid modernization in Saudi Arabia and its effect upon contemporary art." Thesis, University of Kent, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516200.

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There is virtually no existing theory specific to an aesthetic context for Saudi Arabian art. This reveals the problem inherent in reading and positioning this work in the light of the artists and critics identification as authentic product of the Saudi Arabian Kingdom. The Thesis reconsiders the position of art in Saudi Arabia, positing the work's hybridity as yet not recognized in Saudi Arabia as one of the most significant challenges for contemporary Saudi Arabian artists. The Thesis questions the authenticity that defines this work, according to the Saudi Arabian perspective. Developing an alternative perspective, the Tesis aims to define and understand the hybridity of Saudi Arabian paiting.
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Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed Mohammed B. "Exploring Secondary School Principals’ and Arabic Language Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices with Technology in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367707.

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This study explores the uses of educational technology as echoed in principals’ and Arabic language teachers’ beliefs and classroom practices. The research is conducted in Saudi Arabia, where the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) in schools is still at its infancy. Previous research indicates that the use of ICT in education has been limited. This thesis is based on the argument that these limitations result from the lack of the pedagogical use of technology. Understanding principals’ and teachers’ pedagogical rationales and in-depth responses is important for the successful integration of ICT. This research investigates teachers’ ICT beliefs and practices. In particular, this research endeavours to identify the relationship between teachers’ technology beliefs and practices in the classroom and the factors influencing this relationship. This study also investigates school principals’ beliefs on the use of technology and on teachers’ ICT practices. The study aims to identify the relationship between principals’ beliefs and teachers’ beliefs and practices with regard to ICT, as well as to confirm or determine other factors influencing teachers’ technology practices. With the abundant studies measuring teachers’ self-reported attitudes and practices, and taking into consideration that teachers’ practices do not always reflect their beliefs, the researcher considers direct evidence of practice beyond self-reported practice as crucial in bridging research into school reality. Additionally, the nature of this study’s focus requires in-depth understanding and exploration.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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39

FOZAN, MOHAMMED NASSER. "INTEREST-FREE LOANS USED BY THE SAUDI GOVERNMENT AS A TRANSFER MECHANISM OF OIL REVENUE TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR (SAUDI ARABIA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188183.

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Prior to 1970 the Saudi Government faced severe socioeconomic problems two of which were: (1) the contribution of the private sector to the Gross Domestic Product was low, and (2) the oil revenues were the main source of the national income. As the oil revenues rapidly increased between 1972 and 1981, the government used every means at its disposal to encourage the private sector. The goal was to diversify the sources of national income in order to decrease the dependency on oil revenues as the main source of national income. To achieve this the government has provided interest-free loans to the private sector which, along with the demand, has increased the gross domestic fixed capital formation of the private sector. The purpose of this study was to theoretically explain the phenomenal expansion of the private sector. Three models were developed from the least to the most difficult. The main principle of the models is that the expansion of the private sector is stimulated because of the low cost of capital in Saudi Arabia. Since oil revenues (the main source of government expenditures) have decreased in recent years questions have been raised concerning the ability of the private sector to support the economy. It is argued that the demand of national and international markets will increase in the future, thus allowing the private sector to expand further. Even though the cost of capital will increase, Saudi companies will be able to compete either nationally or internationally. In addition, the competitiveness of the Saudi capital market may increase which will, in turn, benefit the Saudi economy.
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40

Al-Saud, Naef bin Ahmed. "Saudi national security policy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613642.

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41

Aloudah, Nouf Mohammad. "Oral hypoglycaemic medication adherence in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231048.

