Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sans linker

Academic literature on the topic 'Sans linker'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Sans linker":

1

Cretu, Carmen, Roxana Nicola, Sorin-Alin Marinescu, Elena-Mirela Picioruș, Mariana Suba, Corina Duda-Seiman, Adel Len, Levente Illés, Zsolt Endre Horváth, and Ana-Maria Putz. "Performance of Zr-Based Metal–Organic Framework Materials as In Vitro Systems for the Oral Delivery of Captopril and Ibuprofen." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (September 9, 2023): 13887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813887.

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Zr-based metal–organic framework materials (Zr-MOFs) with increased specific surface area and pore volume were obtained using chemical (two materials, Zr-MOF1 and Zr-MOF3) and solvothermal (Zr-MOF2) synthesis methods and investigated via FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, SANS, PXRD, and SEM methods. The difference between Zr-MOF1 and Zr-MOF3 lies in the addition of reactants during synthesis. Nitrogen porosimetry data indicated the presence of pores with average dimensions of ~4 nm; using SANS, the average size of the Zr-MOF nanocrystals was suggested to be approximately 30 nm. The patterns obtained through PXRD were characterized by similar features that point to well-crystallized phases specific for the UIO-66 type materials; SEM also revealed that the materials were composed of small and agglomerate crystals. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that both materials had approximately two linker deficiencies per Zr6 formula unit. Captopril and ibuprofen loading and release experiments in different buffered solutions were performed using the obtained Zr-based metal–organic frameworks as drug carriers envisaged for controlled drug release. The carriers demonstrated enhanced drug-loading capacity and showed relatively good results in drug delivery. The cumulative percentage of drug release in phosphate-buffered solution at pH 7.4 was higher than that in buffered solution at pH 1.2. The release rate could be controlled by changing the pH of the releasing solution. Different captopril release behaviors were observed when the experiments were performed using a permeable dialysis membrane.
2

Borzacchiello, Assunta, Luisa Russo, Birgitte M. Malle, Khadija Schwach-Abdellaoui, and Luigi Ambrosio. "Hyaluronic Acid Based Hydrogels for Regenerative Medicine Applications." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/871218.

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Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels, obtained by cross-linking HA molecules with divinyl sulfone (DVS) based on a simple, reproducible, and safe process that does not employ any organic solvents, were developed. Owing to an innovative preparation method the resulting homogeneous hydrogels do not contain any detectable residual cross-linking agent and are easier to inject through a fine needle. HA hydrogels were characterized in terms of degradation and biological properties, viscoelasticity, injectability, and network structural parameters. They exhibit a rheological behaviour typical of strong gels and show improved viscoelastic properties by increasing HA concentration and decreasing HA/DVS weight ratio. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that processes such as sterilization and extrusion through clinical needles do not imply significant alteration of viscoelastic properties. Both SANS and rheological tests indicated that the cross-links appear to compact the network, resulting in a reduction of the mesh size by increasing the cross-linker amount. In vitro degradation tests of the HA hydrogels demonstrated that these new hydrogels show a good stability against enzymatic degradation, which increases by increasing HA concentration and decreasing HA/DVS weight ratio. Finally, the hydrogels show a good biocompatibility confirmed by in vitro tests.
3

Macošek, Jakub, Bernd Simon, Johanna-Barbara Linse, Pravin Kumar Ankush Jagtap, Sophie L. Winter, Jaelle Foot, Karine Lapouge, et al. "Structure and dynamics of the quaternary hunchback mRNA translation repression complex." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 8866–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab635.

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Abstract A key regulatory process during Drosophila development is the localized suppression of the hunchback mRNA translation at the posterior, which gives rise to a hunchback gradient governing the formation of the anterior-posterior body axis. This suppression is achieved by a concerted action of Brain Tumour (Brat), Pumilio (Pum) and Nanos. Each protein is necessary for proper Drosophila development. The RNA contacts have been elucidated for the proteins individually in several atomic-resolution structures. However, the interplay of all three proteins during RNA suppression remains a long-standing open question. Here, we characterize the quaternary complex of the RNA-binding domains of Brat, Pum and Nanos with hunchback mRNA by combining NMR spectroscopy, SANS/SAXS, XL/MS with MD simulations and ITC assays. The quaternary hunchback mRNA suppression complex comprising the RNA binding domains is flexible with unoccupied nucleotides functioning as a flexible linker between the Brat and Pum-Nanos moieties of the complex. Moreover, the presence of the Pum-HD/Nanos-ZnF complex has no effect on the equilibrium RNA binding affinity of the Brat RNA binding domain. This is in accordance with previous studies, which showed that Brat can suppress mRNA independently and is distributed uniformly throughout the embryo.
4

Krishnan, Mohan Raj, and Edreese Housni Alsharaeh. "Polymer gel amended sandy soil with enhanced water storage and extended release capabilities for sustainable desert agriculture." Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering 6, no. 1 (November 7, 2023): 2892. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/jpse.v6i1.2892.

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Herein, we report a facile preparation of super-hydrophilic sand by coating the sand particles with cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels for enhanced water absorption and controlled water release aimed at desert agriculture. To prepare the sample, 4wt% of aqueous PAM solution is mixed with organic cross-linkers of hydroquinone (HQ) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) in 1:1 weight ratio and aqueous potassium chloride (KCl) solution. A specific amount of the above solution is added to the sand well mixed and subsequently cured at 150 °C for 8 h. The prepared super-hydrophilic sands were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) for chemical composition and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for successful polymer coating onto the sand. The water storage for the samples was studied by absorption kinetics at various temperature conditions and extended water release was studied by the water desorption kinetics. The water swelling ratio for the super-hydrophilic sand has reached a maximum of 900% (9 times its weight) at 80 °C within 1 h. The desorption kinetics of the samples showed that the water can be stored for up to a maximum of 3 days. Therefore, super-hydrophilic sand particles were successfully prepared by coating with PAM hydrogels with a great potential to be used in sustainable desert agriculture.
5

Maccarrone, S., H. Frielinghaus, J. Allgaier, D. Richter, and P. Lindner. "SANS Study of Polymer-Linked Droplets." Langmuir 23, no. 19 (September 2007): 9559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la7020353.

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6

Wolfe, Stephen A., Olav B. Lian, Christopher H. Hugenholtz, and Justine R. Riches. "Holocene eolian sand deposition linked to climatic variability, Northern Great Plains, Canada." Holocene 27, no. 4 (October 7, 2016): 579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683616670223.

