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Journal articles on the topic 'Saturable pulse transformer'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2024

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1

Zhuang, Longyu, Kai Zhu, Junfeng Rao, and Jie Zhuang. "Solid-state Marx generator based on saturable pulse transformer and fast recovery diodes." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 10 (October 1, 2023): P10036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10036.

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Abstract Solid-state compact Marx generator using saturable pulse transformer (SPT) and fast recovery diodes has been proposed. The primary circuit is switched by three MOSFETs connected in parallel. The SPT functions as a step-up transformer to increase the voltage amplitude and as a closing switch for the secondary circuit. Meanwhile, all the SPTs share the same magnetic core to achieve a compact structure and ensure good synchronization. The energy storage capacitors on the secondary sides are charged through the unsaturated SPT. When the SPT saturates, the capacitors firstly transfer a little energy to the saturated inductors through the diodes reversely during their reverse recovery process. Currents rise quickly in these inductors until diodes totally recover to reverse blocking state. Then capacitors discharge in series to the load and high-voltage pulses are generated over the load. With the currents in the saturated inductors, the front edges of pulses are no longer affected by them but are dominated the turn-off speed of the diodes, which makes high-voltage and high-current pulses with short front edges possible. The regular and cheap fast recovery diodes in the generator act as semiconductor opening switch to sharpen the pulse front edges. Experiments were carried out with a 4-stage Marx generator prototype, 10.8-kV high-voltage pulses with a front edge of 11 ns, a pulse width of 190 ns, were obtained over a 100-Ω resistive load. The total energy efficiency is 49.8%. The proposed Marx generator using regular fast recovery diodes is compact, cheap, and efficient to generate high-voltage pulses with short front edges.

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2

Rong, Li, and Qi Rong. "Research on pulse power based on saturable pulse transformer and magnetic switch." Journal of Engineering 2018, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 1384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.5026.

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3

Zhang, Yu, and Jinliang Liu. "High-voltage pulse modulator based on cylindrical self-coupling saturable pulse transformer and solid-state Marx generator." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613001031.

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AbstractHigh-voltage pulse modulator has broad applications in industry. In order to pursue the qualities of compactness, solidification, and long life time, a high-voltage pulse modulator based on a helical Blumlein pulse forming line (HBPFL),a Marx generator and a self-coupling saturable pulse transformer (SPT) with fully cylindrical coaxial conductors is put forward and investigated in this paper. A new method that the fully cylindrical SPT simultaneously works as the charging pulse transformer and magnetic switch of the HBPFL is put forward and demonstrated. Traditional spark gap is substituted by the SPT to enable the features of solidification, compactness, and long life time of the modulator. Experimental results showed that the SPT had good response characteristics to short sinusoidal pulse and 100 ns-range square pulses. The fully cylindrical SPT driven by the 50–70 kV Marx generator can suppress the saturated inductance of the secondary windings to a level less than 500 nH, due to the strong reversed mutual induction between cylindrical windings after the core saturated. It also demonstrated that the pulse modulator was able to deliver a high-voltage pulse to a 160 Ω load, with amplitude of 148 kV, pulse duration of 130 ns, and pulse rise time ranging from 60 to 105 ns.

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4

Kurihara, K., S. Kobayashi, I. Satoh, K. Shibata, M. Shigeta, K. Masugata, and K. Yatsui. "Magnetic pulse compressor using saturable transformer to excite excimer lasers." Review of Scientific Instruments 63, no. 4 (April 1992): 2138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143180.

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5

Liu, Jinliang, Xuliang Fan, and Yu Zhang. "Nanosecond-range multi-pulses synchronization based on magnetic switch and saturable pulse transformer." Review of Scientific Instruments 83, no. 12 (December 2012): 124703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769086.

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6

Fan, Xuliang, and Jinliang Liu. "A 70 kV solid-state high voltage pulse generator based on saturable pulse transformer." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 2 (February 2014): 024708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864194.

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7

Masugata, K., S. Tsuchida, H. Saitou, K. Yatsui, K. Shibata, and M. Shigeta. "Fast-charging Blumlein pulse forming line." Laser and Particle Beams 15, no. 2 (June 1997): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600010570.

