Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SAR'
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Monteiro, Marcus Vinícius Teixeira. "Processador SAR com autofocalização para o SAR-SIVAM." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2005. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=215.
Full textPipia, Luca. "Polarimetric differential SAR Interferometry with ground-based sensors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6951.
Full textEl objetivo de la Polarimetría SAR es describir el entorno de interés analizando las propiedades de la señal que éste dispersa cuando se utilizan diferentes combinaciones de polarización de las antenas transmisora y receptora, definidas canales polarimétricos. La polarimetría interferométrica SAR junta la capacidad de la polarimetría de separar mecanismos de dispersión independientes con la sensibilidad de la Interferometría a la altura de los correspondientes centros de fase, y permite describir la distribución volumétrica de los dispersores dentro de la escena observada. Debido a la falta de conjuntos de datos polarimétricos SAR satelitales que cubran tramos temporales suficientemente largos, hay aún un gran interés en las mejoras que la polarimetría podría aportar a técnicas ya consolidadas como las de Interferometría Diferencial.
La actividad de investigación que se presentará en esta tesis doctoral abarca, por primera vez conjuntamente, las dos áreas de la Polarimetría SAR y de la Interferometría Diferencial utilizando el sensor radar terrestre de corto alcance (gbSAR) desarrollado por la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunyua (UPC). El trabajo constará de dos bloques principales.
El primer bloque describirá las técnicas que se han desarrollado para convertir el sistema UPC gbSAR en un instrumento operativo y simplificar la utilización de sus adquisiciones, incluyendo la formulación matemática de los principios de funcionamiento del sistema, la cadena de procesado de los raw data y su calibración polarimétrica, los procedimientos de georeferenciación, y las técnicas de compensación de los artefactos atmosféricos presentes en sus medidas diferenciales.
La segunda parte se ocupará de demostrar los beneficios que los datos SAR polarimétricos ofrecen respecto a la medición de un único canal polarimétrico para aplicaciones diferenciales. A fin de llevar a cabo esta tarea, se analizarán los datos gbSAR adquiridos durante una campaña de medidas de un año realizada en el pueblo de Sallent, en Cataluña, afectado por un fenómeno de subsidencia. En esta parte se analizarán tres temas principales. El primero es el comportamiento no estacionario en tiempo del entorno urbano bajo la geometría de observación del sensor terrestre. Se estudiarán en detalle los efectos de su inestabilidad y se propondrá una técnica de filtrado novedosa entallada a las propiedades de los blancos deterministas con el fin de preservar la información de la fase diferencial. El segundo tema abarca el problema de los efectos de troposfera en datos diferenciales con separación temporal superior al mes y de su separación de las variaciones de fase inducidas por el proceso de deformación. El tercer tema es la utilización de toda la información polarimétrica diferencial. Con fin de superar las limitaciones propias de las técnicas DInSAR clásicas, se propondrá un nuevo modelo polarimétrico de dispersión y se demostrarán las ventajas de la nueva formulación enseñando la mejor estimación del proceso de subsidencia en Sallent. En la parte final de este apartado se explorará también el potencial de las técnicas polarimétricas de optimización de la coherencia para aplicaciones diferenciales.
Differential SAR interferometry (DInSAR) deals with the combination of multi-temporal SAR images for the estimation of the linear and non-linear components of the deformation process within an area of interest during the whole observation period. A high stability of the platform is required for a reliable estimation of the geodetic phenomena. Accordingly, space-borne SAR images are operatively employed for DInSAR estimation, air-borne DInSAR still constituting a challenging research issue. SAR
Polarimetry aims at charactering the illuminated area through the analysis of its response under different combinations of transmitting and receiving antennas polarization, called polarimetric channels. The Polarimetric SAR Interferometry joins the capability of Polarimetry to separate independent scattering mechanisms and the sensitivity of Interferometry to the corresponding phase centers' elevation, making it possible to describe the volumetric distribution of the scatterers within the observed area. Owing to the lack of long-time collections of polarimetric space-borne SAR data, the studies carried out in this research field have been mainly based on air-borne acquisitions. Yet, there is a great expectation for the improvements that polarimetry may bring to assessed single-polarization techniques such as the DinSAR.
The research described in this PhD dissertation fills for the first time the gap between SAR Polarimetry and SAR Differential Interferometry through the employment of an X-band ground-based SAR (gbSAR) sensor developed by the Remote Sensing Lab of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC).
The work is divided into two main blocks. The first part deals with the algorithms that have been developed to make the UPC system operative and its acquisitions easy to use. Summarily, they include the mathematical formulation of the sensor's working principles, the raw data processing chain and the polarimetric calibration method, the geocoding procedures, and the techniques compensating for the atmospheric artefacts affecting gbSAR zero-baseline acquisitions.