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The Bigstick and Seward Sand Hills are possibly two of the oldest dune fields within the late Wisconsin glaciated regions of the Northern Great Plains. As with most Northern Great Plains dune fields, source sediments are former proglacial outwash sands. Thus, Holocene dune construction is primarily related to spatial–temporal variations in surface cover and transport capacity, rather than renewed sediment input. However, eolian landscape reconstructions on the Northern Great Plains have been temporally constrained to recent periods of activity, as older episodes of deposition are typically reworked by younger events. In this study, sediment cores from shallow lacustrine basins and interdune areas provide an improved record of Holocene eolian sand deposition. Eolian sand accumulation in the interdunes and basins occurred between 150 and 270 years ago, 1.9 and 3.0 ka, 5.4 and 8.6 ka, and prior to ca. 10.8 ka. These episodes of sand accumulation were bracketed by lacustrine deposition and soil formation, which represented wetter conditions. Other than mid-Holocene dune activity, which may be related to peak warmth and aridity, most periods of eolian sand accumulation coincided with cooler but drier climatic events such as the Younger Dryas, late-Holocene cooling prior to the Medieval Climatic Anomaly, and the ‘Little Ice Age’. These depositional episodes are also spatially represented by other dune fields in the region, providing a broad-scale view of the connections between past climatic events and eolian landscape evolution on the Northern Great Plains.
7

PRINZ, LINDA, TOM McCANN, ANDREAS SCHÄFER, SVEN ASMUS, and PETER LOKAY. "The geometry, distribution and development of sand bodies in the Miocene-age Frimmersdorf Seam (Garzweiler open-cast mine), Lower Rhine Basin, Germany: implications for seam exploitation." Geological Magazine 155, no. 3 (November 23, 2016): 685–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756816000960.

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AbstractThe Cenozoic-age Lower Rhine Basin is located in the NW part of the European Cenozoic Rift System. In Miocene times, a combination of warm climatic conditions and basin subsidence resulted in the deposition of up to 100m of lignite (i.e. Main Seam of the Ville Formation). The Main Seam can be subdivided into the Morken, Frimmersdorf and Garzweiler seams, separated by two intercalated transgressive sand units, namely the Frimmersdorf and Neurath sands, deposited in a shallow-marine, tide-dominated environment. The lignite seams of the Ville Formation are currently worked by RWE Power AG, in the Garzweiler II open-cast mine. In the Frimmersdorf Seam (between the Frimmersdorf Sand and the Neurath Sand), the presence of small-scale sand bodies, together with their variable dimensions, affects the industrial exploitation of the seam. Moreover, their irregular distribution complicates their precise and early recognition. Indeed, so-called barren lignite (≥ 17% of sand) and completely clean units can occur within a few metres of each other. Initial classification of these highly variable sand bodies suggests a variety of both pre- and post-depositional causal mechanisms, providing evidence of an extremely complex depositional and post-depositional system. Syn-depositional sand bodies were deposited in a swamp area that was located in the fluvial-dominated sub-environment of an extended tidal estuary. The post-depositional formation of sand bodies is related to the intrusion of fluidized sands from the underlying Frimmersdorf Sand. These sand injectites within the Frimmersdorf Seam are considered to be linked to seismic activity within the Lower Rhine Basin.
8

Colijn, Caroline, David JD Earn, Jonathan Dushoff, Nicholas H. Ogden, Michael Li, Natalie Knox, Gary Van Domselaar, Kristyn Franklin, Gordon Jolly, and Sarah P. Otto. "La nécessité d’une surveillance génomique liée du SRAS-CoV-2." Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada 48, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v48i04a03f.

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La surveillance génomique au cours de la pandémie de maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) a été essentielle pour repérer en temps utile les variants du virus ayant des conséquences importantes pour la santé publique, telles que les variants qui peuvent se transmettre et provoquer une maladie grave chez les personnes vaccinées ou guéries. L’émergence rapide du variant Omicron a mis en évidence la rapidité avec laquelle l’étendue d’une menace doit être évaluée. Le séquençage rapide et l’ouverture des institutions de santé publique au partage international des données de séquençage offrent une occasion sans précédent de le faire. Toutefois, l’évaluation des propriétés épidémiologiques et cliniques de tout nouveau variant reste un défi. Nous mettons ici en évidence un « groupe de quatre » sources de données clés qui peuvent aider à détecter les variants viraux qui menacent la gestion de la COVID-19 : 1) des données génétiques (séquence du virus), 2) des données épidémiologiques et géographiques, 3) des données cliniques et démographiques, et 4) des données sur la vaccination. Nous soulignons les avantages qui peuvent être obtenus en reliant les données de ces sources et en combinant les données de ces sources avec les données de séquences virales. Les défis considérables que représente la mise à disposition des données génomiques et les coupler avec les caractéristiques des virus et des patients doivent être comparés aux conséquences majeures de ne pas le faire, notamment si de nouveaux variants préoccupants apparaissent et se propagent sans être détectés et traités à temps.
9

Bobrowski, A., S. Żymankowska-Kumon, D. Drożyński, B. Grabowska, and K. Kaczmarska. "TG/DTG/DTA, FTIR and GC/MS Studies of Oil Sand for Artistic and Precision Foundry with the Emission of Gases Assessment." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0125.

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AbstractThe paper presents the results of thermoanalytical studies by TG/DTG/DTA, FTIR and GC/MS for the oil sand used in art and precision foundry. On the basis of course of DTG and DTA curves the characteristic temperature points for thermal effects accompanying the thermal decomposition reactions were determined. This results were linked with structural changes occurred in sample. It has been shown that the highest weight loss of the sample at temperatures of about 320°C is associated with destruction of C-H bonds (FTIR). In addition, a large volume of gases and high amounts of compounds from the BTEX group are generated when liquid metal interacts with oil sand. The results show, that compared to other molding sands used in foundry, this material is characterized by the highest gaseous emissions and the highest harmfulness, because benzene emissions per kilogram of oil sand are more than 7 times higher than molding sand with furan and phenolic binders and green sand with bentonite and lustrous carbon carrier.
10

Zeybek, Abdülhakim. "Experimental and Empirical Studies to Evaluate Liquefaction Resistance of Partially Saturated Sands." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010081.

