Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Santé – Innovation'
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Chaher, Yosra. "Cadre d'ingénierie pour l'innovation ouverte : application en santé connectée." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30121.
Full textFaced with many challenges, competitive organizations today are those that quickly transform new ideas into new products or services. This is why they are seeking to better control their innovation process and make it more efficient across all functions of their value chain, from the idea generation phase to their launch. In addition, over the past 15 years, large companies have opened up their innovation processes due to the need for shorter innovation cycles and shorter time to market. However, we note that there is virtually no formal approach in the literature related to innovation modeling that streamlines the management of the so-called "open" innovation process. In this context, we are developing a methodological framework by targeting the open innovation process in order to formalize it and rationalize its management. The Model-Driven Engineering approach implemented allows us to propose a formal approach to properly structure the management of open innovation. To this end, our research focused initially on the design of a conceptual model that describes the knowledge included in the scope of open innovation management through formalization in UML. This conceptual model is considered the reference base of our methodological framework since it is generic and can be applied to any type of innovation. Then, we proposed a life cycle model that describes the process of open innovation, based on collaboration and exchange between the different actors. We have detailed this model into collaborative business processes using BPMN diagrams to describe operational activities, and DMN diagrams to frame decision making activities. Finally, we illustrated this methodological framework on two case studies related to the field of connected health, in order to test its validity
Duong, Tu-Anh. "Intégration par les usages d’une innovation en santé : La télédermatologie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC096/document.
Full textDesigning product or services for healthcare system is highly complex, costly and risky. It combines constraints such as being a multi decisional and multilevel system with specific financial model linked to the state the healthcare system organization belongs to. In the highly marketing-time sensitive context of innovative products or services, there is challenge for designers to be able to match the new design to the users’ needs, answering to their context or usages while integrating all system stakeholder components. Telemedicine (TM) is the use of ITtechnologies to provide medical care or medical advice. It is considered a care delivery transformation combining medical, technological and organizational innovation. Using the example of Teledermatology a dermatological application of TM, this PhD develops a methodology based upon users contexts and usages to design integrate and provide an assessment model to decision makers. The opportunity to implement and integrate the service in French department of dermatology is discussed
Duong-Eclancher, Tu-Anh. "Intégration par les usages d’une innovation en santé : La télédermatologie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC096.
Full textDesigning product or services for healthcare system is highly complex, costly and risky. It combines constraints such as being a multi decisional and multilevel system with specific financial model linked to the state the healthcare system organization belongs to. In the highly marketing-time sensitive context of innovative products or services, there is challenge for designers to be able to match the new design to the users’ needs, answering to their context or usages while integrating all system stakeholder components. Telemedicine (TM) is the use of ITtechnologies to provide medical care or medical advice. It is considered a care delivery transformation combining medical, technological and organizational innovation. Using the example of Teledermatology a dermatological application of TM, this PhD develops a methodology based upon users contexts and usages to design integrate and provide an assessment model to decision makers. The opportunity to implement and integrate the service in French department of dermatology is discussed
Zaghmouri, Noura. "Innovations managériales et management de proximité au sein des organisations de santé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0194.
Full textThe increasing growth of health expenditure, accentuated by changes in health needs, has inevitably led to the introduction of a budgetary constraint within hospitals. These budgetary restrictions, denounced by the health professionals, caused a real discomfort within the hospitals imposing to envisage organizational reforms. Managerial innovations have thus become a possible response to the hospital crisis. However, their implementation may be hampered by obstacles related to the structural complexity of health organizations and the plurality of actors involved in them. The literature highlights the key role of the proximity manager in helping to overcome resistance by supporting the creation of a sense of innovation.Our research aims to specify the methods of influence of the proximity manager on the implementation of managerial innovation and its adoption by the actors of the organization. Based on an intervention research carried out in immersion for six months in a Luxembourg hospital, we support the implementation of a managerial innovation, Lean Management, within an outpatient chemotherapy service faced with organizational difficulties.The results of the research highlight the influence of the local manager on the adoption of managerial innovation and reveal factors that moderate the ability to mobilize these levers. Structural adjustments and the introduction of managerial support for the manager's autonomy support his missions to deploy innovation
Aranzazu, Ana isabel. "Le réseau de surveillance de la grippe de l’OMS : circulation, innovation et santé publique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD047.
Full textThis dissertation traces the history of the WHO global influenza surveillance network between 1947 and 1997. This international public health system is responsible for the continuous monitoring of influenza virus mutations and the transfer of strains to the pharmaceutical industry for the production of vaccines. This story explores the various strategies employed by WHO in order to ensure the constitution and the globalization of the influenza network: development, standardization and dissemination of laboratory techniques and epidemiological surveillance methods; production and free distribution of reagents; certification and dissemination of scientific and epidemiological information on influenza; development of regulatory standards concerning the circulation and sharing of strains, epidemiological information and knowledge inside and outside of the influenza surveillance network. This analysis addresses the relationship between science, economics and international politics involved in the creation and the growth of this program. Furthermore, this story examines the challenges posed by the globalization of the influenza surveillance system, including the difficulties faced by developing countries – not producing influenza vaccine – to collaborate in the influenza surveillance. The involvement of WHO into the regulation of the production and the control of influenza vaccine and the relationship established by WHO with the industries producing the vaccine is also considered in the present study
Hebiz, Chams Eddoha. "Capacité d'absorption des connaissances et apprentissage organisationnel : "application à cinq entreprises du secteur de biotechnologies de santé"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB001.
Full textThis thesis aims at understanding which mechanisms of external knowledge absorption of organizations that is likely to contribute to the development of internal innovations. And concerning the thesis problem, the objective is to consider deeply three main questions :Q1: How do the organizations absorb external knowledge ?Q2: What are the organizational conditions that affect the absorptive capacity of knowledge by companies?Q3: What is the relation that exists between "the exploitation capacity" of external knowledge and "the ability to innovate"?In order to answer these three main questions, a literature synthesis has been conducted. This synthesis implements in particular the emphasis on the work having as problematic the relationship that may exist among the three major points discussed in the thesis namely "The organizational learning", "absorptive capacity" and "the ability to innovate".As a conclusion of this literature review, seven proposals were made. They are focused on two points. The first point targets the question of the influence of "specific organizational factors" on the absorptive capacity. The second is about the relation between "the exploitation capacity" of external knowledge and "the ability to innovate".Following the literature approach, an empirical research has been carried out relying on the methods suggested by Eisenhardt (1989-2007), Yin (2003), Miles and Huberman (2003). This empirical research is structured in two stages. An exploratory case study conducted in an exemplary company in the sector of biotechnology health has allowed us first to analyze the specifics of its "absorption process of knowledge" and the organizational conditions that influence it. Afterward, a cross-sectional study of four companies in the same industry then allowed us to check out how the results of the exploratory analysis can be generalized. It is useful to clarify that the type of innovations considered in this thesis is technological innovation.The results demonstrate several important aspects, which characterize the process of knowledge absorption implemented within companies. On the one hand, they confirm the multidimensional, cumulative and interactive nature of this process. On the other hand, they clarify evidently the uncertain, iterative and nonlinear nature of absorption process. The results reveal that a proper union between the different dimensions of organizational conditions of knowledge absorption which influences positively the four dimensions of the of the absorption process.These results have led us to conclude that the exploitation capacity of knowledge and organizational conditions of their absorption contribute to improving the innovation capacity of companies in the biotechnology health’s sector. Finally, the results obtained allow to develop a conceptual framework of the knowledge absorption and to identify ways of reflections to improve the understanding of the absorption capacity of knowledge
Fassier, Jean-Baptiste. "Étude de la faisabilité du modèle de Sherbrooke dans le système de santé français." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4295.