The second part is concerned with demonstrating the benefits that polarimetric SAR measurements provide with respect to single-polarization data for differential applications. In order to cope with this task, the data sets acquired during a one-year measurement campaign carried out in the village of Sallent, northeastern Spain, are analyzed. The experiment was focused on monitoring the subsidence phenomenon affecting a district of the village with the UPC gbSAR sensor. Three main issues are here argued. The first one is the time non-stationary behaviors characterizing the urban environment at X-band in the gbSAR observation geometry. Their effects are analyzed in detail and a novel non-stationary filtering technique tailored to deterministic scatterers' properties is introduced to preserve the differential phase information. The second one is the compensation of the troposphere changes in long-time span gbSAR differential interferograms. A new technique is worked out to effectively separate the differential phase variations due to the atmospheric artefacts from the deformation components. The third one is the use of the whole polarimetric differential information. A novel polarimetric differential scattering model is put forward to relax the constraints of an advanced DInSAR technique, the Coherent Pixel Technique, and to propose an innovative polarimetric approach. The advantages offered by Polarimetric DInSAR are demonstrated in terms of quality of the deformation-rate map describing the subsidence phenomenon in Sallent. In the end, the potentials of coherence-optimization techniques for the further improvement of the deformation process estimation are stressed.
Algafsh, Abdullah. "A comprehensive literature review of SAR polarimetric calibration for Waseda SAR Sensor." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13645.
Full textThis dissertation deals with a comprehensive literature review on SAR polarimetric calibration, as well as developing a polarimetric calibration procedure to be used for calibrating the sensor for the Waseda SAR project. The complete work is presented in six chapters. The dissertation starts by introducing Synthetic Aperture Radar Polarimetry (SAR polarimetry) by identifying the research objectives, and explains Waseda SAR project between King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology and the University of Cape Town. A comprehensive literature review on SAR polarimetric calibration is introduced in the dissertation. The literature review explains the developments in calibration methods from the early 1960’s to recent years, including passive and active reflector advantages as well as the limitations for both reflectors. Also, displaying the received power as a function of polarization in a graphic way is presented in the dissertation known as the ‘polarization signature’. Two examples are used which are: the trihedral corner reflector and the dihedral corner reflector. The two examples are the theoretical reference for the calibration procedure for Waseda SAR sensor. The calibrated data set collected from NASA’s Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) over California is analyzed. The data is contaminated with an unrealistically high amount of coupling (-5 dB) to show the coupling effect on the data and then remove the amount of coupling to return the data to its original form. The dissertation concludes with a calibration procedure to be used for calibrating Waseda SAR sensor using the presented methods of SAR polarimetric calibration. The procedure involves using external devices such as: trihedral corner reflectors and dihedral corner reflectors as well as calculating the sizes of the reflectors and how the calibration flights are to be coordinated and instrumented with the reflectors.
Wuyts, Shirley Lynne. "SAR processing using PVM." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21763.
Full textThis thesis explores various methods of using PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) to improve the speed of processing a SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) image. A network of heterogeneous machines were set up as the basis of the parallel virtual machine. SAR processing software was written for testing the PVM. The software performed simplified range and azimuth compression on simulated SAR images of a point target The theory and results were examined as part of the thesis. Complications such as range curvature, range migration and range dependent focusing were not addressed.
Manohar, Madhura. "Sigma receptor ligands: a systematic approach in the design and synthesis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15788.
Full textHomann, Hanno [Verfasser], and O. [Akademischer Betreuer] Dössel. "SAR Prediction and SAR Management for Parallel Transmit MRI / Hanno Homann ; Betreuer: O. Dössel." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1184493987/34.
Full textMargarit, Martín Gerard. "Marine applications of SAR polarimetry." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6944.
Full textFins l'actualitat, diferents propostes s'han estudiat per monitorar vaixells, com per exemple transpondedors, teledetecció òptica i sensors acústics passius. L'experiència en entorns reals ha demostrat que cap d'aquestes solucions és eficient. Una alternativa poden ser els Radars d'Obertura Sintètica (SAR). Aquests sistemes utilitzen les propietats de reflectivitat i dispersió dels vaixells per identificar-los amb independència de qualsevol fenomen atmosfèric i del cicle dia/nit. El sensors SAR sintetitzen una obertura més gran que la real permetent l'obtenció d'imatges de reflectivitat d'uns quants kilòmetres d'amplada amb una resolució de pocs metres.
