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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sanitary landfills'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Kam, Chung-hau Brian. "A comparison & contrast of Hong Kong and overseas practices in landfill gas management." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19945589.

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2

Chang, Siao-yu Heidi. "The rubbish revolution : a new age approach for the inevitable landfill at SENT, Tseung Kwan O /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34609489.

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3

Cheng, Ming-chi. "A critical review of landfill operations in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424941.

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4

Nastev, Miroslav. "Modeling landfill gas generation and migration in sanitary landfills and geological formations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/NQ39379.pdf.

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5

Liu, Wing-hei. "Development potential of a landfill site after restoration /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13813729.

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6

Hon, Siu-ming. "Ultimate form of recycling : integrated landfill management: leachate recirculation, landfill gas utilization and landfill mining : are they applicable to Hong Kong? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14709272.

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7

Wan, Iat-meng. "Physical characterization of dewatered sewage sludge for landfilling /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20717921.

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8

Lo-Quiroz, Wai-chi Yany. "The economic externalities of solid waste treatment facilities /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37120165.

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9

Eftelioglu, Mustafa. "Numerical model for determining the wetting front in a clay layer of a leaking composite barrier." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2067.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 160 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-107).

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10

Lee, Yuk-yin. "Landscape re-engineering rethinking SENT landfill in sustainable landscape architectural approach /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38480232.

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Thesis (M. L. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Title proper from title frame. Includes special report study entitled: Restoration with native species in Hong Kong hillside. Also available in printed format.

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11

Hampson, Christine L. "Residents' reappraisal of the Halton Regional landfill site : a longitudinal study of psychosocial impacts /." *McMaster only, 1997.

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12

Kaoser, Saleh. "Concept of copper mobility and compatibility with lead and cadmium in landfill liners." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84268.

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Despite improved liner design, there are still reported incidences of landfill leachate, rich in heavy metals, percolating through to groundwater and threatening ecosystems. This thesis introduces the concept of segregating municipal solid wastes (MSW) according to their major heavy metals and their metal's adsorption compatibility. Each segregated portion can be disposed in a different landfill compartment to minimize leaching of these heavy metals with the greatest bioactive impact. The validity of the concept was evaluated by batch and column retention mobility studies using copper (Cu) alone or with either lead (Pb) or cadmium (Cd) in solutions bearing various pHs. This was supported by selective sequential extraction (SSE) to determine the affinity to specific liner fractions. The following summarizes the procedure used.
Beforehand, a soil column test using sand with 5 and 10% bentonite was conducted to develop an equation predicting liner permeability, k , under simulated field conditions. The column permeability test revealed that a liner with 5% bentonite resulted in a k value which respected the North American criteria of 10-5 m/s.
In the batch experiments, solutions with Cu alone or with Cd or Pb, adjusted to pH of 3.7, 5.5 or 7.5, were applied to sand liners with 0%, 5% or 10% bentonite, having CEC's of 2.0, 6.4, and 10.8 (cmol(+) kg-1 ), respectively. Bentonite, pH and Pb significantly affected Cu adsorption. Cu was adsorbed by the liners at pH <6.5 whereas Cu precipitated at pH >6.5. Cu retention was higher in the presence of Cd than in that of Pb, at all combinations of CEC and pH. Competition between metals was greater in liners with lower CEC and therefore fewer adsorption sites. Limiting Pb in a landfill compartment can improve Cu adsorption at pH's below the precipitating threshold.
In the SSE procedure, the liner samples were centrifuged, decanted from their solutions and each adsorption fraction analyzed for Cu content. Results indicated that the carbonate fraction adsorbed more Cu, and that Pb significantly increased the mobility of Cu due to competition for exchangeable sites.
In the final soil column test using a sand liner with 5% bentonite, the leachate had an initial pH of 3.7. The leaching test confirmed the compatibility of Cu with Cd. The leaching of Cu was greater in the presence of Pb. Total metals in leachate was greater for the Cu-Cd solutions than for the Cu-Pb, because of Cd's relatively high mobility. The sequential extraction results showed again that the carbonate fraction dominated metal adsorption. Total heavy metal leaching followed the order of Cu/Cd > Cu/Pb > Cu alone.
Thus, disposing MSW in landfill compartments based on their heavy metal compatibility can minimize migration of heavy metals.