Full textZafiropoulou, Maria. "Les réseaux de santé, gouvernance et potentiel d'innovation : études de cas des réseaux gérontologiques grecs, suisses et français." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12022/document.
Full textThe objective of this research is to contribute to the analysis of health care networks, and particularly of gerontology networks as promising organizational arrangements. This research tries to answer the following question: How can the logics of action and gerontology strategies of deciders meet the needs of (global) public policies and local needs (local) in order to foster social innovation and serve users ? Gerontology network is considered not as a toolbox, but as a living body, and just like every human body, these networks are characterized by their morphological (anatomical) and physiological features (Part I), and by their behavior (Part II). We have chosen to accompany the text of caricatured illustrations associated with some verbatim from interviewed stakeholders. Thus, the network is as a person, a puppet of the government, a robot - reflecting creativity and originality - or even a clone - symbolizing an ideal organizational type. In the same perspective, the innovative logics of action would be those that meet the "biorhythm" of network in order not to degrade its effectiveness and those adopting appropriate strategies to its spatiotemporal environment. Willing to analyze some innovative cases of gerontology networks in France, Switzerland and Greece (Part III) we have created a model based on the articulation of regulation and proximity. Health networks are positioned on this model, and criteria such as their organizational capacity of interference and arrangement in time, their position in the life cycle, their choice of proximity and control allow them to be more innovative
Colasse, Sophie. "Hôpital, Territoire, Santé : l'émergence d'un contrôle de gestion médicalisé ?" Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00732241.
Full textKhodadad, Saryazdi Ali. "Les barrières et les facteurs de succès à l'implantation d'innovation de processus dans les établissements publics de santé : le cas de la télémédecine en France." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2015.
Full textSince the French law of the hospital, patients, health and territory (HSPT), the healthcare institutions have shown their interest for a better healthcare provision. The use of philosophies and process improvement techniques inspired by the new public management was seen as a way to increase the quality of care and reduce the length of hospital stays. Telemedicine is a kind of remote medical practice based on information technology and communication which can be considered as an innovation process in order to improve the healthcare delivery system. Despite the interest shown by the French public hospitals in implementing the telemedicine, success factors as well as barriers influencing its implementation need to be developed. By this work, we try to provide some answers to this problem by a qualitative research in the public healthcare sector
Fernandes, Da Rocha-Puleoto Carmella. "La promotion de la santé à l'Ecole : d'une ambition politique à la réalité des écoles calédoniennes : Etude des mécanismes de diffusion d'une approche intersectorielle de la santé à l'école primaire en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0068.
Full textThe state of health of New Caledonia's population is evolving towards an increase in illnesses linked to a sedentary lifestyle and a very rich diet, with all the attendant chronic diseases. It is also experiencing difficulties in controlling infectious diseases such as rheumatic fever, with all its consequences for people's quality of life. Like other countries in the Pacific region, the increase in non-communicable diseases is a major public health issue in New Caledonia. Yet not everyone is in the habit of exercising, eating a healthy diet, consulting their doctor if they have a sore throat or systematically applying an antiseptic in the event of an injury. We now know that this is linked to the social determinants of health.From a political point of view, health promotion is a strategy (a set of coordinated intersectoral actions) that aims to contribute to social change in order to improve the health of all and reduce health inequalities. In New Caledonia, this intersectoral approach to social change is embodied in the "Do Kamo" health plan and the Caledonian education project voted in 2016.The aim of this research is to study the impact of this approach on the ground. To understand how this cross-sectoral policy was translated at the level of government departments and then at the level of New Caledonian schools, the actor-network theory derived from the sociology of innovation was used. This theory is relevant to this work because it provides a framework for understanding how such an innovation (the intersectoral policy) interacts with a network of actors and how it spreads or does not spread. From the policy level to the community level, a series of processes are at play in what can be described as translation.The mixed-method study combines qualitative and quantitative analyses of a wide variety of sources. Continuous monitoring of the translation process and its results from 2016 to 2020 has made it possible to identify the actors involved in a cross-sectoral approach at the political level, on the basis of political speeches and institutional productions. Then, on the basis of exchanges of emails, reports, minutes and interviews with the players in the network set up to co-construct a health education tool in schools, it was possible to identify the players involved at the level of 3 school districts.Monitoring the translation process enabled us to observe the mechanisms by which an intersectoral approach is disseminated. It is reflected in the emergence of players mobilised in both sectors and located at local, governmental and political levels. These key players are: - the political entrepreneurs, who will drive forward a public policy of health promotion in schools at the political level; - the coordinators, who, supported by their respective management teams, will develop appropriate strategies to ensure that their colleagues contribute to the project; - the constituencies and school management teams, who will support the educational teams at a co-decision level and disseminate this integrated approach to health beyond the perimeter of the school.The results show that the intersectoral dynamic is materialising, on the one hand, around an innovative approach to the real co-construction of a health education tool, and on the other, through the emergence of professionals who are experts in the field
Arbelaez, Garces Giovanny Alberto. "Intégration des préférences des parties prenantes et amélioration de l'acceptabilité lors du processus de co-conception : application au système de santé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0069/document.
Full textDeveloping products that are better accepted by integrating users’ and stakeholders’ preferences is a major challenge for designers and project managers. How to evaluate and improve users’ acceptability has become an important research question. Current approaches leave the acceptability evaluation question for the last stages of New Product Development process (NPD), when a prototype is almost finished and when it is too late to make changes. For this our work is divided in the following contributions: • The test of the co-design approaches through two case studies. • A co-adaptation approach of the habitat for home-healthcare. • An assessment approach of the acceptability level of a solution based on Bayesian networks. • An improvement approach of the assessed acceptability level, enabling the research and simulation of improvement scenarios, combining Bayesian networks and a simulated annealing algorithm
Tarantini, Clément. "Le risque infectieux au regard des pratiques d'acteurs : une anthropologie "par le bas" de la gestion du risque infectieux à l'hôpital." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0095.
Full textBased on ethnographic investigation, this dissertation examines the social construction of infectious risk management practices among health care professionals in a hospital unit for Infectious and Tropical Diseases. Such units are specifically designed to take on patients who are contagious or suspected of being so and are front-line responders to epidemic health crises: problems linked to hospital-acquired infections (HAI) and the containment of epidemics are thus of crucial importance. In order to respond to these threats, the units are equipped with a number of heterogeneous objects aimed at limiting the circulation and the transmission of infections agents: expert knowledge, recommendations, protective equipment, spatial organization, etc. These multiple objects, varied in nature but common in purpose, make up what I call isolation dispositifs. In addition, the particular feature of the observed unit is that it is at the center of an HAI prevention project – within the framework of which this investigation was carried out – based on the development of a socio-technical innovation reinforcing these isolation dispositifs: an “automated” audit of hand hygiene. This anthropological work is an invitation to move away from the notion of risk as it has been apprehended by public health, and to look more toward the agencements of risk that actors practices are built upon. Thus unfurl some of the lines that make up these agencements, the ways in which they are connected, diverge, and play against each other. In following these lines, the social dynamics implicated in the construction of preventive practices in the face of infectious risk, as well as their social differentiated nature, come to the surface. These lines can be of at least three sorts: historic, normative, and sensitive. The first shed light as much on the long history inherited by today’s infectious and tropical disease wards and their isolation dispositifs, as on the specificities of a local history, each shaping in its own way the faces of care and the relationship towards infectious risk. The second are normative in the sense that they are derived directly from the processes by which isolation dispositifs and sociotechnical innovations contribute to shaping actors practices. These lines then give way to questions about evaluations and assessment and judgements that caregivers might have about these dispositifs, the ways in which they compose, assemble and negotiate with them in order to engage in care-giving activities that imply facing invisible dangers embodied in infectious pathogenic agents. The third are certainly the most obscured by prevention experts, as the question of emotions and feelings enters into conflict with scientific rationality. And yet, feelings of fear and disgust, as much as the experience of filth associated with the latter, are at the core of forms of socialization and professional strategies central in the construction of the relationship toward infectious risk. The study of these sensitive lines is a prerequisite to a better understanding of actors practices. At a time when bacterial resistance is emerging as a new challenge in the fight against HAI, and when (re)emerging diseases are at the center of concerns for health care authorities, health professionals, and even more so those who are on the “front line” working in infectious and tropical disease wards, play a decisive role in the fight against new infectious risks. Exposing the social anchors of risk through empirical and qualitative studies constitutes, without a doubt, an essential contributive step toward the prevention of HAI and to the management of these new epidemics. Many other lines are yet to be explored
Guidou, Nadège. "La qualité, l'innovation et la créativité du travail au sein des organisations : vers une politique globale de prévention de la souffrance psychique au travail." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2089/document.