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Partially saturated sands with occluded gas bubbles may occur naturally in the field or can be created artificially as a way of mitigating liquefaction effects. This study aimed to investigate the main parameters that influence the liquefaction resistance of partially saturated sands containing occluded gas bubbles. It also adopted a simplified approach and proposed empirical relationships that linked the liquefaction-resistance ratio to the bulk modulus, maximum volumetric strain, and excess pore-pressure ratio. Considering these objectives, a total of 60 stress-controlled dynamic triaxial tests were conducted. Nearly/fully saturated and partially saturated sand specimens prepared using sodium percarbonate were subjected to undrained cyclic loading with a loading frequency of 0.1 Hz. The loosely or densely packed sand specimens at different degrees of saturation (79–100%) were examined under different initial effective confining stresses (25–100 kPa) and back pressures (100–400 kPa). The analysis of the test results indicated that the liquefaction resistance of the partially saturated sands constantly increased as the degree of saturation decreased, and this effect was more prominent under higher initial effective confining stresses and lower back pressures. The adopted method satisfactorily captured this trend and showed reasonable matches between the empirical predictions and experimentally observed results from this study and previous research.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sans linker":

1

Turelli, Lorenzo. "Étude de nouveaux motifs d'espaceurs dans la construction de conjugués anticorps-médicaments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAF063.

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La classe des conjugués anticorps-médicaments (ADC) représente l'un des traitements à la croissance la plus rapide en oncologie, permettant l'utilisation de composés hautement cytotoxiques liés de manière covalente à un anticorps monoclonal (mAb) qui peut se fixer sélectivement à un antigène exprimé à la surface de la cellule cancéreuse, assurant ainsi la précision de cette thérapie. Le motif de liaison, qui relie le mAb au médicament, est essentiel pour contrôler la libération du médicament ainsi que pour la pharmacocinétique et la pharmacodynamique de l'ensemble du conjugué. Cependant, le développement d'un nouveau linker est un processus long et coûteux, dans lequel le motif idéal doit assurer à la fois la stabilité en circulation sanguine et une cinétique rapide dans la libération du médicament à l'intérieur de la cellule cancéreuse. Le travail décrit ici vise à répondre aux limitations présentes dans ce domaine de deux manières différentes : premièrement, en introduisant un nouveau linker clivable sensible à l'acide avec une excellente stabilité extracellulaire et une clivabilité sélective dans la cellule cancéreuse ; deuxièmement, en adoptant une approche sans linker, en introduisant un nouveau format d'ADC, appelé Self Drugged Antibody (SDA), dans lequel le médicament est construit sur le mAb par une réaction multicomposant Ugi
The class of Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) represents one of the most fast-growing treatments in oncology therapeutics, enabling the use of highly cytotoxic compounds covalently linked to a monoclonal antibody (mAb) which can selectively get attached to an antigen expressed on the surface of the cancer cell, assuring the precision of this therapy. The linker motif, connecting the mAb to the drug, is key to dictate the modality of the drug’s release as for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of the whole conjugate. However, the development of a novel linker is a costly and time-consuming process, in which the ideal motif has to assure both the stability in blood circulation and a fast kinetic in the release of the warhead inside the cancer cell. The work here described aims at addressing the limitations present in this field in two different ways: first by introducing a novel acid sensitive cleavable linker with excellent extracellular stability and selective cleavability in the cancer cell; secondly, embracing a linker-less approach, by introducing a new format of ADC, coined Self Drugged Antibody (SDA), in which the drug is built on the mAb through a Ugi multicomponent reaction
2

Berg, Joris van den. "Non-linear sand wave evolution." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/57884.

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3

Vereecke, Jean. "Vers une conception optimale des réservoirs composites sans liner pour le stockage cryogénique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0036.

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Dans un contexte de réduction de masse et de coûts des lanceurs spatiaux, la conception de réservoirs composites sans liner représente un enjeu technologique. Leur rapport masse/performance en fait un matériau à fort potentiel dans l'industrie aérospatiale mais leur perméabilité constitue un facteur limitant. En effet, la pressurisation du réservoir et les températures cryogéniques des ergols génèrent des endommagements microscopiques qui coalescent et peuvent former des chemins de fuite. Il existe donc une relation forte entre l’endommagement du stratifié composite et sa perméabilité.Une stratégie de développement d’un modèle prédictif de perméabilité est proposée. Elle repose sur un dialogue entre la caractérisation du comportement élastique-endommageable du pli et la simulation réalisée à partir de la mécanique de la rupture incrémentale (ou Finite Fracture Mechanics – FFM). L’approche est validée expérimentalement puis, par le biais d'une méthode d'homogénéisation, le modèle est transposé à l’échelle supérieure, adaptée cette fois à une utilisation en bureau d’études. Il permet d'évaluer l'état d'endommagement de chaque pli en fonction du chargement thermomécanique. Enfin, la confrontation expérimentale du modèle nous permet d’identifier les paramètres clés pilotant la perméabilité et d’établir le domaine de validité des prédictions
In a context of mass and cost reduction for space launch vehicles, the design of linerless composite tanks constitutes a technological challenge. Their mass-to-performance ratio makes them a high potential material in the aerospace industry, but their permeability is a limiting factor. Indeed, tank pressurization and cryogenic propellant temperatures generate microscopic damage that can coalesce and form leak paths. Therefore, there is a strong relationship between damage to the composite laminate and its permeability.A strategy for developing a permeability prediction model is proposed. It is based on a dialogue between characterization of the elastic-damage behavior of the ply and simulation based on Finite Fracture Mechanics (FFM). The approach is validated experimentally and then, through homogenization methods, the model is transposed to a larger scale, adapted this time for use in an industrial context. This enables the damage state of each ply to be assessed as a function of thermomechanical loading. Finally, experimental comparison of the model enables us to identify the key parameters driving permeability and establish the validity range of predictions
4

Combes, Pascal. "Injection de signal et contrôle "sans capteurs" des moteurs électriques." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0053/document.