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13

Lee, Kit-ying. "Redevelopment of Sai Tso Wan landfill : recycling theme park /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951075.

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14

Sabre, Mara. "Wildflower establishment on landfills in central and southwestern Virginia." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-063444/.

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15

DeAbreu, Ricardo. "Facultative Bioreactor Landfill: An Environmental and Geotechnical Study." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2003. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/39.

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A relatively new concept of Municipal Solid Waste treatment is known as bioreactor landfill technology. Bioreactor landfills are sanitary landfills that use microbiological processes purposefully to transform and stabilize the biodegradable organic waste constituents in a shorter period of time. One of the most popular types of bioreactor landfills is the landfill with leachate recirculation. However, it is observed that ammonia rapidly accumulates in landfills that recirculate leachate and may be the component that limits the potential to discharge excess leachate to the environment. In the facultative landfill, leachate is nitrified biologically using an on-site treatment plant and converted by denitrifying bacteria to nitrogen gas, a harmless end-product. In this research, three pilot-plant scale lysimeters are used in a comparative evaluation of the effect of recirculating treated and untreated leachate on waste stabilization rates. The three lysimeters are filled with waste prepared with identical composition. One is being operated as a facultative bioreactor landfill with external leachate pre-treatment prior to recirculation, the second is being operated as an anaerobic bioreactor landfill with straight raw leachate recirculation, and the third one is the control unit and operated as a conventional landfill. Apart from environmental restrictions, geotechnical constraints are also imposed on new sanitary landfills. The scarcity of new potential disposal areas imposes higher and higher landfills, in order to utilize the maximum capacity ofthose areas. In this context, the knowledge of the compressibility of waste landfills represents a powerful tool to search for alternatives for optimization of disposal areas and new solid waste disposal technologies. This dissertation deals with and discusses the environmental and geotechnical aspects of municipal solid waste landfills. In the Environmental Engineering area, it compares the quality of the leachate and gas generated in the three lysimeters and discusses the transfer of the technology studied through lysimeters to procedures for full-scale operation. In the geotechnical area, this dissertation discusses the compressibility properties of the waste and provides a state-of-the-art review of MSW compressibility studies. It also evaluates the compressibility of MSW landfills for immediate and long-term settlements and proposes a new model for compressibility of waste landfills.

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16

Ngai, Yuen-yi Helen. "Soil genesis and vegetation growth in pulverized fuel ash and refuse landfills capped by decomposed granite /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19471166.

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17

Song, Young-Tae. "Application of permeabilty similitude method to centrifuge test." Ohio : Ohio University, 1994. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178735952.

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18

Miller, Bradford Hale. "Ammonia gas dynamics in four Vancouver area landfills." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28506.