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A fast-charging, discharge-switch-free Blumlein pulse forming line has been developed for high-voltage pulsed power generation. In the BL, a saturable charging inductor (CI) of amorphous metallic core is utilized and, as a result, fast-charging (charging time ≈220 ns) is obtained with a reduced prepulse. In addition, by using CI as a step-up transformer, the impedance of the output pulse can be converted to 4Z, Z, Z/4. By using the BL with a Marx generator of 300 kV and 1.1 kJ, an output of —580 kV at 24 kA and a pulse length of 60 ns are obtained, with a current rise time of less than 16 ns. The energy transfer efficiency of the line (output pulse energy/charging energy of a pulse forming line) is evaluated to be more than 92%.

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8

Chu, Xu, Jinliang Liu, Langning Wang, Tao Xun, Xinbing Cheng, and Hanwu Yang. "A new solid-state LC-Marx generator based on saturable pulse transformer." Review of Scientific Instruments 92, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 054712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0039117.

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9

Liu, Yi, Siwei Liu, Yibo Han, Yafeng Ge, Qin Zhang, and Fuchang Lin. "Optimization Design of a Repetitive Nanosecond Pulse Generator Based on Saturable Pulse Transformer and Magnetic Switch." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 43, no. 9 (September 2015): 3277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2015.2459102.

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10

Geng, Jiu-yuan, Jian-hua Yang, Xin-bing Cheng, Rong Chen, and Ting Shu. "A compact, low jitter, high voltage trigger generator based on fractional-turn ratio saturable pulse transformer and its application." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 084709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090998.

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In this paper, an all-solid-state high voltage trigger generator is developed, which is aimed at triggering a several gigawatts three-electrode spark gap of an intense electron beam accelerator (IEBA). As one of the most important parts for triggering the IEBA precisely, it is developed based on a fractional-turn ratio saturable pulse transformer and a compact six-stage Marx generator. A pulse of rising time 141 ns and amplitude 79.6 kV is obtained on the 1000 Ω dummy load. The trigger is operated at pulsed repetition frequency over 10 Hz for testing its operational stability. The jitter counted from the initial control signal to the falling edge of the pulse is 0.64 ns. In addition, experiments of three-minute continuous repetitive operations at 10 Hz and higher frequency are carried out. The results show that the trigger generator has high stability even in long-time operations. So far, it successfully applies to the main switch of IEBA with a breakdown voltage of over 500 kV, and a total system jitter of 6.7 ns is acquired.

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11

Xuliang Fan and Jinliang Liu. "Research on Automatic Reset Mechanism of Magnetic Switch Based on Saturable Pulse Transformer." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 41, no. 6 (June 2013): 1664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2013.2262181.

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12

Fan, Xuliang, and Jinliang Liu. "An LC Generator Based on Accurate Synchronization Controlling of Multisecondary Windings Saturable Pulse Transformer." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 42, no. 1 (January 2014): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2013.2288116.

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13

CHEN, Rong, Jianhua YANG, Xinbing CHENG, and Zilong PAN. "Research of a fractional-turn ratio saturable pulse transformer and its application in a microsecond-range pulse modulator." Plasma Science and Technology 19, no. 6 (April 28, 2017): 064014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/aa6155.

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14

Zaizen, Shohei, Kyohei Asami, Takashi Furukawa, Takeshi Hatta, Tsubasa Nakamura, Takashi Sakugawa, and Takahisa Ueno. "The Development of a Compact Pulsed Power Supply with Semiconductor Series Connection." Electronics 12, no. 21 (November 4, 2023): 4541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214541.