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Cette thèse propose une étude approfondie de certains aspects des algorithmes de contrôle "sans capteur". Grâce aux progrès faits en électronique, ces algorithmes sont devenus ces dernières années un standard que les clients attendent de tous les variateurs de vitesse pour tous les moteurs électriques. Cependant, le contrôle "sans capteur" des moteurs électriques à basse vitesse est particulièrement difficile à cause d'une limitation théorique expliquée ici par une étude d'observabilité. L'injection de signal est une technique prometteuse pour contourner ce problème, mais ses effets demeurent mal compris. En particulier le traditionnel modèle linéaire sinusoïdal ne permet pas d'expliquer les résultats expérimentaux. Par conséquent, on propose ici une nouvelle méthode pour modéliser les moteurs électriques. Elle est nettement plus simple que les approches traditionnelles et permet de justifier rigoureusement la modélisation de la saturation dans le repère dq fictif. Les effets de l'injection de signal sont ensuite expliqués grâce à une séparation des échelles de temps. Replacée dans le contexte plus général des systèmes non-linéaires, elle s'avère être une technique permettant d'obtenir des informations supplémentaires sans ajouter de capteur. Les informations ainsi obtenues permettent théoriquement le contrôle des moteurs électriques "sans capteur" à basse vitesse, mais la mise en œuvre de cette solution pour certains types de moteurs peut demeurer compliquée à cause de contraintes industrielles. On montre aussi comment les modèles proposés peuvent être calibrés expérimentalement pour le cas du Moteur Synchrone à Reluctance et du Moteur à Induction sans charge. À cause du manque de mesures et d'effets liés à l'hystéresis dans les matériaux ferromagnétiques, on n'a malheureusement pas réussi à obtenir un modèle expliquant le comportement du Moteur à Induction en charge. Par ailleurs, grâce à la similarité entre les moteurs électriques mise en évidence par l'approche de modélisation proposée ici, on a pu concevoir une loi permettant de contrôler aussi bien un Moteur Synchrone à Reluctance que n'importe quel Moteur Synchrone à Aimants Permanents
This thesis proposes an in-depth study of some aspects of "sensorless" control algorithms for electrical machines. Over the past few years, thanks to the progress made in electronics, "sensorless" control laws became a standard expected from any variable speed drive for any electrical motor. However low-speed "sensorless" operation of electrical motors is inherently difficult, due to a theoretical limitation explained here by an observability study. Signal injection is a promising solution to circumvent this limitation, but its effects are not yet fully understood. In particular, experimental results are not explained by traditional linear sinusoidal models for electrical motors.Hence a new modeling approach for electrical motors is proposed here. It is much simpler than the usual ones and explains thoroughly why saturation can be modeled in the nonphysical dq frame. Signal injection effects are then explained using a multiple time-scale approach and, when put into the general context of nonlinear systems, it turns out to be a technique which allows to obtain more information without adding sensors. Thanks to this additional information, sensorless control of electrical motor becomes theoretically possible, even though the implementation remains challenging due to industrial constraints. Models for the Synchronous Reluctance Motor and the Induction Motor at no load are designed using the proposed approach and calibrated on experimental data but the procedure failed for the Induction Motor under load due to a lack of measurements combined to hysteresis effects. Besides, thanks to the similarities between electrical motors, underlined by the proposed modeling approach, we are able to generalize the proof of a "sensorless" control law designed for Synchronous Reluctance Motors to any kind of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
5

Lewis, Corbin Robert. "Linear Dune Morphometrics in Titan’s Belet Sand Sea and a Comparison with the Namib Sand Sea." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7688.

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Despite atmospheric and compositional differences on Titan and Earth, the similarity in the shape and spacing of linear dunes of the Belet Sand Sea of Titan and the Namib Sand Sea of Earth suggests that comparisons will yield a better understanding of the dictating factors of duneforming processes. We present a methodology for the collection of dune width and spacing measurements representative of the Namib and Belet sand seas. 94,304 locations in Belet from Cassini SAR images and 5,563 locations in the Namib from IKONOS images are used for measurements. The average width and spacing of linear dunes in Belet are 1,235 m and 2,776 m, respectively, with a standard deviation of 422 and 859 respectively. In the Namib, the average linear dune width and spacing is 736 m and 2,203 m, with a standard deviation of 204 and 592. We also analyze these morphometrics according to potential dictating factors such as elevation and distance to sand sea margins. We establish significant trends according to distance to margin, which confirms that the largest and most widely spaced dunes are generally found in the center of the sand sea. We also observe increasing dune width with increasing elevation. The strongest trend we observe is distance to the western margin in the Namib Sand Sea. In Belet, none of these trends were found to be significant. Analysis of width vs. spacing is significant in both sand seas. The disparity in results of the two sand seas suggests factors such as age, sand sea size, or proximity to source may influence linear dune morphometrics.
6

Xie, Fangning. "Real-time SAXS and SANS studies of lamellar superlattices in linear and branched long alkanes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500158.

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7

Malenfant, Jean-Charles. "Influence de l’endommagement sur la perméabilité des matériaux composites : application à la conception d’une capacité cryogénique sans liner." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14550/document.

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Ce travail de thèse s’est déroulé dans le cadre du projet de nanolanceur à propulsion hybride PERSEUS du CNES. La performance de ce concept est influencée par l’allègement de la structure du lanceur. La voie de développement qui a été choisie est de supprimer le liner du réservoir composite cryogénique. Elle repose sur trois exigences fonctionnelles : la compatibilité du matériau composite avec l’oxygène liquide (LOX), l’étanchéité du réservoir, et la résistance aux sollicitations thermomécaniques.L’étude de la compatibilité LOX des matériaux composites met en évidence l’importance du transfert de chaleur au sein du composite et plus précisément de la conductivité thermique des fibres. Ce résultat théorique est conforté par l’expérimentation.Le verrou scientifique principal du travail de thèse concerne l'influence de l’endommagement du composite sur la perméabilité de ce dernier. La conception de dispositifs expérimentaux a permis de déterminer l’évolution des endommagements (fissuration transverse, micro-délaminage, ouverture de fissure) et celle de la perméabilité. Un modèle complet de prévision de la perméabilité d’une paroi composite sollicitée thermo-mécaniquement est proposé. Il s’articule autour d’un modèle d’endommagement à l’échelle du pli, d’un modèle de prédiction de l'ouverture des fissures, et d’un modèle d’écoulement en milieu poreux. La pertinence du modèle développé est testée à travers la réalisation d’un démonstrateur technologique sans liner et d’une campagne d’essais d’endommagement et de mesure de perméabilité
This thesis deals with hybrid propulsion launcher systems studied by the CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales). The performance of the launcher implies its lightening and in this work, the use of a cryogenic composite linerless tank is evaluated. Three functional requirements must be satisfied: the compatibility between the composite material and the liquid oxygen (LOX), the tank gas-tightness and the strength under pressure.The LOX compatibility of composite materials implies high thermal conductivity of the composite, and consequently of the fiber reinforcement. This theoretical result is confirmed by experiments.The main scientific challenge concerns the damage influence on the composite permeability. Specific experimental devices allow determining the damage evolution (transverse cracking, delamination, opening crack) and the composite permeability. A predictive composite permeability model is applied to a composite wall under thermomechanical load: this model includes a ply-scale damage model, a predictive opening crack model and a model of flow through porous media. The relevance of the model is validated through the realization of a linerless prototype tank and the associated tests which correlate damage and permeability
8

Livingstone, I. "The dynamics of sand transport on a Namib linear dune." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375978.