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A nine month field and laboratory study was undertaken to measure, predict and model the variation of detected ammonia concentrations in landfill gas. An additional side study attempted to characterize organic trace contaminants found in landfill gas. The field project consisted of biweekly sampling of gas extraction wells from four Vancouver-area landfills for the analysis of NH₃-N in the gas and leachate. Methane and other common landfill gases were also analyzed. The wet chemical boric-acid sampling technique used in this study was estimated to have a ammonia gas recovery efficiency of 50 %. Other than a low recovery efficiency, problems encountered with this sampling technique was the high humidity and negative interferences inherent in the landfill gas. Laboratory analysis of the collected NH₃-N gas samples was by the automated phenate method, which could detect NH₃-N gas concentrations greater than 10 ppb. The NH₃-N concentrations in gas were found to exceed 600 ppb, but were more commonly in the 50 to 200 ppb range. In the statistical and graphical analysis, gas temperature and precipitation were found to correlate the most to the variation in ammonia gas concentration, while leachate ionic strength correlated strongest with most CH₄ % analysis. Prediction of both NH₃-N gas and CH₄ % by regression analysis was found to be suspect due to low R² values and non-normality of some data. Four different Henry's Law constants of ammonia gas were evaluated to help predict the concentration of NH₃-N in the gas phase. The combination of already measured NH₃-N leachate concentrations and Henry's Law constants yielded results that over and underpredicted measured NH₃-N gas data by 2000 fold or more. This leads the author to believe Henry's Law may not be applicable in a landfill environment due to non-equilibrium conditions coupling with various other reaction mechanisms. Comparison of landfill ammonia gas flux rates with total ammonia leachate flux rates in two of the four landfills yielded an insignificant gas flux rate of less than 0.03 % of the total leachate NH₃-N fluxes. The NH₃-N gas flux results were calculated from a spreadsheet emission model employing both convection and diffusion flow through the landfill cover. A comparison of the emission model results for the 20 ha Richmond landfill study area (3.862 kg/yr) compared favorably to the mass flux results determined from a simple gas generation mass balance model.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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19

Chan, Zenith. "Determining suitable locations for landfill development /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18734595.

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20

Fritz, Wolfgang U. "The effect of gas on general stability in wet landfills." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290003.

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Due to regulatory legislation enacted over the past few decades, the design of municipal sanitary landfills has evolved from simple open dumps to relatively sophisticated storage and treatment facilities. Bioreactor landfills, which were first introduced in the mid 1990s became a popular landfill management technique and. A bioreactor landfill uses leachate recirculation to enhance the degradation processes thus degrading the waste constituents much faster than would be experienced with arid landfills. However, the well-accepted set of design criteria and methods of analysis for stability, settlement, degradation, gas generation, and water infiltration that had been developed for the arid landfills were not necessarily appropriate for the bioreactor landfills. Whether due to leachate recirculation or extreme precipitation, the waste in a landfill may tend to become saturated. The high saturation levels then reduce the permeability of the waste to landfill gas thus leading to pore pressures that are greater than what would be predicted by fluid statics. In this case, the factor of safety for global stability within the landfill will be lowered, potentially creating failure. A theoretical model predicting the time and depth dependent development pore pressures due to the formation of landfill gas in a wet landfill is presented. The model is then quantitatively approximated with a finite difference scheme. It was found that below the level of saturation, the steady state pressure distribution appears to be hydrostatic except that the unit weight of the fluid is significantly heavier (14.0 kN/m³) compared to water (9.81 kN/m³). In the ten days preceding July 10, 2000, approximately 0.75 m (30 inches) of rain fell onto the Payatas Landfill near Manila, Philippines. Results of HELP modeling indicate that this precipitation caused a 10-m deep zone of saturated waste at the bottom of the waste mass. Through a back-analysis of the failure, a factor of safety of 1.0 for stability was calculated by using an increased unit weight of pore fluid of 20.9 kN/m³, which is similar to that predicted by the finite difference scheme of 14.0 kN/m³. Hence, this research shows that the build-up of landfill gas can play a significant role in the stability of wet landfills.

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21

Bailey, Douglas C. "Geology and evaluation of potential for contamination of the vicinity of the Metropolitan Landfill, Liberty Township, Delaware County, Indiana using earth resistivity as guidance." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/505650.

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The area immediately surrounding a landfill was studied by DC resistivity methods, soil borings, and review of historical data bases to learn if the landfill had released leachate to the ground water and to define the geology and hydrogeology of the site. Property immediately adjacent to the landfill has been proposed as a new landfill site. The geology and hydrogeology of this site were investigated to provide supplemental data for use in planning and operating the new landfill.Although no contaminant plumes were located by resistivity methods, the range in measured resistivity values proved to be sufficiently large to possibly mask existing leachate migration from the landfill. Using the resistivity data base generated through this effort, future resistivity surveys at this site may identify changes indicating contaminant plume formation or migration.Zones of shallow sand and gravel were found (by resistivity methods) to be present at locations that appear to correlate with slightly higher topography and soil type MuB2. This information led to the location and confirmation of other shallow permeable zones in the glacial drift with the same common attributes (soil type MuB2, higher topography and 5 to 15 feet deep sand and gravel). These shallow permeable zones had been omitted from the ground-water monitoring systems for both the Metropolitan Landfill and the proposed Delaware County Landfill. The results of this study were used as the basis for recommendations presented to the local board of health and the state regarding the need for additional ground-water monitoring at the two sites and the suggested locations for such.