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In this study, high-voltage switching was performed by connecting semiconductors in series. By employing Snubber circuits and voltage divider resistors for each semiconductor, the destruction of the semiconductors was prevented. Additionally, a pulse transformer was installed between the function generator and the photocoupler to isolate the gate circuit, preventing electrical discharges in the circuit and enabling operation at an output voltage of 10 kV and an operating frequency of 200 Hz. The temperature of the semiconductors increased with the increase in operating frequency, which was counteracted by connecting charging resistors and capacitors to limit the current to the semiconductors. As a result, operation at 430 Hz became possible. Furthermore, a saturable inductor (SI) was connected to enable continuous operation. The SI delays the rise of the current and creates a phase difference, thereby reducing the power consumption of the conductor and mitigating the temperature rise, enabling continuous operation at 300 Hz. Moreover, by increasing the number of semiconductor series stages to six, an output voltage of 20 kV was confirmed in tests. By using two semiconductor series circuits, the pulsed power supply that can be changed to any pulse width was also created. As a result, output voltages with arbitrary pulse widths from 5 μs to 30 μs were confirmed.

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15

Chen, Rong, Jianhua Yang, Xinbing Cheng, and Zilong Pan. "An all-solid-state microsecond-range quasi-square pulse generator based on fractional-turn ratio saturable pulse transformer and anti-resonance network." Review of Scientific Instruments 88, no. 3 (March 2017): 034701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977219.

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16

Geng, Jiu-yuan, Jian-hua Yang, Ting Shu, Xin-bing Cheng, Rong Chen, Chaoran Chen, and Yunrui Yue. "Synchronization of parallel intense electron beam accelerators based on single trigger generator." Review of Scientific Instruments 94, no. 4 (April 1, 2023): 044705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138307.

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In this study, the authors provide results of the precisely synchronized triggering of an intense electron beam accelerator (IEBA). The trigger generator was composed of a fractional-turn ratio saturable-pulse transformer and a compact six-stage Marx generator. The main switch of the IEBA was a corona-stabilized triggered switch (CSTS) based on the stabilized corona mechanism. The output voltage of a single IEBA exceeded 500 kV with less than 4 ns of jitter on a 50 Ω dummy load. We also conducted an experiment on the synchronous triggering of two IEBAs by using two independent trigger generators. The synchronization-related jitter was 6.1 ns, while the average time difference was 1.3 ns. We used this to attempt to trigger two parallel IEBAs by using a single trigger generator. The results showed a reduction in the synchronization-related jitter of 31% to 4.2 ns. The designs of the CSTS and the trigger generator guaranteed a precisely synchronous trigger by using a single trigger generator. Thus, the proposed method appears to be promising for accurately and synchronously triggering multiple IEBAs by using a single trigger generator. This provides an effective method to generate pulses with high power.

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17

Zhang Yu, 张瑜, and 刘金亮 Liu Jinliang. "New types of saturable pulse transformers and applications in high power pulse modulator and relevant devices." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 26, no. 4 (2014): 45024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20142604.45024.

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18

Moïse Dikandé, Alain. "Soliton trains induced by femtosecond laser filamentations in transparent materials with saturable nonlinearity." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 13 (April 7, 2023): 133102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139398.

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Femtosecond laser inscriptions in optical media current offer the most reliable optical technology for processing of transparent materials, among which is the laser micromachining technology. In this process, the nonlinearity of the transparent medium can be either intrinsic or induced by multiphoton ionization processes. In this work, a generic model is proposed to describe the dynamics of femtosecond laser inscription in transparent materials characterized by a saturable nonlinearity. The model takes into account multiphoton ionization processes that can induce an electron plasma of inhomogeneous density and electron diffusions. The mathematical model is represented by a one-dimensional complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with a generalized saturable nonlinearity term in addition to the residual nonlinearity related to multiphoton ionization processes, coupled to a rate equation for time evolution of the electron plasma density. Dynamical properties of the model are investigated focusing on the nonlinear regime, where the model equations are transformed into a set of coupled first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically with the help of a sixth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm with a fixed time step. Simulations reveal that upon propagation, spatiotemporal profiles of the optical field and of the plasma density are periodic pulse trains, the repetition rates and amplitudes of which are increased with an increase of both the multiphoton ionization order and the saturable nonlinearity. When electron diffusions are taken into account, the system dynamics remains qualitatively unchanged; however, the electron plasma density gets strongly depleted, leaving almost unchanged the amplitude of pulses composing the femtosecond laser soliton crystals.

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19

Zhang, Dan, Chenxi Zhang, Xiaohui Li, and Abdul Qyyum. "Layered iron pyrite for ultrafast photonics application." Nanophotonics 9, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 2515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0014.