Full textThis research work deals with the intervention in prevention of occupational psychological health problems. It highlights the difficulties between knowing and doing: the biggest difficulties occur after diagnosis, when work situations and the organisation have to be substantially and permanently transformed. To reach this goal, a great deal of theoretical work has been carried out in order to identify in literature and analyse significant models of intervention for their coordination between a sound theoretical framework around the dynamics of occupational health (knowing) and a methodological framework of intervention (doing). We propose thus, through a literature review, three dimensions able to theorize the transition from knowledge to action, a transition which is understood as a social process as such and not as a methodological consequence. Those 3 dimensions, namely the object of the intervention, the level of involvement and the cognitive prevention process implemented with the actors, are at the heart of our work. Thanks to this theoretical and epistemological work, the designed methodological framework aims at developing scientifically this process, seeking its comprehensibility and the beginning of a work of predictability, and enabling reproducibility by other actors in the future. To that end, we present 3 studies, each firmly rooted in practice, within occupational health departments, and thus in the field. They study the effects of different linkages between the object of intervention, the level of involvement and the cognitive prevention process. The whole process fits into fundamental applied research and results in the proposal and the testing of a new model of prevention, which enables to go beyond the limits observed in literature. This new approach is characterised by this specific coordination and also by an innovative methodology that puts the intervention within a process of organisational innovation. Based on the implementation of a proximal zone of development, it allows the actors to develop transitional activities and is helpful in the difficulties they face in any prevention system. Eventually, this work opens new practical and scientific orientations, questions the stance of the occupational health professionals as well as the framework of practice of occupational psychologists
Fournier, Cécile. "Les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles, une opportunité pour transformer les pratiques de soins de premier recours : place et rôle des pratiques préventives et éducatives dans des organisations innovantes." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T011/document.
Full textThe delivery of primary care in multi-professional health care centres (MSPs) has met with growing interest over the past few years. These types of care organisations have been presented as a solution to the challenges associated with population ageing, the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, the rise of inequalities in healthcare and of healthcare expenditures. MSPs contribute to the questioning of the French health care system, based historically on a curative and hospital-centred model complemented by a self-employed, isolated and city-concentrated system of medical practice. The need to give primary care a central place in the system has become an objective shared by public institutions and by some self-employed healthcare professionals (HCPs). It is associated with the aim of restructuring primary care in order to emphasize a prevention-based approach, in a more collective, coordinated, population-based and territory-based approach of public health. How are primary care practices being transformed within these MSPs? In the dynamics observed, what are the place and role played by preventive and educational practices? These questions are explored with a posture of “committed” research, based on a methodological and political reflection, involving medical, public health and sociological approaches. An analysis of the literature enables this research to place the development of MSPs in a continuum of organisational innovations, favoured by the decreasing number of doctors, the uneven distribution of HCPs and the territorialisation of healthcare provision. In order to seize - in a simultaneous and dynamic way - the current transformations and arrangements observed in MSPs and the meaning they have for the actors involved, the research is based on an ethnographical monograph of a project of MSP followed over a long period, and on interviews held with actors practicing in four different MSPs. The sociology of innovation enables us to highlight the “ways of doing things” and the translation operations that help to weave together the development of coordinated practice in MSPs and the implementation of prevention and educational measures involving actors not accustomed to working together. Moreover, the interactionist perspective in sociology allows us to apprehend the difficulties met by the actors in their daily practice, their aims and their arguments in favour of a new organisational framework, as well as the diversity of the different forms of their engagement and the underlying social dynamics. MSPs and initiatives of prevention and patient education implemented in these institutions appear as effective political instruments to “put professionals in movement” around objectives and organisations that have to be built up together, following several paths. With these flexible innovative devices, multi-professionality and preventive practices feed mutually on each other, contributing to the structuring of a primary care system on a territorial basis, and to the emergence of a wider definition of prevention. However, these transformations meet important constraints. On one hand, the reinvention of a collective medicine, against which the self-employed medicine has been opposed for over a century, collides with the weight of a heavy professional logical system, questioning the possibility of an extension of these new organisations. On the other hand, the scale of the preventive and educational supply of care is limited by the available resources as well as the choices made by the actors- and by the low rank given to patients. These results question the capacity of the actors to overtake the logical professional approach in order that they integrate from now on a public health logical approach with a preventive and educational aim. They also question the will of the actors to integrate a health-promoting approach, than could tackle the politics of intersectoral actions to affront the determinants of health inequalities
Foley, Véronique. "Évaluation du projet de prévention du passage à l'injection de drogue en Estrie : évaluation, innovation et concertation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25950.
Full textKameda, de Figueiredo Carvalho Koichi. "Testing the Nation : Healthcare policy and innovation in diagnostics for infectious diseases in Brazil." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0196.
Full textIn vitro diagnostics (IVD) is a segment of the health biotechnology industry for which the major players are situated in developed countries. At the same time, the contemporary landscape has compelled multinational companies to transform their business models and non-Western countries to become both new markets and places where new knowledge and technology can be produced. Not only is Brazil an important market for healthcare products, but it also has a long-standing history of producing pharmaceutical and biological innovations. It is in this context that Brazilian actors have engaged in the manufacturing of IVD for infectious diseases. These initiatives articulate public health and industrial economy policies, a preferred approach of the new developmentalism (neo-desenvolvimentismo) that prevailed in the country from 2003 to 2016. This thesis aims to shed light on how these actors organize IVD production and innovation in such a changing world, and at the crossroads of public health, technological autonomy and the national economy in Brazil. The research draws on fieldwork conducted between 2014 and 2017, which involved internships in two biotechnology laboratories linked to the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, and on interviews with the various actors involved in the initiatives to produce national diagnostic tests
Jolly, Charlotte. "La théorisation des innovations au sein de la méta-organisation expérimentale et créative (MOEC) : étude de cas dans le champ de la santé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1080.
Full textFor several years the health system experiencing significant changes, including how to "take care". The originality of the research is to analyze the theory of processes through the prism of social innovation in a favorable space to innovation, which is a specific organized form: the Meta-Organization Experimental and Creative (MOEC). The theorizing process is few studied and the research objectives are to enrich the literature of theoretical and empirical contributions. In this sense, this research work is to show the importance of theorizing in the institutionalization of innovation and the role of MOEC to initiate and support innovation. The research focuses on innovations developed by a plurality of actors from the field of health (health and medico-social), which gather in an open space (Shared space of public health), initiated by University Hospital of Nice. The research work is divided into four parts. The first part presents theoretical framework and links the three research subjects, "theorizing", "social innovation" and a "space for innovation : Meta-organization". They are well structured : how theorizing initiates and supports innovations in an experimental meta-organization and creative ? The second part presents the search field and the methodology used, including the epistemological choices. Given the research question, the focus is placed on three innovations developed by the EPSP : the project "Health sports seniors Saint-Roch" (4S), the "30 recommendations for retirements homes of the 21st century” and the “Center support social health (C3S)”. The third part presents the analysis of results from our different observations
Meyer, Christine. "La régulation de la diffusion des innovations dans le système de santé : l'exemple de l'imagerie médicale." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010028.