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22

Yuan, Guobing. "Zeolite and high carbon fly ash mixes as liner materials for lead/phenol sorption /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25904.pdf.

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23

Cheng, Ming-chi, and 鄭名智. "A critical review of landfill operations in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254834.

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24

Liu, Wing-hei, and 廖永熙. "Development potential of a landfill site after restoration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252941.

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25

Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai. "The use of waste-derived paste as daily cover materials for enhancing geo-environmental performance of sanitary landfills /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202008%20NG.

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26

Punyamurthula, Sujan. "Three-dimensional analysis of waste impoundment stability /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10210.

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27

Shashikumar, Bangalore M. "Effect of leachate on the stability of landfill composite liners." Ohio : Ohio University, 1992. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1173217012.

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28

Cheung, Kwai Chung. "Purification of landfill leachate by microalgae." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1991. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/7.

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29

Huber, Mary Susan 1961. "Occurrence of enteric viruses in disposable diapers from three landfills." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278256.

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Disposable diapers are a possible source of infectious enteric viruses that are disposed of in landfills. A total of 210 disposable diapers were collected from seven sites and ten depths at three landfills. Of these total, 110 diapers were processed with a 1.5% beef-extract-elution organic-flocculation-concentration method to recover viruses. The concentrated samples were assayed on BGM cell cultures for the detection of enteroviruses and with cDNA probes specific for poliovirus, hepatitis A virus and rotavirus. Enteroviruses were not detected in any sample assayed using cell culture techniques. Three samples were positive using nucleic acid probes for poliovirus. These results suggest that poliovirus RNA was present in some diapers but that the viruses were not viable after two years or longer in a landfill.

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30

Guzzwell, Gladstone Keith. "A hydrogeological and geophysical assessment of a contaminant plume emanating from the Terra Nova Regional Waste Disposal Site." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25847.pdf.

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31

Chang, Siao-yu Heidi, and 張曉余. "The rubbish revolution: a new age approach for the inevitable landfill at SENT, Tseung Kwan O." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009533.

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32

Uba, Okwuchukwu Gerald. "Determining the Property Value Impact of Landfills." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4751.

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The decline in property value can be due to owner's act or exogenous act from the operation of landfills. Landfill neighbors, especially home owners, perceive landfill operation to pose environmental safety problem such as ground water contamination and methane gas leakage that could affect home value. Owners of landfills, especially those landfills that accept only dry waste (limited purpose landfill), claim that since their facilities meet the requirements of environmental regulations and the type of waste they accept could not possibly produce methane gas and leachate there is no property value impact of their facilities. Several studies have shown that landfills do not have impact on property value. However, one recent study found that a large regional landfill have impact on property value. The property value impact of a limited purpose landfill located in Portland, Oregon, was investigated in this study. Data were gathered for homes in approximately one half mile radius around the landfill for the periods before the landfill opened, during operation, and after closure. Hedonic estimation technique incorporated in a multiple linear regression was used to control for a key variable (proximity or distance between the landfill and homes) and examine the relationship of this variable and sale price of homes. The results show that distance of homes (the proxy for perception) from the landfill was positively related and statistically significant with sale prices of homes during the period the landfill was in operation. Distance of homes sold in the periods the landfill was not in existence or operation was not positively related nor statistically significant with sale prices. That is, the operational effects of the landfill was capitalized into property value. With this result, the issue of whether neighbors of landfills should be compensated deserve more attention. The results of this study would be very helpful in negotiating compensation. The results also show that if adequate pollution mitigation measures are in place landfill zoning ordinance should be based on the fact that landfill sites would yield maximum economic benefit to the owner after closure.