En la monitorització de vaixells, la tecnologia SAR ha demostrat unes bones prestacions per la detecció. Treu profit del fet que els vaixells dispersen més energia que el mar i, així, apareixen en les imatges com punts molt brillants. Però, la seva utilitat en la identificació de vaixells encara no està clara. Hi ha dues limitacions importants: 1) les resolucions dels sistemes actuals no semblen suficients per aïllar característiques geomètriques a partir de la informació de reflectivitat i 2) les distorsions que les signatures dels vaixells experimenten en entorns marins. Aquests problemes es poden resoldre parcialment si s'utilitzen dades SAR multidimensional. Aquest concepte es refereix al fet d'adquirir imatges SAR modificant un o més paràmetres del sistema. En la classificació de vaixells, hi ha dues opcions clares: 1) Polarimetria SAR (PolSAR) que utilitza les dues components polarimètriques de l'ona EM i 2) la Interferometria SAR que s'obté per la combinació de dues imatges SAR adquirides des de posicions molt properes. Per a una banda, la polarització de l'ona EM és una propietat intrínseca de l'ona que ajuda a aïllar estructures geomètriques particulars per mitjà de la teoria de descomposició de blancs (TD). Per l'altra, la interferometria treu profit de la diferencia de fase entre les dues imatges SAR per obtenir la tercera dimensió de l'escena.
PolSAR and InSAR presenten grans possibilitats per la monitorització de vaixells ja que poden solucionar algunes de les limitacions dels mètodes clàssics. Desafortunadament, encara no han estat profundament estudiades a causa de les dificultats en obtenir dades reals validades. Això ha limitat el nombre d'estudis en aquesta temàtica. En aquest entorn, la tesi està orientada a avaluar fins a quin punt les tècniques PolSAR i InSAR poden ser útils per la monitorització de vaixells. Per a tal propòsit, s'han fixat quatre objectius importants:
1. El desenvolupament d'un simulador SAR eficient que doni imatges realistes de vaixells i que solucioni el dèficit de dades reals en entorns marins.
2. L'estudi de la dispersió dels vaixells que fixi els principals mecanismes de dispersió observats en imatges SAR i com es relacionen amb la geometria dels vaixells.
3. Un estudi de les prestacions de les tècniques actuals d'anàlisis de dades PolSAR en la classificació de vaixells.
4. El desenvolupament d'un mètode nou i eficient per la identificació de vaixells.
Al llarg de la tesis, els diferents punts seran estudiats i resolts. El desenvolupament de GRECOSAR, un simulador SAR de blancs complexes que dóna imatges de vaixells similars a les adquirides en entorns reals, ha estat essencial per estudiar les propietats de dispersió dels vaixells. Ha permès demostrar que els vaixells es poden distingir a partir del seu patró dispersiu, el qual és senzill i dominat per alguns dispersors guia que presenten una marcada estabilitat i potència de dispersió. Amb aquests resultats ha estat possible desenvolupar un nou mètode que pot identificar vaixells sota condicions d'observació adverses. Combina característiques polarimètriques i interferomètriques SAR (PolInSAR) per inferir estimacions 3D de la geometria dels vaixells. Diferents tests han demostrat que aquest mètode dóna una millor fiabilitat en la identificació que altres mètodes actualment disponibles. Malgrat tot, fixa uns requeriments tecnològics més elevats, sobretot en la resolució de les imatges i en les característiques PolInSAR. La nova generació de sensors SAR els poden cobrir.
Oceans support a complex and fragile chain that links a high number of biological, sociological and economical factors. In these days, this ecosystem is endangered by human activity and one of the main hot spots is overfishing. As a result, authorities worldwide have become aware about the necessity to law-protect the marine environment in order to assure the safety and sustenance of human beings. This demands the development of fisheries policy to monitor the activities of ships.
Up to now, different vessel monitoring proposals have been considered, for instance transponders, optical remote sensing or passive acoustic sensors. The lessons learnt in real scenarios have shown that none of these solutions is efficient. A feasible option may be the so-called active Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology. It uses the reflectivity/scattering properties of vessels for basing the identification process with independence of any atmospheric phenomena and day/night cycle. SAR sensors synthesize an antenna aperture larger than the real one and this allows to acquire reflectivity images of some tens of kilometers wide with a resolution of few meters.
In vessel monitoring, SAR imagery has proven good performance for vessel detection. They take profit of the fact that vessels normally backscatter more power than the sea and, hence, they appear in the images as bright spots. But their usefulness in vessel identification has not been established yet. There are two main limitations, namely: 1) the resolution of current systems that appears to be not enough for isolating geometrical features from the reflectivity information of SAR images and 2) the distortions that vessel' signatures experiment within sea scenarios. Such problems can be solved up to certain extend if multidimensional SAR data is used. This concept refers to the possibility to acquire different SAR images by modifying one or more imaging parameters. In the scope of vessel classification, there are two main options, namely: 1) SAR polarimetry (PolSAR) that refers to the usage of the two polarimetric components of the EM wave and 2) SAR interferometry (InSAR) derived by combining two SAR images acquired from slightly different positions. On the one hand, the polarization of an EM wave is an intrinsic wave property that helps on identifying specific geometrical structures via Target Decomposition (TD) theory. On the other hand, Interferometry takes profit of the phase difference between the two SAR images to retrieve the third dimension of the scene.