Full textThe developped countries aim at managing the health structures developpment and to limit the health expenditure growth induced by technical and medical innovations diffusion in the health system. So, they directly operate in the system. But the french policy (price fixing or budgeting system or investment control), is primarily organized to limit this diffusion. And it is not efficient. During the last ten years diagnostic imaging grew at the same rythm than the whole medical expenditures. Though investment is controlled, the ct-scanner's looks like if it was not. When the examinations are paid by unit, we argue that there are induced profits, while in hospitals with limited budget local deficits are hidded. Even if the system might be made more efficient by technical ways, those public actions have to be built on economical criteria and take in account conditions and effects of those diffusion, for example the learning costs and the externalities
Demoré, Béatrice. "Evaluation et régulation de la diffusion des innovations pharmocothérapeutiques en milieu hospitalier." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077152.
Full textArfaoui, Nabila. "Réglementation environnementale et dynamique de l'innovation : analyse des effets du règlement REACH." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0035.
Full textOn 1 June 2007 the European Union set up REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation of Chemicals), one of the most ambitious regulations. This regulation establishes a new philosophy of how to design environmental protection and health. According to the preamble to the Regulation, the objective of REACH is "to ensure a high level of protection of human health and the environment while enhancing competitiveness and innovation." REACH has been designed to balance environmental objectives with competitiveness aims, and has the scope to induce the adoption of eco-Innovation as a side effect of the regulation itself. For this reasons, REACH appears as a privileged object of study to analyse the effects of environmental regulation on the innovation. In this regard, we analyse the innovation-Friendly mechanisms of REACH to promote the development of environmental innovations. From an unique original survey on REACH regulation, we study, one the hand, mechanisms to promote new opportunities in the field of environment and health, and, the other hand, those that stimulate demand for environmental quality. Finally, we analyse the impact of the attributes of the REACH regulation on technological and industrial dynamics from an agent-Based model (ABM). The ABM provide a powerful tool for exploring such complex and stochastic systems as innovation, and allow modelling the behaviour of heterogeneous agents, technological diversity and the change in selection environment that result from policy measures
Humbert, Christophe. "Dépendance , innovation et coordination gérontologique : des dispositifs socio-techniques pour l’autonomie des personnes âgées ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG020.
Full textThis Phd work aims to question recent transformations in the field of support and care for the so-called "dependent" elderly. One of the central objectives of this thesis is to develop a definition of autonomy, as it is brought into play in innovative socio-technical devices used in gerontology. This research is based on the analysis of the deployment of an information system (IS) for gerontological coordination, in Alsace. Four consecutive years along, I followed the innovation trajectory of this IS, between 2015 and 2018. I mainly analyze its impact on “dependence trajectories” of ten elderly people, at different stages of deployment of the device
Zanetti, François. "L’Électricité médicale dans la France des Lumières : histoire culturelle d’un nouveau remède." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100152.
Full textFrom the 1750s, Electricity was the object of widespread scientific and popular curiosity across Europe. Its first use was therapeutic and electric sparks have immediately been applied to paralytics. In France, medically-trained physicians did not become interested on the new treatment until the 1770s. The role of the newborn Société royale de médecine and of Pierre Mauduyt de la Varenne was pre-eminent in fashioning electricity as a properly medical tool, thus excluding natural philosophers and amateurs from its legitimate practice. Not only does this process have institutional and professional dimensions but it also deals with cultural representations in the scientific and medical fields of knowledge and with the behaviour and practices of both the patients and practitioners. We underline the authority of the patients in ther organisation of their own treatment and their being active in the medicalisation process. During the 1780s, there is a sharp social shift in the use of medical electricity, which is thereafter targeted towards the urban poor, in order to regenerate the Nation and put them back to work. Focusing on a single therapeutical means allows us to cross traditional boundaries between the history of medical ideas, social history of the patients and practitioners and cultural history of representations thus integrating the history of medicine to the wider field of Enlightenment history
Martelli, Nicolas. "Evaluation des dispositifs médicaux innovants dans les CHU en vue de leur acquisition : état des lieux et élaboration d’un outil d’aide à la décision." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA114802/document.
Full textInnovative medical devices offer solutions to medical problems. However, medical devices arriving on the European market have generally little evidence about efficiency. To manage the uncertainty surrounding the introduction of innovative medical devices, hospitals and university hospitals have developed worldwide hospital-based health technology assessment (HTA) processes to guide the selection of expensive and innovative products. Nevertheless, little is known about hospital-based HTA activities in France. We demonstrated that French models of hospital-based HTA are comparable to those found elsewhere and presented sometimes a combination of several HTA models. We also underlined that a mini-HTA like model could easily be applied to French university hospitals. Mini-HTA has become widespread in many different forms across the world. We compared criteria of different mini-HTA forms to criteria used in French university hospitals and identified 26 relevant criteria to assess innovative medical devices. Finally, we developed and tested in real conditions a multiple-criteria decision tool derived from these 26 criteria
Hoareau, Charlène. "Le Réseau Créatif de Pratiques pour soutenir et diffuser des pratiques innovantes : structurer et animer une innovation organisationnelle : le cas du champ de la santé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0008.
Full textOur research questions the diffusion of innovative practices in a pluri-institutionalized and pluralistic health field. Our theoretical framework addresses the diffusion of innovative practices between different places of activity supported by an organizational innovation: the Practice Creative Network (PCN). The PCN is based on two concepts: the "network of practice" potentially favorable to the diffusion of practices and the "creative collectives" to ensure its management in the face of two tensions (exploitation versus exploration and generalization versus contextualization). Our methodological approach is based on two longitudinal case studies: a Regional Health Agency (RHA) and a National Collective of MAIA pilots (MAIA Collective). The qualitative methodology is based on semi-directive interviews, observations and secondary data. Our two case studies show how a PCN emerges and self-organizes with regard to two characteristics: its structuring and its management. These two cases show an unstable situation of creative collectives oriented by the policy of an Upperground (RHA) or the expertise of an Underground (MAIA Collective). However, this imbalance tends to be reduced thanks to recent efforts to raise visibility and justification. This model of analysis leads us to make a critical reading of the organizational and managerial mix of the PCNs studied and discuss the three corrective mechanisms (a complementary embeddedness of justification, a dual structure, a dual actorhood) that are necessary to compensate for their strong roots in one of the other two layers (Upperground or Underground)
Jolly, Charlotte. "La théorisation des innovations au sein de la méta-organisation expérimentale et créative (MOEC) : étude de cas dans le champ de la santé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1080.
Full textFor several years the health system experiencing significant changes, including how to "take care". The originality of the research is to analyze the theory of processes through the prism of social innovation in a favorable space to innovation, which is a specific organized form: the Meta-Organization Experimental and Creative (MOEC). The theorizing process is few studied and the research objectives are to enrich the literature of theoretical and empirical contributions. In this sense, this research work is to show the importance of theorizing in the institutionalization of innovation and the role of MOEC to initiate and support innovation. The research focuses on innovations developed by a plurality of actors from the field of health (health and medico-social), which gather in an open space (Shared space of public health), initiated by University Hospital of Nice. The research work is divided into four parts. The first part presents theoretical framework and links the three research subjects, "theorizing", "social innovation" and a "space for innovation : Meta-organization". They are well structured : how theorizing initiates and supports innovations in an experimental meta-organization and creative ? The second part presents the search field and the methodology used, including the epistemological choices. Given the research question, the focus is placed on three innovations developed by the EPSP : the project "Health sports seniors Saint-Roch" (4S), the "30 recommendations for retirements homes of the 21st century” and the “Center support social health (C3S)”. The third part presents the analysis of results from our different observations
Hequet, Delphine. "Evaluation globale de la prise en charge des patientes présentant un cancer du sein opérable d’emblée : analyse médico-économique des parcours de soins, audit de qualité des soins, évaluation de la satisfaction des patientes et impact des nouvelles technologies dans les décisions thérapeutiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS010.