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33

Jorstad, Lange B. School of Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences UNSW. "Analysis of variation in inorganic contaminant concentration and distribution in a landfill leachate plume: Astrolabe Park, Sydney, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23427.

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Spatial and temporal variation in inorganic contaminant concentration and distribution in a landfill leachate plume is examined to determine the mechanisms responsible for the observed variation, and to provide an assessment of the implications of this variation with respect to the interpretation of monitoring data, specifically with regards to its application to geochemical modelling. An integrated approach to field investigation was utilised in this study, including sample collection from a network of standard and bundled piezometers, surface and borehole geophysical investigation techniques, and a manometer board for the measurement of hydraulic head in bundled piezometers. Nine groundwater sampling events were conducted over a 12 month period, with sample analyses comprising field measurement of water quality parameters and redox sensitive elements, and laboratory analysis for major and trace elements and stable isotopes (??18O, ??2H, ??13C-DIC, ??15N). The vertical position of the centre of mass of the leachate plume was observed to vary up to 2 metres between monitoring events, and concentrations of key indicator parameters were observed to fluctuate by as much as 160%. The electrical images created by surface resistivity transects along a groundwater flow path between the landfill and a groundwater-fed pond a short distance downgradient suggest a plume configuration characterised by discrete pulses of concentrated leachate migrating in a conservative manner between the landfill and the pond. It is hypothesized that these leachate slugs are flushed into the aquifer during sustained periods of rainfall, presumed to be a significant driver of leachate mobilisation into the underlying aquifer. The most significant hydrogeochemical processes affecting contaminant mobilisation, transport and attenuation in the leachate-impacted shallow aquifer included microbial degradation of organic waste, dissolution of inorganic waste, ion exchange, precipitation of sulfide and carbonate minerals, mixing with rainfall recharge along flow path, and redox transformations along the plume fringe. These processes are supported by hydrogeochemical data analysis, and generally agree with the results of inverse geochemical modelling. While analysis of detailed groundwater monitoring appears to provide a plausible description of the plume dynamics, the results of the electrical resistivity transects indicates a more varied and complex plume configuration than is suggested by the borehole data alone. This integration of investigation techniques underscores the inherent inadequacy of even a high-resolution monitoring well network to accurately describe the full extent of variation in time and space within a contaminant plume, even in a relatively simple aquifer environment, and accentuates the potentially significant limitations of site-scale hydrogeochemical interpretation based solely on borehole monitoring data.

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34

Delphos, Paul Jeffery. "Potential biodegradability of sodium polyacrylate polymers in a stabilized landfill environment." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21263.

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35

Abdel, Warith Mostafa. "Migration of leachate solutin through clay soil." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75428.

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The problem of domestic solid wastes buried in landfill sites is viewed from the aspect of leachate contamination and migration in the substrate. Generally, this occurs through the penetration of the contaminant into the liner material. This study assesses the efficiency of natural clay barriers as an expedient economic lining material.
Various chemical constituents of the landfill leachate of an actual waste containment site at Lachenaie (35 km east of Montreal) were determined from samples collected from specially designed basins.
In companion laboratory tests, these leachate samples were permeated through laboratory columns that contained the natural clay compacted at the optimum water content. The columns were constructed so as to permit simulation of slow, saturated, anaerobic flow of leachate through the clay lining surrounding the landfill and leachate basins. Leachates were permeated through the soil columns for periods of four to five months, during which effluents were collected periodically and analyzed for different chemical species and physical parameters. These chemical analyses measured changes in the concentration of: (a) cations (Na, K, Ca, and Mg), (b) anions (Cl, HCO$ sb3$, and CO$ sb3$), (c) total organic carbon (TOC), and (d) heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, and Cu). The physical parameters measured included: (a) pH, and (b) specific conductivity.
Subsequent to the leaching tests, the column contents were cut into six sections and analyzed to determine the distribution profiles of the adsorbed and retained contaminants at various time durations.
Predictions, using a dispersion-convection model for concentration profile development for either adsorbed or retained contaminants, were compared with the experimentally determined profiles (both in leaching columns and landfill laboratory model).
Another set of experiments was also conducted to evaluate the effect of some organic fluids on the geotechnical properties of different clay soils (natural clay and two reference clay soils: illite and kaolinite).
The results from this study have demonstrated that the natural clay soil can be used to adequately contain the different contaminant species usually present in the leachate solutions. Furthermore, the data suggested that under favourable soil conditions, landfill leachates containing low levels of trace metals will not pose a substantial contamination threat to the subsurface environment, provided that a proper thickness of barrier is used. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