PolSAR and InSAR have great potentialities for supporting vessel monitoring as they can overcome some of the limitations of classical methods. Unfortunately, they have not been exploited yet due to the difficulties on having at one's disposal real data with reliable ground-truth. This has limited the number of works tackling such issue. In this framework, the current thesis is focused to evaluate up to which extend PolSAR and InSAR imagery are reliable for vessel monitoring. For such purpose, four main goals are proposed, namely:
1. The development of an efficient SAR simulation environment that provides realistic vessel SAR images and overcomes the current data deficiency related to marine scenarios.
2. The study of vessel scattering to fix the main polarimetric scattering mechanisms observed in vessel SAR images and how they are related with the geometries of vessels.
3. A performance study of current analysis tools of PolSAR data in vessel classification.
4. The development of a novel and efficient methodology for vessel identification.
Along the thesis, the different points are studied and solved. The development of GRECOSAR, a SAR simulator of complex targets able to provide vessel images similar to those obtained in real scenarios, has been essential for studying the scattering properties of vessels. It has allowed to show that vessels can be distinguished by means of their scattering pattern, which appear to be not so complex and dominated by some guide scatters that present a marked reflectivity stability and scattered power. With these results, a new approach able to identify vessels even under adverse observation conditions has been developed. It combines polarimetric and interferometric SAR (PolInSAR) capabilities to retrieve 3D estimates of the geometry of ships. Different tests have shown that the proposed method provides better identification confidence than other available methods. However, it demands higher technological requirements in terms of image resolution and PolInSAR features. The new generation of SAR sensors may fulfill them.
Darling, Paul Simon. "SAR modelling for ecological applications." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297315.
Full textSandys-Renton, Jane Belinda Elizabeth. "Segmentation techniques for SAR imagery." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317224.
Full textBeckett, Keith. "Real-time parallel SAR processing." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309878.
Full textMaréchal, Rozenn. "Contribution au SAR spatial distribué." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ESAE0005.
Full textBuchhaupt, Christopher. "Model Improvement for SAR Altimetry." Phd thesis, Schriftenreihe Fachrichtung Geodäsie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt, 2019. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/9015/1/PhD_Buchhaupt.pdf.
Full textGorham, LeRoy A. "Large Scene SAR Image Formation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1452031174.
Full textGebhardt, Mark William Dewdney. "Speckle reduction in SAR imagery." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18786.
Full textNavarro, Sánchez Víctor Diego. "Satellite Polarimetric Differential SAR Interferometry." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/39875.
Full textSjögren, Thomas. "Development and evaluation of SAR algorithms for image formation and speed estimation in wideband SAR." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00455.
Full textSjögren, Thomas. "Development and evaluation of SAR algorithms for image formation and speed estimation in wideband SAR." Karlskrona : School of Engineering, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00455.
Full textCOSTANTINI, FABIANO. "Potential of advanced SAR interferometric techniques of the new generation C-band Sentinel-1 SAR mission." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/214219.
Full textFALABELLA, FRANCESCO. "Spaceborne and Terrestrial Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Systems: Innovative Multi-temporal SAR Interferometric Methods and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi della Basilicata, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11563/162987.