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Laeuffer, Hortense. "Caractérisation et modélisation des réseaux de fissures pour la prédiction de la perméabilité des réservoirs composites stratifiés sans liner." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0044/document.

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La conception de réservoirs composites sans liner pour les lanceurs spatiaux nécessite d’étudier la relation entre endommagement et perméabilité dans les matériaux composites stratifiés pour proposer des solutions répondant à la fois aux critères fonctionnels de résistance et de taux de fuite. L’objectif de cette étude est de fournir une description pertinente de l’évolution de l’endommagement à l’échelle mésoscopique (i.e. à l’échelle du pli) et des réseaux de fissures en résultant afin de prédire l’apparition de fuites à travers les composites stratifiés. Pour ce faire, la démarche mise en œuvre combine modélisation de l’évolution de l’endommagement et essais mécaniques et de perméabilité. Dans un premier temps, des procédures expérimentales spécifiques s’appuyant sur des observations par microscopie optique et par microtomographie sous chargement de traction sont proposées pour caractériser les interactions et l’agencement entre les endommagements des différents plis en termes de seuil de fissuration, de longueur et de position relative des fissures mésoscopiques. Ensuite, pour caractériser la percolation des fissures qui transforme des réseaux de fissures en chemins de fuite, une méthode de mesure de la perméabilité et deux dispositifs expérimentaux sont proposés pour réaliser des mesures de perméabilité sur des tubes sous chargement mono-axial d’une part et bi-axial proportionnel ou non d’autre part. Pour les deux chapitres expérimentaux, des résultats obtenus pour différents stratifiés carbone époxy mis en œuvre par placement de fibres automatisé sont présentés. Enfin, un modèle d’endommagement multi-échelles basé sur les énergies de fissurations est introduit pour décrire les cinétiques des endommagements mésoscopiques, et des pistes de réflexion pour le développement d’un méso-modèle de prédiction des densités de points de fuite sont données
The design of liner-less composite pressure vessels for spatial launchers requires studying the relation between damage and permeability in laminates in order to offer solutions which fulfill strength and leak rate requirements. This study aims at providing a relevant description of damage growth and the resultant network at the meso-scale for leakage prediction. To do so, damage growth modelling is coupled with mechanical and permeability characterization. Two mains issues are addressed: crack network formation, by characterizing and modeling the growth and organization of cracks, and percolation and its effects on permeability, which is addressed by permeability measurement and leak path quantification. Several experimental methods based on optical microscopy and micro-tomography observations under tensile loading are proposed. These methods aim at evaluating the damage interaction and pattern of different plies in terms of cracking threshold, cracks length and relative location. Besides, two experimental setups are proposed to assess permeability evolution and percolation of cracks in pipes submitted to mono-axial or bi-axial loading. The results obtained for several carbon epoxy laminates manufactured by Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) are presented. At last, a multi-scale damage model based on energy release rates and finite fracture mechanics is introduced and key issues for developing a damage meso-model dedicated to the prediction of leak path density are established
10

Tay, Ying Ying. "Effect of dessication on the performance of bentonite-sand landfill liners." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.716355.

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Books on the topic "Sans linker":

1

Tanaka, Shelley. On board the Titanic: What it was like when the great liner sank. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 1997.

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Tanaka, Shelley. On board the Titanic: What it was like when the great liner sank. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 1996.

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Tanaka, Shelley. On board the Titanic: What it was like whem the great liner sank. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 1996.

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Tanaka, Shelley. On board the Titanic: What it was like when the great liner sank. New York: Disney-Hyperion, 2012.

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Jenner, Caryn. Survivors: The night the Titanic sank. New York: Dorling Kindersley Pub., 2001.

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Zelterman, Daniel. Applied linear models with SAS. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Littell, Ramon C. SAS for linear models. 4th ed. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute, 2002.

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Institute, SAS, ed. SAS/STAT software: The GENMOD procedure : release 6.09. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 1993.

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Verbeke, Geert. Linear mixed models for longitudinal data. New York: Springer, 2000.

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Littell, Ramon C. SAS System for linear models. 3rd ed. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sans linker":

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DiMaggio, Charles. "Linear Regression." In SAS for Epidemiologists, 197–212. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4854-9_13.

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Gil, Yossi, Shiri Kremer-Davidson, and Itay Maman. "Sans Constraints? Feature Diagrams vs. Feature Models." In Software Product Lines: Going Beyond, 271–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15579-6_19.

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McBride, Randolph A. "Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1313–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_235.

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McBride, Randolph A. "Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_235-2.

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Gundlach, Erich R., William Ritchie, Randolph A. McBride, and Michael S. Fenster. "Offshore Sand Banks and Linear Sand Ridges." In Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, 737–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_235.

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Konasani, Venkat Reddy, and Shailendra Kadre. "Correlation and Linear Regression." In Practical Business Analytics Using SAS, 295–349. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-0043-8_9.

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Demdoum, Abdellah, Elhadj Guesmia Daheur, Hamza Loualbia, Zahra Bounouara, and Khaled Benmehdi. "Landfill Liner Design Employing Local Materials: Bentonite-Sand Mixtures Using Two Sand Types." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 866–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1972-3_97.

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Fouda, Engy. "Statistical Analysis and Linear Models." In Learn Data Science Using SAS Studio, 105–31. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6237-5_4.

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Moodie, Patricia F., and Dallas E. Johnson. "Introduction to Multiple Linear Regression." In Applied Regression and ANOVA Using SAS, 105–16. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429107368-5.

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Moodie, Patricia F., and Dallas E. Johnson. "Introduction to Simple Linear Regression." In Applied Regression and ANOVA Using SAS, 29–46. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429107368-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sans linker":

1

Cinco-Ley, H., S. Chavez, and R. Aguilera. "Induced Flow Geometries During Steam Injection in Unconsolidated Sand in Heavy and Extra-Heavy OiI Fields in Mexico." In SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213131-ms.