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36

Han, Byunghyun. "Development of techniques for measuring water and fluid flow properties in solid waste in landfills." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 158 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1821286381&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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37

Mukherjee, Moumita. "Instrumented permeable blankets for estimating subsurface hydraulic conductivity and confirming numerical models used for subsurface liquid injection." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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38

Wan, Iat-meng, and 溫日明. "Physical characterization of dewatered sewage sludge for landfilling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31220034.

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39

So, Wing-yeung. "Waste management and its implications for environmental planning : a review of the waste management strategy for Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42574341.

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40

Dedhar, Saleem. "Ammonia removal from a landfill leachate by biological nitrification and denitrification." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25088.

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The discharge of a landfill leachate to a receiving water body can cause a serious pollution problem. One component of leachate that can have a severe impact on a receiving water body is ammonia and its oxidized form, nitrate. This study investigated the biological treatibility of a high ammonia leachate, with specific regard to nitriification and denitrification. A continuous-feed, single sludge denitrification system with recycle was used. Leachate ammonia concentrations of up to 288 mg/L-N were reduced to less than 1 mg/L. The ammonia was removed by nitrification and bacterial uptake. About 25% of the incoming ammonia was taken up by the bacteria in the anoxic reactor; the rest was subsequently nitrified in the aerobic reactor. The nitrates produced in the aerobic reactor were recycled back to the anoxic reactor to undergo denitrification. Glucose was added directly to the anoxic reactor to aid denitrification. The degree of denitrification was dependent on the glucose loading to the anoxic reactor; however, 100% denitrification was achieved on several occasions. The influent leachate COD removal was 20%; however after the addition of glucose to the system, a mean COD removal of 74% was obtained. Of the COD removed across the system, 85% was used in the anoxic reactor for denitrification, and the remaining 15% was used by the heterotrophs in the aerobic reactor. The four metals monitored regularly, zinc, manganese, nickel and iron were removed by the biomass, but not to the same extent During the latter part of the study, the system was first spiked with manganese, and then - zinc, to try and induce an inhibitory effect on the nitrification process. The manganese had no detectable effect on the system. However, total zinc (>95% soluble) levels of between 14.9 and 17.6 mg/L caused substantial inhibition of the nitrification process, resulting in approximately 70 mg/L ammonia in the effluent (feed = 216 mg/L). This inhibition was also evident from the lower percent nitrification values and the unit nitrification rates. This high influent zinc concentration also caused deflocculation, resulting in the loss of significant quantities of biomass with the effluent. The high zinc concentrations also inhibited the denitrifiers, resulting in a decrease in the ammonia uptake, as well as an increase in the COD (used)/Nitrate+Nitrite (NOT) (reduced) ratios in the anoxic reactor. The zinc levels were then lowered to allow the system to return to normal; after this state had been reached, the influent total zinc (>95% soluble) levels were again increased up to 19.5 mg/L. This concentration of zinc did not result in any ammonia appearing in the effluent; thus, it is possible that the bacteria had acclimatized to these high influent zinc concentrations.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Lau, Wai-cho Ivan. "Removal of refractory chemicals in landfill leachate by UASB and advanced oxidation processes /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21527118.