Full textMulti-temporal SAR interferometric (Mt-InSAR) techniques are nowadays mature tools to measure the temporal evolution of the Earth’s surface with millimetric accuracy. The reliability of crustal measurements is closely related to the goodness of the used Mt-InSAR algorithms in isolating the deformation-related signal from the overall signal, and this becomes increasingly complex as the noise levels of each interferogram increase. Canonical techniques are highly reliable in monitoring the displacement evolution of targets that are found to be largely stable or coherent over the entire period of analysis. Otherwise, when the scatterers are particularly affected by decorrelation problems, the obtained deformation estimates turn out to be corrupted and unreliable. Thus, there is a strong demand for new advanced Mt-InSAR processors that can provide accurate estimates of crustal deformation even in scenarios with more or less severe decorrelation problems. This thesis work focuses on the study of multi-temporal InSAR techniques applicable in both satellite and terrestrial case. Specifically, the canonical Mt-InSAR multigrid techniques for analyzing targets at the finest resolution grid will be discussed extensively highlighting their criticality in medium to low coherence areas, and in this context an innovative technique is proposed to better operate in decorrelated environments. The new method relies on efficient phase-unwrapping (PhU) operations performed at the native spatial scales. In particular, a set of multi-look (ML) interferograms is first unwrapped using conventional (or advanced) PhU algorithms at the regional scale. Subsequently, ML unwrapped interferograms are used to facilitate the PhU operations performed at the local scale (single-look). Specifically, the unwrapped multi-look interferograms are resampled to the single-look grid and modulo-2π subtracted to the single-look interferograms. These phase residuals are then unwrapped and added back to the multi-look resampled interferograms. To accomplish these operations, at variance with alternative multiscale methods, no (linear/nonlinear) models are used to fit the spatial high-pass phase residuals. Finally, the unwrapped single-look interferograms are properly inverted to retrieve the ground displacement time series using any small baseline (SB)-oriented multitemporal InSAR tool. Experimental results are performed by processing a set of SAR data acquired by the X-band COSMO-SkyMed sensor over the coastal area of Shanghai, China. Then, the focusing moves on the Weighted Least-squares (WLS) techniques applied within the InSAR framework for improving the performance of the phase unwrapping operations as well as for better conveying the inversion of sequences of unwrapped interferograms to generate ground displacement maps. In both cases, the identification of low-coherent areas, where the standard deviation of the phase is high, is requested. Therefore, a WLS method that extends the usability of the Mt-InSAR Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) algorithm in regions with medium-to-low coherence is presented. In particular, the proposed method relies on the adaptive selection and exploitation, pixel-by-pixel, of the medium-to-high coherent interferograms, only, so as to discard the noisy phase measurements. The selected interferometric phase values are then inverted by solving a WLS optimization problem. Noteworthy, the adopted, pixel-dependent selection of the “good” interferograms to be inverted may lead the available SAR data to be grouped into several disjointed subsets, which are then connected, exploiting the Weighted Singular Value Decomposition (WSVD) method. However, in some critical noisy regions, it may also happen that discarding of the incoherent interferograms may lead to rejecting some SAR acquisitions from the generated ground displacement time-series, at the cost of the reduced temporal sampling of the data measurements. Thus, variable-length ground displacement time-series are generated. The presented experiments have been carried out by applying the developed technique to a SAR dataset acquired by the COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) sensors over the Basilicata region, Southern Italy. In the continuation of the thesis work, the properties characterizing the phase non-closure of multi-look SAR interferograms are explored. Precisely, we study the implications of multi-look phase time incongruences on the generation of ground displacement time-series through SB Mt-InSAR methods. Our research clarifies how these phase inconsistencies can propagate through a time-redundant network of SB interferograms and contribute, along with PhU errors, to the quality of the generated ground displacement products. Moreover, we analyze the effects of short-lived phase bias signals that could happen in sequences of short baseline interferograms and propose a strategy for their mitigation. The developed methods have been tested using both simulated and real SAR data. The latter were collected by the Sentinel-1A/B (C-band) sensors over the study areas of Nevada state, U.S., and Sicily Island, Italy. After the development of algorithms for the satellite part, the work veers to ground-based SAR (GB-SAR) sensors. In this field, we propose a method for estimating and compensating the atmospheric phase screen (APS) in sets of SAR interferograms generated with a GB-SAR instrument. We address the presented approach’s physical, statistical, and mathematical framework by discussing its potential and limitations. In contrast with other existing algorithms that estimate the APS from the unwrapped phase signals, our methodology is based on the straightforward analysis of the wrapped phases, directly. Therefore, the method is not affected by any potential phase unwrapping mistake, and it is suitable for Mt-InSAR applications. The effects of the local topography, the decorrelation noise, and the ground deformation on the APS estimates are deeply studied. Experiments performed on simulated and real GB-SAR InSAR data corroborate the validity of the theory. In particular, the simulated results show that the method is beneficial in zones with medium-to-high topographic slopes (e.g., for Alpine and mountainous regions). Further, an interferometric SAR application for the study of three-dimensional (3-D) deformation through the joint and integrated use of satellite and ground SAR data is presented. More precisely, the interferometric data-combining technique exploits the innovative Mt-InSAR algorithms mentioned above, and allows obtaining 3-D mean displacement velocity maps at the finest spatial grid among the available data. In conclusion, also some interested satellite SAR applications in prevention and analysis of particular natural and human-induced disasters are given.
Gens, Rüdiger. "Quality assessment of SAR interferometric data." Hannover : Fachrichtung Vermessungswesen der Univ, 1998. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=95607121X.
Full textWalessa, Marc. "Bayesian information extraction from SAR images." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964273659.
Full textAronsson, Peter. "Objektdetektering i SAR- och IR-bilder." Thesis, Linköping University, Communication Systems, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15711.