Full textBreast cancer is a frequent but heterogeneous disease. Therefore, there are multiple clinical pathways, of which the optimization is one of the objectives of the 3rd Plan Cancer. Three dimensions of the clinical pathways were analyzed through 2 multicenter prospective studies: quality, cost and psychosocial impact. Efficiency levers have been identified: to promote screening for breast cancer, to mimic the organization of comprehensive cancer centers, to better target patients benefiting from adjuvant chemotherapy by accessing tools innovations such as genomic tests. In a 3rd prospective study, the adjuvant chemotherapy decision was modified in 18% of the cases. Genomics enters routine in oncology. Clinicians must understand this discipline. The last part of this thesis reports the work carried out in genomics in breast cancer, at the stage of research on a gene coding for a protein with methyltransferase activity, PRDM15, promising in triple-negative breast cancers expressing androgen receptors
Freitas, Maria Imaculada de Fátima. "Des discours et des actes dans l'innovation socio-médicale au Brésil : analyse des enjeux institutionnels et stratégiques dans la participation de l'université fédérale de Minas Gerais à cette innovation." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR21004.
Full textIn the 70's, the colleges of health in Brazilian universities have developed various actions in the area of primary health care - in doing so, they got involved in the health system with the aim to contribute to the prestations of the population. At the same time, the training of medical and paramedical staff became more relevant. This collaboration rapidly turned out into terms of conflict or of solidarity opposing or uniting institutions and protagonists. These confrontations led to a marginalization of groups defending a social medicine while allowing the creation of a field for political struggles aiming to transform the health system. In this field, two trends appeared : firstly the strength of the contest of each institution, and secondly, the strategic stakes of the protagonists whose personal, professional or ideological interests played a fundamental role either directly or indirectly in contributing to make people with no means of support benefit from primary health care. This sphere of activity materialized through plans of comminatory actions in which the University of Minas Gerais had a long experience. A research on this university has shown that even if concepts in socio-medicine have remained peripheral in the institutional, they have nevertheless led to the creation of institutional networks composed of peripheral protagonists who, by defending these concepts, have set up a new power which helped to the field
Nguyen, Manh-Hung. "An "economies of worth" perspective of a management innovation adoption process in an organization." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR084/document.
Full textSince the first industrial revolution, “innovation” has been mentioned in numerous occasions. This term has often been associated with "technological innovation". Recently, a new type of innovation, management innovation, and its adoption process have been at the heart of attention. In numerous studies on organizational innovations, technological innovation is still a dominant subject and there is a need to go outside the limit of technological innovation studies. Diversified topics on management innovations have been studied, showing a particular attraction of this subject for scholars in this field. Management innovation processes have carefully been explored, in particular the generation, diffusion and adoption processes (with or without adaptation). However, the studies on management innovation adoption seem to be neglected. In addition, the mutual adaptation between management innovations and adopting organizations also need to be studied. In a more concrete way, it is essential to study the tension that can appear when introducing a management innovation into an organization as well as the mutual pressure between them during the adoption process. Nonetheless, the empirical studies on this issue still remain deficient. Consequently, we focus on the adoption processes of a management innovation and the tensions between this management innovation and its adopting organization during the adoption process. Every management innovation comprises a management philosophy while every organization pertains to certain representations. Consequently, the potential tensions during the adoption process can be viewed as the imperfect harmony between the management innovation philosophy and the dominant representations within the “host” organization. Hence, three important sub-questions emerge: (1) how to identify the management innovation philosophy and the organizational representations, (2) how to explain their agreements/disagreements of values during the adoption process and (3) how to avoid potential disagreements that can interrupt this process
Vinçotte, Edouard. "Serious Games, une analyse par les scripts de coproduction de service. Le cas des activités de soins dans les hôpitaux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED081.
Full textService co-production is an essential aspect of service production theories, even more with the advent of mass customization and the notion of customer as a partial employee. One of the tools that allows organizations to influence the co-production of services are the scripts and more specifically the service’s scripts. Some of the researches carried out in the field of co-production of service focus on the client’s training so that the organization knows what it can expect from him and vice versa. This research is particularly carried out in the health sector and the co-production of care. Among the tools available to the organizations, we focus on the serious games, which are video games for informative and pedagogical purposes. Our work questions the properties and the contexts in which serious games can be vehicles for the scripts of care to the patients, before and during their nursing and treatment.To do so, we offer a comprehensive script-based analysis grid to show how serious games can translate and encapsulate managerial goals based on the study and analysis of 4 cases each representing a specific aspect of co-production of care
Toubon, Hector. "Le rôle de l'innovation médicale dans la croissance macro-économique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED045.
Full textThis thesis aims to highlight the determinants of medical innovation and its impact on economic growth. It is based on building a database of spending and consumption of health goods and services between 1980 and 2010, and also on three theoretical models. Established results for cohorts born between 1923 and 2010 show that medical innovations are mainly determined by demographic changes. Moreover, even if these medical innovations have historically allowed the emergence of significant economies of scale, they do not currently play a leading role in macro-economic growth. Indeed, in the current conditions of stability of the survival curves, the mechanics of medical innovation does not appear as a driving force for macroeconomic growth short term. The multiplier effects of medical innovation on economic growth would be, on the short-term, negative or zero
Benyahia, Nesrine. "Le droit de l'imagerie médicale et ses enjeux de santé publique : étude comparative France, Angleterre, Allemagne et Québec." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB173.
Full textMedical imaging is a care activity at the crossroads of all medical specialties. It has become a primary care activity at the heart of the diagnosis and treatment of many pathologies in oncology, neurology and cardiology, for instance. Its essential role in the care path of the patient is the result of the important development of the technologies, but also of the clinical indications. The framing of medical imaging in the French healthcare system remains nevertheless unclear and bordered by legal and economic constraints. This legal and economic uncertainty is an obstacle to the effective access to medical imaging technology for patients through, in particular, an exacerbated control of equipment installations and a disorganized acts pricing procedure. Furthermore, the lack of medico-economic evaluations delays the implementation of innovations and even creates risks to the safety and quality of the imaging tests performed
Giusti, Igor. "Changer d’angle de vue pour concevoir autrement l’action publique ? Le cas des déserts médicaux au prisme des parcours de soins." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM054.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the concept of medical desert. Despite widespread use of the word by the media and political representatives, identifying medical deserts is far from easy for public authorities. Spotting inequalities in access to health services requires to identify users’ needs wherever they live. However, health needs are individualized. Besides, an individual does not fully know his needs. We must therefore understand how public authorities themselves appreciate this object and how they design actions accordingly to regulate care access. This is our purpose in this dissertation. We led an action research with the Regional Health Agency of Corsica in order to analyze how public actions are designed to regulate care access inequalities. We show in particular how the care pathway approach can highlight the diversity of inequalities in a medical desert thanks to a more global modeling of health needs. Fighting medical deserts is no longer limited to guaranteeing the presence of health professionals locally. It also relies on ensuring equality between citizens in the continuity of their care pathway. Yet, territories and individuals specificities suggest a strong heterogeneity between these pathways, which is difficult to manage at a national level. We then evaluate feasibility of a bottom-up innovative public action to reduce inequalities in care access. Through a slow, fragile and complex process, local actions can still address territorial specificities without ignoring a national regulatory and institutional framework. However, multiplying these proximity experiments requires new national-level criteria to select and rank projects. Hence, we recommend methods often used to manage the exploration of the unknown
Raïs, Ali Setti. "Diagnostic and therapeutic odyssey : essays in health economics." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E019/document.