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Smith, Leslie H. "Public attitudes as to the likelihood of occurrence of environmental problems in or near sanitary landfills." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/508008.

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Efforts by designers to produce solutions to environmental problems has become increasingly sophisticated. Inter-disciplinary teams of designers, engineers and scientists have proposed new and dynamic resolutions to environmental disturbances. There is a problem, however, in the ability of such proposals to be accepted and implemented.This study investigated the possibility that communication of these plans has been responsible for the lack of acceptance. Citizens and governmental officials must adequately comprehend the proposed solutions before they can gain confidence and judge them worthy of implementation. This study searched for aspects of communication necessary to successfully promote pre-planning and reclamation for correcting and preventing environmental problems in sanitary landfills.A random survey of Delaware County, Indiana established base means for concerns (aesthetic, pollution, property value, safety, etc.) in a typical population cross-section. The net effectiveness of the landfill presentation (communication) effort was to be inferred through noted changes in the level of concern between the typical population and the test group who witnessed the educational presentation.The comparative test could not proceed. The focus of this study was then directed towards more intimate analysis of the attitudinal data provided in the cross-sectional survey. A number of obvious and obvious characteristics were revealed.In the end, this study has provided significant insight into the "posture" of the most important link in convincing that planning and design solutions can mitigate environmental problems. That link is at the receiving end of such communication efforts... the "public" with its constructs of fears and biases.
Department of Landscape Architecture

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Wang, Chunlei. "Permeability reduction in landfill drainage layer - Effect of carbonate materials." Ohio : Ohio University, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178821138.

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Scott, Jennifer (Jennifer E. )., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Science and Technology. "Designing a constructed wetland to treat landfill leachate." THESIS_FST_XXX_Scott_J.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/600.

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The aim of this project was to identify a suitable solution to the problem of landfill leachate at the North Katoomba landfill site. Options were affected by a range of constraints including economics, location and the intrusion of ground water into the landfill. The initial goal was to contain and treat the leachate on site, with the eventual target to discharge into the nearest receiving waters. A constructed wetland option was devised and researched, involving identification of the major pollutants contained within the leachate, developing a concept design and estimating the likely removal efficiencies expected. Investigations identified the primary pollution parameters as microbial and nutrients. Metals were found to be low in concentration although the wetland has the capacity to deal with these pollutants should they become part of the pollution plume. A bench scale constructed wetland system was developed to give an indication of the removal efficiencies. The results suggest that a constructed wetland system would be appropriate for treating landfill leachate at the North Katoomba site. It is recommended that a constructed wetland be established in the field to determine the long term treatment prospects and the potential management problems in a practical application.
Master of Science (Hons)

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Hon, Siu-ming, and 韓兆明. "Ultimate form of recycling: integrated landfill management: leachate recirculation, landfill gas utilizationand landfill mining : are they applicable to Hong Kong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253143.

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Iwai, Cristiano Kenji [UNESP]. "Tratamento de chorume através de percolação em solos empregados como material de cobertura de aterros para resíduos sólidos urbanos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90805.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-01-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:13:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 iwai_ck_me_bauru_prot.pdf: 3665034 bytes, checksum: 9d79ea4ab1123d568960b092916c0d08 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O tratamento de chorume tem-se tornado cada vez mais importante na medida em que novos aterros sanitários são construídos de acordo com a legislação vigente. Esta relevância está associada à grande quantidade de chorume captada pelo sistema de drenagem nos aterros com liners eficientes. O tratamento de chorume é dificultado pela dinâmica de suas características durante as estações do ano e também durante sua vida útil. Processos biológicos via de regra apresentam baixa eficiência na remoção de carga orgânica, exigindo ainda grandes bacias de equalização. Processos fíico-químicos produzem grandes quantidades de lodo, necessitando ainda de maiores recursos para seu manejo. Portanto, tornam-se necessárias formas alternativas que auxiliem ou substituam os processos convencionais a custos reduzidos. Outra característica fundamental de todo aterro sanitário é grande demanda de terra para cobertura...
The leachate treatment has become more relevant insofar as recent sanitary landfills have been built according the current legislation. This relevance is associate to a large amount of leachate collected by drainage systems in sanitary landfill with efficient linears. The leachate treatment is difficult due to the variation on the quality and on the quantity of the leachate generated on the different seasons and during the landfill lifetime. The biological process to treat leachate needs large equalization basins and usually presents low efficiency. Physical-chemical process produces large amount of sludge at low efficiency and needs more management resources... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Rosengreen, Sven Albert. "13C and 37Cl characterization of PCE and application to contamination of the Harrison Landfill: Tucson, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0063_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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48