Full textThis report treats detection in IR-pictures taken from airplanes over the ground. The detection is divided in two parts. First there is a detection with filterkernels with the task to point on targets and objects that look like targets. The second part is a discriminator that demands more calculations and has the task to sort out the false alarms from the discriminator. Both the detector and the discriminator contain thresholds thats been trained from trainingsets of data. The results from the detector was better then expected hence it wasn’t possible to test the diskriminator properly.
Den här rapporten behandlar detektering i IR-bilder som är tagna från flygplan över marken. Detekteringen är i det här arbetet uppdelat i två delar. Först görs en detektering med filterkärnor som har till uppgift att peka ut mål och målliknande objekt. Den andra delen är en diskriminator som är något mer beräkningskrävande och har till uppgift att sortera bort de falskmål som detektorn fått med. Både detektorn och diskriminatorn innehåller trösklar som har tränats fram med träningsdata. Detektorn gav bättre resultat än väntat och diskriminatorn har därför inte kunnat testas ordentligt.
Ju, Chen. "Edge-enhanced segmentation for SAR images." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34190.pdf.
Full textChang, Yin-Ting Melody. "An ultra-low power SAR ADC." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14703.
Full textYousif, Osama. "Change Detection Using Multitemporal SAR Images." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Geodesi och geoinformatik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123494.
Full textQC 20130610
Snapir, Boris. "SAR remote sensing of soil Moisture." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9253.
Full textFaraci, Francesca Dalia. "Antenna design and optimisation for SAR." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434054.
Full textSalles, Roberto Neves. "Registro automático de imagens SAR interferométricas." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2011. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m19/2011/08.16.16.47.
Full textThis work presents an automatic registration method for interferometric SAR images. First the SAR images, in complex format, are coarse registered using correlation techniques. This results in range and azimuth shifts on a pixel scale, that are applied on the second image, without need for interpolation. Optionally the azimuth spectral filtering can be applied to the corregistered pair, to enhance the interferometric coherence between them. The second step is the fine registration. By using a grid of small regularly distributed windows over both images, a grid of subpixel shifts is calculated by correlation, from which deformation polynomial equations in range and azimuth are calculated and applied to resample the second image. Spectral range filtering can be optionally applied on the corregistered pair, to enhance interferometric coherence between them. The final registration quality can be measured by analysis of the coherence image and/or by residues method applied to the interferometric phase. The algorithms were implemented in IDL/ENVI and tested on many data.
Kitra, Maria I. "Low-SAR ferrite handset antenna design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/35984.
Full textPalayer, Pierre. "La langue sar (sud du Tchad)." Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR2010.
Full textDefined by greenberg. Phonemics : 23 consonants among which are injecti ves heigths); a syllabic contrast of intensity is present inside the nite functions : verbal lexeme, nominal lexeme which are differentiated into substantival, pronominal, dicto-nominal and adjectival subclasses
Souare, Moussa. "Sar Image Analysis In Wavelets Domain." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1405014006.
Full textLE, SIDANER PIERRE, and Georges Stamon. "Compensation de mouvements dans l'imagerie sar." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066544.
Full textLe, Hégarat Sylvie. "Classification non supervisée d'images SAR polarimétriques." Paris, ENST, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENST0024.
Full textKennedy, Stuart Alan. "SAR & slow-moving target detection." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6460/.
Full textLe, Hégarat-Mascle Sylvie. "Classification non supervisée d'images SAR polarimétriques /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35857575f.
Full textJunior, Orlando Demétrio Zaloti. "Avaliação do Modelo Digital do Terreno Extraído de Dados SAR Interferométricos na Banda X do SAR R-99B." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2007. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m17@80/2008/02.26.19.58.
Full textIn the Brazilian territory there are several areas with no topographic mapping coverage and the existent maps are not updated due to the continuous land use and land cover changes. The Sistema de Prote¸cao da Amazonia (SIPAM) uses airplanes with synthetic aperture radar which allows to image in several conditions. This radar was designed for recoinassance tasks with a civil and military perspective. The potential of this sensor for mapping has not been studied yet. The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate the elevations of the interferometric digital terrain model supplied by SIPAM. To reach this aim, it was analyzed the possible factors wich affect the quality of the model extracted by interferometry such as the slope gradient, the aspect, the regions of imagery in range dimension, the land use and land cover. The study site at Sao Jos´e dos Campos, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil was divided in homogeneous regions (strata) which features were related to the factors that would affect the quality of the model. The sample collection in the strata were done with the GPS receivers performing relative positioning (sample points survey) and differential GPS (road survey). The digital terrain model showed shift and rotation problems that were fixed using the surveyed roads as reference. The fixed digital terrain model was classified according to the Brazilian mapping standards as compatible at scale of 1:100.000 (class A) on condition that bias will be removed. The digital terrain model errors have bias, with a mean error of -27,83 m. The strata had a small number of samples being used the nonparametric statistics. After the remotion of bias, the strata did not have significant differences at the regions of imagery in range dimension and at the land use and land cover, in general. The aspect and slope gradient were considered influential on errors. The mountain strata showed a larger variability and the mountain stratum with foreslope and anti-azimuthal aspects tend to underestimate the errors. The ondulated stratum with backslope and azimuthal aspects tend to overestimate the errors with intermediate variability. The stratum composed by grouping the ondulated with foreslope and anti-azimuthal aspects and flat does not show bias and it has intermediate variability. Although the SAR R-99B has a high spatial resolution in interferometric mode (3 m), the digital terrain model extracted was not compatible with scales higher than 1:100.000 (class A), with a result worse than the expected and had a planimetric error of 178,297 m that does not allow its use for mapping unless it is applied first an appropriate geometric correction and bias removal.