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Abstract This objective of this paper is to demonstrate that transient linear flow is the dominant behavior in unconsolidated sands performing under steam injection in Mexico. It has been observed in the past and there is evidence from fall-off tests that all wells injecting water in unconsolidated sands that store heavy oil exhibit a condition similar to being fractured. Apparently, this is the result of high mobility around the fracture. Something similar can occur during the processes of cyclic steam and continuous steam injection in unconsolidated sands. This is investigated in detail in this paper with different types of transient pressure tests. The paper presents the analysis of falloff, injection and interference tests carried out in steam injection wells in an unconsolidated sand that stores extra-heavy oil. Subsequent to a series of steam injection cycles, the well exhibited a transient pressure behavior that is characteristic of linear geometry. The boundary of the linear flow behavior is associated with the extra-heavy oil zone not affected by steam. Furthermore, subsequent to a period of continuous gas injection (as opposed to the previous cyclic gas injection), it was observed that linear flow was prevalent again. In addition, an interference test was carried out between the injection well and another well producing from the same unconsolidated sand. The interference pressure signal at short times showed a behavior that corresponds to linear flow. The test also permitted to estimate the compressibility of the unconsolidated sandstone. Based on the evidence collected during the different tests, the conclusion is reached that during the processes of steam cyclic and steam continuous injection, a channel of high oil mobility was generated by the viscosity contrast of water and extra-heavy oil. This channel is limited by oil zones not affected by steam. The novelty of the paper is demonstrating that transient linear flow is prevalent throughout the fall-off, injection and interferences tests in the Mexican unconsolidated sand. It is likely that the same observation might have application is other unconsolidated sands undergoing steam injection.
2

Sekar, Shreyas. "Posted Pricing sans Discrimination." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/55.

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In the quest for market mechanisms that are easy to implement, yet close to optimal, few seem as viable as posted pricing. Despite the growing body of impressive results, the performance of most posted price mechanisms however, rely crucially on "price discrimination" when multiple copies of a good are available. For the more general case with non-linear production costs on each good, hardly anything is known for general multi-good markets. With this in mind, we study the problem of social welfare maximization in a Bayesian setting where the seller can produce any number of copies of a good but faces convex production costs for the same. Our central contribution is a structured framework for decision making and static item pricing in the face of uncertainty and production costs, i.e., the seller decides how much to produce and posts a single price per good that is common to all buyers, the buyers arrive sequentially and purchase utility maximizing bundles of goods. The framework yields constant factor approximations to the optimum welfare when buyer valuations are fractionally subadditive, extends to more general valuations and also settings where the seller is completely oblivious to buyer valuations. Our work presents the first known results for non-discriminatory pricing in environments with non-linear costs where we only have access to stochastic information regarding buyer preferences. At a high level, our results imply that it is often possible to obtain good guarantees without discriminating against buyers, i.e., charging them differently for the same good.
3

Han, Yanhui, and Feng Liang. "Mitigation of Sand Production Risk Using Thermally Expandable Polymeric Beads." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-0979.

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ABSTRACT: Sand production is nearly always detrimental to the short- and/or long-term production of the well. It can present major obstacles to well production through reduced production rates, sand bridging, erosion of equipment, and sand disposal and removal. In this work, we introduce a new concept of using thermally expandable, high-stiff polymeric beads as gravel pack materials, either replacing the regular gravel sand pack partially or fully to fill the annulus between production tubing/slotted liner/screens and reservoir to compensate the high stress near the wellbore during sand production. Under the reservoir condition (treated with bottom hole temperature), these polymeric beads will expand in volume. The volume expansion of gravel pack materials in the annulus space will result in additional mechanical pressure against the wellbore, which will subsequently decrease the hoop stress and increase the radial stress in the near wellbore region; therefore, the mechanical failure and the risk of sand production can be reduced. 1. INTRODUCTION Weakly consolidated sandstone reservoirs with permeability in the range of 100 md - 10 Darcy are most susceptible to sand production. The solid material produced from a well can consist of both formation fines and load bearing solids. The critical factor to assess the risk of sand production for a particular well is whether the production of the load bearing materials can be maintained below an acceptable level at the anticipated flow rates and if the producing condition will make the well production acceptable. There are a few factors influencing the tendency of a well for sand production, such as degree of consolidation of the formation, production rate of the reservoir fluids, pressure drawdown, reduction of the pore pressure, reservoir fluid viscosity and the volume/amount of water production. Sand production is nearly always detrimental to the short- and/or long-term production of the well. It can present major obstacles to well production through reduced production rates, sand bridging, erosion of equipment, and sand disposal and removal. The sand control methods can be classified into two major ways: mechanical and chemical. Mechanical methods of sand control prevent sand production by stopping the formation with liners, screens or gravel packs. Chemical control methods involve injecting resins into the formation to consolidate the sand grains. Gravel pack completion relies on the bridging of formation sand with larger well-sorted sand pack which have been retained by a slotted liner or screen. The size of the well-sorted sand pack is typically 5-6 times larger than the formation sand. Gravel pack creates a permeable downhole filter that will allow the production of the formation fluids but restrict the entry and production of formation sands. In this type of completion wells, the reservoir fluids flow through the sand pack into the wells. In the near wellbore region, the stress concentration is high and the confining stress and pore pressure inside the wellbore are low, so rock mass can easily run into mechanical failure, which can significantly reduce the compressive confinement stress on the solids in the solid matrix.
4

Lombard, Michael S., Gregory D. Scott, and Glenn S. Swanson. "Resin Coated Prepacked Sand Control Liner." In SPE Western Regional/AAPG Pacific Section Joint Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/83480-ms.

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Shahi, Shivam, and Ergun Kuru. "Experimental Investigation of Settling Velocity of Natural Sands in Power-Law Fluid Using Particle Image Shadowgraph." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41762.

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In this study a new experimental technique, particle image shadowgraph (PIS), is used to investigate the settling velocity of natural sand particles in Power-law fluids. The particle settling velocity measurements are conducted within the Reynolds number of range of 0.01 to 17.00. Natural sands with mean sieve diameters in the range, 0.35 mm – 1.4 mm, are used. Six different equivalent diameter definitions are used to characterize size of the natural sand particles. Using the size and shape measurements in conjunction with PIS, correlations between the mean sieve diameter and equivalent diameters are obtained. Empirical correlations for predicting the settling velocity of sand particles in Power-law fluids are developed. Multiple linear regression analyses are performed with each fluid data and empirical coefficients for the models are also reported as functions of n and K. The models presented in the study give an average error of less than 20%. In addition, the multiple linear regression tools are applied to enhance the efficiency of the correlations by 3–5%. One of the major contributions of this study is that one can use any associated diameter to predict the settling velocity, which leads to greater flexibility.
6

Bani Baker, M. "Investigating the influence of alternative fuels on the properties of sand-bentonite liners." In Advanced Topics in Mechanics of Materials, Structures and Construction. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902592-70.