Full textThis dissertation emphasizes the challenges raised by the management of rare diseases and is structured around three key actors of the diagnostic and therapeutic “odyssey” of patients with rare diseases. Part I is devoted to patients and their social networks. Chapter 1 considers demand-side sources of delay in receiving a diagnosis; Chapter 2 explores the health spillover effects from patients’ health to their direct support structure. Part II considers pharmaceutical firms and examines how firms’ decisions to allocate R&D investment to rare diseases are impacted by innovation policies in rare arenas. Chapter 3 evaluates the causal impact of the EU Orphan Drug policy on R&D efforts in orphan drugs, while Chapter 4 investigates the inequality in allocation of R&D investment within rare diseases. Part III focuses on policymakers and addresses the issues in measuring pharmaceutical innovation benefits along with costs in rare disease arenas, while considering the opportunity cost of healthcare expenditures. Chapter 5 measures the causal impact of pharmaceutical innovation in rare diseases on longevity, while Chapter 6 is a critical discussion of decision-making tools for rational allocation of healthcare resources, and the use of a cost-effectiveness threshold
Ostapchuk, Mariia. "Determinants of market uptake of innovation in a situation of uncertainty about environmental and health risks : From BPA to nanotechnology." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED058/document.
Full textUncertainty is immanent in every innovation. Uncertainty about environmental and health risks that surround nanotechnology raises the questions of innovation success. Due in part to a lack of consistent data, there is limited empirical literature on determinants of the diffusion of nanotechnology. As part of a research program on nanotechnology, this research aims to investigate determinants of uptake of innovation in a situation of uncertainty about environmental and health risks. With this goal, as a first step, this work seeks to provide better understanding of the diffusion of a product that has been on the market for a long time. We have chosen a chemical, bisphenol A (BPA), because of the lack of historical data on nanomaterials. As a second step, we compare the results of the BPA study to nanosilver. We apply different econometric methods to gain insights into the relationship between consumption, economic growth, new scientific knowledge about risk and other variables using the data on BPA. The results illustrate a set of factors that influences the consumption of BPA at international level. The comparative study between BPA and nanosilver helps to refine the interpretation of main results and to obtain additional insights into the determinants of uptake of nanosilver. An explanatory analysis sheds light on the actions that different stakeholders undertake in response to new scientific knowledge about risk and deepens our understanding of “nanoresponsible development”.Keywords: Innovation, diffusion of innovation, product life cycle, nanotechnology, bisphenol A, risk, uncertainty, environment, health, precautionary principle, Safer by Design, responsible development
Graber, Nils. "La vacuna, une innovation cubaine : immunothérapie du cancer, essais cliniques et soins primaires aux marges de la globalisation." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0122.
Full textSince its emergence in the 1980s, the Cuban biotechnology industry has developed pharmaceuticals designed to both export and integration into the national health system. Among innovative projects, cancer immunotherapy stands as one of the main areas. This domain of cancer therapy attempts to act upon immunological mechanisms to destroy or contain the tumour. Since 2010, some of these treatments have been made accessible for a wide-spread use in the country through the implementation of clinical trials expanded to primary health centres, called polyclinics, where notably general practitioners are working. The aim of this intervention is to transform (advanced) cancer into a chronic disease. It is an unprecedented intervention. At the international level, where immunotherapy also stands as a cutting-edge oncology treatment, these new drugs are only available at the hospital level, and wide access is threatened due to high prices. Combining ethnography with the study of collaborative networks, this work explores the innovation process in the development of cancer immunotherapy in Cuba, in its attempts to conciliate industrial policies and public health goals. The use of the local term vacuna is part of an examination of epistemic specificity as well as of the multiple understanding of cancer immunotherapy among industrial researchers, oncologists and primary healthcare professionals. The vacuna is taking shape through practices embedded within public institutions, which attempt to constantly conciliate conflicting dimensions, between economic and public health goals, biomedicine and primary care, respect of global norms and attention to local particularities, which is a source of multiple and modular innovations, likely to circulate among both global South and global North
Brureau, Laurent. "Cancer de la prostate en Guadeloupe : Facteurs de risque génétique et environnementaux de survenue et de récidive après prostatectomie radicale." Thesis, Antilles, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANTI0018/document.
Full textProstate cancer is the most common tumor pathology in West Indies. Our study aims to study risk factors of occurrence and recurrence.To carry out this study, we used the patients included in the case-control study called Karuprostate and a cohort of patients after radical prostatectomy.The main results and conclusions of my work are:a) The study of genetic factors related to the metabolism of xenobiotics and the risk of prostate cancer occurrence in Guadeloupe. The exact number (CNV) gene encoding the glutathione S transferases GSTT1 and GSTM1 were determined in 629 incident cases of prostate cancer and 622 controls. Men having 2, 3 or more copies of GSTT1 have a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer. Similarly men with 3, 4, 5 or more copies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 combined have an increased risk of disease occurrence.b) The study of genetic factors related to estrogen metabolism and the risk of prostate cancer occurrence in Guadeloupe. Five polymorphisms (SNP 3 on CYP17, CYP1B1 and COMT as well as size and UGT1A1 polymorphisms on CYP19) were studied and compared in 498 incident cases and 565 controls. Individuals with the AA genotype COMT have a significantly decreased risk of prostate cancer occurrence. No significant association was found with other studied polymorphisms. A study of 150 incident cases of prostate cancer and 150 controls from a population of Congo-Zaire was the subject of these same genotyping, with the same results.c) The influence of environmental exposure to persistent pollutants with hormonal properties of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. The plasma concentrations of chlordecone, DDE (the main metabolite of DDT) and PCBs were measured in 340 subjects with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy. The exhibition (preoperative) to chlordecone was found associated with a significant increased risk of biochemical recurrence. Conversely, the increasing concentrations of DDE were found associated with a significantly decreased risk of biochemical recurrence. No association was found between exposure to PCB153 and recurrence of the disease.d) The clinical and histological risk factors of recurrence of prostate cancer were studied in 964 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy with a médian follow-up of 4.8 years. Diabetes, PSA, advanced clinical stage, high Gleason score, a high percentage of prostate biopsy, advanced pathological stage, the presence of positive margins are predictors of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.Our results show that the occurrence and recurrence of prostate cancer are Under influence of genetic and environmental factors. The specific genetic and environmental context in Guadeloupe may partly explain the high incidence of prostate cancer.In addition, further work will incorporate other genes in the future. The next ambitious project is the creation of a prospective cohort of all patients with all prostate cancer stages
Pierre, Lucie. "Promouvoir la qualité de vie au travail, l'innovation et la performance au travail des cadres hospitaliers : la proactivité au travail, une nouvelle ressource ?" Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0441.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse the relationship between hospital middle managers‟ proactivity at work, quality of work life, innovative behaviour, and job performance. First, literature on the concept of proactivity is reviewed. Next, three empirical studies are conducted. Study 1 analyses the role of job characteristics and the role of cognitive motivational states in the activation of proactive work behaviour. Then, the effects of proactive work behaviour on job performance and on innovative work behaviour are analysed. Results from this study highlight the existence of a double mediation between job characteristics and innovative behaviour as well as job performance through psychological empowerment and proactive work behaviour. Study 2 examines the role of cognitive motivational states in the activation of proactive work behaviour. Then, the effects of proactive work behaviour on indicators of quality of work life (QWL) and indicators of job effectiveness after a period of six months are analysed. The results of this study show no relationship between proactive work behaviour and QWL indicators and job performance after six months, but the findings reveal the existence of a positive relationship between proactive behaviour at work and innovative behaviour after a period of six months. Furthermore, the results also indicate the existence of an indirect effect between cognitive motivational states (i.e., feeling capable, positive emotions) and innovative work behaviour through proactive work behaviour. Study 3 investigates the relationship between proactive work behaviour and QWL. Results suggest that feeling capable contributes to activate proactive work behaviour, which in turn has positive effects on QWL indicators. The mediating role of proactive work behaviour in the relationship between feeling capable and affective organizational commitment is also highlighted. A final complementary study proposes and shows that high-quality leader–member exchange as moderator strengthens the relationship between proactive work behaviour and affective organizational commitment. Results from these studies help to clarify the role of cognitive motivational processes in the activation of proactive work behaviour and contribute to reflection on the relationship between proactive work behaviour, QWL, innovative work behaviour, and job performance of hospital middle managers
Frioux, Stéphane. "Les réseaux de la modernité : amélioration de l'environnement et diffusion de l'innovation dans la France urbaine (fin XIXe siècle - années 1950)." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00447952.