Kim, Jin Woo. "Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)/ SAR Interferometry (InSAR) for Monitoring of Wetland Water Level and Land Subsidence." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374107720.
Full textKuny, Silvia [Verfasser], and S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hinz. "Detection of Building Damages in High Resolution SAR Images based on SAR Simulation / Silvia Kuny ; Betreuer: S. Hinz." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123507238X/34.
Full textHedayati, Raheleh. "A Study of Successive Approximation Registers and Implementation of an Ultra-Low Power 10-bit SAR ADC in 65nm CMOS Technology." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska komponenter, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-72767.
Full textMartínez, Vázquez Alberto. "Snow cover monitoring techniques with gb-SAR." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6922.
Full textLa altura del manto nivoso se calcula a partir de la fase interferométrica diferencial de dos adquisiciones SAR consecutivas bajo la hipótesis de nieve seca y asumiendo un modelo de nieve de una capa. El volumen desplazado en una avalancha se obtiene mediante la resta de dos modelos del terreno digitales (DTM) generados justo antes y después del fenómeno avalancha. Los DTMs se obtienen con el modo topográfico del instrumento: dos antenas separadas una cierta distancia reciben simultáneamente los ecos de una tercera antena que transmite. La tercera técnica de monitorización, detección y clasificación de avalanchas, se realiza mediante la magnitud de la coherencia compleja entre dos imágenes SAR consecutivas. Las avalanchas de nieve presentan valores de coherencia muy bajos en el área afectada, que puede ser identificada mediante un modelo basado en características morfológicas y estadísticas. En la presente tesis se presenta un innovador algoritmo para la detección y clasificación de avalanchas.
El GB-SAR del Joint Research Centre, una vez mejorado para permitir su uso continuado 24h al día y 7 días a la semana (capítulo 3), ha sido utilizado para desarrollar y verificar las técnicas mencionadas anteriormente. Se han realizado medidas durante seis inviernos, que han proporcionado más de 120000 imágenes SAR a una frecuencia aproximada de 12 minutos por imagen. Se han estudiado dos emplazamientos, cada uno con características diferentes con el fin de verificar el uso operativo de las técnicas bajo condiciones reales. Los resultados muestran que la obtención de la altura del manto nivoso es posible pero su aplicación está limitada al campo experimental ya que su uso está condicionado por fuertes restricciones. Un estudio de viabilidad posteriormente confirmado con medidas muestra, en cambio, las limitaciones de precisión de los instrumentos GB-SAR para obtener una estima del volumen de nieve desplazado en una avalancha. Finalmente, la técnica más prometedora es la de detección y clasificación de avalanchas, la cuál se demuestra factible y robusta desde un punto de vista operativo y práctica desde una perspectiva de usuario final.
Ground-based synthetic aperture radars (GB-SAR) are instruments that, although relatively young, are operationally used to monitor landslides with sub-millimetre accuracy. There are however other application fields that deserve some attention.
Monitoring of the snow cover and, in particular, of those processes associated with the snow avalanches are a clear example of this. To date, monitoring of the snow cover has been traditionally carried out at local scale either with invasive sensors or with continuous wave (CW) radars, while at wider scales air- or satellite-borne sensors have been employed. The work presented in this PhD thesis is a first attempt to study the potential use of GB-SAR sensors to monitor the snow cover. Three techniques for monitoring snow cover with GB-SAR are presented through Chapters 5, 6 and 7: snow height retrieval, snow avalanche volume retrieval and avalanche events detection and classification.
Snow height is retrieved by using the differential interferometric phase of two consecutive SAR acquisitions under the assumption of single layer model and dry snow conditions. The volume displaced in a snow avalanche is computed by subtracting two digital terrain models (DTM) generated immediately before and after the avalanche event.