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Abstract. Landfills are one of the most effective ways utilized to dispose the wastes and usable up today, most of their failures were suspected due to the failure of their protecting natural liners. Landfill liners failure is one of the most problematic issues that face engineers and expose governments, societies, and the environment to high costs. Protection of groundwater requires that natural landfill liner structure be able to reserve its properties in harsh conditions and over a long period. However, the composition of disposed of residuals might change in the following contemporary trends and it could contain alternative fuels and their impact on natural liners requires further investigations. This paper focuses on the changes in sand-bentonite liner due to the interaction and infiltration of hydrocarbon liquids (alternative fuels); biofuel and ethanol-fuel. In this investigation, an experimental program was carried out to examine the influence of chemical properties of alternative fuels on the hydraulic conductivity, erodibility, swelling potential and shrinkage behaviour of natural liners. Series of laboratory tests were conducted in 20 cm-high PVC columns to investigate the hydraulic conductivity of the liners, swelling behaviour of bentonite when subjected to water, biofuel or ethanol-fuel was assessed by oedometer tests, and shrinking behaviour and cracking patterns of samples taken from the PVC columns were examined employing digital photo analysis. The results can be useful in designing liners, barriers as well in assessing the behaviour of clayey soil in case of accidental spills or intentional discharges.
7

Cardwell, N. D., K. A. Thole, and S. W. Burd. "Investigation of Sand Blocking Within Impingement and Film-Cooling Holes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51351.

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Gas turbines are not generally designed for operation with a particle laden inlet flow but, in fact, are commonly operated in unclean environments resulting in dirt, sand, and other debris ingestion. In addition to the negative effects within the main gas path, for aeroengines these particles are pulled into the coolant system where they can clog cooling passages and erode internal surfaces. Unlike previous research that focused on deposition and erosion within the main gas path, this study evaluated blocking in a double wall liner whereby both impingement and film-cooling holes were simulated. Double wall liners are commonly used in the combustor and turbine for combined internal and external cooling of metal components. Specifically, sand blockages were evaluated through comparisons of measured flowrates for a particular pressure ratio across the liner. Four liner geometries were tested whereby the coolant hole size and orientation were varied in test coupons. At ambient temperature, blocking was shown to be a function of the impingement flow area. A significant rise in blocking was observed as sand and metal temperatures were increased. The overlap between the impingement and film-cooling holes was also found to have a significant effect.
8

ROOS, PIETER C., PAOLO BLONDEAUX, SUZANNE J. M. H. HULSCHER, and GIOVANNA VITTORI. "LINEAR EVOLUTION OF SAND WAVE PACKETS AND RELEVANCE TO OFFSHORE SAND EXTRACTION." In Proceedings of the 29th International Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701916_0200.

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Han, Zhilei, Yunjiang Cui, Sainan Xu, and Chao Ma. "Experimental Research on Mechanical Properties for Hydraulic Fracture Design of Weak Sands: A Case Study in Bohai." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32072-ms.

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Abstract In recent years, in order to improve the oil production of unconsolidated sand reservoirs, hydraulic fracture through the screen liner has been carried out in the Bohai oilfield. Traditional hydraulic fracture design methods usually assume the rock is elastic, while the weak sands are often nonlinear elastic rocks. This study investigates how to optimize the mechanical parameters used in the hydraulic fracture design to best approximate the rock elastic properties under in-situ formation conditions, and show how to derive them from well logs. We performed uniaxial strain and triaxial stress compression experiments on five and seven groups of core samples, which were from well P6 and well P8, respectively. Each group of samples had five plugs with similar depth, one of which was designed for the uniaxial strain experiment and the other four for the triaxial stress experiment. Linear regression analyses and extrapolations were carried out for each set of core data to find the proper mechanical parameters for the fracturing design. The quantitative conversion formulas between core analysis and well log-derived results of these moduli were eventually established. The reservoir rocks of P oilfield located in Bohai are relatively weak and have low stiffness. Mechanical experiments show that there is a linear correlation between deformation modulus and effective confining pressure. Core data analyses indicate that constrained modulus provides the best approximation of rock modulus under initial reservoir conditions. And its value is the ratio of stress to strain (from initial linear data) in the uniaxial strain experiment. Therefore, it is recommended to use the constrained modulus as the mechanical parameter in hydraulic fracture design. Meanwhile, there is a strong linear relationship between constrained modulus and Young's modulus, and the former is roughly six times greater than the latter. Combining the conversion between core and well log-derived Young's modulus, it is possible to estimate constrained modulus from well logs. The method proposed in this research was used for the fracturing design of well P45. After fracturing, the daily oil production increased from 399.3 to 2,462.9ft3, and the liquid production increased four times. Based on the studies of rock mechanics laboratory data, we propose that constrained modulus is the appropriate parameter in the hydraulic fracture design of soft sediments. And it has been verified by actual production data. The new method provides a reliable reference for the hydraulic fracture design of weakly consolidated sands in Bohai and other similar oilfields.
10

Han, Zhilei, Yunjiang Cui, Sainan Xu, and Chao Ma. "Experimental Research on Mechanical Properties for Hydraulic Fracture Design of Weak Sands: A Case Study in Bohai." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32072-ms.

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Abstract In recent years, in order to improve the oil production of unconsolidated sand reservoirs, hydraulic fracture through the screen liner has been carried out in the Bohai oilfield. Traditional hydraulic fracture design methods usually assume the rock is elastic, while the weak sands are often nonlinear elastic rocks. This study investigates how to optimize the mechanical parameters used in the hydraulic fracture design to best approximate the rock elastic properties under in-situ formation conditions, and show how to derive them from well logs. We performed uniaxial strain and triaxial stress compression experiments on five and seven groups of core samples, which were from well P6 and well P8, respectively. Each group of samples had five plugs with similar depth, one of which was designed for the uniaxial strain experiment and the other four for the triaxial stress experiment. Linear regression analyses and extrapolations were carried out for each set of core data to find the proper mechanical parameters for the fracturing design. The quantitative conversion formulas between core analysis and well log-derived results of these moduli were eventually established. The reservoir rocks of P oilfield located in Bohai are relatively weak and have low stiffness. Mechanical experiments show that there is a linear correlation between deformation modulus and effective confining pressure. Core data analyses indicate that constrained modulus provides the best approximation of rock modulus under initial reservoir conditions. And its value is the ratio of stress to strain (from initial linear data) in the uniaxial strain experiment. Therefore, it is recommended to use the constrained modulus as the mechanical parameter in hydraulic fracture design. Meanwhile, there is a strong linear relationship between constrained modulus and Young's modulus, and the former is roughly six times greater than the latter. Combining the conversion between core and well log-derived Young's modulus, it is possible to estimate constrained modulus from well logs. The method proposed in this research was used for the fracturing design of well P45. After fracturing, the daily oil production increased from 399.3 to 2,462.9ft3, and the liquid production increased four times. Based on the studies of rock mechanics laboratory data, we propose that constrained modulus is the appropriate parameter in the hydraulic fracture design of soft sediments. And it has been verified by actual production data. The new method provides a reliable reference for the hydraulic fracture design of weakly consolidated sands in Bohai and other similar oilfields.