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AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide materials have attracted much attention in recent years due to their excellent electro-optical properties. FeS2, the ideal composition of iron pyrite, is a 2D transition metal dichalcogenide which has been potentially used in the electronic, optical, and chemical fields. On the other hand, the narrow band gap of FeS2 (≈0.96 eV) makes it very suitable and promising for the ultrafast application in near-infrared regimes. However, the potential application of FeS2 in laser technology has not been explored till now. Ultrashort pulse lasers have great applications in industry and science because of its stability, ease of operation, and portability. Passively mode-locked fiber lasers using 2D materials (such as MoS2, CuS2, and WS2) as saturable absorber are intensively investigated. Here, layered FeS2 has been characterized systematically. It is successfully applied in ultrafast photonics and plays a key component in the passively mode-locked laser for the first time. The single pulse can be obtained with 1.7-ps pulse duration, 1.89-nm spectral width, and fundamental repetition of 6.4 MHz at 1563 nm central wavelength. Through controlling the pump power, the evolution of the pulse train can be observed, which can be transformed from single pulse to bound states. Also, the harmonic mode-locked fiber laser is observed with the pump power high enough.

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20

Sakugawa, Takashi, and Hidenori Akiyama. "All solid-state pulsed power generator using a high speed gate turn off thyristor and a saturable transformer." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 121, no. 4 (2001): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms1990.121.4_351.

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21

Sakugawa, Takashi, and Hidenori Akiyama. "An all-solid-state pulsed power generator using a high-speed gate-turn-off thyristor and a saturable transformer." Electrical Engineering in Japan 140, no. 4 (June 26, 2002): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.2006.

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22

Robles, Guillermo, Muhammad Shafiq, and Juan Martínez-Tarifa. "Designing a Rogowski Coil with Particle Swarm Optimization." Proceedings 4, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-5-05721.

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Rogowski coils are inductive sensors based on Faraday’s and Ampère’s Laws to measure currents through conductors without galvanic contact. The main advantage of Rogowski coils when compared with current transformers is the fact that the core is air so they never saturate and the upper cut-off current can be higher. These characteristics make Rogowski coils ideal candidates to measure high-amplitude pulsed currents. However, there are two main drawbacks. On the one hand, the output voltage is the derivative of the primary current so it has to be integrated to measure the original signal; on the other hand, the transfer function is resonant as a result of the capacitance and the self-inductance of the coil. The solution is the use of a passive integration with a terminating resistor at the output of the sensor that splits the two complex poles and gives a constant transfer function for a determined bandwidth. The downside is a loss of sensitivity. Since it is possible to calculate the electrical parameters of the coil based on its geometrical dimensions, the geometry can be adapted to design sensors for different applications depending on the time characteristics of the input current. This paper proposes the design of Rogowski coils based on their geometric characteristics maximizing the gain-bandwidth product using particle swarm optimization and adapting the coils to the specific requirements of the application.

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23

Zhuang, Longyu, Junxiang Yang, Taichi Sugai, Akira Tokuchi, and Weihua Jiang. "Solid-State Pulsed Power Generator Based on Blumlein PFN Using Saturable Pulse Transformer." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2021, 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2021.3108562.

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24

"Physical suppression effects of the reversed magnetic coupling on the saturation inductance of saturable pulse transformer." Applied Physics Letters 102, no. 25 (June 24, 2013): 253502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4812333.

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25

Degnon, Mawuena R., Anton I. Gusev, Antoine Silvestre de Ferron, Laurent Pecastaing, Aleksandr Baranov, Christophe Mielot, Sébastien Boisne, et al. "A Saturable Pulse Transformer Based on Nanocrystalline Magnetic Cores for an Adjustable Nanosecond High-Voltage Generator." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2023, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2023.3284657.

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26

Hu, Qiongyu, Kejian Yang, Ming Li, Ping Li, Haoxu Zhao, Bin Zhang, Jing Liu, Yongming Yang, and Xiaohan Chen. "Multi-pulse dynamic patterns in a mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser based on an Sb2S3-PVA saturable absorber." Nanotechnology, June 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/acdaa2.