DTMs are obtained with the topographic interferometric mode of the instrument: a spatial base line separates two antennas that simultaneously receive the echoes of a third transmitting antenna. The third monitoring technique, avalanche detection and classification, is achieved identifying low-coherence anomalies in the coherence image between two successive SAR acquisitions. Snow avalanches present a low-coherence signature that can be identified by a morphological and statistical parameter model. A novel detection and classification scheme for snow avalanches is proposed.
The Joint Research Centre's GB-SAR sensor, upgraded to allow continuou operation 24 hours a day 7 days a week, also as part of the work of this thesis (Chapter 3), was used to develop and assess the before mentioned techniques. Measurements were carried out during six winters, providing more than 120000 SAR images at a rate of one image every 12 minutes approximately. Two test sites were studied, each with different characteristics in order to assess under real conditions the operational use of the monitoring techniques. Results show that snow height retrieval is achievable but remains, for the moment, an on-going research topic due to strong constraints limiting its use. A feasibility study is presented showing the accuracy limitations of GB-SAR to compute the snow volume involved in an avalanche. Finally, the most promising technique is snow avalanche detection and classification, which is demonstrated to be feasible and robust from an operational point of view and practical from an end user perspective.
Hajnsek, Irena. "Inversion of surface parameters using polarimetric SAR." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963834800.
Full textMonells, Miralles Daniel. "Orbital differential SAR interferometry with polarimetric data." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405640.
Full textEls Radars d'Obertura Sintètica (SAR) embarcats en satèl·lits han demostrat ser molt efectius per monitoritzar grans àrees, independentment de les condicions atmosfèriques i del cicle dia/nit. L'aplicació més explotada es l'Interferometria Diferencial SAR (DInSAR), i per extensió, les tècniques avançades de processament multi-temporal anomenades Interferometria de Reflectors Persistents (PSI). Aquestes tècniques són capaces de mesurar el desplaçament en superfície del terreny observat. Aprofitant la gran cobertura que s'aconsegueix amb aquesta tecnologia, fenòmens d'origen tant natural com humà poden ser detectats i controlats per evitar i prevenir situacions de perill o fins i tot catastròfiques. La bona caracterització d'aquestes situacions sovint es relaciona tant amb la densitat com en la qualitat de la informació obtinguda. En molts casos, l’èxit en la interpretació de moviments de terreny localitzats depèn de tenir tants punts de mesura com sigui possible. Les tècniques convencionals de mesura in-situ, quan s'usen de forma adequada, són capaces de donar mesures fiables. No obstant, la seva cobertura està limitada a la localització de l'instrument, i la instal·lació d’un gran nombre d'instruments no és una solució econòmica. La bona caracterització de l'àrea mesurada amb tècniques PSI està limitada pels paràmetres d'adquisició i les característiques de la pròpia escena observada. La sensitivitat de les imatges SAR depèn en gran mesura de la distribució i la forma geomètrica dels blancs mesurats. Històricament, els sensors SAR emetien en polarització simple, i per tant la sensitivitat a la escena estava restringida a aquesta configuració específica de la antena. Per altra banda, durant les adquisicions polarimètriques s'emet i es rep en diferents configuracions de l'antena. Això permet tenir sensitivitat a geometries diferents dins la mateixa escena. El llançament aquest últims anys de diferents satèl·lits amb capacitats polarimètriques ha permès el seu ús en diversos camps d'aplicació. L'objectiu d’aquesta tesi és avaluar l'ús de dades polarimètriques SAR (PolSAR) per la seva aplicació en el marc de les tècniques PSI. La informació addicional que contenen els conjunts d’adquisicions PolSAR ha de millorar l'efectivitat de les tècniques PSI. L'obtenció d'una millor densitat i qualitat de les mesures permet una millor detecció i interpretació dels fenòmens de desplaçament superficial del terreny.
Sahin, Halil Ibrahim. "Comparative Evaluation Of Sar Image Formation Algorithms." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612510/index.pdf.
Full text. Finally, simulation results are presented and discussed to show the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms.
Heal, John Russell. "Discrete target recognition in polarimetric SAR imagery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27883.
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Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
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Wessel, Birgit. "Automatische Extraktion von Strassen aus SAR-Bilddaten." kostenfrei, 2006. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/601104/document.pdf.
Full textShowman, Gregory Alan. "Polarimetric calibration of ultra-wideband SAR imagery." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13368.
Full textRau, Richard. "Postprocessing tools for ultra-wideband SAR images." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13389.
Full textWanwiwake, Tippawan. "A microsatellite based synthetic aperture radar (SAR)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548360.
Full textYousif, Osama. "Urban Change Detection Using Multitemporal SAR Images." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168216.
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Halimi, Abderrahim. "De l'altimétrie conventionnelle à l'altimétrie SAR/Doppler." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951973.
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