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Diabetes has been labelled as one of the largest crises in the twenty-first century. Saudi Arabia is one of the top 10 countries for prevalence of diabetes and one in five people has the condition. Medication adherence assessment is vital to help clinicians reach therapy outcomes and identify gaps in patient management. The aim of this PhD was to explore oral hypoglycaemic medication (OHM) adherence in patients with Type 2 diabetes patients in Saudi Arabia and to identify factors associated with OHM adherence. The aim was addressed by: 1) Conducting a systematic review to identify which tools could be used to measure adherence to OHM as well as to quantify adherence levels across different countries; 2) Undertaking a cross-sectional study to quantify the prevalence of adherence to OHM in a group of patients in Saudi Arabia using a validated measure of adherence. An interview study on a subset of these patients then explored in detail Type 2 diabetic patients' beliefs and attitudes towards their OHM regimen, including factors which helped or hindered their medication taking behaviour. The systematic review included 37 studies. It showed that the level of OHM adherence varied widely across all measures: 36% to 95% when dispensing records were used, 37% to 98% with self-report, and 17% to 97% with pill counts. The term 'adherence' was most commonly used. There was no identified studies assessing OHM adherence in Saudi Arabia. The cross-sectional study showed that the level of OHM adherence was 40%, Lower adherence was associated with patients of younger age (OR, 1.084; 95% CI, 1.056-1.112), individual taking a higher number of non-OHM (OR, 0.848; 95% CI, 0.728-0.986) and having a higher HbA1c level (OR, 0.808; 95% CI, 0.691-0.943). The interview study identified several factors affecting OHM adherence using a validated theoretical framework. Facilitators of OHM adherence were OHM scheduling, knowledge about OHM, knowledge on other relevant behaviours such as diet and physical activity, knowing how to take OHM appropriately and how to manage hypoglycaemia. In addition, OHM adherence was facilitated by beliefs of preventing diabetic complications, avoiding insulin injections, achieving an improved quality of life, accepting diabetes, being optimistic about the future, and having high self-confidence. Conversely, barriers to OHM adherence were forgetfulness, cognitive overload, lack of knowledge of sexual health implications of OHM, and knowledge of OHM side effects or drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, side effects of OHM such as weight gain or hypoglycaemia, knowing how to measure blood sugar, feeling no symptoms, and having many medications to take were additional barriers to OHM adherence. The MASA study also showed that there are several social- and physical-related factors affecting OHM adherence such as the patient-physician relationship and perceived family support. The work in this PhD suggests that targeting suboptimal OHM adherence behaviour needs to be done in a comprehensive manner. The key benefit is to provide future researchers with a comprehensive range of factors that can be targeted when defining targets for an intervention(s). Further systematic intervention development and testing is required to choose and prioritise the most promising interventions to improve OHM adherence.
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42

Bouges, Farid Fouad. "Internationalization of Family Businesses in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Walden University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3603933.

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Family businesses represent a key economical asset in the global economy. Leaders of family businesses have implemented internationalization as a key strategy to enhance sustainability and increase profitability in a hypercompetitive global marketplace. Guided by the Uppsala model, the purpose of this case study was to explore how Saudi family business leaders have planned and implemented internationalization. Three leaders from different international Saudi family businesses participated in semistructured interviews. The participants described their experience in achieving successful internationalization for their family businesses. After analyzing the interview data and validating through member checking, 3 main themes emerged: (a) the characteristics of the family business to compete internationally, (b) the characteristics of a suitable international market for family businesses to internationalize, and (c) the characteristics of a successful internationalization opportunity for a Saudi family business. In order to internationalize, Saudi family business leaders identified having a proper strategy, financial capability, qualified resources, well-structured policies, and globally-standardized products or services. Family business leaders should target the international market that is stable, that is secure with regulations, and that is welcoming to foreign investments. Each internationalization opportunity should have close psychic distance, available relationships in the international market, targeted family business motives, demonstrated existing market demand with the ability to satisfy, and proper timing. The findings may promote social change in Saudi family businesses by identifying essential characteristics to maintain the companies' existence and offer a roadmap to compete internationally.

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43

Mosleh, Mosleh Moied Salem. "Physiological climates of south-western Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396840.

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44

Aldhebiani, Amal Yahya. "The Genus Euphorbia L. in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533759.

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45

Al, Shehri M. M. "Preparation for disaster management in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Swansea University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635726.

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The incidence and prevalence and the nature of disasters experienced in Arab countries (natural or man-made) requires each country to consider a comprehensive disaster preparedness programme based upon warning systems, inter-sectoral co-ordination, institutions, training programmes and shelter projects. In Saudi Arabia the present health care system has grown out of a few small clinics which were established in the Makkah area which then, after 1951, with the creation of the Ministry of Health, developed into a comprehensive system of health care. In addition to the MoH, eleven other independent health agencies provide health care to their respective populations. Each agency has its own budget, recruits its own personnel and is responsible for running its own health care delivery system. Additionally there is a private sector which is also given financial assistance by the government. Considerable progress has been made in the field of general health but, as yet little has been done to prepare for disasters or other unexpected events, despite several attempts by the government to initiate such action. These attempts have ended up as a series of plans and resolutions which consider modern warning systems, trained disaster manpower, better casualty management, good accommodation and underground hospitals and clinics. However, these plans do not seem to have moved beyond the drawing board. The research highlighted the fact that whilst the Saudi health system is well geared to normal definitions of health care, it is poorly oriented towards the unexpected. There is a lack of clarity of role at the centre of the organisation and, as the research shows, those who would be centrally involved in the management of any disaster do not appear to have any common grasp of what sort of systems exist. There was also found, within this group, a consistent view that disaster planning was a waste of time.
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46

Alqahtani, Khaled. "Islamic dissent in Saudi Arabia, 1902-2000." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429254.

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47

Al-Sebaiheen, Abdullah Abdulrahman. "The industrial port system of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329185.

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48

Al-Gahtani, Yahya Saeed. "Control of industrial accidents in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7741.