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Abstract Multi-pulse dynamic patterns have been experimentally documented in a passively mode-locked (PML) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser using an Sb2S3-PVA saturable absorber (SA). The fundamental mode-locking operation with a repetition rate of ~3.22 MHz, a pulse width of ~2 ns, an SNR of ~50 dB and a peak power over 200 W, was achieved under pump power from 280 to 360 mW with appropriate polarization states introduced by the polarization controllers (PCs). By rotating the orientation of intra-cavity PCs carefully and slowly at a pump power of 350 mW, it was found that a multi-pulse bunch was transformed gradually from a single-pulse to a twelve-pulse bunch, with several intermediate transition states of multi-pulse bunches being observed. In addition, other characteristic modes including disordered multi-pulses and soliton rains have been experimentally observed by meticulously adjusting polarization of PCs at a pump power of 350 mW. Our systematic study clearly demonstrated that Sb2S3 has promising potential as an effective SA for generating different operation states of multi-pulses in PML anomalous-dispersion EDF lasers.

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27

Ahmad, Harith, Maryam Jasmine Mohd Makhfuz, Norazriena Yusoff, and Hissah Saedoon Albaqawi. "120 nm wide band tunable pulsed laser generation employing vanadium carbide MXene/polyvinyl alcohol (V₂C-PVA) film." Physica Scripta, November 27, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad1024.

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Abstract MXene, a group of 2D materials, has garnered significant attention from researchers due to its impressive characteristics, such as large surface area, high metallic conductivity, and strong nonlinear saturable absorption. These properties make MXene an excellent material for exploring new possibilities in ultrafast photonics technology. The present study has demonstrated that vanadium carbide (V2C) MXene can function as a saturable absorber (SA) and effectively generate Q-switching pulses in the 1.9 μm wavelength region. The molten salt synthesis method was employed to synthesize V2C MXene, which involved the selective etching of aluminum (Al) layers from the V2AlC MAX Phase precursor. The V2C MXene was transformed into a thin film by mixing it with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using a solution casting technique. The resulting V2C-PVA film was found to have saturable absorption properties, with a modulation depth of 8 % and saturation intensity of 1.6 MW/cm2. Upon integrating the V2C-PVA film into the Thulium/Holmium-doped fiber laser (THDFL) cavity, stable Q-switching pulses were realized at a central wavelength of 1896.9 nm with 13.9 nm of 3-dB spectral bandwidth. At the maximum pump power of 448.7 mW, the 2.2 µs of pulse duration, 58.26 kHz of repetition rate, and 31 nJ of pulse energy were achieved. By adjusting the tunable bandpass filter (TBPF) integrated within the THDFL cavity, the system has a tunable spectral range of approximately 120.75 nm, from 1889.75 nm to 2010.5 nm. The exceptional performance of V2C-based SA for Q-switching operation showcases the immense potential of other MXene materials in the future of photonics applications.

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28

Yu, Qiang, Cheng Chen, Kun Guo, Haiqin Deng, Tianan Yi, Yan Zhang, Wei Su, Jian Wu, and Kai Zhang. "Deterministic Transfer of Large-Scale β-Phase Arsenic on Fiber End Cap for Near-Infrared Ultrafast Pulse Generation." Frontiers in Materials 8 (September 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2021.721587.

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Gray arsenic (β-phase) has aroused great attention in photonics and electronics applications, as a novel family member of two-dimensional (2D) elemental crystals of group-VA. Here, β-phase arsenic (β-As) bulk crystals were synthesized via the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method. Meanwhile, large-scale β-As nanoflake was transformed using the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-assisted dry transfer method and was placed on the end cap of optical fiber with high coverage over the core area. Moreover, the β-As was used as a saturable absorber in ytterbium-doped fiber ring cavity resonance, and we demonstrated near-infrared ultrafast pulse fiber laser with the central wavelength, repetition rate, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 1,037.3 nm, 0.6 MHz, and 67.7 dB, respectively. This research demonstrates a 2D material small area deterministic transfer method and promotes the potential application of group-VA crystals in near-infrared ultrafast laser generation.

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