劉偉藻 and Wai-cho Ivan Lau. "Removal of refractory chemicals in landfill leachate by UASB and advanced oxidation processes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240471.

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Wong, Wai-kin. "Biotreatment of domestic sewage and landfill leachate by water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes (mart.) solms) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18887429.

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Benbow, Timothy J., and n/a. "Developing compound-specific stable isotope tools for monitoring landfill leachate." University of Otago. Department of Chemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080314.111826.

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This thesis has developed a suite of compound specific stable isotope tools to monitor landfill leachate and identify the infiltration of leachate to ground water and surface water. These tools have the power to indicate the fractional contribution multiple discrete sources of pollution are making to a single location. This journey began by developing two solid phase extraction (SPE) methods to extract non-polar and polar organic compounds from leachate with minimal fractionation of hydrogen or carbon isotopes. Non-polar compounds were successfully extracted using ENV+ SPE cartridges and polar compounds were successfully extracted using Strata-X SPE cartridges. The isotopic fractionation of non-polar compounds during ENV+ extraction varied significantly (up to 245⁰/₀₀ and 1.8⁰/₀₀ for D and ��C respectively, when eluted with acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, as recommended by manufacturers) but the fractionation of compounds eluted with dichloromethane was negligible (less than instrumental precision). Polar compounds were eluted from Strata-X cartridges with negligible isotopic fractionation using methanol. The direct comparison of SPE and liquid-liquid extraction found SPE to extract slightly more compound from leachate then liquid-liquid extraction (especially for polar compounds) and the isotopic compositions of compounds did not change with extraction methods. These new analytical methods subsequently were used to determine the isotopic compositions of organic compounds dissolved in leachates from three New Zealand landfills. The molecular and isotopic signature of leachate varied significantly between landfills, indicating the isotopic fingerprint of organic compounds in leachate is unsuitable as a universal tracer of leachate. However, compounds such as terpien-4-ol, methylethylbenzene and juvabione maintained their isotopic composition over short geographical distance-indicating their potential as site-specific tracers of leachate. Organic compounds analysed on a transect across the landfill boundary indicated polar compounds were more mobile than semi-volatile compounds and possessed a more conservative isotopic composition. However, hexadecanoic acid extracted from leachate and ground water was highly depleted in ��C (-72 ⁰/₀₀ to -40⁰/₀₀), indicative of methanogenic and sulfate reducing bacteria. These bacteria only live in highly reducing environments such as leachate; therefore their presence in the pristine environment can potentially indicate the release of leachate from the landfill. The final experiments traced the uptake and utilisation of leachate by periphyton. The isotopic composition of bulk periphyton, fatty acids and phytol indicated that microbial assimilation and utilisation of nutrients is a complex process. Fatty acid biomarkers for green algae and diatoms showed signs of leachate derived nutrients, however the availability of nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, water and light) caused significant changes in metabolic processes and isotopic compositions. Under slow growing conditions, the [delta]��C composition of periphyton became enriched in ��C as solar irradiation levels decreased (including shading by detritus and periphyton), while the [delta]D composition of fatty acid was controlled by the internal recycling of hydrogen. This study indicated the power of compound specific isotope analysis as a tool to detect the release of landfill leachate from a landfill, especially at locations with multiple potential sources of contaminants, and provides a sound platform for future research.

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