Full textIsmail, Imad. "Evaluation of the socio-economic impact of innovative hydrid surgical techniques : methodological developments and application to the IHU Strasbourg." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAB009/document.
Full textWith constant rises in healthcare expenditures, the creation and use of innovative technologies in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is increasingly dependent on our ability to demonstrate their efficiency and evaluate their impacts. To date, as we show throughout this thesis, the economic literature has not provided decision makers and analysts with the adequate tools to perform such evaluations.Our work combines the best aspects of health economics and economics of innovation to establish a common methodological framework for the evaluation of hybrid innovations in MIS. Using the Institute of Image Guided Surgery (IHU Strasbourg) as a base for our investigations, we create the groundwork for a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation covering the institute’s patient care and R\&D activities.The use of the tools developed in this thesis will allow the IHU, or any other surgical institute, to provide advocacy for these types of activities by demonstrating that the socio-economic impacts of a surgical innovation can possibly outweigh the additional cost it incurs to the healthcare system
Bellagamba, Gauthier. "Qualité de vie au travail et environnement organisationnel : études qualitatives et quantitatives sur les personnels en établissement de santé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5028/document.
Full textAIM. These researches examined the association between quality of work life (QoWL) and organizational factors within health care workers. METHOD. Two studies by questionnaires and two studies by semi-structured interviews were conducted. Studies by questionnaires explored the professional psychosocial characteristics (JCQ), quality of life (SF-12) and psycho-organizational constraints (NWI-EO). The interviews focused on the work organization, the work environment, the interpersonal relationships and the influence of work on health. RESULTS. A total of 452 professionals participated in the studies by questionnaires and 36 professionals were interviewed. Professionals who lived a department relocation have presented an increase of job strain associated with social isolation and declared greater constraints concerning the lack of communication as well as team relationships. In our population, the other main factors associated with the degradation of psychosocial characteristics and quality of life are to work more than two weekends a month, to be regularly on call, to work in non-functional environments and to do not participate in regular meetings. CONCLUSION. These results call the hospital management to design more appropriate communication processes, to provide a good balance between professional and personal life as well as an ergonomic and functional environment
El, Ansari Loridan Nazha. "Décider en situation d’urgence nocturne en EHPAD (Etablissement d'Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes) : Étude d’une innovation expérimentale d’infirmier.es de nuit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILA024.
Full textThis thesis studies how night-shift nurses decide whether or not to resort to the hospital to deal with geriatric emergency cases in a nursing home. Clinical reasoning and decision-making among nurses are rarely documented. The “IDE de nuit” experimentation of Paerpa's projects offered the opportunity to study them through the prism of age and uncertainty in the context of an emergency. It also made it possible to study the organizational test that such an innovation constitutes. Through an interactionist and socio-cognitive approach and based on an ethnographic investigation lasting three years, we captured in situ nurses' reasoning and judgment while dealing with emergency cases in an experimental context. This research sheds light on several aspects: how care is mobilized in the service of the cure; how the emergency constitutes a social construction, which is influenced by the role played by the elderly patient and his caregivers; how the skills that drive innovation are developed and conditioned by the irreversibility of the actions and their results; how and when an organizational innovation begins and ends in an experimental context; finally, how all these elements contribute to defining the moral economy that has been made up and created around elderly people living in EHPADs, targets of this innovation.Keywords: geriatric emergency, decision-making, organizational innovation, IDE de nuit, experimentation, paerpa, le 15, SAMU, hospital, nursing assistants, EHPAD
Pelletier-Fleury, Nathalie. "Analyse économique et évaluation de la diffusion des innovations en télémédecine." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T063.
Full text@Economie analysis and evaluation of the diffusion of innovations in telemedicine : The situation of telemedicine is paradoxical. The application of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in medical practice has been discussed since the 1 970s, though their actual use has never become routine. This is despite the fact that medicine is traditionally an innovative field, and that it is commonly stated that tele-consultation, tele expertise and tele-surveillance could even respond to the major problems relating to the management of health care systems, allowing for provision of health care which i s at least as good as present care, but at a lower cost (Chapter I). The use of new instruments is likely to bri ng about major organisational transformations in medical practice. Analysing these, on the basis of the economies of transaction costs, while taking into account the technical context (the absence of standards), as well as present institutional arrangements (relating to problems of medical responsibility), helps explain the organisational dimension of this paradox. Indeed, for tele-medicine to be adopted new modes of health-care organisation have to be defined that are grounded on greater integration, and especially on the formulation of original contractual procedures, such as the creation of health-care networks. (Chapter II). However, unless health care producers can agree on new forms of cooperation, then the efficiency of new practices, which the implementation of tele-medicine is supposed to bring about, remains to be shown. Using the example of tele-surveillance in the diagnosis of apnea sleep syndrome, this thesis sets out to examine the methodological problems arising from the technical and economie evaluation of ITCs, which are still within an experimental context. Subsequently the thesis attempts to provide some insights into the solutions to these problems (Chapter III)
Chitescu, Liliana Cristina. "Simulation en ergonomie : facteur d'innovation dans la conception de produits : application à la conception de systèmes de travail." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_CHITESCU_L_C.pdf.
Full textThis research is positioned in the Industrial Engineering field and it is dealing with the human factor integration in the design process of products and associated work systems. Using the knowledge, methods and specific tools of two disciplines (Engineering Science and Social and Human Science), the research proposes a human-centered design methodology that is allowing a better “Ergonomics Analyse – Products Design” articulation, from the very beginning to last stage of process. At the heart of this methodology there is a numerical simulation method of Gestural and Posturales Activities of Human that is possible with the support of the numerical mannequins which are the 3D human models. So, this method and the MANERCOS associated tool permit us to propose a new way to design and re-design the products/work systems which allows the innovation by a better consideration of the human characteristics: anthropometrical, biomechanical etc… By the application to the work systems design, we show particularly how the proposed methodology allows to detect and to estimate some of the risk factors of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) resulting from the working conditions, the tools and workplaces design etc. , and how to contribute in this case to the prevention of the professional diseases in constant increase for several years. More specific, the proposed methodology bring together all the actors of design process to define, to test, to estimate and to validate the numerical mock-ups of future work systems, adapted to the future operators, in terms of health, safety, comfort and efficiency at work. So we reveal capacities and the effectiveness of the MANERCOS tool, but we also show the way to evolve it in order to make better the "ergonomist - designer" cooperation within the design process. Particularly, the new features brought to this numerical mannequin, coupled at a measure tool of movements and efforts (CAPTIV tool) and associated in prospect at a virtual reality platform, will permit a better evaluation and prediction of the risks of Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD), by taking into account the Gestural and Posturales Activities
Coudeville, Laurent. "Diffusion de l'innovation technologique en santé : une application au cas de la vaccination contre la rougeole." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10188.