Reports on the topic "Sans linker":

1

Fisk, Charles J., and Bernard C. Cohenour. Tidal and Linar Data for Point Mugu, San Nicolas Island, and the Barking Sands Area During 1994. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada276036.

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Wignall, G. D., J. D. Londono, R. G. Alamo, and L. Mandelkern. The morphology of blends of linear and branched polyethylenes in solid state by SANS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34328.

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Wignall, G. D., J. D. Londono, R. G. Alamo, L. Mandelkern, and F. C. Stehling. The morphology of blends of linear and branched polyethylenes in solid state by SANS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/225976.

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Lee, Wall, and Worsley. PR-398-113719-R01 Technologies for Monitoring Erosion Corrosion and Direct Inspection of Subsea Assets. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010570.

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This Final Report prepared by ESR Technology Ltd., provides the results of a study on subsea pipeline erosion and corrosion monitoring. The report is therefore split into two parts. The first part deals with monitoring erosion and corrosion, subsea; and the second part is on direct inspection techniques to monitor wall thickness loss. Generally, Subsea equipment is significantly more difficult to inspect than topside or land-based equipment and the study recognizes that many challenges and technology gaps remain. Sand, produced from oil and gas wells, can cause erosion and erosion/corrosion of subsea production systems and presents a number of threats to the safe reliable and economic operation of a facility. Sand control systems (e.g. sand screens) are used to prevent or limit sand production and therefore prevent erosion. In some developments, however, downhole sand control is not feasible and sand production may occur leading to erosion of the flowlines, pipes and equipment. Since erosion is strongly linked to flow velocity at bend points, erosion damage is principally a concern of equipment downstream of the wellhead (where the operating pressure is low) rather than being associated with damage to the well tubing (where operating pressure is relatively high but the flow path is predominantly straight). The goal of this research project is to screen current and potential techniques that provide a direct measure of loss of pipe wall thickness, rather than indirect measurement (e.g. erosion and corrosion probes, acoustic sand and electric field corrosion monitors). Such techniques should also be capable of being embarked on AUV, snake like robots, mini ROV etc.
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Chong, Alberto E., Vanessa Ríos, and Hugo R. Ñopo. Do Welfare Programs Damage Interpersonal Trust?: Experimental Evidence from Representative Samples for Four Latin American Cities. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010904.

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This paper argues that welfare programs are linked with the destruction of social capital, as measured by interpersonal trust in laboratory games. The paper employs experimental data for representative samples of individuals in four Latin American capital cities (Bogota, Lima, Montevideo, and San Jose), finding that participation in welfare programs damage trust. This result is robust to the inclusion of individual risk measures and a broad array of controls. The findings also support the notion that low take-up rates may be due to stigma linked with trust and social capital, rather than transaction costs.
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Cuevas, Eloy E., and Madeleine Wells. Somalia: Line in the Sand - Identification of MYM Vulnerabilities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada528746.

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Lei, Jiangtao, Marcos Arroyo, Matteo Ciantia, and Ningning Zhang. Grain roughness effect on the critical state line of crushable sands. University of Dundee, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001234.

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A recently proposed DEM model for materials with rough crushable grains (Zhang et al. 2021; Ciantia et al. 2015; Otsubo et al. 2017) is here employed to examine the effect of contact roughness on the critical state line, a property of granular materials which is a) fundamental for the evaluation of liquefaction risk and liquefied responses and b) easily accessible through DEM simulation (Ciantia et al. 2019).
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Huang, Aidan, Qianqian Wang, Qing Meng, Qiwei He, Ruhai Bai, Hairong Dai, Xiyu Zhang, Zhenggang Bai, and Kun Tang. Theorizing Global Health Governance: A Scoping Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0009.

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Review question / Objective: The review question is: what theories or theoretical frameworks were developed for global health governance? This scoping review aims to (1) assess the extent of existing research articles on global health governance with theories or theoretical framework; (2) summarize their differences and commons in theoretical basis, disciplinary perspectives, methods or methodology, mainly focused stakeholders or actors, and research agenda, etc.; (3) mapping a research roadmap for theorizing global health governance. Background: Given the globalised health issues, health governance in each sovereignty has been closely linked. From the pandemic of SARS to COVID-19, repeating global health crises have alerted the need for global health solidarity efforts. However, there is still a lack of a solid global health governance framework under “international anarchy”.
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Voulgaris, George, John H. Trowbridge, and Eugene Terray. Spatial Variability of Bottom Turbulence Over a Linear Sand Ridge Mooring Deployment and AUTOSUB AUV Survey Cruise Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada390372.

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Honegger, Wijewickreme, and Monroy. L52325 Assessment of Geosynthetic Fabrics to Reduce Soil Loads on Buried Pipelines - Phase I and II. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010398.

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High soil loads on buried pipelines can lead to unacceptably high pipeline strains developed in response to permanent ground displacement. Common causes of permanent ground displacement are related to slope instability as a result of heavy precipitation or ground subsidence. In addition, several permanent ground displacement hazards are related to earthquakes including surface fault displacement, triggered landslide movement, surface ground settlement related to liquefaction, and lateral spread displacement. Result: Four specific areas of investigation were completed: 1.Performed baseline tests in moist sand to confirm minimal difference in horizontal soil restraint between moist and dry sand. 2.Performed tests to gauge the variation in horizontal load reduction with separation between the pipe and an inclined trench wall lined with two layers of geotextile. 3.Performed tests in compacted 19 mm (0.75 in) minus sand and crushed limestone (referred to locally in British Columbia as road mulch) to attempt to provide larger difference between horizontal forces developed with and without lining a trench wall with geotextile. 4.Performed tests to attempt to confirm oblique horizontal-axial soil restraint behavior reported in small-scale tests and centrifuge tests. Benefit: Rather than undertake further physical testing to better understand how the presence of single or dual layers of geotextile fabric changes the mechanisms by which soil restraint develops for horizontal ground displacement, future efforts should focus on numerical simulation preferably using discrete element methods. Until full-scale test data are available to confirm consistent prediction of oblique horizontal-axial soil restraint, the practice of treating horizontal and axial soil springs independently in the analysis of buried pipeline response to ground displacement, as is the current practice, should be maintained.

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