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An information-based solution is proposed that will aid fire-fighters and other emergency service personnel in their control of industrial accidents in Saudi Arabia. The integration of databases and geographic information systems (GIS) through dynamic data exchange (DDE) creates an informatics tool with more general usability. Further, web enabled information exchange about hazardous materials is interfaced with the proposed information system. The resulting 'Industrial Incidents Administration System' (IIAS) is a paperless, user-centred, secure method for information exchange able to preserve information between the Civil Defence and Industrial Sectors in Saudi Arabia using state of the art electronic sources and resources. Three main needs were identified in the design phase of HAS: the information architecture of the data repositories in a form that retains semantic and syntactic values; a rapid-access database for planning decisions; and, an online transactional database for frequent updating. In order to achieve the HAS, the following technologies were exploited and integrated. Online data exchange through the use of an Information Bus system architecture; a local database which contains five subsystems; and the GIS application. Interoperability was an important feature of the proposed solution. In order to better understand and satisfy user needs, the prototype system was implemented and evaluated. The purpose of this prototype was to receive feedback from users to understand their needs. The feedback received helped to improve, as well as add, new functionalities to the HAS. In this study, we presented results and experiences of conducting two well known evaluation techniques heuristic evaluation and cognitive walk-through. The two methods employed complemented each other very well, the first giving feedback from end-users needs, and the second revealing deficiencies in usability in the system. The study provided convincing information for improving the current version of HAS.
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Staveley, Ryan Texas. "American Expatriate Retention Factors in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Baker College (Michigan), 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13427162.

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International assignment experiences assist personnel over time by helping them acquire new business skill sets, global perspectives, and essential intermediate- and advanced-level cross-cultural competencies, which collectively benefit all stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of organizational culture, compensation practices, and job designations during the American expatriate’s career process to maximize retention rates within the Saudi nonacademic local-clientele training sector. The cultural dimensions theory, the model for expatriate selection, and the model for expatriate training framed this study. A qualitative multiple-case research methodology featured a 10-question survey and a 10-question interview with 15 American expatriates representing 11 Saudi organizations. Themes were developed for each research question. Findings for less experienced expatriates showed more career development opportunities and leadership from experienced section managers were needed. Findings for more experienced expatriates showed more active employment policy adaptations were needed. The findings of this study suggested retention is impacted significantly when American expatriates are valued, encouraged to grow career prospects, and inspired to recruit additional personnel to accept foreign mission assignments. A ten-phase career process (TPCP) was developed to identify the exact phase expatriates considered departure. The results of this research will assist organizational decision makers and support level personnel in understanding the most urgent requirements and provide insight into techniques to properly support expatriates most efficiently and cost-effectively.

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Almuhanna, Manal. "Participants' perceptions of MOOCs in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21573/.

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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), which are typically short courses offered free to anyone with Internet access, provide opportunities for online education regardless of participants’ gender, professional status, qualifications, age or location. Since the international introduction of MOOCs in 2008 in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States, they have attracted public attention and online learning researchers have already made headway in investigating their essence. However, although MOOCs were introduced to Saudi Arabia in 2013 and have gained the attention of Saudi government sectors such as the Ministry of Labour, little research has been published on the effects of MOOCs in the country. Therefore, this research, to the best of my knowledge, is the first to explore Saudi participants’ perceptions of MOOCs. As a Saudi teaching assistant at King Saud University in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), I can see a clear trend in Saudi education towards online learning. The use of online learning is perhaps one of the most important current developments in the education system (Algahtani, 2011) and it would be difficult to dispense with this kind of learning now. Therefore, after consulting with several Saudi professors in educational technology, I concluded that investigating Saudi participants’ perceptions of MOOCs could make a significant contribution to the evolution of Saudi education generally and online learning in particular, thus contributing to improving Saudi people’s culture. This study aimed to explore the cultural implications of MOOCs for Saudi participants with the main objective being to identify Saudi participants’ perceptions of MOOCs, specifically the impact of MOOCs on participants’ lives, their pedagogy and learning design, and their social environment. The data was collected using mixed methods through conducting surveys, observation, and interviews with participants. Consequently, participants’ perceptions are linked to the literature review and discussed in detail in relation to the Saudi Arabian context. Furthermore, recommendations are offered on how to maximise the potential of MOOCs alongside suggestions for further research. The conclusion of this study asserts that MOOCs are widely used by Saudi participants, especially women, due to MOOC flexibility and their contribution to the development of educational cultures. MOOCs contributed to improving participants’ knowledge and personalities, as well as developing their educational and professional lives; however, the study revealed that the benefits participants gained from MOOCs varied depending on their positions and aims. In addition, the findings showed that participants’ views regarding the effectiveness of the pedagogy and learning design of MOOCs differed. Moreover, the study highlighted several factors that affected participants’ learning in terms of course design and the rules of participation, and some insights are provided that could address the concerns participants raised. MOOCs can contribute to attaining Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 by providing courses that focus on educating Saudis and imparting the skills required for future employment and for effectively carrying out the jobs recently allocated to citizens.
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