Full textLellinger, Solène. "Innovation thérapeutique et accident médicamenteux : socio-genèse du scandale du benfluorex (Mediator®) et conditions de reconnaissance d'une pathologie émergente : les valvulopathies médicamenteuses." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG054/document.
Full textThe withdrawal of Mediator®, a drug sold by Laboratoires Servier between 1976 and 2009, occurred after specific pathologies of cardiac valves were identified: the drug induced valvular heart disease. Since then, the incident has been approached from the angle of health and medical scandal, regulation failure and the influence of an industrial company on decision makers (political figures or prescribers). A legal procedure to establish probable violations of criminal laws is under way. To understand the origins and consequences of the benfluorex affair - beyond the fields of legal and political jurisdiction - this thesis proposes an analysis of the process of non-recognition of a serious adverse side effect of a drug for over 30 years and, above all, the effects of this non-recognition on those directly concerned: the people having taken it. Using data from two separate surveys, one of Mediator® users and the other of French cardiologists, this study establishes six different theoretical and analytical "figures" of people exposed to the molecule at the center of the investigation
Gning, Fatima. "Construction d’une usine pharmaceutique : impératifs réglementaires, sécuritaires et de rentabilité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ASSA0078.
Full textThe pharmaceutical industry is continually confronted with major changes that constantly redefine the balance between the protection of public health and the economic development strategies of pharmaceutical companies. The drug market is the terrain of major economic challenges for France and increasing its global market share remains a major concern. The achievement of this objective seems to be done around a first axis relating to the development of genetic engineering. The second axis concerns the construction of new production plants on a national and international scale in order to increase its production capacities. However, the construction of new pharmaceutical factories intended to design, manufacture and then market drugs for human use is proving difficult due to the combination of pharmaceutical law, an esoteric matter by nature, and construction law, which abounds in subjects that are eminently techniques. Added to this is its purpose, which is to ensure and preserve the health of the patient throughout the life cycle of the drug, to innovate, to increase production capacities, while meeting the highest manufacturing standards. Such an initiative is all the more daring in a geopolitical context strongly weakened by the 2020 pandemic and then the Russo-Ukrainian conflict which exacerbated the shortage and the extension of supply times for many raw materials, caused a historic increase their cost and, in fact, the overall cost of carrying out construction projects
Bergamin, Márcia Cristina. "Da penúria ao sucesso econômico: o processo de formação e desenvolvimento territorial de Santa Maria de Jetibá no Espírito Santo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-22082016-133354/.
Full textThese thesis approach the process of territorial formation and grow of Santa Maria De Jetiba a town in the State of Espirito Santo. Hence the goal is to understand the process of transformation of Santa Maria de Jetiba from a long period of hardship to the recently farmers economic grow. Producing food, the town conquer a high value of agriculture in the State and stands out as a second major on eggs production, also producing organic food and vegetables in the State. The identification of material and non-material elements, it was crucial for the process formation of the territory and transformation, explaining the economic growth. The fieldwork it was organized in to two parts. The fist part taking reference on the working process by Marx,and alterations as a result of the technology introduction, with elaboration of interview to farmers family members and non family members also to poultry farmers.The second part was to understand about the structure of the major economic activities, representatives of institutions related to the thesis goal. It was identified the ethical work dimension of the pomeranos and descendants, always demonstrating severe work discipline that made them standout from others european imigrants. That ethic it was a quality, despite the fact that they did not have land access and for not having a nation represented. The migration to this territory it was a possibility of economic grow through work. In addition the poultry farmers experience for commercial activities, contributed with a structure for a production chain and high level of verticality given a competitive character to the activities. Even without a favorable production context. For instance some material elements should be consider: road construction connecting Santa Maria De Jetiba to consumers majors centers ,implantation and extending of power lines in rural district are key conditions for production and agriculture, credit availability, components and modern production, constant technology evolution, innovation in agriculture, increasing productivity and decreasing production time, growth of consumers as a result from the State industrialization and urbanization, the open market that brings innovations to the automation in poultry laying, favorable natural conditions for vegetables and eggs production, close to major consumers centers. It was possible to noted the difference in technology from poultry laying and conventional vegetables and organics production. The fist constitute only by one product, the technical innovations eliminates natural barriers. On the second, because of variety of cultures, natural barriers still present. Therefore, in poultry laying the farms are predominantly bigger, the workers get paid a fixed amount of money monthly, in vegetables production the farms are smaller and the work are made by the family.
Jego, Maéva. "Améliorer la santé des personnes sans chez-soi : vers quelles innovations organisationnelles en soins primaires ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0211/document.
Full textAim: to identify new forms of organization and adaptations to develop in primary care to improve the care of Homeless People (HP).Method: research by mixed methods. In the first phase we explored the views of general practitioners (GPs) about how they can provide care to HP. In the second phase we led a literature review, to describe the main characteristics of the primary care programs that take care of homeless people, and to identify which could be most relevant. In the third phase, we explored the experience and views of HP about primary care.Results: GPs expressed the need to develop medical and psychosocial approach with closer relation with social workers. In the litterature, almost all homelessness programs developed a multidisciplinary approach and / or offered co-located mental health, physical health and social services. Some characteristics were associated with significant positive outcomes: tailored primary care organizations, clinic orientation, multidisciplinary team-based models which included primary care physicians and clinic nurses, integration of social support, and engagement in the community’s health. The interviews with HP showed central relational expectations of HP for their general practitioner. More than a medical response, they expected to be listened to, considered and understood.Conclusion: Primary care programs that wish to better care for HP should develop a multidisciplinary, medico-psycho-social approach. The patient-centered approach appears warranted to improve the care experience of these patients
Danan, Jeanne-Laure. "Santé, éthique et développement durable : place de la recherche en sciences infirmières." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0125.
Full textHealth systems in France and in the world are in tension. The determinants of those pressures are linked to demography, economy and care organization Chronic non-infectious diseases are on the rising. Allergic disease alone respect 25% of individuals in France (15 million people). In Europe, 100 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis and 70 million suffer from asthma. By 2020, it is 40% of the world population will be suffering from an allergic disease. The declaration of RIO, founding text of sustainable development, puts health as a major concern. It is necessary to think of new management models, new training and distribution of different skills from new business perimeters for health caregivers. The primary objective of this research is to identify: innovative models of health in a systematic multidisciplinary vision and ethics of care. .the Secondary objective is to define the concept of innovative practices in health in the French health system, clarify the regulatory framework for innovative practices, identify training needs, qualification of new businesses and new tools and finally review the adequacy of generational training for health science students. The method used is a review of the literature on sustainable development, environmental medicine, training of health professionals. The confrontation with the regulatory framework of practice nurse at the nursing of advanced nursing practices is made. The study design is the allergy disease. An online survey assessed the level of skills, training and policy of nurses in Europe. This study was conducted in collaboration with the European department of Haute Ecole de Namur, the University of Nottingham, and High School of Health of Freiburg, University of Porto, and School of Advanced Studies in Public Health in Rennes. This survey identifies five high levels of expertise that are 5 skills training according to Dublin descriptors for advanced practice nurses. A master level training program for APRN in allergy practice is developed Finally four steps of innovation were identified: management, ownership, widespread practice and absorption by the system.The results highlight that innovation is a deliberate process requiring practice by introducing new pedagogical, organizational and e-Health .Changing nurse’s diagnosis decision and support tools are highlighted. The nursing diagnosis on individual adaptation to environment is also considered. Eventually, two main recommendations are presented, firstly to develop training program according to the new French law in France, and secondly to considered the social determinants of the students in health science to make those training